1765:
3588:
2802:
2221:
2453:
1934:
4199:"Brothers, because we are descended from the same families who, having left the Canary Islands formed a new advancement for the Spanish crown in inhospitable land ...", speech to the Isleño community of San Antonio, Texas in 1982. Paragraph taken from the book "La odisea de los canarios en Texas y Luisiana (The Odyssey of the Canaries in Texas and Louisiana)", chap. XV, San Fernando, El pĂșlpito de AmĂ©rica (The American Pulpit), pag, 99. Balbuema Castellano, JosĂ© Manuel.
1511:
2121:
56:(1763â1800) and other Spanish colonies in what is now the United States. Governors and explorers, who spent time in these places serving the Spanish crown but never settled in them as colonists, are not included, although they also helped shape the history of the present United States. This list shows notable people of Spanish and Mexican origin who lived in the Hispanic colonies now part of the United States, as well as their descendants.
3458:
3331:
3339:
3080:
1968:
2444:(1845â1919) Sugar cane planter from St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, who served as a Democrat in both houses of the Louisiana State Legislature between 1876 and 1900 and in the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana's 1st Congressional district from 1908 until his death. His ancestors came from the
2108:
When the
Spanish and Mexican territories were incorporated as part of the United States, their inhabitants automatically acquired American citizenship. Louisiana (which was Spanish between 1762 and 1800, when Spain gave back the territory to France) was ceded to the US by France in 1803, Florida was
1851:(1712âApril 10, 1760) Mayor of San Antonio, Texas, in 1741. He was one of the first settlers of San Antonio and laid the foundation for the creation of the first inheritable water supply sources (a concept perhaps first developed in the Canary Islands) in America. He was also the architect of the
2517:
3114:
American politician who served as chair of the
Democratic Caucus of the Colorado House of Representatives (1976â79), being the first woman to hold that office, and the first Hispanic woman elected to the Colorado State Senate as well as first elected to the House and Senate of a state
2962:
2939:(January 7, 1808 â July 25, 1879) Rancher, landowner and elected official in early Los Angeles, California, who served multiple terms on the Los Angeles Common Council (the forerunner to the present-day City Council) and the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors.
1558:
These are persons who were born and/or lived, and died, in the
Spanish or Mexican territories that later were incorporated in the United States. They were never Americans in the sense of persons born, raised or naturalized in the modern United States.
2254:(1826-1882) American soldier, sheriff and public official, was on the Los Angeles County, California, Board of Supervisors and was a member of the Los Angeles Common Council, the legislative branch of the city. He was a descendant of Spanish settlers.
2874:
who became a successful rancher, and served as a military commander during the
MexicanâAmerican War; he was elected to the state assembly and senate after California became a state, when he was also commissioned as a brigadier general in the state
3290:(1813â1862) Nun who founded the Catholic order of the Sisters of the Holy Family in New Orleans, which was composed of free women of color. Her mother was a Creole of color of French, Spanish and African ancestry and was born in New Orleans.
2556:(1825â1881) Mayor of Santa Barbara, California, several times a member of the Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors, California State Senator and Captain of California Volunteers in the American Civil War. He was son of Spanish soldier
3314:(September 28, 1900 – November 19, 1965) Cajun accordion player in southwest Louisiana, best known for the first recording of a Cajun song entitled "Allons Ă Lafayette" in 1928 . He was descendant of Isleños and Cajuns
3103:(1942â2004) Scholar of Chicana cultural theory, feminist theory, and queer theory, she was a descendant of many of the prominent Basque and Spanish explorers and settlers who came to the Americas in the 16th and 17th centuries.
2854:(January 9, 1830 â May 21, 1913) Union Army officer in the American Civil War and a cousin of Pedro Perea. He was a delegate for the Territory of New Mexico to the 38th United States Congress from Mary 4, 1863 to March 3, 1865.
1680:(1736â1800) A Spanish high-ranking military and civilian officer in Spanish Louisiana; he served as lieutenant governor under Bernardo de GĂĄlvez and as acting military governor in 1799. Founded the city of New Iberia in 1779.
2945:(1826â1882) Soldier, sheriff and public official, who served on the Los Angeles County, California, Board of Supervisors and was a member of the Los Angeles Common Council, the legislative branch of the city.
1817:(June 7, 1736, Vitoria, SpainâJune 26, 1803, Mission San Carlos BorromĂ©o de Carmelo) Basque Spanish missionary to Alta California, the second president and founder of the California Franciscan mission chain.
20:, both settlers and their descendants (either fully or partially of such origin), who were born or settled, between the early 16th century and 1850, in what is now the southwestern United States (including
2715:(1800â1879) Tejano military and politician who fought in the Texas Revolution and was mayor of San Antonio, Texas (1838â39). His great-great grandfather was one of the founders and early settlers of BĂ©xar.
1901:(c. 1725â1810) African-Mexican tailor from Guadalajara, Jalisco; who later became one of the 44 original settlers of the Pueblo de Los Angeles (present-day Los Angeles, California) on September 4, 1781.
2791:
between
September 1825 and 1827, and fought the Native Americans in the northern part of Mexico (now the southwestern United States) around the turn of the 19th century. He was of Spanish descent.
2951:(1742â1788) Mexican colonial soldier and patriarch of the prominent Spanish Mexican SepĂșlveda family in the early days of Las Californias and Alta California in present-day Southern California.
1714:(1670â1728) was a prominent entrepreneur and Spanish soldier who served as acting governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo MĂ©xico in 1716 and as interim governor of this territory from 1718 to 1721.
2164:(1795 - 1874) was a wealthy New Orleans-born aristocrat, businesswoman, and real estate developer, and one of the most dynamic personalities of that city's history. She was daughter of
3555:(February 10, 1916 – October 24, 2005) Member of the Los Angeles, California, City Council for thirteen years and of the U.S. House of Representatives for thirty years.
1911:("leather-jacketed soldier") on the 1769 Portola expedition, alcalde (municipal magistrate) of the Pueblo de Los Angeles for three terms, and recipient of the Spanish land grant for
3583:
Coloradan whose family was originally from New Mexico, he is an entrepreneur and an
American diplomat who served as the US Ambassador to Spain and Andorra between 1998 and 2001.
2544:(1776âc. 1851) a Tejano noted for being the first landowner in San Antonio, Texas and the first man to create a coin in the state; elected mayor of San Antonio in 1813 and 1832.
2500:
bandit who, with Pancho Daniel, led an outlaw gang known as "las
Manillas" (the Handcuffs) and later as the FloresâDaniel Gang, throughout Southern California during 1856â1857.
2051:(c. 1678â1741) Spanish explorer and settler of Texas who became captain of San Antonio de BĂ©jar Presidio and lived for many years with the Native Americans of East Texas.
3076:
These are descendants of
Spanish and Mexican settlers who were born in the United States after 1803 in Louisiana, after 1819 in Florida and after 1850 in the Southwest:
2017:(1742âJuly 16, 1806) Spanish Franciscan priest who accompanied explorer Juan de Ayala on the first Spanish naval entry aboard the San Carlos into the San Francisco Bay.
2721:(1802â7 September 1853) Brigadier general of the Mexican Army, adjutant-general of the same, governor, commandant-general and inspector of the department of California.
4418:
2200:(February 19, 1791 â December 23, 1857) Alta Californian noted for her romance with Nikolai Rezanov, a Russian promoter of the colonization of Alaska and California.
4371:
3302:, (1907â2004), son of Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Sr. Professor at Stanford University and an expert on Spanish linguistics, focusing on Spanish American folklore.
2857:
2576:(1789â1857) Spanish soldier from 1780â1821; after Mexican independence a Mexican (1821â57) soldier who served as Governor of Coahuila and Texas from 1824 to 1826.
3305:
3296:- (1880â1958). Professor who studied the Spanish American folklore and philology. He descended of the first New Mexicans to settle in Colorado in the mid-1800s.
3627:
in the administration of
President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013. He is a descendant of Spanish settlers in New Spain in 16th century. Brother of John Salazar
3453:(1847â1921) Prominent American military, politician, businessman, banker, chief of police and landowner whose political career was played in LouisianaÂŽs state.
2057:(December 17, 1778 â 1833) Spanish (1778â1821) and after Mexican independence a Mexican (1821â33) politician who served as governor of the Mexican state of
1764:
2298:( 1773 â1833) was a lawyer and politician, and served as a United States senator from Louisiana between 1824 and 1829. He was the son of Francisco Bouligny.
