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for such a demanding position and was thought to likely be little more than a figurehead. Buchanan, weighing many of the other options for
Secretary of State, considered that Cass was the best choice to avoid political infighting and sectional tensions. Buchanan wrote a flattering letter offering him the post of Secretary of State, commenting that he was remarkably active and energetic for his advanced age. Cass, who was retiring from the Senate, but not eager to leave Washington and return home to Michigan, immediately accepted.
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896:, an increasingly popular fraternal organization in that period, being initiated as an Entered Apprentice in what was later American Union Lodge No.1 at Marietta on December 5, 1803. He achieved his Fellow Craft degree on April 2, 1804, and his Master Mason degree on May 7, 1804. On June 24, 1805, he was admitted as Charter member of the Lodge of Amity 105 (later No.5), Zanesville. He served as the first Worshipful Master of the Lodge of Amity in 1806. Cass was one of the founders of the
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on
October 29, 1813, serving until 1831. As he was frequently traveling on business, several territorial secretaries often acted as governor in his place. During this period, he helped negotiate and implement treaties with Native American tribes in Michigan, by which they ceded substantial amounts of
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with a reconnaissance force combined with 150 Ohio infantry troops under Cass were near the bridge leading to Fort Malden. Two
British guns fired on the Americans and disabled an American cannon. The Americans captured two British soldiers after they crossed the bridge, before safely withdrawing with
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was considered the best option by many, Buchanan made it clear that he did not want to keep anyone from the Pierce
Administration. Moreover, Marcy had opposed his earlier presidential bids, and was in poor health in any event, ultimately dying in July 1857. Cass, aged 75, was seen by most as too old
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to lose an election and the first
Democrat who was unsuccessful in his bid to succeed another Democrat as president. Apart from James Buchanan's election to succeed Franklin Pierce in 1856, subsequent Democrats who attempted election to succeed a fellow Democrat as president all failed in their bid
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Taking the position, Cass promised to refrain from making anti-British remarks in public (having served in the War of 1812, Cass had a low opinion of London). Most assumed Cass was a temporary
Secretary of State until a younger, more fit man could be found, however, he ultimately served for all but
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led a concealed
American reconnaissance force near them. The British detected the Americans, and sent a party of Indians over a nearby bridge to draw them out; however, once the Indians crossed, the concealed Americans opened fire, wounding two and killing one. Cass and Miller send word to General
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were "inherently inferior" to whites, and incapable of being civilized and thus should be removed from the eastern United States. This article caught the attention and approval of Andrew
Jackson. On August 1, 1831, Cass resigned as governor of the Michigan Territory to take the post of
1588:. Cassville, Georgia is an unincorporated community in the same county, was originally the county seat before the name was changed from Cass County. The seat was moved to Cartersville, Georgia after General Sherman destroyed Cassville in his Atlanta Campaign of 1864.
950:, requesting permission to attack Fort Malden and hold it until reinforcements arrived. However, Hull, an indecisive officer, was unsupportive and refused to agree to their request, which led Cass and Miller to withdraw their men back to American lines.
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Cass resigned on
December 14, 1860, because of what he considered Buchanan's failure to protect federal interests in the South and failure to mobilize the federal military, actions that might have averted the threatened secession of Southern states.
1584:, was originally named Cass County after Lewis Cass, but was changed in 1861 after Francis Bartow died as a Confederate war hero and due to Cass's alleged opposition to slavery, even though he was an advocate of states' rights via the doctrine of
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tribes of the region, under which they ceded large amounts of territory to the United States. This helped open up areas of
Michigan to settlement by Euro-Americans. That same year, Cass was named to serve as Secretary of War under President
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On July 28, 1812, Colonel Cass conducted a hit-and-run attack at the Rivière aux Canards driving back a band of Native Americans. The Americans killed one Native American and scalped him. Cass and his fellow Americans then withdrew safely.
810:. Cass resigned from the Cabinet in December 1860 in protest of Buchanan's handling of the threatened secession of several Southern states. Since his death in 1866, he has been commemorated in various ways, including with a statue in the
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in 1830. While it was directed chiefly against the Southeastern tribes, especially the Five Civilized Tribes, it also affected tribes in Ohio, Illinois, and other areas east of the Mississippi River. Most were forced to
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the final four months of Buchanan's administration. As expected, the aged Cass largely delegated major decision-making to subordinates, but eagerly signed his name on papers and dispatches penned by them.
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On May 26, 1806, Cass married Elizabeth Spencer (1786–1853), the daughter of Dr. Joseph Spencer Jr. and Deborah (née Seldon) Spencer. Her paternal grandfather was
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on October 4, 1836. He presented his credentials on December 1, 1836, and served until he left his post on November 12, 1842, when he was succeeded by
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Cass became colonel of the 27th United States Infantry Regiment on February 20, 1813. Soon after, he was promoted to brigadier general in the
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precipitated a split in the party, as Cass's advocacy for popular sovereignty alienated the anti-slavery wing of the party. Van Buren led the
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The Lewis Cass Legacy Society, which supports The Michigan Masonic Charitable Foundation, was named for his support of Michigan Freemasonry.
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Cleland, Charles E. ”Rites of Conquest: The History and Culture of Michigan's Native Americans”. University of Michigan Press (1992).
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First record book of the Society of Colonial Dames in the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations: Ending August 31, 1896
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Klunder, Willard Carl. ”Lewis Cass, Stephen Douglas, and Popular Sovereignty: The Demise of Democratic Party Unity,” in
2174:. Historian Society of the Sons of the Revolution in the State of Connecticut. Archived from the original on 8 March 2018
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Who's Who in America | A Biographical Directory of Notable Living Men and Women of The United States | Vol VI 1910-1911
233:
1230:, Cass was returned by the state legislature to the Senate, serving from 1849 to 1857. He was the first non-incumbent
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there. His nomination caused a split in the Democratic Party, leading many antislavery Northern Democrats to join the
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1048:. The headwater of the great river was then unknown, resulting in an undefined border between the United States and
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Through his daughter Matilda, he was the grandfather of Elizabeth Cass Ledyard (wife of Francis Wayland Goddard);
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Klunder, Willard Carl (1991). "The Seeds of Popular Sovereignty: Governor Lewis Cass and Michigan Territory".
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West Virginia Place Names: Their Origin and Meaning, Including the Nomenclature of the Streams and Mountains
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783:'s presidential ticket and appealed to many anti-slavery Democrats, possibly contributing to the victory of
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as a consolation prize for his previous presidential runs. Although retaining incumbent Secretary of State
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1400:(1814–1878), who served as an army officer and as U.S. Chargé d'Affaires and Minister to the Papal States.
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Cass returned to the Senate in 1849 and continued to serve until 1857 when he accepted appointment as the
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1930:"The War of 1812: A Complete Chronology with Biographies of 63 General Officers" by Bud Hannings Page.42.
1921:"The War of 1812: A Complete Chronology with Biographies of 63 General Officers" by Bud Hannings Page.39.
1912:"The War of 1812: A Complete Chronology with Biographies of 63 General Officers" by Bud Hannings Page.38.
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1052:, which had been linked to the river. The Cass expedition erroneously identified what became known as
857:, part of a wave of westward migration after the end of the war and defeat of Native Americans in the
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Flude, Anthony G. (March 2012). "Manuscript XXIII: A Raiatean Petition for American Protection".
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The History of Miami County, Ohio: Containing a History of the County; Its Cities, Towns, Etc
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Mary Sophia Cass (1812–1882), who married Army officer Augustus Canfield, an officer of the
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presidential nominee. A slave owner himself, he was a leading spokesman for the doctrine of
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1383:. Lewis and Elizabeth were the parents of seven children, five of whom lived past infancy:
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Gilman) Cass and Major Jonathan Cass, a Revolutionary War veteran who fought under General
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2077:"Collier, Ellen C. (1993) "Instances of Use of United States Forces Abroad, 1798 - 1993"
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1169:, Cass stood as a candidate for the presidential nomination, losing on the 9th ballot to
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to open land for American settlement as part of the belief in the 19th century phrase “
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2450:
2187:
2135:
2123:
2050:
2042:
2002:
1949:
1639:
1615:
1595:
1138:
1108:, a position he would hold until 1836. Cass was a central figure in implementing the
1079:. Slavery continued in Michigan until admission to the Union in 1837, when its first
1045:
835:
686:
278:
104:
5359:
2168:"Historical Sketch of Joseph Spencer - Sons of the American Revolution, Connecticut"
13121:
12861:
12814:
12735:
12554:
12515:
12409:
12196:
12109:
12092:
11939:
11924:
11712:
11590:
11550:
11185:
11148:
11061:
11049:
11003:
10872:
10867:
10810:
10790:
10775:
10575:
10540:
10224:
10179:
9905:
9819:
9784:
9779:
9769:
9704:
9659:
9604:
9559:
9378:
9235:
8851:
8831:
8821:
8811:
8791:
8607:
8595:
8571:
8559:
8535:
8517:
8386:
8338:
8250:
7706:
7666:
7586:
7457:
7448:
7444:
7431:
7405:
7292:
7275:
7262:
7253:
6781:
6519:
6509:
6489:
6469:
6289:
6009:
5939:
5699:
5664:
5634:
5619:
5599:
5547:
5512:
5502:
5497:
5487:
5273:
5263:
5138:
5028:
4983:
4963:
4948:
4848:
4808:
4635:
4610:
4590:
4495:
4450:
4425:
4420:
4410:
4395:
4325:
4225:
4148:
4123:
4118:
4083:
4073:
4068:
4023:
4003:
3988:
3978:
3908:
3873:
3443:
3413:
3333:
3211:
2936:
2776:
2732:
2115:
1830:
Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs United States Department of State
1753:
1681:
1530:
1415:
1380:
1286:
1220:
1118:
934:
882:
866:
764:
751:
under Andrew Jackson. As Secretary of War, he helped implement Jackson's policy of
737:
701:
617:
258:
92:
2649:
1207:
was selected as his running mate. Cass was a leading supporter of the doctrine of
13078:
13008:
12835:
12703:
12695:
12530:
12431:
12243:
11639:
11608:
11117:
10927:
10912:
10902:
10862:
10800:
10750:
10663:
10614:
10395:
10116:
10068:
9922:
9834:
9799:
9709:
9694:
9644:
9634:
9564:
8908:
8776:
8771:
8706:
8691:
8583:
8464:
8326:
8047:
7907:
7830:
7826:
7822:
7802:
7786:
7762:
7702:
7686:
7496:
7379:
7318:
7314:
7240:
6871:
6851:
6831:
6711:
6691:
6661:
6609:
6599:
6579:
6559:
6499:
6409:
6369:
6349:
6319:
6269:
6209:
6049:
6039:
5949:
5777:
5767:
5747:
5709:
5659:
5654:
5644:
5639:
5594:
5584:
5537:
5447:
5432:
5258:
5253:
5203:
5198:
5153:
4973:
4898:
4818:
4605:
4525:
4470:
4460:
4340:
4275:
4128:
4088:
3739:
3669:
3629:
3619:
3609:
3571:
3561:
3481:
3433:
3393:
3137:
2985:
2926:
2797:
2119:
1767:
1611:
1457:
1248:
1240:
1154:
1146:
1013:
959:
780:
775:
elected Cass to the Senate, where he served until 1848. Cass's nomination at the
290:
146:
12973:
12820:
12774:
12720:
12505:
12441:
12436:
12401:
12114:
11722:
11717:
11674:
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11584:
11506:
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11367:
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11123:
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10922:
10892:
10852:
10847:
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10698:
9975:
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9764:
9734:
9714:
9654:
9649:
9639:
9629:
9624:
8933:
8856:
8826:
8761:
8756:
8726:
8721:
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8701:
8686:
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8529:
8434:
8380:
7887:
7871:
7851:
7746:
7542:
7522:
7500:
7396:
7392:
7327:
7249:
7236:
6981:
6911:
6891:
6861:
6821:
6771:
6627:
6589:
6379:
6079:
5929:
5787:
5724:
5629:
5614:
5579:
5442:
5392:
5143:
5038:
5008:
4893:
4883:
4833:
4645:
4555:
4365:
4255:
4250:
4048:
4033:
4028:
3983:
3973:
3878:
3659:
3541:
3403:
3353:
3265:
3245:
2878:
2751:
1627:, Michigan capitol government complex. It was renamed on June 30, 2020, to the
1549:
1491:
1487:
1397:
1368:
1339:, limiting U.S. and British control of Latin American countries. The chiefs of
1320:
1278:
1227:
1109:
1105:
850:
788:
759:
from 1836 to 1842, he unsuccessfully sought the presidential nomination at the
752:
663:
659:
331:
319:
254:
80:
12929:
12651:
12357:
12033:
2412:"Guide to the Henry Ledyard collection 1726-1899 and undated (bulk 1840-1859)"
13193:
12510:
12290:
12077:
11649:
11524:
11348:
11317:
11179:
11073:
10932:
10907:
10897:
10755:
10723:
10678:
10464:
10058:
9994:
List of international trips made by secretaries of state of the United States
9951:
9854:
9844:
9724:
9684:
9579:
9574:
9440:
8885:
8871:
8649:
8511:
8452:
8262:
8087:
8071:
7971:
7911:
7806:
7726:
7582:
7474:
7288:
6991:
6961:
6951:
6459:
6199:
6189:
6179:
6139:
6119:
5989:
5719:
5532:
5477:
5462:
5288:
5238:
5193:
4978:
4938:
4923:
4918:
4813:
4768:
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4355:
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4280:
4245:
4240:
4113:
4058:
4008:
3998:
3943:
3928:
3923:
3599:
3521:
3111:
3084:
3022:
2148:
Cass’s resignation statement, quoted in McLaughlin, Andrew Cunningham (1899)
2127:
1449:
1411:
1376:
1174:
1005:
807:
768:
554:
381:
1508:
1351:, unsuccessfully petitioned the United States to accept the islands under a
13103:
12853:
12804:
12799:
12579:
12274:
11982:
11669:
11398:
11379:
11154:
11055:
11015:
10937:
10877:
10770:
10693:
10668:
10555:
10136:
9893:
9809:
9789:
9749:
9729:
9614:
9589:
8861:
8766:
8751:
8696:
8565:
8523:
8458:
8027:
8007:
7991:
7947:
7927:
7867:
7847:
7562:
7513:
7001:
6841:
6731:
6721:
6549:
6429:
6129:
5649:
5457:
5382:
5228:
4998:
4838:
4265:
4078:
4038:
3993:
3968:
3963:
3858:
3749:
3649:
3511:
2851:
2827:
2822:
2818:
2012:
1537:
1526:
1352:
1264:
1026:
947:
393:
966:
13083:
11679:
11373:
11323:
11286:
11173:
10587:
10502:
10416:
10189:
10156:
9963:
9859:
9839:
8913:
8876:
8637:
8625:
8428:
8416:
8374:
8280:
7352:
6971:
6941:
6931:
6921:
6901:
6881:
6791:
6701:
6019:
5919:
5822:
5812:
5802:
5792:
5742:
5689:
5318:
5188:
5178:
5098:
5018:
4903:
4783:
4763:
4485:
4350:
4143:
4133:
3729:
3719:
3639:
2084:
1061:
1037:
1000:
As a reward for his military service, Cass was appointed Governor of the
938:
918:
893:
725:
713:
611:
3808:
2744:
2279:
Island, National Society of the Colonial Dames of America Rhode (1897).
