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Colonel back to the camp, some of his soldiers cried out against the
General, now declared a traitor by the National Convention. Shots rang out as the two men fled toward the Austrian camp. The next day, Dumouriez again tried to rally soldiers against the convention; however, he found that the artillery had declared itself in favour of the Republic. He and Louis Philippe had no choice but to go into exile when Philippe Égalité was arrested.
2376:
1568:, and Louis Philippe's father was considered to have a role in Marie Antoinette's execution. The Queen of Naples was opposed to the match for this reason. She had been very close to her sister and devastated by her execution, but she had given her consent after Louis Philippe had convinced her that he was determined to compensate for the mistakes of his father, and after having agreed to answer all her questions regarding his father.
1261:, where he sold all but one of his horses. Now moving from town to town throughout Switzerland, he and Baudouin found themselves very much exposed to all the distresses of extended travelling. They were refused entry to a monastery by monks who believed them to be young vagabonds. Another time, he woke up after spending a night in a barn to find himself at the far end of a musket, confronted by a man attempting to keep away thieves.
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1871:
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600:
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960:, a quarrel between two local priests and one of the new constitutional vicars became heated. A crowd surrounded the inn where the priests were staying, demanding blood. The young colonel broke through the crowd and extricated the two priests, who fled. At a river crossing on the same day, another crowd threatened to harm the priests. Louis Philippe put himself between a peasant armed with a
1888:. At first, he was much loved and called the "Citizen King" and the "bourgeois monarch", but his popularity suffered as his government was perceived as increasingly conservative and monarchical. Because he owed his elevation to a revolution in Paris and a faction of liberal deputies in the parliament of Charles X, Louis Philippe's rule "lacked...the mystical appeal of its
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879:. The elder branch of the House of Bourbon, to which the kings of France belonged, deeply distrusted the intentions of the cadet branch, which would succeed to the throne of France should the senior branch die out. Louis Philippe's father was exiled from the royal court, and the Orléans confined themselves to studies of the literature and sciences emerging from the
1639:. In the days after Napoléon entered Paris (March 20), Louis XVIII fled to Belgium and Louis Philippe resigned his commission, choosing to join his family in exile in England. This brought him further scorn from royalists because he did not join Louis XVIII in Belgium. Napoléon was soon defeated in the
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Notre avènement à la couronne ayant rendu nécessaire de déterminer les noms et les titres que devaient porter à l'avenir les princes et princesses nos enfans, ainsi que notre bien-aimée sœur, Nous avons ordonné et ordonnons ce qui suit : Les princes et princesses nos bien-aimés enfans, ainsi que
2030:
What is there against him? That throne. Take away Louis
Philippe the king, there remains the man. And the man is good. He is good at times even to the point of being admirable. Often, in the midst of his gravest souvenirs, after a day of conflict with the whole diplomacy of the continent, he returned
2002:
bear in his own person the contradiction of the
Restoration and the Revolution, to have that disquieting side of the revolutionary which becomes reassuring in governing power ... He had been proscribed, a wanderer, poor. He had lived by his own labor. In Switzerland, this heir to the richest princely
1511:. Louis Philippe struck up a lasting friendship with the British prince. Eventually, the brothers sailed back to New York, and in January 1800, they arrived in England, where they stayed for the next fifteen years. During these years, Louis Philippe taught mathematics and geography at the now-defunct
1156:
earlier in March 1793, Louis
Philippe decided to leave France to save his life. On 4 April, Dumouriez and Louis Philippe left for the Austrian camp. They were intercepted by Lieutenant-Colonel Louis-Nicolas Davout, who had served at the Battle of Jemappes with Louis Philippe. As Dumouriez ordered the
1111:. Louis Philippe's division sustained heavy casualties as it attacked through a wood, and retreated in disorder. Lt. General Louis Philippe rallied a group of units, dubbing them "the battalion of Mons", and pushed forward along with other French units, finally overwhelming the outnumbered Austrians.
