40:
325:
225:
56:
593:
445:
63:
1290:
1125:
265:
for an annual ticket, and the museum had a degree of commercial success; the receipts in 1782 were £2,253. In an effort to draw in the crowds, Lever later reduced the entrance fee to half a crown (2s. 6d.). Lever was constantly looking for new exhibits. However, he spent more on new exhibits than he
245:
in 1774, converting the principal rooms on the first floor into a single large gallery running the length of the house, and opened his museum in
February 1775, with around 25,000 exhibits (a small fraction of his collection) valued at over £40,000. The display included many natural and ethnographic
216:. Admittance to the collection was free, but visitors who arrived on foot were turned away; only those who could afford a carriage or riding horse were welcome. He decided to exhibit the collection in London as a commercial venture, charging an entrance fee.
1118:
569:. Stanley bought approximately 117 mounted birds, representing some 96 species, at the auction in 1806. 82 specimens still survived in 1812, 74 in 1823, and at least 29 in 1850. Among the present collections of
1170:
A short history of insects, (extracted from works of credit) designed as an introduction to the study of that branch of natural history, and as a pocket companion to those who visit the
Leverian Museum.
1067:
188:. For three decades it was displayed in London, being broken up by auction in 1806. The first public location of the collection was the Holophusikon, also known as the Leverian Museum, at
1524:
561:
The specimens purchased by Edward
Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby, were bequeathed to the people of Liverpool upon his death in 1851 and were part of the founding collection of what is now
39:
573:
are 25 study skins (relaxed mounts) of 22 species recognized as having originated from the
Leverian Sale. Nine are recognized as having been collected during the
772:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D2326, Leverian lot no. 5612. This specimen was collected during one of James Cook's voyages, but is of doubtful type significance.
1383:"Bird specimens purchased by Lord Stanley at the sale of the Leverian Museum in 1806, including those still extant in the collections of the Liverpool Museum"
1352:"Bird specimens purchased by Lord Stanley at the sale of the Leverian Museum in 1806, including those still extant in the collections of the Liverpool Museum"
1534:
916:
533:
The contents of the museum are well recorded, from a catalogue of the museum created in 1784, and the sale catalogue in 1806, with a contemporary series of
1220:
1030:
234:
419:, a land agent and accountant. It continued to be displayed at Leicester House until Lever's death in 1788, at a reduced entrance fee of one shilling.
1544:
495:(1796/7), which also served as a "pocket companion" for the museum. The artist Sarah Stone continued to work for Parkinson, as she had done for Lever.
510:
Parkinson also tried to sell the contents at various times. One attempt, a proposed purchase by the government, was wrecked by the adverse opinion of
208:
Lever collected fossils, shells, and animals (birds, insects, reptiles, fish, monkeys) for many years, accumulating a large collection at his home at
1306:
652:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D682, Leverian lot no. 1514. This specimen was described as "Brasilian Yellow-fronted Parrot var. E" by Latham, 1781 (
112:
1060:
700:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D1417b, Leverian lot no. 3142. This specimen is albino and was described as "Var A, White Stare" by Latham, 1783 (
588:, adult male, accession no. NML-VZ D1466, Leverian lot no. 1039. The female specimen from the same lot (accession no. LIV D1466c) is lost.
55:
1549:
1250:
498:
Parkinson had some success in getting naturalists to attend the museum, which was easier at the time to visit than the
British Museum.
818:, adult male and female, accession nos. NML-VZ D1698a and NML-VZ D1698g, Leverian lot no. 44 (last day but one). These specimens are
197:
1012:
636:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D3995, Leverian lot no. 1407. This specimen was first described as "Society Cuckow" by Latham, 1782 (
537:
of its contents by Sarah Stone. There are also sale catalogue annotations allowing, for example, the counting of 37 lots bought by
487:'s specimens were put on public display there for the first time. The museum also served as a resource and opportunity for women.
1529:
196:, from 1775 to 1786. After it passed from Lever's ownership, it was displayed for nearly twenty years more at the purpose-built
347:
980:
839:
691:
1329:
1539:
519:
200:
just across the Thames, sometimes called
Parkinson's Museum for its subsequent owner, James Parkinson (c. 1730-1813).
514:. In the end, for financial reasons, Parkinson sold the collection in lots by auction in 1806. Among the buyers were
1086:
A companion to the museum, (late Sir Ashton Lever's): removed to Albion Street, the Surry end of Black Friars Bridge
342:
An Act for enabling Sir Ashton Lever to dispose of his Museum as now exhibited at
Leicester House, by Way of Chance.
