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warned Los
Angeles that they could lose rights to the water they were permitted for but not appropriating. Faced with the possible loss of future water supply, Los Angeles began the five-year construction of the aqueduct in 1965 at a cost US$ 89 million. Once the city received diversion permits, water exports jumped in 1970, adding 110,000 AF that year into the aqueduct system. By 1974, exports climbed to 450,000 acre⋅ft (560 million m) per year. Unlike the First Aqueduct which was built entirely by Public Works, the Second Los Angeles Aqueduct was primarily built on contract by various private construction firms including R.A. Wattson Co., Winston Bros., and the Griffith Co. The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power managed the project and performed some finishing construction on the Mojave conduit and Jawbone & Dove Spring pipelines.
748:) per year and peaked at 135,000 acre⋅ft (167 million m) in 1974. Export licenses granted by the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) in 1974 increased exports to 167,000 acre⋅ft (206 million m) per year. These export levels severely impacted the region's fish habitat, lake level, and air quality, which led to a series of lawsuits. The results of the litigation culminated with a SWRCB decision to restore fishery protection (stream) flows to specified minimums, and raise Mono Lake to 6,391 feet (1,948 m) above sea level. The agreement limited further exports from the Mono Basin to 10,000 acre⋅ft (12.3 million m) per year.
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people. The resulting investigation and trial led to the retirement of
William Mulholland as the head of the Los Angeles Bureau of Water Works and Supply in 1929. The dam failure is the worst man-made flood disaster in the US in the 20th century and the second largest single-event loss of life in California history after the
635:" as to whether they were a "diabolical" cabal or only a group that united the Los Angeles business community behind supporting the aqueduct, Eaton, Mulholland and others connected with the project have long been accused of using deceptive tactics and underhanded methods to obtain water rights and block the
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In addition to the construction in the
Northern and Southern sections, improvements were also made to the lined canal between the Alabama Gates and the North Haiwee Reservoir in the Northern Section that consisted of adding 24 in (610 mm) sidewalls to both sides of the canal and the raising
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In 1956, the State
Department of Water Resources reported that Los Angeles was exporting only 320,000 acre-feet (390 million cubic metres) of water of the 590,000 acre⋅ft (730 million m) available in the Owens Valley and Mono Basin. Three years later, the State Water Rights Board
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In 1917, The Bureau of Los
Angeles Aqueduct sought to build a holding reservoir to regulate flow and provide hydroelectric power and storage in case of disruption to the aqueduct system. The initial site chosen was in Long Valley along the Owens River, but Eaton, who had bought up much of the valley
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from building water infrastructure for the residents in Owens Valley, and creating a false sense of urgency around the completion of the aqueduct for Los
Angeles residents. By the 1920s, the aggressive pursuit of water rights and the diversion of the Owens River precipitated the outbreak of violence
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The failure of the dam raised the question in a number of people's minds whether the city had engineering competence and capability to manage such a large project as the
Colorado River Aqueduct despite the fact that they had built the Los Angeles Aqueduct. After the collapse, the pace of annexation
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The aqueduct's water provided developers with the resources to quickly develop the San
Fernando Valley and Los Angeles through World War II. Mulholland's role in the vision and completion of the aqueduct and the growth of Los Angeles into a large metropolis is recognized with the William Mulholland
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The
Northern Section carries water starting at the North Haiwee Reservoir through the Haiwee Bypass passing around the South Haiwee Reservoir. The flow then continues 115 miles (185 km) south through a series of pressure pipelines and concrete conduits where it connects with the First Aqueduct
549:, which could produce 1,200 barrels of Portland cement per day. Regrinding mills were also built and operated by the city at the tufa quarries. To move 14 million ton-miles of freight, the city contracted with Southern Pacific to build a 118 mile long rail system from the Monolith mills to Olancha.
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The increased flows provided by the second aqueduct lasted only from 1971 through 1988. In 1974 the environmental consequences of the higher exports were first being recognized in the Mono Basin and Owens Valley. This was followed by a series of court ordered restrictions imposed on water exports,
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Completed in 1940, diversions began in 1941. The Mono
Extension has a design capacity of 400 cu ft/s (11,000 L/s) of flow to the aqueduct. However, the flow was limited to 123 cu ft/s (3,500 L/s) due to the limited downstream capacity of the Los Angeles Aqueduct. Full
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was completed in 1926 and created a reservoir capacity of 38,000 acre-feet (47,000,000 m). On March 12, 1928, the dam catastrophically failed, sending a 100-foot high (30 m) wall of water down the canyon, ultimately reaching the Pacific Ocean near Ventura and Oxnard, and killing at least 431
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The original project consisted of 24 mi (39 km) of open unlined canal, 37 mi (60 km) of lined open canal, 97 mi (156 km) of covered concrete conduit, 43 mi (69 km) of concrete tunnels, 12.00 mi (19.31 km) steel siphons, 120 mi (190 km) of
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From 1909 to 1928, the city of Los Angeles grew from 61 square miles to 440 square miles. This was due largely to the aqueduct, and the city's charter which stated that the City of Los Angeles could not sell or provide surplus water to any area outside the city. Outlying areas relied on wells and
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The San Francisquito Tunnels (which include the Elizabeth Tunnel) have a flow capacity of 1,000 cu ft/s (28,000 L/s) and are large enough to handle the flow of both aqueducts. Once the combined flow reaches the penstocks above Power Plant #2, water is diverted into the Southern
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The number of men who were on the payroll the first year was 2,629 and this number peaked at 6,060 in May 1909. In 1910, employment dropped to 1,150 due to financial reasons but rebounded later in the year. In 1911 and 1912, employment ranged from 2,800 to 3,800 workers. The number of laborers
720:. The construction of the Mono extension consisted of an intake at Lee Vining Creek, the Lee Vining conduit to the Grant Reservoir on Rush Creek, which would have a capacity of 48,000 acre⋅ft (59,000,000 m), the 12.7 mi (20.4 km) Mono Craters Tunnel to the
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The Second Aqueduct was not built as a single contiguous conduit. For design and construction purposes the aqueduct was divided into Northern and Southern sections and the two are connected by the San Francisquito Tunnels, which are part of the First Aqueduct.
778:, and runs roughly parallel to the first aqueduct. Water flows entirely by gravity from an elevation of 3,760 feet (1,150 m) at the Haiwee Reservoir through two power drops to an elevation of 1,200 ft (370 m) at the Upper Van Norman Reservoir.
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plants, three cement plants, 170 mi (270 km) of power lines, 240 mi (390 km) of telephone line, 500 mi (800 km) of roads and was later expanded with the construction of the Mono Extension and the Second Los Angeles Aqueduct.
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that would impound water creating the San Francisquito Reservoir, filed for additional water from the Colorado River, and began sending engineers and miners to clear the heading at the San Jacinto Tunnel that he knew was key to the construction of the
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creeks for water and, as they dried up, the people in those areas realized that if they were going to be able to continue irrigating their farms and provide themselves domestic water, they would have to annex themselves to the City of Los Angeles.
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as a viable farming community. Clauses in the city's charter originally stated that the city could not sell or provide surplus water to any area outside the city, forcing adjacent communities to annex themselves into Los Angeles.
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before it enters Magazine Canyon near the Terminal structure and Cascades. Water from the Terminal structure can then flow to either the Cascade or penstock to the Foothill Power Plant and into the Upper Van Norman Reservoir.
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which resulted in Los Angeles losing water. In 2005, the Los Angeles Urban Water Management Report reported that 40–50% of the aqueduct's historical supply is now devoted to ecological resources in Mono and Inyo counties.
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The 137-mile-long (220 km) aqueduct was designed to flow 290 cu ft/s (8,200 L/s) and begins at the Merritt Diversion Structure at the junction of the North and South Haiwee Reservoirs, south of
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in 1926 to provide storage in case of disruption to the system. The dam's collapse two years later killed at least 431 people, halted the rapid pace of annexation, and eventually led to the formation of the
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Growth was so rapid that it appeared as if the city of Los Angeles would eventually assume the size of the entire county. William Mulholland continued adding capacity to the aqueduct, building the
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came to a rapid halt when eleven nearby cities including Burbank, Glendale, Pasadena, Beverly Hills, San Marino, Santa Monica, Anaheim, Colton, Santa Ana, and San Bernardino decided to form the
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The Cascades, which was completed on November 5, 1913, is located near the intersection of Foothill Boulevard and Balboa Boulevard, four miles northwest of San Fernando. It was designated as a
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648:. The lake has never been refilled, and is now maintained with a minimum level of surface water to prevent the introduction of dangerous, toxic lake-floor dust into the local community.
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The aqueduct as originally constructed consisted of six storage reservoirs and 215 mi (346 km) of conduit. Beginning 3.5 mi (5.6 km) north of Blackrock (
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allegedly based on inside knowledge that the Los Angeles aqueduct would soon irrigate it and encourage development. Although there is disagreement over the actions of the "
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had not collapsed. The catastrophic failure of the St. Francis Dam in 1928 killed an estimated 431 people, flooded parts of Santa Clarita, and devastated much of the
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in anticipation of the need for a reservoir, refused to sell the land at the price offered by Los Angeles. Mulholland then made the decision to move the reservoir to
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was designed and built by the city's water department, at the time named The Bureau of Los Angeles Aqueduct, under the supervision of the department's Chief Engineer
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of overcrossings. This work increased the capacity of the lined canal from 710 cu ft/s (20,000 L/s) to 900 cu ft/s (25,000 L/s) cfs.
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Los Angeles Aqueduct, From Lee Vining Intake (Mammoth Lakes) to Van Norman Reservoir Complex (San Fernando Valley), Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, CA
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derives the name of its daily newsletter, The Pipeline, from an exposed portion of the first aqueduct that passes southwest of the school's property.
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into an unlined canal to begin its 233 mi (375 km) journey south to the Lower San Fernando Reservoir. This reservoir was later renamed the
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bond for the 'purchase of lands and water and the inauguration of work on the aqueduct'. On June 12, 1907, a second bond was passed with a budget of
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The construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct effectively eliminated the Owens Valley as a viable farming community and eventually devastated the
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The continued operation of the Los Angeles Aqueduct has led to public debate, legislation, and court battles over its environmental impacts on
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The aqueduct uses gravity alone to move the water and also uses the water to generate electricity, which makes it cost-efficient to operate.
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working on the aqueduct at its peak was 3,900. In 1913, the City of Los Angeles completed construction of the first Los Angeles Aqueduct.
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Image of workers making repairs on a damaged section of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in No-Name Canyon, Inyo County vicinity, .
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In an effort to find more water, the city of Los Angeles reached farther north. In 1930, Los Angeles voters passed a third
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with a capacity of 183,465 acre⋅ft (226,301,000 m) in Long Valley at the head of the Owens River Gorge.
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Construction began in 1908 and was divided into eleven divisions. The city acquired three limestone quarries, two
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The aqueduct's construction was controversial from the start, as water diversions to Los Angeles eliminated the
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with Los Angeles. The city's growth following the formation of the MWD would be limited to 27.65 square miles.
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Many more cities and unincorporated areas would likely have annexed into the city of Los Angeles if the
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and fund the Mono Basin extension. The 105 mi (169 km) extension diverted flows from
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1056:. This mill was one of three that the city ran to produce cement for the Los Angeles Aqueduct.
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2563:", 103 photos, 18 measured drawings, 78 data pages, 6 photo caption pages
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1946:
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appropriation of the water could not be met until the second aqueduct was completed in 1970.
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ecosystem. A group labeled the "San Fernando Syndicate" – including Fred Eaton, Mulholland,
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Chart showing water imports through the Los Angeles Aqueduct system from 1913 through 2011.
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Memorial Fountain, built in 1940 at Riverside Drive and Los Feliz Boulevard in Los Feliz.
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Section of the second aqueduct through the Drinkwater Tunnel to the Drinkwater Reservoir.
8:
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Left in the Dust: How Race and Politics Created a Human and Environmental Tragedy in L.A.
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2246:"Memorialization and Memory of Southern California's St. Francis Dam Disaster of 1928"
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Olive Switching Station, 13355 San Fernando Road, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, CA
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Annual Report of the Bureau of the Los Angeles Aqueduct to the Board of Public Works
627:), and other wealthy individuals – were a group of investors who bought land in the
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2036:. The Department of Water and Power, City of Los Angeles. 1971. pp. 257–260.
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The last segment of pipe, known as the Saugus Pipeline, carries water south past
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2349:"DWP Power Plant – Visiting (424) – Huell Howser Archives at Chapman University"
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An updated version of the concrete box construction used on the second aqueduct.
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2021:. The Department of Water and Power, City of Los Angeles. 1971. pp. 83–95.
1837:"Dust deposition downwind of Owens (dry) Lake, 1991-1994: Preliminary findings"
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1676:. The Department of Water and Power, City of Los Angeles. 1971. pp. xvii.
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Smith, Genny; Putnam, Jeff; James, Greg; DeDecker, Mary; Heindel, Jo (1995).
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The aqueduct project began in 1905 when the voters of Los Angeles approved a
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2325:"Saugus High School News and Information – School News – Saugus High School"
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1256:. The Department of Water and Power, City of Los Angeles. 1971. p. 263.
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From 1940 to 1970, water exports through the Mono Extension averaged 57,067
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2007:. The Department of Water and Power, City of Los Angeles. 1971. p. 12.
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2780:", 17 photos, 3 color transparencies, 2 photo caption pages
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Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections,
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Transportation buildings and structures in Los Angeles County, California
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Current map of territories annexed to the city of Los Angeles, California
2084:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. p. ES-8. Archived from
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Department Surveyors plotting topography for Second Los Angeles Aqueduct.
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at the North Portal of the Elizabeth Tunnel near the Fairmont Reservoir.
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1745:"The Los Angeles Aqueduct and the Owens and Mono Lakes (MONO Case #379)"
1602:"Carrying Water Through A Desert: The Story of the Los Angeles Aqueduct"
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Deepest Valley: Guide to Owens Valley, its Roadsides and Mountain Trails
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1493:. Los Angeles Department of Public Service. 1916. pp. 14–17, 271.
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Holt tractors at work during construction of the first aqueduct in 1909
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2808:", 3 photos, 1 color transparency, 1 photo caption page
2801:", 3 photos, 1 color transparency, 1 photo caption page
2787:", 6 photos, 1 color transparency, 1 photo caption page
2053:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. p. 3. Archived from
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Thirsty: William Mullholland, California Water, and the real Chinatown
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above and alongside the new Cascades on the Los Angeles Aqueduct near
656:
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Typical construction view of lined canal and covered concrete conduit.
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The Reluctant Metropolis: The Politics of Urban Growth in Los Angeles
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Map showing territory annexed to the city of Los Angeles, California
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Transportation buildings and structures in Mono County, California
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Transportation buildings and structures in Kern County, California
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Transportation buildings and structures in Inyo County, California
1990:. Summary: The Department of Water and Power. 1971. pp. xvii.
1210:"Feature Detail Report: Los Angeles Aqueduct – Los Angeles County"
489:
The aqueduct's infrastructure also included the completion of the
2546:", 17 photos, 27 data pages, 4 photo caption pages
2138:(Map). City of Los Angeles Bureau of Engineering. Archived from
1514:"Canoga Park at 100: A Brief History of the Birth of Owensmouth"
1655:
Complete Report on the Construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct
1635:
Complete Report on the Construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct
1108:
Pouring concrete for Terminal Structure above the SLAA cascade.
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Forming in place for Terminal Structure above the SLAA cascade.
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Los Angeles Aqueduct, San Fransisquito Power Plant Number Two
716:, Walker Creek, and Parker Creek that would have flowed into
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1646:
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Diversion gates that control inflow to the Lower Owens River
916:
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2443:
Complete Report on Construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct
1690:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. Archived from
1658:. Los Angeles Department of Public Service. 1916. pp.
1638:. Los Angeles Department of Public Service. 1916. pp.
1578:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. Archived from
1530:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. Archived from
1490:
Complete report on construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct
1298:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. Archived from
1273:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. Archived from
1231:"Feature Detail Report: Los Angeles Aqueduct – Kern County"
1189:"Feature Detail Report: Los Angeles Aqueduct – Inyo County"
1005:
Unlined section of the Los Angeles Aqueduct, just south of
545:
quarries and it constructed and operated a cement plant in
542:
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City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Service (1916).
838:
454:, is a water conveyance system, built and operated by the
2363:"California Historical Landmarks By County — Los Angeles"
2298:(Map). Los Angeles Engineering Department. Archived from
1999:
1997:
2112:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. p. 103
1333:
736:
The Mono Extension's impact on Mono Basin and litigation
2365:. State of California – Office of Historic Preservation
2250:
California State University, Northridge Master's Thesis
1994:
1755:(1). American University. January 1997. Archived from
1459:
eleven cities joined metropolitan water district 1928.
1228:
1207:
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19:
For the historical aqueduct of the 19th century, see
1914:. Stanford Economics and Finance. pp. 135–138.
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Water entering the aqueduct at its northern terminus
596:
16:
Water conveyance system in California, United States
4023:
Buildings and structures in the San Fernando Valley
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1132:Finished concrete box on the Los Angeles Aqueduct.
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Intake where water is diverted from the Owens River
4033:Historic American Engineering Record in California
1778:
1716:
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1429:
496:Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
2778:Los Angeles Aqueduct, San Francisquito Number One
2750:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Mojave Headquarters Station
2568:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Lee Vining Intake Structure
1785:. Los Angeles: University of California. p.
1557:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. 1908
1520:
1469:
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1392:
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1376:, The Regents of the University of California, 11
1120:Construction of the Second Los Angeles Aqueduct.
4028:Historic American Buildings Survey in California
3939:
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2195:, The Regents of the University of California, 8
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2652:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Pleasant Valley Reservoir
2638:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Control Gorge Power Plant
1880:. Stanford Economics and Finance. p. 133.
225:Upper Van Norman Lake (Los Angeles Reservoir),
2645:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Aqueduct North of Bishop
2631:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Middle Gorge Power Plant
2011:
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1387:
751:
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2710:", 10 photos, 2 photo caption pages
2624:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Upper Gorge Power Plant
1576:"A Hundred or a Thousand Fold More Important"
864:and Mulholland Dam are both named after him.
520:
2694:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Cottonwood Power Plant
2192:Water For Los Angeles – Sam Nelson Interview
1841:Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
1714:
1710:
1708:
1626:
1373:Water For Los Angeles – Sam Nelson Interview
830:Second aqueduct's impact on the water system
2909:Silver Lake, Angelino Heights and Echo Park
2836:", 4 photos, 1 photo caption page
2829:", 4 photos, 1 photo caption page
2815:", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page
2813:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Fletcher Pump Station
2806:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Garvanza Pump Station
2773:", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page
2766:", 2 photos, 1 photo caption page
2759:", 2 photos, 1 photo caption page
2752:", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page
2703:", 5 photos, 1 photo caption page
2696:", 9 photos, 1 photo caption page
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2668:", 2 photos, 1 photo caption page
2661:", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page
2654:", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page
2647:", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page
2640:", 6 photos, 1 photo caption page
2633:", 4 photos, 1 photo caption page
2626:", 2 photos, 1 photo caption page
2619:", 2 photos, 1 photo caption page
2612:", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page
2570:", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page
2493:UCLA: Los Angeles Aqueduct Digital Platform
2408:
2156:
1680:
1327:
3356:
3342:
2957:
2943:
2864:
2850:
2834:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Silverlake Reservoir
2822:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2794:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2745:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2738:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2731:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2724:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2717:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2701:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Haiwee Dam Reservoir
2673:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Division Power Plant
2659:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Big Pine Power Plant
2605:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2598:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2591:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2584:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2577:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
2411:"An Aqueduct Used as an Emergency Highway"
2026:
1568:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1288:
1229:U.S. Geological Survey (19 January 1981).
1208:U.S. Geological Survey (19 January 1981).
1187:U.S. Geological Survey (19 January 1981).
651:
42:The Second Los Angeles Aqueduct Cascades,
3973:History of Los Angeles County, California
3223:Rancho El Rio de Santa Clara o la Colonia
2820:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Hollywood Reservoir
2799:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Cascades Structures
2764:Los Angeles Aqueduct, California Aqueduct
2582:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Parker Creek Intake
2575:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Walker Creek Intake
2508:LADWP: History page on William Mulholland
2271:(Map). Los Angeles Engineering Department
1966:
1860:
1705:
1420:
1418:
1248:
1246:
917:California Historical Landmark – Cascades
456:Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
317:Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
4053:Hydroelectric power plants in California
2708:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Haiwee Power Plant
2518:The William Mulholland Memorial Fountain
2385:"CHL No. 653 The Cascades – Los Angeles"
2243:
2165:"CityDig: L.A.'s 20th Century Land Grab"
2102:
2071:
1974:"Decision to Amend Water Right Licences"
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1869:
1052:Fairmont Mill ruins on the east side of
792:
755:
655:
587:
4043:Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments
2873:Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments
2771:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Bouquet Reservoir
2617:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Owens River Gorge
2446:. Los Angeles: The Standard Printing Co
2261:
2259:
2215:"A short history of Metropolitan water"
2189:Basiago, Andrew D. (February 7, 1988),
2188:
1909:
1875:
1370:Basiago, Andrew D. (February 7, 1988),
1369:
1352:
1296:"The Story of the Los Angeles Aqueduct"
1265:
1263:
905:and DWP Power House #1 are featured in
839:Influence on Los Angeles and the county
695:
3940:
2743:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Pine Tree Canyon
2610:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Crowley Lake Dam
2457:
2409:Corporation, Bonnier (February 1919).
1834:
1599:
1593:
1424:
1415:
1243:
724:, and a second reservoir, later named
3337:
2938:
2845:
2792:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Tunnel Interior
2757:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Antelope Valley
2729:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Second Aqueduct
2680:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Aqueduct Intake
2534:University of California, Los Angeles
2355:
2040:
1894:
1809:
1803:
1776:
1688:"The Owens Valley Is the Only Source"
1481:
890:
466:. The system delivers water from the
367:422 cu ft/s (11.9 m/s)
4038:Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks
2827:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Mulholland Dam
2589:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Grant Lake Dam
2552:Historic American Engineering Record
2498:Los Angeles Aqueduct Landscape Atlas
2256:
2110:"2010 Urban Water Management Report"
2079:"2005 Urban Water Management Report"
2048:"2005 Urban Water Management Report"
1260:
1222:
1201:
1180:
664:, taken one year before its collapse
373:290 cu ft/s (8.2 m/s)
2687:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Alabama Gates
2462:. Santa Barbara: Crest Publishers.
2377:
2162:
179:Upper Lee Vining Creek, Mono County
13:
3988:History of Mono County, California
3983:History of Inyo County, California
3978:History of the San Fernando Valley
3821:Imperial Solar Energy Center South
3594:Big Creek No. 1, 2, 2A, 3, 4 and 8
3518:Los Esteros Critical Energy Center
3143:Castaic Lake State Recreation Area
2666:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Tinemeha Dam
2596:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Mono Craters
2540:Historic American Buildings Survey
2212:
817:. From there it roughly parallels
14:
4064:
4048:1913 establishments in California
3826:Imperial Solar Energy Center West
2715:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Rose Valley
2530:Charles E. Young Research Library
2477:
2387:. California Historical Landmarks
760:Los Angeles Aqueduct System, 1971
597:Reactions by impacted communities
1835:Reheis, Marith (November 1997).
1723:. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
1607:The National Geographic Magazine
1475:"Political and Legal Chronology"
1125:
1113:
1101:
1089:
1073:
1061:
1045:
1033:
1014:
998:
986:
971:
959:
947:
935:
36:
3887:Solar Energy Generating Systems
3811:Desert Stateline Solar Facility
3513:Huntington Beach Energy Project
3498:Donald Von Raesfeld Power Plant
2603:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Hot Creek
2341:
2317:
2283:
2237:
2206:
2182:
2123:
2034:The Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
2019:The Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
2005:The Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
1988:The Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
1980:
1928:
1828:
1770:
1674:The Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
1512:Nathan Masters (4 April 2012).