1761:
1129:, but a number of bands negotiated being allowed to remain in Michigan.
925:. During the war, Cass conducted several military operations around the
37:
12426:
12163:
10506:
10375:
10314:
10274:
10239:
10194:
10151:
9939:
9744:
9599:
8903:
8899:
8881:
8643:
8440:
7987:
6259:
5969:
5827:
5817:
5807:
5797:
5772:
5313:
5003:
4843:
4828:
4743:
4560:
4430:
4230:
4103:
3709:
3551:
3285:
3255:
3221:
2470:
1243:
secured a majority of delegates’ votes at the Democratic Convention in
1170:
678:
266:
10002:
5873:
3196:
Unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States
10184:
10174:
10126:
10121:
9824:
8928:
8918:
8890:
8866:
8446:
8286:
8067:
8051:
8031:
8011:
2755:
Party Over Section: The Rough and Ready Presidential Election of 1848
2736:
1348:
1324:
1244:
1041:
2719:
ed by Daniel J. McDonough and Kenneth W. Noe, (2006) pp. 129–53
2236:
2206:
1137:
At the end of his term, President Jackson appointed Cass to succeed
11227:
10978:
10204:
10131:
10037:
9739:
9530:
8404:
8091:
7602:
7125:
5782:
3897:
3689:
3531:
2304:
Clarence Monroe Burton; William Stocking; Gordon K. Miller (1922),
2213:. Vol. 2. Detroit, MI: S. J. Publishing Company. p. 1367.
2153:
2081:
Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, Washington DC"
1433:
1181:
1126:
1086:
989:
651:
158:
1623:
The Lewis Cass Building, a principal state office building in the
11429:
7967:
7951:
7931:
4189:
3699:
2156:, (standard library edition, first edition was published in 1891)
1854:"Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Lewis Cass (1782–1866)"
1624:
1471:); Susan Livingston Ledyard (wife of Hamilton Bullock Tompkins);
1429:
1340:
1212:
1199:
In 1848, he resigned from the Senate to run for president in the
1044:. Its purpose was to map the region and locate the source of the
681:
should have the right to decide on whether to permit or prohibit
469:
2449:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 604.
1634:
Lewis Cass is the namesake of counties in the following states:
10474:
10141:
2446:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774–2005
1332:
1122:
953:
799:
756:
1112:
policy of the Jackson administration; Congress had passed the
831:
10146:
3156:
2471:"Lewis Cass statue, Statuary Hall, the Capitol at Washington"
2339:
Biographical Record of the Class of 1865, of Hamilton College
1684:, was named in honor of Lewis Cass. (However, Cass Street in
1344:
763:; a deadlock between supporters of Cass and former President
1319:
in Central America, he was instrumental in having Commodore
1239:
but neither he nor rival Democratic contenders Buchanan and
2495:"Michigan Military and Vetarans Hall of Honor | Lewis Cass"
1448:
Through his daughter Mary, he was the great-grandfather of
1331:
to the United States. Cass attempted to buy more land from
1012:
In 1817, Cass was one of the two commissioners (along with
1009:
land. Some were given small reservations in the territory.
854:
747:
Cass resigned as governor in 1831 to accept appointment as
13270:
Candidates in the 1852 United States presidential election
13265:
Candidates in the 1848 United States presidential election
12219:
1347:
in the South Pacific, refusing to accept the rule of King
904:
on January 3, 1810, January 8, 1811, and January 8, 1812.
2700:
2001:. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press. pp. 46–47.
1521:
is one of the two that were submitted by Michigan to the
1160:
5083:
2600:"Michigan Masonic Legacy Society Gala - Michigan Masons"
2374:, vol. 18, Psi Upsilon Fraternity, pp. 170–171
2114:(1). Canberra: Australian National University: 111–121.
1944:
Heidler, David S., and Heidler, Jeanne T. (eds) (2004).
1056:
as the Mississippi's source. It was not until 1832 that
912:
646:(October 9, 1782 – June 17, 1866) was an
1180:
Cass was elected by the state legislature to represent
1036:
to the northwestern part of Michigan Territory, in the
967:
Hit-and-run attack on bridge at the Riviere aux Canards
13260:
Democratic Party (United States) presidential nominees
9506:
2815:, William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan.
2442:
929:. On July 16, 1812, a British force consisting of the
677:, which at the time held the idea that people in each
13255:
Democratic Party United States senators from Michigan
2252:"Cass Canfield, a Titan of Publishing, Is Dead at 88"
1188:, serving in 1845–1848. He served as chairman of the
1060:, the Cass expedition's geologist, identified nearby
16:
United States Army officer and politician (1782–1866)
2708:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1743:
2310:, The S. J. Clarke publishing company, pp. 5–6
1787:
1575:
Cass Avenue in Detroit. Cass Avenue in Mt. Clemens.
1323:removed from command for his landing of Marines in
995:
865:, was admitted to the bar, and began a practice in
658:and served in the Cabinets of two U.S. Presidents,
13250:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate
5875:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate
2540:. Piedmont, WV: The Place Name Press. p. 159.
2307:The city of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922; Volume 4
1494:'s 10th Congressional District from 1986 to 2005.
1235:to do so. Cass made another bid for president in
2917:President pro tempore of the United States Senate
2650:"MemberListC | American Antiquarian Society"
2272:
112:President pro tempore of the United States Senate
13191:
5362:United States Senate Committee on Armed Services
1087:Secretary of War and expediter of Indian removal
1020:, which was signed on September 29 with several
13340:United States Army personnel of the War of 1812
2475:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
1964:
1962:
1816:
1814:
1700:
1391:, a Dutch journalist, diplomat, and politician.
2768:Secretaries of War and Secretaries of the Army
2391:. London: A. N. Marquis & Co. p. 1134
1497:
1424:Spencer Cass (1828-1828), who died in infancy.
1410:Matilda Frances Cass (1818–1898), who married
992:. Cass resigned from the Army on May 1, 1814.
12915:
12637:
12343:
12019:
11973:Native American genocide in the United States
11445:
11213:
10964:
10447:
10018:
9492:
7141:
5859:
5345:
5069:
4175:
3824:
3180:
2773:United States Army Center of Military History
2403:
2207:Burton, Clarence Monroe; et al. (1922).
1673:Lewis Cass is the namesake of Cass Street in
1533:It stands in the National Statuary Hall room.
872:
246:December 1, 1836 – November 12, 1842
13280:Members of the Ohio House of Representatives
2832:
2329:
1976:. Lansing, MI: Michigan History Center. 2023
1959:
1811:
954:Second engagement at bridge near Fort Malden
798:. He unsuccessfully sought to buy land from
124:December 4, 1854 – December 5, 1854
13330:Members of the American Antiquarian Society
9358:National Democratic Redistricting Committee
9333:Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee
2523:. Windmill Publications. 1880. p. 396.
2378:
2367:
1879:
1877:
1875:
13285:Ambassadors of the United States to France
12922:
12908:
12644:
12630:
12350:
12336:
12026:
12012:
11452:
11438:
11220:
11206:
10971:
10957:
10454:
10440:
10025:
10011:
9499:
9485:
7148:
7134:
7109:
5866:
5852:
5352:
5338:
5076:
5062:
4182:
4168:
3831:
3817:
3793:
3783:
3187:
3173:
2159:
1822:"Lewis Cass - People - Department History"
1254:
1132:
1091:In 1830, Cass published an article in the
744:into the northwest part of the territory.
371:October 13, 1813 – August 1, 1831
72:March 6, 1857 – December 14, 1860
36:
9343:Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee
3838:
3157:Articles and topics related to Lewis Cass
2717:Politics and Culture of the Civil War Era
1998:Lewis Cass and the Politics of Moderation
1940:
1938:
1936:
984:on March 12, 1813. Cass took part in the
937:and a number of Indians were posted near
311:August 1, 1831 – October 4, 1836
12936:1856 United States presidential election
12658:1852 United States presidential election
12364:1848 United States presidential election
12040:1844 United States presidential election
9353:National Conference of Democratic Mayors
9348:Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee
9328:Democratic Attorneys General Association
2335:
2238:The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922
2210:The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701–1922
2152:Houghton, Mifflin, Boston, pp. 345–346,
2041:, p. 146. University Press of Kentucky.
1872:
1507:
1486:Cass's great-great-grandson, Republican
1296:
1258:
700:before establishing a legal practice in
13350:United States senators who owned slaves
13235:Buchanan administration cabinet members
12844:
12154:
12068:
10032:
9384:National Federation of Democratic Women
2722:
2384:
1994:
1421:Ellen Cass (1821–1824), who died young.
1387:Isabella Cass (1805–1879), who married
975:
650:officer and politician. He represented
13230:Jackson administration cabinet members
13192:
2623:
2278:
2165:
1933:
1885:"Past Grand Masters - 1810 Lewis Cass"
1731:France, its King, Court and Government
1572:that runs around the surrounding area.
1161:Presidential ambitions and U.S. Senate
171:March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1857
13345:Burials at Elmwood Cemetery (Detroit)
13325:Regents of the University of Michigan
12903:
12625:
12331:
12218:
12007:
11433:
11201:
10952:
10435:
10006:
9480:
9461:2018 House Caucus leadership election
9456:2006 House Caucus leadership election
7129:
5847:
5333:
5057:
4163:
3812:
3168:
3155:
2831:
2533:
2105:
1064:as the headwater of the Mississippi.
913:Engagement at bridge near Fort Malden
822:Cass was born on October 9, 1782, in
732:in 1813. He negotiated treaties with
206:March 4, 1845 – May 29, 1848
7155:
7098:
5085:United States senators from Michigan
3076:U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Michigan
3010:U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Michigan
2760:
2297:
1948:, pp. 83-84. Naval Institute Press.
1848:
1846:
1727:
1618:, were named in honor of Lewis Cass.
1452:(longtime president and chairman of
921:broke out, Cass took command of the
507:
10470:United States Ambassadors to France
2409:
2361:
2336:Tompkins, Hamilton Bullock (1877).
1970:"Anti-Slavery Movement in Michigan"
1548:He is the eponym of the village of
1504:List of places named for Lewis Cass
1389:Theodorus Marinus Roest van Limburg
1219:, which nominated former President
1151:Vice President of the United States
1029:, but he declined the appointment.
777:1848 Democratic National Convention
761:1844 Democratic National Convention
13:
13245:United States secretaries of state
13220:American people of English descent
11459:
9508:United States Secretaries of State
1327:and compelling the extradition of
1071:of 1787 prohibited slavery in the
716:and would eventually co-found the
234:United States Ambassador to France
14:
13361:
13310:19th-century American politicians
13210:People from Exeter, New Hampshire
2806:
1843:
1776:Origins of the American Civil War
1394:Elizabeth Selden Cass (1812–1832)
1263:Photograph of Secretary Cass, by
1232:Democratic presidential candidate
877:In 1806, Cass was elected to the
755:. After serving as ambassador to
13240:United States secretaries of war
13225:American people of Welsh descent
11268:
11031:
10515:
10473:
10463:
9539:
9406:High School Democrats of America
9338:Democratic Governors Association
9295:Congressional Progressive Caucus
8064:2020 (Milwaukee/other locations)
7108:
7097:
7087:
7086:
7011:
5556:
5212:
4700:
4693:
4191:United States Secretaries of War
3887:
3792:
3782:
3773:
3772:
2976:United States Minister to France
2944:United States Secretary of State
2499:www.mimilitaryvethallofhonor.org
1760:
1746:
1483:); and Matilda Spancer Ledyard.
1479:who was the personal counsel of
1405:Corps of Topographical Engineers
1362:
1301:Posthumous portrait of Cass, by
996:Territorial Governor of Michigan
881:. The following year, President
565:
547:
529:
60:United States Secretary of State
13315:19th-century American diplomats
13305:Politicians from Marietta, Ohio
13275:Governors of Michigan Territory
11930:Indian barrier state (proposed)
9273:Steering and Outreach Committee
3049:Senate Armed Services Committee
2775:. CMH pub 70-12. Archived from
2694:
2667:
2642:
2617:
2592:
2568:
2544:
2527:
2511:
2487:
2463:
2443:United States Congress (2005).
2436:
2385:Marquis, Albert Nelson (1911).
2314:
2244:
2200:
2142:
2099:
2069:
2060:
2031:
2019:
1988:
1946:Encyclopedia of the War of 1812
1721:
1614:, and Lewis Cass Elementary in
1428:Cass died on June 17, 1866, in
849:. In 1800, the family moved to
503:
13320:Phillips Exeter Academy alumni
13215:Gilman family of New Hampshire
11468:Battles and military incidents
3126:President of the United States
2890:United States Secretary of War
2761:Bell, William Gardner (1992).
2552:"Detroit, Michigan - MapQuest"
2321:"Ledyard Given Quiet Funeral,"
2285:. Snow & Farnham, printers
2108:The Journal of Pacific History
2037:Kleber, John E. (ed.) (1992).
1995:Klunder, Willard Carl (1996).
1924:
1915:
1906:
1715:American Philosophical Society
1512:Lewis Cass Legacy Society logo
1443:
1315:While sympathetic to American
1095:that passionately argued that
907:
802:and sympathized with American
299:United States Secretary of War
1:
2423:Redwood Library and Athenaeum
1781:
1734:. New York: Wiley and Putnam.
1692:, were named for his nephew,
1306:
1268:
1226:After losing the election to
1190:Committee on Military Affairs
879:Ohio House of Representatives
817:
767:ended with the nomination of
706:Ohio House of Representatives
510:; died 1853)
414:Ohio House of Representatives
43:
9516:Secretary of Foreign Affairs
9374:College Democrats of America
2166:Whittelsey, Charles Barney.
2120:10.1080/00223344.2011.632982
1708:American Antiquarian Society
1701:Other honors and memberships
1477:Carter Ledyard & Milburn
1465:Henry Brockholst Ledyard Jr.
1277:On March 6, 1857, President
1149:, who later became the 13th
1083:outlawed slavery statewide.
728:and was appointed to govern
7:
13335:United States Army generals
11978:Reservation checkerboarding
7337:1860 (Charleston/Baltimore)
5369:Military Affairs Committee
3778:All presidential candidates
2654:www.americanantiquarian.org
2576:"Cass Ave · Mt Clemens, MI"
1739:
1670:, was named for his nephew.
1498:Monuments and Commemoration
1281:appointed Cass to serve as
1040:region in today's northern
927:Canada–United States border
923:3rd Ohio Volunteer Regiment
685:, believing in the idea of
21:Lewis Cass (disambiguation)
10:
13366:
11993:Treaty of Nicolls' Outpost
11574:Indian removals in Indiana
11567:Removals (chronologically)
9451:2017 chairmanship election
9446:2005 chairmanship election
9401:Young Democrats of America
2791:Elmwood Cemetery Biography
2725:Michigan Historical Review
2703:"Lewis Cass (id: C000233)"
2624:Haddad, Ken (2020-06-30).