4188:
2957:(1775â1853) Landowner and progenitor of one of the branches of the prominent Spanish Mexican SepĂșlveda family in the early days of California's settlement.
2478:
of Yerba Buena, California (the precursor to San
Francisco), whose land holdings, known as Rancho San Leandro, formed the basis of the city of San Leandro.
2973:(October 27, 1806 â August 27, 1890) Nineteenth-century Texas senator, mayor, judge, and justice of the peace; he was a leader of the Texas Revolution.
2326:- (1808 â 1879) Rancher, landowner and member of the Los Angeles Common Council (modern City Council) and the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors.
3925:
2404:(1813â1862) Founded the Catholic order of the Sisters of the Holy Family in New Orleans, which was composed of free women of color. Her mother was a
2132:
Pioneer of 19th-century Los Angeles, California, politics in the early days of American rule. He was the last Hispanic mayor of the city until 2005.
2979:- (May 26, 1782 â October 30, 1857) Prominent citizen and politician in San Antonio de Bexar (modern-day San Antonio, Texas) in the 19th century.
3868:
M. Boniface Adams, "The Gift of Religious Leadership: Henriette Delille and the Foundation of the Holy Family Sisters," in Glenn R. Conrad, ed.,
2154:(1814 â 1884), member of the Mexican Congress, soldier in the Mexican Army during the MexicanâAmerican War, Indian agent appointed by President
2035:(1811â1849) Tejano soldier and recruiter and participant in the Texas Revolution on the Texian side. His father was a Spanish military officer.
76:
994:
3326:(20 March 1934 – 20 January 2012) Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santa Fe, New Mexico, in the United States.
3135:(1827â1895) Born in Saint Augustine, Florida, he was an officer in the United States Army. His grandfather was a Spanish settler in Florida.
2927:(1934â2012) Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Some of his ancestors were Spanish settlers in New Mexico.
1388:
3753:
2985:(1811â1849) (also known as Manuel Leal) was a Mexican soldier and a recruiter and participant in the Texas Revolution on the Texian side.
2861:
1895:(1764, San Xavier de Cavazan, Sonora, MĂ©xicoâ1819, San Gabriel, California) Established the prominent Pico family of Southern California.
4049:
3189:, the governing body of the city, in June 1868, December 1868 and in 1869, as well as the city auditor for eight years. His family were
2891:(1802â1876) President of the Los Angeles Common Council in the early 1850s. He served the city in both the Mexican and American periods.
2749:(1798â1850) Nineteenth-century Spanish artist, probably best known for the vibrantly colored frescoes that adorn the chapel interior at
2135:
4413:
2930:
1726:(December 16, 1776, EmpĂșries, Catalonia, SpainâJune 4, 1846, Santa Barbara, Alta California, Mexico) Franciscan friar and missionary.
4208:
2161:
3768:
3758:
3624:
122:
4374:, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientĂficas, Escuela de Estudios Hispano-Americanos, Sevilla, ed. Universidad de Sevilla,
2665:
2652:(February 25, 1849 â November 20, 1892) Delegate to the United States House of Representatives from the Territory of New Mexico.
3763:
4101:
3605:- (1890â1971) American actress of the silent film era. She was descended from early Castilian settlers of colonial California.
463:
4423:
4379:
3977:
3004:
2320:(June 27, 1833 â November 26, 1904) New Mexican military leader, politician, lawyer and rancher from the New Mexico Territory
1592:) A Spanish civil servant of New Orleans, today chiefly remembered for his numerous charitable benefactions to the city.
862:
4220:
3892:
4310:
3738:
2352:
rancher, officer, and politician in the early years of Mexican Alta California and California as part of the United States.
1683:
499:
4388:
4356:
4340:"...I became the first Mexican-American in the history of our country to ever be elected outside the state of New Mexico."
4372:
Texto en la web La expulsiĂłn de los españoles de MĂ©xico y su destino incierto, 1821â1836.JesĂșs Ruiz de Gordejuela Urquijo
3245:(April 10, 1910 – March 18, 1996) Franciscan priest, historian, author, poet, and painter from New Mexico.
3063:(March 24, 1829 â September 8, 1862) General in the Mexican army, best known for defeating invading French forces at the
2933:(April 11, 1805 â September 8, 1862) Commander of the San Francisco Presidio and the 8th alcalde of San Francisco in 1843
1540:
353:
112:
3513:(April 22, 1852 – January 11, 1906) Delegate from the Territory of New Mexico, cousin of Francisco Perea.
3385:(September 28, 1891 – October 22, 1918) American actress. Her paternal side comes from a native Hispanic
2727:(1802â1889) Pioneering resident of San Francisco, California who made a name for herself in multiple arenas of activity.
1857:, consisting of an aqueduct and seven gravity-flow canals to irrigate the lands of the Canarian settlers in San Antonio.
2020:
1745:
1742:(died April 8, 1830) Early settler of San Diego, California and a governing official during San Diego's Mexican period.
1455:
1696:(1749â1809) Early Hispanic settler of San Diego, California and founder of the Carrillo family in Spanish California.
4324:
4248:
4236:
4152:
3902:
2295:
1829:
Acting governor of Spanish Florida from 1663 to 1664, and from 1673 to 1675. He was born in Saint Augustine, Florida.
1661:
3491:(March 17, 1884 – September 2, 1934) Early white American jazz clarinetist, he was of Isleño descent.
3121:(1864â1917) First Hispano elected for office as Lieutenant Governor in New Mexico's first election. A member of the
2311:
2158:, and member of the Union Army (US Army) during the American Civil War. He was the first Hispanic Brigadier General.
1652:(1731â1796) Judge presiding over the distribution of public lands and mayor of San Antonio de BĂ©jar (1770 and 1787).
69:
4408:
4231:
Chaplin, Lita Grey and Jeffrey Vance. (1998). Wife of the Life of the Party. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, pg. 2-3;
3500:
3017:(1738â1810), Spanish-born soldier, fur trader, merchant and explorer. He emigrated to Missouri when it was part of
2810:
2241:
1295:
1268:
707:
346:
3153:(1884â1979), was an American social worker, biographer and newspaper editor. Stephen Vincent Benet's granddaughter
2982:
2314:(1809â1874) Tejano freedom fighter who opposed the Centralist government installed by Antonio LĂłpez de Santa Anna.
2032:
1598:(born Tortosa, Spain, January 30, 1747âdied Monterrey, New Spain, March 11, 1802) Spanish soldier and Governor of
4026:
3132:
2907:
of San Antonio during the Texas Revolution and was responsible for identifying the bodies of those killed at the
2563:
1773:
1243:
1114:
2429:
1922:
3853:
3725:
3308:(1869â1952) Attorney and politician from St. Bernard Parish in south Louisiana. He was son of Albert Estopinal.
3299:
3293:
2364:(1817â1897) Landowner in an area of Alta California which later became part of Contra Costa County, California.
1904:
1608:(1753â1828), Spanish soldier, California pioneer, founder of Los Angeles and twice a Spanish colonial governor.
1188:
831:
3700:
3549:
Television and film actor of Louisiana Creole (French, African American, Native American, and Spanish) descent
2750:
2557:
2547:
2277:
1994:
1945:(born Mairena del Alcor, June 19, 1728âdied New Orleans, April 25, 1798) Spanish civil servant in New Orleans.
1925:(1688âafter 1796) Spanish politician who served as mayor of San Antonio, Texas, in 1785 and 1796, as well as
3748:
3676:
3530:
3526:
1826:
1802:(1668 â 1742) Spanish official who served as Captain General, Governor and Mayor of Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico.
1717:
1353:
1253:
1218:
1173:
1084:
1009:
978:
427:
368:
311:
269:
183:
162:
95:
2948:
2528:(October 30, 1815 â April 21, 1875) Delegate to the United States Congress from the Territory of New Mexico.
2286:(1883â1969) Sheriff of Los Angeles County, his mother was descended from old Spanish settlers in California.
2080:
3773:
3372:
2914:
2655:
2145:
1445:
1440:
1322:
1312:
1288:
1198:
1163:
1109:
1094:
1089:
1014:
913:
902:
892:
734:
613:
489:
390:
198:
152:
3929:
3284:
Businessman from Lafayette, Louisiana, a Republican member of the Louisiana State Senate from District 23.
2361:
1942:
1832:
1581:
2797:(February 27, 1795 â January 13, 1871) Texas statesman, revolutionary, politician, rancher, and merchant.