1505:
1254:The Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
525:
3806:Centinela Solar Energy Project
3786:California Flats Solar Project
2513:Los Angeles Aqueduct Slideshow
1321:"DWP – Name Change Chronology"
1313:
923:California Historical Landmark
1:
3998:Sierra Nevada (United States)
3791:California Valley Solar Ranch
2722:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Jawbone
2244:Stansell, Ann (August 2014).
2132:Annexation and Detachment Map
1936:"Facts about the LA Aqueduct"
1623:Includes construction photos.
1600:Heinly, Burt A. (July 1910).
1323:. Water and Power Associates.
1169:
690:1906 San Francisco earthquake
142:Haiwee Reservoir, Inyo County
3877:Ivanpah Solar Power Facility
3872:Genesis Solar Energy Project
3423:Puente Hills Energy Recovery
3238:Rancho Santa Paula y Saticoy
3233:Rancho Santa Clara del Norte
2736:Los Angeles Aqueduct, Mojave
1401:. Los Angeles: Vireo Books.
1271:"Los Angeles Aqueduct Facts"
978:The Los Angeles Aqueduct in
565:), the aqueduct diverts the
7:
3917:San Gorgonio Pass Wind Farm
3771:Antelope Valley Solar Ranch
3203:Placerita Canyon State Park
2924:Wilshire and Westlake Areas
2503:Mono Lake Committee Website
1976:. Mono Basin Clearinghouse.
1777:Kahrl, William. L. (1982).
1477:. Mono Basin Clearinghouse.
1137:
1021:The Terminal Structure and
885:Metropolitan Water District
752:Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
452:Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
306:Second Los Angeles Aqueduct
10:
4069:
3831:McCoy Solar Energy Project
3816:Desert Sunlight Solar Farm
3781:Blythe Solar Power Project
3538:Russell City Energy Center
3503:Gateway Generating Station
3173:Los Padres National Forest
3133:California State Route 126
2832:HAER No. CA-298-AM, "
2825:HAER No. CA-298-AL, "
2818:HAER No. CA-298-AK, "
2811:HAER No. CA-298-AJ, "
2804:HAER No. CA-298-AI, "
2797:HAER No. CA-298-AH, "
2790:HAER No. CA-298-AG, "
2783:HAER No. CA-298-AF, "
2776:HAER No. CA-298-AE, "
2769:HAER No. CA-298-AD, "
2762:HAER No. CA-298-AC, "
2755:HAER No. CA-298-AB, "
2748:HAER No. CA-298-AA, "
2542:(HABS) No. CA-2664, "
2023:Includes maps and pictures
928:
768:
667:
600:
571:Lower Van Norman Reservoir
521:First Los Angeles Aqueduct
227:Granada Hills, Los Angeles
18:
3899:
3864:
3841:Panoche Valley Solar Farm
3796:Campo Verde Solar Project
3761:
3754:
3707:
3576:
3567:
3551:
3483:
3452:
3436:
3404:
3375:
3115:
3004:
2973:
2879:
2741:HAER No. CA-298-Z, "
2734:HAER No. CA-298-Y, "
2727:HAER No. CA-298-X, "
2720:HAER No. CA-298-W, "
2713:HAER No. CA-298-V, "
2706:HAER No. CA-298-U, "
2699:HAER No. CA-298-T, "
2692:HAER No. CA-298-S, "
2685:HAER No. CA-298-R, "
2678:HAER No. CA-298-Q, "
2671:HAER No. CA-298-P, "
2664:HAER No. CA-298-O, "
2657:HAER No. CA-298-N, "
2650:HAER No. CA-298-M, "
2643:HAER No. CA-298-L, "
2636:HAER No. CA-298-K, "
2629:HAER No. CA-298-J, "
2622:HAER No. CA-298-I, "
2615:HAER No. CA-298-H, "
2608:HAER No. CA-298-G, "
2601:HAER No. CA-298-F, "
2594:HAER No. CA-298-E, "
2587:HAER No. CA-298-D, "
2580:HAER No. CA-298-C, "
2573:HAER No. CA-298-B, "
2566:HAER No. CA-298-A, "
1397:Weingarten, Marc (2019).
681:Santa Clarita, California
498:to build and operate the
432:
427:
423:
418:
400:
382:
377:
359:
355:137 mi (220 km)
351:
347:233 mi (375 km)
343:
335:
331:419 mi (674 km)
327:
322:
312:
300:
214:
89:
50:
35:
28:
3927:Tehachapi Pass Wind Farm
3533:Moss Landing Power Plant
3444:Argus Cogeneration Plant
3308:Six Flags Magic Mountain
3253:Santa Clara River Valley
2889:East and Northeast Sides
2329:www.sauguscenturions.com
1910:Liebcap, Gary D (2007).
1876:Liebcap, Gary D (2007).
873:Santa Clara River Valley
704:bond to buy land in the
625:Pacific Electric Railway
556:
502:to bring water from the
285:37.756910°N 118.890911°W
265:Owens River, Mono County
248:34.312860°N 118.492988°W
199:37.936151°N 119.134426°W
162:36.182600°N 117.958470°W
124:36.975678°N 118.210541°W
3953:Aqueducts in California
3922:Shiloh Wind Power Plant
3912:Altamont Pass Wind Farm
3907:Alta Wind Energy Center
3634:Mammoth Pool Powerhouse
3268:San Francisquito Canyon
3248:Santa Clara River Trail
3123:Angeles National Forest
2559:HAER No. CA-298, "
1154:Colorado River Aqueduct
1144:American Water Landmark
903:San Francisquito Canyon
854:Colorado River Aqueduct
677:San Francisquito Canyon
652:St. Francis Dam failure
500:Colorado River Aqueduct
442:system, comprising the
339:12 ft (3.7 m)
3968:History of Los Angeles
3801:Catalina Solar Project
3679:San Francisquito No. 1
3493:Alamitos Energy Center
3428:Sunshine Gas Producers
3298:Sierra Madre Mountains
3283:Santa Susana Mountains
2991:San Francisquito Creek
2219:Orange County Register
1954:Cite journal requires
1941:. Mono Lake Committee.
1912:Owens Valley Revisited
1878:Owens Valley Revisited
1082:Ridgecrest, California
1080:Shangri-La Estates in
798:
761:
665:
615:(the publisher of The
593:
538:to fund construction.
517:and other ecosystems.
290:37.756910; -118.890911
253:34.312860; -118.492988
204:37.936151; -119.134426
167:36.182600; -117.958470
129:36.975678; -118.210541
3694:White Rock Powerhouse
3523:Metcalf Energy Center
3278:San Gabriel Mountains
3263:San Emigdio Mountains
3188:Mint Canyon Formation
2458:Nadeau, Remi (1993).
1715:Piper, Karen (2006).
1436:. JHU Press. p.
1338:. Genny Smith Books.
1009:, near US Highway 395
796:
759:
659:
642:California water wars
637:Bureau of Reclamation
623:(an executive of the
603:California Water Wars
591:
448:Owens Valley aqueduct
352:Second section length
3948:Los Angeles Aqueduct
3882:Mojave Solar Project
3851:Springbok Solar Farm
3776:Beacon Solar Project
3644:New Bullards Bar Dam
3629:Loon Lake Powerhouse
3258:Santa Clarita Valley
3228:Rancho San Francisco
3168:Los Angeles Aqueduct
3148:Dry Canyon Reservoir
2884:Downtown Los Angeles
2554:(HAER) documentation
2486:Los Angeles Aqueduct
2169:Los Angeles Magazine
1847:(D22): 25999–26008.
1812:Rivers in the Desert
696:Mono Basin Extension
577:railroad track, two
547:Monolith, California
444:Los Angeles Aqueduct
440:Los Angeles Aqueduct
344:First section length
304:Los Angeles Aqueduct
74:36.9756°N 118.2103°W
30:Los Angeles Aqueduct
3963:Water in California
3958:Interbasin transfer
3742:William R. Gianelli
3639:Moccasin Powerhouse
3604:Caribou No. 1 and 2
3508:Glenarm Power Plant
3303:Sierra Pelona Ridge
3178:McGrath State Beach
2904:San Fernando Valley
2225:on October 29, 2013
1853:1997JGR...10225999R
1159:State Water Project
1149:California Aqueduct
629:San Fernando Valley
458:. The Owens Valley
281: /
244: /
195: /
158: /
120: /
70: /
3836:Mount Signal Solar
3619:Jaybird Powerhouse
3318:Topatopa Mountains
2351:. 28 October 1996.
1810:Davis, ML (1993).
925:on July 28, 1958.
897:Saugus High School
891:In popular culture
799:
762:
679:above what is now
666:
594:
508:Los Angeles County
464:William Mulholland
383:Construction start
79:36.9756; -118.2103
3935:
3934:
3895:
3894:
3750:
3749:
3654:New Exchequer Dam
3649:New Don Pedro Dam
3599:Camino Powerhouse
3589:Belden Powerhouse
3331:
3330:
3288:Saticoy Oil Field
3128:Bouquet Reservoir
2966:Santa Clara River
2932:
2931:
2914:South Los Angeles
2526:Los Angeles Times
2484:LADWP: official
2460:The Water Seekers
1862:10.1029/97JD01967
907:Visiting... with
744:(70 million
617:Los Angeles Times
436:
435:
4060:
3856:Topaz Solar Farm
3759:
3758:
3699:William E. Warne
3584:Balch Powerhouse
3574:
3573:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3335:
3334:
3293:Sespe Wilderness
3032:Castaic Junction
2959:
2952:
2945:
2936:
2935:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2843:
2842:
2473:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2305:on March 1, 2017
2304:
2297:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2263:
2254:
2253:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2221:. Archived from
2210:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2137:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2090:
2083:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2052:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2030:
2024:
2022:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2001:
1992:
1991:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1957:
1952:
1950:
1942:
1940:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1907:
1892:
1891:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1784:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1749:TED Case Studies
1741:
1735:
1734:
1722:
1712:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1630:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1471:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1435:
1422:
1413:
1412:
1394:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1367:
1350:
1349:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1267:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1184:
1129:
1117:
1105:
1093:
1077:
1065:
1049:
1037:
1018:
1002:
990:
975:
963:
951:
939:
862:Mulholland Drive
811:Placerita Canyon
714:Lee Vining Creek
703:
702:US$ 38.8 million
683:. The resulting
621:Henry Huntington
537:
536:US$ 24.5 million
533:
296:
295:
293:
292:
291:
286:
282:
279:
278:
277:
274:
259:
258:
256:
255:
254:
249:
245:
242:
241:
240:
237:
210:
209:
207:
206:
205:
200:
196:
193:
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191:
188:
173:
172:
170:
169:
168:
163:
159:
156:
155:
154:
151:
136:
135:
134:
132:
131:
130:
125:
121:
118:
117:
116:
113:
85:
84:
82:
81:
80:
75:
71:
68:
67:
66:
63:
40:
26:
25:
4068:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4057:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3931:
3891:
3860:
3746:
3709:
3703:
3659:New Melones Dam
3569:
3563:
3547:
3485:
3479:
3470:Imperial Valley
3448:
3432:
3406:
3400:
3396:Elkhorn Battery
3379:
3377:
3371:
3362:
3332:
3327:
3273:St. Francis Dam
3111:
3092:Stevenson Ranch
3000:
2969:
2963:
2933:
2928:
2875:
2870:
2840:
2839:
2555:
2480:
2470:
2449:
2447:
2431:
2429:
2415:Popular Science
2403:Further reading
2400:
2390:
2388:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2368:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2333:
2331:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2272:
2265:
2264:
2257:
2242:
2238:
2228:
2226:
2213:Joseph, Brian.
2211:
2207:
2198:
2196:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2163:Creason, Glen.
2161:
2157:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2115:
2113:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2003:
2002:
1995:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1955:
1953:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1922:
1908:
1895:
1888:
1874:
1870:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1781:Water and Power
1775:
1771:
1762:
1760:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1731:
1713:
1706:
1697:
1695:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1672:
1671:
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1652:
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1647:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1617:
1615:
1598:
1594:
1585:
1583:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1560:
1558:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1537:
1535:
1528:"World Records"
1526:
1525:
1521:
1510:
1506:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1426:Fulton, William
1423:
1416:
1409:
1395:
1388:
1379:
1377:
1368:
1353:
1346:
1332:
1328:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1305:
1303:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1280:
1278:
1269:
1268:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1244:
1235:
1233:
1227:
1223:
1214:
1212:
1206:
1202:
1193:
1191:
1185:
1181:
1172:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1121:
1118:
1109:
1106:
1097:
1094:
1085:
1078:
1069:
1066:
1057:
1050:
1041:
1038:
1029:
1019:
1010:
1003:
994:
991:
982:
980:Antelope Valley
976:
967:
964:
955:
952:
943:
940:
931:
919:
893:
869:St. Francis Dam
849:St. Francis Dam
841:
832:
813:in the city of
771:
754:
738:
701:
698:
685:St. Francis Dam
672:
670:St. Francis Dam
662:St. Francis Dam
660:A photo of the
654:
605:
599:
559:
535:
532:US$ 1.5 million
531:
528:
523:
491:St. Francis Dam
470:in the eastern
413:
411:Second Aqueduct
409:
407:
395:
393:Second Aqueduct
391:
389:
372:
370:Second Aqueduct
368:
366:
323:Characteristics
307:
305:
289:
287:
283:
280:
275:
272:
270:
268:
267:
266:
264:
260:
252:
250:
246:
243:
238:
235:
233:
231:
230:
229:
224:
222:Second Aqueduct
203:
201:
197:
194:
189:
186:
184:
182:
181:
180:
178:
174:
166:
164:
160:
157:
152:
149:
147:
145:
144:
143:
141:
139:Second Aqueduct
137:
128:
126:
122:
119:
114:
111:
109:
107:
106:
105:
104:
96:
78:
76:
72:
69:
64:
61:
59:
57:
56:
46:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4066:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3868:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3767:
3765:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3713:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3580:
3578:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3555:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3489:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3456:
3454:
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3447:
3446:
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3438:
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3433:
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3430:
3425:
3420:
3414:
3412:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3373:
3372:
3365:Power stations
3361:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3338:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3313:Soledad Canyon
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3218:Rancho Camulos
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3153:Elizabeth Lake
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3042:Elizabeth Lake
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2962:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2939:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2846:
2838:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2537:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2479:
2478:External links
2476:
2475:
2474:
2468:
2455:
2437:
2399:
2398:
2376:
2354:
2340:
2316:
2282:
2255:
2236:
2205:
2181:
2155:
2122:
2101:
2070:
2039:
2025:
2010:
1993:
1979:
1965:
1956:|journal=
1927:
1921:978-0804753807
1920:
1893:
1887:978-0804753807
1886:
1868:
1827:
1821:978-1585861378
1820:
1802:
1795:
1769:
1736:
1730:97-81403969316
1729:
1704:
1679:
1665:
1645:
1625:
1592:
1567:
1544:
1519:
1504:
1480:
1463:
1447:978-0801865060
1446:
1428:(2001-08-09).
1414:
1408:978-1942600022
1407:
1386:
1351:
1345:978-0931378140
1344:
1326:
1312:
1287:
1259:
1242:
1221:
1200:
1178:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1124:
1122:
1119:
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1110:
1107:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1088:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1060:
1058:
1054:Fairmont Butte
1051:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1032:
1030:
1020:
1013:
1011:
1004:
997:
995:
992:
985:
983:
977:
970:
968:
965:
958:
956:
953:
946:
944:
941:
934:
930:
927:
918:
915:
914:
913:
900:
892:
889:
877:Ventura County
840:
837:
831:
828:
819:Sierra Highway
807:Soledad Canyon
803:Bouquet Canyon
770:
767:
753:
750:
737:
734:
697:
694:
668:Main article:
653:
650:
601:Main article:
598:
595:
558:
555:
527:
524:
522:
519:
504:Colorado River
434:
433:
430:
429:
425:
424:
421:
420:
416:
415:
405:First Aqueduct
402:
398:
397:
396:September 1965
387:First Aqueduct
384:
380:
379:
375:
374:
364:First Aqueduct
361:
357:
356:
353:
349:
348:
345:
341:
340:
337:
333:
332:
329:
325:
324:
320:
319:
314:
310:
309:
308:Mono Extension
302:
298:
297:
262:Mono Extension
216:
212:
211:
176:Mono Extension
94:First Aqueduct
91:
87:
86:
54:
48:
47:
41:
33:
32:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4065:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3898:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3727:J.S. Eastwood
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3706:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3674:Pine Flat Dam
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3572:
3566:
3560:
3559:Diablo Canyon
3557:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3528:Midway Sunset
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3482:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3435:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3418:Hyperion DGUP
3416:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3403:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3391:Beacon BESS 1
3389:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3359:
3354:
3352:
3347:
3345:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3324:
3323:Vasquez Rocks
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3077:Santa Clarita
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2981:Castaic Creek
2979:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2967:
2960:
2955:
2953:
2948:
2946:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2867:
2862:
2860:
2855:
2853:
2848:
2847:
2844:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2761:
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2744:
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2733:
2730:
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2716:
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2709:
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2702:
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2695:
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2677:
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2649:
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2639:
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2621:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2593:
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2583:
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2569:
2565:
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2558:
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2527:
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2519:
2516:
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2506:
2504:
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2380:
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2326:
2320:
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2294:
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2270:
2269:
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2260:
2251:
2247:
2240:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2209:
2194:
2193:
2185:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2145:on 2017-03-01
2141:
2134:
2133:
2126:
2111:
2105:
2091:on 2013-10-29
2087:
2080:
2074:
2060:on 2013-10-29
2056:
2049:
2043:
2035:
2029:
2020:
2014:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1989:
1983:
1975:
1969:
1961:
1948:
1937:
1931:
1923:
1917:
1913:
1906:
1904:
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1838:
1831:
1823:
1817:
1813:
1806:
1798:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1773:
1759:on 1997-04-03
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1732:
1726:
1721:
1720:
1711:
1709:
1694:on 2009-02-23
1693:
1689:
1683:
1675:
1669:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1649:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1603:
1596:
1582:on 2009-02-23
1581:
1577:
1571:
1556:
1555:
1548:
1534:on 2014-05-12
1533:
1529:
1523:
1515:
1508:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1484:
1476:
1470:
1468:
1460:
1449:
1443:
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1427:
1421:
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1410:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1391:
1375:
1374:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1347:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1322:
1316:
1302:on 2009-02-01
1301:
1297:
1291:
1277:on 2013-01-21
1276:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1255:
1249:
1247:
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1211:
1204:
1190:
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1177:
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1128:
1123:
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904:
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895:
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886:
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878:
874:
870:
865:
863:
857:
855:
850:
845:
836:
827:
823:
820:
816:
815:Santa Clarita
812:
808:
804:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
777:
766:
758:
749:
747:
743:
733:
729:
727:
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719:
715:
711:
707:
693:
691:
686:
682:
678:
671:
663:
658:
649:
647:
643:
640:known as the
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
613:Harrison Otis
610:
604:
590:
586:
583:
580:
579:hydroelectric
574:
572:
568:
564:
554:
550:
548:
544:
539:
518:
516:
511:
509:
505:
501:
497:
492:
487:
484:
479:
477:
474:mountains to
473:
472:Sierra Nevada
469:
465:
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408:November 1913
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27:
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3993:Owens Valley
3678:
3664:Oroville Dam
3609:Devil Canyon
3577:Conventional
3243:Rancho Sespe
3213:Pyramid Lake
3198:Oxnard Plain
3167:
3138:Castaic Lake
3052:Green Valley
2485:
2459:
2448:. Retrieved
2442:
2430:. Retrieved
2418:
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2055:the original
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2004:
1987:
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1968:
1947:cite journal
1930:
1911:
1877:
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1614:(7): 568–596
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1182:
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1027:Newhall Pass
920:
912:Episode 424.
909:Huell Howser
906:
881:
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842:
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824:
800:
788:
784:
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772:
763:
746:cubic meters
739:
730:
726:Crowley Lake
699:
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584:
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560:
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540:
529:
526:Construction
512:
488:
483:Owens Valley
480:
451:
447:
443:
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437:
410:
404:
392:
390:October 1908
386:
369:
363:
328:Total length
261:
221:
218:
175:
138:
93:
3689:Trinity Dam
3624:Keswick Dam
3465:The Geysers
3208:Pyramid Dam
3183:Mentryville
3158:Hughes Lake
3082:Santa Paula
3072:Sand Canyon
3057:Lake Hughes
3005:Communities
2996:Sespe Creek
2974:Tributaries
2894:Harbor Area
1814:. e-reads.
722:Owens River
567:Owens River
563:Inyo County
476:Los Angeles
468:Owens River
288: /
276:118°53′27″W
251: /
239:118°29′35″W
219:First &
202: /
190:119°08′04″W
165: /
153:117°57′30″W
127: /
115:118°12′38″W
102:Inyo County
98:Owens River
77: /
65:118°12′37″W
52:Coordinates
21:Zanja Madre
3942:Categories
3846:Solar Star
3737:Thermalito
3684:Shasta Dam
3669:Parker Dam
3614:Folsom Dam
3453:Geothermal
3369:California
3193:Munz Lakes
3017:Agua Dulce
2986:Piru Creek
2469:096271044X
2450:2009-07-11
2432:2009-03-22
2391:August 28,
2369:August 25,
2334:2021-05-27
2309:October 7,
2275:October 7,
2199:October 7,
2149:2013-10-11
2116:2013-10-28
2095:2013-10-28
2064:2013-10-28
1796:0520050681
1763:2012-09-13
1698:2009-02-07
1618:2009-07-10
1586:2009-02-07
1561:2014-06-08
1538:2014-06-13
1306:2009-02-07
1281:2012-09-14
1236:2014-06-22
1215:2014-06-22
1194:2014-06-22
1170:References
1164:Owensmouth
776:Owens Lake
710:Rush Creek
706:Mono Basin
646:Owens Lake
609:Owens Lake
450:) and the
428:References
273:37°45′25″N
236:34°18′46″N
187:37°56′10″N
150:36°10′57″N
112:36°58′32″N
62:36°58′32″N
3163:Lake Piru
3116:Landmarks
3097:Val Verde
3022:Bardsdale
2968:Watershed
2899:Hollywood
2427:0161-7370
2421:(2): 38.
1499:23386153M
742:acre-feet
718:Mono Lake
633:syndicate
515:Mono Lake
414:June 1970
3708:Pumped-
3570:electric
3484:Natural
3405:Biomass
3378:storage
3376:Battery
3102:Valencia
3047:Fillmore
2919:Westside
1138:See also
1023:penstock
1007:Manzanar
460:aqueduct
419:Location
360:Capacity
336:Diameter
3865:Thermal
3732:O'Neill
3717:Castaic
3710:storage
3568:Hydro-
3552:Nuclear
3475:Mammoth
3107:Ventura
3087:Saticoy
3027:Castaic
2488:website
2229:Oct 10,
2174:Oct 10,
1849:Bibcode
1516:. KCET.
1453:Oct 10,
929:Gallery
378:History
3543:Valley
3062:Oxnard
3037:El Rio
2466:
2425:
1918:
1884:
1818:
1793:
1727:
1497:
1444:
1405:
1380:Oct 7,
1342:
401:Opened
90:Begins
44:Sylmar
3755:Solar
3722:Helms
3012:Acton
2303:(PDF)
2296:(PDF)
2143:(PDF)
2136:(PDF)
2089:(PDF)
2082:(PDF)
2058:(PDF)
2051:(PDF)
1939:(PDF)
1175:Notes
769:Route
557:Route
3900:Wind
3460:Coso
3437:Coal
3407:(≥10
3380:(≥10
3067:Piru
2464:ISBN
2423:ISSN
2393:2019
2371:2019
2311:2013
2277:2013
2231:2013
2201:2013
2176:2013
1960:help
1916:ISBN
1882:ISBN
1816:ISBN
1791:ISBN
1725:ISBN
1642:–76.
1455:2013
1442:ISBN
1403:ISBN
1382:2013
1340:ISBN
809:and
543:Tufa
438:The
215:Ends
3486:gas
3367:in
1857:doi
1845:102
1787:440
1660:271
1612:XXI
1438:107
875:in
619:),
506:to
3944::
3763:PV
3409:MW
3382:MW
2532:,
2419:94
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
