597:
320:, LTV Aerospace, LTV Ling Altec, and LTV Electrosystems. LTV Aerospace received assets for Vought and a large part of Temco Aircraft. LTV Ling Altec contained Altec Electronics and other properties, and the rest went to LTV Electrosystems. The intention was to make the sum of the parts appear to be worth more than the whole. Ling used this technique to raise capital and buy more companies. Portions of LTV Electrosystems were later spun off to
348:, which was twice the size of Ling-Temco-Vought. Wilson was a diverse company involved in meat packing, sporting goods, and pharmaceuticals. Wilson's president Roscoe Haynie was not aware of the takeover scheme until two weeks before the takeover was complete. Ling later split Wilson into three parts (meat packing, sporting goods (
29:
579:
hotel on the building's lower floors, while the upper floors were made into residential apartments. With reference to the building's history and previous tenants, the apartments were dubbed the LTV Tower
Apartments. The building's new owners used the letters of the name to create a promotional
309:), or the company's price/earnings ratio was less than that of Ling-Temco-Vought's stock, the conglomerate became more profitable overall. Given the fairly unsophisticated stock research of the era, the company appeared to be growing without bound, and its share price rose.
399:
Ling-Temco-Vought had a combined sales of $ 3.6 billion in 1969 ($ 29.9 billion today), but investors found that the conglomerates were not growing any faster than the individual companies had before they were bought out. Share prices plummeted, sparking a
574:
in downtown Dallas to house the operations of LTV, as well as a bank and other offices. The building opened in 1964. After LTV departed its offices there in the 1980s, the building went to other owners and various tenants before being repurposed in 2015 with a
583:
LTV spent its later years in Dallas in a new complex, LTV Center, which opened in 1985 at 2001 Ross Avenue. After LTV departed its headquarters for
Cleveland, the building was renamed the Trammell Crow Tower; it is now
255:, Texas. He lived in the rear of the shop. After incorporating and taking the company public in 1955, Ling found innovative ways to market the stock, including selling door-to-door and from a booth at the
305:
With low interest rates allowing the company to borrow huge sums, Ling built one of the major 1960s conglomerates. As long as the target company's earnings exceeded the interest on the loan (or
3012:
3007:
391:. By 1969, LTV had purchased 33 companies, employed 29,000 workers, and offered 15,000 separate products and services, and was one of the 40 biggest industrial corporations.
481:
LTV did not leave
Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection until June 28, 1993, in what was described in 1999 as one of the longest and most complicated bankruptcies in US history.
3002:
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603:
aircraft made by Ling-Temco-Vought. This example, a former US Navy aircraft, was photographed at a
British airshow in 2005. It was retired from service by 2014 from the
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443:. With $ 6.14 billion ($ 17.1 billion today) in total assets and $ 4.59 billion in debt, it was the largest bankruptcy in US history to that point.
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Eventually, the board of directors demoted James Ling in 1970, and he left the company, to be replaced by former Ling-Temco-Vought executive
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settlement, the company sold its
Braniff and Okonite components, and Thayer changed the company name from Ling-Temco-Vought to
404:, and a general feeling arose that conglomerates were to blame for the market woes. An antitrust lawsuit was filed that year.
977:
508:, on December 29, 2000. The company subsequently dissolved on December 18, 2001. Its assets were acquired in February 2002 by
450:, most notably the entire LTV Aerospace division; the aerospace component retained the legacy Vought name as the independent
2992:
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562:, purchased all the outside inventory totaling 224,000,000 lb of steel from 58 locations throughout the country.
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Staff (August 6, 2015) "New residents are making a home in downtown Dallas' old LTV Tower"
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470:, the company continued to exist primarily as a steel producer, renaming itself
271:, a maker of stereo systems and speakers. In 1960, Ling merged the company with
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956:
for more information about the founder and company during the conglomerate era
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founded an electrical-contracting business, Ling
Electric Company, in
2742:
2649:
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924:
The Money Manias: The Eras of Great
Speculation in America, 1770–1970
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work. In 1961, using additional funding from insurance businessman
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which existed from 1961 to 2001. At its peak, it was involved in
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Corporation, while the missile component later became part of
428:
867:
363:
356:), and spun them off into separate companies traded on the
267:
In 1956, Ling bought L.M. Electronics, and in 1959, added
3013:
Companies that filed for
Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2000
3008:
Companies that filed for
Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1986
394:
800:"LTV Corp. Files for Bankruptcy; Debt is $ 4 Billion"
750:(5 ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 56–57.
