1443:
1146:
1138:
1494:
42:
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2238:
1003:
667:
2007:
1455:
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1955:
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1428:. Altogether, lieutenant-governors had also withheld Royal Assent to bills 28 times and reserved bills for the consideration of the governor general 71 times. The last example of the former was in 1945 and the latter in 1961. Relations between lieutenant governor and Cabinet have also at times been strained by ministers' unwillingness to openly acknowledge the authority of a federal appointee, often recommended by a federal prime minister who adhered to different political beliefs.
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R. MacGregor Dawson opined that, following
Confederation, the lieutenant-governors diverged from the governor general in that they continued to demonstrate a power independent of the Cabinet and parliament; lieutenant-governors had variously dismissed governments, refused the advice of ministers, and
1278:
For the most part, the powers of the Crown are exercised on a day-to-day basis by elected and appointed individuals, leaving the lieutenant-governors to perform the various ceremonial duties the sovereign otherwise carries out when in the country; at such a moment, a lieutenant-governor will decrease
1262:
As the
Canadian monarch is shared equally amongst the ten provinces of Canada, as well as the federal realm, and the sovereign lives outside Canada's borders, a lieutenant governors' primary task is to perform the sovereign's constitutional duties on his or her behalf, acting within the principles of
1543:
amongst his or her provincial counterparts, the governor general also takes a lower rank to the lieutenant-governors in the provincial spheres; at federal functions, the governor general, as the King's representative in the country, precedes the lieutenant-governors. An incumbent lieutenant governor
1484:
and present to others medals and decorations. This travel takes place mostly within a lieutenant governor's province, the viceroys rarely performing state duties anywhere else in Canada, and never internationally, unless it is on behalf of the monarch in a federal capacity; it has been argued that
1450:
With most constitutional functions lent to cabinet, a lieutenant governor acts in a primarily ceremonial fashion, carrying out some of the ritual duties normally associated with heads of state and thus symbolizing the sovereignty of the provinces within confederation. The provincial viceroys have
1153:
Besides the administration of the oaths of office, there is no set formula for the swearing-in of a lieutenant-governor-designate. Though there may therefore be variations to the following, the appointee will generally travel to the legislative assembly building in the provincial capital, where a
1510:
Foundation also presents the
Lieutenant Governor's Award, presented to an individual or group who has achieved an outstanding result in heritage conservation in the province in which the Heritage Canada Foundation's annual conference is held. Further, the lieutenant governors (as well as the
2380:
equivocates somewhat, indicating upper case only when used in and associated with a specific provincial lieutenant governor or name (e.g., Lieutenant-Governor
Lincoln Alexander), not generally, and varied use. In French, the term is always hyphenated, and varies slightly by gender. Also, as
1216:
The governor general also has the power to appoint a person as "administrator", to act in the place of a lieutenant-governor who is unable to act, for example due to illness or absence from the province. Since 1953, the practice has been that the chief justice of the province has a standing
1415:
in the King's name; legally, granting royal assent (making the bill law), withholding royal assent (vetoing the bill), or reserving the bill for the signification of the governor general's pleasure. If the governor general withholds royal assent, the sovereign may within two years
1501:
The viceroys themselves also offer awards, such as the
Lieutenant Governor's Award for Outstanding Service to Rural Saskatchewan, the Lieutenant Governor's Nova Scotia Talent Trust Award, and the Lieutenant Governor's Award for Excellence in Architecture, awarded in
1213:, meaning the prime minister may recommend to the governor general that a lieutenant governor remain in the Crown's service for a longer period of time, sometimes upwards of more than ten years. A lieutenant governor may also resign and some have died in office.
1166:, and other guests are assembled. The governor general's commission for the lieutenant-governor-designate is then read aloud, and the required oaths are administered to the appointee by either the governor general or a delegate thereof; the three oaths are: the
1611:. All of these honours are retained following an incumbent's departure from office, with the individual remaining in the highest category of the order, and they may also be further distinguished with induction into other orders or the receipt of other awards.
1523:. After 1984, suggestions from the lieutenant governors' offices for membership in the Royal Victorian Order were more readily accepted and the Vice-Regal and Commissioners' Commendation became an award for one or more commendable acts benefiting the viceroy.
1170:, the Oath of Office as lieutenant-governor, and the oath as keeper of the province's great seal. With the affixing of their signature to these three solemn promises, the individual is officially the lieutenant governor, and at that moment the
1319:. While they continue to be appointed by the governor general, the lieutenant governors are considered to be direct representatives of the sovereign. In a province, it is thus the lieutenant governor who is required to appoint persons to the
5645:
1240:, nor pass any orders-in-council to proclaim statutes in force, pass regulations, or exercise any other statutory powers requiring an order-in-council. This situation lasted until the federal government appointed Porteous's successor,
1062:
during their time in office, lieutenant-governors have frequently been former politicians and some have returned to politics following their viceregal service. Canadian lieutenant governorships have also been used to promote women and
1217:
appointment to act as administrator. If the position of lieutenant governor is vacant, for example due to the death of the lieutenant governor, the administrator is not able to act until a new lieutenant governor is appointed.
882:, whose governors then became lieutenant governors, though that of Quebec was occupied simultaneously by the governor-in-chief. This structure remained in place until the partitioning in 1791 of the Province of Quebec into
1476:, as well as foreign royalty and heads of state, and is also tasked with fostering national unity and pride. One way in which this is carried out is travelling the province and meeting with residents from all regions and
1398:
The lieutenant-governor alone is also constitutionally mandated to summon the legislature. Beyond that, the viceroy carries out the other conventional parliamentary duties in the sovereign's stead, including reading the
1489:
Ceremonial and
Canadian Symbols Promotion Program. During a provincial election, a lieutenant governor will curtail these public duties, so as not to appear as though they are involving themselves in political affairs.
