List of lynching victims in the United States

21663: 52: 36: 27281: 30173: 27263: 23597: 27298: 19: 31793: 7077:, and burned in the courthouse square by a mob of more than 2,000 citizens. Duncan's and Coker's employer testified that they were at his business at the time of the crime against Edwards, and other evidence suggested that they and Allen were all innocent. After the mass lynching in Springfield, many African Americans left the area in a large exodus. Judge Azariah W. Lincoln called for a grand jury, but no one was prosecuted. The proceedings were covered by national newspapers, the New York Times and Los Angeles Times. 12102:

entrance waiting for him. As his wagon entered the woods, the men stopped Jesse. They began beating him and eventually hanged him on a tree. Jesse's workers took off running. One of them ran back to Jesse's farm to let the family know what was happening. The family got a horse-drawn buggy and went to rescue him. By the time they got there, Jesse was barely alive. They found him because he raised one of his legs in the air to let them know where he was.

28119: 27309: 22787: 27048: 22624:"A Night of Excitement. David Jones, the Murderer of Murray, Taken from the Jail by a Mob. Murderer Offers Resistance, and is Shot Twice. Afterwards Taken to the Public Square and Hanged in Front of the Station House. The Hanging Witnesses by Immense Crowd of Excited Citizens. Efforts of the Mayor to Restore Quiet. Gov. Brown Makes an Appeal in Behalf of Law and Order" 27040: 25468: 25460: 25146: 14056:

Sheriff Camp was able to get Long out of the Barrows county jail in Winder but when he was taking him to Atlanta, he was stopped on the roads, overpowered and Jim Reed Long was taken by a mob and hanged. Some reports say by the Ku-Klux Klan. News media of the time repeated that the lynching was "orderly conducted."

31690: 22869:"A Fearful Outrage. A Negro Murderer Lynched by a Few Citizens in Nashville—A Mob Looking On and Endorsing the Deed. The State Disgraced by a Supine Set of Officers—An Unmitigated Outrage Against Law and Decency. A Crime for Which the Perpetrators Out to be Made to Pay with Their Lives—The Whole State Demands It" 15429:

This Pullman Porter was dragged off his train and lynched A protest manifesto mentioning his lynching and two others had a cropped picture of a lynched African American. This cropped photograph is taken from one of an African American lynched/hanged from a telephone pole in a railyard (Georgia(?); it

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Bill McAllister was killed by gunshot. The news of this lynching did not reach the national media until January 8, 1922, and so it is recorded as the first lynching of 1922 in America. The United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary recorded five lynching incidents recorded in December 1921, none

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Dragged from jail and hanged at a nearby tree, upon the alleged statement of two African-American women; the women who made the statement were arrested the next day for making a false statement, according to one source and/or disappeared. The day after Williams was lynched, a second African-American,

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The five men were arrested and accused of the murder several members of a local white family, the Lyerlys. When returned for a court hearing and while under heavy guard, a mob led by George Hall pulled Dillingham and the Gillepsies, father and son, from their jail cells. They were paraded through the

1112:

A group of masked men appeared at both the rear and front doors of Samuel Bierfield's store. When he refused to open the back door, they broke in. He ran out the front, where he encountered the rest of the group. The masked men shot Bierfield five times. They mortally wounded his black clerk Lawrence

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Three Klansmen (Henry Hays, James Knowles, and Benjamin Cox) were convicted of Donald's murder. Henry Hays was sentenced to death and executed in the electric chair in 1997. James Knowles and Benjamin Cox were sentenced to life in prison. A civil suit against the United Klans of America caused their

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A charred body, of a white man, was discovered on January 28, 1922, by H.T. Raines. Investigators determined that he was burned a few weeks earlier. The body was strung between two trees and a large pile of wood was piled around him. It was reported that the body was most likely Drew Connor who went

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Two rangers had taken Garcia into custody for a theft investigation. The next day they let Garcia go, and were last seen escorting him on a mule. Garcia was never seen again. A month after the interrogation, bones and Garcia's clothing were found beside the road where the Rangers claimed to have let

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Washington confessed and a jury found him guilty. Dragged behind car, castrated, fingers cut off, ear cut off, burned alive. Professionally photographed; pictures sold as postcards. Lynching of "political value" to Sheriff and to the judge who presided over his trial. "On the way to the scene of the

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Jesus and Antonio went to report that a few of their horses had been stolen to the Texas Rangers. After they reported that stuff to the Rangers and left, Ranger Henry Ransom followed Jesus and Antonio and shot both of them dead. Henry Ransom had called for the bodies to be left in the open to spread

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Johnson was to be transported to Annapolis for his safety that same day, but those plans were delayed. Around two o'clock in the morning on December 26, 1911, a mob broke into the unguarded jail where Johnson was kept. When Johnson fought back preventing a noose from being placed on his neck, he was

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Three men (Eugene Marshall, Wade Patterson, James West) lynched at the same time after the mob broke into jail after threatening the jailor for the keys. All three were hanged from the Chesapeake and Ohio bridge. One rope for two men (Patterson and West) was used, which snapped. Afterward, they were

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Was arrested/held as a witness for one of three defendants accused of rape and murder of a white woman. The three defendants were sentenced to death, but the governor commuted to life one man's sentence. Angry at the lighter sentence, a mob seized Richardson from the jail and hanged him from a train

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Thompson and Despano were two of four men jailed for allegedly murdering a Mr. Simpson. A mob broke into the jail which was abandoned by the jailor. To avoid lynching, one of the four, Elias Scraggs, slit his own throat. Thompson and Despano were taken by the mob and hanged from a tree. After seeing

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Mob of 10 to 30, at least seven with baseball bats chased and beat Hawkins and friends. Hawkins was ultimately shot by Joseph Fama, who was convicted of second-degree murder in 1990. Keith Mondello, was acquitted on murder charges but convicted for 12 lessor offenses. Three other men were convicted

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A police officer stopped "three negroes in regards to the butchering of a turtle" on June 3, 1923. After a struggle, the officer was shot and described the assailants before dying 3 days later. A lynch mob first seized James Sands, who was beaten before one of the mob declared he was "not the one".

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Mr Bruce White had hired Steelman for some work. White and Steelman ate breakfast at White's house and then walked to the work site. Steelman made an excuse and returned to White's house where he allegedly attacked Mrs. Bruce White. Her yelling alerted a Black field hand who had run away after Mrs.

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A white mob, some 500 strong, broke into the jail and seized Gilbert Harris after overpowering the police in the public square (actually a triangle shape in front of the Como hotel). Even though Harris had a history of break and enters, he professed his innocence. The mob later took the corpse back

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Hanged upside down from a tree, doused her in gasoline and motor oil and set her on fire. Turner was still alive when a member of the mob split her abdomen open with a knife and her unborn child fell on the ground. The baby was stomped and crushed as it fell to the ground. Turner's body was riddled

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Vazquez was found hanging from the tree and was suspected to be one of the Mexicans stealing cattle from the ranch of Will Parker, who discovered the 17 year old. Three Mexicans were also caught nearby skinning stolen beef, with which they tried to escape arrest, but one of the Mexicans who did was

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Suspect Richard Young was sought on March 27, 1902, injuring Mrs Fountain and mortally injuring her son Dower Fountain. Victim was hanged and burned in a swamp However, victim was not suspect Richard Young-since Richard Young and accomplice James Stewart were captured, tried and sentenced to prison

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By 9:00 p.m. on May 19, nearly 1,000 men and women gathered at the jail. A body of masked men carrying an assortment of weapons demanded the Sheriff open the jail's door. When the Sheriff refused, the men used a sledgehammer to breach the door rushed in, and swiftly overpowered the Sheriff and

1995:

Green was being held at the jail in Upper Marlboro. Threats of lynching were openly made and were held off by the vigilance of Sheriff James N.W. Wilson. On September 1, 1878, a band of masked men removed Green from the jail and took him a mile outside of town to the corner of Queen Anne's Road and

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were also lynched occasionally. At least six law officers were killed trying to stop lynch mobs, three of whom succeeded at the cost of their own lives, including Deputy Sheriff Samuel Joseph Lewis in 1882, and two law officers in 1915 in South Carolina. Three law officers were themselves hanged by

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Benavides was a Mexican shepherd who was accused by the police to have attacked a white man's wife. The police then went to arrest Benavides and shot him for resisting arrest. They rushed him to the hospital; three men then called the hospital asking if the Mexican was being guarded by authorities

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The Delray Beach Chief of Police later testified to the City Council that they had refused to release the prisoner to a stranger claiming to be an official from Miami; however, the prisoner was counted in the cell as of midnight on September 26. The Police department was declared "free of blame of

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The allegation was based on the testimony of two young boys who said they saw a black man running from the scene of the crime. Marshall was lynched in front of a crowd of 1,000. When the sheriff arrived, he cut Marshall down and was putting him in the car when Marshall made noise indicating he was

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Ms. Violet Wood was visiting the house of her aunt, Ms. Pearl Saunders, when she interrupted a burglary allegedly undertaken by Jim Reed Long. Startled to find Wood in the house, he struck her with an iron bar. After his arrest, a mob quickly gathered in Winder, demanding that Long be handed over.

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Brown Culpepper was living in Holly Grove, Louisiana with his two kids, his wife having moved to Natchez two years earlier. On Saturday, March 11, 1922, a party of unmasked men came to the house he was staying at; when they did not find him, they went to the house of J.R. Hutto where Culpepper was

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He was arrested and a mob of about 1,000 white people stormed the jail and broke down the door with sledgehammers. A noose was placed around his neck and he was dragged by horse to the town square where he was hanged. Four people were later arrested for the lynching, murder indictments were served

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After hearing news of Luis De La Rose had been killed in battle, Sheriff Vann went to Mission, Texas to see if the news was true, on the way, American troops found the bodies of 11 Mexicans. Commander Blocksom ordered an investigation to investigate the killings. He believed that the Mexicans were

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The day after Andrew Williams was lynched by hanging for this murder, Rucker was presumed by the mob to be the actual murderer and, allegedly, confessed to the crime. He was tied to an iron stake, covered with tar, and set afire. The family of the victim shot him as he was burning According to the

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Saladino was accused of murdering a wealthy merchant. Arena and Venturella happened to have been in the same prison, accused of a different murder. All were rounded up together and lynched to "teach the lawless Italians a salutary lesson." After the lynching, another person confessed to the murder

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Bowman, who had been with him at the store. Henry Morton, another black man, had been sitting and chatting with the pair and escaped without injury during the melee. Bierfield pleaded for his life on the street in front of his dry goods store but was shot to death by the masked men at close range.

