572:
337:
278:
823:
530:
1245:
730:
30:
381:
779:
1148:
613:
947:
692:
989:
1207:
1030:
489:
179:
654:
1109:
902:, a term that literally meant "eagle ruler" and in pre-conquest times served to designate a non-dynastic interim ruler appointed when necessary. Hernán Cortés and the Spaniards initially preferred such less legitimate rulers, possibly as a way of ensuring that the colonial authorities would be able to maintain control.
1174:
Grandson of Tizoc (1481–1486). Appointed by the
Spanish viceroy on the suggestion of the Nahua nobility. Well-liked by his subjects. His reign was marked by a devastating epidemic in the 1540s. Worked to defend the resources of his community and the wealth of his family from his colonial overlords.
852:
after Cuitláhuac's death. Killed several of
Moctezuma II's children to safeguard his right to the throne. Led fierce resistance against the Spaniards but was captured and defeated in 1521. Retained position and title under Spanish rule but held in custody. Seen as a national hero in Mexico.
1302:. This change was partly a result of experiences with Spanish election principles making the denizens of Tenochtitlan view hereditary descent as less important for legitimacy. From the death of Cipac in 1565 until 1812, Tenochtitlan was instead placed under the control of
1135:
Grandson of
Axayacatl (1472–1481). Appointed by the Spaniards due to being well-liked by the Nahua people and being able to speak Spanish; his accession marked the restoration of the royal line. Regarded as a distinguished Mexica ruler of the colonial period.
917:
differ in how they are treated; some emphasize their illegitimacy as a rupture in the dynastic sequence whereas others do not comment on their lack of relation to previous rulers and instead depict them in the exact same way, as if they were genuine
717:
Grandson of
Itzcoatl (1427–1440). The elder brother of his two immediate predecessors, Ahuitzotl was a strong and bloodthirsty ruler, expanding the empire further and ordering unprecedently large numbers of ritual human sacrifices.
679:
Grandson of
Itzcoatl (1427–1440). Succeeded his brother Axayacatl. Although he was sickly, Tizoc oversaw the expansion and beautification of Tenochtitlan and the establishment of Aztec outposts far from central imperial territory.
1378:
Possible reasons include a lengthy election process owing to several possible candidates (both
Huanitizin and Tehuetzquititzin had several sons) and Cecetzin being the intended successor from early on but being too young before
239:
in 1525, after the arrival of the
Spaniards. The accession of Acampapichtli c. 1375 marks the traditional beginning of the Aztec king list. The early Tenochtitlan rulers before Itzcoatl were vassals under the suzerainty of the
1080:(1535–1550) to preserve the veneer of legitimacy of Spanish rule. Since the Spaniards mainly wished local native rulers to be responsible, pay tribute and be legitimate in the eyes of the people they ruled, the
755:
Son of
Axayacatl (1472–1481). Oversaw a period of centralization and strengthening of the Aztec Empire. Disciplined and highly successful ruler before he made contact with the Spaniards in 1519, whereafter the
891:
The initial rulers of
Tenochtitlan installed by the Spaniards were not part of the nobility and did not go through the traditional investiture ceremonies. As a result, they were not regarded as legitimate
555:
Son of
Huitzilihuitl (1391–1414). Though his reign was plagued by an unusual number of natural disasters, Moctezuma I oversaw an age of impressive construction works and far-ranging conquests. Began the
1233:
Son of Huanitzin (1538–1541). Appointed by the Spanish viceroy on the suggestion of the Nahua nobility. The reason for the lengthy interregnum preceding his accession is unknown.
977:(a senior political office). Appears to have worked alongside the Spaniards for some time since he enjoyed a privileged position before his appointment.
1306:; these governors continued to be of indigenous or mixed descent and many were descendants of Aztec nobility, though not of the royal dynasty.
1298:
After 1565, the governors of Tenochtitlan ceased to be appointed under the principle of hereditary succession and ceased to be referred to as
2314:
17:
772:
Several accounts exist; possibly strangled by the Spaniards or struck in the head during a speech by rock thrown by one of his subjects
2148:
The Nahuas After the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth Through Eighteenth Centuries
409:
Son of Acamapichtli (1375–1390). Devoted much of his reign to building projects and urban development. Considered the first Mexican
638:
Grandson of Itzcoatl (1427–1440). A famous warrior-king, Axayacatl continued to work on construction works and expand the empire.