2371:The diamond of Psi Upsilon
2066:Klunder (1996), pp. 266–67
1592:Cass Technical High School
1501:
1467:(who was president of the
1247:, and the party went with
1167:1844 Democratic convention
958:On July 19, 1812, Colonel
873:Beginning of Cass's career
845:Cass attended the private
830:. His parents were Molly (
18:
13159:
13139:
13112:
13101:
13066:
13039:
13022:
12991:
12964:
12947:
12875:
12833:
12792:
12765:
12748:
12713:
12686:
12669:
12597:
12572:
12545:
12528:
12498:
12471:
12454:
12419:
12392:
12375:
12303:
12261:
12232:
12214:
12181:
12137:
12102:
12051:
11948:
11905:
11736:
11694:People who helped Indians
11693:
11630:
11597:Potawatomi Trail of Death
11566:
11533:
11467:
11410:Secretary of the Interior
11408:
11389:
11358:
11333:
11308:
11279:Secretary of the Treasury
11277:
11266:
11243:
11164:
11139:
11108:
11083:
11042:Secretary of the Treasury
11040:
11029:
10994:
10737:
10604:Minister Plenipotentiary
10601:
10525:Ministers Plenipotentiary
10524:
10513:
10483:
10404:
10343:
10267:
10258:
10165:
10102:
10044:
9991:
9548:
9537:
9514:
9466:Weekly Democratic Address
9418:
9394:Stonewall Young Democrats
9366:
9320:
9255:
9244:
8942:
8659:
8474:
8225:
8107:
7205:
7165:
7020:
7009:
5881:
5734:Armed Services Committee
5733:
5565:
5554:
5368:
5221:
5210:
5091:
4862:
4722:
4709:
4691:
4659:
4514:
4214:
4201:
3896:
3885:
3846:
3768:
3206:
3202:
3162:
3134:
3116:
3108:
3103:
3093:
3073:
3065:
3055:
3045:
3037:
3027:
3007:
2999:
2992:
2982:
2973:
2965:
2960:
2950:
2941:
2933:
2923:
2914:
2906:
2896:
2887:
2875:
2865:
2856:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2580:Cass Ave · Mt Clemens, MI
2192:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2039:The Kentucky Encyclopedia
1668:Cass County, North Dakota
1475:(a prominent lawyer with
1469:Michigan Central Railroad
988:, which saw the death of
740:” at the time, and led a
637:
606:
596:
586:
578:
560:
542:
537:
525:
517:
486:
476:
459:
439:
434:
430:
419:
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399:
387:
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364:
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325:
315:
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296:
284:
272:
250:
239:
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222:
210:
199:
187:
175:
164:
152:
140:
128:
117:
110:
98:
86:
76:
65:
57:
53:
35:
28:
11983:Reservation diminishment
11961:in the Thirteen Colonies
11655:George Rockingham Gilmer
11489:Battle of Horseshoe Bend
11130:Benjamin Franklin Butler
10738:Ambassador Extraordinary
9221:Northern Mariana Islands
5566:Naval Affairs Committee
3104:Party political offices
2833:Offices and distinctions
2701:United States Congress.
1713:Elected a member of the
1706:Elected a member of the
1554:Cassville, West Virginia
861:. Cass studied law with
708:, he was appointed as a
11966:Land claims settlements
11615:Long Walk of the Navajo
10602:Envoy Extraordinary and
10361:Clinton-Kalamazoo Canal
9431:Presidential candidates
1860:. U.S. State Department
1858:Office of the Historian
1686:Traverse City, Michigan
1629:Elliott-Larsen Building
1373:Continental Congressman
1255:U.S. Secretary of State
1143:U.S. Minister to France
1133:U.S. Minister to France
847:Phillips Exeter Academy
718:Grand Lodge of Michigan
712:. Cass also joined the
704:. After serving in the
698:Phillips Exeter Academy
13290:United States Marshals
12172:Theodore Frelinghuysen
11842:Prairie du Chien (4th)
11830:Prairie du Chien (3rd)
11824:Prairie du Chien (2nd)
11818:Prairie du Chien (1st)
11696:or documented removals
11633:and military officials
11579:Choctaw Trail of Tears
11546:Georgia Land Lotteries
10386:Detroit–Windsor Tunnel
10310:1833 Treaty of Chicago
10305:1821 Treaty of Chicago
10112:Council of Three Fires
9310:Problem Solvers Caucus
9305:New Democrat Coalition
8159:(1885–1889; 1893–1897)
3798:Third-party candidates
3424:Winfield Scott Hancock
3314:William Henry Harrison
2534:Kenny, Hamill (1945).
2172:www.connecticutsar.org
2027:Removal of the Indians
1795:"Congress slaveowners"
1694:George Washington Cass
1608:Lewis Cass High School
1604:Bartow County, Georgia
1582:Bartow County, Georgia
1523:National Statuary Hall
1513:
1312:
1274:
1205:William Orlando Butler
1058:Henry Rowe Schoolcraft
1016:), who negotiated the
885:appointed Cass as the
826:, near the end of the
812:National Statuary Hall
623:Battle of River Canard
263:William Henry Harrison
42:Secretary Lewis Cass,
13300:Masonic grand masters
11935:Indian Reserve (1763)
11737:Land cession treaties
11513:Attack at Fort Hughes
11391:Secretary of the Navy
11293:Philip Francis Thomas
11166:Secretary of the Navy
10391:Flint Sit-Down Strike
10325:Treaty of Fond du Lac
7045:Democratic-Republican
4516:Assistant Secretaries
3840:Governors of Michigan
2326:May 28, 1921, pg. 11.
1562:Cass County, Michigan
1511:
1488:Thomas Cass Ballenger
1454:Harper & Brothers
1337:Clayton–Bulwer Treaty
1300:
1262:
1093:North American Review
1050:British North America
1032:In 1820, Cass led an
931:41st Regiment of Foot
824:Exeter, New Hampshire
694:Exeter, New Hampshire
579:Years of service
453:Exeter, New Hampshire
347:Joel Roberts Poinsett
154:United States Senator
13164:Other 1856 elections
12982:John C. Breckinridge
12880:Other 1852 elections
12602:Other 1848 elections
12308:Other 1844 elections
11988:Reservation politics
11836:Dancing Rabbit Creek
11723:Benjamin Marie Petit
11631:American politicians
11557:Worcester v. Georgia
11495:Battle of Negro Fort
11477:Battle of Burnt Corn
10300:Treaty of St. Mary's
10295:Treaty of Fort Meigs
10290:Treaty of Brownstown
10210:Fort Michilimackinac
9211:District of Columbia
7884:1984 (San Francisco)
7779:1964 (Atlantic City)
7559:1920 (San Francisco)
3502:Charles Evans Hughes
2859:Governor of Michigan
2679:search.amphilsoc.org
2675:"APS Member History"
2368:Psi Upsilon (1932),
1728:Cass, Lewis (1840).
1675:Green Bay, Wisconsin
1558:Cassopolis, Michigan
1519:statue of Lewis Cass
1186:United States Senate
1018:Treaty of Fort Meigs
986:Battle of the Thames
976:Battle of the Thames
859:Northwest Indian War
773:Michigan Legislature
722:Battle of the Thames
656:United States Senate
630:Battle of the Thames
19:For other uses, see
12189:for Vice President:
11913:Former reservations
11896:Buffalo Creek (4th)
11884:Buffalo Creek (3rd)
11872:Buffalo Creek (2nd)
11764:Buffalo Creek (1st)
11703:Robert C. Ambrister
10740:and Plenipotentiary
10351:Northwest Territory
10330:Treaty of La Pointe
10225:Pontiac's Rebellion
9389:Stonewall Democrats
8044:2016 (Philadelphia)
7699:1948 (Philadelphia)
7639:1936 (Philadelphia)
7185:Fourth Party System
7175:Second Party System
7057:National Republican
7033:Anti-Administration
3492:William Howard Taft
3384:George B. McClellan
3276:William H. Crawford
3232:Charles C. Pinckney
2324:Detroit Free Press,
1889:Grand Lodge of Ohio
1799:The Washington Post
1586:popular sovereignty
1566:Cass City, Michigan
1552:, the community of
1209:popular sovereignty
1073:Northwest Territory
1069:Northwest Ordinance
941:. Cass and Colonel
898:Grand Lodge of Ohio
863:Return J. Meigs Jr.
828:American Revolution
720:. He fought at the
675:popular sovereignty
135:David Rice Atchison
13295:American surveyors
13130:Andrew J. Donelson
13089:Robert F. Stockton
13074:Nathaniel P. Banks
13004:Stephen A. Douglas
12810:John J. Crittenden
12731:Stephen A. Douglas
12585:Joshua R. Giddings
12125:Richard M. Johnson
11752:Fort Stanwix (2nd)
11746:Fort Stanwix (1st)
11621:Burt Lake burn-out
11603:Sandy Lake Tragedy
11519:Battle of Ocheesee
11501:Battle of Fowltown
11483:Fort Mims massacre
11360:Postmaster General
11245:Secretary of State
11141:Postmaster General
10996:Secretary of State
10230:Royal Proclamation
9553:1789–present
9550:Secretary of State
9290:Blue Dog Coalition
7964:2000 (Los Angeles)
7819:1972 (Miami Beach)
7759:1960 (Los Angeles)
7539:1916 (Saint Louis)
7493:1904 (Saint Louis)
7480:1900 (Kansas City)
7441:1888 (Saint Louis)
7402:1876 (Saint Louis)
7195:Sixth Party System
7190:Fifth Party System
7180:Third Party System
7027:Pro-Administration
3374:Stephen A. Douglas
3097:Zachariah Chandler
3082:Served alongside:
3019:William Woodbridge
3016:Served alongside:
3003:Augustus S. Porter
2844:Political offices
2796:2009-01-05 at the
2604:michiganmasons.org
2257:The New York Times
1690:Cadillac, Michigan
1525:collection in the
1514:
1481:J. Pierpont Morgan
1473:Lewis Cass Ledyard
1436:. He is buried in
1313:
1283:Secretary of State
1275:
1114:Indian Removal Act
1081:state constitution
1002:Michigan Territory
796:Secretary of State
730:Michigan Territory
666:. He was also the
648:United States Army
601:27th U.S. Infantry
573:United States Army
359:Michigan Territory
194:Zachariah Chandler
13187:
13186:
13181:
13180:
13155:
13154:
13097:
13096:
13057:William L. Dayton
13018:
13017:
12897:
12896:
12871:
12870:
12829:
12828:
12783:William A. Graham
12744:
12743:
12619:
12618:
12593:
12592:
12524:
12523:
12489:William O. Butler
12450:
12449:
12325:
12324:
12299:
12298:
12210:
12209:
12133:
12132:
12001:
12000:
11739:(chronologically)
11534:Policies and laws
11470:(chronologically)
11427:
11426:
11343:Jeremiah S. Black
11259:Jeremiah S. Black
11195:
11194:
11010:Edward Livingston
10946:
10945:
10824:
10821:chargé d'affaires
10655:
10652:chargé d'affaires
10638:
10635:chargé d'affaires
10584:
10581:chargé d'affaires
10429:
10428:
10425:
10424:
10381:Ambassador Bridge
10371:River Rouge Plant
10320:Battle of Windsor
10285:Treaty of Saginaw
10280:Treaty of Detroit
10245:Revolutionary War
10180:Coureurs des Bois
10142:Ojibwe (Chippewa)
10000:
9999:
9474:
9473:
9414:
9413:
9300:Justice Democrats
8924:Wasserman Schultz
7415:1880 (Cincinnati)
7324:1856 (Cincinnati)
7123:
7122:
5841:
5840:
5327:
5326:
5051:
5050:
5047:
5046:
4864:Under Secretaries
4689:
4688:
4661:Under Secretaries
4157:
4156:
3850:(1805–1837)
3806:
3805:
3764:
3763:
3680:George H. W. Bush
3454:Benjamin Harrison
3324:Hugh Lawson White
3304:John Quincy Adams
3149:
3148:
3144:
3143:
3135:Succeeded by
3094:Succeeded by
3080:1849–1857
3069:Thomas Fitzgerald
3056:Succeeded by
3031:Thomas Fitzgerald
3028:Succeeded by
3014:1845–1848
2983:Succeeded by
2969:Edward Livingston
2961:Diplomatic posts
2951:Succeeded by
2924:Succeeded by
2897:Succeeded by
2866:Succeeded by
2813:Lewis Cass papers
2456:978-0-16-073176-1
2419:library.brown.edu
2055:978-0-8131-1772-0
2008:978-0-8733-8536-7
1974:Michiganology.org
1826:history.state.gov
1616:Livonia, Michigan
1303:Daniel Huntington
1139:Edward Livingston
1046:Mississippi River
963:their prisoners.
836:George Washington
742:survey expedition
641:
640:
591:Brigadier General
470:Detroit, Michigan
279:Edward Livingston
228:Thomas Fitzgerald
182:Thomas Fitzgerald
13357:
13140:Other candidates
13128:Vice President:
13122:Millard Fillmore
13110:
13109:
13067:Other candidates
13055:Vice President:
13037:
13036:
13025:Republican Party
12992:Other candidates
12980:Vice President:
12962:
12961:
12950:Democratic Party
12924:
12917:
12910:
12901:
12900:
12862:George W. Julian
12860:Vice President:
12842:
12841:
12815:Millard Fillmore
12793:Other candidates
12781:Vice President:
12763:
12762:
12736:William L. Marcy
12714:Other candidates
12702:Vice President:
12684:
12683:
12672:Democratic Party
12646:
12639:
12632:
12623:
12622:
12573:Other candidates
12563:Charles F. Adams
12561:Vice President:
12555:Martin Van Buren
12543:
12542:
12516:Martin Van Buren
12499:Other candidates
12487:Vice President:
12469:
12468:
12457:Democratic Party
12420:Other candidates
12410:Millard Fillmore
12408:Vice President:
12390:
12389:
12352:
12345:
12338:
12329:
12328:
12250:Vice President:
12216:
12215:
12197:Millard Fillmore
12182:Other candidates
12170:Vice President:
12152:
12151:
12110:Martin Van Buren
12103:Other candidates
12093:George M. Dallas
12091:Vice President:
12066:
12065:
12054:Democratic Party
12028:
12021:
12014:
12005:
12004:
11956:Aboriginal title
11940:Unassigned Lands
11925:Indian Territory
11713:Benjamin Hawkins
11708:George Arbuthnot
11665:Thomas Jefferson
11591:Cherokee removal
11551:Manifest destiny
11454:
11447:
11440:
11431:
11430:
11335:Attorney General
11310:Secretary of War
11272:
11271:
11222:
11215:
11208:
11199:
11198:
11186:Mahlon Dickerson
11149:William T. Barry
11110:Attorney General
11085:Secretary of War
11062:William J. Duane
11050:Samuel D. Ingham
11035:
11034:
11004:Martin Van Buren
10973:
10966:
10959:
10950:
10949:
10818:
10649:
10632:
10578:
10519:
10478:
10477:
10468:
10467:
10456:
10449:
10442:
10433:
10432:
10265:
10264:
10215:Seven Years' War
10027:
10020:
10013:
10004:
10003:
9543:
9542:
9501:
9494:
9487:
9478:
9477:
9379:Democrats Abroad
9268:Policy Committee
9253:
9252:
9236:Democrats Abroad
8024:2012 (Charlotte)
7519:1912 (Baltimore)
7389:1872 (Baltimore)
7311:1852 (Baltimore)
7298:1848 (Baltimore)
7285:1844 (Baltimore)
7272:1840 (Baltimore)
7259:1835 (Baltimore)
7246:1832 (Baltimore)
7159:
7158:Democratic Party
7150:
7143:
7136:
7127:
7126:
7112:
7111:
7101:
7100:
7090:
7089:
7080:
7074:
7068:
7062:
7056:
7050:
7044:
7038:
7032:
7026:
7015:
6999:
6989:
6979:
6969:
6959:
6949:
6939:
6929:
6919:
6909:
6899:
6889:
6879:
6869:
6859:
6849:
6839:
6829:
6819:
6809:
6799:
6789:
6779:
6769:
6759:
6749:
6739:
6729:
6719:
6709:
6699:
6689:
6679:
6669:
6659:
6649:
6641:
6633:
6625:
6617:
6607:
6597:
6587:
6577:
6567:
6557:
6547:
6537:
6527:
6517:
6507:
6497:
6487:
6477:
6467:
6457:
6447:
6437:
6427:
6417:
6407:
6397:
6387:
6377:
6367:
6357:
6347:
6337:
6327:
6317:
6307:
6297:
6287:
6277:
6267:
6257:
6247:
6237:
6227:
6217:
6207:
6197:
6187:
6177:
6167:
6157:
6147:
6137:
6127:
6117:
6107:
6097:
6087:
6077:
6067:
6057:
6047:
6037:
6027:
6017:
6007:
5997:
5987:
5977:
5967:
5957:
5947:
5937:
5927:
5917:
5907:
5897:
5887:
5868:
5861:
5854:
5845:
5844:
5560:
5360:Chairmen of the
5354:
5347:
5340:
5331:
5330:
5216:
5078:
5071:
5064:
5055:
5054:
4720:
4719:
4704:
4697:
4212:
4211:
4184:
4177:
4170:
4161:
4160:
3901:
3891:
3890:
3851:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3810:
3809:
3796:
3795:
3786:
3785:
3776:
3775:
3464:William J. Bryan
3444:Grover Cleveland
3414:Samuel J. Tilden
3334:Martin Van Buren
3212:Thomas Jefferson
3204:
3203:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3166:
3165:
3153:
3152:
3109:Preceded by
3066:Preceded by
3038:Preceded by
3000:Preceded by
2966:Preceded by
2934:Preceded by
2907:Preceded by
2884:
2876:Preceded by
2849:Preceded by
2841:
2840:
2829:
2828:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2748:
2737:10.2307/20173254
2712:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2556:www.mapquest.com
2548:
2542:
2541:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2416:
2410:Ledyard, Henry.