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Deputy sheriff Granville Edward Farish was trying to collect a debt from Smith when a scuffle broke out. In the fight, Farish smashed a bottle over Smith's head whereupon Smith shot him in the stomach. Smith was arrested and a white mob soon gathered. When officials tried to move Smith to another

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The two white men, Claude and Audey Prowell, who were initially arrested, were released and the sheriff released a statement that they were not involved in the murder of Eula Ausley. Author Monte Akers in his book "Flames After Midnight: Murder, Vengeance and the Desolation of a Texas Community",

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Orozco successfully executed a planned escape to Sierra Blanca where he met up with leaders and future cabinet members where they crossed into Dick Love's ranch who accused them of stealing his horses and later got the Rangers and other law enforcement to look for the men where they found the men

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Rufus Browder killed his employer with an axe after being shot in the chest. Browder was arrested and sent to Louisville. The lynching victims expressed approval for his actions and were jailed for disturbing the peace. On August 1, 1908, a mob demanded release of the men, and lynched them from a

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Sicilian immigrant grocery store owners, the DiFatta brothers, quarreled with a local doctor. The doctor fired his pistol at Carlo and was immediately shot and injured by Giuseppe. Sicilian immigrants Cerami and Fiducia were not involved in the dispute and had simply been nearby when the lynching

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The woman sent a telegram to the next station stating that Scott had insulted her. When the train stopped, Scott was removed by a deputy sheriff. From there the story followed the usual lynching pattern. A mob "over-powered" the sheriff and killed the Negro. The coroner's jury returned the usual

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town and hanged from a tree at the Henderson Ballground near the corner of Long and Henderson Streets. George Hall, a leading member of the mob, was convicted of second degree murder for his involvement and was sentenced to 15 years in prison with hard labor. He was granted clemency by Governor

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After trying to escape a mob that surrounded the 14-year-old boy, he ended up killing a German man named Charles Zieschang which led to the 14 year old's arrest. While being transported to the jailhouse, four men intercepted the two people taking Antonio and successfully lynched Antonio Gomez.

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A one-thousand-member vigilance committee accused the two men of shooting and robbing an old man named George Lenhart. Their fate was decided on the courthouse steps by mock trial, because "the law was tedious, expensive, and uncertain." When law officers interrupted the proceedings, they were

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Jesse Eley was returning from the market in Murfreesboro, North Carolina. He bought some grain for his cattle. He had two workers riding with him in his horse-drawn wagon. As he reached the outskirts of town, he entered a path that went into a wooded area. Several men were hiding in the woods

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A race riot broke out on October 3, 1922, after African-American Joe Terell was arrested in connection with the murder of George Tilson who in turn was searching for a Black assailant that killed white policeman Albert Sansom. African-American Edward Pearl was killed in the race rioting.

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A sheriff who was dragged from his house and lynched; the only evidence of his alleged crimes was in an account written by a lynch mob member to justify lynching; 130 years later Plummer was posthumously tried; the jury reached a split decision (six to six) and a mistrial was declared.

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Taylor was a former slave, and had been a teenage soldier for the Union. A mob dragged him from a jail, tortured him and hanged him from a tree, and mutilated and decapitated his body; no one was prosecuted. In 2018, a local park was named the "John Taylor Memorial Park" after him.

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to face trial. A mob tied a rope around his neck and pulled him out of the courthouse window. Brooks landed on his head on the street below. He was dragged by a car to Elks Arch at the intersection of Main Street and Akard Street. There the mob hanged him from a telephone pole.

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On February 26,1896, two cowboys robbed the city national bank, murdered cashier Frank Dorsey and stole $ 410. They were eventually arrested. On the night of February 26,1896, a mob stormed the prison, dragged the pair from the jail and hanged them in front of the bank building

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burning, people on every hand took a hand in showing their feelings in the matter by striking the Negro with anything obtainable, some struck him with shovels, bricks, clubs and others stabbed him and cut him until when he was strung up his body was a solid color of red."

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The Governor and the sheriff tried unsuccessfully to quiet the crowd in front of the courthouse. Pieces of the lynching rope were sold as souvenirs. Despite 16 wounds to his body and three broken vertebrae, Coroner said he died of "fright". Grand jury declined to indict.

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Robbed a bank with three accomplices while dressed as Santa Claus. Ensuing shootout(s), manhunt, capture, and lynch mob. His hands and feet were bound, and he was hanged with rope thrown over a guy-wire between two telephone poles in a vacant lot behind a movie theater.

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by a group of people organized internally and not authorized by a legitimate government. Lynchers may claim to be issuing punishment for an alleged crime; however, they are not a judicial body nor deputized by one. Lynchings in the United States rose in number after the

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Courthouse stormed (during trial), burned down with Hughes locked in vault, fire hoses cut. Body then dragged behind car and hanged, and fire lit under it. Followed by riot and destruction of black businesses. Two persons received two-year sentences for violence.

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On July 28, 1911, Leon Martinez was tried for the murder of a white woman. They used the forced confessions as evidence of him committing murder and he was sentenced to death but it was postponed due to the outrage. On May 11, 1914, Leon was executed by hanging.

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Jake Stafford was found dead two miles away from the road he was on; one of the main suspects of murdering Mr. Stafford was Mexican-American Salazar Santos. When the news spread across the city, a mob hanged Salazar due to the suspicion of him being the murderer

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other officers on duty. The mob placed a rope around Taylor's neck and dragged him down the steps and out of the jail into Cross Street. They hanged him from a tree just outside the city limits at a point between the Rockwell House and the old Armstrong Hotel.

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When Thomas Rivers was arrested, the community threatened to lynch him. He was being moved to the Benton jail when a mob overpowered the officers and took Rivers. His body was found hanging near the Shreveport-Bossier highway about 12 miles (19 km) from

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Moore was accused of having other "nepharious designs" not carried out after he was frightened away by the screams of the woman from whom he allegedly took money. Moore was before a magistrate when a crowd took him away and hanged him naked from a tree.

24543:"Judge Lynch Presided. Would-Be Murderer Strung Up at Franklin. His Most Atrocious Assault on an Officer Avenged. The Body Dangling by the Roadside on the Outskirts. He Also Shot a Circus Man, Who Was Brought to Nashville for Treatment—A Deserved Fate" 11045:

Taken to the scene of the crime, his body riddled with bullets and burned at the stake. Several thousand persons witnessed the scene. Controversial as the local Black communisty "thanked" the mob for just killing Cox and not attacking their community.

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Fires had been appearing around Oakdale and McCutchen had allegedly been caught in the act of setting fire to a barn. McCutchen was arrested and while being transferred to Modesto jail, a mob overpowered the constable and hanged McCutchen from a tree.

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Johnson was held in protective custody at jail so he could testify against a prisoner in jail named Beavers. Sheriff John H. Wisner killed by mob who then killed prisoner It is believed Johnson was killed so that he could not testify against Beavers.

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Antonio Rodriguez was a 20 year old migrant worker from Mexico. On November 2, Antonio was accused of murdering a White Texan, which led to him getting arrested and jailed. On November 3, 1910, a mob took him from his jail cell and burned him alive.

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Shot and killed by a mob led by the victim's husband who identified Green as the murderer. Samuel Spicer Jr. would later be convicted of the murder of his wife, Nobie, and sentenced to life in prison. He was paroled in December 1929, but then fled.

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After being released from jail, he was given a worthless horse and saddle, while on his way to the reservation he grew up in, he spotted a young horse that he wanted. A group of men took over Yellow Wolf and hanged him from a tree near White River.

30082: 31548: 4924:"Horrible fury of the mob...500 horsemen." Hanged from bridge until dead, taken down and hanged a second time from a telegraph pole at the fairground, "at the request of the murdered woman's husband, John William Cain". Body and cabin burned. 24201: 31106: 24956:"Finally Successful. An Attempt to Lynch Negroes At Nashville, Tenn., Successfully Resisted. The Government Takes Charge of the Jail Forces—One of the Lynchers Killed. Another Attempt Proves Successful, and the Negro Is Hanged. Crimes" 7042: 24377: 14832:

alive. The mob shouted to lynch him again. Afterward, Marshall's body was put on display in the funeral parlor and photos of the lynching were sold door-to-door for 25 cents. In 1998, the community provided a headstone for him.

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Escaped convict Wright was taken from sheriff by a large mob, tortured into confession, and burned at the stake. Two other suspects were shot and hanged. Several African American community buildings and homes were burned in the

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Sheriff Jesse Gilbert of Winnsboro arrested eight people for involvement in the murder: P. M. Usery Sr., Albert Farrington, P. M. Usery Jr., J. C. Farrington, Charley Parson, George Wactor, Charlie Calendor and Eugene Bradshaw.

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After assaulting one of the farmers' wives, Munoz ran off where officers captured him and tried protecting him, but were overpowered by the mob of 40+ people who dragged him to into the woods, where they shot and hanged Munoz.

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for shooting two Black women. A white mob surrounded the jail, overpowered Deputy Sheriff J.A. Wilson, and took Pemberton. His body was later found hanging from a tree in Black Bayou swamp, 2 miles (3.2 km) from Benton.

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On February 4, 1891, three white men took Jesus Salceda and hanged him from an oak tree for supposedly seducing one of the white men's daughters. They later found out that they had mistaken Jesus Salceda for another Mexican.

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Captured by local citizens and identified by the woman, he was shot by a mob of about 150. The governor had been notified of the potential lynching and ordered out the National Guard, which arrived twenty minutes too late.

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Scraggs, Thompson and Despano die, a fourth man after "a good deal of reluctance" avoided lynching by implicating five others, including Simpson's own son-in-law, though the son-in-law was "generally considered innocent."

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called the killing a lynching. Dinkins said: "I think that the death of Yankel Rosenbaum was a lynching, as was Yusuf Hawkins. No question. Whatever term one gives to these kinds of vicious murders, that's what it is."

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Police Chief Frank Daw was shot and killed on July 29, 1935, when he confronted an armed robbery suspect. Johnson, the alleged perpetrator, was removed from the Siskiyou County Jail and was hung from a tree near Yreka.

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Sands was released. The mob later seized Henry Simmons from a boarding house in West Palm Beach. His body was found the morning of June 7, 1923, at a location on Barton Road on Palm Beach Island, a short distance from

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The wife of a popular farmer, Mrs Dewey, was attacked. She was able to yell for help and the attacker fled. Bloodhounds found a man, Jerry Ingram, 8 miles (13 km) from the scene of the attack and he was lynched.

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Locked up in Leon County Jail after confessing to breaking and entering; four masked men kidnapped the two from the jail, shot them dozens of times, and put warnings to other African-Americans where the bodies laid.

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White started screaming. A mob then hunted him down and, even though he had a gun, were able to capture him. John Steelman was tied to a stake wood piled around him and then the pyre was ignited by Mrs. Bruce White.

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Etherington had been sworn in as a law officer by the Granville town mayor to enforce "prohibition" of alcohol in a "wet town"; shot and killed a man who assaulted him; officer taken from jail and lynched by mob in

14158:, and so Deputy Sheriff Davis and Nixon were driving Johnson to Wrightsville when a posse of 50 men overpowered the deputies and seized Johnson. Hanged on the Cedar Creek bridge, his body was riddled with bullets. 25245: 7072:

Fred Coker, Horace B. Duncan, and William (Bill) Allen were lynched by large mob of white citizens, though they were innocent. All three suspects were hanged from the Gottfried Tower, which held a replica of the

974:, was bludgeoned to death by an unknown number of assailants. His throat was deeply slit and body dumped with a note pinned to his chest stating "Notice to all niggers! Take warning!! Leave white women alone!!!" 31275: 507:

Band of Mexican horse thieves and murderers, who "tormented the central coast", frequently boasted of killing and robbing Americans. They were taken by vigilantes out of jail and hanged from a makeshift gallows

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Beaten to death by a mob in a Jewish neighborhood. The girls, when questioned by police, admitted they were unsure if Bell was in fact the same man who had accosted them. The only lynching in Chicago history.

25966: 23460: 4205:. A week after their arrest, a mob surrounded the jail, overpowered the guards, and dragged the three suspects out of their cells. Using chains and padlocks, the three victims were hanged from a single tree. 32561: 22079: 10387:

Dentist had affairs with both sisters, who were pregnant, likely with his child; the brothers had romantic interest in the girls. After the lynching the babies were seen squirming in their mothers bellies.