3700:
Great Ealing school was founded in 1698. A Mr. Pierce was succeeded as master in 1768 by his son-in-law the Revd. Richard
Badcock Shury, rector of Perivale, whose son-in-law the Revd. David Nicholas became headmaster in 1791. Nicholas (d. 1829) and his sons the Revd. George, who left in 1837, and
1933:
widened considerably. According to
William Fortescue, "Louis Philippe owed his throne to a popular revolution in Paris, he was the 'King of the Barricades', yet he went on to preside over a regime which rapidly gained notoriety for political repression of the left, class oppression of the poor and
2003:
domains in France had sold an old horse in order to obtain bread. At
Reichenau, he gave lessons in mathematics, while his sister Adelaide did wool work and sewed. These souvenirs connected with a king rendered the bourgeoisie enthusiastic. He had, with his own hands, demolished the iron cage of
1731:. Louis Philippe did not do this, in order to increase his own chances of succession. As a consequence, because the chamber was aware of his liberal policies and of his popularity with the masses, they proclaimed Louis Philippe as the new French king, displacing the senior branch of the
1928:
In parliament, the narrow, property-qualified electorate of the time (only about 1 in every 170 citizens was enfranchised at the beginning of the reign) provided Louis
Philippe with consistent support. Under his management, the conditions of the working classes deteriorated, and the
1968:
in Paris fueled resentment against the July
Monarchy and reignited revolutionary fervor. Many Parisians blamed Louis Philippe and his government for their perceived inaction in the face of the epidemic. This resentment culminated in the short-lived Republican uprising called the
1264:
Throughout this period, he never stayed in one place more than 48 hours. Finally, in
October 1793, Louis Philippe was appointed a teacher of geography, history, mathematics and modern languages, at a boys' boarding school. The school, owned by a Monsieur Jost, was in
1491:. The British seized the three brothers, but took them to Havana anyway. Unable to find passage to Europe, the three brothers spent a year in Cuba (from spring 1798 to autumn 1799), until they were unexpectedly expelled by the Spanish authorities. They sailed via
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the Revd. Francis Nicholas spent large sums on buildings and achieved a wide reputation. The curriculum was that of a public school, and Louis-Philippe, later king of the French, taught geography and mathematics there in the early 19th century.
926:
Louis Philippe grew up in a period that changed Europe as a whole and, following his father's strong support for the Revolution, he involved himself completely in those changes. In his diary, he reports that he took the initiative to join the
1784:
By an ordinance he signed on 13 August 1830, the new king defined the manner in which his children, as well as his "beloved" sister, would continue to bear the surname "d'Orléans" and the arms of Orléans, declared that his eldest son, as
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in 1797 coincided with the division of the town of Eastham into two towns, one of which took the name of Orleans, possibly in his honour. During their sojourn, the Orléans princes travelled throughout the country, as far south as
1892:
predecessor. Support for it was to a much greater degree conditional." Unlike his predecessor, he did not have a dynastic legacy to draw on, so he turned to the glories of Napoleon I to prop up his own regime. He supported the
955:
With war imminent in 1791, all proprietary colonels were ordered to join their regiments. Louis Philippe was a model officer, and demonstrated his personal bravery in two famous instances. First, three days after Louis XVI's
1342:
951:
In June 1791, Louis Philippe got his first opportunity to become involved in the affairs of France. In 1785, he had been given the hereditary appointment of Colonel of the Chartres Dragoons (renamed 14th Dragoons in 1791).
1092:. Dumouriez praised Louis Philippe's performance in a letter after the battle. Louis Philippe was recalled to Paris to give an account of the Battle at Valmy to the French government. He had a rather trying interview with
2612:
responsible for the endeavour received Louis Philippe's signature on 11 December 1839 as well as his permission to carry out the voyage in line with his policy of supporting colonial expansion and the construction of a
1635:(the future Charles X) to organize a defense against the Emperor, but the hopelessness of the situation soon became apparent and he was back in the capital by the 12th. Thereafter, Louis XVIII made him commander of the
1594:. Louis Philippe had reconciled the Orléans family with Louis XVIII in exile, and was once more to be found in the elaborate royal court. However, his resentment at the treatment of his family, the cadet branch of the
2129:, and Colonel Raffet, General Girard, Captain Villate, General La Chasse de Vérigny, a woman, a 14-year-old girl and two men. A further 22 people were injured. The King and the princes escaped essentially unharmed.
1192:
and his sons. However, letters from Louis Philippe to his father were discovered in transit and were read out to the Convention. Philippe Égalité was then put under continuous surveillance. Shortly thereafter, the
1103:). Louis Philippe again commanded a brigade, even though he held the rank of lieutenant general. On 6 November 1792, Dumouriez chose to attack an Austrian force in a strong position on the heights of Cuesmes and
2186:. Fearful of what had happened to the deposed Louis XVI, Louis Philippe quickly left Paris under disguise. He rode in an ordinary cab under the name of "Mr. Smith". He fled to England with his wife on board a
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who descended on the city. Louis Philippe showed a cool resolve throughout the crisis, coming to Paris as soon as he was informed of the disturbances, greeting the troops, and going amongst the people.
