312:
states and became the foundation for a new teacher certification standards related to teaching competencies rather than merely the counting of course credits. She has been instrumental in developing performance assessments that allow teachers to demonstrate their classroom teaching skills as they are applied in practice, as an early member of the
National Board for Professional Teaching Standards and, later as a co-founder of the Performance Assessment for California Teachers (PACT). The PACT consortium, comprising more than 30 university- and school-based teacher preparation programs, has designed and is implementing a performance assessment that examines how teachers plan, teach, and evaluate student learning in the classroom. The PACT assessments are now authorized for use in licensing California teachers.
285:, a blue-ribbon panel whose work put the issue of teaching quality on the map nationally and led to sweeping policy changes affecting teaching and schooling. Under her leadership, the commission carried out a strategy to build understanding and action for leveraging major improvements. The commission developed a national coalition as well as state and local partnerships in more than 25 states that built engagement and commitment to the issue of teacher quality, leading both to legislative changes and organizational reforms of schools and teacher education programs. The commission also carried out a public education campaign that brought the issue of teacher quality to a high level of public visibility. In 2006,
321:
onto college, this new Early
College High school – which admits students by lottery – has created a pipeline to college for more than 90 percent of its graduates. The school, along with seven others, is a professional development school partner with the Stanford Teacher Education Program (STEP), which prepares teachers for high-needs schools. Darling-Hammond led the redesign of the STEP program for this new program, and its successes have been acknowledged through recognition in several studies as one of the nation's top programs.
308:
As Chair of New York State's
Council on Curriculum and Assessment in the early 1990s, she helped to fashion a comprehensive school reform plan for the state that developed new learning standards and curriculum frameworks to focus on learning goals and more performance-oriented assessments. This led to an overhaul of the state Regents examinations as well as innovations in school-based performance assessments and investments in new approaches to professional development.
320:
Darling-Hammond began her career as a public school teacher and has co-founded both a preschool/day care center and a charter public high school serving low-income students of color in East Palo Alto, California. In a community where only a third of students were graduating and almost none were going
307:
While
William F. Russell Professor at Teachers College, Columbia, Darling-Hammond co-founded the National Center for Restructuring Education, Schools, and Teaching (NCREST), which documented highly successful school models and supported a range of school reform initiatives in New York and nationally.
298:
said that
Darling-Hammond was one of the nation's 10 most influential people affecting education policy over the last decade She has received honorary doctorates from seven universities in the United States and abroad. She has also received numerous awards for her work over the course of her career.
324:
Darling-Hammond has worked with dozens of schools and districts around the nation on studying, developing, and scaling up new model schools—as well as launching preparation programs for teachers and leaders. Through the School
Redesign Network (SRN) at Stanford University, she worked with a network
311:
As Chair of the Model
Standards Committee of the Chief State School Officers' Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium (INTASC), she led the development of licensing standards for beginning teachers. These were ultimately incorporated into the licensing standards of more than 40
277:
Darling-Hammond has been engaged in efforts to redesign schools. As Chair of the Model
Standards Committee of the Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium (INTASC), she led the effort to develop licensing standards for beginning teachers. As Chair of the New York State Council on
359:
teachers, were initially less effective than traditionally credentialed teachers and left the teaching profession at higher rates. "Our study doesn't say you shouldn't hire Teach For
America teachers," said Darling-Hammond. "Our study says everyone benefits from preparation, including Teach For
226:. She came to Stanford in 1998. In September 2015, Darling-Hammond launched the Learning Policy Institute, a research and policy think tank, with headquarters in Palo Alto, California, and an office in Washington, D.C. She serves as president and chief executive officer. In 2019 California Gov.
337:
and for the right of all children to well-qualified teachers. She has suggested that, in addition to these major breakthroughs, "We badly need a national policy that enables schools to meet the intellectual demands of the twenty-first century (and) we need to pay off the educational debt to
934:
Leadership for Equity and
Accountability in Districts and Schools (LEADS) is a national network of districts launched in 2006 by the School Redesign Network at Stanford University (SRN) and SRN's parent program, the Stanford Center for Opportunity Policy in Education
384:, chief executive officer of the Chicago Public Schools. Obama eventually chose Duncan for secretary of education. Citing commitments in California, Darling-Hammond later indicated that she would not be taking any other positions in the Obama administration.
