121:(and other tissues) as required, either directly from or from above the white line of skin that borders onto, and sets off, the vermilion of the lips (the white roll). The incisions remove tissue and significantly alter the shape of the lips by moving up the vermilion from both peaks of the Cupid's bow outwards to the commissures, the corners of the mouth. Incisions are also made below the lower lip to increase the projection of the vermilion of the lower lip. This gull-wing lip lift usually requires an OR time of approximately 20 minutes; post-operatively, the swelling of the lips subsides at 1–2 weeks and the tightness subsides at 2–4 months. Asymmetry, under-correction, and
105:
20:
187:
for which statistically significant increases in upper vermilion height and surface area have been measured. A systematic review regarding "non-filling" procedures for lip augmentation published in 2014 showed that philtrum length decreases with
Indirect Lip Lift techniques, but not with V-Y lip augmentation.
177:
Another variation of the procedure is for a surgeon to make an incision inside the mouth to loosen the mucosa and vermilion, which are then advanced and secured, leaving a portion of scar tissue inside the mouth which may take 2–4 months to heal. Yet another technique uses a "W" incision inside
186:
Although surgeons report patient satisfaction with these techniques to be "high," no one variation has been sufficiently applauded to become the standard procedure. Most of these methods result in an increase in the amount of vermilion visible. Quantitative data exists for the V-Y lip augmentation,
87:
reported 3.2 million cosmetic surgery procedures performed to mature patients, aged 55 years and older, in 2008. The patient demand for facial rejuvenation indicates that most requests do not include the mouth, which results in a surgical outcome that is aesthetically deficient. In the 1980s, when
138:
A technical variant of the gull-wing lip lift is the sub-nasal lip lift (bull-horn lip lift), which involves the removal of either an ellipse or a curved-edge ellipse of tissue from under the nose. The skin then is raised, and sutured to lift the lip and expose more of the upper-lip vermilion.
100:
A systematic review regarding "non-filling" procedures for lip augmentation classified lip lift techniques in four surgical categories: the direct lip lift (DLL), indirect lip lift (ILL), corner of the mouth lift (CML), and the V–Y lip advancement (VYLA).
83:, and much fullness to each lip; however, such an ideal physiognomy declines with age, and the lips shrink and lose anatomic definition, as the lips sag, which affects the aesthetics of the smile, by revealing less of the teeth during a relaxed smile. The
139:
Depending upon the indications of the patient, this technique can increase the drooping the corners of the mouth (commissures); thus, the sub-nasal lip lift often includes a corner-lift surgical step. In the corner lift procedure (external angle oral
178:
the mouth to create several "V" flaps, which are then used in a V-to-Y plasty technique to advance the vermilion of either or both lips. This procedure leaves no exposed areas inside the mouth, but can be painful and has a lengthy recovery period.
92:, originally the principal filler for the lips, proved limited in effecting permanent correction, plastic surgeons then developed surgical techniques for lifting and augmenting the lips, and correcting aesthetic defects and deformities.
222:
Because of this, patients must be on bed rest for at least a week. In particular, the technique of removing skin at or directly above the white roll has been singled out as resulting in unfavorable scarring and stiffness in the lips.
151:
Another variation is the thread lift, in which a square stitch is placed from one nostril to the other and down to the peaks of the Cupid's bow. This variation has fallen out of favor because the results are short-lived.
168:
Another variation of the procedure consists of a lenticular excision of the white skin surrounding the upper oral commissure in order to lift this part of the lips. This technique has also been dubbed the "Smile Lift".
143:), triangles of tissue are resected from above the commissures, thereby elevating the corners of the mouth. A descending wedge of tissue can also be removed to add contour to the Cupid's bow or to reduce bulky lips.
633:
Moragas, Joan San Miguel; Vercruysse, Herman Junior; Mommaerts, Maurice Y (2014). "'Non-filling' procedures for lip augmentation: A systematic review of contemporary techniques and their outcomes".
521:
Rohrich, R. J; Reagan, B. J; Adams Jr, W. P; Kenkel, J. M; Beran, S. J (2000). "Early results of vermilion lip augmentation using acellular allogeneic dermis: An adjunct in facial rejuvenation".
683:
26:
the post-operative aspect (left), and the pre-operative aspect (right) of surgically modified lips. The
Vermilion border is noticeably more defined in post-operative aspect.
63:
There are surgical and non-surgical techniques for effecting lip lift and lip augmentation to the lips. The surgical techniques include incisions below the
46:
and to enhance the facial area above the lips into a more aesthetically pleasing shape. In corrective praxis, a lip lift procedure is distinguished from
140:
676:
117:
The "gull-wing lift" is an effective surgical technique for increasing the prominence (display) of the vermilion coloring of the lips, by removing
67:
and in the periphery of the lips area of the face, the perioral area; other techniques effect the surgical incisions from inside the mouth.
669:
226:
Advancements and improvements in non-surgical fillers available for lip enhancement has reduced demand for the lip lift procedure.
594:
84:
108:
Lip lift: the pre-operative aspect (left), and the post-operative aspect of the lifted corners of the mouth.