3003:
Companies that have filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy
2943:
Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
747:
Mergers, Acquisitions, and Corporate Restructurings
2953:Defunct electronics companies of the United States
771:
769:
767:
2924:
835:
340:In 1965, Ling added the wire and cable company
2988:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 2000
978:LTV Steel – Western Reserve Historical Society
764:
312:In 1964, Ling turned Ling-Temco-Vought into a
3023:Defunct manufacturing companies based in Ohio
2983:Conglomerate companies disestablished in 2000
1214:
1010:
921:
709:
705:
703:
701:
2973:Manufacturing companies established in 1947
2938:Conglomerate companies of the United States
819:"Loral Acquires Missile Branch of LTV Corp"
713:The Rise and Fall of the Conglomerate Kings
674:
580:tagline for the property: "Love The View".
2978:Conglomerate companies established in 1956
2958:Manufacturing companies based in Cleveland
1221:
1207:
1017:
1003:
985:– Harvard – The Lehman Brothers Collection
698:
316:and established three public companies as
2968:Electronics companies established in 1947
1187:Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer
816:
739:
737:
735:
733:
565:
558:In 2002, Lombard Metals Corp, located in
460:Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control
2948:Aerospace companies of the United States
1175:NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.
950:Ling: The Rise and Fall of a Texas Titan
838:"LTV to Purchase Copperweld Corporation"
595:
439:In July 1986, LTV Corporation filed for
242:
743:
531:, and River Terminal Railway – went to
462:division. After the 1984 merger of the
2925:
961:
730:
379:. In addition, it acquired resorts in
1202:
1024:
998:
947:
836:LTV Corporation (September 9, 1999).
817:Takahashi, Dean (September 1, 1992).
797:
2963:Defunct companies based in Cleveland
991:– Texas State Historical Association
523:Some of the railroad subsidiaries –
499:
262:
570:A new office building was built at
434:
395:Conglomerate and antitrust problems
13:
941:
798:Hayes, Thomas C. (July 18, 1986).
446:The company went into a series of
414:
354:Wilson Pharmaceutical and Chemical
14:
3034:
971:
427:. Thayer was succeeded by former
1050:Jones and Laughlin Steel Company
506:Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection
474:, and moved its headquarters to
464:Jones and Laughlin Steel Company
441:Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection
27:
892:. CNN Money. February 27, 2002.
549:Monongahela Connecting Railroad
541:Aliquippa and Southern Railroad
335:
2998:2000 disestablishments in Ohio
896:
882:
856:
829:
810:
791:
332:-Integrated Systems (L-3/IS).
1:
1169:Memorial Day massacre of 1937
1045:Braniff International Airways
962:Hickam, Homer H. Jr. (1998).
840:. PR Newswire. Archived from
777:"The LTV Corporation History"
686:
369:Braniff International Airways
328:IIS, and since 2002, part of
966:. New York: Delacorte Press.
952:. New York: Beard Books Inc.
908:Retrieved February 28, 2018
744:Gaughan, Patrick A. (2010).
537:Ohio Central Railroad System
7:
2993:1947 establishments in Ohio
645:
611:
591:
389:Steamboat Springs, Colorado
215:, among other businesses.
166:(2000 Archive, now defunct)
110:December 18, 2001
79:; 77 years ago
10:
3039:
948:Brown, Stanley H. (1972).
525:Chicago Short Line Railway
468:Republic Steel Corporation
344:. In 1967, they took over
237:
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2824:
2817:
2792:
2771:
2735:
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2554:
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1245:
1149:
1133:
1087:
1060:Youngstown Sheet and Tube
1032:
560:Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania
553:Allegheny Valley Railroad
518:International Steel Group
298:. The new company became
159:
149:
139:
121:
106:
96:
73:
63:
51:
43:
35:
26:
779:. Funding Universe. 1999
675:Unmanned aerial vehicles
352:), and pharmaceuticals (
1105:Benjamin Franklin Jones
905:The Dallas Morning News
890:"LTV Steel assets sold"
551:is now operated by the
545:Mahoning Valley Railway
529:Cuyahoga Valley Railway
431:executive Raymond Hay.
367:'s holding company for
358:American Stock Exchange
234:until its end in 2001.
179:) was a large American
922:Sobel, Robert (2000).
710:Sobel, Robert (1999).