328:
Darling-Hammond has said, "Lagging far behind our international peers in educational outcomes--and with one of the most unequal educational systems in the industrialized world--we need, I believe, something much more than and much different from what
171:. She was also the President and CEO of the Learning Policy Institute. She is author or editor of more than 25 books and more than 500 articles on education policy and practice. Her work focuses on school restructuring, teacher education, and
814:"Standard Setting in Teaching: Changes in Licensing, Certification, and Assessment." In Virginia Richardson (ed.), Handbook Of Research On Teaching, 4th Edition, pp. 751-776. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association, 2001.
350:
has brought new talent into the teaching profession, she is better known as a prominent critic of the program. In the spring of 2005, a study published by Stanford researchers including Darling-Hammond, concluded that teachers in
222:. Darling-Hammond was a Senior Social Scientist and Director of the RAND Education and Human Resources Program when she departed for academia in 1989. From 1989 to 1998, Darling-Hammond was a professor of education at
262:
635:
483:
338:
disadvantaged students that has accrued over centuries of unequal access to quality education." She has suggested that federal spending on education is inadequate to achieve the goals of the law.
428:
Powerful Learning: What We Know About Teaching for Understanding." (coauthored with Brigid Barron, P. David Pearson, Alan H. Schoenfeld, Elizabeth K., Stage, Timothy D. Zimmerman, et al.; 2008).
31:
387:
However, Darling-Hammond's involvement in the federal government was not halted with that candidacy. In November 2020, Darling-Hammond was named the volunteer leader of the
706:
New York State Council on Curriculum and Assessment. (1994). Learning-centered curriculum and assessment for New York State. Albany: New York State Education Department.
1178:
1173:
1168:
289:
named the commission's lead report, "What Matters Most: Teaching for America's Future," one of the most influential research studies affecting U.S. education.
278:
Curriculum and Assessment she oversaw the process of developing the state's learning standards, curriculum frameworks, and assessments during the early 1990s.
487:
254:
246:
502:
1193:
1148:
281:
From 1994 to 2001, Darling-Hammond served as executive director of the National Commission on Teaching and America's Future, chaired by Governor
1050:
266:
440:
A good teacher in every classroom: preparing the highly qualified teachers our children deserve (coauthored with Joan Baratz-Snowden, 2005)
242:
1198:
1153:
660:
604:
782:
176:
372:
in the Obama administration. At the time, others rumored to be under consideration included New York City Schools Chancellor
757:
392:
223:
168:
434:
Preparing Teachers for a Changing World: What Teachers Should Learn and Be Able to Do (coauthored with John Bransford, 2006)
1158:
682:
388:
369:
180:
437:
Instructional Leadership for Systemic Change: The Story of San Diego's Reform (Leading Systemic School Improvement) (2005)
235:
43:
998:
1133:
258:
124:
609:
The Second Conference Celebrating Swarthmore's Program in Education: Keynote speaker bio for Linda Darling-Hammond
167:(December 21, 1951) is an American academic who is the Charles E. Ducommun Professor of Education Emeritus at the
1183:
1066:
843:
993:
991:
526:
506:
443:
Professional development schools: schools for developing a profession (coauthored with Judith Lanier, 2005)
1026:
747:
218:
In 1985, after completing her doctorate degree program, she began working as a Social Scientist for the
974:
870:
1122:
1108:
948:
460:
1083:
803:
Model Standards for Beginning Teacher Licensing & Development: A Resource for State Diaglogue
825:
425:
The Flat World and Education: How America's Commitment to Equity Will Determine Our Future (2010)
215:
Darling-Hammond began her career as a public school teacher in Pennsylvania, from 1973 to 1974.
1163:
422:
Getting Teacher Evaluation Right: What Really Matters for Effectiveness and Improvement (2013)
410:
Empowered Educators: How High-Performing Systems Shape Teaching Quality Around the World (2017)
716:
559:
1188:
733:
992:
Darling-Hammond, Linda; Holtzman, Deborah; Gatlin, Su Jin; Vasquez Heilig, Julian (2005).
8:
151:
612:
419:
Beyond the Bubble Test: How Performance Assessments Support 21st Century Learning (2014)
250:
172:
790:
753:
534:
356:
347:
204:
143:
871:"Prominent Teacher-Educator Assails Field, Suggests New Accrediting Body in Report"
231:
219:
138:
334:
196:
192:
134:
294:
147:
789:. Washington, D.C.: The Council of Chief State School Officers. Archived from
360:
America teachers—that they became more effective when they became certified."