140:, most lynching victims were accused of murder or attempted murder. Rape or attempted rape was the second most common accusation; such accusations were often pretexts for lynching black people who violated 23763: 26731:

The corpse of Bunk Richardson, propped up for photographer on plank walk of bridge spanning the Coosa River, severely beaten, stripped to long johns. Onlookers hold handkerchiefs to cover nose and mouths.

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Simms was shackled and in jail when a mob searched the jailor for his keys and took Simms away, irons and all, and hanged him from a tree. “Many of the lynchers were painted black and some were masked.”.

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Stripped African American male stretched on a tripod rack, raised with pulley, upper body bandaged, lower body wrapped with a blanket tied with rope, fingers curled involuntarily. Circa 1900, St. Louis,

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Turks and two other black subway employees were attacked by 15 to 20 assailants who shouted racial epithets. Gino Bova, 18 at the time, was sentenced to 5 to 15 years in prison for manslaughter. Justice

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The two Mexicans natives were accused of shooting and killing a patrolman Jeff Evans, which they were arrested and charged for. A mob broke into the jail captured and hung from the girders of a Bridge.

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J.P. McDougall was whipping Allen Turner's son. Allen was defending his son. Taken from deputy sheriff and shot to death. It is said that Allen's body was then dragged through the roads of Spearsville.

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concluded that McKinley "Snap" Curry conspired with Claude and Audey Prowell to kill and murder Eula Ausley and that Mose Jones and Johnny Cornish were innocent. Tom Cornish was killed on May 8, 1922.

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Taken from jail by mob, given mock trials, beaten and hanged from light-post. Three members of the mob received prison terms of up to 5 years for rioting, albeit none of them were convicted of murder.

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After being hit on the head with a pistol by Thomas Barksdell, Johnson retaliated by threatening several people with a shotgun and allegedly preventing a doctor from reaching a woman who was in labor.

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robbed a stage on the San Benito Road, a group of vigilantes seized José Castro, a local saloon owner, and hanged him from a tree based on the flimsy suspicion that he was associated with the bandit.

29408: 24178: 32203: 23975:"At least 44 men in Maryland and thousands nationwide lost their lives to lynchings. Now activists are shining a light on the gruesome practice, hoping to start an honest and healing conversation" 31096: 26525: 18757:"To Prevent and Punish the Crime of Lynching: Hearings Before the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on S. 121, Sixty-Ninth Congress, First Session, on Feb. 16, 1926" 16178:

Lynchers said he "didn't deserve a trial". Castrated, forced to consume his genitals, stabbed, burned with hot irons, toes and fingers removed, hanged, body tied behind automobile. Followed by

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Accused of detaining and beating the daughter of a professor at the University of Columbia, where Scott worked as a janitor. Lynched by a mob of over 100 men. Memorial plaque erected in 2016.

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Sheriff and two others sentenced to three months in jail, three others to two months, for abetting the lynching. Only criminal case ever with direct involvement of the U.S. Supreme Court; see

24416: 17471: 14973:. The following morning, the jail door was found torn open and the cell was empty. Later, a body identified as Nelson was found on a canal bank four miles west, with multiple gunshot wounds. 2778:

After police severely kicked and beat him they handed him over to a White mob of up to 2,000 people who hung Harvey in front of the city jail then dragged his body down the main city street.

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a young white woman was knocked down, her clothing torn and she was almost criminally assaulted by an unnamed negro; the Sheriff coming to the scene found two negroes shot (one killed) see

27098: 2711:. He was arrested for stabbing another man to death following a card game at the Los Gatos Saloon. A mob broke into the jail, seized García and hanged him from the Los Gatos Creek bridge. 30240: 25711: 23982: 14761: 13741:

Reedy Creek Baptist Church. The Colquit county grand Jury was called into special session to investigate the people behind the lynching but was quickly adjourned due to lack of evidence.

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The corpses of Ernest Harrison, Sam Reed, and Frank Howard hanging from a rafter in a sawmill, jagged circular blade in lower right hand corner. September 11, 1911, Wickliffe, Kentucky.

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African American male standing on buggy, facing camera, stripped, deep lacerations and wounds, his handcuffed hands placed to cover his genitals. lynch mob. Circa 1900, location unknown.

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A federal jury in 1967 convicted the sheriff and six others of conspiracy to violate civil rights; they received minor punishment. A state jury in 2005 found the Ku Klux Klan organizer,

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Hanged by white mob. After the event, the Miller County Liberal wrote that "hundreds of the citizens throughout the county regret this lynching. Many have said was guiltier than Jake."

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Hills Lane. There a noose was placed around his neck and he was hanged 15 feet in the air from a cherry tree. His body remained dangling from the tree and was observed the next morning.

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named in different reports as 'Divel Rucker', 'Dizell Rucker' and 'Dibrell Tucker; was lynched and burned at the stake on the assumption that he, not Williams, was the actual murderer

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When mob burned the man's house down, Constable W. J. Monneyhan placed man under arrest in his own home to protect him. Officer was killed by mob, who then shot and killed prisoner.

32907: 5961: 32961: 24123: 109:, but women were also lynched. More than 73 percent of lynchings in the post–Civil War period occurred in the Southern states. White lynchings of black people also occurred in the 32838: 26010: 14730: 32868: 11725:, carried headlines announcing the exact time and place of the coming orgy. Ten thousand people answered the paper's invitation and they were addressed by the District Attorney, 22415: 21275: 26857:

Unidentified corpse of badly beaten white male in shredded clothes hanging from rope stretched over unpaved street, onlookers in background. Circa 1900, Virginia City, Montana.

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Mob of 60 stopped car of sheriff who was driving him for protection to nearest large city, Macon. Driven to a bridge in Jasper County and shot to death. Governor was "livid".

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A mob broke into his jail cell with sledge hammers, dragged him from the jail with a noose around his neck, beat and shot him to death, then hanged his corpse from a bridge.

2642:

Mr. Agirer had filed a complaint after one of the Anglo men had shot at his dog. In retaliation, the Anglos tracked Mr. Agirer down and fatally shot him in front of his wife

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Two white police officers interrogated the brothers and accused them of being outlaws. They hung the brothers from a tree and left their bodies to rot in the desert gulch.

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Two white men (cousins John Arnold and John Plath) were convicted of Gardner's murder. Arnold and Plath were sentenced to death and executed via lethal injection in 1998.

15160:

Arrested along with brother Mark in connection with a suspected murder of a white man, he was taken by a white mob, tied to a telephone pole with barbed wire, and burned.

10440: 31203:"Mob Lynches Negro Boy Who Shot Grocer. Body of Masked Men Take Him From Hospital. Samuel Smith, 15, Left hanging near home of Ike Eastwood, Whom he wounded Friday night" 23908: 21272:"Statement to the media by the United Nations' Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent, on the conclusion of its official visit to USA, January 19–29, 2016" 15194:

Arrested along with brother Jim in connection with a suspected murder of a white man, he was taken by a white mob, tied to a telephone pole with barbed wire, and burned.

3131:

Convicted of assault and rape after one minute deliberation, his attorneys intended to file an appeal; 75 masked men broke Cooper out of jail and hanged him from a tree.

25956: 12883:

Alfred Williams was lynched on March 12, 1922, in Harlem, Georgia for allegedly shooting and wounding L.O. Anderson, a white farmer. Anderson recovered from his wounds.

3697:

Lynched despite calls from his accuser that she could not confirm he was guilty. Sheriff eventually determined he had been innocent, and another man was later arrested.

31265: 25741: 25036: 31167: 26239: 23731: 22979: 15635:. The mob hung the first two up in a tree. Cameron was released by the mob but was convicted of accessory and served time, later becoming an activist and founding the 15582:. The mob hung the first two up in a tree. Cameron was released by the mob but was convicted of accessory and served time, later becoming an activist and founding the 29993: 28795: 15465:

After severely injuring the sheriff, the victim was taken from the county jail, tied to a tree outside the city, and shot multiple times by a crowd of about 100 men.

8425:

Crowd of around 75 men and boys gained access to Jones's cell and marched him to the outskirts of town, where he was forced to climb a telephone pole and was hanged.

3166:

Found hanged from a tree three days later. Public opinion divided on whether Lockwood committed suicide or was lynched. Coroner's jury returned a verdict of suicide.

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Florine Grayson could not positively identify George Gay when he was brought before her. The mob ignored this, chained him to a tree and shot him around 300 times.

10534:

Publicly opposed and threatened legal action against white people who had murdered her husband, unfairly accused (according to her) of killing an abusive landowner.

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Wright Smith was identified by Mary Morrison as the man who broke into her house and assaulted her. Mob broke Smith out of jail and riddled his body with bullets.

935:

Thompson was arrested by the county sheriff based on evidence collected by a local vigilance committee, then tried in an extrajudicial jury proceeding and hanged.

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Alleged stabbing of a white sailor (Freddie Leroy Johnson) who was part of a crowd already chasing him with weapons to the bow of the boat shouting racial slurs.

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The lynching of Augustus Goodman (?), his body hanging from oak tree that served as a community bulletin board, onlookers. November 4, 1905, Bainbridge, Georgia.

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Unidentified corpse of African American male. Gallows, courthouse-jail, and windmill in background. Nine onlookers, two young boys. 1900-1915. Location unknown.

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Accused of assaulting and raping Mrs. Moses Ables, Easley was taken by force from the jail and lynched during the day within the city limits of Jacksonville.

1044:

A masked mob broke into the jail cell with sledge hammers, dragged McLain and Gilbert Quinn from the jail and hanged both from a gum tree with the same rope.

681:

While a trial was in progress, preparations to lynch the victim were made outside. When constables walked out with Hamilton, the crowd seized and hanged him.

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While being transported by Sheriff Frank Carr, a group of seven to eight men held the Sheriff at gun point, taking Adolfo and later hanging him from a tree.

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The corpses of George and Ed Silsbee. January 20, 1900. Fort Scott, Kansas. A large group of spectators holding kerosene lamps, downed fence in foreground.

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Tied to a tree and tortured with blowtorches to extract a confession. McDaniels shot, Townes burned alive. Photos of the lynching made the national media.

15262:

which the nurse confirmed he wasn't. The three men later on snuck into the hospital, kidnapped Benavides and hung him from a tree near an abandoned ranch.

9640: 609:, who appealed the conviction. The Florida State Supreme Court declared a mistrial, following which a mob broke into the jail, seized Adam and hanged him. 32211: 32074: 31359: 30692: 26330: 25223: 22668: 22601: 14433:

jail, he was seized, hanged from a tree, and his body riddled with bullets. When the body was taken to the undertaker, the mob burst in to view the body.

1077:

A masked mob broke into the jail cell with sledge hammers, dragged Quinn and Tom McLain from the jail and hanged both from a gum tree with the same rope.

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After Shaw was identified by Davis, he was arrested and taken to the county jail. An angry white mob broke into the jail and took Shaw, lynching him in

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Jesse had a hole in his head, and his stomach was cut open. His throat was seizing up because of the hanging. As they put him into the buggy, he died.

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A mob of 7 people hung Higinio from a tree near his home to make it appear that he had committed suicide in order to collect insurance for his death.

8948:

New York Sun report, "The Rucker lynching was the most spectacular in the history of Mississippi and there was no attempt at concealment or evasion."

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The lynching of nineteen-year-old Elias Clayton, nineteen-year-old Elmer Jackson, and twenty-year-old Isaac McGhie. June 15, 1920, Duluth, Minnesota.