2484:(?-1830) early settler of San Diego, California, and governing official during San Diego's Mexican period
2471:
2370:
Largest landowner in the San Fernando Valley section of Los Angeles, California, in the mid-19th Century.
1963:(c. January 28, 1783 â January 19, 1840) Soldier, revolutionary, educator, politician, and Texas Senator.
1880:
1760:(179?âSeptember 1835) General and the Mexican territorial governor of Alta California from 1833 to 1835.
1419:
1414:
1358:
1348:
1283:
1052:
1041:
682:
671:
666:
639:
557:
478:
412:
407:
306:
253:
243:
223:
188:
132:
3416:
3054:
2998:
2788:
2541:
2054:
2038:
1883:(born August 4, 1713 or 1714âdied April 11, 1785) Cartographer, as well as an artist, particularly as a
1848:
1711:
1605:
1258:
468:
4000:
3186:
3106:
2709:(1793â1867) New Mexican priest, educator, publisher, rancher, farmer, community leader, and politician.
2706:
2553:
2301:
2117:, while Texas separated from Mexico in 1836 and was annexed by the United States on December 29, 1845.
2077:(died 1833) Governor of the Mexican territory of Alta California from January 1831 to December 6, 1831.
1699:
1317:
1208:
1193:
1130:
1099:
1019:
1004:
983:
918:
872:
785:
780:
661:
623:
598:
542:
514:
494:
432:
316:
289:
233:
213:
208:
173:
157:
147:
137:
102:
90:
3870:
Cross, Crozier, and Crucible: A Volume Celebrating the Bicentennial of a Catholic Diocese in Louisiana
3420:
2579:
1776:(c. 1536 â after 1575) Spanish shipwreck survivor who lived among the Indians of Florida for 17 years.
1705:
1640:) known to have been born in what is now the United States. His birthplace was St. Augustine, Florida.
1278:
948:
644:
3666:
3661:
3122:
2988:
2481:
2435:
2245:
2165:
1789:
1739:
1729:
1409:
1398:
1373:
1327:
1300:
1228:
1203:
1142:
1079:
963:
897:
887:
867:
857:
846:
841:
769:
759:
754:
739:
651:
618:
588:
547:
442:
422:
385:
380:
258:
238:
203:
117:
3218:
2954:
2461:
2382:(October 21, 1817 Mexico CityâApril 17, 1894) Fourth mayor of Los Angeles, served from 1853 to 1854.
1693:
933:
525:
4263:
3743:
2894:
2848:- April 3, 1791 â May 9, 1874) Spanish settler in California, the eldest son of LuĂs MarĂa Peralta.
2724:
2197:
2114:
2110:
2026:
1842:
1643:
1631:
1514:
1383:
1337:
1263:
1233:
1223:
1213:
1125:
1104:
999:
928:
836:
826:
821:
692:
593:
552:
530:
458:
417:
363:
358:
279:
228:
85:
3872:(New Orleans: The Archdiocese in cooperation with the Center for Louisiana Studies, 1993), 360-74.
3369:(1908â1995) American actress, her mother's family was descended from a Californian Spanish family.
3144:
2345:
2317:
2292:(1842â1915) Member of the Los Angeles, California, Common Council, the governing body of the city.
1611:
1072:
1057:
3716:
3608:
3571:, including the stories and language of Hispanics from northern New Mexico and Southern Colorado.
3536:
3232:
3118:
2882:
2839:
2413:
2267:
2064:
1948:
1754:(1741â1822), member of the 1775-76 Anza expedition that brought the first settlers to California.
1751:
1646:(1706âafter 1764) Spanish politician who served as mayor of San Antonio, Texas, in 1738 and 1764.
1617:
1533:
1466:
1424:
1332:
1147:
811:
749:
744:
656:
603:
504:
473:
447:
437:
395:
373:
142:
3848:. Lafayette, Louisiana: The Center for Louisiana Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana.
3721:
3469:(1845â1906) Soldier in the Louisiana Native Guards during the Civil War and later a stage actor.
3317:
2794:
2639:
2525:
2213:
1954:
4144:
3648:
3587:
3398:
3323:
3051:, having thousands of cattle and horses grazing on land grants totaling more than 35,000 acres.
2924:
2900:
2833:
2700:
2487:
2432:(died 1871) Mexican governor of Alta California, from 1825 to 1831 and again from 1832 to 1833.
2260:(1800âNovember 4, 1859) Peruvian-born early settler of what would become San Diego, California.
2187:
2175:
2014:
1976:
1860:
1793:
1687:
1368:
1273:
1168:
1158:
790:
712:
535:
326:
127:
4366:
4168:
2615:
1960:
3823:
3645:(1881â1965)- Nuevomexicana woman's suffragist, educator, and politician in the United States
3350:(1931-2018) American actor of Chilean and Mexican descent. His paternal ancestors, including
3214:
3147:(1898â1943) American poet, short story writer, and novelist. Stephen Vincent Benet's grandson
3018:
2936:
2685:(1837â1884) American chess player, he was from a Creole family of French and Spanish descent.
2329:
2323:
1248:
968:
958:
953:
336:
53:
3808:
Arthur, Stanley C., Arthur, Stanley Clisby & de Kernion, George Campbell Huchet (1998).
3617:- former Congressman for Colorado's 3rd congressional district, serving from 2005 until 2011
3138:
3044:
2691:- TV News Reporter; from a Creole family in Louisiana of French, Spanish and African origin.
2244:(1825â1912) Wealthy Los Angeles landowner, she was the granddaughter of the Spanish captain
2096:
1720:(1680â1760) Spanish politician who served as mayor of San Antonio, Texas, in 1737 and 1739.
1569:
3642:
3504:
3210:
3196:
3094:
2814:
2629:
2493:
2099:(July 20, 1743 â January 16, 1825) Spanish soldier and early settler of Spanish California.
1898:
1892:
1498:
1450:
284:
3797:
3071:
2697:(1827â1905) Venezuelan born shipbuilder and shipowner settled in San Francisco, California
2203:
1799:
8:
3494:
3376:
3236:
3027:(1798â1868) - Mountain man and trader. Born in Missouri, he was the son of Benito VĂĄzquez
2942:
2908:
2881:(May 5, 1801 â September 11, 1894) Last Mexican governor of Alta California, namesake of
2718:
2682:
2367:
2283:
2251:
1866:
1809:
973:
938:
923:
816:
795:
608:
4285:
3685:
3030:
2388:(1795â1862) Settler in early Los Angeles and a member of the Los Angeles Common Council.
4252:
3564:
3558:
3546:
3408:
3401:- American lawyer and politician serving as the 32nd governor of New Mexico since 2019.
3355:
3239:
in New Mexico's first election, and also a descendant of the Baca Family of New Mexico.
3008:
2770:
2531:
2379:
2090:
2086:
2000:
1916:
1912:
1814:
1677:
1625:
1575:
1526:
1487:
1393:
1378:
1135:
877:
702:
583:
578:
509:
341:
321:
107:
62:
3441:(1849â1892) Delegate to the House of Representatives from the Territory of New Mexico.
3100:
2600:
and a leader of Black Seminole units fighting against United States troops during the
2573:
2048:
1805:
1649:
4375:
4273:
4232:
4148:
4118:
4032:
3973:
3898:
3849:
3472:
3351:
3287:
3182:
3170:
3160:
2784:
2401:
2289:
2276:
Early Basque Spanish settlers of Alta California who held extensive land grants (see
2129:
2068:
1779:
1585:
1238:
1067:
1062:
764:
717:
697:
562:
331:
274:
248:
4137:
3567:(1900â1993) Ethnographer, linguist, and folklorist who was a pioneer in New Mexican
3014:
2746:
1796:, who served as the Acting Governor and accountant of Florida between 1646 and 1648.
1655:
1563:
4268:
4098:
3580:
3574:
3552:
3476:
3466:
3450:
3438:
3432:
3164:
3064:
3060:
3001:(1778â1833) governor of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas from 1832 until 1833.
2825:
2819:
2801:
2760:
2740:
2712:
2694:
2688:
2672:
2649:
2605:
2535:
2503:
2441:
2419:
2335:
2332:(c. 1818â1889), known as El Leoncito (the Little Lion) Soldier in the Mexican Army.
2273:
2263:
2220:
2058:
1595:
1482:
1477:
1429:
1178:
1029:
882:
806:
727:
218:
193:
178:
3426:
3057:(1798â1842) Printer, soldier, and provisional Mexican Governor of Alta California.