1142:
538:
368:
In 2008, Darling-Hammond was viewed as one of the most likely candidates for
78:
407:
Preparing Teachers for Deeper Learning (coauthored with Jeannie Oakes, 2019)
265:. On 14 December 2021 Darling-Hammond became an International Fellow at the
227:
921:
899:
381:
377:
586:
416:
Teaching in the Flat World: Learning from High-Performing Systems (2015)
373:
203:(Doctor of Education), with highest distinction, in urban education at
661:"Gov. Newsom names new head of State Board of Education in California"
520:
518:
516:
355:
who entered without completing training and certification, including
109:
52:
826:"Performance Test for New Calif. Teachers Approved - Education Week"
749:
The right to learn : a blueprint for creating schools that work
1003:
780:
282:
513:
431:
Powerful teacher education: lessons from exemplary programs (2006)
352:
887:
But others finding fault with Levine's conclusions, methodology.
391:
Agency Review Team to support transition efforts related to the
261:. In 2011, she received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the
1123:
Darling-Hammond's Current Biography (Learning Policy Institute)
636:"Renowned Stanford professor launches new education think tank"
272:
30:
325:
of urban districts to redesign schools and district offices.
200:
413:
Be the Change: Reinventing School for Student Success (2015)
734:
Influence: A Study of the Factors Shaping Education Policy.
333:
offers." She also praised the law for drawing attention to
330:
113:
403:
Darling-Hammond has written a number of books, including:
736:(2006, December 13). Education Week, EPE Research Center.
1134:
Past Winners of Harold W. McGraw, Jr. Prize in Education
1128:
The National Commission on Teaching and America's Future
787:
Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium
752:(1st ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass/ Wiley.
363:
341:
195:. Darling-Hammond received her B.A. magna cum laude at
946:
249:. She has served on the boards of directors for the
1127:
611:. Swarthmore College. 1 October 2005. Archived from
922:"School Redesign Network district partner web site"
591:
Stanford Center for Opportunity Policy in Education
255:
Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching
702:
700:
500:
315:
302:
247:National Board for Professional Teaching Standards
653:
1140:
868:
844:"For East Palo Alto, a Stanford-Run High School"
771:Chapter 7, describes this work and its outcomes.
745:
697:
781:Linda Darling-Hammond; M. Jean Miller (1992).
717:"Education Week: Influential Research Studies"
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
503:"McCain-Obama advisors to debate on education"
1179:Temple University College of Education alumni
1174:Teachers College, Columbia University faculty
1169:Stanford Graduate School of Education faculty
675:
605:"Reflections on Education and Social Justice"
481:
346:Though Darling-Hammond has acknowledged that
267:Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences
1067:Darling-Hammond Out for Education Dept. Post
273:Policy work on equity, quality, and teaching
1024:
1018:
739:
570:
263:California Educational Research Association
975:"Uncertainty Over Obama Education Adviser"
461:"Linda Darling-Hammond: President and CEO"
29:
985:
243:American Educational Research Association
177:Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign
484:"Sparring over Obama's education advice"
179:and was reportedly among candidates for
1194:20th-century African-American academics
1149:21st-century African-American academics
823:
627:
1141:
836:
824:Honawar, Vaishali (October 17, 2007).
746:Darling-Hammond, Linda (August 2001).
524:
376:, Jonathan Schnur, chief executive of
850:. Stanford University. September 2005
633:
501:Mitchell Landsberg (September 2008).
393:United States Department of Education
241:Darling-Hammond was president of the
230:appointed Darling-Hammond to succeed
224:Teachers College, Columbia University
169:Stanford Graduate School of Education
947:Linda Darling-Hammond (2 May 2007).
370:United States Secretary of Education
364:Candidacy for Secretary of Education
342:Darling-Hammond on Teach For America
181:United States Secretary of Education
1109:Darling-Hammond's current biography
597:
236:California State Board of Education
44:California State Board of Education
13:
1027:"Study stirs teaching controversy"
999:Education Policy Analysis Archives
994:"Does Teacher Preparation Matter?"
900:"School Redesign Network: Mission"
482:Scott Elliott (16 December 2007).