2442:
1154:
909:
appointed by the Spaniards were not legitimate dynastic rulers, they were noted in later chronicles as governing as if they were
90:. The rulers of Tenochtitlan were always pre-eminent and gradually transitioned into the sole rulers of the empire; under either
2452:
1251:
2261:
2240:
2198:
2177:
2114:
2093:
2072:
2030:
1015:
Commoner from Tenochtitlan and a distinguished military captain. Swiftly appointed by Hernan Cortés after Tlacotzin's death.
1303:
571:
418:
Became embroiled in Tepanec succession conflicts, supported the wrong side and was imprisoned. Hanged himself in captivity.
757:
126:
804:
Son of Axayacatl (1472–1481). Commander of the Aztec armed forces at the time of Moctezuma's death and quickly elected as
205:
Legendary founder of Tenochtitlan; historicity unconfirmed. According to legend, Tenoch was the first human leader of the
1199:) serves as judge of Tenochtitlan 1554–1557. Evidence suggests his power was regarded to be temporary and transitional.
369:
overlords. The Mexica people as a whole were transformed into a more militarized people in the time of Huitzilihuitil.
2447:
2307:
2282:
2219:
2156:
2135:
2051:
1213:
2497:
1084:
were from that point onwards most often appointed after being elected and suggested by the native Nahua nobility.
1315:
336:
2424:
995:
2300:
2437:
1115:
2417:
953:
2492:
2487:
1328:
1076:
was restored in 1538. The decision to restore dynastic rule was probably made by the Spanish viceroy
311:
210:
1320:
974:
1021:
142:
2232:
Warlords of Ancient Mexico: How the Mayans and Aztecs Ruled for More Than a Thousand Years
1280:. Appointed by the Spanish viceroy on the suggestion of the Nahua nobility. His tenure as
518:
and created the Triple Alliance alongside the rulers of the cities Tetzcoco and Tlacopan.
145:
and replaced by Mexico City, though the Spanish colonial authorities continued to appoint
8:
2431:
1036:
79:
597:
Daughter of Moctezuma I (1440–1466). Suggested by two later documents to have served as
1077:
863:
310:
ancestry. Oversaw the expansion and development of Tenochtitlan. Assisted his overlord
138:
134:
1333:
1284:
was plagued by legal issues and disagreements on taxes with the colonial authorities.
2278:
2257:
2236:
2215:
2194:
2173:
2152:
2131:
2110:
2089:
2068:
2047:
2026:
514:
Son of Acamapichtli (1375–1390) and a slave. Defeated and killed the Tepanec ruler
58:) from its foundation in 1325 until the end of the line of indigenous rulers. From
2085:
After Moctezuma: Indigenous Politics and Self-Government in Mexico City, 1524–1730
2272:
2251:
2230:
2209:
2188:
2167:
2146:
2125:
2104:
2083:
2062:
2041:
2020:
227:
The monarchic period of Tenochtitlan extends from the assumption of the title of
2064:
The Legacy of Mesoamerica: History and Culture of a Native American Civilization
277:
114:
in the alliance. The evolution into full autocracy was finished by 1502, when
2481:
2355:
2345:
1348:
1343:
898:
426:
343:
2400:
2395:
1056:
Commoner who had previously served as calpixqui (a minor political office).
829:
822:
785:
236:
2390:
2370:
2350:
2340:
2292:
1894:
1892:
1890:
736:
577:
529:
462:
387:
315:
284:
232:
115:
87:
51:
34:
122:
of Tenochtitlan without the traditional input from Tetzcoco and Tlacopan.
2365:
982:
Died of disease on the way to Tenochtitlan; never took power in the city
536:
55:
41:
1887:
1196:
557:
1244:
2385:
2375:
2106:
The Tira de Tepechpan: Negotiating Place under Aztec and Spanish Rule
698:
619:
445:
Son of Chimalpopoca (1415–1427). Young at the time of his accession.