1519:
1335:
744:, adult male and female, accession nos. NML-VZ D1829 and NML-VZ D1829a, Leverian lot no. 5488. These specimens are
416:
17:
910:
1437:
870:
1412:
1262:
167:
1382:
1351:
899:
Holophusicon: The
Leverian Museum â An Eighteenth-Century English Institution of Science, Curiosity, and Art.
385:
713:
242:
189:
105:
1314:
1203:
934:
848:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D2005a, Leverian lot no. 47 (last day but one). 1106. This specimen is the
835:
627:
574:
523:
329:
1293:
List Of
Specimens Purchased By The Royal College Of Surgeons At The Sale Of The Leverian Museum In 1806
860:), a forgery perpetrated by adding a false crest of red feathers to a large-billed seed finch specimen.
633:
578:
566:
229:
1205:
Differences between
British and French Organization of Zoological Exploration in the Pacific 1793â1840
775:
643:
542:
527:
1328:
1278:
646:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D1324f, Leverian lot no. 1418. This specimen is the "white variety".
1275:
Two bird lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) collected during Captain Cook's 2nd voyage around the world
869:
Several hundred specimens (the exact number being unknown) of birds are in the collection of the
845:
499:
460:
401:
255:
224:
1190:
671:
769:
763:
665:
337:
262:
1154:
1487:
962:
649:
585:
484:
476:
468:
453:
1218:
Torrens, H. S. "Parkinson, James (bap. 1730, d. 1813), land agent and museum proprietor".
923:, By Colonel Walrond, part of The Badminton Library of Sports and Pastimes: Archery (1894)
8:
1140:
1004:
434:
428:
293:
in 1785. In 1787, a print of it was published, claiming that it was the insignia of the
1464:"Bird specimens from the Leverian Museum: documentation and present holdings at the NMW"
1463:
592:
874:
352:
270:
599:
538:
405:
1187:
Frankenstein's Science: experimentation and discovery in Romantic culture, 1780-1830
857:
831:
827:
791:
787:
757:
753:
735:
731:
701:
687:
683:
653:
637:
623:
615:
611:
1394:
1363:
1225:
1035:
1008:
881:
A number of ethnographic objects survive in the collections of the British Museum.
863:
719:
511:
480:
438:
274:
250:
on his voyages. The museum took its name from its supposedly universal coverage of
193:
97:
44:
Interior view of Sir Ashton Lever's Museum, Leicester Square, London, 30 March 1785
1237:
1047:
1129:
1107:
Museum Leverianum containing select specimens from the museum of Sir Ashton Lever
1084:
1071:
1016:
984:
920:
797:
697:
602:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D5322, Leverian lot no. 1106. This specimen is the
472:
464:
449:
444:
294:
251:
976:
866:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D1824, Leverian lot no. 23 (last day of the sale).
1229:
849:
819:
809:
779:
745:
741:
723:
722:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D3346, Leverian lot no. 5115. This specimen is a
675:
674:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D4047, Leverian lot no. 2698. This specimen is a
603:
515:
298:
282:
1398:
1367:
1039:
778:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D635, Leverian lot no. 6082. This specimen is a
412:. He only sold 8,000 tickets at a guinea each â he had hoped to sell 36,000.
1513:
803:
550:
546:
286:
127:
114:
812:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D849, Leverian lot no. 34 (last day but two).
806:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D97a, Leverian lot no. 27 (last day but two).
790:) and was first described as "Purple-throated flycatcher" by Latham, 1785 (
659:
570:
562:
488:
365:
181:
156:
707:
534:
1173:
756:) and was first described as "Parrot-billed grosbeak" by Latham, 1783 (
247:
213:
209:
185:
184:. It was noted for the content it acquired from the voyages of Captain
686:) and was first described as "Cinereous Wattle-bird" by Latham, 1781 (
463:
write an illustrated scientific work; the artists involved included
815:
1082:
433:
Parkinson transferred the Leverian collection to a purpose-built
409:
290:
1064:
Enlightenment: The Birth of Archaeology, Silver 'thistle' brooch
1307:"History of the Cuming family collection and the Cuming Museum"
380:
278:
180:
was a natural history and ethnographic collection assembled by
873:. This includes a specimen (number NMW 50.761) of the extinct
830:) and was first described as "Poe bee-eater" by Latham, 1782 (
614:) and was first described as "Brown Creeper" by Latham, 1782 (
459:
A catalogue and guide was printed in 1790. Parkinson also had
694:. This species is critically endangered and possibly extinct.
800:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D1495b, Leverian lot no. 6083.
734:) and was first described as "Ancient Auk" by Latham, 1785 (
710:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D4027d, Leverian lot no. 4092.
690:). It was collected during one of James Cook's voyages from
766:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D575a, Leverian lot no. 5587.
662:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D1504, Leverian lot no. 1757.
1525:
Former buildings and structures in the City of Westminster
668:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D252, Leverian lot no. 2436.