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After Louis Philippe left Reichenau, he separated the now sixteen-year-old Adélaïde from the Countess of Genlis, who had fallen out with Louis Philippe. Adélaïde went to live with her great-aunt the
1141:
Louis Philippe was willing to stay to fulfill his duties in the army, but he became implicated in the plot Dumouriez had planned to ally with the Austrians, march his army on Paris, and restore the
1099:
While in Paris, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general. In October Louis Philippe returned to the Army of the North, where Dumouriez had begun a march into the Austrian Netherlands (now
1122:
appointee of 3 October 1792, left the Army of the North almost without supplies. Soon thousands of troops were deserting the army. Louis Philippe was alienated by the more radical policies of the
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Il sera fait, en conséquence, sur les registres de l'état civil de la Maison royale, dans les archives de la Chambre des Pairs, toutes les rectifications qui résultent des dispositions ci-dessus
1253:
It became quite apparent that for the women to settle peacefully anywhere, they would have to separate from Louis Philippe. He then left with his faithful valet Baudouin for the heights of the
1084:
At the 20 September 1792 Battle of Valmy, Louis Philippe was ordered to place a battery of artillery on the crest of the hill of Valmy. The battle was apparently inconclusive, but the Austrian-
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1882:
Louis Philippe ruled in an unpretentious fashion, avoiding the pomp and lavish spending of his predecessors. Despite this outward appearance of simplicity, his support came from the wealthy
5203:
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Louis Philippe was on far friendlier terms with Louis XVIII's brother and successor, Charles X, who acceded to the throne in 1824, and with whom he socialized. Charles X granted him the
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brand of Catholicism. When Louis Philippe's grandfather died in 1785, his father succeeded him as Duke of Orléans and Louis Philippe succeeded his father as Duke of Chartres.
3545:
Nos bien-aimés fils puînés conserveront les titres qu'ils ont portés jusqu'à ce jour. Nos bien-aimées filles et notre bien-aimée sœur ne porteront d'autre titre que celui de
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2110:. This consisted of 25 gun barrels fastened to a wooden frame that could be fired simultaneously. The device was fired from the third level of n° 50 Boulevard du Temple (a
756:
and was dominated by wealthy industrialists and bankers. During the period 1840–1848, he followed conservative policies, especially under the influence of French statesman
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was named in honour of Louis Philippe who reigned as King of the French at the time the colony was established on 18 August 1840. Louis Philippe had been instrumental in
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The reaction in Paris to Louis Philippe's involvement in Dumouriez's treason inevitably resulted in misfortunes for the Orléans family. Philippe Égalité spoke in the
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and Louis XVIII was restored to power, but Louis Philippe and his family only returned to France in 1817, after the wave of repression and recriminations had faded.
2114:
has since been engraved there), which had been rented by Fieschi. A ball only grazed the King's forehead. Eighteen people were killed, including Lieutenant Colonel
5015:
1607:
Upon his return to Paris in May 1814, the Duke of Orléans was restored to the rank of lieutenant-general in the army by Louis XVIII. He was denied the title of
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1389:, Boston's oldest restaurant. During his time in the United States, Louis Philippe met with American politicians and people of high society, including
964:
and the priests, saving their lives. The next day, Louis Philippe dived into a river to save a drowning local engineer. For this action, he received a
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around a decade earlier. The British Lieutenant-Governor Captain William Hobson subsequently went on to claim sovereignty over Port Louis Philippe.
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Louis Philippe was sworn in as King Louis Philippe I on 9 August 1830. Upon his accession to the throne, Louis Philippe assumed the title of
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on about 30 April 1792. There he was instrumental in rallying a unit of retreating soldiers after French forces had been victorious at the
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Several of the gun barrels of Fieschi's weapon burst when it was fired; he was badly injured and was quickly captured. He was executed by
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1564:. The ceremony was celebrated in Palermo 25 November 1809. The marriage was controversial because her mother's younger sister was Queen
1172:
Early in his exile, Louis Philippe was a teacher of geography, history, mathematics and modern languages, at a boys' boarding school in
1160:
At the age of nineteen, and already ranked as a Lieutenant General, Louis Philippe left France. He did not return for twenty-one years.
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2035:, considering it something to hold his own against Europe, but that it was a still greater matter to rescue a man from the executioner.
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764:. His popularity faded as economic conditions in France deteriorated in 1847, and he was forced to abdicate after the outbreak of the
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vicar. While visiting Muonio, he supposedly fathered a child with Beata Caisa Wahlborn (1766–1830) called Erik Kolstrøm (1796–1879).
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1973:, in which insurrectionists took over a portion of central Paris. The rebellion was quickly crushed by a huge force of soldiers and
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1242:, where the Swiss authorities decreed that to protect Swiss neutrality, Louis Philippe would have to leave the city. They went to
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branch of the Bourbons, the ship on which the settlers sailed to found the eponymous colony of Port Louis Philippe was named the
2073:. During the king's annual review of the Paris National Guard commemorating the revolution, Louis Philippe was passing along the
2016:
1623:). Less than a year after returning to France, he and his family were uprooted by the return of Napoléon from Elba, known as the
1319:
Louis Philippe travelled extensively. He visited Scandinavia in 1795 and then moved on to Finland. For about a year he stayed in
871:
Louis Philippe was the eldest of three sons and a daughter, a family that was to have erratic fortunes from the beginning of the
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initially planned to accept young Philippe as king, but the strong current of public opinion rejected that. On 26 February, the
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was appointed to command the Army of the North in August 1792. Louis Philippe continued to command his brigade under him in the
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caused him to be viewed as a constant threat to the stability of Charles' government. This soon proved to be to his advantage.