30105:"3,000 Will Burn Negro — John Hartfield Will Be Lynched by Ellisville Mob at 5 o'clock This Afternoon — Negro Jerky and Sullen as Burning Hour Nears" 25066: 24317: 20613: 16361: 5093: 4711:

Despite no evidence that he was the murderer, he was taken from jail and hanged and his dead body cremated. Investigated by journalist Ida B. Wells.

31989: 26093: 24412: 22946: 22845: 1736:. Members of the Sutton faction lynched the three men in revenge for murder of Sutton leader William E Sutton in Indianola, Texas on March 22, 1874 33017: 31129: 30112: 25639: 23491: 22923: 11346: 11308: 32714: 31883: 309:

Had moved to Alton to escape violence in St. Louis. Four successive printing presses destroyed. "Not guilty" verdict; jury foreman member of mob.

32653: 30516: 29446: 28900: 28097: 27090: 19449: 18752: 14240: 6397: 4894: 30230: 25701: 23974: 14243:, lists John Brown as being lynched on October 3, 1922, in Montgomery, but newspaper reports write that he was seized, questioned and released. 32930: 17706: 17306: 8500: 32012: 31752: 28848: 24306:

In 1888, Amos Miller, a black man accused of raping a white woman, was dragged from court in Franklin and hanged from the courthouse railings.

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Five policemen fined $ 100 each for "nonfeasance of office". Entire police force fired. Mayor voted out. Man charged with lynching acquitted.

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It is supposed was lynched for aiding in the escape of the Gingerly brothers, colored, who recently murdered two officers near Ripley, Tenn.

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Two brothers were accused of stoning a neighbor to death. Hanged by a mob of an estimated 400 persons and their bodies shot dozens of times.

4520:

Taken out of his prison cell and lynched on a bridge in downtown Nashville in front of 10,000 onlookers. Later taken back to Goodlettsville.

437:

She was found guilty of murdering a local miner, Frederick Cannon, a man who had attempted to assault her after he had broken into her home.

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The 2 Mexican men were accused of having killed A. L. Austin and his son in raids the fall of 1915, they were hanged in Cameron County Jail

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The corpses of five African American males, Nease Gillepsie, John Gillepsie, "Jack" Dillingham, Henry Lee, and George Irwin with onlookers.

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Randomly fired a revolver on a crowded street, wounding a bystander. Chased down by mob of 500 men and boys. Beaten and trampled to death.

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Grand jury did not indict. Since it was a Federal crime (attack on a postmaster), there were 13 Federal indictments; no one was convicted.

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tree. A note pinned to one of the men read, "Let this be a warning to you niggers to let white people alone or you will go the same way."

3925:

A repeat, violent, intoxicated offender was arrested for shooting the town's night watchman. Prior to due process, a vigilante crew freed

2037: 33092: 32692: 29054: 24519: 24119: 20855: 18790: 17701: 12357: 12320: 2279:

Local petty thieves accused without evidence of stealing a saddle and harness. Kidnapped from jail and hanged by 30 members of the local

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Fred Sullivan and his wife May confessed after nooses were placed around their necks. The couple were hanged by a mob of more than 100.

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White men lynched Jeff Brown in 1916 in Cedarbluff, Mississippi, for accidentally bumping into a white girl as he ran to catch a train.

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After the second day of a retrial, they were taken from the jail to the outskirts of Aiken and shot, with a large crowd in attendance.

9353:

After a train wrecking that killed 3 people, the Americans began to hang or shoot Mexicans who they thought were involved in the wreck

2911:“sked the magistrate with an oath what right he had to commit him to jail?” angering the crowd. Hung by “a large party” of masked men. 31305: 28476: 24056: 22407: 22231: 3233:

Taken from the county jail, stripped naked, hanged in the courthouse yard and her body riddled with bullets and left exposed to view.

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reported that West was probably shot and killed "after he flourished a pistol and threatened the men who intended only to whip him."

13697:

According to contemporary sources, Mack was reported to be lynched. However, he was able to escape and died at 67-years-old in Ohio.

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Mexican Emigration to the United States, 1897–1931 – Chapter (pp. 96–118) 6 Mexican Policies and Attitudes in the 1920s: New Urgency

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Jailors abandoned the jail allowing a mob to take Caesar Sheffield to a field where they shot him multiple times and left his body.

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Sixty-three indictments, but the North Carolina Legislature, to end their cases, repealed the law they were charged with violating.

152:

investigated one hundred lynchings during the 1930s and estimated that approximately one-third of the victims were falsely accused.

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Tankard was shot to death after riots following a July 4 celebration by J.F. Burrows who was deputized to help put down the riots.

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Three had been acquitted; three had a mistrial; five were never tried. Lynching organized by local leaders, including future mayor

2040:. While awaiting trial for robbery and murder in Texas, they were shot to death by a mob of armed vigilantes who stormed the jail. 602:

In response to the murder of a white man, and "in keeping with local custom, a slave man was selected to be killed in retribution".

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Survived. As of 2019, Rembert is a successful leatherwork artist. He has had at least two documentary films made about his story.

1697:, the local coroner (also allegedly part of the mob) rendered a verdict that Eli had died after setting fire to the jail himself, 33055: 32411: 32242: 29374: 27398: 23641:"Upcoming Auctions | Cowan's Auction House: The Midwest's Most Trusted Auction House / Antiques / Fine Art / Art Appraisals" 23550: 23486: 20976: 19697: 14019:

Ku-Klux Klan kidnapped the men on August 24, 1922, and the bodies were discovered in nearby Lake Lafourche on December 24, 1922.

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Isidro was accused to have choke Harry Hinton to death and escaped from jail. He was found riddle with bullets after his escape.

260:

Arrested on charge of disturbing the peace, McIntosh stabbed the deputies who told him he would serve five years for the offense.

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Accused admitted guilt in trial; taken from sheriff en route to jail and hanged from a telephone pole; last lynching in Arizona

1011:

Angry about Pippin's acquittal, a mob of 20 people dragged him from under the floorboards of his father's house and hanged him.

641:

Allegedly exchanged insults and blows with two Irishmen who accused him and a friend of bothering two white women on the street.

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and his stepson Michael Nitz assaulted Chin outside of a McDonald's with a baseball bat following a brawl that took place at a

2743:

Accused of the robbery and murder of Cassius Millet, a mob forcibly took the pair from the jail and hanged them from a bridge.

31239:"The Fiction of Atticus Finch Meets the Reality of James PrinceThe Fiction of Atticus Finch Meets the Reality of James Prince" 28400: 26465: 25032: 18756: 17159:

Killed by a group of black youths with concrete block during riot. Four of his killers were charged with first-degree murder.

14935:

Taken from law officers and lynched. No attempt to verify crime nor identify murderers: last known lynching in Brevard County

9875:

James Dennis was shot. The others were hanged. Mary Dennis had two children and was pregnant. Stella Young had four children.

9702:

Lynched and Burned. Stanley Claimed to have been accessory to murders and claimed leader of mob had hired him and other 2 men

3299:

A mob of 35–40 heavily armed men broke into the jail, seized Whitley and hanged him from a tree about a mile and a half away.

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Dragged to death behind a car, until his head hit a culvert. Perpetrators convicted; two executed, one to life imprisonment.

16967:. Perpetrators acquitted by all-white jury, then openly admitted they did it. Historical markers shot and defaced 2006–2018. 16245:

Killed in self-defense a white man that attacked him after he complained about the white man's cattle running over his field.

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Mob of 400 found him, refused to turn him over to sheriff's deputies. Soaked in gasoline, set on fire; shot while he burned.

5956:

Mr. Estes was taken from his jail cell at 2:00 a.m. by a mob of 50 or 75 persons and hanged in front of the courthouse.

1180:

Sharecropper and father of six, Juricks was "hung from an oak tree before the mob fired a volley of gunshots into his body".

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Bryan, Susannah (February 9, 2022). "Cheers and tears. A lynch mob killed Reuben Stacy. Now, a street sign bears his name".

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John Richards hanging on a tree, jubilant lynchers, a freshly hewn pine coffin. January 12, 1916, Goldsboro, North Carolina.

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Robt. S. Maynard, from Illinois, shot a man by the name of J. C. Platt, at Jacksonville, because he had been insulted by him

13733:

Three men had seized William Anderson and chained him inside a car. While waiting to drop him off to the police outside the

7313:

Murdered couple killed May 12, 1907; suspect was taken from law officers and lynched from a bridge over creek and then shot

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He survived. Newspapers treat it as a lynching. Council has received apologies from the law enforcement agencies involved.

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A group of men thought another man might be inside Ashley's house, so they shot into the house, mortally wounding Ashley.

8848:

Demecio killed Mrs. Soledad Zarrazino De Pino in a fit of jealous which led to him being hanged in Bernalillo County Jail

8620:

Picture of victims appeared in Crisis Magazine twice; first, a cropped picture of one victim in December 1911 in article "

7583:

After victim identified suspect as the person who assaulted her, Smith was taken by mob from Sheriff and lynched (burned)

3702:

Johnson,Ripley; Mitchell Adams; Jones, Judge; Phoenix, Robert.; Furz, Hugh;Johnson, Bell, Peter; Harrison; Morral, Ralph.

31621: 30412: 28502: 27513:""An Outrageous Proceeding": A Northern Lynching and the Enforcement of Anti-Lynching Legislation in Illinois, 1905–1910" 27454: 26173: 20961: 20849: 20449: 19297: 19257: 15636: 15583: 9049: 8530:

Taken from hospital room and burned alive. Fifteen men and teenage boys were indicted, but all were acquitted at trials.

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Giovanni Chiesa, the first Italian immigrant lynched in the United States, was clubbed to death by a mob of coal miners.

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Hui, T. Keung (October 29, 2018). "A black man was lynched near Rolesville in 1918. Now Wake students are honoring him".

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Taken from sheriff by 100 men and lynched from bridge over Beaver Creek; body recovered from river by Sheriff Deputies.

13737:

jail, an unknown man jumped in and sped off. Andersen's bullet-ridden body was later found a few miles away next to the

35: 31905: 26645: 25600: 25564: 21737: 21318: 20495: 19417: 9796:

Greonimo was suspected to have assaulted one of the white woman in the town which led to him being shot and left dead.

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Lynching of an unidentified African American male. Date and location unknown. Tinted lithographed postcard. 5H x 3H".

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Delucia, Christine (2003). "Getting the Story Straight: Press Coverage of Italian-American Lynchings from 1856–1910".

17343:

said at the sentencing: "There was a lynch mob on Avenue X that night. The only thing missing was a rope and a tree."

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Killed when jury did not bring back guilty verdict promptly. Widow and extended family immediately left Mississippi.

14250: 13987: 9903:"Vanished"; believed to have been killed because a white man coveted his successful saloon business. Uncle of author 8326: 8321:

Gang-raped and lynched together with her son, 14, after trying to protect him during a meat-pilfering investigation.

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Deputy Sheriff William A Bergin was either mortally wounded by suspect or was killed by mob who then killed prisoner

2080: 1127: 303: 264: 32962:"This Week in Brooklyn History: Yusef Hawkins, African-American 16-Year-Old, Murdered by Mob of White Teens in 1989" 32616: 29917: 28567: 19553: 19481: 19473: 19465: 19457: 19441: 19409: 19377: 19369: 19361: 19353: 13861:

Beaten, tied to a tree, riddled with bullets and lit on fire. Corpse was displayed in the Black community of Macon.

5391:

O'Brien was the daughter of a miner. About 100 miners broke into the county jail, abducted Stewart, and hanged him.

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visiting. They called for him to come out but when he didn't, they stormed into the house and shot Culpepper dead.