130:
95:
65:
onwards, the rulers of Tenochtitlan were monarchs and used the title
729:
2360:
2061:
Carmack, Robert M.; Gasco, Janine L. & Gossen, Gary H. (2016).
1147:
814:
495:
86:
the leaders of the powerful Triple Alliance, commonly known as the
83:
67:
46:
601:
in her own right between the reigns of Moctezuma I and Axayacatl.
365:
Son of Acamapichtli (1375–1390). Conquered lands on behalf of his
988:
450:
Unclear fate; perhaps killed in battle or murdered by a relative
366:
241:
1695:
1693:
1289:
Died due to health issues brought on by his stressful tenure as
1029:
318:
in making substantial territorial gains throughout Mesoamerica.
1419:
515:
410:
380:
307:
206:
184:
29:
2130:. Washington: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.
1850:
1848:
1629:
1409:
1407:
778:
2380:
1690:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1547:
1545:
1543:
660:
91:
1957:
1945:
1590:
1578:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1108:
946:
691:
612:
1969:
1845:
1717:
1678:
1404:
1206:
808:. Fought bravely to expel the Spaniards from Tenochtitlan.
488:
1986:
1984:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1653:
1602:
1540:
1369:
He is for this reason completely omitted in some accounts.
1067:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1431:
880:
of Tenochtitlan for several decades after the conquest.
178:
2169:
The Death of Aztec Tenochtitlan, the Life of Mexico City
1911:
1909:
1907:
1877:
1875:
1833:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1325:
The other (subservient) leaders of the Triple Alliance:
653:
149:
of Tenochtitlan until the office was abolished in 1565.
1981:
1729:
1641:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1392:
1996:
1921:
1485:
1468:
876:
The Spanish colonial authorities continued to appoint
1904:
1872:
1860:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1791:
1760:
1748:
1705:
1523:
2190:
Tlacaelel Remembered: Mastermind of the Aztec Empire
1933:
1557:
896:
by the local populace. Instead, they were titled as
247:
1456:
78:of Tenochtitlan were alongside those of the cities
2060:
1808:
1425:
973:Appointed by Hernan Cortés. Previously served as
152:
2479:
110:") to indicate their superiority over the other
222:
2018:
1413:
871:
848:Grandson of Ahuitzotl (1486–1502). Elected as
2470:("eagle ruler"; a non-dynastic interim ruler)
2308:
2270:
1723:
1699:
1672:
1623:
1584:
1551:
1517:
1450:
2322:
1276:Grandson of Ahuitzotl (1486–1502). The last
883:
456:
2315:
2301:
2277:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.
2249:
1398:
102:of Tenochtitlan assumed the grander title
2186:
1898:
2207:
2193:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
2144:
2088:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
2039:
2002:
1990:
1975:
1963:
1951:
1854:
1742:
1684:
1647:
1635:
1534:
1496:
1479:
1020:Killed by an arrow during a battle with
28:
2274:Dictionary of Mexican Rulers, 1325–1997
2228:
2151:. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
2081:
1927:
1915:
1881:
1866:
1839:
1802:
1785:
1711:
1596:
1068:Resumption of dynastic rule (1538–1565)
14:
2480:
2211:Fifth Sun: A New History of the Aztecs
2296:
2172:. Austin: University of Texas Press.
2165:
2123:
2109:. Austin: University of Texas Press.
2046:. Austin: University of Texas Press.
1939:
1572:
1462:
913:. Codices made after the time of the
2102:
1827:
1754:
862:Charged with plotting and hanged by
758:Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
2214:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2022:Handbook to Life in the Aztec World
24:
2043:A Rain of Darts: The Mexica Aztecs
2040:Brundage, Burr Cartwright (1972).
723:Killed in a flood of Tenochtitlan
25:
2509:
2250:Tuerenhout, Dirk R. Van (2005).
2229:Tsouras, Peter G. (2014-09-02).
1426:Carmack, Gasco & Gossen 2016
1243:
1205:
1146:
1107:
1028:
987:
945:
821:
777:
728:
690:
652:
611:
570:
528:
487:
379:
335:
276:
177:
2019:Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel (2007).
2011:
1372:
1363:
2127:Gender in Pre-Hispanic America
2103:Diel, Lori Boornazian (2009).
153:Early Tenochtitlan (1325–1375)
125:In 1521, the Aztec Empire was
13:
1:
2271:Vázquez-Gómez, Juana (1997).
1386:
1316:Family tree of Aztec monarchs
763:
399:
355:
321:
296:
195:
59:
2334:Monarchic period (1375–1525)
2253:The Aztecs: New Perspectives
2082:Connell, William F. (2011).
223:Monarchic period (1375–1525)
7:
2410:Colonial period (1525–1565)
2025:. Oxford University Press.
1340:Other rulers to the south:
1309:
1304:Spanish-appointed governors
872:Colonial period (1525–1565)
18:List of Tenochtitlan rulers
10:
2514:
2208:Townsend, Camilla (2019).
2166:Mundy, Barbara E. (2015).
1334:List of rulers of Tlacopan
1329:List of rulers of Tetzcoco
460:
2461:
2409:
2333:
2187:Schroeder, Susan (2016).
1184:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
939:
936:
933:
930:
481:
478:
475:
472:
270:
267:
264:
261:
209:, succeeding the sun god
171:
168:
165:
162:
2145:Lockhart, James (1992).
1356:
1089:
927:
469:
457:Aztec Empire (1427–1521)
258:
235:in 1377 to the death of
159:
2498:Lists of Mexican people
2124:Klein, Cecilia (2001).
1238:Died of natural causes
1195:(a Nahua commoner from
1180:Died of natural causes
1160:Diego de San Francisco
1141:Died of natural causes
1061:Died of natural causes
856:1502 – 28 February 1525
606:Died of natural causes
565:Died of natural causes
523:Died of natural causes
374:Died of natural causes
330:Died of natural causes
74:From 1427 to 1521, the
2235:. Simon and Schuster.
1901:, Chapter 3, note 126.
1638:, pp. 73, 85, 95.
543:Motēuczōma Ilhuicamīna
216:Next to nothing known
137:and a large number of
37:
1321:History of the Aztecs
1099:Succession and notes
937:Succession and notes
479:Succession and notes
268:Succession and notes
169:Succession and notes
32:
1966:, pp. 165, 178.
1954:, pp. 172, 192.
1257:Luis de Santa María
1219:Cristóbal de Guzmán
1191:: Esteban de Guzmán
1978:, pp. 165–178.
1857:, pp. 11, 164.
1687:, pp. 122–124.
1414:Aguilar-Moreno 2007
1008:1525/1526–1530/1531
743:Motēuczōma Xōcoyōtl
141:. Tenochtitlan was
139:Mesoamerican allies
1724:Vázquez-Gómez 1997
1700:Vázquez-Gómez 1997
1673:Vázquez-Gómez 1997
1624:Vázquez-Gómez 1997
1585:Vázquez-Gómez 1997
1552:Vázquez-Gómez 1997
1518:Vázquez-Gómez 1997
1451:Vázquez-Gómez 1997
1121:Diego de Alvarado
1078:Antonio de Mendoza
1072:The royal line of
969:(less than a year)
685:Possibly poisoned
40:This is a list of
38:
2493:Lists of tlatoque
2488:Tenochca tlatoque
2475:
2474:
2263:978-1-57607-921-8
2242:978-1-63220-179-9
2200:978-0-8061-5434-3
2179:978-0-292-76656-3
2116:978-0-292-78228-0
2095:978-0-8061-4175-6
2074:978-1-317-34679-1
2032:978-0-19-533083-0
1842:, pp. 14–15.
1757:, pp. 78–79.
1296:
1295:
1287:? – December 1565
1065:
1064:
869:
868:
811:? – December 1520
645:
454:
453:
220:
219:
98:(1486–1502), the
16:(Redirected from
2505:
2443:Tehuetzquititzin
2317:
2310:
2303:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2267:
2246:
2225:
2204:
2183:
2162:
2141:
2120:
2099:
2078:
2057:
2036:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1902:
1896:
1885:
1879:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1806:
1800:
1789:
1783:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1703:
1702:, pp. 9–10.
1697:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1555:
1549:
1538:
1532:
1521:
1515:
1500:
1494:
1483:
1477:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1411:
1402:
1396:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1273:
1266:
1247:
1230:
1223:
1209:
1200:
1171:
1164:
1162:Tehuetzquititzin
1155:Tehuetzquititzin
1150:
1132:
1125:
1111:
1087:
1086:
1053:
1046:
1032:
1012:
1005:
1001:Andrés de Tapia
991:
970:
966:1525 / 1525–1526
963:
949:
925:
924:
860:
845:
838:
825:
801:
794:
781:
770:
765:
752:
745:
732:
714:
707:
694:
676:
669:
656:
647:Died of illness
643:
635:
628:
615:
594:
587:
574:
552:
545:
532:
511:
504:
491:
467:
466:
442:
435:
406:
401:
396:
383:
362:
357:
352:
339:
328:
323:
306:Had matrilineal
303:
298:
293:
280:
256:
255:
202:
197:
192:
181:
157:
156:
64:
61:
21:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2457:
2405:
2329:
2327:of Tenochtitlan
2321:
2291:
2285:
2264:
2243:
2222:
2201:
2180:
2159:
2138:
2117:
2096:
2075:
2054:
2033:
2014:
2009:
2001:
1997:
1989:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1934:
1926:
1922:
1914:
1905:
1897:
1888:
1880:
1873:
1865:
1861:
1853:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1826:
1809:
1801:
1792:
1784:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1730:
1722:
1718:
1710:
1706:
1698:
1691:
1683:
1679:
1671:
1654:
1646:
1642:
1634:
1630:
1622:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1579:
1571:
1558:
1550:
1541:
1533:
1524:
1516:
1503:
1495:
1486:
1478:
1469:
1461:
1457:
1449:
1432:
1424:
1420:
1412:
1405:
1399:Tuerenhout 2005
1397:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1383:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1312:
1288:
1271:
1270:
1263:Nanacacipactzin
1256:
1255:
1237:
1228:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1185:
1179:
1169:
1168:
1159:
1158:
1140:
1130:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1070:
1060:
1051:
1050:
1041:
1040:
1019:
1010:
1009:
1000:
999:
981:
968:
967:
959:Juan Velázquez
958:
957:
889:
874:
861:
858:
857:
843:
842:
834:
833:
812:
799:
798:
790:
789:
771:
768:
767:
750:
749:
741:
740:
722:
712:
711:
703:
702:
684:
674:
673:
665:
664:
646:
642:
633:
632:
624:
623:
605:
592:
591:
583:
582:
564:
550:
549:
541:
540:
522:
509:
508:
500:
499:
465:
459:
449:
440:
439:
431:
430:
417:
404:
403:
392:
391:
373:
360:
359:
348:
347:
329:
326:
325:
301:
300:
289:
288:
254:
225:
211:Huītzilōpōchtli
200:
199:
188:
187:
155:
118:was elected as
94:(1481–1486) or
62:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2511:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2473:
2472:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2428:
2425:Motelchiuhtzin
2421:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2320:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2297:
2290:
2289:
2283:
2268:
2262:
2247:
2241:
2226:
2220:
2205:
2199:
2184:
2178:
2163:
2157:
2142:
2136:
2121:
2115:
2100:
2094:
2079:
2073:
2058:
2052:
2037:
2031:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2007:
1995:
1993:, p. 178.
1980:
1968:
1956:
1944:
1942:, p. 180.
1932:
1930:, p. 216.
1920:
1903:
1899:Schroeder 2016
1886:
1871:
1859:
1844:
1832:
1807:
1790:
1759:
1747:
1745:, p. 164.
1728:
1716:
1704:
1689:
1677:
1652:
1650:, p. 108.
1640:
1628:
1601:
1589:
1587:, p. 7–8.
1577:
1575:, p. 333.
1556:
1539:
1522:
1501:
1499:, p. 334.
1484:
1482:, p. 333.
1467:
1465:, p. 330.
1455:
1430:
1418:
1403:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1371:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1323:
1318:
1311:
1308:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1274:
1267:
1248:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1224:
1210:
1202:
1201:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1112:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1047:
1033:
1025:
1024:
1016:
1013:
1006:
996:Motelchiuhtzin
992:
984:
983:
978:
971:
964:
950:
942:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
888:
882:
873:
870:
867:
866:
854:
846:
839:
826:
818:
817:
809:
802:
795:
782:
774:
773:
761:
753:
746:
733:
725:
724:
719:
715:
708:
695:
687:
686:
681:
677:
670:
657:
649:
648:
641:1450/1451–1481
639:
636:
629:
616:
608:
607:
602:
595:
588:
575:
567:
566:
561:
553:
546:
533:
525:
524:
519:
512:
505:
492:
484:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
458:
455:
452:
451:
446:
443:
436:
423:
420:
419:
414:
407:
397:
384:
376:
375:
370:
363:
353:
350:Huītzilihhuitl
340:
332:
331:
319:
304:
294:
281:
273:
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
253:
246:
224:
221:
218:
217:
214:
203:
193:
182:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
161:
154:
151:
120:huehuetlatoani
104:huehuetlatoani
44:rulers of the
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2510:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2469:
2468:cuauhtlatoani
2465:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2432:Xochiquentzin
2429:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2356:Xihuitl Temoc
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2346:Huitzilihuitl
2344:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2326:
2318:
2313:
2311:
2306:
2304:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2286:
2284:0-313-30049-6
2280:
2276:
2275:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2244:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2227:
2223:
2221:9780190673062
2217:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2202:
2196:
2192:
2191:
2185:
2181:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2164:
2160:
2158:9780804719278
2154:
2150:
2149:
2143:
2139:
2137:0-88402-279-X
2133:
2129:
2128:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2067:. Routledge.
2066:
2065:
2059:
2055:
2053:0-292-77002-2
2049:
2045:
2044:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2005:, p. 34.
2004:
2003:Lockhart 1992
1999:
1992:
1991:Townsend 2019
1987:
1985:
1977:
1976:Townsend 2019
1972:
1965:
1964:Townsend 2019
1960:
1953:
1952:Townsend 2019
1948:
1941:
1936:
1929:
1924:
1918:, p. 44.
1917:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1900:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1884:, p. 19.
1883:
1878:
1876:
1869:, p. 17.
1868:
1863:
1856:
1855:Townsend 2019
1851:
1849:
1841:
1836:
1830:, p. 79.
1829:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1805:, p. 11.
1804:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1788:, p. 15.
1787:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1756:
1751:
1744:
1743:Townsend 2019
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1726:, p. 10.
1725:
1720:
1714:, p. 14.
1713:
1708:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1686:
1685:Townsend 2019
1681:
1674:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1649:
1648:Townsend 2019
1644:
1637:
1636:Townsend 2019
1632:
1625:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1581:
1574:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1537:, p. 42.
1536:
1535:Townsend 2019
1531:
1529:
1527:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1498:
1497:Brundage 1972
1493:
1491:
1489:
1481:
1480:Brundage 1972
1476:
1474:
1472:
1464:
1459:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1428:, p. 98.
1427:
1422:
1416:, p. 82.
1415:
1410:
1408:
1401:, p. 43.
1400:
1395:
1391:
1375:
1366:
1362:
1350:
1349:Mixtec rulers
1347:
1345:
1344:Maya monarchs
1342:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1225:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1173:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1102:Life details
1088:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1058:
1055:
1048:
1045:
1044:Xochiquentzin
1039:
1038:
1037:Xochiquentzin
1034:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1018:? – 1530/1531
1017:
1014:
1007:
1004:
998:
997:
993:
990:
986:
985:
980:? – 1525/1526
979:
976:
972:
965:
962:
956:
955:
951:
948:
944:
943:
940:Life details
926:
923:
921:
916:
915:cuauhtlatoque
912:
908:
907:cuauhtlatoque
903:
901:
900:
899:cuauhtlatoani
895:
886:
885:Cuauhtlatoque
881:
879:
865:
864:Hernán Cortés
855:
851:
847:
840:
837:
832:
831:
827:
824:
820:
819:
816:
810:
807:
803:
796:
793:
788:
787:
783:
780:
776:
775:
762:
759:
754:
747:
744:
739:
738:
734:
731:
727:
726:
720:
716:
709:
706:
701:
700:
696:
693:
689:
688:
682:
678:
671:
668:
663:
662:
658:
655:
651:
650:
640:
637:
630:
627:
622:
621:
617:
614:
610:
609:
603:
600:
596:
589:
586:
581:
580:
576:
573:
569:
568:
562:
559:
554:
547:
544:
539:
538:
534:
531:
527:
526:
520:
517:
513:
506:
503:
498:
497:
493:
490:
486:
485:
482:Life details
468:
464:
447:
444:
437:
434:
433:Xīhuitl Tēmoc
429:
428:
427:Xihuitl Temoc
424:
422:
421:
415:
412:
408:
398:
395:
390:
389:
385:
382:
378:
377:
371:
368:
364:
354:
351:
346:
345:
344:Huitzilihuitl
341:
338:
334:
333:
320:
317:
313:
309:
305:
295:
292:
287:
286:
282:
279:
275:
274:
271:Life details
257:
251:
248:Pre-imperial
245:
243:
238:
234:
230:
215:
212:
208:
204:
198:1325–1375 (?)
194:
191:
186:
183:
180:
176:
175:
172:Life details
158:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
135:Hernán Cortés
132:
128:
123:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:
70:
69:
57:
53:
49:
48:
43:
36:
31:
27:
19:
2467:
2466:indicates a
2463:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2391:Moctezuma II
2351:Chimalpopoca
2341:Acamapichtli
2324:
2323:
2273:
2256:. ABC-CLIO.
2252:
2231:
2210:
2189:
2168:
2147:
2126:
2105:
2084:
2063:
2042:
2021:
2012:Bibliography
1998:
1971:
1959:
1947:
1935:
1928:Connell 2011
1923:
1916:Connell 2011
1882:Connell 2011
1867:Connell 2011
1862:
1840:Connell 2011
1835:
1803:Connell 2011
1786:Connell 2011
1750:
1719:
1712:Connell 2011
1707:
1680:
1675:, p. 9.
1643:
1631:
1626:, p. 8.
1599:, Axayacatl.
1597:Tsouras 2014
1592:
1580:
1554:, p. 7.
1520:, p. 6.
1458:
1453:, p. 5.
1421:
1394:
1374:
1365:
1299:
1297:
1290:
1281:
1277:
1262:
1258:
1250:
1220:
1212:
1192:
1187:
1186:
1161:
1153:
1122:
1114:
1081:
1073:
1071:
1043:
1035:
1002:
994:
960:
952:
919:
914:
910:
906:
904:
897:
893:
890:
884:
877:
875:
849:
835:
828:
805:
791:
784:
769:(aged 53–54)
742:
737:Moctezuma II
735:
704:
697:
666:
659:
644:(aged 30/31)
625:
618:
604:? – 1472 (?)
598:
584:
578:
542:
535:
501:
494:
463:Aztec Empire
432:
425:
394:Chīmalpopōca
393:
388:Chimalpopoca
386:
349:
342:
316:Azcapotzalco
291:Ācamāpichtli
290:
285:Acamapichtli
283:
249:
233:Acamapichtli
228:
226:
189:
146:
124:
119:
116:Moctezuma II
111:
107:
103:
99:
88:Aztec Empire
75:
73:
66:
52:Tenochtitlan
45:
42:Mesoamerican
39:
35:Tenochtitlan
26:
2366:Moctezuma I
1188:Interregnum
905:Though the
887:(1525–1536)
558:flower wars
537:Moctezuma I
252:(1375–1427)
201:(50 years?)
63: 1375
56:Mexico City
2482:Categories
2401:Cuauhtémoc
2396:Cuitláhuac
1940:Mundy 2015
1573:Klein 2001
1463:Klein 2001
1387:References
1197:Xochimilco
1170:(14 years)
1003:Motelchiuh
975:cihuacoatl
836:Cuāuhtēmoc
830:Cuauhtémoc
792:Cuitlāhuac
786:Cuitláhuac
751:(18 years)
713:(16 years)
551:(26 years)
510:(13 years)
502:Itzcōhuātl
461:See also:
405:(18 years)
361:(23 years)
302:(15 years)
237:Cuauhtémoc
106:("supreme
2438:Huanitzin
2418:Tlacotzin
2386:Ahuitzotl
2376:Axayacatl
2371:Atotoztli
1828:Diel 2009
1755:Diel 2009
1272:(2 years)
1269:1563–1565
1229:(5 years)
1226:1557–1562
1193:Omacatzin
1167:1541–1554
1131:(3 years)
1128:1538–1541
1123:Huanitzin
1116:Huanitzin
1090:Portrait
1052:(4 years)
1049:1532–1536
1022:Colhuacan
1011:(5 years)
961:Tlacotzin
954:Tlacotzin
928:Portrait
859:(aged 23)
844:(5 years)
841:1520–1525
800:(80 days)
766:1466–1520
748:1502–1520
710:1486–1502
705:Āhuitzotl
699:Ahuitzotl
675:(5 years)
672:1481–1486
634:(9 years)
631:1472–1481
626:Āxāyacatl
620:Axayacatl
593:(6 years)
590:1466–1472
585:Atotoztli
579:Atotoztli
548:1440–1466
507:1427–1440
470:Portrait
441:(60 days)
402:1415–1427
358:1391–1414
327:(aged 40)
324:1350–1390
312:Tezozomoc
299:1375–1390
259:Portrait
160:Portrait
143:destroyed
131:Spaniards
127:conquered
96:Ahuitzotl
33:Glyph of
2448:Cecetzin
2361:Itzcoatl
2325:Tlatoque
1310:See also
1300:tlatoani
1291:tlatoani
1282:tlatoani
1278:tlatoani
1236:? – 1562
1221:Cecetzin
1214:Cecetzin
1178:? – 1554
1139:? – 1541
1082:tlatoani
1074:tlatoque
1059:? – 1536
920:tlatoque
911:tlatoani
894:tlatoani
878:tlatoque
850:tlatoani
815:smallpox
813:Died of
806:tlatoani
721:? – 1502
683:? – 1486
599:tlatoani
563:? – 1466
521:? – 1440
496:Itzcoatl
448:? – 1427
416:? – 1427
372:? – 1410
250:tlatoque
242:Tepanecs
229:tlatoani
147:tlatoque
112:tlatoque
108:tlatoani
100:tlatoque
84:Tlacopan
80:Tetzcoco
76:tlatoque
68:tlatoani
54:(modern
47:altepetl
2464:Italics
760:began.
667:Tīzocic
367:Tepanec
129:by the
2281:
2260:
2239:
2218:
2197:
2176:
2155:
2134:
2113:
2092:
2071:
2050:
2029:
1096:Reign
1042:Pablo
934:Reign
516:Maxtla
476:Reign
411:martyr
308:Toltec
265:Reign
207:Mexica
190:Tenōch
185:Tenoch
166:Reign
133:under
2453:Cipac
2381:Tizoc
1379:1557.
1357:Notes
1259:Cipac
1252:Cipac
1093:Name
931:Name
661:Tizoc
473:Name
262:Name
163:Name
92:Tizoc
2279:ISBN
2258:ISBN
2237:ISBN
2216:ISBN
2195:ISBN
2174:ISBN
2153:ISBN
2132:ISBN
2111:ISBN
2090:ISBN
2069:ISBN
2048:ISBN
2027:ISBN
797:1520
438:1427
82:and
314:of
231:by
50:of
2484::
1983:^
1906:^
1889:^
1874:^
1847:^
1810:^
1793:^
1762:^
1731:^
1692:^
1655:^
1604:^
1559:^
1542:^
1525:^
1504:^
1487:^
1470:^
1433:^
1406:^
922:.
764:c.
560:.
413:.
400:c.
356:c.
322:c.
297:c.
244:.
213:.
196:c.
71:.
60:c.
2316:e
2309:t
2302:v
2287:.
2266:.
2245:.
2224:.
2203:.
2182:.
2161:.
2140:.
2119:.
2098:.
2077:.
2056:.
2035:.
1265:)
1261:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