1523:
1448:(4 September 1797) and of the exile of his mother to Spain. He and his brothers then decided to return to Europe. They went to
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was proclaimed. Louis Napoléon Bonaparte was elected president on 10 December 1848; on 2 December 1851, he declared himself
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1096:, the Minister of Justice, which he later told his children about. Shortly thereafter, he was made Governor of Strasbourg.
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1803:, that the younger sons would continue to have their previous titles, and that his sister and daughters would be styled
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4115:[Chronological list of knights of the Order of the Holy Spirit from its origin to its extinction (1578–1830)].
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looming, the young Louis Philippe showed his liberal sympathies when he helped break down the door of a prison cell in
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4113:"Liste chronologique des chevaliers de l'ordre du Saint-Esprit depuis son origine jusqu'à son extinction (1578–1830)"
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1917:, a monument to Napoleon's victories, was inaugurated in 1836. Louis Philippe also commissioned the creation of a
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In foreign affairs it was a quiet period, with friendship with Great Britain. In October 1844 he paid a visit to
1627:. On 6 March 1815, after the news of Napoléon's return to France reached Paris, Louis Philippe was dispatched to
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1188:, condemning his son for his actions, asserting that he would not spare his son, much akin to the Roman consul
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Meanwhile, Louis Philippe was forced to live in the shadows, avoiding both pro-Republican revolutionaries and
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to death, Louis Philippe began to consider leaving France. He was dismayed that his own father, known then as
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that his three years there had a large influence on his political beliefs and judgments when he became king.
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2240:. Louis Philippe died at Claremont on 26 August 1850. He was first buried at St. Charles Borromeo Chapel in
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729:. He fled to Switzerland in 1793 after being connected with a plot to restore France's monarchy. His father
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Louis Philippe d'Orléans leaving the Palais-Royal to go to the city hall, 31 July 1830, two days after the
1293:
Portrait of Louis Philippe (age 25) at the time of his stay in New York City (1797), originally painted by
1145:. Dumouriez had met with Louis Philippe on 22 March 1793 and urged his subordinate to join in the attempt.
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at night to his apartments, and there, exhausted with fatigue, overwhelmed with sleep, what did he do?
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1437:. In 1839, while reflecting on his visit to the United States, Louis Philippe explained in a letter to
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Notre bien-aimé fils aîné, le duc de Chartres, portera, comme prince royal, le titre de duc d'Orléans.
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1834 caricature of Louis Philippe turning into a pear mirrored the deterioration of his popularity (
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the Duke of Biron, along with several officers who later gained distinction. These included Colonel
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He lived for the remainder of his life in exile in the United Kingdom. His supporters were known as
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1964:. This opposition, however, was weak and fragmented. In the spring of 1832, a terrible outbreak of
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Throughout his reign, Louis Philippe faced domestic opposition from various factions, ranging from
1727:, and charged him to announce his desire to have his grandson succeed him to the popularly elected
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1988:
The dissonance between his positive early reputation and his late unpopularity was epitomized by
1974:
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980:
973:
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1659:
1604:, caused friction between him and Louis XVIII, and he openly sided with the liberal opposition.
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1277:. He had been at the school for a month when he heard the news from Paris: his father had been
1266:
1206:
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1153:
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760:. He also promoted friendship with Great Britain and sponsored colonial expansion, notably the
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2168:
1889:
1465:
1309:
1227:
1123:
1035:
816:
788:
722:
717:. As Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres, he distinguished himself commanding troops during the
585:
7900:
5892:
4164:
3625:
2699:
2244:, Surrey. In 1876, his remains and those of his wife were taken to France and buried at the
195:
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5152:
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dalla Real Tipografia del Ministero di Stato della Cancelleria Generale. pp. 459, 463.
3600:"Research Guides: France: Women in the Revolution: Revolutions in France: 1789, 1830, 1848"
3455:
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2111:
1922:
1826:
1815:
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914:, during a visit there with the Countess of Genlis. From October 1788 to October 1789, the
880:
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Fieschi, a Corsican ex-soldier, attacked the procession with a weapon he built himself, a
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8:
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his mother had built in 1816, and which he had enlarged and embellished after her death.
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state, now part of Switzerland. His salary was 1,400 francs and he taught under the name
1185:
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252:
99:
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5385:
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in front of the Town Hall of Paris rejects the red flag on 25 February 1848, during the
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thought; it is probably during this period that Louis Philippe picked up his slightly
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2004:
1946:
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1793:
1667:
1615:), although it was accorded to his wife. Louis Philippe had to settle for the lesser
1591:
1402:
1378:
1328:
1053:
In the Army of the North, Louis Philippe served with four future Marshals of France:
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and was promoted to lieutenant general by the age of nineteen, but he broke with the
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2153:
1994:
1910:
1515:, reckoned, in its 19th-century heyday, to be "the best private school in England".