11692: 9966: 8051: 5716: 5652: 5407: 3985: 997: 249: 27860: 24329: 32562:"His San Diego death certificate says 'suicide.' Now he's being recognized as California's third lynching victim" 30285: 27767: 26955: 26687: 21147: 20801: 20443: 20060: 19988: 17218: 16986: 16972: 14164: 14062: 13563: 13476: 13323: 13284: 12698: 12371: 12334: 10811: 5304: 4737: 3715: 1364: 1265: 32986: 31343: 28306: 25316: 21932: 21569: 19665: 19150: 17382:. A witness described them using anti-Asian racial slurs as they attacked him, ultimately beating him to death. 15091:

Arrested in connection with a suspected assault and murder, he was taken by a white mob and hanged from a tree.

3266:

Hanged by a mob. Newspaper accounts describe Johnson as troubled with “religious mania” and regarded as insane.

27592: 27480:"Four Men Pay Price of Bobbitt's Death/ Miller, Allen, West and Burrell are Lynched by Mob at Ada this Morning" 26316: 25219: 23214: 22659: 20472: 20283: 20180: 19385: 19305: 19241: 19086: 17581: 16378: 16083: 15982: 12393: 9601: 7915: 7747: 4733: 4277: 3348: 3152: 2833: 2693: 1401: 1300: 28886: 27211: 25194: 23461:"Support Truth and Reconciliation: Marker Dedication Ceremony for Kansas City Lynching Victim Levi Harrington" 23433: 23338: 19425: 18390: 18130: 15058:

Murdered in part because of a fencing dispute, but also to steal money thought to be stashed on his property.

6023:

Struck in head with sledgehammer. Hanged from bridge, burned; toes and hobnails from boots kept as souvenirs.

2176:

Shot. Gilmer was accused of shooting Wood, who had whipped Gilmer for using offensive language near his wife.

1244:

A group of masked men had taken the two Mexicans during the night, hanging them from a beam in the jail yard.

32407: 32382: 31876:"Lynching Black Man, Now 78, Relates Narrow Escape, Tells How Two Companions Were Lynched In Indiana In 1930" 30025: 28405: 28224: 27189: 25875: 24955: 22760: 21378: 21222: 20484: 20478: 20425: 19785: 19737: 19126: 19030: 18934: 18806: 18715: 18678: 18641: 18606: 18571: 18534: 18499: 18458: 18417: 18363: 18336: 18237: 18200: 18165: 18103: 18066: 18031: 17996: 17961: 17895: 17860: 17823: 17794: 17765: 16234: 15932: 15449: 14906: 13883: 11409:

1000 men broke through three steel doors to abduct Clay from jail before hanging, shooting, and burning him.

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October 12, 1895, 10 masked man went into the jail where Suiato was being held, took him to the banks of the

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The culpability of the accused suspect for the crime in Miami, 55 miles away, was called into question as a

10252:

enter Porvenir and took 15 Mexican American boys and men away from the town and executed all 15 by gun shot

32119: 31780:"The daily worker. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1924–1958, April 18, 1930, Final City Edition, Image 1" 30956: 29733: 27692: 25862:

Four photographs of the lynching of an unidentified African American male in a coastal Georgia swamp. 1902.

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Lynching of two unidentified African American males, white man squatting, hides face as he stills corpses.

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The lynching of Virgil Jones, Robert Jones, Thomas Jones, and Joseph Riley, warning note. Black onlookers.

22408:"A push for remembrance of lynching victims, and reconciliation during event at Harford Community College" 21763: 20647: 14691:

Taken out of his hospital room in Nashville and lynched by a mob of masked men where he was first caught.

10921:

A white officer refused to arrest the murderer, and instead arrested a black man who complained about it.

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Lovett, Christopher C. (Summer 2010). "A Public Burning: Race, Sex, and the Lynching of Fred Alexander".

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Abducted from jail by a mob. Micou's injuries suggested he was whipped before being shot multiple times.

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Grand jury declined to indict any of the lynchers identified by State Police. Last lynching in Maryland.

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Many lynched before trial was concluded. Prosecution of perpetrators "half-hearted"; only one convicted.

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Convicted by all-white jury of attempting to shoot a white farmer; case before Georgia Court of Appeals.

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of black people out of the Southern United States. The purpose for many of the lynchings was to enforce

32782: 28363:

Bennie Simmons, alive, soaked in coal oil before being set on fire. June 13, 1913. Anadarko, Oklahoma.

27833: 26682: 26462:"Jan. 13, 1904 | Black Man Lynched in South Carolina for Allegedly Knocking on White Woman's Door" 25840:"The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869–1924, April 16, 1902, Image 2" 24378:"From the archives: State Lives With a Legacy of Terror as Nation Pays Tribute to Victims' Descendants" 23011: 20721: 20619: 20501: 20467: 20341: 20236: 20156: 20132: 20108: 19913: 19905: 19897: 19833: 19609: 19289: 19102: 19038: 17270: 17252: 17129: 16766: 16547: 16496: 16030: 15866: 14953: 14677: 14599: 14221: 14129: 13764: 13438: 13185: 13168: 12903: 12829: 12637: 12469: 12314:

Shot a man who tarred and feathered him (because of his common law marriage); lynched by Ku Klux Klan.

12277:

While hired as a strikebreaker for a whites-only union, he was attacked and shot two union protesters.

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Garcia go. The Rangers were arrested for murder, freed on bail, and acquitted due to lack of evidence.

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Victim was a law officer who was shot and lynched by friends of a man who had been arrested for murder

4502: 4201:

Due to threats against the suspects, they were transferred to a jail in Clarkesville, 15 miles east of

3670: 3651: 3570: 3517: 3317: 3280: 3117: 2748: 2536: 2407: 1787: 1480: 1332: 940: 852: 848: 805: 32643: 30639: 30512: 29787: 29442: 29215: 28093: 27886: 27348:"Photographic postcard of four African-American men hanging from their necks by ropes in a cedar tree" 26294: 21699:

May 29 This may be called "mob law," A white man was hung, for the diabolical murder of a white man

19745: 12615:

missing Christmas 1921 but the only clues to the identity were some overall buttons found in the ash.

9629:

Her son was accused of burning a white man's barn, he was unavailable, so they raped and murdered her

33117: 30910: 30908: 30654: 29721: 29084: 28384:

The lynching of Joseph Richardson, damaged shoeshine stand. September 26, 1913, Leitchfield Kentucky.

26572: 23579: 22732: 21637: 20726: 20661: 20631: 20413: 20401: 20248: 19857: 19793: 19593: 19329: 19198: 19118: 19070: 18966: 18870: 18370:. Martinsburg, Berkeley, West Virginia: Evening Journal Publ. Co. September 29, 1922. pp. 1–10. 17742:, and was hanged beside the road. The place was said to be "very lonely and far from any habitation." 17597: 17024: 17009: 16899: 16676: 16473: 16046: 16012: 15948: 15882: 15722: 15674: 14711: 13960: 13878: 13616: 13599: 13077: 12813: 12659: 12621: 12485: 12447: 12282: 12230: 11707: 11133: 11064: 10819: 10556: 10393: 10332: 9961: 9748: 9321:

not Bandits and were peaceful Mexicans who were killed due to race hatred after the Progreso battle.

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occurred; they were rounded up and lynched alongside the DiFatta brothers because they were Italian.

5508: 5377: 5361: 5299: 5263: 4910: 4802: 4596: 4564: 4535: 4514: 4185: 3980: 3969: 3835: 3683: 3552: 3336: 3252: 3219: 2657: 2567: 2114: 1966: 1549: 765: 737: 527: 423: 86: 18: 30941: 24740: 23329:"Lynch Mobs Killed Latinos Across the West. The Fight to Remember These Atrocities is Just Starting" 23103:

Stereograph of the burnt and partially skinned corpses of Ami "Whit" Ketchum and Luther H. Mitchell.

22197: 19873: 15996:

Broken out of jail by a group of men; five white men named in an indictment but none were convicted

14969:

Nelson was arrested on September 26, 1926 in Delray Beach on charges of assaulting a white woman in

12463:

Hanged. Five men later pleaded guilty to Brooks's murder and were each sentenced to life in prison.

6622:

Being a Jewish-American peddler who was helping the murderer's wife carry some things to her house.

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Investigators determined charges against Johnson were meritless, then released him to a lynch mob.

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Scott was tortured for 3.5 hours and then burned alive by an angry mob on Sunday December 2, 1917.

10164: 10030: 8998: 8730: 8552: 8464: 8020: 7603: 7588: 7397: 6643: 6575: 6528: 6284: 6253: 5976: 5844: 5143: 4464: 4427: 4390: 3949: 3710: 3586: 3481: 3285: 3054: 2506: 2458: 2162: 1976: 1619: 1584: 1420: 1199: 1132: 1058: 1025: 340: 292: 110: 42: 31547:. Vol. 42, no. 5. Steamboat Springs, CO: Chas. A. Leckenby. August 18, 1926. p. 1. 31001: 30905: 30875: 30785: 30584: 30582: 30580: 30578: 30576: 30574: 30572: 30570: 30568: 30566: 28887:"English: The charred body of Will Stanley, lynched by burning in Temple, Texas, July 29–30, 1915" 27656: 25680: 25565:"Murder and Mob. Girl at Gilman Died From a Criminal Operation—Two Killed and Two Fatally Wounded" 22169: 4681:

Tortured, burned with hot irons, doused in oil and set afire; his remains were sold as souvenirs.

1417:

Group of Chinese immigrants killed in retaliation for the accidental homicide of a white rancher.

32594: 32438: 32124: 31570: 31270: 30770: 30564: 30562: 30560: 30558: 30556: 30554: 30552: 30550: 30548: 30546: 30486: 30235: 30021: 29192: 29146: 28672: 27722:

A lynch mob and the smoldering remains of an African American. 1910, Texas. Gelatin silver print.

26718:

The lynching of Bunk Richardson, his body suspended over the Coosa River, stripped to long johns.

25525: 24908: 24485: 23858:"A Jew Hanged in Pennsylvania, Believed to Be the Second Israelite Executed in the United States" 23116: 22161: 21019: 21014: 21002: 20835: 20543: 20188: 20164: 20140: 20116: 19980: 19929: 19777: 19761: 19689: 19625: 19561: 19545: 19281: 19249: 19022: 19006: 18942: 18720: 17624: 17458: 17437: 17401: 17387: 17348: 17202: 16875: 16616: 16303: 16164: 16118: 16041: 15977: 15925:"Demanded an accounting from his landlord. Charged with 'entering the bedroom of a white woman'". 15307: 15275: 15175: 15141: 15096: 14921: 14851: 14746: 14528: 14456: 14416: 14340: 14136: 13828: 13527: 13245: 13106: 12752: 12598: 12431: 12409: 11702: 11531: 11457: 11427: 11290: 11260: 11230: 10973: 10885: 10854: 10759: 10690: 10523: 10303: 9904: 9861: 9721: 9374: 9269: 9160: 8866: 8829: 8566:

The three men were accused of the robbery and murder of Washington Thomas, an elderly black man.

