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Edelman, Elazer R.; Butala, Neel M.; Avery, Laura L.; Lundquist, Andrew L.; Dighe, Anand S. (24 September 2020). Cabot, Richard C.; Rosenberg, Eric S.; Pierce, Virginia M.; Dudzinski, David M.; Baggett, Meridale V.; Sgroi, Dennis C.; Shepard, Jo-Anne O.; Tran, Kathy M.; Roberts, Matthew B. (eds.).
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While the common name for these confections has become "red liquorice" or often simply "liquorice" due to their shape and texture, they do not have the taste of liquorice since there is no actual liquorice in them. "Black" in "black liquorice" would formerly have been redundant, but has become a
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During manufacturing, the ingredients are dissolved in water and heated to 135 °C (275 °F). In order to obtain sweets of the desired shapes, the liquid is poured into molds that are created by impressing holes into a container filled with starch powder. The liquid is then dried and the
260:. Ammonium chloride is mainly used in salty liquorice candy, with concentrations up to about 8%. However, even regular liquorice candy can contain up to 2% ammonium chloride, the taste of which is less prominent because of the higher sugar concentration. Some liquorice candy is flavoured with
484:), with a recipe very similar to a common type of liquorice confection (a starchy or gummy binder with sugar added, extruded into the shape of a rope or tube with a chewy consistency), but instead of
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is distinguished from similar confectionery varieties that do not contain liquorice extract but are manufactured in the form of similarly shaped chewy ropes or tubes and often called
347:. Daily consumption of 50 g or more of liquorice candy for as little as two weeks may increase blood pressure by a small amount. Glycyrrhizin can cause
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The essential ingredients of black liquorice confectionery are liquorice extract, sugar, and a binder. The base is typically
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Sabbadin, Chiara; Bordin, Luciana; Donà, Gabriella; Manso, Jacopo; Avruscio, Giampiero; Armanini, Decio (18 July 2019).
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ate a bag and a half of black liquorice every day for several weeks, leading to death due to chronic high levels of
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284:. The Dunhill company are credited with the development of liquorice as a confection by adding sugar in 1760.
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oil instead of or in combination with liquorice root extract, because anise has a very similar flavour.
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Sigurjónsdóttir, H Á; Franzson, L; Manhem, K; Ragnarsson, J; Sigurdsson, G; Wallerstedt, S (2001).
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A Finnish fair special, metre-long liquorice, in various flavours and colours in
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817:"Liquorice-induced rise in blood pressure: a linear dose-response relationship"
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The Dutch manufacturer Meenk offers detailed ingredient lists of its products:
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A variety of liquorice sweets are produced around the world. In North
America,
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extract, is also a common flavour in other forms of confectionery such as
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resulting sweets are sprayed with beeswax to make their surface shiny.
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or a combination thereof. Additional ingredients are extra flavouring,
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221:. Various liquorice sweets are sold in the United Kingdom, such as
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983:"Too Much Candy: Man Dies from Eating Bags of Black Licorice"
858:"Licorice: From Pseudohyperaldosteronism to Therapeutic Uses"
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In many countries there is also a product sometimes known as
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601:(Salmiak liquorice, a specialty popular in Northern Europe)
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The liquorice-root extract contains the natural sweetener
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382:. In one particularly extreme case from 2020, a man from
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225:. Dutch, German and Nordic liquorice typically contains
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693:"Black licorice is a candy that should inspire caution"
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so severe that the man suffered a fatal heart attack.
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when he stamped discs of liquorice with the image of
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237:, which carries a salty rather than sweet flavour.
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370:Excessive black liquorice consumption can cause
351:levels in the body to fall, triggering abnormal
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192:usually flavoured and coloured black with the
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276:invented the liquorice format still known as
436:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
256:for a shiny surface, ammonium chloride and
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981:Marchione, Marilynn (23 September 2020).
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774:. Pen and Sword History. pp. 75–80.
456:Learn how and when to remove this message
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488:is made with other flavourings such as
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343:, which is over 50 times sweeter than
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434:adding citations to reliable sources
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196:of the roots of the liquorice plant
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213:. Black liquorice, together with
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335:Liquorice § Adverse effects
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16:Type of confection or sweet food
922:New England Journal of Medicine
796:How Products are Made: Licorice
766:Chrystal, Paul (30 June 2021).
751:Black Licorice: Trick or Treat?