2976:
2739:(1806â1874) Prominent Tejano landowner and Mexican army captain who fought in the
1951:(c. 1742â1792) Governor of Alta California and Baja California from 1791 to 1792.
1757:
1723:
4392:
4360:
4105:
4094:
3967:
3671:
3596:
3540:
3444:
3412:
3382:
3242:
3176:
3048:
2851:
2845:
2780:
2776:
2593:
2586:
descent; he was a soldier, politician, and owner of three plantations in Florida.
2509:
2452:
2405:
2385:
2339:
2235:
2191:
2155:
2151:
2139:
2074:
1988:
1736:
attached inspector who served as interim governor of Texas between 1834 and 1835.
1671:
1667:
1599:
1183:
722:
634:
400:
3949:
3710:
3159:(1910â1990) American stage, film and television actress, her mother was actress
4385:
4353:
3881:
John Steven McGroarty, 1921, 'Los Angeles from the Mountains to the Sea', pp699
3778:
3733:
3636:
3561:
American true crime writer and historian of Isleño, Cajun and Sicilian descent.
3533:
parishes in southeastern Louisiana during the middle third of the 20th century.
3482:
3360:
3266:
3141:(1886â1950) American poet, writer, and editor. Stephen Vincent Benet's grandson
3126:
3040:
2888:
2730:
2703:(February 8, 1808 â September 17, 1853) Early settler of San Diego, California.
2534:(1807â1882), rancher in Goliad. He fought against the General Santa Ana in the
2445:
2409:
2398:
who fought in the MexicanâAmerican War, later a Los Angeles County Supervisor).
2210:
soldier in the Spanish army of the Viceroyalty of New Spain in Las Californias.
1853:
1838:
1636:
1024:
943:
687:
567:
296:
3897:. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press. pp. 133â135.
3150:
2970:
2897:(1804â1875) Roman Catholic friar prominent in the early history of California.
2867:
2763:(c. 1829âc. July 25, 1853) His life provided the basis for the fictional hero
2355:
1933:
4402:
3525:(July 16, 1891 – March 19, 1969) Democratic political boss of
3522:
3254:
3248:
3088:
3024:
2601:
2391:
2373:
2229:
1980:
1036:
3956:, the quarterly journal of the Santa Barbara Trust for Historic Preservation
2773:(1797â1867) Tejano who served as political chief of Texas from 1828 to 1834.
2550:(March 6, 1779 â February 18, 1858) Soldier and early settler in California.
1628:. He was also a land commissioner and associate of Austin's early colonists.
4036:
3651:(1861â1955) Tejano teacher, historian and preservationist of Texas history.
3630:
3614:
3488:
3392:
3272:
3260:
3206:
3202:
3156:
2625:
2624:(1772, New Orleans - 1820) Spanish fur trader, explorer, and United States
2257:
2169:
1984:
1967:
1566:(died 8 August 1837) governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo MĂ©xico from 1832 to 1833
4121:, Jewish-American History Documentation Foundation. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
3969:
Legal History of the Color Line: The Rise and Triumph of the One-Drop Rule
3275:- His great-grandmother was born in Los Angeles in the early 19th century.
3079:
4132:
3952:
by Edson T. Strobridge, originally published in the Summer 2000 issue of
3696:
3681:
3620:
3568:
3516:
3510:
3404:
3278:
2733:(1915â1978) Democratic United States Senator from the state of New Mexico
2632:, an early fur trading company, and was also among the first settlers of
2621:
2184:
and twice governor of Alta California, from 1836 to 1837 and 1838 to 1842
1997:(1767 Etxebarriâ1835 Soledad) Basque Spanish missionary to the Americas.
1885:
1589:
301:
3950:
The California State Military Museum, Captain Antonio Maria de la Guerra
3611:(1898â2000) weaver, head of New Mexico's largest Hispanic weaving family
2878:
4249:
MeXicana encounters: the making of social identities on the borderlands
3691:
3602:
3347:
3311:
3226:
3111:
3072:
Descendants of Spanish and Mexican settlers in the modern United States
2754:
2589:
2180:
2120:
1870:
1835:(1631 - ?) - Spanish soldier and member of the Novomexicana elite.
29:
21:
2842:(1759, Sonora, New SpainâAugust 26, 1851) Soldier in the Spanish Army.
2023:(March 3, 1760 â August 24, 1823) Spanish missionary to the Americas.
1979:(June 4, 1709 â January 21, 1796) Veteran Spanish captain who founded
3366:
3222:
2822:(1844â1904) a Congressional delegate from the Territory of New Mexico
2736:
1820:
1733:
3281:
3179:(1906â1958) Actress and dancer, sister of Joan and Constance Bennett
2512:(c. 1806â1855) Served as a volunteer in the Texan Army in 1835â1836.
2358:(1808âFebruary 1860) General in the Mexican army of Alta California.
2003:- (18th century) New Mexican prominent military and the governor of
1664:(1752â1803) was a rancher known as the first "cattle queen" of Texas
4189:
Conservative and Hispanic, Linda Chavez Carves Out Leadership Niche
3457:
3320:(August 14, 1896 – August 8, 1978) Isleño politician
2633:
2609:
2109:
sold by Spain in 1819 and the Southwest passed to the US after the
2004:
37:
3330:
2516:
2506:(c. 1801â1868) Served as a volunteer in the Texan army in 1835â38.
2376:(July 16, 1810 â June 25, 1885) Early California pioneer and guide
3706:
3338:
2597:
2583:
2426:(mayor) of Los Angeles (1832), he was of Spanish settler descent.
1877:, and for his exploration of the area where the city was founded.
1792:(1613âNovember 20, 1684) Spanish soldier and settler resident in
1363:
49:
25:
4367:
EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica : Hispanic Heritage in The Americas
2864:
in 1787-1792. He lived in New Orleans from 1790 until his death.
4004:
Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History.
2438:(1781-1840) Governor of Coahuila y Tejas between 1834 and 1835.
1621:
45:
3928:. San Leandro Historical Society. May 28, 2007. Archived from
2961:
3263:
Her father's ancestors came to New Mexico from Spain in 1601.
2764:
2041:(1705â1779) Spanish judge and politician who served as first
2008:
1874:
33:
3479:, who was of English, Spanish, Jewish, and African ancestry.
3199:(1824â1864) U.S. Congressman, grandson of Francisco Bouligny
3167:, who was of English, Spanish, Jewish, and African ancestry.
2570:
of Yerba Buena (later named San Francisco) in 1836 and 1839.
4209:
Los latinos en el congreso de EEUU podrĂan producer cambios
3375:(1862â1940) Isleño politician who served as first Mayor of
2216:(1813â1857) Son of Santiago ArgĂŒello, born August 18, 1813.
2103:
1786:(Mayor) of Yerba Buena (later named San Francisco) in 1834.
41:
3539:(1871â1946) American cornetist and bandleader born into a
1748:(1712â1767) Spanish settler of Tamaulipas and South Texas.
3007:(1815-1891) Californio-born. She was an early settler of
2592:(c. 1812â1882) African-American military adviser to the
1808:
Tejano soldier who served in the Mexican army during the
2232:- (ca. 1793â1853) Three times as governor of New Mexico.
1670:, a Basque Spanish explorer and the seventh governor of
2238:(1847 - 1920), an early Colorado legislator and senator
4311:'I'm From Here': Not All Hispanics Are Recent Arrivals
1873:
known for officiating at the first Mass celebrated in
1578:(c. 1792â1847) Early settler in San Diego, California.
4325:"At Fore on Immigration, Senator Has a Story to Tell"
3815:
1823:(1676â1742 or 1743) First Mayor of San Antonio, Texas
1708:- (1768-1838) Governor of Mexican New Mexico in 1822.
1658:(c. 1767 â 1834) Governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo MĂ©xico
4124:
3846:
A History of the Bouligny Family and Allied Families
3407:
American actor and singer. They are a descendant of
3257:(1888â1962) Democratic U.S. Senator from New Mexico.
3173:(1904â1965) American actress, sister of Joan Bennett
1863:(1734â1804) Soldier from the Presidio of San Diego.
4024:
3701:
List of Notable Hispanos of New Mexico and Colorado
3485:(1915â1978) Democratic U.S. Senator from New Mexico
3251:
New Mexican author, playwright, and stage director.