14:
1210:
1116:
949:"Evaluating No Child Left Behind"
877:. Editorial Projects in Education
389:Joe Biden presidential transition
869:Vaishali Honawar (20 Sep 2006).
634:Brown, Emma (3 September 2015).
259:Alliance for Excellent Education
1199:20th-century American academics
1154:21st-century American academics
1101:
1076:
1060:
1051:Education Secretary Arne Duncan
1044:
967:
940:
914:
892:
862:
817:
808:
774:
727:
709:
525:Dillon, Sam (2 December 2008).
316:Developing schools and programs
303:Learning and teaching standards
175:. She was education advisor to
1025:Toppo, Greg (April 19, 2005).
552:
494:
475:
453:
1:
447:
183:in the Obama administration.
683:"Lifetime Achievement Award"
663:. EdSource. 12 February 2019
191:Darling-Hammond was born in
186:
7:
1159:Columbia University faculty
463:. Learning Policy Institute
10:
1215:
1088:President-Elect Joe Biden
210:
158:
130:
120:
93:
88:
84:
72:
60:
49:
41:
37:
28:
21:
398:
1107:For earlier books, see
953:The Nation. 21 May 2007
783:"INTASC Core Standards"
587:"Linda Darling-Hammond"
560:"Linda Darling-Hammond"
527:"Linda Darling-Hammond"
1184:Yale University alumni
1084:"Agency Review Teams"
165:Linda Darling-Hammond
23:Linda Darling-Hammond
1073:, February 19, 2009}
981:. December 11, 2008.
593:. February 25, 2011.
245:and a member of the
234:as president of the
1057:, December 17, 2008
793:on 21 February 2013
564:The New York Times
531:The New York Times
251:Spencer Foundation
173:educational equity
924:. SRN Leads. 2008
848:Stanford Magazine
759:978-0-7879-5942-5
357:Teach For America
348:Teach For America
205:Temple University
162:
161:
144:Temple University
104:December 21, 1951
68:February 12, 2019
42:President of the
16:American academic
1206:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1080:
1074:
1071:The New Republic
1064:
1058:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1002:. Archived from
989:
983:
982:
971:
965:
964:
962:
960:
944:
938:
937:
931:
929:
918:
912:
911:
909:
907:
896:
890:
889:
884:
882:
866:
860:
859:
857:
855:
840:
834:
833:
821:
815:
812:
806:
805:
800:
798:
778:
772:
770:
768:
766:
743:
737:
731:
725:
724:
713:
707:
704:
695:
694:
692:
690:
679:
673:
672:
670:
668:
657:
651:
650:
648:
646:
631:
625:
624:
622:
620:
615:on 26 March 2009
601:
595:
594:
583:
568:
567:
556:
550:
549:
547:
545:
522:
511:
510:
505:. Archived from
498:
492:
491:
490:on 11 June 2015.
486:. Archived from
479:
473:
472:
470:
468:
457:
335:achievement gaps
220:RAND Corporation
199:in 1973, and an
107:
103:
101:
89:Personal details
75:
65:
33:
19:
18:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1139:
1138:
1119:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1092:
1090:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1065:
1061:
1049:
1045:
1035:
1033:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
1006:on 25 June 2008
990:
986:
973:
972:
968:
958:
956:
945:
941:
927:
925:
920:
919:
915:
905:
903:
898:
897:
893:
880:
878:
867:
863:
853:
851:
842:
841:
837:
822:
818:
813:
809:
796:
794:
779:
775:
764:
762:
760:
744:
740:
732:
728:
715:
714:
710:
705:
698:
688:
686:
681:
680:
676:
666:
664:
659:
658:
654:
644:
642:
640:Washington Post
632:
628:
618:
616:
603:
602:
598:
585:
584:
571:
558:
557:
553:
543:
541:
523:
514:
509:on 20 May 2011.