817:
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the provincial representatives of the King should start to undertake trips to represent their province abroad. In the exercise of these duties, the lieutenant governors may sometimes receive advice from the
1208:
Though incumbents are constitutionally mandated to serve for at least five years, unless the federal parliament agrees to remove the individual from office, the lieutenant-governors still technically act
5631:
1638:
used to greet a lieutenant-governor upon arrival at, and mark his or her departure from most official events. To mark a viceroy's presence at any building, ship, airplane, or car in Canada, the relevant
1647:
surrounded by ten gold maple leaves—each symbolizing one province—surmounted by a crown. In a provincial jurisdiction, the lieutenant governor's flag takes precedence over all other flags, save the
6136:
986:
in 1882 altered this view, establishing that the lieutenant governors represented the Queen in the provinces as much as the governor general did in the federal jurisdiction. Nevertheless,
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provides that any constitutional amendment that affects the office of the lieutenant governor requires the unanimous consent of each provincial
Legislative Assembly as well as the
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138:
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1134:. There is no constitutional requirement or consistent practice for the Prime Minister to consult with the province's premier on the appointment of the lieutenant governor.
5424:
1519:, regularly granted to those who aided the monarch or governor general with distinction, but nominees from the lieutenant governors were frequently overlooked by staff at
2482:
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formed in 1901, lieutenant governors remain selected on the advice of the federal prime minister rather than the provincial premiers, and federal governments remain
932:
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to individuals who offer their service—paid or volunteer—to the viceregal offices. It was originally intended to be a distinction in place of appointment to the
1046:
Unlike the federal viceroy, the
Canadian lieutenant-governors have been since 1867, if not Canadian-born, at least long-time residents of Canada and not of the
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1162:. From there, the party is led by the speaker of the legislative assembly to the legislative chamber, wherein all justices of the province's superior court,
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4221:"Heritage Services > Awards > Lieutenant Governor's Award for Outstanding Achievement in Heritage Conservation at the Provincial/Territorial Level"
1182:
as
Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, newly installed lieutenant governors will, at some point in the first year of their mandate, be invited to a personal
398:
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given by the cabinet is, in order to ensure the stability of government, typically binding; the viceroy may, in exceptional circumstances, invoke the
1279:
his or her public appearances, though the presence of the monarch does not undermine any lieutenant-governor's ability to perform governmental roles.
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1365:. The Governor-in-Council of both Nova Scotia and New Brunswick are also specifically tasked to appoint in the King's name the judges of the
1178:
is conducted outside. The lieutenant governor then receives the insignia of the province's order or orders. Since the appointment in 1956 of
163:
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1071:, Lieutenant Governor of Ontario from 1974 to 1980, and many women have since served in both that province and others. There have been two
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would be given in the name of the governor general, rather than the King. This was a deliberate constitutional choice in reaction to the
923:. Thereafter, when other colonies joined Canada, their governors became lieutenant governors, while the creation of new provinces out of
625:
250:
166:
6105:
890:, which then each had an office of lieutenant governor. The Governor in chief continued to be the lieutenant governor of Lower Canada.
5510:
3468:
1228:, declined to exercise any powers of the Lieutenant-Governor, on the basis that he had no power to act when the office was vacant. The
255:
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is theoretically tasked with tendering to the viceroy guidance on the exercise of the Royal
Prerogative, an arrangement called the
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Per the orders' constitutions, the lieutenant-governors, except for that of Quebec, serve as the chancellor of their province's
893:
In 1867, when Canada was created as a federal state, it had four provinces, each with their own lieutenant governor. Under the
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2019:
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Lieutenant Governor's Commission of Appointment, 1925. Appointing James Robson Douglas as lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia.
105:
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Philippe Doré, Clerk of the Executive Council, "Saskatchewan: Lieutenant Governor's death causes constitutional problems",
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in 1867, which defined the viceregal offices as the "Lieutenant Governor of the Province acting by and with the Advice the
618:
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Lieutenant Governor's Commission of Appointment, 2006. Appointing Mayann E. Francis as lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia.
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to carry out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties for an unfixed period of time—known as serving "
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3426:, (revised edition (Toronto: Copp, Clark Pitman, 1986)), p. 170, citing papers in the Department of State, Ottawa.
3137:
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491:
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As the personal representative of the monarch, a lieutenant-governor follows only the sovereign in the province's
5905:
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5261:
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4326:
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3778:"Black v Chrétien: Suing a Minister of the Crown for Abuse of Power, Misfeasance in Public Office and Negligence"
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1907:
1607:. They also upon installation automatically become a Knight or Dame of Justice and a Vice-Prior in Canada of the
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597:
521:
217:
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Canada's governor general, lieutenant governors, Territorial commissioners and their private secretaries, 2016.
1229:
908:
604:
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245:
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been said to be, outside of Quebec, "a focus of community ideals and a reinforcement of provincial identity."
6080:
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5854:
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is employed. Most provincial viceroyal flags consist of a blue field bearing the shield of the province's
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power in and over Canada, the lieutenant governors are permitted to exercise most of this, including the
1167:
1019:
220:
185:
52:
3168:
3056:"Public Information > Lieutenant Governors > The Lieutenant Governor of the Northwest Territories"
2886:
821:, whereafter the lieutenant governors were recognized as the direct representatives of the monarch. The
6030:
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5699:
5694:
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5482:
4780:
4623:
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considered the lieutenant governors as representatives of, and subordinate to, the governor general in
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3558:
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died on 25 September 1931 and 13 November 1916, respectively. Further, Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
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1648:
1545:
1408:
1404:
451:
393:
96:
66:
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6035:
5983:
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979:
759:
82:
966:, so as to have the lieutenant governors appointed by the governor general, and who expected that
5347:
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3111:
3081:
2813:"Speeches – 2007: The Honourable Jason Kenney: Lieutenant Governors Meeting Regina, Saskatchewan"
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2356:(upper case and no hyphen), likely due to the primacy of those positions in their respective
2275:
2237:
1535:, preceding even other members of the Royal Family. Though the federal viceroy is considered
1516:
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1340:
1237:
1011:
928:
863:
852:
782:
755:
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A meeting of Canada's lieutenant governors in September 1925; standing, from left to right:
5978:
5933:
5869:
5791:
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5198:
4682:
4454:"Canada Wide > About Us > The Order of St. John > The Order of St. John in Canada"
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4195:
4143:
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In the Canadian context, there are numerous, and not mutually agreeable, notions regarding
2006:
1324:
1023:
1015:
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85:
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dictates that the lieutenant governor must further draw from them an individual to act as
1027:
8:
5938:
5668:
5502:
5352:
5203:
5188:
4687:
4672:
1600:. Since 1999, lieutenant-governors have been entitled to wear a special badge of office.
