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1961:
by the third batch this had been replaced by a 70 horsepower (52 kW) motor. In 1902, the motor cars were fitted with two 100 horsepower (75 kW) motors, and these were replaced in 1919 by 75 horsepower (56 kW) motors. Air brakes were fitted, the pressure being topped up at the termini. In the early days a single motor coach ran off-peak, but the norm became a three-coach train consisting of two motor coaches with a trailer coach between. Two classes of accommodation were provided, originally first and second, becoming first and third in 1905 when the L&YR began running over the railway. The cars were open with transverse seating: the central trailer had leather-covered seats for first class passengers; third class passengers had wooden seating. As the voltage was 500 V, when they ran on the L&YR 630 V system the motors had to be in series mode.
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1507:"I have great pleasure in associating myself in however humble and transitory a manner with this great and splendid undertaking. I am glad to be associated with an enterprise which I hope will carry still further the prosperity and power of Liverpool, and which will carry down the name of Liverpool to posterity as the place where a great mechanical undertaking first found its home... I will therefore, though with some fear and trembling, fulfil the injunctions of Sir William Forwood, and proceed to handle the electric machinery which is to set this line in motion. I only hope the result will be no different from what he anticipates."
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that could be transported, and renewing the lease on it every seven years. The board blocked an attempt by the
Liverpool Overhead Railway Company to extend its line to join the Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway at Seaforth for the purposes of transporting coal to Herculaneum Dock. The lack of development or rescue by the board was at least in part due to its determination to restrict its activities to those that directly impacted the dock.
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to deflect the steam from the structure. Parts of the decking had become rusty on the surface, caused by steam and soot from the dock locomotives that passed underneath, mixing with rainwater to form an acid that began to corrode the metalwork. Drainage blockages combined with grit and constant vibration also played a part in the degradation of the structure.
1960:
The railway used electric units with passenger accommodation and an electric motor in the same unit. Any number could be coupled together with all motors controlled by the driver. Built between 1892 and 1899 by Brown
Marshall & Co, the original units had one 60 horsepower (45 kW) motor, but
1750:
The railway was carried mainly on iron viaducts, with a corrugated iron decking onto which the tracks were laid. It was vulnerable to corrosion, especially as the steam-operated Docks
Railway operated beneath some sections, despite the locomotives being fitted with chimney cowls which were intended
1726:
The Mersey Docks & Harbour Board maintained stringent controls over the operation of the
Overhead Railway for the duration of its operation. The board protected its own freight transport interests by including clauses in the Overhead Railway's enabling legislation to limit the weight of parcels
1583:
The railway's contractor, J.W. Willans, was appointed as its chief engineer. He specialised in building and running electric railways, and in 1902, newer and more powerful electric motors were fitted to the trains in order to reduce service times in order to keep up with the competition from trams.
1569:
on 30 April 1894 in order to reach more residential areas. The extension brought the total length of the railway to 6 miles (10 km) and cost a total of £10,000. While the passengers had previously been primarily travelling to businesses and the city, the
Seaforth extension resulted in a large
1761:
A full-time maintenance team was employed solely for the
Overhead Railway, but struggled to keep up with repairs, and costs began to rise steeply during the 1950s. In 1955, a survey discovered that repairs would be necessary in five years at a cost of £2 million. The company could not afford
1561:
reported that "the carriages appear to be fairly well filled with passengers." In the early days of the railway there were a number of injuries and at least one fatality as a result of passengers and conductors overestimating the height of the railway while standing up on the top deck of open-top
1667:
To allow the through-running of L&YR trains, the conductor rail was moved to outside the running rails and the centre rail became the earth return until the 1920s. The first automatic train-stop system was installed on the line, and was electrically operated. An arm on the trackside would be
1668:
struck by each passing train, activating an electromagnet, resulting in a 'danger' signal being shown until the train had passed through the next station. As a result of automation, the number of staffed signal boxes was reduced to two. The line upgraded the signalling from semaphore to a
1623:
minutes, but due to increased power and maintenance costs, the trains were then slowed down by six minutes in 1908, and the frequency of trains was increased to one every three minutes during peak times. By 1910, the operating hours were unrivaled, providing at least one train every
1715:, there was a reduction in usage of the Overhead Railway. Tourist tickets were offered from 1932, which also included visits to ocean liners that were moored at the docks, as part of a scheme to increase ticket sales, along with reduced prices, and a major advertising campaign.
1493:, though the line extended another half a mile (800 m) north of Alexandra Dock station to the carriage sheds and workshops; no land closer to the station had been available. At the time of opening in February 1893, the railway had cost £510,000 and used a total of 25,000
322:
terminus the "overhead" description of the railway would have seemed an anomaly to those descending to the platform there which was underground in a tunnel. At least two alternative names for the railway existed: "Dockers' Umbrella"; and "ovee", a local slang term.
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The railway became popular with tourists. A 1902 Liverpool guidebook devoted a whole chapter to viewing and visiting the docks via the overhead railway, and a 1930s poster described it as "the best way to see the finest docks in the world". As of 1919, a total of
1883:
Despite public protest, the line was closed on the evening of 30 December 1956. The final two scheduled trains were full of passengers and were timed to meet at Pier Head, where crowds gathered. It was the first electrified urban railway in the UK to close.
1964:
A three-car train was modernised in 1945–47; this involved replacing the timber body with aluminium and plywood, and fitting power-operated sliding doors under control of the guard. New trains were considered too expensive and six more trains were rebuilt.