1292:Category:British confectionery
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678:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
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821:Journal of Human Hypertension
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77:plant, sugar, binding agent (
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73:Extract of the roots of the
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768:"Special sweets: Liquorice"
738:liquorice candy (in Dutch).
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1059:Traditional British sweets
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862:Frontiers in Endocrinology
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1337:Liquorice (confectionery)
1316:United Kingdom portal
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734:30 September 2007 at the
723:30 September 2007 at the
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875:10.3389/fendo.2019.00484
628:that formerly contained
618:, the 1845 original ones
544:Rainbow liquorice twist
380:pseudohyperaldosteronism
365:congestive heart failure
801:2 November 2011 at the
1249:Uncle Joe's Mint Balls
934:10.1056/NEJMcpc2002420
834:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001215
653:Licorice International
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330:
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35:Liquorice wheels from
1357:British confectionery
1352:Finnish confectionery
772:The History of Sweets
636:as active ingredients
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324:
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1362:German confectionery
1025:at www.food-info.net
1019:at Wikimedia Commons
472:Red liquorice wheels
430:improve this section
272:In England in 1614,
233:, prominently so in
185:-ər-ish, -iss
131:spelling differences
119:Commonwealth English
104:Media: Liquorice
607:, a liquorice drink
388:glycyrrhetinic acid
376:metabolic alkalosis
25:
1184:Liquorice allsorts
1134:Fisherman's Friend
794:Perry Romanowski,
681:. Merriam-Webster.
569:Liquorice allsorts
549:
532:in North America.
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223:liquorice allsorts
199:Glycyrrhiza glabra
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1347:Yorkshire cuisine
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1017:Liquorice as food
1015:Media related to
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781:978-1-5267-7888-8
564:Good & Plenty
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282:Pontefract Castle
274:Sir George Savile
227:ammonium chloride
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44:Alternative names
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207:black liquorice
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1169:Jelly Babies
1114:Butterscotch
1089:Barley sugar
1069:Aniseed ball
992:23 September
990:. Retrieved
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700:. Retrieved
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624:, liquorice
574:London drops
526:
518:blackcurrant
508:, including
482:red licorice
481:
477:
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428:Please help
416:
369:
359:(swelling),
341:glycyrrhizin
338:
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197:
122:
114:
113:
18:
1194:Midget Gems
1079:Apple drops
673:"Liquorice"
392:hypokalemia
374:-resistant
301:, a Danish
229:instead of
1331:Categories
1229:Soor ploom
1204:Pear drops
1144:Fruit Gums
659:References
634:chloroform
522:watermelon
490:strawberry
446:April 2024
288:Production
246:gum arabic
219:jellybeans
190:confection
83:gum arabic
1367:Liquorice
1264:Yellowman
1259:Wine gums
1254:Victory V
1234:Star rock
1199:Pan drops
1179:Liquorice
1023:Liquorice
950:0028-4793
884:1664-2392
622:Victory V
616:Twizzlers
605:Sugarelly
594:Red Vines
536:Varieties
498:raspberry
486:liquorice
417:does not
349:potassium
329:, Finland
327:Jyväskylä
115:Liquorice
81:, flour,
75:liquorice
23:Liquorice
968:32966726
902:31379750
843:11494093
799:Archived
732:Archived
721:Archived
647:See also
640:Vigroids
530:retronym
506:flavours
502:cinnamon
372:chloride
361:lethargy
258:molasses
244:/flour,
123:licorice
1164:Humbugs
1005:Sources
987:AP News
959:8568064
893:6657287
868:: 484.
718:regular
438:removed
423:sources
345:sucrose
268:History
254:beeswax
250:gelatin
194:extract
188:) is a
87:gelatin
1244:Toffee
1239:Tablet
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956:
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841:
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702:13 May
520:, and
494:cherry
363:, and
242:starch
129:; see
97:
79:starch
37:Haribo
1154:Fudge
729:salty
630:ether
579:Negro
559:Crows
546:candy
514:mango
510:apple
500:, or
357:edema
307:Fazer
262:anise
215:anise
121:) or
85:, or
1214:Rock
994:2020
964:PMID
946:ISSN
898:PMID
880:ISSN
839:PMID
776:ISBN
727:and
704:2024
632:and
421:any
419:cite
378:and
52:Type
954:PMC
938:hdl
930:doi
926:383
888:PMC
870:doi
829:doi
432:by
305:by
183:LIK
137:IPA
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