552:"Lifting Lips: 28 Years of Experience Using the Direct Excision Approach to Rejuvenating the Aging Mouth"
965:
940:
975:
773:
160:
Another variation is the double duck lip lift, in which the columella of the nose is not incised.
871:
829:
803:
661:
79:
of a mouth with youthful lips—shaped like a lozenge—features an upper lip with a pronounced
970:
8:
768:
383:
927:
730:
692:
650:
621:
617:
590:
573:
538:
534:
509:
474:
470:
445:
441:
416:
412:
387:
122:
50:, the augmentation of the lips, which can be affected with a non-surgical procedure.
740:
642:
613:
563:
530:
499:
466:
437:
408:
379:
104:
43:
550:
Weston, George W; Poindexter, Byron D; Sigal, Robert K; Austin, Harvey W (2009).
47:
35:
911:
646:
80:
568:
551:
959:
899:
894:
504:
487:
19:
866:
745:
654:
577:
542:
513:
625:
478:
449:
420:
391:
778:
708:
696:
844:
76:
922:
488:"Quantitative Analysis of Lip Appearance After V-Y Lip Augmentation"
89:
816:
700:
691:
883:
855:
757:
370:
Aiache, Adrien E (1997). "Rejuvenation of the
Perioral Area".
790:
190:
Complications which may arise from lip lift surgery include:
549:
520:
118:
64:
632:
719:
428:
Fanous, N (1984). "Correction of thin lips: "lip lift"".
39:
38:
procedure that modifies the cosmetic appearance of the
42:, by reshaping them to increase the prominence of the
587:Practical Procedures in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
332:
163:
957:
604:Wilkinson, T. S (1994). "'Lip lift' resection".
677:
485:
287:
285:
684:
670:
486:Jacono, Andrew A; Quatela, Vito C (2004).
350:
128:
603:
584:
567:
503:
456:
299:
297:
282:
457:Greenwald, A. E (1987). "The lip lift".
341:
325:
323:
321:
311:
309:
275:
273:
271:
269:
259:
257:
255:
253:
243:
241:
239:
133:
112:
103:
18:
635:Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
172:
155:
958:
427:
398:
369:
294:
95:
70:
665:
399:Austin, H. W (1986). "The lip lift".
318:
306:
266:
250:
236:
85:American Society of Plastic Surgeons
13:
606:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
523:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
492:Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery
459:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
430:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
401:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
146:
14:
987:
618:10.1097/00006534-199407000-00037
535:10.1097/00006534-200001000-00067
471:10.1097/00006534-198701000-00036
442:10.1097/00006534-198407000-00005
413:10.1097/00006534-198606000-00024
529:(1): 409–16, discussion 417–8.
363:
585:Wilkinson, Tolbert S. (2013).
164:Corner of the mouth lift (CML)
1:
384:10.1016/S0733-8635(05)70475-7
329:Jacono AA, Quatela V C, 2004.
229:
58:
53:
125:are possible complications.
7:
338:San Miguel Moragas J, 2014.
181:
10:
992:
647:10.1016/j.jcms.2014.01.015
941:Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
936:
908:
880:
852:
843:
813:
787:
754:
716:
707:
569:10.1016/j.asj.2009.01.013
556:Aesthetic Surgery Journal
303:Rohrich RJ, et al., 2000.
16:Plastic surgery procedure
774:Genioglossus advancement
505:10.1001/archfaci.6.3.172
315:Weston GW, et al., 2009.
872:Pharyngeal flap surgery
830:Template:Periodontology
356:Wilkinson, T. S., 2013.
129:Indirect lip lift (ILL)
804:Template:Endodontology
291:Wilkinson TS, 1994(a).
109:
27:
134:Subnasal bullhorn ILL
123:hypertrophic scarring
113:Direct lip lift (DLL)
107:
22:
372:Dermatologic Clinics
173:V-Y lip augmentation
156:Double duck lip lift
347:Greenwald AE. 1987.
96:Surgical procedures
71:Surgical aesthetics
34:is the most common
769:Lingual frenectomy
110:
28:
953:
952:
949:
948:
928:Uvulopalatoplasty
839:
838:
731:Labial frenectomy
596:978-1-4612-2594-2
215:Speech impediment
212:Smile deformation
983:
966:Cosmetic surgery
916:
888:
860:
850:
849:
821:
795:
762:
741:Lip augmentation
724:
714:
713:
695:relating to the
686:
679:
672:
663:
662:
658:
629:
600:
581:
571:
546:
517:
507:
482:
453:
424:
395:
357:
354:
348:
345:
339:
336:
330:
327:
316:
313:
304:
301:
292:
289:
280:
279:Aiache AE, 1997.
277:
264:
263:Austin HW, 1986.
261:
248:
245:
218:Visible scarring
141:commissuroplasty
44:vermilion border
991:
990:
986:
985:
984:
982:
981:
980:
976:Plastic surgery
956:
955:
954:
945:
932:
909:
904:
881:
876:
853:
835:
814:
809:
788:
783:
755:
750:
717:
703:
690:
597:
366:
361:
360:
355:
351:
346:
342:
337:
333:
328:
319:
314:
307:
302:
295:
290:
283:
278:
267:
262:
251:
247:Fanous N, 1984.