499:
495:
480:
476:
466:
464:
459:
458:
454:
450:
401:
366:
344:
318:
305:
275:
213:
197:Yale University
193:Cleveland, Ohio
189:
142:
135:Yale University
121:Political party
108:
105:
99:
97:
73:
67:
61:
56:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1212:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1125:
1118:
1117:External links
1115:
1113:
1112:
1100:
1075:
1059:
1043:
1017:
984:
966:
939:
913:
891:
875:Education Week
861:
835:
830:Education Week
816:
807:
773:
758:
738:
726:
721:www.edweek.org
708:
696:
674:
652:
626:
596:
569:
551:
512:
493:
474:
451:
449:
446:
445:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
400:
397:
365:
362:
343:
340:
317:
314:
304:
301:
295:Education Week
287:Education Week
274:
271:
212:
209:
188:
185:
160:
159:
156:
155:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
95:
91:
90:
86:
85:
82:
81:
76:
70:
69:
63:Assumed office
58:
57:
50:
47:
46:
39:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1211:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1164:Living people
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1110:
1104:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1032:
1028:
1021:
1005:
1001:
1000:
995:
988:
980:
976:
970:
954:
950:
943:
936:
923:
917:
901:
895:
888:
876:
872:
865:
849:
845:
839:
831:
827:
820:
811:
804:
792:
788:
784:
777:
761:
755:
751:
750:
742:
735:
730:
722:
718:
712:
703:
701:
684:
678:
662:
656:
641:
637:
630:
614:
610:
606:
600:
592:
588:
582:
580:
578:
576:
574:
565:
561:
555:
540:
536:
532:
528:
521:
519:
517:
508:
504:
497:
489:
485:
478:
462:
456:
452:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
405:
404:
396:
394:
390:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
361:
358:
354:
349:
339:
336:
332:
326:
322:
313:
309:
300:
297:
296:
290:
288:
284:
283:James B. Hunt
279:
270:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
239:
237:
233:
232:Michael Kirst
229:
225:
221:
216:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
123:
119:
115:
111:
106:(age 72)
96:
92:
87:
83:
80:
79:Michael Kirst
77:
71:
64:
59:
55:
54:
48:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
1103:
1091:. Retrieved
1087:
1078:
1070:
1062:
1054:
1046:
1034:. Retrieved
1030:
1020:
1008:. Retrieved
1004:the original
997:
987:
978:
969:
957:. Retrieved
955:. The Nation
952:
942:
933:
926:. Retrieved
916:
904:. Retrieved
894:
886:
879:. Retrieved
874:
864:
852:. Retrieved
847:
838:
829:
819:
810:
802:
795:. Retrieved
791:the original
786:
776:
763:. Retrieved
748:
741:
729:
720:
711:
687:. Retrieved
677:
665:. Retrieved
655:
643:. Retrieved
639:
629:
617:. Retrieved
613:the original
608:
599:
590:
563:
554:
544:10 September
542:. Retrieved
530:
507:the original
496:
488:the original
477:
465:. Retrieved
455:
402:
386:
367:
345:
327:
323:
319:
310:
306:
293:
291:
286:
280:
276:
240:
228:Gavin Newsom
217:
214:
190:
164:
163:
62:
51:
1189:1951 births
1093:10 November
902:. SRN. 2008
667:20 February
467:9 September
382:Arne Duncan
378:New Leaders
74:Preceded by
1143:Categories
448:References
374:Joel Klein
257:, and the
125:Democratic
100:1951-12-21
1031:USA Today
689:3 January
539:0362-4331
292:In 2006,
207:in 1978.
187:Education
131:Education
110:Cleveland
53:Incumbent
979:HuffPost
959:28 April
935:(SCOPE).
928:28 April
906:28 April
881:28 April
854:28 April
797:28 April
765:28 April
1130:(NCTAF)
353:Houston
269:(IVA).
1036:1 July
1010:6 July
756:
685:. CERA
645:Apr 5,
537:
380:, and
253:, the
211:Career
116:, U.S.
619:1 May
399:Books
201:Ed.D.
66:
1095:2020
1055:Time
1038:2008
1012:2008
961:2013
930:2013
908:2013
883:2013
856:2013
799:2013
767:2013
754:ISBN
691:2023
669:2019
647:2016
621:2013
546:2020
535:ISSN
469:2020
331:NCLB
114:Ohio
94:Born
152:EdD
1145::
1086:.
1069:,
1053:,
1029:.
996:.
977:.
951:.
932:.
885:.
873:.
846:.
828:.
801:.
785:.
719:.
699:^
638:.
607:.
589:.
572:^
562:.
533:.
529:.
515:^
395:.
238:.
150:,
148:MA
139:BA
112:,
102:)
1097:.
1040:.
1014:.
963:.
910:.
858:.
832:.
769:.
723:.
693:.
671:.
649:.
623:.
566:.
548:.
471:.
154:)
146:(
141:)
137:(
98:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