4136:
4130:
3435:, Former US Congressman, Secretary of the Interior
2490:(1818, New Spainâ1866) Officer in the Mexican Army
1957:(1754â1839) Early settler of San Diego, California
1841:(1765âJune 14, 1823) Spanish army officer in the
1702:(b. 1810 d. ?) Californio soldier and rancher
4419:People of the colonial Southwest of North America
4386:Index to the DeWitt Colony Region under New Spain
4354:Index to the DeWitt Colony Region under New Spain
3235:(1864â1917) First Hispanic elected for office as
2338:(June 6, 1808 â January 26, 1868) Founder of the
4400:
4161:
4099:http://parentseyes.arizona.edu/tubac/cpt8-G2.htm
2628:, he was among the founders in St. Louis of the
3447:, American politician who served in New Mexico.
2618:(1804â1856) Spanish missionary to the Americas.
2496:(c. 1834âFebruary 14, 1857) Nineteenth-century
2190:(November 19, 1798 â June 18, 1853) Grantee of
2045:(high sheriff) (1731â79) of San Antonio, Texas.
1686:(1793-1849) Californio ranchera and founder of
3965:
3890:
3821:
2468:and an early settler of San Diego, California.
1572:(1627âc. 1666) Spanish official in New Mexico.
3543:family of Spanish, French and African descent
3047:, was one of the most successful ranchers in
2266:(November 1, 1823 â November 9, 1891) Tejano
1534:
3519:American Isleño décima singer and woodcarver
2995:military commander, politician, and rancher.
2148:- (1792â1866) Governor of New Mexico in 1846
1987:in Mexico, at the time the only town in the
4316:
3754:List of governors of California before 1850
3097:(1855â1918), member of the Colorado Senate.
4309:Jessica Montoya Coggins (April 11, 2014).
4025:White, Michael C.; Savage, Thomas (1956).
3021:and lived there until the end of his life.
2582:(May 26, 1788 â June 8, 1857) American of
2308:soldier, rancher, surveyor, and magistrate
1553:
1541:
1527:
4075:
3959:
2832:politician and diplomat, he was the 12th
4119:A Black, Jewish Officer in the Civil War
4063:
3802:
3586:
3456:
3337:
3329:
3078:
3043:(1800â1858) Son of the Spanish soldier,
2960:
2870:(November 18, 1810 â February 14, 1876)
2800:
2515:
2451:
2219:
2162:Micaela Almonester, Baroness de Pontalba
2136:José Antonio Aguirre (early Californian)
2119:
2104:Naturalized Americans of colonial origin
1966:
1932:
1763:
469:Dominican Americans (Dominican Republic)
4322:
4054:
3769:List of colonial governors of Louisiana
3759:List of Spanish governors of New Mexico
3625:United States Secretary of the Interior
2604:in Florida. He was a Seminole slave of
1614:(1784-1830) Governor of Alta California
4401:
4097:(1959). Tubac Through Four Centuries.
3843:
3764:List of Texas governors and presidents
2862:Lieutenant Governor of Upper Louisiana
2828:(October 31, 1831 â January 23, 1899)
1624:who served five terms as the mayor of
4018:
3837:
3395:- Tejano actress of colonial descent.
3125:, he is a descendant of the original
3005:Francisca Benicia Carrillo de Vallejo
2416:ancestry and was born in New Orleans.
2270:colonel during the American Civil War
2178:, February 14, 1809 â July 13, 1882)
4169:"José Raimundo Carrillo (1749-1809)"
3739:Spanish colonization of the Americas
3726:List of Notable Isleños in Louisiana
3475:American actress, daughter of actor
3033:(April 11, 1835 â March 19, 1875) a
2779:(1773â1830) Spanish soldier born in
2138:(1799â1860) Merchant and rancher in
2083:Governor of Texas from 1741 to 1743.
4028:California all the way back to 1828
3993:
3918:
2991:- (4 July 1807 â 18 January 1890)
2304:(born 1810, date of death unknown)
2089:(1729â1809), pioneering settler of
1732:(1781â1840) Military personnel and
13:
3363:(1893â1963) Film and theater actor
2646:landowner in the Los Angeles area.
1889:(wood-carver of religious images).
14:
4435:
4414:Mexican people of Spanish descent
4347:
3894:The Canary Islanders of Louisiana
2921:(mayor) of San Francisco in 1845.
2296:Charles Dominique Joseph Bouligny
1845:, an explorer of Alta California.
4264:"Faces of America: Eva Longoria"
3798:Jose Antonio Aguirre (1799-1860)
3501:Miguel Antonio Otero (born 1859)
3497:Isleño politician from Louisiana
2811:Miguel Antonio Otero (born 1829)
2677:Rancho del RincĂłn de San Pascual
2242:Arcadia Bandini de Stearns Baker
2224:Arcadia Bandini de Stearns Baker
2113:(1846â1848) by the terms of the
1782:(1792âNovember 28, 1849) First
1510:
1509:
4323:Johnson, Kirk (June 11, 2006).
4303:
4278:
4257:
4242:
4225:
4214:
4202:
4193:
4182:
4111:
4088:
4043:
4009:
3966:Frank W. Sweet (31 July 2005).
3633:Isleño musician from Louisiana.
3599:Isleño politician in Louisiana.
3577:Isleño politician in Louisiana.
3221:(1749â1809) Spanish settler in
3217:, his great-great grandfather,
2666:Eulalia Pérez de Guillén Mariné
2612:, and African-American descent.
2564:Francisco Guerrero (politician)
1774:Hernando de Escalante Fontaneda
1684:MarĂa Ygnacia LĂłpez de Carrillo
1634:(born 1566) First white child (
4272:series (2010), with Professor
4001:"Horse, John (ca. 1812â1882)."
3943:
3884:
3875:
3862:
3791:
3300:Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Jr.
3294:Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Sr.
2194:, Alcalde (mayor) of San José.
1905:Juan Francisco Reyes (soldier)
464:Dominican Americans (Dominica)
1:
4221:Memoirs by Lita Grey Chaplin.
3784:
3749:List of viceroys of New Spain
3677:Hispanic and Latino Americans
2983:Manuel Antonio Santiago TarĂn
2394:(1816â1887) Captain with the
2067:(1751â1831) Recipient of the
2033:Manuel Antonio Santiago TarĂn
2021:José Francisco de Paula Señan
1746:Blas MarĂa de la Garza FalcĂłn
1718:Juan Curbelo (Tejano settler)
4424:Lists of people by ethnicity
3774:Royal Governor of La Florida
3373:Joseph Gonzales (politician)
2656:Francisco Antonio Manzanares
2146:Juan Bautista Vigil y Alarid
1662:Rosa MarĂa Hinojosa de BallĂ
7:
4395:at Texas A&M University
4363:at Texas A&M University
3972:. Backintyme. p. 380.
3812:. Pelican Publishing. p.399
3686:List of notable Californios
3655:
2903:(c. 1804âOctober 18, 1876)
2751:Mission San Miguel ArcĂĄngel
2558:José de la Guerra y Noriega
2548:José de la Guerra y Noriega
2464:(2 Nov 1803âJuly 20, 1852)
2278:José de los Reyes Berryessa
1995:Vicente Francisco de SarrĂa
1881:Bernardo de Miera y Pacheco
10:
4440:
4145:Holt, Rinehart and Winston
4031:. Los Angeles: G. Dawson.
3269:Politician and businessman
3187:Los Angeles Common Council
3185:(1842â1915) Member of the
3107:Avila family of California
2949:Francisco Xavier SepĂșlveda
2813:Spanish politician in the
2662:businessman and politician
2554:Antonio Maria de la Guerra
2081:TomĂĄs Felipe de Winthuisen
1700:Guillermo Castro (soldier)
1389:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
4006:Retrieved 26 August 2012.
3844:Martin, Fontaine (1990).
3810:Old Families of Louisiana
3667:List of Mexican Americans
3662:List of Spanish Americans
3123:Baca Family of New Mexico
2989:Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo
2312:JosĂ© MarĂa JesĂșs Carbajal
2172:Louise Denis de la Ronde.
2166:Andres Almonester y Rojas
1943:Andrés Almonaster y Rojas
1937:Andrés Almonaster y Rojas
1833:Juan DomĂnguez de Mendoza
1790:Pedro Benedit Horruytiner
1582:Andrés Almonaster y Rojas
4313:. Published on NBC News.