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2344:Hamilton College
2333:
2327:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2248:
2242:
2234:
2215:
2214:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2191:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2163:
2157:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2083:. Archived from
2073:
2067:
2064:
2058:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2016:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1966:
1957:
1942:
1931:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1913:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1891:. Archived from
1881:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1850:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1818:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1791:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1754:Biography portal
1751:
1750:
1749:
1735:
1682:Monroe, Michigan
1600:Cass High School
1531:Washington, D.C.
1458:Harper & Row
1438:Elmwood Cemetery
1416:mayor of Detroit
1381:Continental Army
1311:
1308:
1287:William L. Marcy
1273:
1270:
1221:Martin Van Buren
1153:under President
1119:Indian Territory
1104:under President
1102:Secretary of War
1077:Alexander Macomb
935:Canadian Militia
933:, 60 men of the
883:Thomas Jefferson
765:Martin Van Buren
749:Secretary of War
738:manifest destiny
702:Zanesville, Ohio
618:Detroit Campaign
571:
569:
568:
553:
551:
550:
538:Military service
533:
511:
509:
505:
466:
449:
447:
435:Personal details
424:
402:
390:
378:
369:
343:
336:
328:
309:
287:
275:
259:Martin Van Buren
244:
225:
213:
204:
190:
178:
169:
143:
131:
122:
101:
89:
70:
48:
45:
40:
26:
25:
13365:
13364:
13360:
13359:
13358:
13356:
13355:
13354:
13190:
13189:
13188:
13183:
13182:
13177:
13151:
13135:
13093:
13079:Abraham Lincoln
13062:
13049:John C. Frémont
13028:
13014:
13009:Franklin Pierce
12987:
12953:
12943:
12928:
12898:
12893:
12867:
12836:Free Soil Party
12825:
12788:
12754:
12740:
12709:
12704:William R. King
12696:Franklin Pierce
12675:
12665:
12650:
12620:
12615:
12589:
12568:
12534:
12531:Free Soil Party
12520:
12494:
12460:
12446:
12432:John M. Clayton
12415:
12381:
12371:
12356:
12326:
12321:
12295:
12288:Vice President:
12257:
12244:James G. Birney
12228:
12206:
12177:
12143:
12129:
12098:
12057:
12047:
12032:
12002:
11997:
11944:
11901:
11890:La Pointe (2nd)
11878:La Pointe (1st)
11854:Payne's Landing
11788:Forbes Purchase
11738:
11732:
11695:
11689:
11640:John C. Calhoun
11632:
11626:
11609:Nome Cult Trail
11562:
11529:
11469:
11463:
11458:
11428:
11423:
11404:
11385:
11354:
11329:
11304:
11273:
11269:
11264:
11239:
11226:
11196:
11191:
11160:
11135:
11118:John M. Berrien
11104:
11079:
11036:
11032:
11027:
10990:
10977:
10947:
10942:
10743:
10741:
10739:
10733:
10607:
10605:
10603:
10597:
10528:
10526:
10520:
10511:
10487:
10485:
10479:
10472:
10462:
10460:
10430:
10421:
10400:
10396:Mackinac Bridge
10339:
10254:
10250:Treaty of Paris
10161:
10098:
10040:
10031:
10001:
9996:
9987:
9552:
9544:
9540:
9535:
9519:1781–1789
9518:
9510:
9505:
9475:
9470:
9410:
9362:
9316:
9247:
9240:
8947:
8945:
8938:
8661:
8655:
8548:C. A. Culberson
8494:J. W. Stevenson
8485:
8482:
8480:
8477:
8470:
8357:D. B. Culberson
8242:
8239:
8237:
8232:
8228:
8221:
8113:administrations
8111:
8103:
7924:1992 (New York)
7864:1980 (New York)
7844:1976 (New York)
7579:1924 (New York)
7376:1868 (New York)
7224:
7221:
7219:
7215:
7212:
7208:
7201:
7161:
7157:
7154:
7124:
7119:
7078:
7072:
7066:
7060:
7054:
7048:
7042:
7036:
7030:
7024:
7016:
7007:
6997:
6987:
6977:
6967:
6957:
6947:
6937:
6927:
6917:
6907:
6897:
6887:
6877:
6867:
6857:
6847:
6837:
6827:
6817:
6807:
6797:
6787:
6777:
6767:
6757:
6747:
6737:
6727:
6717:
6707:
6697:
6687:
6677:
6667:
6657:
6647:
6639:
6631:
6623:
6615:
6605:
6595:
6585:
6575:
6565:
6555:
6545:
6535:
6525:
6515:
6505:
6495:
6485:
6475:
6465:
6455:
6445:
6435:
6425:
6415:
6405:
6395:
6385:
6375:
6365:
6355:
6345:
6335:
6325:
6315:
6305:
6295:
6285:
6275:
6265:
6255:
6245:
6235:
6225:
6215:
6205:
6195:
6185:
6175:
6165:
6155:
6145:
6135:
6125:
6115:
6105:
6095:
6085:
6075:
6065:
6055:
6045:
6035:
6025:
6015:
6005:
5995:
5985:
5975:
5965:
5955:
5945:
5935:
5925:
5915:
5905:
5895:
5885:
5877:
5872:
5842:
5837:
5735:
5729:
5567:
5561:
5552:
5370:
5364:
5358:
5328:
5323:
5217:
5208:
5087:
5082:
5052:
5043:
4865:
4858:
4725:
4715:
4712:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4685:
4662:
4655:
4517:
4510:
4217:
4207:
4204:
4197:
4188:
4158:
4153:
3899:
3892:
3888:
3883:
3849:
3842:
3837:
3807:
3802:
3760:
3759:
3740:Hillary Clinton
3670:Michael Dukakis
3630:George McGovern
3620:Hubert Humphrey
3610:Barry Goldwater
3586:Adlai Stevenson
3572:Thomas E. Dewey
3562:Wendell Willkie
3482:Alton B. Parker
3434:James G. Blaine
3394:Horatio Seymour
3364:John C. Frémont
3198:
3193:
3158:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3138:Franklin Pierce
3129:
3114:
3099:
3081:
3079:
3071:
3061:
3052:
3043:
3033:
3015:
3013:
3005:
2988:
2979:
2971:
2956:
2947:
2939:
2929:
2920:
2912:
2902:
2893:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2871:
2862:
2854:
2834:
2809:
2798:Wayback Machine
2782:
2780:
2757:(2009), 205 pp.
2752:Silbey, Joel H.
2697:
2692:
2683:
2681:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2658:
2656:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2634:
2632:
2622:
2618:
2609:
2607:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2584:
2582:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2560:
2558:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2532:
2528:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2503:
2501:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2479:
2477:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2457:
2441:
2437:
2427:
2425:
2414:
2408:
2404:
2394:
2392:
2383:
2379:
2366:
2362:
2352:
2350:
2334:
2330:
2319:
2315:
2302:
2298:
2288:
2286:
2277:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2260:. 28 March 1986
2250:
2249:
2245:
2241:, p. 1367.
2235:
2218:
2205:
2201:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2175:
2164:
2160:
2147:
2143:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2087:on 17 June 2015
2079:CRS Issue Brief
2075:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2036:
2032:
2024:
2020:
2009:
1993:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1968:
1967:
1960:
1943:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1898:
1896:
1883:
1882:
1873:
1863:
1861:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1834:
1832:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1804:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1768:Politics portal
1766:
1759:
1752:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1724:
1703:
1680:Cass Street in
1612:Walton, Indiana
1506:
1500:
1446:
1365:
1309:
1271:
1257:
1249:Franklin Pierce
1241:Stephen Douglas
1217:Free Soil Party
1163:
1155:Franklin Pierce
1147:William R. King
1135:
1121:in present-day
1089:
1022:Native American
1014:Duncan McArthur
998:
978:
969:
960:Duncan McArthur
956:
915:
910:
875:
820:
781:Free Soil Party
771:. In 1845, the
734:American tribes
566:
564:
548:
546:
513:
501:
497:
494:
493:
477:Political party
468:
464:
451:
450:October 9, 1782
445:
443:
425:
420:
400:
388:
376:
370:
365:
341:
334:
326:
310:
305:
285:
273:
265:
261:
257:
245:
240:
223:
217:Augustus Porter
211:
205:
200:
188:
176:
170:
165:
156:
141:
129:
123:
118:
99:
87:
71:
66:
49:
46:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
13363:
13353:
13352:
13347:
13342:
13337:
13332:
13327:
13322:
13317:
13312:
13307:
13302:
13297:
13292:
13287:
13282:
13277:
13272:
13267:
13262:
13257:
13252:
13247:
13242:
13237:
13232:
13227:
13222:
13217:
13212:
13207:
13202:
13185:
13184:
13179:
13178:
13176:
13175:
13170:
13160:
13157:
13156:
13153:
13152:
13150:
13149:
13143:
13141:
13137:
13136:
13134:
13133:
13125:
13116:
13114:
13107:
13104:American Party
13099:
13098:
13095:
13094:
13092:
13091:
13086:
13081:
13076:
13070:
13068:
13064:
13063:
13061:
13060:
13052:
13043:
13041:
13034:
13020:
13019:
13016:
13015:
13013:
13012:
13006:
13001:
12995:
12993:
12989:
12988:
12986:
12985:
12977:
12974:James Buchanan
12968:
12966:
12959:
12945:
12944:
12927:
12926:
12919:
12912:
12904:
12895:
12894:
12892:
12891:
12886:
12876:
12873:
12872:
12869:
12868:
12866:
12865:
12857:
12848:
12846:
12839:
12831:
12830:
12827:
12826:
12824:
12823:
12821:Daniel Webster
12818:
12812:
12807:
12802:
12796:
12794:
12790:
12789:
12787:
12786:
12778:
12775:Winfield Scott
12769:
12767:
12760:
12746:
12745:
12742:
12741:
12739:
12738:
12733:
12728:
12723:
12721:James Buchanan
12717:
12715:
12711:
12710:
12708:
12707:
12699:
12690:
12688:
12681:
12667:
12666:
12649:
12648:
12641:
12634:
12626:
12617:
12616:
12614:
12613:
12608:
12598:
12595:
12594:
12591:
12590:
12588:
12587:
12582:
12576:
12574:
12570:
12569:
12567:
12566:
12558:
12549:
12547:
12540:
12526:
12525:
12522:
12521:
12519:
12518:
12513:
12508:
12506:James Buchanan
12502:
12500:
12496:
12495:
12493:
12492:
12484:
12475:
12473:
12466:
12452:
12451:
12448:
12447:
12445:
12444:
12442:Daniel Webster
12439:
12437:Winfield Scott
12434:
12429:
12423:
12421:
12417:
12416:
12414:
12413:
12405:
12402:Zachary Taylor
12396:
12394:
12387:
12373:
12372:
12355:
12354:
12347:
12340:
12332:
12323:
12322:
12320:
12319:
12314:
12304:
12301:
12300:
12297:
12296:
12294:
12293:
12285:
12284:
12283:
12267:
12265:
12259:
12258:
12256:
12255:
12247:
12238:
12236:
12230:
12229:
12212:
12211:
12208:
12207:
12205:
12204:
12199:
12194:
12185:
12183:
12179:
12178:
12176:
12175:
12167:
12158:
12156:
12149:
12135:
12134:
12131:
12130:
12128:
12127:
12122:
12117:
12115:James Buchanan
12112:
12106:
12104:
12100:
12099:
12097:
12096:
12088:
12087:
12086:
12072:
12070:
12063:
12049:
12048:
12031:
12030:
12023:
12016:
12008:
11999:
11998:
11996:
11995:
11990:
11985:
11980:
11975:
11970:
11969:
11968:
11963:
11952:
11950:
11949:Related topics
11946:
11945:
11943:
11942:
11937:
11932:
11927:
11922:
11921:
11920:
11909:
11907:
11903:
11902:
11900:
11899:
11893:
11887:
11881:
11875:
11869:
11863:
11860:Pontotoc Creek
11857:
11851:
11845:
11839:
11833:
11827:
11821:
11815:
11812:Indian Springs
11809:
11803:
11797:
11791:
11785:
11782:New York (2nd)
11779:
11773:
11770:New York (1st)
11767:
11761:
11755:
11749:
11742:
11740:
11734:
11733:
11731:
11730:
11725:
11720:
11718:Edward Nicolls
11715:
11710:
11705:
11699:
11697:
11691:
11690:
11688:
11687:
11682:
11677:
11675:Winfield Scott
11672:
11667:
11662:
11660:Andrew Jackson
11657:
11652:
11647:
11642:
11636:
11634:
11628:
11627:
11625:
11624:
11618:
11612:
11606:
11600:
11594:
11588:
11585:Trail of Tears
11582:
11576:
11570:
11568:
11564:
11563:
11561:
11560:
11553:
11548:
11543:
11537:
11535:
11531:
11530:
11528:
11527:
11522:
11516:
11510:
11507:Scott Massacre
11504:
11498:
11492:
11486:
11480:
11473:
11471:
11465:
11464:
11461:Indian Removal
11457:
11456:
11449:
11442:
11434:
11425:
11424:
11422:
11421:
11418:Jacob Thompson
11414:
11412:
11406:
11405:
11403:
11402:
11395:
11393:
11387:
11386:
11384:
11383:
11377:
11371:
11368:Aaron V. Brown
11364:
11362:
11356:
11355:
11353:
11352:
11346:
11339:
11337:
11331:
11330:
11328:
11327:
11321:
11314:
11312:
11306:
11305:
11303:
11302:
11299:John Adams Dix
11296:
11290:
11283:
11281:
11275:
11274:
11267:
11265:
11263:
11262:
11256:
11249:
11247:
11241:
11240:
11236:James Buchanan
11225:
11224:
11217:
11210:
11202:
11193:
11192:
11190:
11189:
11183:
11177:
11170:
11168:
11162:
11161:
11159:
11158:
11152:
11145:
11143:
11137:
11136:
11134:
11133:
11127:
11124:Roger B. Taney
11121:
11114:
11112:
11106:
11105:
11103:
11102:
11096:
11089:
11087:
11081:
11080:
11078:
11077:
11071:
11068:Roger B. Taney
11065:
11059:
11053:
11046:
11044:
11038:
11037:
11030:
11028:
11026:
11025:
11019:
11013:
11007:
11000:
10998:
10992:
10991:
10987:Andrew Jackson
10976:
10975:
10968:
10961:
10953:
10944:
10943:
10941:
10940:
10935:
10930:
10925:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10900:
10895:
10890:
10885:
10880:
10875:
10870:
10865:
10860:
10855:
10850:
10845:
10840:
10835:
10830:
10825:
10813:
10808:
10803:
10798:
10793:
10788:
10783:
10778:
10773:
10768:
10763:
10758:
10753:
10747:
10745:
10744:(1893–present)
10735:
10734:
10732:
10731:
10726:
10721:
10716:
10711:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10691:
10686:
10681:
10676:
10671:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10644:
10639:
10627:
10622:
10617:
10611:
10609:
10599:
10598:
10596:
10595:
10590:
10585:
10573:
10568:
10563:
10558:
10553:
10548:
10543:
10538:
10532:
10530:
10522:
10521:
10514:
10512:
10510:
10509:
10491:
10489:
10481:
10480:
10459:
10458:
10451:
10444:
10436:
10427:
10426:
10423:
10422:
10420:
10419:
10414:
10408:
10406:
10402:
10401:
10399:
10398:
10393:
10388:
10383:
10378:
10373:
10368:
10363:
10358:
10353:
10347:
10345:
10341:
10340:
10338:
10337:
10332:
10327:
10322:
10317:
10312:
10307:
10302:
10297:
10292:
10287:
10282:
10277:
10271:
10269:
10262:
10256:
10255:
10253:
10252:
10247:
10242:
10237:
10235:Indian Reserve
10232:
10227:
10222:
10220:Peace of Paris
10217:
10212:
10207:
10202:
10197:
10192:
10187:
10182:
10177:
10171:
10169:
10163:
10162:
10160:
10159:
10154:
10149:
10147:Odawa (Ottawa)
10144:
10139:
10134:
10129:
10124:
10119:
10114:
10108:
10106:
10100:
10099:
10097:
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9920:
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9913:
9903:
9902:
9901:
9891:
9890:
9889:
9879:
9878:
9877:
9867:
9862:
9857:
9852:
9847:
9842:
9837:
9832:
9827:
9822:
9817:
9812:
9807:
9802:
9797:
9792:
9787:
9782:
9777:
9772:
9767:
9762:
9757:
9752:
9747:
9742:
9737:
9732:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9697:
9692:
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9682:
9677:
9672:
9667:
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9652:
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9637:
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9511:
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9438:
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9422:
9420:
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9411:
9409:
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9364:
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9360:
9355:
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9307:
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9282:
9277:
9276:
9275:
9270:
9259:
9257:
9250:
9242:
9241:
9239:
9238:
9233:
9231:Virgin Islands
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9208:
9206:American Samoa
9203:
9198:
9193:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9173:
9168:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9151:South Carolina
9148:
9143:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9116:North Carolina
9113:
9108:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9083:
9078:
9073:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9048:
9043:
9038:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9013:
9008:
9003:
8998:
8993:
8988:
8983:
8978:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8958:
8952:
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8937:
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8926:
8921:
8916:
8911:
8906:
8897:
8888:
8879:
8874:
8869:
8864:
8859:
8854:
8849:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8829:
8824:
8819:
8814:
8809:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8789:
8784:
8779:
8774:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8719:
8714:
8709:
8704:
8699:
8694:
8689:
8684:
8679:
8674:
8668:
8666:
8657:
8656:
8654:
8653:
8647:
8641:
8635:
8629:
8623:
8617:
8611:
8605:
8599:
8593:
8587:
8581:
8575:
8569:
8563:
8557:
8551:
8545:
8539:
8533:
8527:
8521:
8515:
8509:
8503:
8497:
8490:
8488:
8472:
8471:
8469:
8468:
8462:
8456:
8450:
8444:
8438:
8432:
8426:
8420:
8414:
8408:
8402:
8396:
8390:
8384:
8378:
8372:
8366:
8360:
8354:
8348:
8342:
8336:
8330:
8324:
8318:
8308:
8302:
8296:
8290:
8284:
8278:
8272:
8266:
8260:
8254:
8247:
8245:
8223:
8222:
8220:
8219:
8213:
8207:
8201:
8195:
8189:
8183:
8177:
8166:
8160:
8154:
8148:
8142:
8136:
8130:
8124:
8117:
8115:
8105:
8104:
8102:
8101:
8100:
8099:
8084:2024 (Chicago)
8081:
8080:
8079:
8061:
8060:
8059:
8041:
8040:
8039:
8021:
8020:
8019:
8001:
8000:
7999:
7981:
7980:
7979:
7961:
7960:
7959:
7944:1996 (Chicago)
7941:
7940:
7939:
7921:
7920:
7919:
7904:1988 (Atlanta)
7901:
7900:
7899:
7881:
7880:
7879:
7861:
7860:
7859:
7841:
7840:
7839:
7816:
7815:
7814:
7799:1968 (Chicago)
7796:
7795:
7794:
7776:
7775:
7774:
7756:
7755:
7754:
7739:1956 (Chicago)
7736:
7735:
7734:
7719:1952 (Chicago)
7716:
7715:
7714:
7696:
7695:
7694:
7679:1944 (Chicago)
7676:
7675:
7674:
7659:1940 (Chicago)
7656:
7655:
7654:
7636:
7635:
7634:
7619:1932 (Chicago)
7616:
7615:
7614:
7599:1928 (Houston)
7596:
7595:
7594:
7576:
7575:
7574:
7556:
7555:
7554:
7536:
7535:
7534:
7516:
7503:
7490:
7477:
7467:1896 (Chicago)
7464:
7454:1892 (Chicago)
7451:
7438:
7428:1884 (Chicago)
7425:
7412:
7399:
7386:
7373:
7363:1864 (Chicago)
7360:
7334:
7321:
7308:
7295:
7282:
7269:
7256:
7243:
7229:
7227:
7203:
7202:
7200:
7199:
7198:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7166:
7163:
7162:
7153:
7152:
7145:
7138:
7130:
7121:
7120:
7118:
7117:
7106:
7095:
7083:
7082:
7076:
7070:
7064:
7058:
7052:
7046:
7040:
7034:
7028:
7021:
7018:
7017:
7010:
7008:
7006:
7005:
7004:(2023–present)
6995:
6985:
6975:
6965:
6955:
6945:
6935:
6925:
6915:
6905:
6895:
6885:
6875:
6865:
6855:
6845:
6835:
6825:
6815:
6805:
6795:
6785:
6775:
6765:
6755:
6745:
6735:
6725:
6715:
6705:
6695:
6685:
6675:
6665:
6655:
6613:
6603:
6593:
6583:
6573:
6563:
6553:
6543:
6533:
6523:
6513:
6503:
6493:
6483:
6473:
6463:
6453:
6443:
6433:
6423:
6413:
6403:
6393:
6383:
6373:
6363:
6353:
6343:
6333:
6323:
6313:
6303:
6293:
6283:
6273:
6263:
6253:
6243:
6233:
6223:
6213:
6203:
6193:
6183:
6173:
6163:
6153:
6143:
6133:
6123:
6113:
6103:
6093:
6083:
6073:
6063:
6053:
6043:
6033:
6023:
6013:
6003:
5993:
5983:
5973:
5963:
5953:
5943:
5933:
5923:
5913:
5903:
5893:
5882:
5879:
5878:
5871:
5870:
5863:
5856:
5848:
5839:
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5836:
5835:
5830:
5825:
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5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5739:
5737:
5736:(1947–present)
5731:
5730:
5728:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5571:
5569:
5563:
5562:
5555:
5553:
5551:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5374:
5372:
5366:
5365:
5357:
5356:
5349:
5342:
5334:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5225:
5223:
5219:
5218:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
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5166:
5161:
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5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
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5073:
5066:
5058:
5049:
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5045:
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5042:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4870:
4868:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4730:
4728:
4717:
4716:(1947–present)
4707:
4706:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4667:
4665:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4522:
4520:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4222:
4220:
4209:
4199:
4198:
4187:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4164:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
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4076:
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3790:
3780:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3747:
3737:
3727:
3717:
3707:
3697:
3687:
3677:
3667:
3660:Walter Mondale
3657:
3647:
3637:
3627:
3617:
3607:
3597:
3583:
3569:
3559:
3549:
3542:Herbert Hoover
3539:
3529:
3519:
3509:
3499:
3489:
3479:
3461:
3451:
3441:
3431:
3421:
3411:
3404:Horace Greeley
3401:
3391:
3381:
3371:
3361:
3354:Winfield Scott
3351:
3341:
3331:
3321:
3311:
3301:
3283:
3273:
3266:Andrew Jackson
3263:
3253:
3246:DeWitt Clinton
3243:
3229:
3219:
3208:
3207:
3200:
3199:
3192:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3169:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3133:
3115:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3092:
3089:Charles Stuart
3072:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3054:
3044:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3026:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2981:
2972:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2954:Jeremiah Black
2952:
2949:
2940:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2922:
2913:
2910:David Atchison
2908:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2895:
2886:
2879:Roger B. Taney
2877:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2864:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2826:
2825:
2816:
2808:
2807:External links
2805:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2788:
2758:
2749:
2720:
2713:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2690:
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2199:
2158:
2141:
2098:
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2030:
2018:
2007:
1987:
1958:
1932:
1923:
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1619:
1589:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1550:Casstown, Ohio
1546:
1534:
1499:
1496:
1492:North Carolina
1490:, represented
1445:
1442:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1408:
1401:
1398:Lewis Cass Jr.
1395:
1392:
1369:Joseph Spencer
1364:
1361:
1355:in June 1858.