1532:
1275:
safeguard against the abuse of power. The office is the core of authority in a province.
1257:
1002:
88:
79:
4983:
4481:"Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > Honours and salutes > Musical salute"
3777:
3671:. Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada. pp. 1A–3. A-AD-200-000/AG-000. Archived from
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The Queen's Other Realms: The Crown and its Legacy in Australia, Canada and New Zealand
3956:
The Queen's Other Realms: The Crown and Its Legacy in Australia, Canada and New Zealand
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took the same position. As a result, the Saskatchewan Government could not recall the
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4579:
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3492:"Public Information > Lieutenant Governors > The Office of Lieutenant Governor"
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4611:. New York and Toronto: Rinehart and Company, Inc. – via Internet Archive.
3815:(5th ed.). Toronto, Buffalo, London: University of Toronto Press. pp.
777:
The offices have their roots in the 16th and 17th century colonial governors of
4732:
3923:"Governor General of Canada: Role and Responsibilities of the Governor General"
3388:
2720:
2345:
2283:
2202:
2150:
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1994:
1942:
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1734:
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1225:
1197:
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1059:
774:" and are representatives of the federal government, not the monarch directly.
743:
383:
3216:
The Governor General and Lieutenant Governors: Canada's Misunderstood Viceroys
2772:
The Office of Lieutenant Governor: A Study in Canadian Government and Politics
6130:
4602:
4331:"Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > Across Canada > Standards"
3843:
3748:
3618:"The Legality of a Unilateral Declaration of Independence under Canadian Law"
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2416:
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1983:
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was created as a central viceregal office overseeing the British colonies of
481:
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4376:
4245:
3896:"Politics and Government > By Executive Decree > The Governor General"
1377:, which remain the Crown's final check against a ministry's abuse of power.
1220:
This situation arose in Saskatchewan in 1978, when the Lieutenant Governor,
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4525:
4142:(Press release). Queen's Printer for Canada. 26 August 2008. Archived from
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Governor of the United Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia
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Monarchy in the Canadian provinces § Federal and provincial aspects
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3557:(1). Ottawa: Commonwealth Parliamentary Association: 15. Archived from
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2316:
2191:
1931:
1775:
1723:
1570:
1548:
1108:
1055:
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The position of lieutenant governor has existed in Canada since before
778:
1584:
Traditionally, lieutenant governors were entitled to wear first-class
1313:, though most revolve around the original clauses in section V of the
5166:
4752:
4654:
4615:
3926:
3595:(1st ed.). Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada. pp. 16, 20.
2597:
1656:
1302:
1099:, the Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia from 1988 to 1995, was
3920:
3855:(6th ed.). Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada. pp. 4, 34.
2675:, passing it on, instead, to the Governor General for consideration.
5655:
Representatives of the monarch in Commonwealth realms and dominions
4742:
3672:
2383:
1902:
1631:
974:, which had proven a potent "disastrous outcome of the doctrine of
939:
766:"—though five years is the normal convention. Similar positions in
4248:"Government House > Vice-Regal and Commissioners' Commendation"
2570:
acted as Lieutenant Governor of Alberta between 1915 and 1925 and
1380:
1067:
into a prominent position: The first female viceroy in Canada was
4772:
4281:
On Her Majesty's Service: Royal Honours and Recognition in Canada
2693:
2303:
2110:
1694:
1593:
1047:
916:
116:
3665:
The Honours, Flags and Heritage Structure of the Canadian Forces
3252:(1st ed.), Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada, p. 16,
1058:. While required by the tenets of constitutional monarchy to be
994:, whether from the reservation by a lieutenant governor or not.
785:, though the present incarnations of the positions emerged with
4186:
4099:, Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada, p. 4, archived from
4089:
2652:
in 1937 refused to grant Royal Assent to three bills passed by
2601:
2373:
2341:
1746:
1635:
1609:
Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
951:
947:
920:
678:
672:
Lieutenant Governors by province and Commissioners by territory
18:
List of current Canadian lieutenant governors and commissioners
4513:
4501:
4351:
3658:
3290:"The Manual of Official Procedure of the Government of Canada"
1659:
upon the death of an incumbent or former lieutenant governor.
1309:, in the sovereign's name, as laid out in various acts in the
6137:
Provincial and territorial political office-holders in Canada
3345:
The Maple Crown in Alberta: The Office of Lieutenant Governor
3320:
The Maple Crown in Alberta: The Office of Lieutenant Governor
2697:
2391:
in the title, it is the word that is pluralized; thus, it is
2270:
1566:
1357:, in which capacity the lieutenant governor will issue royal
1289:
Monarchy in the Canadian provinces § Constitutional role
1271:
as a guarantor of continuous and stable governance, and as a
1116:
4176:. Autumn 2009 (30). Toronto: Monarchist League of Canada: 9.
3544:"Ensuring Constitutional Wisdom During Unconventional Times"
4478:
4403:"lieutenant-governor, Lt.-Gov., His/Her Honour, Honourable"
4325:
3489:
3053:
2604:
on 6 January 2005, and Lieutenant Governors of Nova Scotia
2388:
1588:. Today, the practice continues in some provinces, such as
992:
theoretically capable of disallowing provincial legislation
712:
706:
694:
4069:. Vol. II. Toronto: Macmillan of Canada. p. 56.
3465:"Roles and Functions > Administrator of the Government"
2574:
served as Lieutenant Governor of Quebec from 1997 to 2007.
1480:, some of whom a lieutenant governor will induct into the
666:
3392:. Vol. 139, no. 8. 27 September 2005. p. 1
2324:
2291:
2258:
2183:
2131:
2079:
2027:
1975:
1923:
1871:
1819:
1767:
1715:
1224:, died suddenly on February 6, 1978. The administrator,
1091:, Lieutenant Governor of Alberta from 2005 to 2010, was
3890:
2587:
resigned the viceregal post in 1997 due to controversy.
1438:
Monarchy in the Canadian provinces § Cultural role
3194:
2501:
became in 1873, by Order in Council of the Queen, the
1391:
avoided completely throughout the latter's service as
4421:
3633:(2). Montreal: McGill University: 288. Archived from
2172:
799:
thereof." The posts still ultimately represented the
715:
709:
697:
2760:
2758:
2406:
2352:
and numerous provincial websites typically indicate
718:
703:
691:
5140:
Politics of the provinces and territories of Canada
4968:
The Canadian Crown and Indigenous peoples of Canada
4573:
3222:, Canadian Political Science Association, p. 3
2016:
1626:") followed by the first and last four bars of the
907:continued essentially as before. New positions of
862:in 1867. In 1786, the post of Governor-in-Chief of
700:
4578:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 244.