3744:Viceroyalty of New Spain
3417:Santa Fe de Nuevo MĂ©xico
3055:AgustĂn Vicente Zamorano
2999:Juan MartĂn de Veramendi
2789:Santa Fe de Nuevo MĂ©xico
2725:Juana Briones de Miranda
2542:José Antonio de la Garza
2115:Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty
2055:Juan MartĂn de Veramendi
2039:Vicente Ălvarez Travieso
1929:(councilor) of the city.
1849:Antonio RodrĂguez Medero
1843:Viceroyalty of New Spain
1827:NicolĂĄs Ponce de LeĂłn II
1712:Antonio Valverde y CosĂo
1644:Ignacio Lorenzo de Armas
4409:Lists of Spanish people
4108:. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
3926:"San Leandro's History"
3891:Gilbert C. Din (1988).
3822:Patricia Baker (1969).
3717:Louisiana Creole people
3711:List of Notable Tejanos
3421:Francisco Xavier ChĂĄvez
3233:Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca
3119:Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca
3083:Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca
2915:José de la Cruz Sånchez
2883:Pico Rivera, California
2580:Joseph Marion HernĂĄndez
2430:JosĂ© MarĂa de EcheandĂa
1869:(1630â1722) a Spanish
1706:Francisco Xavier ChĂĄvez
1618:Gaspar Flores de Abrego
1554:Spanish and Mexican era
3649:Adina Emilia de Zavala
3592:
3462:
3399:Michelle Lujan Grisham
3343:
3335:
3324:Robert Fortune Sanchez
3219:José Raimundo Carrillo
3084:
2966:
2925:Robert Fortune Sanchez
2901:Francisco Antonio Ruiz
2834:Governor of California
2806:
2679:in southern California
2521:
2472:JosĂ© JoaquĂn Estudillo
2462:José Antonio Estudillo
2457:
2225:
2176:Juan Bautista Alvarado
2125:
2124:Juan Bautista Alvarado
2071:land grant, San Diego.
2029:(1764â1808) Landowner.
2015:Vicente de Santa Maria
1972:
1938:
1794:St. Augustine, Florida
1769:
1694:José Raimundo Carrillo
4274:Henry Louis Gates Jr.
4171:. sandiegohistory.org
4050:Poul Morphy Genealogy
3826:. sandiegohistory.org
3590:
3460:
3354:, were landowners in
3341:
3333:
3306:Albert Estopinal, Jr.
3145:Stephen Vincent Benét
3133:Stephen Vincent Benét
3082:
2964:
2917:(1799â1878) Eleventh
2804:
2787:. He was governor of
2707:Antonio JosĂ© MartĂnez
2519:
2455:
2346:José Antonio Carrillo
2330:Manuel Antonio Chaves
2318:José Francisco Chaves
2223:
2123:
2061:from 1832 until 1833.
1970:
1936:
1767:
1612:Luis Antonio ArgĂŒello
123:Antiguan and Barbudan
96:African-American Jews
4290:Diario El Carabobeño
4139:The Bennett Playbill
4060:Moore (2004), p. 18.
3824:"The Bandini Family"
3722:Isleños in Louisiana
3643:Adelina Otero-Warren
3505:New Mexico Territory
3318:Joachim O. FernĂĄndez
3211:political cartoonist
3197:John Edward Bouligny
3163:, daughter of actor
3095:Antonio D. Archuleta
2815:New Mexico Territory
2805:Miguel Antonio Otero
2795:José Antonio Navarro
2783:when it was part of
2640:José del Carmen Lugo
2630:Missouri Fur Company
2566:(1811â13 July 1851)
2526:José Manuel Gallegos
2520:José Antonio Navarro
2482:JosĂ© MarĂa Estudillo
2456:Jose Maria Estudillo
2436:Juan José Elguézabal
2246:JosĂ© MarĂa Estudillo
2214:Santiago E. ArgĂŒello
2111:MexicanâAmerican War
1955:Francisco MarĂa Ruiz
1899:Luis Manuel Quintero
1740:JosĂ© MarĂa Estudillo
1730:Juan José Elguézabal
832:Kittian and Nevisian
3932:on January 30, 2008
3495:Samuel B. Nunez Jr.
3377:Gonzales, Louisiana
3237:Lieutenant Governor
3205:(1881â1961) Actor,
2955:Francisco SepĂșlveda
2943:Tomas Avila Sanchez
2909:Battle of the Alamo
2895:José Gonzålez Rubio
2719:Manuel Micheltorena
2683:Paul Charles Morphy
2616:José Joaquin Jimeno
2474:(1800â1852) Second
2368:Eulogio F. de Celis
2284:Eugene W. Biscailuz
2252:Tomas Avila Sanchez
2198:ConcepciĂłn ArgĂŒello
2027:Juan JosĂ© SepĂșlveda
1971:José Francisco Ruiz
1961:José Francisco Ruiz
1867:Antonio de Olivares
1810:Battle of the Alamo
1768:Friar FermĂn LasuĂ©n
1632:MartĂn de ArgĂŒelles
1606:JosĂ© DarĂo ArgĂŒello
4391:2010-10-03 at the
4359:2010-10-03 at the
4329:The New York Times
4253:Rosa Linda Fregoso
4104:2013-11-13 at the
3593:
3565:Juan Bautista Rael
3559:Matthew Randazzo V
3463:
3356:Spanish California
3344:
3336:
3139:William Rose Benét
3085:
3045:José Antonio Yorba
3009:Sonoma, California
2967:
2840:LuĂs MarĂa Peralta
2807:
2532:Carlos de la Garza
2522:
2458:
2380:Antonio F. Coronel
2226:
2126:
2097:José Antonio Yorba
2091:Nacogdoches, Texas
2087:Antonio Gil Ybarbo
2065:JosĂ© MarĂa Verdugo
2001:Manuel de Sandoval
1973:
1949:José Antonio Roméu
1939:
1923:Salvador RodrĂguez
1913:Rancho Los Encinos
1770:
1752:José Vicente Féliz
1678:Francisco Bouligny
1674:from 1794 to 1800.
1626:San Antonio, Texas
1576:Rosario E. Aguilar
1570:NicolĂĄs de Aguilar
63:Lists of Americans
4380:978-84-00-08467-7
4071:Handbook of Texas
3979:978-0-939479-23-8
3473:Adrienne Morrison
3352:Cayetano Apablasa
3288:Henriette DeLille
3183:Dionisio Botiller
3171:Constance Bennett
3161:Adrienne Morrison
2931:Francisco SĂĄnchez
2785:Spanish Louisiana
2701:Juan MarĂa MarrĂłn
2488:JosĂ© MarĂa Flores
2402:Henriette DeLille
2290:Dionisio Botiller
2204:Santiago ArgĂŒello
2188:JosĂ© MarĂa Alviso
2168:, and aristocrat
2130:Cristobal Aguilar
2069:Rancho San Rafael
2007:(1729â1733 ) and
1977:Don TomĂĄs SĂĄnchez
1800:Juan PĂĄez Hurtado
1780:Francisco de Haro
1586:Mairena del Alcor
1551:
1550:
558:French Polynesian
479:Dutch West Indian
270:Caucasian peoples
91:African Americans
4431:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4320:
4314:
4307:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4282:
4276:
4269:Faces of America
4261:
4255:
4246:
4240:
4229:
4223:
4218:
4212:
4206:
4200:
4197:
4191:
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4158:
4142:
4128:
4122:
4115:
4109:
4095:Dobyns, Henry F.
4092:
4086:
4079:
4073:
4067:
4061:
4058:
4052:
4047:
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4040:
4022:
4016:
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3831:
3819:
3813:
3806:
3800:
3795:
3581:Edward L. Romero
3575:Junior Rodriguez
3553:Edward R. Roybal
3503:Governor of the
3467:Morris W. Morris
3461:Joseph M Montoya
3451:Louis H. Marrero
3445:Patricia Madrid
3439:Tranquilino Luna
3429:, US Congressman
3389:family of Spain.
3091:American author.