1329:William Walker
1321:Hiram Paulding
1279:James Buchanan
1272: 1860-65
1256:
1253:
1228:Zachary Taylor
1162:
1159:
1134:
1131:
1110:Indian removal
1106:Andrew Jackson
1088:
1085:
997:
994:
977:
974:
968:
965:
955:
952:
914:
911:
909:
906:
892:He joined the
874:
871:
819:
816:
789:Zachary Taylor
753:Indian removal
696:, he attended
687:states' rights
664:James Buchanan
660:Andrew Jackson
639:
638:
635:
634:
633:
632:
627:
626:
625:
608:
604:
603:
598:
594:
593:
588:
584:
583:
580:
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562:
561:Branch/service
558:
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527:
523:
522:
519:
515:
514:
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495:
491:
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483:
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473:
467:(aged 83)
461:
457:
456:
441:
437:
436:
432:
431:
428:
427:
417:
416:
412:Member of the
409:
408:
403:
397:
396:
391:
385:
384:
379:
373:
372:
362:
361:
350:
349:
344:
338:
337:
332:Roger B. Taney
329:
323:
322:
320:Andrew Jackson
317:
313:
312:
302:
301:
294:
293:
288:
282:
281:
276:
270:
269:
255:Andrew Jackson
252:
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126:
125:
115:
114:
108:
107:
105:Jeremiah Black
102:
96:
95:
90:
84:
83:
81:James Buchanan
78:
74:
73:
63:
62:
55:
54:
51:
50:
41:
33:
32:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
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2:
13362:
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13343:
13341:
13338:
13336:
13333:
13331:
13328:
13326:
13323:
13321:
13318:
13316:
13313:
13311:
13308:
13306:
13303:
13301:
13298:
13296:
13293:
13291:
13288:
13286:
13283:
13281:
13278:
13276:
13273:
13271:
13268:
13266:
13263:
13261:
13258:
13256:
13253:
13251:
13248:
13246:
13243:
13241:
13238:
13236:
13233:
13231:
13228:
13226:
13223:
13221:
13218:
13216:
13213:
13211:
13208:
13206:
13203:
13201:
13198:
13197:
13195:
13174:
13171:
13169:
13165:
13162:
13161:
13158:
13148:
13145:
13144:
13142:
13138:
13132:
13131:
13126:
13124:
13123:
13118:
13117:
13115:
13111:
13108:
13106:
13105:
13100:
13090:
13087:
13085:
13082:
13080:
13077:
13075:
13072:
13071:
13069:
13065:
13059:
13058:
13053:
13051:
13050:
13045:
13044:
13042:
13038:
13035:
13032:
13027:
13026:
13021:
13010:
13007:
13005:
13002:
13000:
12997:
12996:
12994:
12990:
12984:
12983:
12978:
12976:
12975:
12970:
12969:
12967:
12963:
12960:
12957:
12952:
12951:
12946:
12941:
12937:
12933:
12925:
12920:
12918:
12913:
12911:
12906:
12905:
12902:
12890:
12887:
12885:
12881:
12878:
12877:
12874:
12864:
12863:
12858:
12856:
12855:
12850:
12849:
12847:
12843:
12840:
12838:
12837:
12832:
12822:
12819:
12816:
12813:
12811:
12808:
12806:
12803:
12801:
12798:
12797:
12795:
12791:
12785:
12784:
12779:
12777:
12776:
12771:
12770:
12768:
12764:
12761:
12758:
12753:
12752:
12747:
12737:
12734:
12732:
12729:
12727:
12724:
12722:
12719:
12718:
12716:
12712:
12706:
12705:
12700:
12698:
12697:
12692:
12691:
12689:
12685:
12682:
12679:
12674:
12673:
12668:
12663:
12659:
12655:
12647:
12642:
12640:
12635:
12633:
12628:
12627:
12624:
12612:
12609:
12607:
12603:
12600:
12599:
12596:
12586:
12583:
12581:
12578:
12577:
12575:
12571:
12565:
12564:
12559:
12557:
12556:
12551:
12550:
12548:
12544:
12541:
12538:
12533:
12532:
12527:
12517:
12514:
12512:
12511:Levi Woodbury
12509:
12507:
12504:
12503:
12501:
12497:
12491:
12490:
12485:
12483:
12482:
12477:
12476:
12474:
12470:
12467:
12464:
12459:
12458:
12453:
12443:
12440:
12438:
12435:
12433:
12430:
12428:
12425:
12424:
12422:
12418:
12412:
12411:
12406:
12404:
12403:
12398:
12397:
12395:
12391:
12388:
12385:
12380:
12379:
12374:
12369:
12365:
12361:
12353:
12348:
12346:
12341:
12339:
12334:
12333:
12330:
12318:
12315:
12313:
12309:
12306:
12305:
12302:
12292:
12291:Sidney Rigdon
12289:
12286:
12282:
12279:
12278:
12277:
12276:
12272:
12269:
12268:
12266:
12264:
12260:
12254:
12253:
12252:Thomas Morris
12248:
12246:
12245:
12240:
12239:
12237:
12235:
12234:Liberty Party
12231:
12226:
12222:
12217:
12213:
12203:
12202:John Sargeant
12200:
12198:
12195:
12193:
12190:
12187:
12186:
12184:
12180:
12174:
12173:
12168:
12166:
12165:
12160:
12159:
12157:
12153:
12150:
12147:
12142:
12141:
12136:
12126:
12123:
12121:
12118:
12116:
12113:
12111:
12108:
12107:
12105:
12101:
12095:
12094:
12089:
12085:
12082:
12081:
12080:
12079:
12078:James K. Polk
12074:
12073:
12071:
12067:
12064:
12061:
12056:
12055:
12050:
12045:
12041:
12037:
12029:
12024:
12022:
12017:
12015:
12010:
12009:
12006:
11994:
11991:
11989:
11986:
11984:
11981:
11979:
11976:
11974:
11971:
11967:
11964:
11962:
11959:
11958:
11957:
11954:
11953:
11951:
11947:
11941:
11938:
11936:
11933:
11931:
11928:
11926:
11923:
11919:
11916:
11915:
11914:
11911:
11910:
11908:
11904:
11897:
11894:
11891:
11888:
11885:
11882:
11879:
11876:
11873:
11870:
11867:
11864:
11861:
11858:
11855:
11852:
11849:
11846:
11843:
11840:
11837:
11834:
11831:
11828:
11825:
11822:
11819:
11816:
11813:
11810:
11807:
11804:
11801:
11798:
11795:
11792:
11789:
11786:
11783:
11780:
11777:
11774:
11771:
11768:
11765:
11762:
11759:
11758:Fort McIntosh
11756:
11753:
11750:
11747:
11744:
11743:
11741:
11735:
11729:
11728:George Winter
11726:
11724:
11721:
11719:
11716:
11714:
11711:
11709:
11706:
11704:
11701:
11700:
11698:
11692:
11686:
11685:David Wallace
11683:
11681:
11678:
11676:
11673:
11671:
11668:
11666:
11663:
11661:
11658:
11656:
11653:
11651:
11650:James Gadsden
11648:
11646:
11643:
11641:
11638:
11637:
11635:
11629:
11622:
11619:
11616:
11613:
11610:
11607:
11604:
11601:
11598:
11595:
11592:
11589:
11586:
11583:
11580:
11577:
11575:
11572:
11571:
11569:
11565:
11559:
11558:
11554:
11552:
11549:
11547:
11544:
11542:
11539:
11538:
11536:
11532:
11526:
11525:Seminole Wars
11523:
11520:
11517:
11514:
11511:
11508:
11505:
11502:
11499:
11496:
11493:
11490:
11487:
11484:
11481:
11478:
11475:
11474:
11472:
11466:
11462:
11455:
11450:
11448:
11443:
11441:
11436:
11435:
11432:
11419:
11416:
11415:
11413:
11411:
11407:
11400:
11397:
11396:
11394:
11392:
11388:
11381:
11378:
11375:
11372:
11369:
11366:
11365:
11363:
11361:
11357:
11350:
11349:Edwin Stanton
11347:
11344:
11341:
11340:
11338:
11336:
11332:
11325:
11322:
11319:
11318:John B. Floyd
11316:
11315:
11313:
11311:
11307:
11300:
11297:
11294:
11291:
11288:
11285:
11284:
11282:
11280:
11276:
11260:
11257:
11254:
11251:
11250:
11248:
11246:
11242:
11237:
11234:
11230:
11223:
11218:
11216:
11211:
11209:
11204:
11203:
11200:
11187:
11184:
11181:
11180:Levi Woodbury
11178:
11175:
11172:
11171:
11169:
11167:
11163:
11156:
11153:
11150:
11147:
11146:
11144:
11142:
11138:
11131:
11128:
11125:
11122:
11119:
11116:
11115:
11113:
11111:
11107:
11100:
11097:
11094:
11091:
11090:
11088:
11086:
11082:
11075:
11074:Levi Woodbury
11072:
11069:
11066:
11063:
11060:
11057:
11054:
11051:
11048:
11047:
11045:
11043:
11039:
11023:
11020:
11017:
11014:
11011:
11008:
11005:
11002:
11001:
10999:
10997:
10993:
10988:
10985:
10981:
10974:
10969:
10967:
10962:
10960:
10955:
10954:
10951:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10894:
10891:
10889:
10886:
10884:
10881:
10879:
10876:
10874:
10871:
10869:
10866:
10864:
10861:
10859:
10856:
10854:
10851:
10849:
10846:
10844:
10841:
10839:
10836:
10834:
10831:
10829:
10826:
10822:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10809:
10807:
10804:
10802:
10799:
10797:
10794:
10792:
10789:
10787:
10784:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10769:
10767:
10764:
10762:
10759:
10757:
10754:
10752:
10749:
10748:
10746:
10736:
10730:
10727:
10725:
10722:
10720:
10717:
10715:
10712:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10685:
10682:
10680:
10677:
10675:
10672:
10670:
10667:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10653:
10648:
10645:
10643:
10640:
10636:
10631:
10628:
10626:
10623:
10621:
10618:
10616:
10613:
10612:
10610:
10600:
10594:
10591:
10589:
10586:
10582:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10562:
10559:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10549:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10533:
10531:
10523:
10518:
10508:
10504:
10500:
10496:
10493:
10492:
10490:
10482:
10476:
10471:
10466:
10457:
10452:
10450:
10445:
10443:
10438:
10437:
10434:
10418:
10415:
10413:
10410:
10409:
10407:
10403:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10359:
10357:
10354:
10352:
10349:
10348:
10346:
10342:
10336:
10333:
10331:
10328:
10326:
10323:
10321:
10318:
10316:
10313:
10311:
10308:
10306:
10303:
10301:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10281:
10278:
10276:
10273:
10272:
10270:
10266:
10263:
10261:
10260:United States
10257:
10251:
10248:
10246:
10243:
10241:
10238:
10236:
10233:
10231:
10228:
10226:
10223:
10221:
10218:
10216:
10213:
10211:
10208:
10206:
10203:
10201:
10198:
10196:
10193:
10191:
10190:Iroquois Wars
10188:
10186:
10183:
10181:
10178:
10176:
10173:
10172:
10170:
10168:
10164:
10158:
10155:
10153:
10150:
10148:
10145:
10143:
10140:
10138:
10135:
10133:
10130:
10128:
10125:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10109:
10107:
10105:
10101:
10095:
10092:
10090:
10087:
10085:
10082:
10080:
10077:
10075:
10072:
10070:
10067:
10065:
10062:
10060:
10057:
10055:
10052:
10051:
10049:
10047:
10043:
10039:
10035:
10028:
10023:
10021:
10016:
10014:
10009:
10008:
10005:
9995:
9990:
9982:
9979:
9978:
9977:
9974:
9970:
9967:
9966:
9965:
9962:
9958:
9955:
9954:
9953:
9950:
9946:
9943:
9942:
9941:
9938:
9934:
9931:
9929:
9926:
9925:
9924:
9921:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9908:
9907:
9904:
9900:
9897:
9896:
9895:
9892:
9888:
9885:
9884:
9883:
9880:
9876:
9873:
9872:
9871:
9868:
9866:
9863:
9861:
9858:
9856:
9853:
9851:
9848:
9846:
9843:
9841:
9838:
9836:
9833:
9831:
9828:
9826:
9823:
9821:
9818:
9816:
9813:
9811:
9808:
9806:
9803:
9801:
9798:
9796:
9793:
9791:
9788:
9786:
9783:
9781:
9778:
9776:
9773:
9771:
9768:
9766:
9763:
9761:
9758:
9756:
9753:
9751:
9748:
9746:
9743:
9741:
9738:
9736:
9733:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9721:
9718:
9716:
9713:
9711:
9708:
9706:
9703:
9701:
9700:Frelinghuysen
9698:
9696:
9693:
9691:
9688:
9686:
9683:
9681:
9678:
9676:
9673:
9671:
9668:
9666:
9663:
9661:
9658:
9656:
9653:
9651:
9648:
9646:
9643:
9641:
9638:
9636:
9633:
9631:
9628:
9626:
9623:
9621:
9618:
9616:
9613:
9611:
9610:E. Livingston
9608:
9606:
9603:
9601:
9598:
9596:
9593:
9591:
9588:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9557:
9555:
9551:
9547:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9526:R. Livingston
9524:
9523:
9521:
9517:
9513:
9509:
9502:
9497:
9495:
9490:
9488:
9483:
9482:
9479:
9467:
9464:
9462:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9452:
9449:
9447:
9444:
9442:
9441:Superdelegate
9439:
9437:
9434:
9432:
9429:
9427:
9424:
9423:
9421:
9417:
9407:
9404:
9402:
9399:
9395:
9392:
9391:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9380:
9377:
9375:
9372:
9371:
9369:
9365:
9359:
9356:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9334:
9331:
9329:
9326:
9325:
9323:
9319:
9311:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9287:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9274:
9271:
9269:
9266:
9265:
9264:
9263:Senate Caucus
9261:
9260:
9258:
9254:
9251:
9249:
9243:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9209:
9207:
9204:
9202:
9199:
9197:
9194:
9192:
9191:West Virginia
9189:
9187:
9184:
9182:
9179:
9177:
9174:
9172:
9169:
9167:
9164:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9152:
9149:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9096:New Hampshire
9094:
9092:
9089:
9087:
9084:
9082:
9079:
9077:
9074:
9072:
9069:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9057:
9056:Massachusetts
9054:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8992:
8989:
8987:
8984:
8982:
8979:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8957:
8954:
8953:
8951:
8949:
8941:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8915:
8912:
8910:
8907:
8905:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8870:
8868:
8865:
8863:
8860:
8858:
8855:
8853:
8850:
8848:
8845:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8825:
8823:
8820:
8818:
8815:
8813:
8810:
8808:
8805:
8803:
8800:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8790:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8770:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8753:
8750:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8708:
8705:
8703:
8700:
8698:
8695:
8693:
8690:
8688:
8685:
8683:
8680:
8678:
8675:
8673:
8670:
8669:
8667:
8665:
8658:
8651:
8648:
8645:
8642:
8639:
8636:
8633:
8630:
8627:
8624:
8621:
8618:
8615:
8612:
8609:
8606:
8603:
8600:
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8199:
8196:
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8192:L. B. Johnson
8190:
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8004:2008 (Denver)
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3601:
3600:Richard Nixon
3598:
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3522:John W. Davis
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3098:
3091:
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3086:
3085:Alpheus Felch
3078:
3077:
3070:
3064:
3060:
3059:Thomas Benton
3051:
3050:
3047:Chair of the
3042:
3041:Thomas Benton
3036:
3032:
3025:
3024:
3023:Alpheus Felch
3020:
3012:
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2995:
2991:
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2937:William Marcy
2932:
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2919:
2918:
2911:
2905:
2901:
2900:Joel Poinsett
2892:
2891:
2880:
2874:
2870:
2869:George Porter
2861:
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2779:on 2007-12-14
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2086:
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2072:
2063:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2047:0-8131-1772-0
2044:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2000:
1999:
1991:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1955:
1954:1-59114-362-4
1951:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1927:
1918:
1909:
1895:on 2016-09-21
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1564:, as well as
1563:
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1455:
1451:
1450:Cass Canfield
1441:
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1435:
1431:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1412:Henry Ledyard
1409:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1377:major general
1374:
1370:
1363:Personal life
1360:
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1229:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1201:1848 election
1197:
1195:
1194:30th Congress
1191:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1175:James K. Polk
1172:
1168:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
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1128:
1124:
1120:
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1103:
1098:
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1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1007:
1006:James Madison
1004:by President
1003:
993:
991:
987:
983:
973:
964:
961:
951:
949:
944:
940:
936:
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868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
843:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
815:
813:
809:
808:Latin America
805:
801:
797:
792:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:James K. Polk
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
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636:
631:
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619:
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613:
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602:
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581:
577:
574:
563:
559:
556:
555:United States
545:
541:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
492:Eliza Spencer
489:
485:
482:
479:
475:
471:
463:June 17, 1866
462:
458:
454:
442:
438:
433:
429:
423:
418:
415:
410:
407:
406:George Porter
404:
398:
395:
392:
386:
383:
382:James Madison
380:
374:
368:
363:
360:
356:
351:
348:
345:
339:
333:
330:
324:
321:
318:
314:
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127:
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116:
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109:
106:
103:
97:
94:
93:William Marcy
91:
85:
82:
79:
75:
69:
64:
61:
56:
52:
39:
34:
27:
22:
13163:
13127:
13119:
13102:
13054:
13046:
13023:
12998:
12979:
12971:
12948:
12940:1860 →
12932:← 1852
12879:
12859:
12854:John P. Hale
12851:
12834:
12805:Rufus Choate
12800:Edward Bates
12780:
12772:
12749:
12725:
12701:
12693:
12670:
12662:1856 →
12654:← 1848
12601:
12580:John P. Hale
12560:
12552:
12529:
12486:
12480:
12478:
12455:
12407:
12399:
12376:
12368:1852 →
12360:← 1844
12307:
12287:
12275:Joseph Smith
12273:
12270:
12263:Reform Party
12249:
12241:
12188:
12169:
12161:
12138:
12119:
12090:
12075:
12052:
12044:1848 →
12036:← 1840
11806:Doak's Stand
11800:Creek Agency
11794:Fort Jackson
11670:James Monroe
11644:
11555:
11399:Isaac Toucey
11380:Horatio King
11252:
11155:Amos Kendall
11098:
11056:Louis McLane
11022:John Forsyth
11016:Louis McLane
10820:
10658:
10651:
10634:
10580:
10411:
10356:Chicago Road
10059:Paleo-Indian
9664:
9280:House Caucus
9156:South Dakota
9146:Rhode Island
9141:Pennsylvania
9121:North Dakota
8251:A. Stevenson
8109:Presidential
7743:Stevenson II
7723:Stevenson II
7349:Breckinridge
7332:Breckinridge
7301:
7279:
7223:presidential
7214:presidential
6339:
5422:
5118:
5108:
4889:A. Alexander
4794:C. Alexander
4581:Breckinridge
4295:
3900:(since 1837)
3863:
3848:Territorial
3750:Donald Trump
3650:Jimmy Carter
3512:James M. Cox
3343:
3117:
3083:
3074:
3046:
3017:
3008:
2986:William King
2974:
2942:
2927:Jesse Bright
2915:
2888:
2857:
2852:William Hull
2823:Find a Grave
2781:. Retrieved
2777:the original
2767:
2763:"Lewis Cass"
2754:
2731:(1): 64–81.