7504: 7360: 7331: 7058: 6984: 6917: 6881: 6840: 6742: 6478: 6377: 6154: 6120: 5994: 5128: 5074: 4875: 4769: 4728: 4357: 4325: 4293: 4060: 4026: 3815: 3749: 3501: 3433: 2799: 2473: 2224: 2191: 2130: 2061: 1851: 1679: 1465: 1194: 885: 770: 418: 371: 32307: 31381: 30986: 30710: 30669: 28872:"The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893–current, August 01, 1915, Image 1" 27993: 27754:"Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868–1915, August 03, 1910, Image 6" 25797: 24260:"Jake Stafford Killed on His Way Home and Robbed – A Suspected Mexican said to Have Been Mobbed" 23566:"The Cheyenne daily leader. [volume] (Cheyenne, Wyo.) 1870–1884, June 27, 1882, Image 1" 23246: 21985: 21603: 19617: 19054: 12387:

Lincoln Hickson was reportedly killed by gunfire but other sources say he survived the lynching

7214:

Dragged from his jail cell and shot over 100 times. Last known lynching in Anne Arundel County.

32172: 31511: 30928: 30926: 29697: 28715: 27734: 26388: 26261: 24890: 24799: 24489: 22559:"New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867–1878, April 15, 1870, Image 4" 21840: 21542: 21153: 20905: 20736: 20548: 20519: 20507: 20084: 20020: 19489: 19313: 19182: 19062: 18275: 18172:. Washington, District of Columbia: W.D. Wallach & Hope. September 3, 1922. pp. 1–62. 17828: 17297:

None (Klan looked to kill a black man because accused killer of white policeman got mistrial).

17286: 17145: 16806: 16693: 16581: 16468: 16373: 15242: 15214: 15042: 14795:

Murdered by a local policeman, Washington's body was later displayed in the county courthouse.

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Taken by a mob and hanged from a tree before he could be transported to Rockville for a trial.

1878: 1260: 614: 558: 488: 387: 106: 23: 32676: 32471: 31059: 30971: 30830: 30755: 30543: 30531: 30262:"Woman's Impatience Revealed as Cause of Porter's Death". New York Negro World. May 29, 1920. 29044: 29027: 25764: 24760:"The Sedalia weekly bazoo. [volume] (Sedalia, Mo.) 187?–1904, March 22, 1892, Image 2" 24715: 24512:"The Galveston Daily News. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 48, No. 343, Ed. 1 Saturday, April 5, 1890" 24511: 21651:

killed John D. Platt has been hung trial at the hands of a committee appointed by the miners

17121:

Fighting with deputy while in jail for stealing car to get away from two men shooting at him.

11152: 30860: 30815: 30349: 30316:

The lynching of Lige Daniels. Onlookers, including young boys. August 3, 1920, Center, Texas.

30077: 29303: 28600: 26115: 24614:"Reproduction of a photograph of a lynching – Cornell University Library Digital Collections" 22770: 22588:

The lynching of J. L. Compton and Joseph Wilson, vigilantes. April 30, 1870. Helena, Montana.

22084: 22048: 21519: 21124: 21071: 21025: 20966: 20895: 20671: 20461: 20437: 20407: 20353: 20277: 20265: 20222: 20076: 19809: 19753: 19721: 19649: 18846: 18397:. Hartford County, New Britain, Connecticut: Herald Pub. Co. October 3, 1922. pp. 1–18. 17735: 17638: 16262: 15914: 15755: 15689: 15613: 15560: 15479: 15413: 15394: 15107: 15063: 15000: 14948: 14887: 14782: 14696: 14641: 14618:. The body was shot multiple times and hung from a tree close to where the officer was shot. 14460: 14304: 14155: 14119: 14112: 13978: 13800: 13747: 13414: 13129: 13051: 13002:. He was wearing clothes of "an excellent grade" and had a handkerchief with the initial "B" 12939: 12824: 12736: 12714: 12709: 12507: 12263: 12145: 11928: 11527: 11422: 11059: 10941: 10907: 10834: 10789: 10743: 10270: 10249: 10121: 9925: 9814: 9611: 9581: 9576: 9547: 9515: 9443: 9410: 9339: 9306: 8993: 8801: 8076: 7350: 7053: 6737: 6606: 6409: 6081: 5937: 5910: 5774: 5711: 5420: 5138: 5007: 4870: 4288: 4224: 4180: 3512: 3247: 3182: 3049: 2688: 2501: 2434: 2350: 2328: 2296: 2125: 2095: 2090: 1446: 1225: 992: 988: 971: 663: 314: 30923: 30800: 30725: 29113: 28987:. Port Gibson, Mississippi: H.H. Crisler & H.H. Crisler Jr. May 25, 1916. pp. 1–8. 28556:

Lynching in America: Confronting the Legacy of Racial Terror: Second Edition: Report Summary

26930: 26150:"The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888–1919, May 07, 1903, Image 2" 26135:"The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888–1919, May 05, 1903, Image 1" 25298: 24542: 22623: 22153: 21895: 21468:"100 Years Ago this Week, During WW 1, a German-American Was Lynched – History News Network" 2880:

A mob of 10 to 15 men broke into the jail, seized Conorly and hanged him on the jail steps.

32861:"Willie Turks, a black MTA worker, was pulled from a car and killed by a white mob in 1982" 31920: 31297: 28468: 28046: 27912: 27484: 25345: 24048: 23726: 23395: 22539: 22223: 21159: 21141: 20779: 20513: 19206: 18316: 17592: 17524: 16721: 16541: 16436: 16406: 16352: 16078: 15037: 14980: 14672: 14621: 14615: 14563: 14180: 14143: 14078: 14044: 13998: 13919: 13850: 13845: 13722: 13649: 13532: 13419: 13339: 13190: 13146: 13141: 12872: 12796: 12058: 11909: 11876: 11572: 11099: 10839: 10655: 10367: 9586: 9483: 9234: 9188: 9065: 9025: 8928: 8894: 8637: 8430: 8409: 8110: 8036: 7948: 7713: 7536: 7262: 7232: 6886: 6539: 6050: 6009: 6004: 5528: 5439: 5171: 5069: 4942: 4624: 4497: 4253: 4190: 4055: 4021: 3810: 3646: 3017: 2986: 2955: 2924: 2759: 2628: 2402: 2016: 1782: 1719: 1579: 1475: 1441: 1161: 951: 625: 553: 458: 32590:"Coronado man's death ruled suicide in 1946, today recognized as 'racial terror lynching'" 27043:; in regard to a 2nd reported lynching March 28, 1908– newspaper account reported that in 26281:"The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1900-192?, July 21, 1903, Image 1" 25508: 22112: 21585: 18137:. Washington, District of Columbia: W.D. Wallach & Hope. July 7, 1922. pp. 1–26. 8596:

Postcard of victim, postmarked 1911, appeared in Crisis Magazine January 1912 p. 118

3731:

A mob of about 100 took the men from the jail to the outskirts of Barnwell and shot them.

8: 32507: 31695: 31134: 31101: 29998: 29541: 28605: 25397:"The Kinsley graphic. [volume] (Kinsley, Kan.) 1890–1940, July 28, 1899, Image 2" 24909:"A Lynching in New York 130 Years Ago Shows That the North Isn't Immune to Racial Hatred" 24613: 24382: 23376: 21337: 21167: 21084: 21064: 20915: 20571: 19345: 19078: 18950: 18242: 18205: 17739: 17371:

Being Asian during a time when Japan was cutting into the profits of Detroit automakers.

17071: 16638: 16229: 15877: 15784: 14916: 14882: 14815: 14777: 14594: 14411: 14216: 14184: 13449: 13223: 12747: 11811: 11669: 11632: 11600: 11487: 11323: 11167: 10091: 9782: 8703: 8547: 8475: 8404: 8370: 8342: 7765: 7618: 7479: 7459: 7195: 6979: 6912: 6876: 6504: 5872: 5503: 5337: 4974: 4667: 4095: 3933: 3778: 3728:

Alleged murder of a merchant and another person. Some were only being held as witnesses.

3476: 3444: 3375: 3147: 2861: 2258: 1947: 1814: 1772: 1544: 1093: 921: 705: 243: 137: 30693:"Lynching victim remembered 100 years later with headstone, corrected death certificate" 30461:"The Lynching of Jess Eley as submitted to the National Peace Museum Montgomery Alabama" 27000:

Lynching of bound white male, his body hung from a bridge. Circa 1910, location unknown.

8459:

Picture of victim appeared in Crisis Magazine January 1912 p. 122: Shot and burned

8253:

Charged with detaining Miss Elizabeth Rubel, a white nineteen-year old Shelbyville girl

7658:

Victims expressed approval of their lodge brother Rufus Browder's killing his employer.

5555:

Killed his white employer in self-defense. Accusations of rape added to incite lynching.

3362:

One of various unique incidents in which a white person is lynched by African-Americans

2708: 1563:

A group of vigilantes broke into the jail, seized McCrory and hanged him from a bridge.

1528: 32648: 30740: 30407:

Federal Writers' Project of the Work Projects Administration for the State of Florida.

29726: 29174: 28901:"April 17, 1915 | White Mob Lynches Black Man Accused of Stealing Meat in Georgia" 27548: 27540: 27181: 27125: 25706: 25250: 24150: 23836: 23810: 23333: 22602:"The Indiana Legislature Finally Acknowledges Three Lynchings in Charlestown's History" 22201: 22080:"Putnam: Delhi Township rethinks park called Deadman's Hill, named after 1866 lynching" 21410: 21359: 21098: 20910: 20754: 20701: 20531: 20383: 20324: 20044: 19585: 19577: 19265: 18539: 17939: 17900: 17454: 17421: 16964: 16944: 16576: 16159: 14491: 13840: 13180: 12786: 11722: 11356: 11338: 11128: 10799: 10718: 10551: 10265: 10159: 9809: 9716: 9542: 9438: 8961: 8861: 8579: 8146: 8071: 7598: 7569: 7294: 6897:

Seized by mob from courthouse after conviction for murder, chained to stump and burned

6777: 6372: 6310: 6279: 5679: 5614: 4694: 4459: 4422: 4385: 3614: 3581: 3214: 2724: 2594: 2520:

Newspapers reported he was innocent, but no one was held accountable for the lynching.

2157: 2056: 1733: 1694: 1568: 839: 700: 335: 82: 32401: 32353: 30150: 29361: 29336:

The Ground Breaking: The Tulsa Race Massacre and an American City's Search for Justice

28841:"The Norman Transcript (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 26, No. 36, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 13, 1915" 25997:

The lynching of Garfield Burley and Curtis Brown. October 8, 1902, Newbern, Tennessee.