1385:. In Boston, he taught French for a time and lived in lodgings over what is now the
1226:
centres in various parts of Europe and also in the Austrian army. He first moved to
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King Louis Philippe I taking the oath to keep the Charter of 1830 on 9 August 1830
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1945:. This made him the first reigning French king to set foot on English soil since
1914:
1874:
Louis Philippe I is the only French king to be the subject of a photograph (1842
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1620:
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1078:
1070:
1043:
861:
749:
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324:
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1998:
as an oxymoron describing his reign as "Prince Equality", in which Hugo states:
1814:
His ascent to the title of King of the French was seen as a betrayal by Emperor
1006:
on 20 April 1792, Louis Philippe first participated in what became known as the
944:
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9898:
9704:
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2410:
2229:
1970:
1942:
1938:
1859:
1781:) was aimed at undercutting the Legitimist claims of Charles X and his family.
1612:
1508:
1488:
1093:
857:
188:
4546:
Historical Dictionary of France from the 1815 Restoration to the Second Empire
2224:, claims that he spent some time there, possibly due to a friendship with the
2056:
1960:, who supported the senior branch of the Bourbons over the Orléans branch, to
1849:
1829:. Their descendants include all subsequent Kings of the Belgians, and Empress
1695:
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2130:
1961:
1906:
1875:
1855:
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1230:
under an assumed name, and met up with the Countess of Genlis and his sister
1108:
753:
271:
9436:
4442:
4018:
1421:. The brothers were even held in Philadelphia briefly during an outbreak of
1114:
Events in Paris undermined his budding military career. The incompetence of
10290:
10227:
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9791:
9619:
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4010:
3735:
2601:
2210:
1902:
1787:
1624:
1422:
1362:
1324:
1235:
1034:
two days earlier on 28 April 1792. The Duke of Biron wrote to War Minister
928:
829:
821:
351:
111:
10351:
4398:
Bastide, Charles (1927). "The Anglo-French Entente under Louis Philippe".
2625:
1719:
overthrew Charles X, who abdicated in favour of his 10-year-old grandson,
1023:
772:
10272:
10256:
10119:
10087:
9831:
9689:
9579:
9356:
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6700:
6680:
6376:
6350:
6302:
6257:
6247:
6232:
6222:
3973:
2436:
2187:
2182:, King Louis Philippe abdicated in favour of his nine-year-old grandson,
2033:
He took a death sentence and passed the night in revising a criminal suit
1989:
1957:
1884:
1755:
1742:
Charles X and his family, including his grandson, went into exile in the
1587:
1496:
1492:
1456:
and thence to Spain. This, however, was a troubled journey, as Spain and
1449:
1430:
1336:
1177:
965:
780:
605:
534:
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6435:
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5747:
4415:
3901:
3718:
Empires of the Plain: Henry Rawlinson and the Lost Languages of Babylon
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2137:
2101:
1930:
1542:
1504:
1278:
1217:
1194:
896:
776:
637:
9442:
4567:
3525:) and titles of his children and of his sister: Ordonnance du roi qui
2862:
1841:
1746:. The young ex-king, the Duke of Bordeaux, in exile took the title of
864:". His mother was an extremely wealthy heiress who was descended from
10075:
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9126:
8709:
8078:
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6282:
6262:
6131:
5354:
5071:
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2605:
2241:
2148:
2065:
On 28 July 1835, Louis Philippe survived an assassination attempt by
1925:, where famous Napoleonic battles were painted by important artists.
1766:
1751:
1119:
1019:
865:
733:(Philippe Égalité), fell under suspicion and was executed during the
726:
387:
6786:
4407:
4254:
4034:
Barricades: The War of the Streets in Revolutionary Paris, 1830–1848
3893:
2216:
Louis Philippe and his family remained in exile in Great Britain in
1281:
on 6 November 1793 after a trial before the Revolutionary Tribunal.
1239:
1197:
moved to arrest him and the two younger brothers of Louis Philippe,
10481:
French Republican military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars
10266:
9917:
9912:
9851:
9730:
9604:
8370:
6674:
6643:
6549:
6331:
6207:
4867:
3501:(1887–1908), great-great-grandson and heir to the Portuguese Throne
2237:
2191:
2082:
2012:
2008:
1870:
1484:
1409:
1394:
1305:
1027:
969:
900:
6914:
5231:
4139:"Ordre de la Légion d'honneur: Textes officiels antérieurs à 1962"
3881:
3532:
LOUIS PHILIPPE ROI DES FRANÇAIS, à tous présens et à venir, salut.
3495:(1833–1834), grandson by his daughter Queen Louise of the Belgians
2781:
2133:, the King's painter, was ordered to make a drawing of the event.
1735:. For the prior eleven days Louis Philippe had been acting as the
6227:
5086:
4484:(in French). Paris: Librairie de La Société des Gens de Lettres.
2381:
2360:
1965:
1332:
1100:
1085:
961:
499:
4275:"Caballeros existentes en la insignie Orden del Toison de Oro".