1722:
in 1948 with the rest of the
British railway system. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, the company started to modernise some of the carriages, incorporating sliding doors. The line continued to carry large numbers of passengers, especially dock workers.
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was opened on 21 December 1896. Dingle was the only underground station, the extension from
Herculaneum Dock being achieved with a 200 ft (61 m) lattice girder bridge and a half-mile (800 m) tunnel through the sandstone cliff to Park Road.
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The first official journey on the railway took place on 7 January 1893, with the railway chairman taking engineers and other people of importance on a tour of the length of the railway. The railway was officially opened on 4 February the same year by the
1922:
One of the original wooden carriages, on a recreated section of elevated track, remains on display with other artefacts at the Museum of
Liverpool, and the only surviving first-class modernised carriage, No 7, was taken on by Coventry Railway Centre.
1672:
permanent daytime colour-light system in 1921: the first to be installed in
Britain. The track also contained automatic braking systems for trains which ran through a red light; the current could be automatically disconnected and air brakes applied.
1814:
An Act to provide for the closing of the Liverpool overhead railway and for the winding up and dissolution of the Liverpool Overhead Railway Company to confirm an agreement between the Company and the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board and for other
1481:
branch line which passed above. Special lightweight passenger cars were designed with each having a driving motor car; one bogie was powered with a single 60 horsepower (45 kW) motor. They were placed on the track in the switchback section.
2039:
to celebrate Liverpool's 2008 reign as Capital of Culture. In 1897, the Lumière brothers filmed Liverpool, including what is believed to be the first tracking shot, taken from the railway. It was also featured in the film
1647:
From 2 July 1905, Overhead Railway trains began running through to Seaforth & Litherland, and through connections and through bookings between Liverpool Overhead Railway stations and the Southport branch of the
1385:
based on this plan, but it was rejected and there was no further progress. The Liverpool Overhead Railway Company was formed in 1888 and obtained permission to build a double-track railway in the same year via the
1891:
for work after its closure. The railway was replaced by a bus service operated by Liverpool Corporation who purchased 60 new buses for the route. The price of a workman's return fare subsequently increased from
1754:
Alongside this deterioration of the railway, the company never made as much money as they had hoped. Passengers made shorter journeys over the years, with the average passenger value declining from 2
274:
showed that major repairs, which the company could not afford, were needed. The railway closed at the end of 1956, and despite public protests, the structures were dismantled in the following year.
1758:
in 1897 to 1.7d in 1913. Electric trams were introduced and competed with the railway, reducing the number of people using it, and changes to ticketing increased operational costs for the company.
1047:
in 1852, linking the warehouses and docks. Initially horses were used, for locomotives were banned because of the risk of fire. From 1859, passenger services were provided using adapted horse
1887:
A small number of staff were kept to maintain the buildings and structures, and it was hoped that a way of reopening the railway could be found. More than 100 members of the LOR staff joined
1413:. Steam traction was considered, and they considered fitting floors to the structure to prevent ash falling to the street below; however, this was seen as a fire risk. Sir
3396:
1550:, the mayor of Liverpool, the chairman of the Dock Board, directors and engineers, and a number of other guests, who traveled on an inaugural journey along the railway.
1051:; the wheel flanges could be retracted to allow an omnibus to leave the tracks to overtake a goods train. By the 1880s there was an omnibus service every five minutes.
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were made available, with revised fares and timetables. The L&YR built some special lightweight electric stock and from 1906 began running services from Dingle to
1656:
and Aintree. Regular services to Aintree were withdrawn in 1908, and after this special trains ran only twice a year, on Jump Sunday and the following Friday for the
3632:
1988:
in 1949. It was replaced by a Ruston diesel engine, which was bought in 1947. Both were fitted with the proprietary coupling used by the Overhead Railway's EMUs.
225:. The railway had a number of world firsts: it was the first electric elevated railway, the first to use automatic signalling, electric colour light signals and
229:, and was home to one of the first passenger escalators at a railway station. It was the second-oldest electric metro in the world, being preceded by the 1890
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network, which was formed from local suburban lines and new tunnel formed into a network, using no former infrastructure of the Liverpool Overhead Railway.
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1860:, despite still being reported to be profitable for its shareholders, and was relieved of its statutory obligation to operate passenger services with the
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Demolition of the structure commenced on 23 September 1957, and all 80 acres (32 ha) of elevated track were removed by January the following year.
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girders, positioned a nominal 16 ft (4.9 m) above the roadway. A total of 567 spans were erected, most being 50 ft (15 m) long. The
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into Dingle station have survived, the latter being used as a garage. The foundations of the double deck swing bridge at Stanley Dock also remain.
1535:
252:. A number of stations opened and closed during the railway's operation owing to relative popularity and damage, including air bombing during the
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As a result of the traffic, congestion, and overcrowding of the dock roads, many proposals were made for transport solutions. Rails were laid at
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1451:, at Stanley Dock a bridge was replaced by a combined lifting-and-swing bridge, the lower lifting section carrying the road and goods railway.
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1774:. A number of attempts to rescue the railway and arrange a takeover took place over the next year but were ultimately unsuccessful.
1664:. Through services from Dingle to Southport were withdrawn in 1914. By 1914 the railway had served over 10 million passengers.
1417:, the Chairman of the Liverpool Overhead Railway, had studied American electric railways, and in 1891 electric traction was chosen.