23147:"The Criminal Calendar". The Saturday Evening Press (Menasha, Wisconsin). May 1, 1879. 16317:

Law enforcement officer; grand jury refused to indict. In 2022, a two-mile stretch of

33025: 32899: 32682: 32566: 32452: 32442: 31708: 31700: 31463: 31351: 31063: 31052: 31030: 30041: 30033: 29948: 29897: 29854: 29814: 29737: 29701: 29659: 29634: 29609: 29584: 29554: 29546: 29340: 29277: 29269: 29241: 29178: 29166: 29021: 28996: 28988: 28955: 28947: 28769: 28761: 28728: 28720: 28685: 28677: 28617: 28609: 28443: 28435: 28242: 28234: 28199: 28191: 27674: 27664: 27635: 27625: 27552: 27532: 27185: 26816: 26488:"Feb. 7, 1904 | Black Man and Woman Brutally Lynched in Doddsville, Mississippi" 26083: 26051: 26043: 25961: 25931: 25923: 25770: 24877:"Olympia tribune. [volume] (Olympia, Wash.) 1890–1893, May 21, 1892, Image 1" 24234: 24191: 23873: 23865: 23408: 23400: 22483: 22475: 22261: 22173: 22134: 21927: 21844: 21683: 21675: 21611: 21417: 21314: 21058: 20971: 20940: 20880: 20759: 20665: 20583: 18733: 18725: 18696: 18688: 18659: 18651: 18622: 18614: 18587: 18579: 18552: 18544: 18515: 18507: 18480: 18472: 18439: 18431: 18398: 18371: 18344: 18255: 18247: 18218: 18210: 18181: 18173: 18146: 18138: 18111: 18084: 18076: 18047: 18039: 18012: 18004: 17977: 17969: 17913: 17905: 17876: 17868: 17841: 17833: 17804: 17775: 17140: 17105: 17013: 16652: 16611: 16333: 14741: 14706: 14636: 14578: 14558: 14547: 14523: 14261: 13738: 13734: 13712: 13620: 13594: 12898: 12671: 12293: 11943: 11193: 10936: 10902: 10044: 9856: 9458: 9229: 9155: 7708: 7564: 7499: 7427: 7326: 7164: 7074: 6772: 6440: 6248: 6149: 6115: 6065: 5470: 5232: 4764: 4320: 4148: 2804: 2562: 1749: 1624: 1369: 1327: 810: 184: 180: 164: 90: 73: 33018:"Dinkins Describes Killing of Jew In Crown Heights as a 'Lynching' (Published 1991)" 32804: 32715:"Nearly lynched in the 1960s, New Haven man uses art to teach others about the past" 31617: 31024: 26744:"#8 Nease Gillepsie, John Gillepsie, "Jack" Dillingham, Henry Lee, and George Irwin" 25286:

The lynching of Charles Mitchell, his body hanging from a tree in a courthouse yard.

24330:"Shameful Past: Lynchings on Delmarva- Magruder Fletcher Lynched in Accomac in 1889" 22437: 18075:. Dallas, Dallas, Houston, Harris, Texas: W.E. King. October 7, 1922. pp. 1–8. 17904:. Brunswick, Glynn, Georgia: Clarence and Louis Leavy. July 25, 1922. pp. 1–6. 14052:

Attack of a white woman, 19-year-old Ms. Violet Wood, daughter of Rev. John H. Wood

192:

lynch mobs (Henry Plummer in 1864; James Murray in 1897; Carl Etherington in 1910).

32096: 29158: 28904: 28145: 27524: 27455:"West Virginia News: Lynching's Are Still Haunting Reminder To Some WV Communities" 27173: 26808: 26461: 25119: 24458: 24413:"First Of Three Young, Black Lynching Victims In Loudoun County To Be Memorialized" 24187: 23758: 22165: 22124: 21090: 21052: 21043: 20945: 20935: 20900: 20559: 20537: 20389: 20377: 20300: 20148: 20004: 19657: 19321: 18918: 18543:. Palatka, Putnam, Florida: Vickers & Guerry. September 3, 1922. pp. 1–6. 18468: 18463: 18427: 18422: 17650: 17482: 17442: 17335:

Drove through a majority-white neighborhood between his subway maintenance shifts.

17327: 17237: 17044: 16910: 16507: 15717: 15377: 14451: 14335: 14091:

Johnson was twice tried with killing a Turpentine camp foreman four years earlier.

13218: 12422:

Dispute with his boss' wife. Newspapers reported that he "insulted a white woman."

12404: 12225: 12053: 11726: 11553: 11511: 11476: 10829: 10685: 10298: 9888: 9777: 9654: 9478: 9044:

A mob of masked men seized Padilla from the jail and chopped his body into pieces.

8440: 8337: 8302: 7090: 6705: 6671: 6638: 6473: 5806: 4905: 4272:

Suspect killed Deputy Sheriff T Holmes while escaping from jail; lynched by posse.

3863: 3547: 3413: 3112: 2468: 2033: 2001: 1614: 1589: 1284: 956: 800: 658: 522: 463: 188: 126: 102: 32042: 26871:"Groups pay tribute to Henry Davis, last man to be lynched in Anne Arundel County" 26487: 25876:"The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900–current, June 11, 1902, Image 10" 25020:

The_Red_Record_Tabulated_Statistics_and Alleged Causes of Lynching by Ida B. Wells

24286:"Midnight in Tennessee – The Untold Story of the First Jewish Lynching in America" 23648: 21632: 17453:

Rosenbaum, a student from Australia, was stabbed to death by a mob as part of the

3331:

Hanged from a tree by a mob despite the efforts of the sheriff and state militia.

29334: 29233: 28000: 27044: 25321: 24079: 23794:

The lynching of Fred Ingraham and James Green. April 3, 1883, Hastings, Nebraska.

22295: 22154: 21108: 20641: 20577: 20347: 19945: 19865: 18998: 18990: 18982: 18974: 18894: 18683: 18646: 17281: 17094: 16963:

Beaten and mutilated before shooting him in the head and sinking his body in the

16458: 16318: 15909: 15750: 15608: 15555: 15514: 14392: 14034: 13296: 12862: 11978: 11871: 11318: 11162: 10968: 10865: 10754: 10475: 10229: 10194: 9510: 9462: 9093: 7958: 7925: 7531: 6946: 6594: 6045: 5971: 5839: 5539: 5372: 4202: 3944: 2794: 2783: 2647: 2491: 2214: 2011: 1801:

Taken out of his jail cell by an unmasked mob and hanged on a suspension bridge.

1359: 880: 716:

Lynching, plus "legal" executions, of Union supporters by Confederate supporters

605:

Adam was tried and convicted of the murder of a white man. He was represented by

356: 287: 176: 149: 122: 94: 31948: 30434: 30218:

Unidentified lynching of an African American male. Circa 1908, Oxford, Georgia.

27237: 27064: 26518:"ALABAMA MOB HANGS NEGRO.; Burns Jail to Get at Him – Vote Taken Before Hanging" 25825:"Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898–1920, March 31, 1902, Image 2" 25734:"Los Angeles Herald February 12, 1901 — California Digital Newspaper Collection" 25169: 25088: 24577: 24005: 23670: 22774: 18775: 16671:

Forced to jump to his death in the Suwanee River. Grand jury refused to indict.

11887:

He asked a white woman to wait until he had prepared another woman's train berth

6995:

Accused of killing Decatur County Sherriff Martin C. Stegall on October 29, 1905

3463:

Taken from the courthouse during his trial and lynched on the balcony railings.

31906:"The Lynching of Oliver Moore » FREEMAN VINES | HANGING TREE GUITARS" 31605:. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. 1927. p. 29. 31223: 30588: 30537: 30073:"'There will be lynchings': How the Advertiser failed victims of racial terror" 28799: 27567:"San Francisco Call 12 November 1909 — California Digital Newspaper Collection" 27479: 26374: 26168: 25621: 25585: 25158:"Hilliard, Robert Henson—Death & burial—Texas—Tyler." (Library of Congress) 24976: 24563: 23903: 22889: 22680: 22644: 21963: 21671: 21467: 20930: 20920: 20890: 20885: 20769: 20637: 20625: 20565: 20259: 19972: 19641: 19633: 19601: 18854: 18751: 18246:. Great Falls, Cascade, Montana: Tribune Co. September 3, 1922. pp. 1–26. 18071: 17247: 16801: 16790: 16707:

Huge investigation. 2003 and 2016 books on this investigation. No one charged.

16196: 16179: 15684: 15489: 15454: 15010: 14970: 14846: 14371: 14360: 14299: 14175: 13888: 13759: 13568: 12999: 12995: 12974: 12593: 12376: 12339: 12156: 12036: 12016: 11744: 11522: 11093: 10778: 9358: 8796: 8763: 8175: 7676: 7119:

Nease Gillepsie, John Gillepsie, "Jack" Dillingham, Henry Lee, and George Irwin

6827: 6570: 5905: 5412: 4834: 4352: 4167:

Deputy Sheriff George Williams killed by mob who then shot and killed prisoner

3867: 3720: 3080: 2280: 586: 407: 276: 268: 77: 30408: 29162: 28498: 27678: 27639: 26956:"Lynch Mob Justice in 1907, Bancroft, Nebraska - HistoricalCrimeDetective.com" 26163: 18110:. Starkville, Oktibbeha, Mississippi: Wm. Ward. March 24, 1922. pp. 1–8. 17943: 17933: 16668:

Sending Christmas card with "a note expressing his affection" to a white girl.

13078:

McKinley "Snap" Curry, H. Varney (or Johnnie Cornish), Mose Jones, Tom Cornish

11923:

Taken from jail by a mob of approximately 1,000 to the town square and hanged

5558:

Body parts for sale in a store. Widely publicized and privately investigated.

1693:

Killed when Jail burned down by mob; according to a member of mob participant

33081: 33029: 32903: 32456: 32097:"Black Man Wrongly Arrested and Jailed; Lynched Days Later in Tampa, Florida" 31704: 31650: 31355: 31202: 30037: 29550: 29483: 29273: 29170: 29049: 28992: 28951: 28773: 28765: 28732: 28724: 28681: 28613: 28525:"Drive Out Negroes:Undesirables are driven out of Byhalia following lynching" 28439: 28238: 28195: 27536: 26047: 25935: 25927: 24081:

Lynch-law: An Investigation into the History of Lynching in the United States

23869: 23404: 22510:"A Red Record. Revealing lynching sites in North Carolina and South Carolina" 22479: 22265: 22254:"Lynch Law in Maryland-An Alleged Murderer Hanged by a Mob. (Published 1867)" 22138: 22129: 21333: 21113: 20812: 20784: 20706: 20489: 20371: 20271: 20100: 20028: 19569: 19233: 18878: 18862: 18729: 18724:. Richmond, Virginia: Times Dispatch Pub. Co. March 19, 1922. pp. 1–58. 18692: 18655: 18618: 18613:. Pensacola, Escambia, Florida: Mayes & Co. July 26, 1922. pp. 1–8. 18583: 18548: 18511: 18476: 18435: 18402: 18251: 18214: 18177: 18142: 18080: 18043: 18008: 18003:. Chicago, Cook County, Illinois: Whip Pub. Co. July 15, 1922. pp. 1–8. 17973: 17909: 17872: 17837: 17803:. Atlanta, Fulton, Georgia: John S. Cohen. September 30, 1922. pp. 1–6. 17731: 17711: 17661: 17657: 17519: 17462: 17432: 17317: 15073: 15026: 14073: 13257: 13101: 12480: 12442: 11904: 11567: 10574: 10049: 9686: 9334: 9301: 8141: 7887: 7850: 7813: 7776: 7392: 6031: 5002: 4072: 2623: 2181: 833: 789: 141: 32332: 32286: 32151: 31699:. Washington, District of Columbia: W.D. Wallach & Hope. pp. 1–36. 31498:

The lynching of James Clark, handcuffed. July 11, 1926, Eau Gallie, Florida.

31489: 31329:"Jacksonville lynching victim killed by police, then put on display in 1925" 30328: 30307: 30209: 29758: 29515: 29281: 29026:. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. 1919. p. 29000: 28959: 28918: 28621: 28447: 28375: 28354: 28203: 28072: 28017: 27713: 27377: 27027: 26991: 26848: 26743: 26722: 26709: 26590: 26358: 26236:"San Francisco Call June 23, 1903 — California Digital Newspaper Collection" 26213: 26055: 25988: 25853: 25434: 25374: 25277: 24931:. The Benjamin L. Hooks Institute for Social Change, University of Memphis. 24438: 24238: 23877: 23785: 23598:"Sterocard Card Death Photograph of Gus Mentzel Lynching, Raton, New Mexico" 23158: 23087: 22572: 22487: 18700: 18663: 18626: 18591: 18578:. Pensacola, Escambia, Florida: Mayes & Co. July 6, 1922. pp. 1–8. 18519: 18375: 18348: 18115: 18051: 18038:. Ardmore, Carter, Oklahoma: John F. Easley. August 30, 1922. pp. 1–8. 18016: 17981: 17917: 17880: 17845: 17808: 17779: 13899:

Onslow Sheriff claims Blackwell wasn't lynched, rather run out of town. The

8624:(p. 70) and a full picture of both victims in January 1912 p. 122 3927:

Ortiz from jail at gunpoint and hanged him from the Virginia Street Bridge.

