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Persons". Leifchild found that Losh, Wilson & Bell paid its workers 30 to 36 shillings per week for a scrap-puddler; £2 5 shillings per week for a pudler; 18 shillings per week for a plate mill-furnace man; and 25 shillings per week for an engineman. The boiler engineer's family of wife and four children spent 18 shillings per week on provisions and 3 shillings per week on rent, leaving only 4 shillings for all other expenditure.
675:
641:
as "owners of coal and ironstone mines and blast furnaces and rolling mills", was finally merged completely with Dorman Long. Sir Arthur Dorman was chairman; both Hugh Bell and his son
Maurice Bell were among the directors. When Arthur Dorman died in 1931, Hugh Bell, aged 87, briefly became chairman
499:
These iron-works, situate on the Tyne, and belonging to Messrs. Losh, Wilson, & Bell, originally consisted of only one furnace, being the first blast furnace that was specially erected for this bed of ironstone (in connection with Scotch, and other ores, for mixing), viz., about the year 1842 or
662:
of the company's Walker works, won the sculling championship at the 1857 Thames
Regatta. The heavy work stirring the iron was said to have strengthened his arms and shoulders. Chambers also won the return match, held on the Tyne on 19 April 1859, even after a collision with a moored boat left him a
487:
at the Walker Iron Works, which killed at least seven workers. According to a contemporary account, the boiler "unfurled like a sail, was blown upwards, carrying with it two roofings of the sheds, and blowing down two furnaces, with their chimneys, and scattering the molten metal and red hot bricks
650:
John Roby
Leifchild wrote a report in 1842 for the Children's Employment Commission entitled "Employment of Children and Young Persons in the Collieries, Lead Mines, and Iron Works of Northumberland and the North of Durham; and on the Condition, Treatment, and Education of such Children and Young
546:
beam, and continued running until 1952. On 30 November 1876, Thomas Bell
Lightfoot, Managing Partner, was granted a patent for his developments on machines for squeezing metals into shape. However, on 28 August 1883, Thomas Bell moved to Bilbao, Spain, where he continued to describe himself as an
428:
and iron plate in large quantities, along with iron bars for making railway-carriage wheels. The firm's adjacent alkali works was one of several such operations on the Tyne that were collectively producing more than 250 tons of crystallised soda and about 100 tons of soda ash weekly. The journal
504:
district, the first cargo being sent in June or July, 1843, since which time these works have been increased by one extra furnace, built for the Whitby district ironstone in 1844, and by other three for the north part of
Cleveland, about 1852, making now a total of five
598:
had expanded their capacity during World War I and the boom that immediately followed. As in other regions, expansion had come in a piecemeal fashion. Inefficient plant, excess capacity, and low profits had increased these firms' debts and brought creditors onto their
566:
By 1873, Bell
Brothers owned 9 coal mines in County Durham and Yorkshire. There were 10 mines in 1882; in 1888 the "Clarence Salt Works" was also recorded. In 1896 and 1902 the company had 11 mines. In 1914 there are 12; in 1921 there are 14. The 1881–1891
378:
capable of 100 tons of bar iron per week was installed at the Walker
Ironworks; in the same year, Losh, Wilson and Bell's Walker foundry was listed in Parson and White's gazetteer of Durham and Northumberland as a steam engine manufacturer. In 1833, the
1364:"Report on the Employment of Children and Young Persons in the Collieries, Lead Mines, and Iron Works of Northumberland and the North of Durham; and on the Condition, Treatment, and Education of such Children and Young Persons"
479:
as "Iron
Manufacturers, and Ship and Insurance Brokers, under the style or firm of Losh, Wilson, and Bell". He went on to have a career in chemistry and politics, becoming a member of parliament among many other distinctions.
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On 25 January 1851, Lowthian Bell left the partnership with
William Losh, Thomas Wilson, Catherine Bell, Thomas Bell and John Bell. The business at that time was described in the
526:
From 1869 at the latest, the company owning the Walker Engine Works was Bells, Goodman & Co. In that year the firm made the tunnelling shield and iron castings to line the
250:. He was educated in Hamburg, and trained in Newcastle, Sweden and France. He married Alice Wilkinson of Carlisle on 1 March 1798 at Gateshead. He was a friend of the explorer
1503:
538:
In 1875, the Bells, Goodman partnership was dissolved when Alfred
Goodman retired. The firm became known as Bells, Lightfoot & Co. In 1876 it supplied a 90" Cornish
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made in collaboration between Stephenson, who owned the patent, and Losh, Wilson and Bell. Around 1821, George Stephenson was briefly a partner in the Walker Ironworks.