3065:Battle of Puebla
3061:Ignacio Zaragoza
3031:Tiburcio VĂĄsquez
2937:JuliĂĄn A. ChĂĄvez
2826:Romualdo Pacheco
2820:Mariano S. Otero
2761:Joaquin Murrieta
2741:Texas Revolution
2713:Antonio Menchaca
2695:Domingo Marcucci
2689:Suzanne Malveaux
2673:supercentenarian
2650:Tranquilino Luna
2536:Texas Revolution
2504:Manuel N. Flores
2442:Albert Estopinal
2420:Manuel Dominguez
2336:Jacob De Cordova
2324:JuliĂĄn A. ChĂĄvez
2302:Guillermo Castro
2274:Berryessa family
2264:Santos Benavides
2059:Coahuila y Tejas
1909:Soldado de cuero
1596:Pedro de Alberni
1543:
1536:
1529:
1513:
1512:
898:Louisiana Creole
59:
58:
18:list of Hispanos
4439:
4438:
4434:
4433:
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4430:
4429:
4428:
4399:
4398:
4393:Wayback Machine
4361:Wayback Machine
4350:
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4344:
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4331:
4321:
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4187:
4183:
4174:
4172:
4167:
4166:
4162:
4155:
4131:Bennett, Joan;
4129:
4125:
4116:
4112:
4106:Wayback Machine
4093:
4089:
4080:
4076:
4068:
4064:
4059:
4055:
4048:
4044:
4023:
4019:
4014:
4010:
3998:
3994:
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3842:
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3829:
3827:
3820:
3816:
3807:
3803:
3796:
3792:
3787:
3672:Cuban Americans
3658:
3597:Trinidad Romero
3547:Robert Ri'chard
3541:Creole of Color
3413:Francisco Perea
3383:Myrtle Gonzalez
3334:Myrtle Gonzalez
3243:Angelico Chavez
3215:conservationist
3177:Barbara Bennett
3101:Gloria AnzaldĂșa
3074:
3067:on May 5, 1862.
3049:Alta California
2852:Francisco Perea
2846:Ignacio Peralta
2777:Antonio Narbona
2668:(c. 1766â1878)
2642:(1813âc. 1870)
2594:Seminole Indian
2574:Rafael GonzĂĄles
2510:Salvador Flores
2406:Creole of color
2386:Ygnacio Coronel
2340:Jamaica Gleaner
2236:Casimiro Barela
2192:Rancho Milpitas
2156:Abraham Lincoln
2152:Diego Archuleta
2140:Alta California
2106:
2075:Manuel Victoria
2049:José de Urrutia
1989:Nuevo Santander
1893:JosĂ© MarĂa Pico
1806:Damacio Jiménez
1672:Las Californias
1668:Diego de Borica
1650:SimĂłn de Arocha
1600:Alta California
1588:, Spain â 1798
1556:
1547:
1456:Virgin Islander
1000:Native Hawaiian
995:Native American
888:Liechtensteiner
635:Habesha peoples
36:, southwestern
12:
11:
5:
4437:
4427:
4426:
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4411:
4397:
4396:
4383:
4369:
4364:
4349:
4348:External links
4346:
4343:
4342:
4315:
4302:
4286:"Somos Primos"
4277:
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4241:
4224:
4213:
4201:
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4117:Downey, Phil,
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4015:Goodwin (book)
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3779:List of Cajuns
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3741:
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3734:Spanish Empire
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3689:
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3657:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3646:
3640:
3639:Tejano singer.
3637:Jaci Velasquez
3634:
3628:
3618:
3612:
3609:Agueda Salazar
3606:
3600:
3591:Jaci VelĂĄsquez
3585:
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3572:
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3556:
3550:
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3483:Joseph Montoya
3480:
3477:Lewis Morrison
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3448:
3442:
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3361:William Gaxton
3358:
3328:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3297:
3291:
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3276:
3270:
3267:Henry Cisneros
3264:
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3240:
3230:
3200:
3194:
3180:
3174:
3168:
3165:Lewis Morrison
3154:
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3116:
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3073:
3070:
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3041:Bernardo Yorba
3038:
3028:
3022:
3015:Benito VĂĄzquez
3012:
3002:
2996:
2986:
2980:
2974:
2959:
2958:
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2940:
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2889:Manuel Requena
2886:
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2843:
2837:
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2799:
2798:
2792:
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2747:Esteban MunrĂĄs
2744:
2734:
2731:Joseph Montoya
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2446:Canary Islands
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2348:(1796â1862) a
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2100:
2094:
2084:
2078:
2072:
2062:
2052:
2046:
2043:alguacil mayor
2036:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2012:
1998:
1992:
1965:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1931:
1930:
1920:
1902:
1896:
1890:
1878:
1864:
1858:
1854:Espada Acequia
1846:
1839:Gabriel Moraga
1836:
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1656:Bartolomé Baca
1653:
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1564:Santiago AbreĂș
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1269:Indo-Caribbean
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1214:Sierra Leonean
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264:
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4237:0-8108-3432-4
4234:
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4210:
4205:
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4154:0-03-081840-0
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3904:0-8071-1383-2
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3557:
3554:
3551:
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3545:
3542:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3523:Leander Perez
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3484:
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3465:
3464:
3459:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3427:Ben Ray LujĂĄn
3425:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3384:
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3325:
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3310:
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3301:
3298:
3295:
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3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3255:Dennis Chavez
3253:
3250:
3249:Denise Chavez
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
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3124:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3089:Rudolfo Anaya
3087:
3086:
3081:
3077:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3025:Louis Vasquez
3023:
3020:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2977:Erasmo SeguĂn
2975:
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2969:
2968:
2963:
2956:
2953:
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2947:
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2899:
2896:
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2880:
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2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:(1735-1819),
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2824:
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2816:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2771:RamĂłn MĂșsquiz
2769:
2766:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2732:
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2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:and owner of
2674:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2602:Seminole Wars
2599:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2559:
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2540:
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2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
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2489:
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2477:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2460:
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2454:
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2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2392:Leonardo Cota
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2374:Joseph Chiles
2372:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2362:VĂctor Castro
2360:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2230:Manuel Armijo
2228:
2227:
2222:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1981:Laredo, Texas
1978:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1907:(1749â1809)
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1868:
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1855:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1815:FermĂn LasuĂ©n
1813:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1759:
1758:José Figueroa
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1724:Narciso DurĂĄn
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1685:
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1679:
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1627:
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1597:
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1577:
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1568:
1565:
1562:
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1544:
1539:
1537:
1532:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1522:
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1516:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1497:
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1489:
1486:
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1479:
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1426:
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1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1244:South African
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1071:
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1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1037:Nuevomexicano
1035:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
992:
991:
990:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
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922:
920:
917:
915:
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911:
910:
909:
904:
901:
899:
896:
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891:
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886:
884:
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876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
855:
854:
853:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
803:
802:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
777:
776:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
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701:
699:
696:
695:
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689:
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673:
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663:
660:
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650:
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641:
638:
637:
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632:
631:
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612:
610:
607:
605:
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597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
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582:
580:
577:
576:
575:
574:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
537:
534:
533:
532:
529:
527:
524:
523:
522:
521:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
505:Equatoguinean
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
487:
486:
485:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
456:
455:
454:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
387:
384:
382:
379:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
356:
355:
354:Central Asian
352:
348:
345:
343:
340:
339:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
272:
271:
268:
267:
266:
265:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
171:
170:
169:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
87:
84:
83:
82:
81:
78:
75:
74:
71:
68:
67:
64:
61:
60:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
4382:(in Spanish)
4332:. Retrieved
4328:
4318:
4305:
4293:. Retrieved
4289:
4280:
4267:
4259:
4244:
4227:
4216:
4204:
4195:
4184:
4173:. Retrieved
4163:
4143:. New York:
4138:
4126:
4113:
4090:
4083:Introduction
4082:
4077:
4070:
4065:
4056:
4045:
4027:
4020:
4011:
4003:
3999:May, Jon D.
3995:
3983:. Retrieved
3968:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3934:. Retrieved
3930:the original
3920:
3908:. Retrieved
3893:
3886:
3877:
3869:
3864:
3845:
3839:
3828:. Retrieved
3817:
3809:
3804:
3793:
3631:Paul Sanchez
3615:John Salazar
3537:Manuel Perez
3489:Alcide Nunez
3433:Manuel Lujan
3393:Eva Longoria
3386:
3273:Gil Cisneros
3261:Linda Chavez
3207:vaudevillian
3203:Leo Carrillo
3190:
3157:Joan Bennett
3115:Legislature.