4581:
3480:
2585:
2024:
1736:
1453:
1382:
1320:
1015:
10052:
8985:
François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt
5529:
Ferdinand Philippe, Prince Royal of France and Duke of Orléans
820:
Profile of the 13-year-old Louis Philippe d’Orléans, drawn by
8919:
4192:
Almanach royal officiel, publié, exécution d'un arrête du roi
2457:
2070:
1981:
An industrial and agricultural depression in 1846 led to the
1418:
1258:
1089:
968:
from the local municipality. His regiment was moved north to
4525:
Citizen-King: The Life of Louis Philippe, King of the French
3765:
The Life of Marie Amelie Last Queen of the French, 1782–1866
1381:
on Broadway and 75th Street with other exiled princes), and
4452:
The July Monarchy: A Political History of France, 1830–1848
2712:
1909:. The statue of Napoleon was returned to its spot atop the
1628:
1582:
After the abdication of Napoleon, Louis Philippe, known as
1425:. Louis Philippe is also thought to have met Isaac Snow of
1254:
10501:
Members of the Chamber of Peers of the Bourbon Restoration
8959:
4308:
Almanacco reale del Regno delle Due Sicilie per l'anno ...
3692:"Ealing and Brentford: Education - British History Online"
2140:
together with his two co-conspirators the following year.
2015:. He was the companion of Dumouriez, he was the friend of
1662:. However, Louis Philippe's opposition to the policies of
1429:, Massachusetts, who had escaped to France from a British
8799:
5581:
Gaston, Prince Imperial Consort of Brazil and Count of Eu
2624:
As a further honorific gesture to Louis Philippe and his
1243:
895:, beginning in 1782. She instilled in him a fondness for
779:
supported the main line of the House of Bourbon, and the
4293:"Nichan ad-Dam, ou ordre du Sang, institué... – Lot 198"
4281:(in Spanish). En la Imprenta Nacional. 1835. p. 73.
4262:
Militaire Willems-Orde: Bourbon, Louis Phillip prince de
3926:
Paris Between Empires: Monarchy and Revolution 1814–1852
740:
Louis Philippe remained in exile for 21 years until the
4361:
4359:
4241:
Adreß-Handbuch des Herzogthums Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha
4215:(in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 245.
4117:
Annuaire-bulletin de la Société de l'histoire de France
1269:, a village on the upper Rhine in the then independent
3824:
3822:
2125:
of the 8th Legion together with eight other officers,
2062:
Louis Philippe survived seven assassination attempts.
1487:, but a British warship intercepted their ship in the
1346:
Somerindyke estate on Bloomingdale Road, near 75th St.
1316:
and, finally, to her mother, who was exiled in Spain.
4385:
Aston, Nigel (October 1988). "Orleanism, 1780–1830".
30:"Louis Philippe" redirects here. For other uses, see
10531:
Knights Grand Cross of the Military Order of William
9715:
List of people associated with the French Revolution
4356:
4001:. London: Sold at the office of the editor. p.
3538:
continueront à porter le nom et les armes d'Orléans.
3437:
2289:, in English: "Louis Philippe I, King of the French"
1777:
instead of a territory (as the previous designation
1586:, returned to France during the reign of his cousin
1246:, where Louis Philippe was discovered by a group of
1088:
army, short of supplies, was forced back across the
806:
470:
Clémentine, Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry
9947:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
7037:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
4449:
4243:(in German), Coburg, Gotha: Meusel, 1843, p. 6
3819:
3549:, en se distinguant entre elles par leurs prénoms.
2143:
1549:meant the Princess reluctantly declined the offer.
1545:. His Catholicism and the opposition of her mother
2577:in the South Pacific, referred to nowadays by its
1571:
1038:, praising the young colonel, who was promoted to
744:. He was proclaimed king in 1830 after his cousin
5073:Counts/Countesses and Dukes/Duchesses of Chartres
4544:Newman, Edgar Leon, and Robert Lawrence Simpson.
2232:. The royal couple spent some time by the sea at
1754:to the throne of France and was supported by the
1673:
10377:
8873:Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
4534:(The Cambridge History of Modern France) (1988).
4482:Le Roi Louis Philippe: Vie Anecdotique 1773–1850
4278:Guía de forasteros en Madrid para el año de 1835
4092:
3999:An historical and biographical sketch of Fieschi
3992:
3529:des princes et princesses de la famille royale.
2634:after Louis Philippe's beloved infant grandson,
2509:
979:Louis Philippe served under his father's crony,
4562:Porch, Douglas. "The French Army Law of 1832."
4208:
4099:Royal Victoria Hotel – Historical Hastings Wiki
4060:
3882:"The Anglo-French Entente under Louis-Philippe"
1335:under the name Müller, as a guest of the local
1018:on about 28 April 1792. He was next engaged at
6915:Significant civil and political events by year
4237:"Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden"
2926:Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier
2793:Died aged two. Baptised on 20 July 1816, with
752:. The reign of Louis Philippe is known as the
10038:
6802:
6147:
5763:
5370:
5057:
4883:
4450:Collingham, H.A.C.; Alexander, R. S. (1988).
2899:Princess Caroline Auguste of the Two Sicilies
2270:Silver coin of Louis Philippe I, struck 1834
1042:; he commanded the 4th Brigade of cavalry in
943:Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres, in 1792 by
918:was a meeting-place for the revolutionaries.
697:(6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850), nicknamed
9968:
9927:
9903:
9884:
8868:Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
6052:Prince Antoine Philippe, Duke of Montpensier
5506:Prince Antoine Philippe, Duke of Montpensier
4342:. Rosedale, North Shore: Raupo. p. 19.
4061:Bredow, Gabriel G.; Venturini, Carl (1837).
3757:
2777:Princess Françoise Louise Caroline d'Orléans
1148:With the French government falling into the
972:at the end of 1791 after the 27 August 1791
787:. Among his grandchildren were the monarchs
7555:
1825:, married the first ruler of Belgium, King
1062:
860:, which entitled him the use of the style "
313:Paris Municipal Commission Ministry of 1830
10045:
10031:
9072:Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth
6809:
6795:
6154:
6140:
5770:
5756:
5377:
5363:
5064:
5050:
4890:
4876:
4189:
3860:. Cambridge University Press. p. 166.
3658:"Kom Inn! (NRK-TV Norsk Rikskringkasting)"
2770:Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1055:Étienne-Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre MacDonald
709:. He abdicated from his throne during the
450:Prince Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans
47:
10536:Orléanist pretenders to the French throne
10486:Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe
9337:Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau
8995:Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
8818:Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
5787:Generations are numbered by descent from
5512:Prince Louis Charles, Count of Beaujolais
4504:
4338:Reed, A. W. (2010). Peter Dowling (ed.).
4165:"Ordre royal et militaire de Saint-Louis"
3519:Louis Philippe's 13 August 1830 Ordinance
2636:Prince Philippe d'Orléans, Count of Paris
2220:, Surrey, though a plaque on Angel Hill,
2039:
2019:; he had belonged to the Jacobins' club;
1846:Louis Philippe (1773–1850), Roi Bourgeois
1552:In 1809, Louis Philippe married Princess
1444:In Boston, Louis Philippe learned of the
921:
268:1st President of the Council of Ministers
10466:French people of the Revolutions of 1848
10111:Imperial Eagle of the House of Bonaparte
9769:
7053:Nationalization of the Church properties
5777:
4609:Caricatures of Louis Philippe and others
4476:
2901:, had issue-but no descendants survive.
2573:View of Port Louis Philippe, the oldest
2568:
2190:offered to him by the British consul at
2163:
2147:
2049:Review of the National Guard, attack of
2043:
1869:
1854:
1840:
1702:
1694:
1683:
1522:
1341:
1323:, a remote village in the valley of the
1288:
1167:
938:
815:
10446:Burials at the Chapelle royale de Dreux
9998:Historiography of the French Revolution
9269:Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville
8980:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
6088:François d'Orléans, Prince of Joinville
5963:Louis, Duke of Bourbon, Prince of Condé
5426:Prince Philippe Charles, Duke of Valois
4397:
3928:. St. Martin's Press. pp. 283–285.
3879:
3674:
3623:
3493:Louis Philippe, Crown Prince of Belgium
2617:which had first commenced under him in
2095:François d'Orléans, Prince of Joinville
1063:assassination attempt on Louis Philippe
705:from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate
14:
10378:
9005:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
8960:Other significant figures and factions
6161:
6031:Louis François Joseph, Prince of Conti
5725:Prince Charles Philippe, Duke of Anjou
5384:
4530:Jardin, Andre, and Andre-Jean Tudesq.
4110:
4031:
3923:
3712:
3306:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3067:
2957:
2953:
2822:Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
2686:Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
2503:Grand Cross of St. Ferdinand and Merit
1483:They sailed for Havana in an American
1152:about the time of the creation of the
1059:Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier
10526:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain
10521:Extra Knights Companion of the Garter
10026:
9873:
9768:
9052:François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy
8958:
8808:James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez
8747:Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
8705:Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth
8308:
7554:
7185:Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary
6913:
6816:
6790:
6135:
5751:
5627:Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Montpensier
5358:
5045:
4871:
4539:The Restoration and the July Monarchy
4384:
4365:
3855:
3499:Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal
3382:
3372:
3368:
3356:
3350:
3340:
3324:
3314:
3310:
3294:
3288:
3278:
3262:
3252:
3248:
3236:
3230:
3220:
3204:
3194:
3190:
3169:
3159:
3143:
3133:
3129:
3117:
3111:
3101:
3085:
3075:
3071:
3055:
3049:
3039:
3023:
3013:
3009:
2997:
2991:
2981:
2965:
2961:
1654:to make Louis Philippe's fourth son,
1205:; the latter had been serving in the
713:, which led to the foundation of the
9206:Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux
8618:Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
8309:
7405:Insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III
6775:Debatable or disputed rulers are in
6108:Louis Antoine Henri, Duke of Enghien
4897:
4604:. Vol. XV (9th ed.). 1883.