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tunnels. In 1871 the firm made pumping and winding engines for Seghill Colliery. In 1875 it made machinery to condense smoke and gases for Clyde Lead Works of Glasgow.
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Over the years the two families rarely agreed as to how the firm should be run. Indeed, the company was known locally not as Dorman Long but as "Dorman versus Bell".
1448:
Cleveland Ironstone. Outline of the Main Or Thick Stratified Bed, Its Discovery, Application, And Results, In Connection with the Iron-Works in the North of England
383:
process was installed at Walker. In 1835, while working as an inspector of construction on the Whitby & Pickering Railway, Thomas Wilson noted the presence of
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for smelting mill cinder; this was a key decision, enabling the firm to expand. Only two years later, in 1844, the firm installed a second furnace at Walker for
1518:
922:
History, Directory, and Gazetteer, of the Counties of Durham and Northumberland: And the Towns and Counties of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne and Berwick-Upon-Tweed
547:
Ironmaster, and by mutual consent his partnership with Henry Bell and Thomas Bell the younger was dissolved. The deed was witnessed on 7 December 1883.
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286:, (5 March 1784 – 20 April 1845) partner, was married to Katherine Lowthian of Newbiggin, Cumberland on 25 March 1815. Bell's father was a
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counting house. In 1807, Wilson became a partner and the firm took the name Losh, Wilson and Bell. In 1810 he married Mrs Fell of Kirklinton.
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around, while one end of it was hurled into the midst of the works, and the other about 200 yards over the hill top, into the lumber-yard".
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1192:"Notices: Bells, Lightfoot and Company [signed] Thomas Bell. Henry Bell. Thomas Bell, Jr. [deed dated] 7 December 1883"
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called William Losh "the father of soda-making on the Tyne" and described him as the head of the firm (although it was a partnership).
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discovered ironstone in the Eston Hills in 1850. From 1849, Losh, Wilson and Bell were subcontractors on the Newcastle-Gateshead
28:
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The firm's origins can be traced back to 1790 when Archibald Dundonald, with John and William Losh, experimented on producing
930:
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258:. His brother James Losh was also a partner in the firm, and kept a diary recording his anxieties about the firm during the
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entered the firm's Newcastle office under his father. In 1836 he joined his father at the firm's ironworks at Walker.
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was founded in 1809 at Walker, beside the alkali works, carrying out a mixture of engineering work but not building
306:. In about 1793 they opened a works at Bells Close, near Newcastle. Dundonald sent William Losh to Paris to study
804:, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 331.
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All the dead were aged between 19 and 33, and the event created something of a sensation at the time. In 1857,
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for Springhead Pumping Station near Anlaby in the East Riding of Yorkshire; it had an unusual box-section
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classical style Bell Brothers office building at Zetland Road in Middlesbrough was designed by architect
315:
246:(1770 Carlisle–4 August 1861, Ellison Place, Newcastle) came from a rich family that owned coal mines in
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In 1903, Lowthian Bell, then aged 87, sold a majority holding of the Bell companies to the rival firm
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1843, and which ironstone was purchased from the aforesaid mines belonging to Mrs. Clark, in the
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1478:(Watercolours by John Bell (ca 1814–1886) of Port Clarence Ironworks under construction ca 1853)
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974:"The Athenaeum Journal of Nature, Science, and the Fine Arts. From January to December 1838"
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8:
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of 1923 as having an annual output of 600,000 tons of coal for coking and manufacturing.
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166:
96:
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495:, in his account of the Cleveland Ironstone, described the Bell Ironworks as follows:
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322:. Dundonald left the partnership and the business continued as Walker Alkali Works.
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As Bell Brothers, the firm continued until 1931, when it was taken over by rival
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and Charles Dorman were directors. That same year, Bell Brothers, described in
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33:
Watercolour painting by John Bell of the Bell Ironworks under construction at
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586:. It was not a comfortable merger. Bell Brothers, along with the plate maker
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Losh, Wilson and Bell constructed the approaches for the Newcastle-Gateshead
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works nearby at Walker. The alkali works were the first in England to make
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In 1838, a second mill for rolling rails was added, run by the engineer
1471:
North Yorkshire County Council Archives: Bell Of Rounton Grange Records
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The so-called discoverer of Cleveland Ironstone, the mining engineer
170:
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it is architecturally the most important building in Middlesbrough.
310:'s process for making soda from salt. In 1807, the Loshes opened an
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Transactions of the North of England Institute of Mining Engineers
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269:
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reported that the Losh, Wilson & Bell works was manufacturing
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Hidden Teesside: Webb House, Bell Brothers Offices, Middlesbrough
902:
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Durham & Tyneside Dialect Group: Word Lists: Thomas Wilson's
1137:"TA0429 : Cornish beam engine, Springhead Pumping Station"
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396:
311:
174:
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Transactions - North of England Institute of Mining Engineers
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740:, The Archers, the Goodmans and Associated Families website
517:, Springhead Pumping Station: 90" engine by Bells Lightfoot
303:
123:
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Former offices of Dorman Long, Zetland Road, Middlesbrough
802:
Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition
399:. In that year, at the age of nineteen, Thomas Bell's son
1420:
North Yorkshire County Council Archives: online catalogue
1373:. The Coal Mining History Resource Centre. Archived from
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and another family ironmaking firm of Northeast England,
318:, Northumberland. It was the first in England to use the
559:
Painting of Bell Brothers Ironworks at Port Clarence by
395:
to exploit the find; the new railway carried the ore to
1295:
575:; it was his only commercial development. According to
337:'s original wooden wagonway was completely relaid with
208:, son of Thomas Bell; he became perhaps the best known
154:
manufacturing company, founded in 1809 by the partners
1298:
Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism
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460:, responsible for constructing the bridge approaches.
414:); he strongly influenced Lowthian Bell to become an
1504:
Manufacturing companies based in Newcastle upon Tyne
1128:
670:
1422:. North Yorkshire County Council. pp. Ref. ZFK
1400:
The Sporting Tyne, A History of Professional Rowing
1316:
British Steel Merger: Dorman, Long and South Durham
1031:
Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers
883:
Institution of Mechanical Engineers Past Presidents
850:
448:, six years before the boom in Cleveland iron when
642:of 'Dorman versus Bell'; he died on 29 June 1931.
776:"Some Marriages from the Longtown Area 1810–1817"
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1201:. 14 December 1883. p. 6470. Archived from
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812:
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254:and a one-time business partner of rail pioneer
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925:. Vol. 1. W. White & Co. p. 124.
609:Further, as regards the Bells and the Dormans,
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1529:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1931
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1163:"Patents. 4642. And to Thomas Bell Lightfoot"
869:Tyne Tugs & Tug Builders: Engine Builders
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1007:Notices: Partnership: Losh, Wilson, and Bell
625:Colliery Year Book and Coal Trades Directory
189:, presaging the 1850s boom in ironmaking on
1519:Manufacturing companies established in 1809
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1416:"Bell Of Rounton Grange Records 1693–1956"
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204:. The other key figure in the company was
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917:"Steam engine manufacturers and builders"
878:
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707:
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703:
1544:British companies disestablished in 1931
1499:Chemical companies of the United Kingdom
1300:. Harvard University Press. p. 328.
1282:
976:. London: J. Francis. 1838. p. 574.
915:Parson, William; White, William (1827).
554:
508:
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348:
1233:. Durham Mining Museum. 11 October 2011
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778:. 19th Century Longtown. Archived from
483:On 8 October 1855, there was a serious
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1534:British companies established in 1809
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1371:Children's Employment Commission 1842
903:The Peerage: Bell, Sir Isaac Lowthian
856:
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185:; the ironworks was the first to use
1438:Pioneers of the Cleveland iron trade
1340:. Durham Mining Museum. 31 July 2012
631:was chairman and managing director;
1494:Ironworks and steelworks in England
1252:Picture of the Dorman Long building
1055:Walker Iron Works: Boiler Explosion
948:"Tees Valley RIGS group: Ironstone"
836:Chemicals and Glass 1800AD – 1900AD
533:
13:
1028:Memoir of Sir Lowthian Bell, Bart.
623:Bell Brothers was recorded in the
436:persuaded Bell to install its own
14:
1555:
1524:1931 disestablishments in England
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1296:Chandler, Alfred Dupont (1994).
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325:Losh, Wilson & Bell's first
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946:Tees Valley RIGS Group (2010).
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819:Grace's Guide: Walker Ironworks
1514:1809 establishments in England
1362:Leifchild, John Roby (2000) .
1172:. 12 January 1877. p. 176
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1:
1539:1931 mergers and acquisitions
1076:Walker works boiler explosion
713:"Low Fell – Additional Pages"
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16:British manufacturing company
1338:"Dorman, Long & Co. Ltd"
1143:. Geograph.org. p. 2008
905:. William Arthur Bone, 1912.
294:Origins: from alkali to iron
232:The company was named after
7:
1312:"The Sydney Morning Herald"
719:. Gateshead Libraries. 2011
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646:Wages and social conditions
316:Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne
227:
10:
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1509:Steam engine manufacturers
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987:Tyne Bridges at Gateshead
689:Hartley Colliery disaster
638:The Sydney Morning Herald
432:In 1842, the shortage of
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1476:The Rountons: Iron Works
1318:. 9 May 1933. p. 11
800:Charles Mosley, editor,
717:Low Fell History: Part 1
387:in a railway cutting at
165:The firm was founded at
1141:(photo has CC2 licence)
1114:"Bells, Goodman and Co"
830:Simpson, David (2009).
362:National Railway Museum
1057:. Durham Mining Museum
663:hundred yards behind.
621:
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563:
518:
507:
472:
410:(who went on to found
365:
252:Alexander von Humboldt
1435:Jeans, J. S. (1875).
1135:Allen, Chris (1991).
838:. England's Northeast
832:"Chemicals and Glass"
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421:The Athenaeum Journal
368:Further information:
352:
268:(1773–9 May 1858) of
136:Losh, Wilson and Bell
46:Manufacturing company
22:Losh, Wilson and Bell
1049:Fordyce, T. (1867).
588:Consett Iron Company
418:. In the same year,
339:cast-iron edge-rails
1402:, Portcullis, 2002.
1264:"Heritage Explorer"
1098:Cleveland Ironstone
1009:. 1851. p. 676
954:on 21 December 2012
782:on 6 September 2011
738:Losh Family History
442:Cleveland Ironstone
391:, and arranged for
240:, and Thomas Bell.
187:Cleveland Ironstone
167:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
162:, and Thomas Bell.
97:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
23:
1270:. English Heritage
1208:on 1 February 2014
1199:The London Gazette
1170:The London Gazette
1036:1904-1907, 665–672
654:In sport, an iron
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932:978-1-247-50421-6
469:High Level Bridge
458:High Level Bridge
335:George Stephenson
256:George Stephenson
248:Northeast England
152:Northeast England
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363:
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354:Lowthian Bell
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67:Thomas Wilson
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35:Port Clarence
30:
25:
19:
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1441:. H.C. Reid.
1437:
1424:. Retrieved
1419:
1409:Bibliography
1399:
1394:
1382:. Retrieved
1375:the original
1370:
1342:. Retrieved
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1320:. Retrieved
1315:
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1272:. Retrieved
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1210:. Retrieved
1203:the original
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763:Pitman's Pay
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376:rolling mill
373:
324:
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278:Losh, Lubbin
277:
265:
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244:William Losh
243:
242:
234:William Losh
231:
214:
212:in England.
198:John Vaughan
195:
164:
156:William Losh
147:
146:and finally
143:
139:
135:
134:
92:Headquarters
63:William Losh
43:Company type
18:
1445:Marley, J.
1051:"Disasters"
584:Dorman Long
573:Philip Webb
540:beam engine
515:beam engine
493:John Marley
393:drift mines
333:. By 1818,
284:Thomas Bell
276:joined the
217:Dorman Long
86:Dorman Long
77:1923 merged
1488:Categories
1344:1 December
1322:1 December
1274:1 December
1237:1 December
857:Jeans 1875
695:References
416:ironmaster
374:In 1827 a
288:blacksmith
210:ironmaster
181:using the
109:Key people
505:furnaces.
471:, c. 1852
385:ironstone
327:ironworks
314:works at
274:Gateshead
171:ironworks
82:Successor
37:, c. 1853
1426:21 March
1384:20 March
1212:22 March
1176:22 March
1147:21 March
1120:21 March
1061:20 March
1013:20 March
958:15 April
842:20 March
786:20 March
723:21 March
667:See also
616:—
602:—
513:Cornish
446:Grosmont
434:pig iron
389:Grosmont
270:Low Fell
228:Founders
191:Teesside
169:with an
138:, later
120:Products
1100:, 1857.
656:puddler
599:boards.
450:Vaughan
223:History
173:and an
142:, then
102:England
74:Defunct
59:Founder
51:Founded
929:
502:Whitby
454:Marley
397:Whitby
364:, York
345:Wealth
312:alkali
175:alkali
1378:(PDF)
1367:(PDF)
1206:(PDF)
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1003:(PDF)
444:from
356:, by
302:from
1428:2012
1386:2012
1346:2012
1324:2012
1276:2012
1239:2012
1214:2012
1178:2012
1149:2012
1122:2012
1063:2012
1015:2012
960:2012
927:ISBN
844:2012
788:2012
725:2012
452:and
304:salt
300:soda
179:soda
128:Soda
124:Iron
54:1809
426:tin
1490::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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