608:
566:Headquarters buildings
490:Copperweld Corporation
484:In 1999, LTV acquired
247:In 1947, entrepreneur
866:. LTV. Archived from
844:on September 16, 2016
599:
458:and later became the
350:Wilson Sporting Goods
275:, best known for its
243:Ling Electric Company
220:Ling Electric Company
1141:Trammell Crow Center
1095:James Anson Campbell
586:Trammell Crow Center
504:LTV Steel filed for
283:and Texas oil baron
218:It began in 1947 as
59:LTV / LTVCQ (former)
1164:Little Steel strike
1125:George Dennick Wick
1067:National Car Rental
983:The LTV Corporation
572:1600 Pacific Avenue
373:National Car Rental
257:State Fair of Texas
197:steel manufacturing
151:Number of employees
129:, Texas (1947–1993)
23:
22:The LTV Corporation
804:The New York Times
618:LTV A-7 Corsair II
609:
419:As part of a 1971
346:Wilson and Company
330:L-3 Communications
134:, Ohio (1993–2001)
21:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2813:
2812:
1196:
1195:
1026:Ling-Temco-Vought
823:Los Angeles Times
640:Vought Model 1600
577:Hilton Garden Inn
500:Second bankruptcy
456:Loral Corporation
300:Ling-Temco-Vought
285:David Harold Byrd
269:Altec Electronics
263:Ling-Temco-Vought
224:Ling-Temco-Vought
173:Ling-Temco-Vought
170:
169:
155:<20,000 (1961)
39:Ling-Temco-Vought
16:U.S. conglomerate
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512:and merged with
466:subsidiary with
435:First bankruptcy
385:Guerrero, Mexico
296:hostile takeover
287:, they acquired
117:
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31:
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2873:Crusader (I/II)
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1234:Vought-Sikorsky
1227:
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1158:Burnet v. Logan
1145:
1129:
1083:
1028:
1023:
989:LTV Corporation
974:
944:
942:Further reading
934:
926:. Beard Books.
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716:. Beard Books.
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605:Greek air force
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502:
476:Cleveland, Ohio
437:
425:LTV Corporation
417:
415:LTV Corporation
397:
377:J & L Steel
338:
324:, then part of
314:holding company
265:
245:
240:
230:and eventually
228:LTV Corporation
213:pharmaceuticals
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2643:Scout / Attack
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2562:VE-7/VE-8/VE-9
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2878:Crusader III
2736:Experimental
1248:designations
1246:Manufacturer
1237:
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1033:Subsidiaries
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916:Bibliography
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872:. Retrieved
868:the original
858:
846:. Retrieved
842:the original
831:
822:
812:
803:
793:
781:. Retrieved
746:
712:
691:
690:
657:ASM-135 ASAT
652:MGM-52 Lance
623:Vought YA-7F
582:
569:
557:
535:, while the
533:ISG Railways
522:
516:to form the
503:
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448:divestitures
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336:Acquisitions
318:subsidiaries
311:
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266:
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219:
217:
205:meat packing
181:conglomerate
176:
172:
171:
164:ltvsteel.com
122:Headquarters
92:, Texas U.S.
68:Conglomerate
44:Company type
18:
2629:V-505/V-507
964:Rocket Boys
864:"LTV Steel"
510:Wilbur Ross
496:of France.
494:Imétal S.A.
478:, in 1993.
409:Paul Thayer
402:bear market
209:car rentals
193:electronics
141:Area served
2927:Categories
2908:Vindicator
2893:Kingfisher
1134:Facilities
1120:James Ling
848:October 4,
783:October 4,
687:References
681:LTV XQM-93
662:Vought HVM
630:LTV XC-142
486:Pittsburgh
249:James Ling
114:2001-12-18
101:James Ling
635:LTV L450F
539:acquired
472:LTV Steel
421:antitrust
365:Troy Post
322:E-Systems
292:aerospace
281:Troy Post
232:LTV Steel
185:aerospace
145:Worldwide
132:Cleveland
54:Traded as
2903:Sea Wolf
2868:Bluebird
2852:A-7 (II)
2555:Fighters
1375:100 (II)
1240:aircraft
646:Missiles
612:Aircraft
592:Products
381:Acapulco
326:Raytheon
189:airlines
64:Industry
36:Formerly
3018:Braniff
2883:Cutlass
2825:Corsair
2818:By name
2772:Unbuilt
2617:F8U/F-8
2548:By role
1370:100 (I)
1150:Related
874:May 26,
488:-based
342:Okonite
277:missile
238:History
160:Website
112: (
107:Defunct
97:Founder
82: (
74:Founded
2933:Vought
2898:Pirate
2861:Others
2847:F4U/AU
2763:XQM-93
2758:XC-142
2634:V-1600
2622:XF8U-3
1236:, and
1230:Vought
1181:Vought
1088:People
930:
754:
720:
452:Vought
387:, and
375:, and
253:Dallas
211:, and
127:Dallas
90:Dallas
2805:V-100
2800:VE-10
2793:Other
2753:V-326
2748:V-173
2743:L450F
2700:XSB3U
2680:XSO2U
2577:V-143
2572:V-141
2567:VE-11
2507:Super
692:Notes
492:from
429:Xerox
294:in a
2779:XS2U
2705:XTBU
2695:SB2U
2675:OS2U
2602:XF5U
2592:XF3U
2587:XF2U
2539:3010
2534:2000
2529:1602
2524:1601
2519:1600
2514:1100
2502:1000
928:ISBN
876:2008
850:2014
785:2014
752:ISBN
718:ISBN
543:and
383:and
371:and
84:1947
77:1947
2837:SBU
2832:O2U
2784:XWU
2720:A-7
2715:A2U
2690:SBU
2670:O5U
2665:O4U
2660:O3U
2655:O2U
2612:F7U
2607:F6U
2597:F4U
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