4530:
4246:Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia.
3808:
3806:
2885:". Written at London. In Jackson, Michael (ed.).
2883:Maritime Bank v. Receiver-General of New Brunswick
2843:
2769:
2068:
1756:
935:—led to the establishment of new viceregal posts.
818:Maritime Bank v. Receiver-General of New Brunswick
4250:. Queen's Printer for Nova Scotia. Archived from
4187:Department of Canadian Heritage (31 March 1998).
2755:
2280:
2199:
2147:
2095:
2043:
1991:
1939:
1887:
1835:
1824:
1808:
1783:
1731:
1563:for their time in office and for life afterwards.
1420:the bill, thereby annulling the law in question.
1115:, the former Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario, had
6128:
4963:The Canadian Crown and the Canadian Armed Forces
4562:Public Works and Government Services Canada 1997
4004:Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta,
3512:Mike Doyle, "Porteous replacement likely soon",
2850:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p.
2247:
2136:
2120:
2084:
2032:
1980:
1912:
1876:
1860:
1411:parliament. The lieutenant-governor also grants
4574:Fee, Margery; McAlpine, Janice (3 April 2007).
4369:
4067:One Canada: The Years of Achievement, 1957–1962
2873:
2871:
1964:
1704:
938:Beginning immediately after confederation, the
4007:The Citizen's Guide to the Alberta Legislature
3436:Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario.
3322:. Victoria: Trafford Publishing. p. iii.
3271:
1126:The lieutenant-governors are appointed by the
5639:
5124:
4925:Advisory Committee on Vice-Regal Appointments
4631:
3755:. Vancouver: Ronsdale Press. pp. 16–17.
3463:Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.
3440:. Queen's Printer for Ontario. Archived from
2947:
2945:
2313:
2188:
1928:
1772:
1720:
1557:, and is granted the additional honorific of
1472:The lieutenant governor hosts members of the
997:
553:
5989:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
5984:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
4395:
4223:. Heritage Canada Foundation. Archived from
4194:. Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from
3925:. Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from
3898:. Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from
3782:Murdoch University Electronic Journal of Law
3753:The Governor General and the Prime Ministers
3707:
3705:
3467:. Éditeur officiel du Québec. Archived from
3182:(3). Toronto: Monarchist League of Canada: 6
2868:
2684:For example, Lieutenant Governor of Ontario
2596:For example, Lieutenant Governor of Alberta
737:
731:
4527:Public Works and Government Services Canada
4456:. St. John Ambulance Canada. Archived from
4407:Public Works and Government Services Canada
4321:
4319:
4140:"Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada"
4061:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3807:Dawson, R. MacGregor; Dawson, W.F. (1989).
3747:
2503:Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island
2348:of the position title. Various acts in the
1536:
5646:
5632:
5131:
5117:
4638:
4624:
3921:Office of the Governor General of Canada.
3438:"Protocol and Ceremony > Administrator"
3136:
3106:
2942:
1513:Vice-Regal and Commissioners' Commendation
560:
546:
5161:
4357:
4118:. Sydney: Federation Press. p. 100.
3959:. Sydney: Federation Press. p. 102.
3717:
3702:
3582:
3576:
3538:
3166:
3023:
754:appoints the lieutenant governors on the
4316:
4310:
4277:
4013:, Queen's Printer for Alberta, p. 7
3991:
3979:
3941:
3735:
3723:
3696:
3410:
3367:
3305:
3160:
3076:
2993:
2963:
2951:
2936:
2803:
2801:
2749:
2719:
2690:2008 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony
2688:represented the Queen and Canada at the
1565:
1492:
1453:
1441:
1379:
1188:
1144:
1136:
1001:
842:
4601:
4363:
4345:
4164:
4158:
4030:
3711:
3317:
3239:
3212:
3200:
2841:
2764:
2662:grounds that they were unconstitutional
2495:Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia
1667:
1651:, and is also, along with all flags on
1526:
1511:territorial commissioners) present the
1497:Lieutenant Governor's Recognition Badge
1387:, lieutenant governor of Ontario, whom
1103:. Former Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec
984:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
813:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
67:Sovereigns of Canada and their consorts
14:
6129:
4645:
4608:Canada: A Political and Social History
4429:"Table of Titles to be used in Canada"
4039:. University of Regina. Archived from
3842:
3615:
3373:
2877:
2807:
2678:
1204:from 1981 to 1987, with his wife, Ruth
915:were created for the new provinces of
5627:
5414:
5160:
5112:
4619:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4113:
3952:
3424:The Office of the Lieutenant-Governor
3342:
3169:"Golden Jubilee and Provincial Crown"
2999:"Prince Edward Island Terms of Union"
2798:
2671:in 1961 reserved Royal Assent to the
2590:
2577:
2561:
5148:This article is part of the series:
4083:
4033:"Bastedo, Frank Lindsay (1886–1973)"
2522:
2475:
2468:
1202:lieutenant governor of New Brunswick
905:Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick
4537:. Hamilton: Dundern Press. p.
4514:Department of National Defence 1999
4502:Department of National Defence 1999
4352:Department of National Defence 1999
3775:
2888:Golden Jubilee and Provincial Crown
2666:Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan
2640:
2550:Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan
2517:Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland
2507:Commission Governor of Newfoundland
2463:Lieutenant governor (United States)
2453:Commissioner § Canadian territories
1544:is also entitled to the use of the
1164:members of the legislative assembly
1022:(Manitoba); seated, left to right:
988:unlike in the Australian federation
849:lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan
24:
4663:Monarchy in the Canadian provinces
4266:
3788:(3). Perth: Murdoch University: 12
2623:
2618:the province's viceregal residence
2458:Governors of the Australian states
1343:of the legislature. This group of
1337:member of the legislative assembly
1211:at the governor general's pleasure
1119:as a child and used crutches or a
901:Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia
40:
25:
6163:
4479:Department of Canadian Heritage.
3490:Legislative Assembly of Alberta.
3275:The Crown and Canadian Federalism
3054:Legislative Assembly of Alberta.