355:

against state of Illinois, but lynching was for religious views, especially

32745:"The Indelible Images of Winfred Rembert | The Folk Art Society of America" 32266: 31712: 30045: 29558: 28689: 28246: 26801:"1 The General Sense of Justice: Lynching and the Death Penalty, 1880–1950" 26617: 24120:"Lynching of former slave memorialized as 'low point' in Eatontown history" 23412: 22693: 22183: 21687: 21615: 21130: 20818: 20806: 20711: 20657: 20312: 20226: 19681: 19046: 18910: 18737: 18556: 18484: 18443: 18259: 18222: 18209:. Great Falls, Cascade, Montana: Tribune Co. March 20, 1922. pp. 1–8. 18185: 18150: 18088: 17867:. Brattleboro, Windham, Vermont: Reformer. August 24, 1922. pp. 1–10. 17375: 17048: 17005: 16863: 15774: 15541: 15209: 14865:

Mob broke lock on jail, took Buddington out of town and shot him to death.

13818:

Killing of Maurice Connelly (insurance solicitor) in a burglary gone wrong

13334: 10461: 10351:

Tortured, then burned alive. Spectators came from as far as 50 miles away.

10183: 10086: 9060: 8698: 8126: 8105: 7227: 6589:

Deputy Sheriff C. E. Pierce was killed by mob, who then shot the prisoners

6414: 6326:

One confessed to murder of a white man and claimed the other was accomplice

5825:

Shot during shoot-out with sheriff and angry mob that set fire to her home

5456:

hanged from a lamppost at Cameron and Lee Sts., site of several lynchings.

5201: 4937: 4854: 4662: 4479: 4442: 4405: 4090: 3744: 2664: 2375: 1942: 1249: 382: 145: 133: 32744: 32644:"Emmett Till Sign Is Hit With Bullets Again, 35 Days After Being Replaced" 32503:"Before Emmett Till's Death, Willie James Howard, 15, Was Murdered in Fla" 30851: 28293:

New York Sun, February 9, 1913 p. 1, Oakland CA Tribute February 9, pg. 43

22788:

Helena weekly herald. [volume], February 06, 1873, Page 7, Image 7

21641:. No. 166, Vol III. San Francisco: E. Gilbert & Co. June 15, 1852 17859: 16740:

Forced off a ferry and left to drown. Ruled a suicide until 2024 when the

9288:

Pictures of his lynching were sold to white citizens for five cents each.

7550:

Five black men accused of murder were hanged by a mob of an estimated 150

7522:

Jerry Evans, Will Johnson, Moss Spellman, Clevel Williams, and Will Manuel

4578:

Seized from police when they were trying to move him to a safer location.

4549:

Seized from police when they were trying to move him to a safer location.

3072:

Jackson, Lizzie; Jackson, Andy; Hayes, Frank; Norman, Joe; Rogers, Willie

32892:"MAXIMUM SENTENCE IS GIVEN TO YOUTH IN KILLING OF BLACK (Published 1983)" 32354:"Madera Tribune April 14, 1937 — California Digital Newspaper Collection" 30962: 30380: 30193:"The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, November 15, 1919, Image 1" 26678:"Lynching in America / The Lynching of Bunk Richardson Historical Marker" 25114:"NEGRO LYNCHED / Murder of a White Woman in Missouri Swung from a Bridge" 24632:"Daily Nevada State Journal Newspaper Archives September 19, 1891 Page 3" 24486:"SHOT DOWN IN COLD BLOOD – Eight Defenseless Negroes Lynched at Barnwell" 23273:"Lynching Victim is Honored with Soil Collection Ceremony in Poolesville" 22156:

Religion of a Different Color: Race and the Mormon Struggle for Whiteness

22022: 21310: 20925: 20790: 20230: 20068: 20036: 19996: 18886: 17793: 16933: 16820:

Car surrounded by 20 Ku Klux Klan members. Car was shot at with pistols.

16565: 16145: 16101: 16095: 15830:

Objected to her daughter being taken out for "rides" with white Klansmen.

14984: 14810: 14619: 13929: 13459: 13373: 13061: 12949: 12834: 12642: 12566: 12529: 12190: 12120: 10602: 10145: 10002: 9920: 9621: 9405: 9369: 8380: 8047:

Brooks was accused of raping Mary Beuvens, a two-and-a-half year old girl

7408: 7111: 4969: 4237:

Accused of the rape of 11-year-old Nettie (Nellie) Silcox on May 16, 1892

3522: 3408: 2370: 1396: 916: 606: 322: 32435:

Hanging bridge : racial violence and America's civil rights century

29537:"Thousand View Bodies of Unnaturalized Mexicans lynched at Pueblo, Colo" 27041:

The Waxahachie daily light. [volume], February 29, 1908, Image 1

21363: 15896:

Taken forcibly from hospital. No indictment despite numerous witnesses.

14317:

Fight with co-worker, J.L. Sullivan, in which Sullivan's arm was broken

6555:

Accused of sexually assaulting and stabbing to death an 18-year-old girl

1494:

Taken out of his prison cell and lynched by a mob on the public square.

644:

Hanged from a pile driver by a crowd of fifty to seventy-five Irishmen.

22:

Two Mexican-American men, Francisco Arias and José Chamales, lynched in

30615: 30600: 29369: 29122: 28229: 27544: 27512: 27177: 24686:"At Least 21 Lynched In Alachua County, Historical Commission Confirms" 21610:. No. 360, Vol IV. S. & A. Francis. July 31, 1852. p. 2. 21103: 20553: 20306: 20092: 19964: 19705: 19673: 19014: 18902: 18498: 17764: 17696: 17616: 17379: 16100:

An estimated 10,000 people witnessed the lynching. California Governor

15533:

Sheriff: "I don't know who killed the nigger and I don't give a damn."

13666: 11967: 11587:

for Willie Howell, Charlie Lansdale, Fritz Boyd, and Francis Flanagan.

10607:

Forced to sing patriotic songs and kiss the flag, before being hanged.

5316: 4610:

Mob formed as officers were transporting Bates to jail. He was hanged.

3171: 2828: 2338: 2268: 1406: 160: 156: 30277: 29440: 26677: 23041: 18506:. Water Valley, Yalobusha, Mississippi. March 17, 1922. pp. 1–4. 16449:

Broke into a store, accused of attacking a police officer with a knife

12098:

Owned a 50 arch farm which caused jealousy from some white neighbors.

7729:

Transported from Gainesville to Lakeland to be identified and lynched

7446:

Jefferson County had the highest number of lynchings in Alabama (29).

6933:

Mob of 2,000 burned jail where he was held, then hanged and shot him.

5695:

Helping two Black prisoners to escape who had killed two law officers.

4857:, where they hanged him from a tree and riddled his body with bullets 479:

Capistrano, Lopez; Hernández, Mariano; and Hernandez, Domingo

29973: 26968: 22947:"Marking a Tragedy: Historical Plaque will Memorialize 1875 Lynching" 21923:"Disaffection in Confederate Texas: The Great Hanging at Gainesville" 21922: 20455: 20359: 20294: 19497: 14871: 14271: 14008: 13965: 13604: 12908: 9215: 5760:

Cotton killed by a white mob; O'Grady Killed by African-American mob

5036: 1929:

Broken out of jail by a disguised mob and hanged from a willow tree.

318: 30645: 27661:

The injustice never leaves you : anti-Mexican violence in Texas

27528: 27121:"Ex-Senator Sullivan Will Stand Consequences for Directing Shooting" 23696:"A memorial decades in the making for a Grand Forks lynching victim" 23520:"Kansas City Erects First Memorial To Remember A Victim Of Lynching" 18687:. Richmond, Virginia: Planet Pub. Co. August 5, 1922. pp. 1–8. 18650:. Richmond, Virginia: Planet Pub. Co. August 5, 1922. pp. 1–8. 17822: 8682:

Picture of victim appeared in Crisis Magazine March 1912 p. 209

6859:

Tortured and burned alive; crowd of some 600 attended the lynching.

3797:

Taken from his jail cell by a mob and lynched on Murfreesboro Road.

3763:

Taken from his jail cell by a mob, hanged, and shot multiple times.

3495:

Taken from the county jail and hung from a tree on courthouse lawn.

32295:

The lynching of Rubin Stacy. Onlookers, including four young girls.

30660: 27964: 27962: 26901:"Cowboys Lynch Negro in Toyah, Texas for living with a white woman" 26613:"The sadism of white men: why America must atone for its lynchings" 23932: 23930: 23928: 23926: 23463:. Missourians for alternatives to the death penalty. Archived from 23057: 23055: 20696: 18714: 17968:. Salem, Marion, Oregon: G. Putnam. August 30, 1922. pp. 1–8. 16997:

Rape and kidnapping of a white woman; charges possibly fabricated.

15047: 14421: 13810: 13769: 13033:

Memorial Service Marked the 100th Anniversary of the Event in 2022

12984: 12757: 12681: 12452: 12166: 11545:

Many black homes burned to discourage citizens from coming forward

7650: 4229: 4198:

Arrested for the fatal assault of Toccoa City Marshal James Carter.

1600:

Man dies from castration after being tarred and feathered by a mob

360: 69: 30947: 30204: 30202: 28307:"Burn Negro At Stake: Second Lynching for Murder of Mrs. Williams" 27593:"Allen Brooks, Victim of a 1910 Lynching, Is Remembered in Dallas" 27153: 25033:"Strange Fruit and Spanish Moss: January 12, 1894: Charles Willis" 21679: 21439:"Finnish immigrant was 'victim of warmongers' 100 years ago in..." 21221:. University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law. Archived from 18362: 17677:

Lists of killings by law enforcement officers in the United States

9465:

where they shot to death and bodies burned on the side of a road.

4678:

Kidnapping and murder of white girl; Smith confessed under duress.

1460:

Indiana Legislature Exonerated Johnson, Taylor, and Davis in 2022

569:

Alleged murder and robbery of wealthy white farmer, "Mr. Simpson."

32835:"He Survived A Near-Lynching. 50 Years Later, He's Still Healing" 32774: 31166:. The Crisis Publishing Company, Inc. October 1923. p. 260. 30896: 30630: 29694:

Red Summer. The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America

28803: 23042:"Lynching in America / Lynchings In Oxford, OH Historical Marker" 22765: 22694:

Edna E. Kimbro; Anthony Crosby; E. Leroy Tolles (June 30, 2003).

18818: 18236: 18102: 17832:. Birmingham, Jefferson, Alabama: Age-Herald Co. March 19, 1922. 17492: 16592:

Home invasion, attempted murder, attempted rape, resisting arrest

14958: 14345: 14226: 13686: 13629: 12603: 12490: 12414: 12303: 10847:

Wearing uniform of his WWI military service to the United States

10728: 10126: 9594:

Mob ran into them while hunting for the murderer of white farmer

7718: 7281:

A crowd estimated at 10,000 examined the lynching victim's body.

6922: 3999: 392: 352: 171:, although they represented less than 10% of the national total. 32341:

The corpse of Clyde Johnson. August 3, 1935 . Yreka, California.

30914: 30881: 30791: 29894: