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on fire. This was a much advocated tactic (and many times a very successful one) for shore-based forts defending against attacks by wooden warships. Examples of these small brick furnaces may still be seen at permanently constructed pre-1860 forts in Europe and the United States. The adoption by most navies of iron-hulled ships generally made these obsolete. The shot was carried on a specially designed iron barrow or two-man litter and, in the era of black-powder cannon charges contained in cloth bags, occasioned much fanfare and notice as it was conveyed to the cannon muzzle as the red-hot projectile would easily ignite any carelessly handled loose powder. Any reckless or somewhat dangerous individual who seemed to draw trouble to themselves and those around them was referred to as a "Hot Shot", giving rise to the term in common use to this day.
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A process where a solid iron cannonball is heated red hot in a specially-designed wood- or coal-fired furnace and then is loaded in a muzzle-loading cannon, cushioned by a substantial thickness of wet wads, and is then fired while still red hot, at flammable targets with the intention of setting them
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bag, and generally of a larger caliber. So called because of the resemblance of the clustered shot in the bag to a cluster of grapes on the vine. In one variation of this, the shot was held together by a coiled bar, and was spread by a fused charge in the same way as a shell. It was very effective
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of just enough force to break open the thin-walled iron projectile. A powder train in a thin iron sleeve led to a time fuse inserted into a holder at the outer edge of the projectile. The fuse was designed to be ignited by flame from the propellant charge. Ideally the case shot fuse would detonate
582:
and counter-battery projectile, of iron with a cavity packed with a high explosive bursting charge of powder used to destroy enemy wagons, breastworks, or opposing artillery. Two types of fuses were used—impact fuses that detonated the bursting charge by percussion, and time fuse cut to length
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projectile made, in early times, from dressed stone but, by the 17th century, from iron. The most accurate projectile that could be fired by a smooth-bore cannon, used to batter the wooden hulls of opposing ships, forts, or fixed emplacements, and as a long-range anti-personnel
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the central bursting charge when the projectile was six to ten feet above the heads of enemy infantry thereby showering them with the iron balls and fragments of the casing. (Invented 1784 by Lt.
640:. It was ignited by the cannon's propellant charge, bursting on impact with the target and releasing noxious fumes while setting fire to its surroundings. It was effectively an early
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against infantry, but its main shortcomings included very short range and ineffectiveness against infantry who had taken cover. Grapeshot was the starting point for the creation of
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Spider shot is a chain shot, but it has many chains instead of just one. It was not often used, despite its effectiveness against small ships and morale.
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Two sub-calibre round shot (a good deal smaller than the bore of the barrel) linked by a length of chain or a solid bar, and used to slash through the
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An incendiary/antipersonnel projectile designed to burn fiercely and produce poisonous fumes. It was constructed of an iron frame bound with
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An iron anti-personnel projectile containing an interior cavity packed with lead or iron round balls around a small
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balls in a metal can, which broke up when fired, scattering the shot throughout the enemy personnel, like a large
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and sails of an enemy ship so that it could no longer manoeuver. It was inaccurate and only used at close range.
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An anti-personnel weapon, similar to canister shot, but with the shot being contained in a
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An anti-personnel projectile which included many small iron round shot or
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measured in seconds and ignited by flame from the propellant charge.
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were similar but made of two halves of a ball rather than two balls.
771: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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Illustration of trebuchet by
Kolderer, c1507, as reproduced at
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Medieval Siege
Technology and Countertechnology by Andrew Vick
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Cyclopædia, or an
Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences
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in Europe and China, and were the archetypical form of
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446:Different types of cannonballs recovered from the
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786:(1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al.
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616:and filled with various ingredients such as
418:were the early projectiles used in cannon.
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733:. New York: Da Capo Press. p. 219.
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731:The Evolution of Weapons and Warfare
476:or other ignition device is inserted
460:Essential parts of a cannon: 1. the
74:Siege artillery in the US Civil War
69:Field artillery in the US Civil War
13:
568:, Royal Artillery, Great Britain).
433:Three different cannon projectiles
127:Cannons of Maritime Southeast Asia
64:Naval artillery in the Age of Sail
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402:over a long distance. They were
425:18th century cannon projectiles
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1:
729:Dupuy, Trevor Nevitt (1990).
718:. U.S. 2010 Military Academy.
438:Projectiles fired from cannon
54:Artillery in the Song dynasty
59:Artillery in the Middle Ages
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525:Two-headed bullets (angels)
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99:List of cannon projectiles
398:designed to fire a heavy
195:Breech-loading swivel gun
835:Technology-related lists
464:or cannonball (shot) 2.
330:Self-propelled artillery
701:Encyclopædia Britannica
472:(or vent) in which the
280:Large-calibre artillery
716:Ordnance & Gunnery
555:or spherical case shot
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230:Double-barreled cannon
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714:J. G. Benton (1859).
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394:is any large tubular
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686:Notes and references
665:Heated (or hot) shot
275:Infantry support gun
21:Part of a series on
840:Lists of artillery
658:biological warfare
650:area denial weapon
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799:Missing or empty
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778:Chambers, Ephraim
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335:Siege cannon
295:Mountain gun
245:Gun-howitzer
98:
15:
830:Projectiles
699:"Gunnery".
676:Spider shot
310:Railway gun
260:Hand mortar
255:Hand cannon
220:Demi-cannon
819:Categories
646:incendiary
638:turpentine
614:sack cloth
515:Split shot
510:Chain shot
494:or simply
492:cannonball
488:solid shot
483:Round shot
470:touch hole
462:projectile
412:Round shot
404:first used
400:projectile
345:Swivel gun
340:Smoothbore
320:Rifled gun
250:Gun-mortar
180:Autocannon
116:By country
654:trebuchet
630:saltpeter
588:Grapeshot
502:spherical
466:gunpowder
416:grapeshot
408:artillery
240:Field gun
200:Carronade
175:Artillery
87:Operation
622:antimony
600:shrapnel
553:Shrapnel
500:A solid
350:Tank gun
270:Howitzer
235:Falconet
215:Culverin
185:Basilisk
775::
607:Carcass
546:shotgun
521:rigging
505:weapon.
396:firearm
305:Railgun
210:Coilgun
190:Bombard
164:By type
47:History
27:Cannons
825:Cannon
737:
634:tallow
626:sulfur
595:canvas
542:musket
392:cannon
290:Mortar
285:Minion
618:pitch
573:Shell
490:or a
325:Saker
805:help
735:ISBN
648:and
539:lead
496:ball
474:fuse
449:Vasa
414:and
513:or
486:or
468:3.
821::
796::
794:}}
790:{{
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390:A
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803:(
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379:e
372:t
365:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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