2969:"British Columbia Terms of Union"
2499:Governors of Prince Edward Island
2372:(lower case and hyphenated) when
2368:(upper case with hyphen), though
1464:receives the viceregal salute at
1282:
497:Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria
251:Secretary to the Governor General
6008:United Kingdom lieutenancy areas
5735:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
5098:Debate on the monarchy in Canada
4167:"The Senior Realms of the Queen"
4037:The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan
2673:Mineral Contracts Alteration Act
2635:Queen's Privy Council for Canada
2616:died in the fire that destroyed
2437:
2423:
2409:
2302:
2269:
2236:
2213:
2161:
2109:
2057:
2005:
1953:
1901:
1849:
1797:
1745:
1693:
1050:, though a number, up until the
687:
665:
532:Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II
527:Sapphire Jubilee of Elizabeth II
492:Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria
207:Provincial residences or offices
6003:Other viceregal representatives
5415:
4576:Guide to Canadian English Usage
4567:
4555:
4519:
4507:
4495:
4472:
4446:
4327:Department of Canadian Heritage
4304:
4239:
4213:
4180:
4132:
4107:
4091:Department of Canadian Heritage
4055:
4024:
3997:
3985:
3973:
3914:
3884:
3849:How Canadians Govern Themselves
3836:
3811:Democratic Government in Canada
3800:
3769:
3741:
3729:
3690:
3652:
3609:
3532:
3519:
3506:
3483:
3456:
3429:
3416:
3404:
3361:
3336:
3311:
3299:
3282:
3265:
3233:
3206:
3130:
3100:
3070:
3047:
3017:
2987:
2530:Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba
2378:Guide to Canadian English Usage
1487:Department of Canadian Heritage
1293:Though the monarch retains all
896:British North America Act, 1867
742:) is the representative of the
522:Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II
5949:British Indian Ocean Territory
5870:Realm of New Zealand countries
5088:Canadian Secretary to the King
5072:Canadian Coronation Contingent
4793:Lieutenant governors in Canada
4595:
4278:McCreery, Christopher (2008),
3660:Department of National Defence
2957:
2930:
2835:
2743:
2713:
2647:Lieutenant Governor of Alberta
2583:Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
2540:Lieutenant Governor of Alberta
1575:lieutenant governor of Ontario
1238:prorogued Legislative Assembly
933:their own lieutenant governors
909:Lieutenant Governor of Ontario
807:) until the ruling in 1882 of
517:Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II
507:Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II
256:RCMP Personal Protection Group
27:Viceroy of a Canadian province
13:
1:
5807:Canadian lieutenant governors
5093:History of monarchy in Canada
3551:Canadian Parliamentary Review
3494:. Queen's Printer for Alberta
3058:. Queen's Printer for Alberta
1662:
1459:Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
1431:
1230:federal Department of Justice
913:Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
6152:Westminster system in Canada
5926:British Overseas Territories
4483:. Queen's Printer for Canada
4333:. Queen's Printer for Canada
3776:Cox, Noel (September 2002).
3529:, LIX No 3, July 78, p. 176.
3167:Jackson, Michael D. (2003).
2707:
2509:became in 1949, through the
1424:insisted on the creation of
512:Ruby Jubilee of Elizabeth II
304:Crown and Indigenous peoples
62:Canadian monarchical history
7:
5944:British Antarctic Territory
3892:Library and Archives Canada
2898:(published 2003). p. 6
2896:Monarchist League of Canada
2778:University of Toronto Press
2552:was created in 1905 by the
2542:was created in 1905 by the
2532:was created in 1870 by the
2485:became in 1871, through an
2402:
2335:
1687:Appointed on the advice of
1618:—composed of the first six
1577:from 1946 to 1952, wearing
1353:or, more specifically, the
1038:(New Brunswick); (missing:
1020:James Albert Manning Aikins
805:Governor-General-in-Council
10:
6168:
5764:Australian state governors
5176:Sovereign in the provinces
4781:Governor General of Canada
3953:Boyce, Peter John (2008).
2223:
2220:
1677:
1674:
1641:lieutenant-governor's flag
1579:second-class court uniform
1435:
1286:
1251:
1128:Governor General of Canada
998:Selection and appointments
838:
768:Canada's three territories
752:governor general of Canada
746:in the government of each
502:Silver Jubilee of George V
51:This article is part of a
6018:
6002:
5924:
5896:
5868:
5835:Newfoundland and Labrador
5805:
5762:
5755:
5661:
5583:
5501:
5423:
5410:
5328:
5300:
5237:
5174:
5156:
5146:
5080:
5017:
4976:
4933:
4920:Territorial Commissioners
4771:
4723:
4653:
4165:Jackson, Michael (2009).
4096:Canada: Symbols of Canada
4031:Jackson, Michael (2006).
2168:Newfoundland and Labrador
1335:—in almost all cases the
954:, reflecting the view of
792:British North America Act
764:His Excellency’s pleasure
129:List of governors general
5994:Turks and Caicos Islands
4174:Canadian Monarchist News
3176:Canadian Monarchist News
2894:. Vol. 7. Toronto:
2842:Smith, David E. (1995).
2725:"Constitution Act, 1867"
2548:, and the office of the
1244:, on February 22, 1978.
1196:(left), designer of the
1018:(Prince Edward Island),
760:prime minister of Canada
5018:Ceremonial and symbolic
3616:Webber, Jeremy (1997).
3343:Munro, Kenneth (2005).
3318:Munro, Kenneth (2005).
3213:Donovan, David (2009),
2354:Lieutenant Governor of
1265:parliamentary democracy
1247:
1234:Prime Minister's Office
739:lieutenante-gouverneure
5954:British Virgin Islands
4409:. Government of Canada
4383:. Government of Canada
3626:The McGill Law Journal
3347:. Victoria: Trafford.
1622:of the Royal Anthem ("
1581:
1537:
1498:
1469:
1447:
1401:Speech From the Throne
1395:
1385:Albert Edward Matthews
1345:ministers of the Crown
1316:Constitution Act, 1867
1269:responsible government
1226:Chief Justice Culliton
1205:
1198:Canadian national flag
1150:
1142:
1087:lieutenant governors.
