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are relations between word forms rather than sentences. This means that the active-passive relation, for example, is a relation between two types of verb rather than two trees. Active and passive verbs involve alternative mapping of the participants to grammatical functions.
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Through the positing of productive processes in the lexicon and the separation of structure and function, LFG is able to account for syntactic patterns without the use of transformations defined over syntactic structure. For example, in a sentence like
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LFG views language as being made up of multiple dimensions of structure. Each of these dimensions is represented as a distinct structure with its own rules, concepts, and form. The primary structures that have figured in LFG research are:
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as having two functions: question-focus and object. It occupies the position associated in
English with the question-focus function, and the constraints of the language allow it to take on the object function as well.
268:, languages in which the relation between structure and function is less direct than it is in languages like English; for this reason LFG's adherents consider it a more plausible universal model of language.
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theories, which have always involved separate levels of constituent structure representation mapped onto each other sequentially, via transformations. The LFG approach has had particular success with
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and having the rigidity of formalism which computational linguists require. Because of this, computational parsers have been developed and LFG has also been used as the theoretical basis of various
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argument structure (a-structure), a level which represents the number of arguments for a predicate and some aspects of the lexical semantics of these arguments. See
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A central goal in LFG research is to create a model of grammar with a depth which appeals to linguists while at the same time being efficiently
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representation of word order and constituency, and a representation of grammatical functions such as subject and object, similar to
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semantic structure (s-structure), a level which represents the meaning of phrases and sentences. See
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Lexical
Functional Grammar course lectures on YouTube, Prof Miriam Butt, University of Konstanz
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Lexical-Functional
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Another feature of LFG is that grammatical-function changing operations like
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Bresnan, Joan; Asudeh, Ash; Toivonen, Ida; Wechsler, Stephen (2015).
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There are other structures which are hypothesized in LFG work:
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which was current in the late 1970s. It mainly focuses on
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The Oxford
Reference Guide to Lexical Functional Grammar
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The LFG conception of linguistic structure differs from
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Dalrymple, Mary; Lowe, John J.; Mycock, Louise (2019).
126:. The development of the theory was initiated by
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57:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
436:Analyzing Syntax: A Lexical-Functional Approach
171:the representation of grammatical functions (
158:have recently been popular in LFG research).
27:Grammar framework in theoretical linguistics
134:in the 1970s, in reaction to the theory of
458:The Handbook of Lexical Functional Grammar
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438:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
253:The various structures can be said to be
182:the structure of syntactic constituents (
88:Learn how and when to remove this message
497:Proceedings of the annual LFG conference
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502:Julietta Research Group, Lekta Manual
246:morphological structure (m-structure)
492:Lexical Functional Grammar Home Page
339:Head-driven phrase structure grammar
249:phonological structure (p-structure)
150:. There has been little LFG work on
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410:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
243:information structure (i-structure)
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460:. Berlin: Language Science Press.
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396:Series. New York: Academic Press.
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198:For example, in the sentence
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334:syntax-semantics interface
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434:Kroeger, Paul R. (2004).
362:Lexical-Functional Syntax
420:Falk, Yehuda N. (2001).
388:Dalrymple, Mary (2001).
136:transformational grammar
120:phrase structure grammar
43:This article includes a
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116:theoretical linguistics
72:more precise citations.
522:Generative linguistics
456:Dalrymple, M. (2023).
360:Bresnan, Joan (2001).
349:Tree-adjoining grammar
188:phrase structure rules
255:mutually constraining
154:(although ideas from
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314:machine translation
206:such as number and
532:Syntactic theories
527:Grammar frameworks
344:Relational grammar
332:, a theory of the
124:dependency grammar
45:list of references
416:978-0-19-873330-0
282:What did you see?
177:feature structure
156:optimality theory
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78:January 2024
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184:c-structure
173:f-structure
70:introducing
516:Categories
355:References
231:theta-role
144:morphology
262:Chomskyan
216:predicate
152:phonology
148:semantics
424:. CSLI.
324:See also
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162:Overview
212:subject
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