3075:
3034:
2992:
2918:
2904:
2871:
2858:Manuel PĂ©rez
2829:
2676:
2669:
2659:
2658:(1843â1904)
2643:
2626:Indian agent
2567:
2497:
2475:
2465:
2423:
2422:(1804â1882)
2395:
2349:
2305:
2258:Juan Bandini
2207:
2206:(1791â1862)
2179:
2107:
2042:
1985:Nuevo Laredo
1926:
1908:
1884:
1861:Manuel Nieto
1852:
1783:
1635:
1620:(1781â1836)
1557:
1305:
1189:Scotch-Irish
1159:Saint Lucian
1115:Puerto Rican
327:Cape Verdean
77:By ethnicity
17:
15:
4334:February 4,
4133:Lois Kibbee
3985:24 February
3697:Neomexicano
3682:Californios
3621:Ken Salazar
3569:ethnography
3531:St. Bernard
3527:Plaquemines
3517:Irvan Perez
3511:Pedro Perea
3507:(1897â1906)
3405:Demi Lovato
3342:Demi Lovato
3279:Page Cortez
3191:Californios
3151:Laura Benét
2971:Juan SeguĂn
2965:Juan Seguin
2868:Andrés Pico
2622:Manuel Lisa
2494:Juan Flores
2408:of French,
2396:Californios
2356:José Castro
2268:Confederate
2011:(1734â1736)
1590:New Orleans
1274:Indo-Fijian
1254:Bangladeshi
1249:South Asian
1219:Singaporean
1174:Sammarinese
1085:Palestinian
1010:New Zealand
979:Montenegrin
969:Micronesian
959:Mauritanian
954:Marshallese
713:Indo-Fijian
667:Hongkongese
536:Indo-Fijian
428:Costa Rican
312:Cameroonian
302:Californios
184:Bangladeshi
163:Azerbaijani
70:By US state
4403:Categories
4295:October 5,
4175:2010-04-16
4081:Menchaca,
3954:La Campana
3936:2008-01-24
3910:January 9,
3855:0940984512
3830:2010-05-15
3785:References
3692:Floridanos
3603:Marin Sais
3387:Californio
3348:John Gavin
3312:Joe Falcon
3227:California
3112:Polly Baca
3035:Californio
2993:Californio
2872:Californio
2830:Californio
2755:California
2670:Californio
2660:Californio
2644:Californio
2590:John Horse
2538:, in 1836.
2498:Californio
2466:Californio
2350:Californio
2306:Californio
2208:Californio
2181:Californio
1915:and later
1871:Franciscan
1688:Santa Rosa
1499:Zimbabwean
1451:Vincentian
1446:Vietnamese
1441:Venezuelan
1323:Surinamese
1313:Sri Lankan
1289:Sri Lankan
1199:Senegalese
1164:Salvadoran
1110:Portuguese
1095:Paraguayan
1090:Panamanian
1015:Nicaraguan
914:Macedonian
903:Luxembourg
893:Lithuanian
735:Indonesian
614:Guatemalan
490:Ecuadorian
285:Circassian
199:Belarusian
153:Australian
30:New Mexico
22:California
16:This is a
4069:Coalson,
3419:governor
3409:Civil War
3367:Lita Grey
3223:San Diego
3129:settlers.
3019:Louisiana
2737:Juan Moya
1991:Province.
1821:Juan Leal
1734:Presidios
1420:Uruguayan
1415:Ukrainian
1359:Tanzanian
1284:Pakistani
1259:Bhutanese
1053:Pakistani
1042:Norwegian
974:Mongolian
939:Malaysian
924:Maldivian
817:Kashubian
796:Jordanian
683:Icelandic
672:Hungarian
640:Ethiopian
609:Grenadian
413:Congolese
408:Colombian
337:Caribbean
307:Cambodian
254:Bulgarian
244:Brazilian
224:Bermudian
189:Barbadian
133:Argentine
54:Louisiana
4389:Archived
4357:Archived
4135:(1970).
4102:Archived
3656:See also
3411:veteran
2879:PĂo Pico
2875:militia.
2634:Nebraska
2610:Seminole
2584:Menorcan
2448:, Spain.
2005:Coahuila
1515:Category
1488:Yugoslav
1394:Tunisian
1379:Togolese
1318:Sudanese
1306:Hispanos
1279:Nepalese
1209:Sicilian
1194:Scottish
1136:Moldovan
1131:Romanian
1100:Peruvian
1020:Nigerian
1005:Nepalese
984:Moroccan
919:Malawian
878:Liberian
873:Lebanese
786:Japanese
781:Jamaican
703:Gujarati
662:Honduran
645:Eritrean
624:Guyanese
599:Ghanaian
584:Galician
579:Gabonese
543:Filipino
515:Estonian
510:Eritrean
495:Egyptian
433:Croatian
342:Garifuna
322:Canarian
317:Canadian
290:Georgian
234:Bolivian
214:Beninese
209:Belizean
174:Bahamian
158:Austrian
148:Assyrian
138:Armenian
108:Algerian
103:Albanian
38:Colorado
4266:, PBS,
4085:, p. 5.
4037:1883045
3707:Tejanos
3623:- 50th
3127:Spanish
2919:alcalde
2905:Alcalde
2606:Spanish
2598:Osceola
2568:Alcalde
2476:alcalde
2424:Alcalde
2414:African
2410:Spanish
1927:regidor
1886:Santero
1784:Alcalde
1637:criollo
1410:Ugandan
1399:Turkish
1374:Tibetan
1364:Tejanos
1328:Swedish
1301:Spanish
1239:Sorbian
1229:Slovene
1204:Serbian
1143:Russian
1080:Palauan
1068:Punjabi
1063:Pashtun
964:Mexican
934:Maltese
868:Latvian
858:Laotian
847:Kuwaiti
842:Kurdish
770:Ivorian
765:Iu Mien
760:Italian
755:Israeli
740:Iranian
718:Punjabi
698:Bengali
652:Haitian
619:Guinean
589:Gambian
563:Frisian
548:Finnish
526:Faroese
500:English
443:Cypriot
423:Cossack
386:Chinese
381:Chilean
332:Catalan
275:Chechen
259:Burmese
249:British
239:Bosnian
204:Belgian
118:Angolan
50:Florida
26:Arizona
4378:
4235:
4151:
4035:
3976:
3901:
3852:
3282:Isleño
3213:, and
3037:bandit
2781:Mobile
2596:chief
1983:, and
1917:Lompoc
1622:Tejano
1584:(1724
1483:Yoruba
1478:Yemeni
1430:Uyghur
1384:Tongan
1349:Taiwan
1338:Syrian
1264:Indian
1234:Somali
1224:Slovak
1179:Samoan
1126:Romani
1105:Polish
1073:Sindhi
1058:Baloch
1030:Yoruba
929:Malian
883:Libyan
863:Latino
837:Korean
827:Kenyan
822:Kazakh
807:Kalmyk
728:Telugu
693:Indian
594:German
553:French
531:Fijian
459:Danish
418:Coptic
391:Fuzhou
364:Kazakh
359:Afghan
280:Lezgin
219:Berber
194:Basque
179:Baloch
86:Afghan
46:Nevada
2765:Zorro
2170:Cajun
2009:Texas
1875:Texas
1467:Welsh
1425:Uzbek
1354:Tajik
1333:Swiss
1184:Saudi
1148:Rusyn
949:MÄori
812:Karen
750:Irish
745:Iraqi
723:Tamil
657:Hmong
604:Greek
474:Dutch
448:Czech
438:Cuban
401:Hoklo
396:Hakka
374:Uzbek
369:Tajik
297:Cajun
143:Asian
113:Amish
34:Texas
4376:ISBN
4336:2011
4297:2013
4233:ISBN
4149:ISBN
4033:OCLC
3987:2013
3974:ISBN
3912:2011
3899:ISBN
3850:ISBN
3529:and
3415:and
2412:and
1369:Thai
1169:Sami
1025:Igbo
944:Manx
791:Jews
688:Igbo
568:Fula
128:Arab
44:and
42:Utah
4251:By
2753:in
4405::
4327:.
4288:.
4147:.
3225:,
3209:,
2608:,
52:,
40:,
32:,
28:,
24:,
4338:.
4299:.
4239:.
4211:.
4178:.
4157:.
4039:.
3989:.
3939:.
3914:.
3858:.
3833:.
3728:)
3724:(
3713:)
3709:(
3703:)
3699:(
3688:)
3684:(
3423:.
3379:.
3229:.
3193:.
3011:.
2911:.
2885:.
2836:.
2767:.
2757:.
2743:.
2636:.
2560:.
2342:.
2280:)
2248:.
2142:.
2093:.
1919:.
1690:.
1602:.
1542:e
1535:t
1528:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.