246:
237:
232:
209:Lip lengthening
184:
175:
166:
158:
149:
147:Thread lip lift
136:
131:
115:
98:
77:aesthetic ideal
73:
61:
56:
48:lip enhancement
36:plastic surgery
17:
12:
11:
5:
989:
979:
978:
973:
968:
951:
950:
947:
946:
944:
943:
937:
934:
933:
931:
930:
925:
919:
917:
906:
905:
903:
902:
897:
891:
889:
878:
877:
875:
874:
869:
863:
861:
847:
841:
840:
837:
836:
834:
833:
824:
822:
811:
810:
808:
807:
798:
796:
785:
784:
782:
781:
776:
771:
765:
763:
752:
751:
749:
748:
743:
738:
733:
727:
725:
711:
705:
704:
689:
688:
681:
674:
666:
660:
659:
630:
601:
595:
582:
547:
518:
483:
454:
425:
396:
365:
362:
359:
358:
349:
340:
331:
317:
305:
293:
281:
265:
249:
234:
233:
231:
228:
220:
219:
216:
213:
210:
207:
206:Lip distortion
204:
201:
198:
195:
183:
180:
174:
171:
165:
162:
157:
154:
148:
145:
135:
132:
130:
127:
114:
111:
97:
94:
72:
69:
60:
57:
55:
52:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
988:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
963:
961:
942:
939:
938:
935:
929:
926:
924:
921:
920:
918:
915:
913:
907:
901:
900:Adenoidectomy
898:
896:
895:Tonsillectomy
893:
892:
890:
887:
885:
879:
873:
870:
868:
865:
864:
862:
859:
857:
851:
848:
846:
842:
832:
831:
826:
825:
823:
820:
818:
812:
806:
805:
800:
799:
797:
794:
792:
786:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
764:
761:
759:
753:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
728:
726:
723:
721:
715:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
687:
682:
680:
675:
673:
668:
667:
664:
656:
652:
648:
644:
641:(6): 943–52.
640:
636:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
602:
598:
592:
588:
583:
579:
575:
570:
565:
561:
557:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
519:
515:
511:
506:
501:
497:
493:
489:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
378:(4): 665–72.
377:
373:
368:
367:
353:
344:
335:
326:
324:
322:
312:
310:
300:
298:
288:
286:
276:
274:
272:
270:
260:
258:
256:
254:
244:
242:
240:
235:
227:
224:
217:
214:
211:
208:
205:
202:
199:
196:
193:
192:
191:
188:
179:
170:
161:
153:
144:
142:
126:
124:
120:
106:
102:
93:
91:
86:
82:
78:
68:
66:
51:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
25:
21:
910:
882:
867:Palatoplasty
854:
828:
815:
802:
789:
756:
746:Cheiloplasty
735:
718:
638:
634:
609:
605:
586:
559:
555:
526:
522:
498:(3): 172–7.
495:
491:
462:
458:
436:(1): 33–41.
433:
429:
407:(6): 990–4.
404:
400:
375:
371:
364:Bibliography
352:
343:
334:
225:
221:
189:
185:
176:
167:
159:
150:
137:
116:
99:
74:
62:
31:
29:
23:
971:Lip surgery
779:Glossectomy
562:(2): 83–6.
203:Parasthesia
81:Cupid's bow
960:Categories
845:Oropharynx
693:Procedures
612:(1): 212.
465:(1): 147.
230:References
59:Techniques
54:Background
923:Uvulotomy
197:Stiffness
24:Lip lift:
736:Lip lift
655:24534683
578:19371836
543:10627010
514:15148125
194:Numbness
182:Outcomes
90:collagen
32:lip lift
817:gingiva
701:pharynx
626:8016240
479:3797512
450:6739598
421:3714896
392:9348466
884:tonsil
856:palate
758:tongue
653:
624:
593:
576:
541:
512:
477:
448:
419:
390:
912:uvula
791:teeth
709:Mouth
697:mouth
827:see
801:see
699:and
651:PMID
622:PMID
591:ISBN
574:PMID
539:PMID
510:PMID
475:PMID
446:PMID
417:PMID
388:PMID
200:Pain
119:skin
75:The
65:nose
40:lips
720:lip
643:doi
614:doi
564:doi
531:doi
527:105
500:doi
467:doi
438:doi
409:doi
380:doi
962::
649:.
639:42
637:.
620:.
610:94
608:.
589:.
572:.
560:29
558:.
554:.
537:.
525:.
508:.
494:.
490:.
473:.
463:79
461:.
444:.
434:74
432:.
415:.
405:77
403:.
386:.
376:15
374:.
320:^
308:^
296:^
284:^
268:^
252:^
238:^
30:A
914::
886::
858::
819::
793::
760::
722::
685:e
678:t
671:v
657:.
645::
628:.
616::
599:.
580:.
566::
545:.
533::
516:.
502::
496:6
481:.
469::
452:.
440::
423:.
411::
394:.
382::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