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1980:. It was used to de-ice the track and haul the maintenance train from its acquisition in the 1890s until it was sold to Rea Ltd, a
1593:
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The public services started on 6 March, with the first carriages leaving from the Alexandra Dock and Herculaneum Dock stations at 7
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During the Second World War, the railway suffered extensively from bomb damage. As a purely local undertaking, it was not
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increase in traffic from residents of the outer areas of Liverpool. An extension southwards from Herculaneum Dock to
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Realising that the railway was receiving low traffic outside of working hours, the line was extended northwards to
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1477:. The power was supplied by a generating station at Bramley-Moore Dock that received its coal directly from the
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c. cxcviii) for a single-line steam railway with passing loops at stations. The MD&HB applied to the
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1948:
An electric train on the Liverpool Overhead Railway, photographed for the Street Railway Journal, 1902.
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The Liverpool Overhead Railway operated one steam locomotive, called Lively Polly, an inside-cylinder
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Four bridges were constructed to cross wider streets. Hydraulic lifting sections were provided at
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The "overhead" refers to the railway being primarily constructed above street level, and not to "
222:
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2905:"Liverpool Overhead Railway motor coach number 3, 1892 - Museum of Liverpool, Liverpool museums"
1517:
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was chosen as the primary contractor. Building began in 1889 and was completed in January 1893.
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2009:
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1538:, who turned on the main electrical current during a ceremony at the generating station at the
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2535:"Willans, John Bancroft (1881 – 1957), country landowner, antiquarian and philanthropist"
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1992:
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Little evidence of the railway remains, but a small number of columns set into walls at
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244:, the railway was extended at both ends over the years of operation, as far south as
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http://www.subbrit.org.uk/sb-sites/sites/l/liverpool_overhead_railway/index.shtml
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Originally the conductor rail was placed between the rails, energised at 500–525
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1462:(L&YR) coal tip branch. As the gradient was 1 in 40, this was known as the
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million people used the railway every year. Being a local railway, it was not
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1981:
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uses it to travel to one of the docks. Extensive archive footage appears in
2026:
1879:
Remnants of Overhead Railway supports built into a wall near Clarence Dock.
1838:
1746:, the only underground station, and one of its few remaining visible traces
1719:
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Liverpool's Historic Waterfront: The World's First Mercantile Dock System
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http://www.historywebsite.co.uk/genealogy/Parker/OverheadRailway.htm
1956:
Liverpool Overhead Railway carriage in the Museum of Liverpool, 2023
1447:
to allow goods access to the docks. To allow shipping access to the
296:
Share of the Liverpool Overhead Railway Company, issued 9 March 1897
1432:
railway was laid on longitudinal timbers on the elevated sections.
3178:. Lumière brothers. Event occurs at 1:27 minutes. Archived from
2035:, a "cinematic autobiographical poem" made by British film-maker
1969:
1676:
The seventeenth and final station was opened on 16 June 1930, at
1410:
271:
2930:"Tunnel collapse on Park Road sees homes evacuated in Liverpool"
2838:
Eglin, George (31 December 1956). "First Day Without Overhead".
1619:
From 1902, the journey end-to-end journey time was reduced to 22
1365:
An elevated railway was first proposed in 1852, and in 1878 the
1340:
1272:
1189:
3200:
The Docker's Umbrella: A History of Liverpool Overhead Railway
1755:
314:", though there is no ambiguity as the electrical supply was
270:
In 1955, a report into the structure of the many bridges and
1373:
Mersey Docks and Harbour Board (Over-Head Railways) Act 1878
1063:
Mersey Docks and Harbour Board (Over-Head Railways) Act 1878
1214:
Mersey Docks and Harbour Board (Overhead Railways) Act 1887
1131:
Mersey Docks and Harbour Board (Overhead Railways) Act 1882
2392:
2148:. Irthlingborough, UK: Countryside Books. pp. 26–31.
1604:
million passengers used the Overhead Railway each year, 14
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stations. Plans were put forward to extend the line from
1048:
3148:"Clutching at moments: thoughts on Of Time and the City"
2759:. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. p. 168.
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3122:"Liverpool Overhead Railway motor coach number 3, 1892"
1926:
On 24 July 2012, a portion of the terminal tunnel near
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such costs and looked for financial support, from the
1458:, the railway dropped to road level to pass under the
3319:
Royden, Mike (2017), 'Liverpool Overhead Railway' in
2773:
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2275:
2096:
The term "ovee" seems a fairly obvious derivation in
2958:. New York: McGraw Publishing Company. 19 July 1902
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2146:
Lost Railways of Merseyside & Greater Manchester
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2651:"Liverpool Overhead Railway archive film footage"
1711:With fewer ships docking in Liverpool during the
1512:The Marquis of Salisbury at the opening ceremony.
3633:Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
3564:
1596:station to a new station beside Seaforth Sands.
330:
236:Originally spanning five miles (8 km) from
2490:"Extension of the Liverpool Overhead Railway".
3404:
2853:"Floral tribute for the last Overhead train".
2754:
2508:Railway engineering, mechanical and electrical
2168:
285:have been served by the partially underground
3390:
2340:"The Great Northern and City Railway Company"
1708:line, however, these were never carried out.
1608:million passengers per year, even during the
345:
3603:Former buildings and structures in Liverpool
3368:Colourised footage of the Overhead Railway:
2450:"The Overhead Railway: Opened for traffic".
1995:and a modernised carriage was stored at the
1900:as workers were forced to use bus services.
1643:A section of the overhead railway circa 1911
1588:L&YR was electrifying its routes out of
2833:
2831:
2556:. Liverpool University Press. p. 278.
2469:. Liverpool University Press. p. 269.
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2424:
1592:. A connection was built from the L&YR
326:
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3145:
2235:Portrait of the Liverpool Overhead Railway
2228:
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2224:
2222:
2220:
352:
338:
3552:Liverpool Overhead Railway electric units
2173:. Sheffield: Bradwell Books. p. 61.
1972:, which was originally built in Leeds by
1940:Liverpool Overhead Railway electric units
3613:Railway companies disestablished in 1956
3578:British companies disestablished in 1956
3349:The Liverpool Overhead Railway (Gaskell)
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2195:"The Docker's Umbrella: End of the line"
2063:Railway electrification in Great Britain
2019:(both 1950), and in the final scenes of
1951:
1943:
1874:
1734:
1700:, to create a circular route, using the
1638:
1516:
1039:Illustration of a section of the railway
1034:
291:
3598:Electric railways in the United Kingdom
2551:
2511:. E. & F.N. Spon. pp. 498–509.
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494:
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2541:. The National Library of Wales. 2001.
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3608:Railway companies established in 1888
3573:British companies established in 1888
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3305:Liverpool Overhead Railway, 1893-1956
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3029:"Accident at Dingle 20 December 1898"
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2007:The railway is featured in the films
1997:Electric Railway Museum, Warwickshire
1849:Text of statute as originally enacted
1358:Text of statute as originally enacted
1283:Text of statute as originally enacted
1200:Text of statute as originally enacted
1117:Text of statute as originally enacted
16:Defunct elevated railway in Liverpool
3246:Lost Lines: Liverpool and the Mersey
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
221:and opened in 1893 with lightweight
3370:https://www.historyofliverpool.com/
3302:
2435:"Opening of the Overhead Railway".
2205:from the original on 15 August 2020
2143:
2025:(1951), as the character played by
1864:Liverpool Overhead Railway Act 1956
1784:Liverpool Overhead Railway Act 1956
1542:. The ceremony was attended by the
1390:Liverpool Overhead Railway Act 1888
1369:(MD&HB) obtained powers in the
1345:Liverpool Overhead Railway Act 1956
1297:Liverpool Overhead Railway Act 1888
1277:Liverpool Overhead Railway Act 1956
1194:Liverpool Overhead Railway Act 1956
465:
318:. When the LOR was extended to the
13:
3272:
2743:
2639:
2619:"The Liverpool Overhead Railway".
1991:An original train was kept by the
1650:Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway
1479:Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway
969:
436:
277:Since 1977, Liverpool's needs for
74:Liverpool Overhead Railway Company
14:
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2990:. 13 January 1893. Archived from
2130:
1485:The finished railway ran between
976:
414:
3583:Historic transport in Merseyside
1933:
1802:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1795:
1586:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
1460:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
1424:The structure was to be made of
1409:were commissioned to design the
1315:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1308:
1232:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1225:
1149:Parliament of the United Kingdom
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1081:Parliament of the United Kingdom
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3588:Minor British railway companies
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2978:"Trial Running and Inspection (
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2169:Atkinson-James, Rachel (2014).
1584:In the early 20th century, the
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476:
2857:. 31 December 1956. p. 1.
2755:Ritchie-Noakes, Nancy (1984).
2187:
2162:
2114:
2090:
1768:Mersey Docks and Harbour Board
1367:Mersey Docks and Harbour Board
940:
918:
896:
874:
852:
830:
808:
786:
764:
742:
720:
698:
676:
654:
632:
610:
588:
566:
537:
36:Seaforth Sands railway station
1:
3355: (archived 31 March 2016)
2539:Dictionary of Welsh Biography
2439:. 4 February 1893. p. 3.
2346:. 20 April 1895. p. 334.
2078:
1903:
1696:, and from Seaforth Sands to
544:
395:
231:City and South London Railway
110:September 1957 – January 1958
3628:Railway lines closed in 1956
3618:Railway lines opened in 1893
3223:Seventeen Stations to Dingle
2956:"The Street Railway Journal"
2653:. National Museums Liverpool
2107:
1578:
7:
3623:Rail transport in Liverpool
2909:www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk
2494:. 30 April 1894. p. 5.
2051:
305:
10:
3649:
3406:Liverpool Overhead Railway
3282:Liverpool Overhead Railway
3146:Fairclough, Damon (2008).
2700:. 16 June 1930. p. 8.
2454:. 6 March 1893. p. 4.
2122:Liverpool Overhead Railway
1937:
1777:United Kingdom legislation
1730:
1500:
1290:United Kingdom legislation
1207:United Kingdom legislation
1124:United Kingdom legislation
1056:United Kingdom legislation
361:Liverpool Overhead Railway
300:
199:Liverpool Overhead Railway
24:Liverpool Overhead Railway
3544:
3518:
3412:
3172:Alexandre Promio (1897).
2696:"New Liverpool Station".
2623:. 1 July 1905. p. 4.
2068:Architecture of Liverpool
1847:
1837:
1832:
1819:
1808:
1794:
1789:
1782:
1594:Seaforth & Litherland
1449:Leeds and Liverpool Canal
1356:
1349:
1339:
1334:
1321:
1307:
1302:
1295:
1281:
1271:
1266:
1256:
1251:
1238:
1224:
1219:
1212:
1198:
1188:
1183:
1173:
1168:
1155:
1141:
1136:
1129:
1115:
1105:
1100:
1087:
1073:
1068:
1061:
1009:
988:
984:
952:
948:
930:
926:
908:
904:
886:
882:
864:
860:
842:
838:
820:
816:
798:
794:
776:
772:
754:
750:
732:
728:
710:
706:
688:
684:
666:
662:
644:
640:
622:
618:
600:
596:
578:
574:
556:
552:
515:
511:
448:
444:
428:Seaforth & Litherland
426:
422:
407:
403:
380:
250:Seaforth & Litherland
171:
135:
127:
119:
114:
106:
98:
83:
78:
70:
60:
55:
47:
42:
28:
23:
3593:Rapid transit in England
3303:Box, Charles E. (1959).
3244:Welbourn, Nigel (2008).
2237:. Ian Allan Publishing.
2083:
1616:million into the 1950s.
1532:Leader of the Opposition
1497:tons of iron and steel.
327:Origins and construction
217:that operated along the
3221:Gahan, John W. (1982).
2987:Manchester Weekly Times
2649:Koeck, Richard (2010).
2233:Jarvis, Adrian (1996).
2002:
1978:West Lancashire Railway
256:. At its peak almost 20
227:electric multiple units
223:electric multiple units
3288:: The Bluecoat Press.
3206:: The Bluecoat Press.
2552:Belchem, John (2006).
2505:Haldane, John (1897).
2465:Belchem, John (2006).
1957:
1949:
1880:
1856:The company went into
1747:
1644:
1526:
1509:
1040:
297:
201:(known locally as the
123:7 mi (11 km)
87:6 March 1893
3536:William Bower Forwood
3531:James Henry Greathead
3307:. Railway World Ltd.
3280:Bolger, Paul (1996).
3198:Bolger, Paul (2007).
2401:, pp. 24–25, 34.
2073:John Bancroft Willans
1955:
1947:
1878:
1858:voluntary liquidation
1764:Liverpool Corporation
1738:
1642:
1520:
1505:
1407:James Henry Greathead
1038:
295:
3322:Tales from the 'Pool
3254:Ian Allan Publishing
2855:Liverpool Daily Post
2032:Of Time and the City
1915:, and the tunnel at
1536:Marquis of Salisbury
1419:John William Willans
3526:Charles Douglas Fox
3325:, Creative Dreams,
3182:on 28 October 2009.
3126:Museum of Liverpool
2126:The Transport Trust
1993:Museum of Liverpool
2201:. 25 April 2008 .
2058:LYR electric units
2042:A Day In Liverpool
2022:The Clouded Yellow
1958:
1950:
1881:
1748:
1662:Aintree Racecourse
1645:
1590:Liverpool Exchange
1540:Bramley-Moore Dock
1527:
1456:Bramley-Moore Dock
1041:
520:Liverpool Exchange
298:
3560:
3559:
3295:978-1-872568-40-9
3263:978-0-7110-3190-6
3236:978-0-907768-20-3
3213:978-1-872568-05-8
3042:. 26 January 1899
3018:, pp. 29–30.
2636:, pp. 23–24.
2492:Liverpool Mercury
2359:, pp. 19–21.
2299:, pp. 13–14.
2284:, pp. 12–13.
2171:Liverpool Dialect
2144:Suggitt, Gordon.
2098:Liverpool English
1870:4 & 5 Eliz. 2
1854:
1853:
1826:4 & 5 Eliz. 2
1790:Act of Parliament
1636:;pm on weekdays.
1628:minutes from 4:45
1396:51 & 52 Vict.
1379:41 & 42 Vict.
1363:
1362:
1335:Other legislation
1328:51 & 52 Vict.
1303:Act of Parliament
1288:
1287:
1267:Other legislation
1245:50 & 51 Vict.
1220:Act of Parliament
1205:
1204:
1184:Other legislation
1162:45 & 46 Vict.
1137:Act of Parliament
1122:
1121:
1094:41 & 42 Vict.
1069:Act of Parliament
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
203:Dockers' Umbrella
195:
194:
191:
190:
51:Dockers' Umbrella
3640:
3505:Herculaneum Dock
3440:Brocklebank Dock
3399:
3392:
3385:
3376:
3375:
3316:
3299:
3267:
3240:
3217:
3184:
3183:
3175:Liverpool Scenes
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3152:noise heat power
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3118:
3112:
3106:
3100:
3094:
3088:
3082:
3076:
3070:
3064:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3036:Railways Archive
3033:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2835:
2826:
2820:
2814:
2808:
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2796:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2752:
2741:
2735:
2726:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2646:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2568:
2567:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2531:
2525:
2524:, p. 21-22.
2519:
2513:
2512:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2432:
2419:
2413:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2375:
2369:
2360:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2336:
2330:
2324:
2315:
2309:
2300:
2294:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2230:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2141:
2128:
2118:
2101:
2094:
1917:Herculaneum Dock
1889:British Railways
1866:
1865:
1799:
1798:
1785:
1780:
1779:
1772:British Railways
1713:Great Depression
1690:Herculaneum Dock
1635:
1631:
1627:
1622:
1615:
1610:Second World War
1607:
1603:
1556:
1525:from the railway
1513:
1496:
1491:Herculaneum Dock
1472:
1392:
1391:
1375:
1374:
1351:Status: Repealed
1312:
1311:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1229:
1228:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1146:
1145:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1078:
1077:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1004:
1003:
994:
990:Herculaneum Dock
979:
978:
972:
971:
965:
964:
943:
942:
932:Herculaneum Dock
921:
920:
899:
898:
877:
876:
855:
854:
833:
832:
811:
810:
789:
788:
767:
766:
745:
744:
723:
722:
701:
700:
679:
678:
657:
656:
646:Brocklebank Dock
635:
634:
613:
612:
591:
590:
569:
568:
547:
546:
540:
539:
533:
532:
505:
504:
497:
496:
488:
487:
479:
478:
468:
467:
439:
438:
417:
416:
398:
397:
378:
377:
354:
347:
340:
331:
259:
254:Second World War
242:Herculaneum Dock
211:overhead railway
187:
173:
172:
167:
161:
159:
158:
154:
151:
143:
128:Number of tracks
102:30 December 1956
94:
92:
65:Elevated railway
33:
21:
20:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3540:
3514:
3408:
3403:
3353:Wayback Machine
3340:
3335:
3296:
3275:
3273:Further reading
3270:
3264:
3250:Hersham, Surrey
3237:
3229:: Countrywise.
3214:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3156:
3154:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3107:
3103:
3095:
3091:
3083:
3079:
3071:
3067:
3059:
3055:
3045:
3043:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3014:
3007:
2997:
2995:
2994:on 17 July 2012
2976:
2975:
2971:
2961:
2959:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2939:
2937:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2911:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2890:
2886:
2878:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2836:
2829:
2821:
2817:
2809:
2805:
2797:
2786:
2778:
2774:
2767:
2753:
2744:
2736:
2729:
2721:
2717:
2709:
2705:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2666:
2656:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2632:
2628:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2605:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2550:
2546:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2520:
2516:
2503:
2499:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2463:
2459:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2434:
2433:
2422:
2414:
2405:
2397:
2393:
2385:
2378:
2370:
2363:
2355:
2351:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2325:
2318:
2310:
2303:
2295:
2288:
2280:
2276:
2268:
2264:
2256:
2252:
2245:
2231:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2167:
2163:
2156:
2142:
2131:
2119:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2095:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2054:
2005:
1942:
1936:
1906:
1863:
1862:
1804:
1796:
1783:
1778:
1733:
1660:, both held at
1633:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1613:
1605:
1601:
1581:
1554:
1515:
1511:
1503:
1494:
1470:
1415:William Forwood
1389:
1388:
1372:
1371:
1352:
1317:
1309:
1296:
1291:
1234:
1226:
1213:
1208:
1151:
1143:
1130:
1125:
1083:
1075:
1062:
1057:
1045:Liverpool Docks
1005:
992:
980:
973:
966:
944:
922:
900:
878:
856:
834:
812:
790:
768:
746:
724:
702:
680:
658:
636:
614:
592:
570:
548:
541:
534:
523:
507:
506:
499:
498:
489:
482:
481:
480:
471:
470:
469:
456:
440:
418:
399:
388:
372:
363:
362:
358:
329:
308:
303:
257:
219:Liverpool Docks
178:
163:
156:
152:
149:
147:
146:4 ft
145:
141:
90:
88:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3646:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3495:Brunswick Dock
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3450:Huskisson Dock
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3430:Alexandra Dock
3427:
3425:Gladstone Dock
3422:
3420:Seaforth Sands
3416:
3414:
3410:
3409:
3402:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3366:
3364:Map (to scale)
3361:
3356:
3346:
3339:
3338:External links
3336:
3334:
3333:
3331:978-0993552410
3317:
3300:
3294:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3262:
3241:
3235:
3218:
3212:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3164:
3138:
3113:
3101:
3089:
3077:
3065:
3053:
3040:Board of Trade
3020:
3005:
2969:
2947:
2936:. 24 July 2012
2934:Liverpool echo
2921:
2896:
2884:
2872:
2860:
2845:
2840:Liverpool Echo
2827:
2815:
2803:
2784:
2772:
2765:
2742:
2727:
2715:
2703:
2698:Liverpool Echo
2688:
2676:
2664:
2638:
2626:
2621:Liverpool Echo
2611:
2596:
2584:
2569:
2562:
2544:
2526:
2514:
2497:
2482:
2475:
2457:
2452:Liverpool Echo
2442:
2437:Liverpool Echo
2420:
2403:
2391:
2376:
2361:
2349:
2331:
2316:
2301:
2286:
2274:
2262:
2250:
2243:
2216:
2199:Liverpool Echo
2186:
2179:
2161:
2154:
2129:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2053:
2050:
2037:Terence Davies
2004:
2001:
1938:Main article:
1935:
1932:
1913:Huskisson Dock
1905:
1902:
1872:. c. lxxxii).
1852:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1786:
1776:
1744:Dingle station
1732:
1729:
1686:Seaforth Sands
1682:Alexandra Dock
1678:Gladstone Dock
1658:Grand National
1632:am until 11:33
1580:
1577:
1567:Seaforth Sands
1559:Liverpool Echo
1544:Earl of Lathom
1504:
1502:
1499:
1487:Alexandra Dock
1430:standard gauge
1401:Engineers Sir
1383:Board of Trade
1361:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1337:
1336:
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1179:10 August 1882
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927:
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923:
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914:
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906:
905:
903:
901:
894:
892:
890:
888:Brunswick Dock
884:
883:
881:
879:
872:
870:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
850:
848:
846:
840:
839:
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730:
729:
727:
725:
718:
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714:
708:
707:
705:
703:
696:
694:
692:
690:Huskisson Dock
686:
685:
683:
681:
674:
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670:
664:
663:
661:
659:
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650:
648:
642:
641:
639:
637:
630:
628:
626:
620:
619:
617:
615:
608:
606:
604:
602:Alexandra Dock
598:
597:
595:
593:
586:
584:
582:
580:Gladstone Dock
576:
575:
573:
571:
564:
562:
560:
558:Seaforth Sands
554:
553:
551:
549:
542:
535:
528:
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405:
404:
402:
400:
393:
391:
389:
381:
374:
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368:
365:
364:
360:
359:
357:
356:
349:
342:
334:
328:
325:
307:
304:
302:
299:
238:Alexandra Dock
193:
192:
189:
188:
180:
179:
177:Geographic map
176:
169:
168:
165:standard gauge
139:
133:
132:
129:
125:
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121:
117:
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112:
111:
108:
104:
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100:
96:
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68:
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62:
58:
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45:
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40:
39:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3645:
3634:
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3579:
3576:
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3571:
3570:
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3553:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3545:Rolling stock
3543:
3537:
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3529:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3508:
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3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3465:Clarence Dock
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
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3328:
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3310:
3306:
3301:
3297:
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3287:
3283:
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3265:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3242:
3238:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3215:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3195:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3168:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3127:
3123:
3117:
3111:, p. 26.
3110:
3109:Welbourn 2008
3105:
3099:, p. 32.
3098:
3093:
3087:, p. 31.
3086:
3081:
3075:, p. 34.
3074:
3069:
3063:, p. 29.
3062:
3057:
3041:
3037:
3030:
3024:
3017:
3012:
3010:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2981:
2973:
2957:
2951:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2910:
2906:
2900:
2894:, p. 34.
2893:
2892:Welbourn 2008
2888:
2881:
2876:
2870:, p. 72.
2869:
2864:
2856:
2849:
2841:
2834:
2832:
2825:, p. 70.
2824:
2819:
2813:, p. 69.
2812:
2807:
2801:, p. 32.
2800:
2799:Welbourn 2008
2795:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2781:
2780:Welbourn 2008
2776:
2768:
2762:
2758:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2739:
2738:Welbourn 2008
2734:
2732:
2725:, p. 25.
2724:
2723:Welbourn 2008
2719:
2713:, p. 20.
2712:
2711:Welbourn 2008
2707:
2699:
2692:
2686:, p. 74.
2685:
2680:
2673:
2672:Welbourn 2008
2668:
2652:
2645:
2643:
2635:
2630:
2622:
2615:
2609:, p. 23.
2608:
2603:
2601:
2594:, p. 31.
2593:
2592:Welbourn 2008
2588:
2582:, p. 24.
2581:
2580:Welbourn 2008
2576:
2574:
2565:
2559:
2555:
2554:Liverpool 800
2548:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2523:
2518:
2510:
2509:
2501:
2493:
2486:
2478:
2472:
2468:
2467:Liverpool 800
2461:
2453:
2446:
2438:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2418:, p. 30.
2417:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2400:
2395:
2389:, p. 21.
2388:
2383:
2381:
2373:
2368:
2366:
2358:
2353:
2345:
2341:
2335:
2329:, p. 19.
2328:
2327:Welbourn 2008
2323:
2321:
2314:, p. 19.
2313:
2308:
2306:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2283:
2278:
2272:, p. 12.
2271:
2266:
2260:, p. 11.
2259:
2254:
2246:
2240:
2236:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2182:
2180:9781909914247
2176:
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2033:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1982:coal merchant
1979:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1941:
1934:Rolling stock
1931:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1909:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1877:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1859:
1850:
1846:
1843:2 August 1956
1842:
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1445:Langton Docks
1442:
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836:
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819:
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805:
803:
801:
797:
792:
783:
781:
779:
775:
770:
761:
759:
757:
756:Clarence Dock
753:
748:
739:
737:
735:
731:
726:
717:
715:
713:
709:
704:
695:
693:
691:
687:
682:
673:
671:
669:
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629:
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621:
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367:
366:
355:
350:
348:
343:
341:
336:
335:
333:
332:
324:
321:
317:
313:
312:overhead line
294:
290:
288:
284:
283:commuter rail
280:
279:rapid transit
275:
273:
268:
266:
263:
255:
251:
248:and north to
247:
243:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
186:
182:
181:
175:
174:
170:
166:
142:1,435 mm
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
86:
82:
77:
73:
69:
66:
63:
59:
54:
50:
48:Other name(s)
46:
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3500:Toxteth Dock
3490:Wapping Dock
3480:James Street
3470:Princes Dock
3435:Langton Dock
3405:
3321:
3304:
3281:
3245:
3222:
3199:
3191:Bibliography
3180:the original
3174:
3167:
3155:. Retrieved
3151:
3141:
3129:. Retrieved
3116:
3104:
3092:
3080:
3068:
3056:
3044:. Retrieved
3035:
3023:
2996:. Retrieved
2992:the original
2985:
2979:
2972:
2960:. Retrieved
2950:
2938:. Retrieved
2933:
2924:
2912:. Retrieved
2908:
2899:
2887:
2882:, p. 8.
2875:
2863:
2854:
2848:
2839:
2818:
2806:
2782:, p. 3.
2775:
2756:
2740:, p. 5.
2718:
2706:
2697:
2691:
2679:
2674:, p. 7.
2667:
2655:. Retrieved
2629:
2620:
2614:
2587:
2553:
2547:
2538:
2529:
2517:
2507:
2500:
2491:
2485:
2466:
2460:
2451:
2445:
2436:
2394:
2374:, p. 7.
2352:
2343:
2334:
2277:
2265:
2253:
2234:
2207:. Retrieved
2198:
2189:
2170:
2164:
2145:
2121:
2116:
2092:
2041:
2030:
2027:Jean Simmons
2020:
2014:
2008:
2006:
1990:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1925:
1921:
1910:
1907:
1886:
1882:
1861:
1855:
1839:Royal assent
1760:
1753:
1749:
1725:
1720:nationalised
1717:
1710:
1675:
1670:Westinghouse
1666:
1646:
1618:
1598:
1582:
1564:
1552:
1528:
1510:
1506:
1484:
1468:
1453:
1434:
1426:wrought iron
1423:
1400:
1387:
1370:
1364:
1262:19 July 1887
1258:Royal assent
1175:Royal assent
1111:22 July 1878
1107:Royal assent
1053:
1042:
910:Toxteth Dock
866:Wapping Dock
822:James Street
778:Princes Dock
624:Langton Dock
517:
450:
382:
309:
276:
269:
262:nationalised
235:
206:
202:
198:
196:
18:
3460:Nelson Dock
3455:Sandon Dock
3445:Canada Dock
2880:Bolger 2007
2684:Bolger 2007
2372:Bolger 2007
1930:collapsed.
1828:. c. lxxxii
1702:Hunts Cross
1694:St Michaels
1548:Lord Kelvin
1403:Douglas Fox
1341:Repealed by
1273:Repealed by
1190:Repealed by
734:Nelson Dock
712:Sandon Dock
668:Canada Dock
137:Track gauge
120:Line length
71:Operator(s)
3567:Categories
3227:Birkenhead
3097:Gahan 1982
3085:Gahan 1982
3073:Gahan 1982
3061:Gahan 1982
3016:Gahan 1982
2868:Gahan 1982
2823:Gahan 1982
2811:Gahan 1982
2766:0117011886
2634:Gahan 1982
2607:Gahan 1982
2563:1846310342
2522:Gahan 1982
2476:1846310342
2416:Gahan 1982
2399:Gahan 1982
2387:Gahan 1982
2357:Gahan 1982
2312:Gahan 1982
2297:Gahan 1982
2282:Gahan 1982
2270:Gahan 1982
2258:Gahan 1982
2244:0711024685
2155:1853068691
2079:References
2046:Anson Dyer
2016:The Magnet
2010:Waterfront
1986:Birkenhead
1904:Demolition
1810:Long title
1680:, between
1464:switchback
1096:c. cxcviii
993:(original)
316:third rail
287:Merseyrail
107:Demolished
91:1893-03-06
3475:Pier Head
3313:867799954
3286:Liverpool
3204:Liverpool
2980:reprinted
2914:13 August
2209:15 August
2108:Footnotes
2100:(scouse).
1815:purposes.
1706:Southport
1654:Southport
1579:Operation
1523:cap badge
1437:Brunswick
1247:c. cxxxix
1049:omnibuses
800:Pier Head
385:Southport
215:Liverpool
209:) was an
115:Technical
3413:Stations
2962:14 April
2203:Archived
2052:See also
1976:for the
1821:Citation
1557:am. The
1398:c. cx).
1323:Citation
1240:Citation
1157:Citation
1089:Citation
306:Toponymy
272:viaducts
160: in
43:Overview
3485:Canning
3351:at the
3157:27 July
3131:28 June
3046:28 June
2998:28 June
2940:24 July
2657:27 July
1970:0-4-0WT
1731:Closure
1612:, and 9
1562:buses.
1501:Opening
1411:railway
1164:c. cciv
844:Canning
453:Aintree
301:History
265:in 1948
155:⁄
89: (
79:History
56:Service
3519:People
3510:Dingle
3329:
3311:
3292:
3260:
3233:
3210:
2763:
2560:
2473:
2344:To-Day
2241:
2177:
2152:
1974:Kitson
1928:Dingle
1766:, the
1740:Tunnel
1698:Sefton
1634:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1614:
1606:
1602:
1572:Dingle
1555:
1495:
1473:volts
1471:
1441:Sandon
954:Dingle
370:Legend
320:Dingle
258:
246:Dingle
99:Closed
84:Opened
3032:(PDF)
2084:Notes
1833:Dates
1330:c. cx
1252:Dates
1169:Dates
1101:Dates
3327:ISBN
3309:OCLC
3290:ISBN
3258:ISBN
3231:ISBN
3208:ISBN
3159:2013
3133:2012
3048:2012
3000:2012
2964:2017
2942:2012
2916:2015
2761:ISBN
2659:2013
2558:ISBN
2471:ISBN
2239:ISBN
2211:2020
2175:ISBN
2150:ISBN
2013:and
2003:Film
1896:to 1
1770:and
1742:for
1684:and
1534:the
1489:and
1443:and
1405:and
281:and
207:Ovee
197:The
61:Type
2044:by
1984:in
1704:to
1692:to
1454:At
518:to
451:to
383:to
240:to
213:in
205:or
3569::
3284:.
3256:.
3252::
3248:.
3225:.
3202:.
3150:.
3124:.
3038:.
3034:.
3008:^
2984:.
2982:)"
2932:.
2907:.
2830:^
2787:^
2745:^
2730:^
2641:^
2599:^
2572:^
2537:.
2423:^
2406:^
2379:^
2364:^
2342:.
2319:^
2304:^
2289:^
2219:^
2197:.
2132:^
2048:.
1999:.
1624:10
1600:18
1546:,
1521:A
1475:DC
1466:.
1439:,
267:.
233:.
162:)
3398:e
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3384:v
3315:.
3298:.
3266:.
3239:.
3216:.
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3050:.
3002:.
2966:.
2944:.
2918:.
2842:.
2769:.
2661:.
2566:.
2479:.
2247:.
2213:.
2183:.
2158:.
1898:s
1894:d
1892:8
1868:(
1756:d
1394:(
1377:(
353:e
346:t
339:v
157:2
153:1
150:+
148:8
144:(
131:2
93:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