716:, adult, accession no. NML-VZ D88, Leverian lot no. 4751.
404:
both refused to buy the collection, so Lever obtained an
1277:. Archives of Natural History, London, 18 (2): 237-247;
448:
Leverian Museum collection in the Rotunda. Engraving by
313:
Sale by Lottery of Sir Ashton Lever's Museum Act 1784
936:
Animals drawn from Nature and engraved in aqua-tinta
979:for a Bill to enable him to dispose of his museum.
228:Aquatint of exhibit of a stuffed hippopotamus from
556:
526:; many items went to other museums, including the
27:Former natural history and ethnographic collection
964:Survey of London: volumes 33 and 34: St Anne Soho
441:. Leicester House itself was demolished in 1791.
1511:
967:(1966), pp. 441-72, from British History Online
939:(1st ed.). I. & J. Taylor. p. 72.
1253:, Osbert Salvin, 1873, accessed 29 August 2010
261:Lever charged an entry fee of 5s. 3d., or two
1142:Musei Leveriani explicatio, anglica et latina
834:). These specimens were collected during the
549:survive. Purchases from the sale founded the
505:
304:
1535:1806 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
1224:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1034:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
553:. In all 7,879 lots were sold over 65 days.
277:. Among the objects displayed was the large
1461:
1339:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885â1900.
422:
62:
1438:"The five new bird species...that weren't"
1413:"What's a type? A guide to type specimens"
1083:Leverian Museum (London, England) (1790).
977:Abstract of a Petition of Sir Ashton Lever
502:, who visited in 1799, was complimentary.
38:
1545:Private collections in the United Kingdom
1462:Bauernfiend, Ernst (17 September 2004).
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
591:
443:
223:
1263:A collection of drawings by Sarah Stone
1221:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1031:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
168:A collection of drawings by Sarah Stone
14:
1512:
1380:
1349:
1313:. Borough of Southwark. Archived from
932:
273:, who went on to become keeper of the
269:One admirer of the museum was a young
1330:"Parkinson, James (1730?-1813)"
989:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
618:). This specimen is also the type of
219:
1217:
1028:Bell, Alan. "Duncan, Philip Bury".
596:Latham's Brown Creeper NML-VZ D5322
24:
1550:Natural history museums in England
943:
520:Edward Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby
25:
1561:
1121:Philip Reinagle, R.A. 1749 - 1833
840:Queen Charlotte Sound / TÅtaranui
692:Queen Charlotte Sound / TÅtaranui
1336:Dictionary of National Biography
1027:
323:
301:in 1909 (M&ME 1909,6-24,2).
203:
61:
54:
1480:
1455:
1430:
1405:
1374:
1343:
1321:
1299:
1284:
1267:
1256:
1244:
1211:
1208:, Tuatara: Vol. 32, April 1993.
1196:
1179:
1163:
1148:
1134:
1112:
1100:
626:). It was collected during the
557:Surviving specimens and objects
437:, at what would later be No. 3
415:The collection was acquired by
1530:1775 establishments in England
1076:
1054:
1021:
970:
926:
904:
891:
871:Natural History Museum, Vienna
70:Location within Central London
13:
1:
1005:History of the Empire Theatre
913:The Royal Toxophilite Society
897:Kaeppler, Adrienne L.(2011).
884:
545:bought 79 lots, and notes by
408:in 1784 to sell the whole by
386:Statute Law Revision Act 1948
254:, and was essentially a huge
1251:The Ibis, Series 3, Volume 3
1238:UK public library membership
1048:UK public library membership
901:Altenstadt, ZKF Publishers.
714:Magnificent bird-of-paradise
551:collection of Richard Cuming
7:
1387:Archives of Natural History
1356:Archives of Natural History
836:second voyage of James Cook
628:second voyage of James Cook
575:second voyage of James Cook
330:Parliament of Great Britain
10:
1566:
1442:National Museums Liverpool
1417:National Museums Liverpool
634:Pacific long-tailed cuckoo
579:third voyage of James Cook
567:National Museums Liverpool
506:Disposal of the collection
493:A Short History of Insects
426:
309:United Kingdom legislation
305:Lottery for the collection
246:items gathered by Captain
241:Lever acquired a lease of
1540:Defunct museums in London
1399:10.3366/anh.1987.14.3.265
1368:10.3366/anh.1987.14.3.265
983:29 September 2007 at the
919:25 September 2017 at the
776:Purple-throated fruitcrow
644:European green woodpecker
543:Royal College of Surgeons
528:Imperial Museum of Vienna
391:
379:
374:
364:
359:
346:
336:
322:
317:
289:, discovered by a boy in
266:raised in entrance fees.
162:
151:
143:
104:
93:
78:
49:
37:
1185:Christa Knellwolf King,
1070:13 February 2011 at the
1015:22 February 2014 at the
933:Catton, Charles (1788).
788:Syst. Nat. 1 (2), p. 933
754:Syst. Nat. 1 (2), p. 844
732:Syst. Nat. 1 (2), p. 554
423:Move south of the Thames
297:. It was bought by the
1520:Entertainment in London
1119:Royal Academy of Arts,
846:Large-billed seed finch
832:Gen. Syn. 1 (2), p. 682
792:Gen. Syn. 2 (1), p. 365
758:Gen. Syn. 2 (1), p. 108
736:Gen. Syn. 3 (2), p. 326
688:Gen. Syn. 1 (1), p. 364
654:Gen. Syn. 1 (1), p. 287
638:Gen. Syn. 1 (2), p. 517
616:Gen. Syn. 1 (2), p. 732
500:Heinrich Friedrich Link
400:The British Museum and
1492:British Museum Website
1381:Largen, M. J. (1987).
1350:Largen, M. J. (1987).
1230:10.1093/ref:odnb/21370
1157:Sarah Stone Collection
1007:(built on the site of
824:Merops novaeseelandiae
597:
456:
402:Catherine II of Russia
256:cabinet of curiosities
238:
128:51.510278°N 0.130278°W
1311:Southwark Collections
1040:10.1093/ref:odnb/8229
784:Muscicapa rubricollis
770:Chattering kingfisher
764:Racket-tailed treepie
702:Gen. Syn. 2 (1), p. 3
666:Grey-winged trumpeter
595:
447:
427:Further information:
227:
1128:4 March 2016 at the
828:Syst. Nat. 1, p. 464
684:Syst. Nat. 1, p. 363
650:Orange-winged amazon
624:Descr. Anim., p. 263
612:Syst. Nat. 1, p. 472
586:Black-spotted barbet
469:Charles Reuben Ryley
454:Charles Reuben Ryley
133:51.510278; -0.130278
1155:Australian Museum,
672:South Island kÅkako
429:Blackfriars Rotunda
314:
198:Blackfriars Rotunda
178:Leverian collection
124: /
34:
1273:Palma, R.L. 1991.
875:Lord Howe Swamphen
680:Glaucopis cinereus
598:
457:
353:24 Geo. 3. Sess. 2
312:
271:Philip Bury Duncan
239:
220:At Leicester House
32:
1488:"Leverian Museum"
1317:on 2 August 2014.
1236:(Subscription or
1046:(Subscription or
850:holotype specimen
820:syntype specimens
746:syntype specimens
604:holotype specimen
600:Barred honeyeater
539:Alexander Macleay
406:Act of Parliament
398:
397:
375:Other legislation
318:Act of Parliament
174:
173:
147:c. 28,000 objects
16:(Redirected from
1557:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1494:. British Museum
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1189:(2008), p. 173;
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941:
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930:
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908:
902:
895:
864:African swamphen
858:Mus. Lev., p. 45
780:syntype specimen
724:syntype specimen
720:Ancient murrelet
676:syntype specimen
620:Certhia fasciata
512:Sir Joseph Banks
481:Sydenham Edwards
439:Blackfriars Road
435:Rotunda building
393:Status: Repealed
327:
326:
315:
311:
275:Ashmolean Museum
194:Leicester Square
170:
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98:Leicester Square
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1130:Wayback Machine
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1072:Wayback Machine
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1017:Wayback Machine
1009:Leicester House
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990:
985:Wayback Machine
975:
971:
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944:
931:
927:
921:Wayback Machine
909:
905:
896:
892:
887:
798:Stone partridge
750:Loxia psittacea
698:Common starling
622:Forster, 1844 (
559:
524:William Bullock
508:
473:William Skelton
465:Philip Reinagle
450:William Skelton
431:
425:
417:James Parkinson
394:
332:
324:
310:
307:
295:Knights Templar
252:natural history
243:Leicester House
222:
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190:Leicester House
166:
144:Collection size
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33:Leverian Museum
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18:Leverian Museum
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1506:
1505:
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1429:
1404:
1393:(3): 265â288.
1373:
1362:(3): 265â288.
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1320:
1298:
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1202:J. A. Bartle,
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1061:British Museum
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826:Gmelin, 1788 (
813:
810:Ruddy shelduck
807:
801:
795:
786:Gmelin, 1789 (
773:
767:
761:
752:Gmelin, 1789 (
739:
730:Gmelin, 1789 (
717:
711:
705:
695:
682:Gmelin, 1788 (
669:
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641:
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610:Gmelin, 1788 (
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516:Edward Donovan
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299:British Museum
283:thistle brooch
230:Charles Catton
221:
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