2728:
2724:
2716:
2706:
2695:Bibliography
2682:. Retrieved
2678:
2669:
2657:. Retrieved
2653:
2644:
2633:. Retrieved
2629:
2619:
2608:. Retrieved
2606:. 2019-11-27
2603:
2594:
2583:. Retrieved
2579:
2570:
2559:. Retrieved
2555:
2546:
2536:
2529:
2519:
2513:
2502:. Retrieved
2498:
2489:
2478:. Retrieved
2474:
2465:
2445:
2438:
2426:. Retrieved
2418:
2405:
2393:. Retrieved
2387:
2380:
2370:
2363:
2351:. Retrieved
2338:
2331:
2323:
2316:
2306:
2299:
2287:. Retrieved
2281:
2274:
2262:. Retrieved
2255:
2246:
2237:
2209:
2202:
2178:22 September
2176:. Retrieved
2171:
2161:
2154:OCLC 4377268
2149:
2144:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2089:. Retrieved
2085:the original
2078:
2071:
2062:
2038:
2033:
2025:Lewis Cass.
2021:
2013:Google Books
2011:– via
1997:
1990:
1978:. Retrieved
1973:
1945:
1926:
1917:
1908:
1897:. Retrieved
1893:the original
1862:. Retrieved
1857:
1833:. Retrieved
1825:
1803:, retrieved
1801:, 2022-01-13
1798:
1789:
1730:
1722:Publications
1542:
1538:Liberty ship
1527:U.S. Capitol
1485:
1462:
1447:
1440:in Detroit.
1427:
1366:
1357:
1353:protectorate
1314:
1292:
1276:
1265:Mathew Brady
1225:
1198:
1179:
1164:
1136:
1092:
1090:
1066:
1031:
1027:James Monroe
1011:
999:
982:Regular Army
979:
970:
957:
948:William Hull
943:James Miller
916:
902:Grand Master
891:
887:U.S. Marshal
876:
844:
821:
793:
746:
710:U.S. Marshal
691:
643:
642:
610:
607:Battles/wars
465:(1866-06-17)
421:
401:Succeeded by
394:William Hull
377:Appointed by
366:
342:Succeeded by
306:
291:William King
286:Succeeded by
241:
224:Succeeded by
201:
189:Succeeded by
166:
147:Jesse Bright
142:Succeeded by
119:
100:Succeeded by
67:
13205:1866 deaths
13200:1782 births
13120:President:
13084:John McLean
13047:President:
13011:(incumbent)
12972:President:
12852:President:
12817:(incumbent)
12773:President:
12694:President:
12553:President:
12479:President:
12400:President:
12242:President:
12225:independent
12221:Third-party
12162:President:
12076:President:
11918:in Oklahoma
11790:(1804–1811)
11680:John Tipton
11593:(1836–1839)
11587:(1831–1838)
11581:(1831–1833)
11541:Removal Act
11521:(1817–1818)
11420:(1857–1861)
11401:(1857–1861)
11376:(1859–1860)
11374:Joseph Holt
11370:(1857–1859)
11351:(1860–1861)
11345:(1857–1860)
11326:(1860–1861)
11324:Joseph Holt
11320:(1857–1860)
11295:(1860–1861)
11289:(1857–1860)
11287:Howell Cobb
11261:(1860–1861)
11255:(1857–1860)
11238:(1857–1861)
11188:(1834–1837)
11182:(1831–1834)
11176:(1829–1831)
11174:John Branch
11157:(1835–1837)
11151:(1829–1835)
11132:(1833–1837)
11126:(1831–1833)
11120:(1829–1831)
11101:(1831–1836)
11095:(1829–1831)
11076:(1834–1837)
11070:(1833–1834)
11058:(1831–1833)
11052:(1829–1831)
11024:(1834–1837)
11018:(1833–1834)
11012:(1831–1833)
11006:(1829–1831)
10989:(1829–1837)
10608:(1816–1893)
10529:(1778–1815)
10488:(1776–1779)
10417:Gerald Ford
10366:Auto Makers
9870:Christopher
9865:Eagleburger
9805:G. Marshall
9575:J. Marshall
9321:Fundraising
9226:Puerto Rico
9071:Mississippi
8986:Connecticut
8946:territorial
8646:(2005–2017)
8640:(1995–2005)
8634:(1989–1995)
8628:(1977–1989)
8622:(1961–1977)
8616:(1953–1961)
8610:(1951–1953)
8604:(1949–1951)
8598:(1937–1949)
8592:(1923–1937)
8586:(1920–1923)
8580:(1919–1920)
8574:(1917–1919)
8568:(1913–1917)
8562:(1911–1913)
8556:(1909–1911)
8550:(1907–1909)
8544:(1906–1907)
8538:(1903–1906)
8532:(1899–1903)
8530:J. K. Jones
8526:(1898–1899)
8520:(1890–1898)
8514:(1885–1890)
8508:(1881–1885)
8502:(1877–1881)
8496:(1873–1877)
8476:U.S. Senate
8461:(2003–2023)
8455:(1995–2003)
8449:(1989–1995)
8443:(1987–1989)
8437:(1977–1987)
8431:(1971–1977)
8425:(1962–1971)
8419:(1940–1961)
8413:(1936–1940)
8407:(1935–1936)
8401:(1933–1934)
8395:(1929–1933)
8389:(1923–1929)
8383:(1921–1923)
8377:(1909–1921)
8371:(1903–1909)
8365:(1897–1903)
8359:(1895–1897)
8353:(1891–1895)
8347:(1889–1891)
8341:(1883–1889)
8335:(1876–1881)
8329:(1875–1876)
8323:(1873–1875)
8317:(1869–1871)
8307:(1859–1861)
8301:(1857–1859)
8295:(1855–1857)
8293:G. W. Jones
8289:(1851–1855)
8283:(1849–1851)
8277:(1845–1847)
8271:(1843–1845)
8269:J. W. Jones
8265:(1835–1839)
8259:(1834–1835)
8253:(1827–1834)
8212:(2009–2017)
8206:(1993–2001)
8200:(1977–1981)
8194:(1963–1969)
8188:(1961–1963)
8182:(1945–1953)
8168:Roosevelt (
8165:(1913–1921)
8153:(1868–1869)
8147:(1857–1861)
8141:(1853–1857)
8135:(1845–1849)
8129:(1837–1841)
8123:(1829–1837)
7488:Stevenson I
7462:Stevenson I
7233:1828 (None)
7209:conventions
7081:Independent
6994:(2021–2023)
6984:(2019–2021)
6974:(2015–2019)
6964:(2012–2015)
6954:(2010–2012)
6944:(2007–2010)
6934:(2003–2007)
6924:(2001–2003)
6894:(1995–2001)
6884:(1989–1995)
6874:(1987–1989)
6864:(1981–1987)
6854:(1980–1981)
6834:(1979–1980)
6824:(1972–1978)
6814:(1971–1972)
6804:(1969–1971)
6794:(1957–1969)
6784:(1955–1957)
6774:(1953–1955)
6764:(1949–1953)
6754:(1947–1949)
6744:(1945–1947)
6734:(1941–1945)
6714:(1940–1941)
6704:(1933–1940)
6694:(1925–1933)
6684:(1919–1925)
6674:(1916–1919)
6664:(1913–1916)
6654:(1911–1913)
6612:(1896–1911)
6582:(1893–1895)
6572:(1891–1893)
6562:(1887–1891)
6552:(1885–1887)
6542:(1883–1885)
6532:(1881–1883)
6512:(1879–1880)
6502:(1875–1879)
6482:(1873–1875)
6472:(1869–1873)
6462:(1867–1869)
6452:(1865–1867)
6442:(1864–1865)
6432:(1861–1864)
6420:Fitzpatrick
6402:(1857–1860)
6400:Fitzpatrick
6372:(1856–1857)
6352:(1854–1856)
6332:(1852–1854)
6322:(1850–1852)
6312:(1846–1849)
6292:(1842–1845)
6282:(1841–1842)
6272:(1836–1841)
6242:(1832–1833)
6230:L. Tazewell
6222:(1828–1831)
6212:(1826–1827)
6202:(1820–1825)
6182:(1814–1819)
6172:(1813–1814)
6162:(1812–1813)
6112:(1808–1809)
6102:(1805–1808)
6072:(1803–1804)
6062:(1802–1803)
6052:(1801–1802)
5930:H. Tazewell
5912:(1792–1793)
5758:Saltonstall
5615:R. Williams
5568:(1816–1947)
5523:Chamberlain
5388:J. Williams
5378:J. Williams
5371:(1816–1947)
5149:Stockbridge
5129:Christiancy
4866:of the Army
4726:of the Army
4724:Secretaries
4713:of the Army
4331:G. Crawford
4271:W. Crawford
4216:Secretaries
4208:(1789–1947)
4094:Van Wagoner
3730:Mitt Romney
3720:John McCain
3640:Gerald Ford
2994:U.S. Senate
1864:22 February
1666:. However,
1444:Descendants
1317:filibusters
1310: 1873
1067:Though the
1062:Lake Itasca
1038:Great Lakes
939:Fort Malden
919:War of 1812
908:War of 1812
840:Bunker Hill
804:filibusters
726:War of 1812
612:War of 1812
389:Preceded by
327:Preceded by
274:Preceded by
212:Preceded by
177:Preceded by
130:Preceded by
88:Preceded by
47: 1855
13194:Categories
13147:George Law
13031:Convention
12999:Lewis Cass
12956:Convention
12757:Convention
12751:Whig Party
12726:Lewis Cass
12678:Convention
12537:Convention
12481:Lewis Cass
12463:Convention
12427:Henry Clay
12384:Convention
12378:Whig Party
12271:President:
12227:candidates
12192:John Davis
12164:Henry Clay
12146:Convention
12140:Whig Party
12120:Lewis Cass
12060:Convention
11866:New Echota
11776:Greenville
11645:Lewis Cass
11253:Lewis Cass
11099:Lewis Cass
11093:John Eaton
10642:Livingston
10566:Livingston
10412:Lewis Cass
10376:Willow Run
10315:Toledo War
10275:Jay Treaty
10240:Quebec Act
10195:New France
10157:Sac (Sauk)
10152:Potawatomi
10074:Algonquian
10054:Glaciation
9795:Stettinius
9246:Affiliated
9186:Washington
9106:New Mexico
9101:New Jersey
8976:California
8363:Richardson
8227:U.S. House
8151:A. Johnson
8048:H. Clinton
7948:B. Clinton
7928:B. Clinton
7783:L. Johnson
7767:L. Johnson
7345:H. Johnson
7267:R. Johnson
7075:Republican
7069:Democratic
7051:Jacksonian
7039:Federalist
6752:Vandenberg
6712:W. H. King
6320:W. R. King
6270:W. R. King
6250:Poindexter
5413:Crittenden
5234:Woodbridge
5174:Vandenberg
5114:Fitzgerald
4899:E. Johnson
4711:Department
4636:L. Johnson
4601:Wainwright
4566:Meiklejohn
4401:R. Lincoln
4386:J. Cameron
4356:S. Cameron
4226:B. Lincoln
4203:Department
4084:Fitzgerald
4074:Fitzgerald
3949:McClelland
3914:Woodbridge
3788:Presidents
3710:John Kerry
3552:Alf Landon
3344:Lewis Cass
3286:Henry Clay
3256:Rufus King
3222:John Adams
3119:Democratic
3112:James Polk
3053:1847–1848
2980:1836–1842
2948:1857–1860
2894:1831–1836
2863:1813–1831
2819:Lewis Cass
2783:2010-06-15
2684:2021-04-06
2635:2024-04-10
2610:2024-04-10
2585:2024-04-10
2561:2024-04-10
2504:2024-04-10
2480:2024-04-10
2346:. p.
2150:Lewis Cass
1980:August 24,
1899:2012-12-21
1805:2022-07-04
1782:References
1570:Cass River
1568:, and the
1543:Lewis Cass
1502:See also:
1375:who was a
1173:candidate
1171:dark horse
1034:expedition
917:After the
894:Freemasons
889:for Ohio.
867:Zanesville
818:Early life
714:Freemasons
671:Democratic
644:Lewis Cass
543:Allegiance
481:Democratic
446:1782-10-09
267:John Tyler
30:Lewis Cass
11906:Landbases
11233:President
10984:President
10918:Stapleton
10888:Galbraith
10761:McCormick
10742:to France
10704:Washburne
10606:to France
10571:Armstrong
10541:Jefferson
10527:to France
10486:to France
10335:Civil War
10185:Voyageurs
10175:Fur Trade
10127:Menominee
10122:Mascouten
10089:Territory
9952:Tillerson
9835:Kissinger
9680:Washburne
9605:Van Buren
9570:Pickering
9560:Jefferson
9426:Primaries
9367:Sectional
9196:Wisconsin
9161:Tennessee
9066:Minnesota
9041:Louisiana
8944:State and
8909:McAuliffe
8737:McCormick
8660:Chairs of
8620:Mansfield
8608:McFarland
8584:Underwood
8578:Hitchcock
8542:Blackburn
8506:Pendleton
8423:McCormack
8174:1941–1945
8170:1933–1941
8157:Cleveland
8127:Van Buren
8097:primaries
8077:primaries
8057:primaries
8037:primaries
8017:primaries
7997:primaries
7977:primaries
7972:Lieberman
7957:primaries
7937:primaries
7917:primaries
7897:primaries
7877:primaries
7857:primaries
7837:primaries
7812:primaries
7792:primaries
7772:primaries
7752:primaries
7732:primaries
7712:primaries
7692:primaries
7683:Roosevelt
7672:primaries
7663:Roosevelt
7652:primaries
7643:Roosevelt
7632:primaries
7623:Roosevelt
7612:primaries
7592:primaries
7572:primaries
7567:Roosevelt
7552:primaries
7532:primaries
7458:Cleveland
7445:Cleveland
7436:Hendricks
7432:Cleveland
7410:Hendricks
7371:Pendleton
7367:McClellan
7276:Van Buren
7263:Van Buren
7254:Van Buren
7225:primaries
6672:Saulsbury
6644:Brandegee
6636:Gallinger
6570:Manderson
6480:Carpenter
6040:Hillhouse
6010:Livermore
5940:Livermore
5778:Goldwater
5680:McPherson
5670:McPherson
5630:Fairfield
5585:Pleasants
5528:Wadsworth
5039:Camarillo
5034:McPherson
4954:Augustine
4934:McGiffert
4894:Bendetsen
4671:Patterson
4641:Patterson
4501:Patterson
4446:Dickinson
4366:Schofield
4316:J. Porter
4286:P. Porter
4261:Armstrong
4236:Pickering
4129:Blanchard
4089:Dickinson
4054:Groesbeck
2136:159847026
2128:785915823
1688:, and in
1644:Minnesota
1349:Tamatoa V
1325:Nicaragua
1251:instead.
1245:Baltimore
1054:Cass Lake
1042:Minnesota
679:U.S state
582:1812–1814
526:Signature
426:1806–1807
422:In office
367:In office
316:President
307:In office
251:President
242:In office
202:In office
167:In office
120:In office
77:President
68:In office
13113:Nominees
13040:Nominees
12965:Nominees
12845:Nominees
12766:Nominees
12687:Nominees
12546:Nominees
12472:Nominees
12393:Nominees
12281:campaign
12155:Nominees
12084:campaign
12069:Nominees
10903:Harriman
10848:Houghton
10729:Coolidge
10684:Faulkner
10615:Gallatin
10593:Crawford
10561:Pinckney
10536:Franklin
10495:Franklin
10405:Politics
10344:Industry
10268:Military
10205:Fox Wars
10167:Colonial
10132:Meskwaki
10117:Kickapoo
10069:Woodland
10046:Timeline
10038:Michigan
9882:Albright
9640:Buchanan
9565:Randolph
9285:Factions
9256:Congress
9181:Virginia
9131:Oklahoma
9111:New York
9086:Nebraska
9076:Missouri
9061:Michigan
9051:Maryland
9036:Kentucky
9016:Illinois
8991:Delaware
8981:Colorado
8971:Arkansas
8934:Harrison
8895:Grossman
8837:Westwood
8802:Mitchell
8797:McKinney
8782:Hannegan
8742:Cummings
8632:Mitchell
8590:Robinson
8465:Jeffries
8453:Gephardt
8411:Bankhead
8369:Williams
8339:Carlisle
8234:Speakers
8145:Buchanan
7827:Eagleton
7823:McGovern
7803:Humphrey
7787:Humphrey
7747:Kefauver
7727:Sparkman
7607:Robinson
7587:C. Bryan
7583:J. Davis
7547:Marshall
7527:Marshall
7510:W. Bryan
7501:H. Davis
7484:W. Bryan
7471:W. Bryan
7328:Buchanan
7207:National
7093:Category
6982:Grassley
6912:Thurmond
6892:Thurmond
6862:Thurmond
6852:Magnuson
6832:Magnuson
6822:Eastland
6812:Ellender
6762:McKellar
6742:McKellar
6722:Harrison
6330:Atchison
6310:Atchison
6280:Southard
6200:Gaillard
6180:Gaillard
6160:Crawford
6140:Gaillard
6120:Milledge
6090:Anderson
6080:Franklin
5990:Laurance
5980:Sedgwick
5960:Bradford
5788:Thurmond
5720:Trammell
5605:Southard
5543:Reynolds
5538:Sheppard
5518:Johnston
5493:Walthall
5473:Randolph
5398:Harrison
5304:McNamara
5299:Ferguson
5284:Newberry
5269:McMillan
5204:Stabenow
5164:Townsend
5134:Chandler
5124:Chandler
5029:McCarthy
5014:Westphal
4999:Brownlee
4994:Dahlberg
4924:Ignatius
4909:Finucane
4884:Voorhees
4849:McCarthy
4789:Hoffmann
4784:Callaway
4779:Froehlke
4651:Petersen
4631:Woodring
4611:MacNider
4606:D. Davis
4596:Williams
4586:Ingraham
4491:Woodring
4471:D. Davis
4456:Garrison
4406:Endicott
4341:J. Davis
4301:Poinsett
4251:Dearborn
4195:the Army
4139:Granholm
4124:Milliken
4114:Swainson
4109:Williams
4069:Comstock
3989:Croswell
3690:Bob Dole
3532:Al Smith
2794:Archived
2745:20173254
2428:26 April
2395:26 April
2353:26 April
2289:26 April
2188:cite web
1740:See also
1717:in 1826.
1710:in 1820.
1660:Michigan
1656:Illinois
1652:Nebraska
1648:Missouri
1456:, later
1434:Michigan
1182:Michigan
1127:Oklahoma
990:Tecumseh
851:Marietta
787:nominee
692:Born in
652:Michigan
518:Children
355:Governor
335:(Acting)
159:Michigan
11848:Cusseta
11229:Cabinet
10980:Cabinet
10933:McCourt
10928:Hartley
10908:Rohatyn
10893:Rodgers
10883:Hartman
10863:Shriver
10828:Caffery
10806:Bullitt
10791:Herrick
10786:Wallace
10776:Herrick
10694:Bigelow
10576:Russell
10200:Detroit
10084:British
10064:Archaic
10034:History
9976:Blinken
9923:Clinton
9810:Acheson
9785:Stimson
9780:Kellogg
9765:Lansing
9730:Sherman
9720:Gresham
9655:Everett
9650:Webster
9645:Clayton
9635:Calhoun
9625:Webster
9620:Forsyth
9580:Madison
9436:Debates
9419:Related
9201:Wyoming
9176:Vermont
9081:Montana
9021:Indiana
9001:Georgia
8996:Florida
8966:Arizona
8956:Alabama
8948:parties
8900:Rendell
8872:Wilhelm
8842:Strauss
8832:O'Brien
8822:O'Brien
8812:Jackson
8787:McGrath
8732:McCombs
8722:Taggart
8712:Harrity
8687:Belmont
8682:Smalley
8672:Hallett
8652:(2017–)
8650:Schumer
8638:Daschle
8614:Johnson
8596:Barkley
8500:Wallace
8478:leaders
8467:(2023–)
8435:O'Neill
8417:Rayburn
8387:Garrett
8381:Kitchin
8333:Randall
8321:Niblack
8315:Randall
8311:Niblack
8305:Houston
8229:leaders
8218:(2021–)
8204:Clinton
8186:Kennedy
8121:Jackson
7992:Edwards
7912:Bentsen
7908:Dukakis
7892:Ferraro
7888:Mondale
7872:Mondale
7852:Mondale
7831:Shriver
7763:Kennedy
7707:Barkley
7667:Wallace
7449:Thurman
7423:English
7419:Hancock
7393:Greeley
7380:Seymour
7341:Douglas
7250:Jackson
7241:Calhoun
7237:Jackson
7216:tickets
7170:History
7104:Commons
6932:Stevens
6872:Stennis
6802:Russell
6772:Bridges
6702:Pittman
6682:Cummins
6560:Ingalls
6550:Sherman
6540:Edmunds
6510:Thurman
6490:Anthony
6470:Anthony
6190:Barbour
6110:Bradley
6060:Bradley
6050:Baldwin
5950:Bingham
5910:Langdon
5890:Langdon
5768:Stennis
5763:Russell
5753:Russell
5748:Tydings
5715:F. Hale
5705:Swanson
5700:Tillman
5695:Perkins
5690:E. Hale
5685:Cameron
5675:Cameron
5665:Sargent
5650:J. Hale
5645:Mallory
5580:Sanford
5513:du Pont
5503:Proctor
5468:Spencer
5453:Johnson
5438:Shields
5408:Preston
5393:Jackson
5309:Griffin
5289:Couzens
5249:Bingham
5229:Norvell
5222:Class 2
5199:Abraham
5159:Burrows
5139:Baldwin
5092:Class 1
4989:Rostker
4974:Shannon
4964:Ambrose
4959:LaBerge
4854:Wormuth
4839:Fanning
4814:Caldera
4754:Brucker
4749:Stevens
4616:Robbins
4591:Crowell
4541:Wolcott
4496:Stimson
4451:Stimson
4436:W. Taft
4411:Proctor
4391:McCrary
4381:A. Taft
4376:Belknap
4371:Rawlins
4361:Stanton
4321:Wilkins
4311:Spencer
4281:Barbour
4276:Calhoun
4241:McHenry
4149:Whitmer
4064:Brucker
4049:Sleeper
4024:Pingree
3979:Baldwin
3959:Bingham
3954:Parsons
3934:Greenly
3700:Al Gore
3122:nominee
2659:9 March
2264:30 July
2091:9 March
1835:23 June
1636:Indiana
1625:Lansing
1596:Detroit
1430:Detroit
1379:in the
1341:Raiatea
1213:slavery
1192:in the
1184:in the
1165:In the
1141:as the
1097:Indians
724:in the
683:slavery
654:in the
512:
500:
496:
357:of the
13173:Senate
12889:Senate
12611:Senate
12317:Senate
11898:(1857)
11892:(1854)
11886:(1842)
11880:(1842)
11874:(1838)
11868:(1835)
11862:(1832)
11856:(1832)
11850:(1832)
11844:(1831)
11838:(1830)
11832:(1829)
11826:(1829)
11820:(1825)
11814:(1821)
11808:(1820)
11802:(1818)
11796:(1814)
11784:(1796)
11778:(1795)
11772:(1790)
11766:(1788)
11760:(1785)
11754:(1784)
11748:(1768)
11623:(1900)
11617:(1864)
11611:(1863)
11605:(1850)
11599:(1838)
11515:(1817)
11509:(1817)
11503:(1817)
11497:(1816)
11491:(1814)
11485:(1813)
11479:(1813)
11382:(1861)
11301:(1861)
11064:(1833)
10923:Rivkin
10898:Curley
10868:Watson
10858:Bohlen
10843:Dillon
10801:Straus
10756:Porter
10751:Eustis
10719:McLane
10714:Morton
10689:Dayton
10647:Barton
10630:Harris
10588:Barlow
10556:Monroe
10551:Morris
10501:&
10484:Envoys
10104:Native
10079:French
9964:Pompeo
9928:tenure
9911:tenure
9894:Powell
9855:Shultz
9845:Muskie
9830:Rogers
9820:Herter
9815:Dulles
9800:Byrnes
9775:Hughes
9715:Foster
9710:Blaine
9705:Bayard
9695:Blaine
9690:Evarts
9675:Seward
9630:Upshur
9615:McLane
9590:Monroe
9248:groups
9136:Oregon
9091:Nevada
9031:Kansas
9006:Hawaii
8961:Alaska
8904:Andrew
8886:Fowler
8857:Manatt
8847:Curtis
8827:Harris
8817:Bailey
8807:Butler
8777:Walker
8767:Farley
8762:Raskob
8757:Shaver
8702:Barnum
8697:Hewitt
8692:Schell
8677:McLane
8572:Martin
8560:Martin
8536:Gorman
8524:Turpie
8518:Gorman
8486:chairs
8484:Caucus
8459:Pelosi
8441:Wright
8429:Albert
8399:Rainey
8393:Garner
8345:Holman
8243:chairs
8241:Caucus
8198:Carter
8180:Truman
8163:Wilson
8139:Pierce
8088:Harris
8072:Harris
7868:Carter
7848:Carter
7807:Muskie
7703:Truman
7687:Truman
7647:Garner
7627:Garner
7543:Wilson
7523:Wilson
7497:Parker
7475:Sewall
7406:Tilden
7315:Pierce
7306:Butler
7293:Dallas
7113:
7102:
7091:
7002:Murray
7000:
6990:
6980:
6970:
6960:
6952:Inouye
6950:
6940:
6930:
6920:
6914:(2001)
6910:
6904:(2001)
6900:
6890:
6880:
6870:
6860:
6850:
6844:(1980)
6840:
6830:
6820:
6810:
6800:
6792:Hayden
6790:
6782:George
6780:
6770:
6760:
6750:
6740:
6730:
6724:(1941)
6720:
6710:
6700:
6690:
6680:
6670:
6662:Clarke
6660:
6650:
6642:
6634:
6628:Curtis
6626:
6618:
6608:
6602:(1895)
6600:Harris
6598:
6592:(1895)
6590:Ransom
6588:
6580:Harris
6578:
6568:
6558:
6548:
6538:
6528:
6522:(1881)
6520:Bayard
6518:
6508:
6498:
6492:(1875)
6488:
6478:
6468:
6458:
6450:Foster
6448:
6438:
6428:
6422:(1860)
6418:
6412:(1860)
6410:Bright
6408:
6398:
6392:(1857)
6388:
6382:(1857)
6378:
6370:Bright
6368:
6362:(1856)
6360:Stuart
6358:
6350:Bright
6348:
6342:(1854)
6338:
6328:
6318:
6308:
6302:(1845)
6300:Sevier
6298:
6290:Mangum
6288:
6278:
6268:
6262:(1835)
6258:
6252:(1834)
6248:
6238:
6232:(1832)
6228:
6218:
6208:
6198:
6192:(1819)
6188:
6178:
6170:Varnum
6168:
6158:
6152:(1811)
6148:
6142:(1810)
6138:
6132:(1809)
6128:
6122:(1809)
6118:
6108:
6098:
6092:(1805)
6088:
6082:(1804)
6078:
6068:
6058:
6048:
6042:(1801)
6038:
6032:(1800)
6030:Howard
6028:
6022:(1800)
6018:
6012:(1799)
6008:
6002:(1799)
5998:
5992:(1798)
5988:
5982:(1798)
5978:
5972:(1797)
5968:
5962:(1979)
5958:
5952:(1797)
5948:
5942:(1796)
5938:
5932:(1795)
5928:
5922:(1794)
5918:
5908:
5902:(1792)
5898:
5892:(1789)
5888:
5828:Inhofe
5823:McCain
5813:Warner
5803:Warner
5793:Warner
5743:Gurney
5660:Cragin
5655:Grimes
5625:Bayard
5620:Mangum
5600:Dallas
5548:Thomas
5508:Warren
5498:Hawley
5488:Hawley
5483:Sewell
5458:Wilson
5443:Weller
5428:Benton
5418:Benton
5403:Benton
5319:Peters
5264:Palmer
5254:Howard
5244:Stuart
5194:Riegle
5184:Potter
5169:Ferris
5154:Patton
5144:Conger
5104:Porter
5024:Murphy
5019:Carson
4984:Walker
4979:Reeder
4949:Staudt
4944:BeLieu
4914:Milton
4904:Slezak
4874:Draper
4834:McHugh
4824:Harvey
4734:Royall
4681:Draper
4676:Royall
4663:of War
4646:McCloy
4621:Hurley
4576:Oliver
4571:Sanger
4551:Eckert
4536:Tucker
4531:Watson
4518:of War
4506:Royall
4481:Hurley
4441:Wright
4421:Lamont
4416:Elkins
4396:Ramsey
4336:Conrad
4266:Monroe
4256:Eustis
4246:Dexter
4218:of War
4205:of War
4144:Snyder
4134:Engler
4119:Romney
4104:Sigler
4079:Murphy
4044:Ferris
4039:Osborn
4034:Warner
4014:Winans
3999:Begole
3994:Jerome
3984:Bagley
3964:Wisner
3939:Ransom
3919:Gordon
3898:State
3879:Horner
3869:Porter
2883:Acting
2743:
2453:
2134:
2126:
2053:
2045:
2005:
1952:
1662:, and
1560:, and
1414:, the
1333:Mexico
1123:Kansas
800:Mexico
757:France
570:
552:
506:
487:Spouse
472:, U.S.
455:, U.S.
13168:House
12884:House
12606:House
12312:House
10938:Bauer
10913:Leach
10873:Irwin
10853:Gavin
10833:Bruce
10811:Leahy
10781:Sharp
10771:Bacon
10766:White
10709:Noyes
10679:Mason
10674:Rives
10625:Rives
10620:Brown
10546:Short
10507:Adams
10503:Deane
10137:Miami
10094:State
9981:trips
9969:trips
9957:trips
9945:trips
9940:Kerry
9933:trips
9916:trips
9899:trips
9887:trips
9875:trips
9860:Baker
9840:Vance
9770:Colby
9760:Bryan
9750:Bacon
9725:Olney
9670:Black
9660:Marcy
9595:Adams
9585:Smith
9166:Texas
9046:Maine
9011:Idaho
8929:Perez
8919:Kaine
8891:Romer
8877:DeLee
8867:Brown
8852:White
8792:Boyle
8772:Flynn
8747:White
8717:Jones
8707:Brice
8602:Lucas
8554:Money
8447:Foley
8405:Byrns
8375:Clark
8351:Crisp
8275:Davis
8216:Biden
8210:Obama
8068:Biden
8052:Kaine
8032:Biden
8028:Obama
8012:Biden
8008:Obama
7988:Kerry
7603:Smith
7397:Brown
7384:Blair
6992:Leahy
6972:Hatch
6962:Leahy
6842:Young
6732:Glass
6692:Moses
6652:Lodge
6620:Bacon
6530:Davis
6500:Ferry
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