1069:Pauline Mills McGibbon
1043:
1036:William Frederick Todd
1008:Henry William Newlands
964:Constitution Act, 1867
855:
824:Constitution Act, 1982
787:Canadian Confederation
738:
732:
374:Canadian royal symbols
45:
5725:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4114:Boyce, Peter (2008).
3146:The Solon Law Archive
3116:The Solon Law Archive
3086:The Solon Law Archive
3033:The Solon Law Archive
3003:The Solon Law Archive
2973:The Solon Law Archive
2729:The Solon Law Archive
2669:Frank Lindsay Bastedo
2350:Canadian constitution
2243:Northwest Territories
1569:
1517:Royal Victorian Order
1496:
1474:Canadian Royal Family
1457:
1445:
1436:Further information:
1383:
1252:Further information:
1192:
1148:
1140:
1130:on the advice of the
1012:Walter Cameron Nichol
1005:
978:" that characterized
929:Northwest Territories
864:British North America
846:
783:British North America
733:lieutenant-gouverneur
487:Coronation Contingent
447:Royal tours of Canada
246:Secretary to the King
72:Monarchy by provinces
44:
5850:Prince Edward Island
5669:Counsellors of State
5239:Lieutenant Governors
4433:Government of Canada
4284:, Toronto: Dundurn,
4189:"Performance Report"
4063:Diefenbaker, John G.
3516:, Feb 8, 1978, p. 3.
3272:D. Michael Jackson.
3082:"Manitoba Act, 1870"
2620:on 21 February 1966.
2538:, the office of the
2397:lieutenants governor
2393:lieutenant governors
2370:lieutenant-governors
2329:Governor in Council
2296:Governor in Council
2263:Governor in Council
2012:Prince Edward Island
1668:Lieutenant governors
1527:Symbols and protocol
1024:James Robson Douglas
1016:Frank Richard Heartz
1014:(British Columbia),
868:Prince Edward Island
801:government of Canada
384:Royal Arms of Canada
379:Great Seal of Canada
299:Crown and the Forces
134:Lieutenant governors
6111:Trinidad and Tobago
5680:Antigua and Barbuda
4201:on 27 February 2008
4103:on January 11, 2014
3929:on 11 December 2007
3527:The Parliamentarian
2846:The Invisible Crown
2366:Lieutenant-Governor
1655:property, flown at
1533:order of precedence
1355:Governor-in-Council
1258:Canadian federalism
1174:is played and a 15-
980:American federalism
942:government and the
683:lieutenant governor
6147:Viceroys in Canada
6142:Monarchy of Canada
5898:Crown Dependencies
5150:Politics of Canada
4989:Crown corporations
4948:King-in-Parliament
4647:Monarchy in Canada
4533:The Canadian Style
4254:on 29 January 2013
3471:on 12 October 2009
3142:"Saskatchewan Act"
3029:"Newfoundland Act"
2660:government on the
2528:The office of the
2362:The Canadian Style
2176:Joan Marie Aylward
1582:
1539:primus inter pares
1499:
1470:
1468:ceremonies in 2010
1448:
1396:
1206:
1186:with the monarch.
1168:Oath of Allegiance
1151:
1143:
1101:Hong Kong-Canadian
1044:
982:. A ruling by the
972:American Civil War
880:Province of Quebec
856:
339:Crown corporations
309:Monarchical debate
284:King-in-Parliament
46:
34:Monarchy of Canada
6124:
6123:
6014:
6013:
5797:Western Australia
5675:Governors-general
5621:
5620:
5603:Political culture
5588:Foreign relations
5579:
5578:
5406:
5405:
5106:
5105:
5067:Thrones of Canada
5009:Royal commissions
4953:King-on-the-Bench
4585:978-0-19-542602-1
4548:978-1-55002-276-6
4460:on 4 October 2009
4381:Canadian Heritage
4125:978-1-86287-700-9
4076:978-0-333-23516-4
3902:on 11 August 2009
3749:McWhinney, Edward
3602:978-0-662-46012-1
3589:A Crown of Maples
3584:MacLeod, Kevin S.
3422:John T. Saywell,
3354:978-1-4120-5317-4
3259:978-0-662-46012-1
3246:A Crown of Maples
3241:MacLeod, Kevin S.
3027:(23 March 1949).
2920:|periodical=
2817:Canadian Heritage
2811:(23 April 2007).
2723:(29 March 1867).
2469:Explanatory notes
2333:
2332:
2211:
2210:
2184:November 14, 2023
1872:September 8, 2019
1716:November 14, 2023
1624:God Save the King
1482:province's orders
1426:royal commissions
1367:courts of probate
1363:orders in council
1339:who commands the
1321:executive council
1307:Royal Prerogative
1158:awaits to give a
1081:Mayann E. Francis
1077:Lincoln Alexander
1052:Nickle Resolution
1028:Narcisse Pérodeau
962:, who set up the
960:the Earl of Derby
956:John A. Macdonald
797:Executive Council
570:
569:
457:St Edward's Crown
437:Thrones of Canada
334:Royal commissions
289:King-on-the-Bench
16:(Redirected from
6159:
6061:Irish Free State
5964:Falkland Islands
5820:British Columbia
5760:
5759:
5720:Papua New Guinea
5671:(United Kingdom)
5648:
5641:
5634:
5625:
5624:
5412:
5411:
5158:
5157:
5133:
5126:
5119:
5110:
5109:
5030:Crown Collection
4640:
4633:
4626:
4617:
4616:
4612:
4590:
4589:
4571:
4565:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4536:
4523:
4517:
4511:
4505:
4504:, p. 14-2-2
4499:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4476:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4450:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4399:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4373:
4367:
4361:
4355:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4338:
4323:
4314:
4308:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4275:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4243:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4217:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4200:
4193:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4171:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4151:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4059:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4048:
4028:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4012:
4001:
3995:
3989:
3983:
3977:
3971:
3970:
3950:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3888:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3872:on 25 March 2009
3871:
3865:. Archived from
3854:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3831:monarchy canada.
3814:
3804:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3773:
3767:
3766:
3745:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3709:
3700:
3694:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3683:
3678:on 25 March 2009
3677:
3670:
3662:(1 April 1999).
3656:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3639:
3622:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3594:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3564:on 26 April 2012
3563:
3548:
3536:
3530:
3523:
3517:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3476:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3433:
3427:
3420:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3385:
3377:
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3140:(20 July 1905).
3134:
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3123:
3110:(20 July 1905).
3104:
3098:
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2997:(26 June 1873).
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2828:
2819:. Archived from
2805:
2796:
2795:
2775:
2766:Saywell, John T.
2762:
2753:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2736:
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2682:
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2654:William Aberhart
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2555:Saskatchewan Act
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2512:Newfoundland Act
2487:Order in Council
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2028:October 20, 2017
2024:
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2020:Antoinette Perry
2010:
2009:
1999:
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1960:British Columbia
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1924:October 24, 2022
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1768:January 25, 2024
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1672:
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1616:Viceregal Salute
1598:British Columbia
1542:
1389:Mitchell Hepburn
1172:Viceregal Salute
1093:Chinese-Canadian
1010:(Saskatchewan),
931:—which each had
853:Amédée E. Forget
829:House of Commons
741:
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139:LGs by provinces
124:Governor General
43:
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5772:New South Wales
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5740:Solomon Islands
5657:
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5622:
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5613:Politics portal
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5062:Title and style
5057:Special address
5013:
4984:Crown copyright
4972:
4943:King-in-Council
4929:
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4649:
4644:
4598:
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4549:
4524:
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4516:, p. 4-2-6
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4362:
4358:
4354:, pp. 11–2
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4214:
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4198:
4191:
4185:
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4169:
4163:
4159:
4149:
4147:
4146:on 9 March 2010
4138:
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3540:Roberts, Edward
3537:
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3447:
3445:
3444:on 12 June 2011
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3080:(12 May 1870).
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2967:(16 May 1871).
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2879:Watson, William
2876:
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2862:
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2836:
2826:
2824:
2823:on 11 June 2011
2806:
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2628:
2624:
2606:Frank Stanfield
2595:
2591:
2585:Jean-Louis Roux
2582:
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2566:
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2527:
2523:
2480:
2476:
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2445:Politics portal
2443:
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2431:Monarchy portal
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2132:August 26, 2020
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2072:Russell Mirasty
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1760:Manon Jeannotte
1758:
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1721:
1706:
1705:
1692:
1670:
1665:
1653:Canadian Forces
1649:king's standard
1628:national anthem
1529:
1508:Heritage Canada
1466:Remembrance Day
1462:Pierre Duchesne
1440:
1434:
1350:King-in-Council
1291:
1285:
1260:
1250:
1222:George Porteous
1156:guard of honour
1034:(Ontario), and
1032:Henry Cockshutt
1026:(Nova Scotia),
1000:
944:Colonial Office
841:
815:in the case of
809:the Lord Watson
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432:Style and title
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394:Royal monuments
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344:Crown copyright
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4999:King's Printer
4996:
4994:King's Consent
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4971:
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4935:Constitutional
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4659:
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4650:
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4642:
4635:
4628:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4603:McInnis, Edgar
4597:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4584:
4566:
4554:
4547:
4518:
4506:
4494:
4471:
4445:
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4356:
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4303:
4290:
4265:
4238:
4212:
4179:
4157:
4131:
4124:
4106:
4082:
4075:
4054:
4043:on 24 May 2013
4023:
3996:
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3972:
3965:
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3883:
3861:
3844:Forsey, Eugene
3835:
3825:
3799:
3768:
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3728:
3716:
3701:
3699:, III.9, IV.17
3689:
3651:
3640:on 6 July 2011
3608:
3601:
3575:
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3482:
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3403:
3389:Canada Gazette
3381:"Proclamation"
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3328:
3310:
3298:
3281:
3278:. p. 127.
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2491:Queen Victoria
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2420:
2404:
2401:
2395:, rather than
2346:capitalization
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2289:
2284:Adeline Webber
2278:
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2232:
2231:
2228:
2227:Assumed office
2225:
2222:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2203:Justin Trudeau
2197:
2186:
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2157:
2156:
2151:Justin Trudeau
2145:
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2129:
2118:
2105:
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2099:Justin Trudeau
2093:
2082:
2077:
2066:
2053:
2052:
2047:Justin Trudeau
2041:
2030:
2025:
2014:
2001:
2000:
1995:Justin Trudeau
1989:
1978:
1976:April 24, 2018
1973:
1962:
1949:
1948:
1943:Justin Trudeau
1937:
1926:
1921:
1910:
1897:
1896:
1891:Justin Trudeau
1885:
1874:
1869:
1858:
1845:
1844:
1839:Justin Trudeau
1833:
1828:David Johnston
1822:
1817:
1812:Arthur LeBlanc
1806:
1793:
1792:
1787:Justin Trudeau
1781:
1770:
1765:
1754:
1741:
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1735:Justin Trudeau
1729:
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1713:
1702:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1681:Assumed office
1679:
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1669:
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1664:
1661:
1560:The Honourable
1528:
1525:
1433:
1430:
1375:reserve powers
1287:Main article:
1284:
1283:Constitutional
1281:
1249:
1246:
1242:Irwin McIntosh
1194:George Stanley
1180:John J. Bowlen
1160:general salute
1132:prime minister
1083:) and several
1054:in 1919, were
999:
996:
976:states' rights
840:
837:
803:(that is, the
744:king of Canada
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91:
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56:
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37:
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26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6164:
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5830:New Brunswick
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5333:
5331:
5327:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5303:
5302:Commissioners
5299:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
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5260:
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5242:
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5236:
5230:
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5207:
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5192:
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5187:
5185:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5177:
5173:
5168:
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5159:
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5145:
5141:
5134:
5129:
5127:
5122:
5120:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5079:
5073:
5070:
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5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5035:Royal symbols
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5025:Chapels Royal
5023:
5022:
5020:
5016:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5004:Royal charter
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4975:
4969:
4966:
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4779:
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4770:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
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4736:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4722:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
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4676:
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4669:
4666:
4665:
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4656:
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4648:
4641:
4636:
4634:
4629:
4627:
4622:
4621:
4618:
4610:
4609:
4604:
4600:
4599:
4587:
4581:
4577:
4570:
4563:
4558:
4550:
4544:
4540:
4535:
4534:
4528:
4522:
4515:
4510:
4503:
4498:
4482:
4475:
4459:
4455:
4449:
4434:
4430:
4424:
4408:
4404:
4398:
4382:
4378:
4372:
4365:
4360:
4353:
4348:
4332:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4312:
4311:McCreery 2008
4307:
4293:
4291:9781459712249
4287:
4283:
4282:
4274:
4272:
4270:
4253:
4249:
4242:
4227:on 6 May 2009
4226:
4222:
4216:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4175:
4168:
4161:
4145:
4141:
4135:
4127:
4121:
4117:
4110:
4102:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4086:
4078:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4058:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4027:
4009:
4008:
4000:
3993:
3992:Victoria 1867
3988:
3981:
3980:Victoria 1867
3976:
3968:
3966:9781862877009
3962:
3958:
3957:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3928:
3924:
3917:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3887:
3868:
3864:
3862:0-662-39689-8
3858:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3839:
3832:
3828:
3826:0-8020-6703-4
3822:
3818:
3813:
3812:
3803:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3772:
3764:
3762:1-55380-031-1
3758:
3754:
3750:
3744:
3737:
3736:Victoria 1867
3732:
3725:
3724:Victoria 1867
3720:
3713:
3708:
3706:
3698:
3697:Victoria 1867
3693:
3674:
3667:
3666:
3661:
3655:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3627:
3619:
3612:
3604:
3598:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3579:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3545:
3541:
3535:
3528:
3522:
3515:
3509:
3493:
3486:
3470:
3466:
3459:
3443:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3419:
3412:
3411:Victoria 1867
3407:
3391:
3390:
3382:
3376:
3369:
3368:Victoria 1867
3364:
3356:
3350:
3346:
3339:
3331:
3329:1-4120-5317-X
3325:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3306:Victoria 1867
3302:
3291:
3285:
3277:
3276:
3268:
3261:
3255:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3236:
3218:
3217:
3209:
3203:, p. 291
3202:
3197:
3181:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3133:
3117:
3113:
3112:"Alberta Act"
3109:
3103:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3057:
3050:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2990:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2960:
2953:
2952:Victoria 1867
2948:
2946:
2938:
2937:Victoria 1867
2933:
2925:
2913:
2897:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2872:
2863:
2861:0-8020-7793-5
2857:
2853:
2848:
2847:
2838:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2809:Kenney, Jason
2804:
2802:
2793:
2791:9780802070418
2787:
2783:
2779:
2774:
2773:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2751:
2750:Victoria 1867
2746:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2712:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2681:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2658:Social Credit
2655:
2651:
2650:John C. Bowen
2648:
2643:
2636:
2632:
2626:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2610:David MacKeen
2607:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2586:
2580:
2573:
2572:Lise Thibault
2569:
2564:
2557:
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2531:
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2417:Canada portal
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2363:
2359:
2358:jurisdictions
2355:
2351:
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2343:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2312:
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2300:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2279:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2251:Gerald Kisoun
2246:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2230:Appointed by
2229:
2226:
2219:
2214:Commissioners
2204:
2198:
2193:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2141:
2140:Julie Payette
2135:
2130:
2125:
2124:Salma Lakhani
2119:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2089:
2088:Julie Payette
2083:
2080:July 17, 2019
2078:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2037:
2036:Julie Payette
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1985:
1984:Julie Payette
1979:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1916:Anita Neville
1911:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1881:
1880:Julie Payette
1875:
1870:
1865:
1864:Brenda Murphy
1859:
1857:
1856:New Brunswick
1852:
1847:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1829:
1823:
1820:June 28, 2017
1818:
1813:
1807:
1805:
1800:
1795:
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1606:
1601:
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1595:
1591:
1587:
1586:court uniform
1580:
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1551:
1547:
1541:
1540:
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1524:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1504:New Brunswick
1495:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1478:ethnic groups
1475:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1452:
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1421:
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1402:
1394:
1390:
1386:
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1378:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1359:proclamations
1356:
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1334:
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1326:
1322:
1318:
1317:
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1218:
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1203:
1199:
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1187:
1185:
1181:
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1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1147:
1139:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1105:Lise Thibault
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
936:
934:
930:
926:
925:Rupert's Land
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
897:
891:
889:
885:
881:
877:
876:New Brunswick
873:
869:
865:
861:
860:Confederation
854:
851:(1905–1910),
850:
845:
836:
834:
830:
826:
825:
820:
819:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
793:
788:
784:
780:
775:
773:
772:Commissioners
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
740:
734:
729:
723:
684:
680:
663:
662:
656:
655:
649:
648:
642:
641:
635:
634:
628:
627:
621:
620:
614:
613:
607:
606:
600:
599:
593:
592:
586:
585:
579:
578:
563:
558:
556:
551:
549:
544:
543:
541:
540:
533:
530:
528:
525:
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520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
482:Accession Day
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
442:Chapels Royal
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
429:
426:Related links
423:
422:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
389:Royal eponyms
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
371:
368:
363:
362:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
329:Royal charter
327:
326:
323:
318:
317:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
281:
280:
275:
270:
269:
262:
261:Chapels royal
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
236:
233:
230:
227:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
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191:
187:
182:
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174:
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162:
159:
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154:
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148:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
121:
118:
113:
112:
107:
104:
101:
98:
95:
92:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
73:
70:
68:
65:
63:
60:
59:
58:
57:
54:
50:
49:
39:
38:
35:
32:
31:
19:
6101:South Africa
6096:Sierra Leone
5878:Cook Islands
5860:Saskatchewan
5756:Sub-national
5425:Legislatures
5238:
5050:2000–present
4958:King's peace
4758:Elizabeth II
4607:
4575:
4569:
4564:, p. 70
4557:
4532:
4521:
4509:
4497:
4485:. Retrieved
4474:
4462:. Retrieved
4458:the original
4448:
4436:. Retrieved
4432:
4423:
4411:. Retrieved
4406:
4397:
4385:. Retrieved
4380:
4371:
4366:, p. 37
4364:MacLeod 2008
4359:
4347:
4335:. Retrieved
4313:, p. 47
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5840:Nova Scotia
5730:Saint Lucia
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5417:Legislative
5040:Royal tours
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4596:Works cited
4438:28 February
4413:28 February
4387:28 February
4297:11 November
2780:. pp.
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1590:Nova Scotia
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1273:nonpartisan
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1060:nonpartisan
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4851:List
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4803:List
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4580:ISBN
4543:ISBN
4489:2009
4466:2009
4440:2016
4415:2016
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