4507:France and 1848: The End of Monarchy
4425:Louis Philippe and the July Monarchy
4422:
4337:
4212:Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009
4064:Chronik des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts
3476:Origins of the French Foreign Legion
3327:Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena
2365:Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold
2236:and later at the Marquess's home in
2085:, accompanied by three of his sons,
1934:rule in the interests of the rich."
1537:In 1808, Louis Philippe proposed to
1377:(where he most likely stayed at the
1163:
1138:, voted in favour of the execution.
1022:on about 29 April 1792, and then at
931:, a move that his father supported.
27:King of the French from 1830 to 1848
18:Louis-Philippe I, King of the French
10516:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
10354:from 1848-1873 as Louis Philippe II
9874:
8813:Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth
6078:Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans
5789:Charles de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme
5555:Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier
3742:
3597:
2667:Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans
2087:Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans
1985:, and Louis Philippe's abdication.
1821:In 1832, Louis' daughter, Princess
1818:. Nicholas ended their friendship.
934:
490:Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier
284:1 August – 2 November 1830
24:
10106:
10102:Coat of arms of the House of Capet
10097:
10003:Influence of the French Revolution
9993:Symbolism in the French Revolution
8757:Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen
8718:Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc
6973:Convocation of the Estates General
6057:Louis Charles, Count of Beaujolais
5715:Prince François, Count of Clermont
5544:Prince Charles, Duke of Penthièvre
5483:Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
5230:
5204:Louis of Valois, Count of Chartres
5014:
4532:Restoration and Reaction 1815–1848
4194:(in French). Vol. 1. p.
4077:Bouveiron & Fieschi, 1835; p.
3982:– via Online-literature.com.
3052:Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
2287:LOUIS PHILIPPE I, ROI DES FRANÇAIS
2160:, who was jailed for the original)
1499:, where they were received by the
1468:in 1798, they were entertained by
891:Louis Philippe was tutored by the
731:Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
725:over its decision to execute King
515:Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
480:Prince Charles, Duke of Penthièvre
25:
10557:
9645:Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes
9377:Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville
8679:Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
8461:François Christophe de Kellermann
7700:Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees)
5591:Prince Pierre, Duke of Penthièvre
5586:Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Alençon
5466:Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
5080:Counts and countesses of Chartres
4809:9 August 1830 – 24 February 1848
4743:9 August 1830 – 24 February 1848
4688:9 August 1830 – 24 February 1848
4617:1830–1835 (La Caricature Gallery)
4574:
3650:
3146:Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon-Condé
3114:Louise Henriette de Bourbon-Conti
2994:Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
2023:had slapped him on the shoulder;
1723:. Charles X named Louis Philippe
1707:King Louis Philippe, Portrait by
1554:Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
1061:(who would later be killed in an
807:Before the Revolution (1773–1789)
411:Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
253:Charles Phillipe, Count of Artois
10456:People of the Belgian Revolution
9372:Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
9279:Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
9249:Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
9140:Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière
8918:
8883:
8853:
8828:
8785:
8659:
8536:Édouard Mortier, Duke of Trévise
8317:
7089:Civil Constitution of the Clergy
5828:
5647:Prince Alfonso, Duke of Galliera
5642:Prince Emmanuel, Duke of Vendôme
5622:Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans
5606:Prince Antonio, Duke of Galliera
5409:
4815:Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure
4777:6 November 1793 – 9 August 1830
4580:
3972:
3440:
3088:Louis Armand II, Prince of Conti
2911:
2884:
2861:
2834:
2807:
2780:
2755:
2728:
2698:
2671:
2638:who was born on 24 August 1838.
2559:Coat of arms of Louis Philippe I
2552:
2540:
2511:
2484:
2471:
2450:
2429:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2374:
2353:
2335:Founder and Grand Master of the
2275:
2178:On 24 February 1848, during the
2144:Abdication and death (1848–1850)
1765:, a title previously adopted by
1528:Maria Amalia, Duchess of Orléans
850:Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon
838:Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres
598:
578:
566:
544:
525:Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon
10461:People of the French Revolution
10406:19th-century princes of Andorra
10401:19th-century monarchs of France
10364:
10054:Pretenders to the French throne
9710:Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil
9457:Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne
9382:Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas
8593:Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier
8588:Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer
8568:Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon
8396:Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine
7314:Marie Antoinette is guillotined
6098:Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale
6047:Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans
6005:Louis François, Prince of Conti
5984:Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans
5930:François Louis, Prince of Conti
5673:Prince Álvaro, Duke of Galliera
5576:Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres
5571:Prince Philippe, Count of Paris
5242:Dukes and duchesses of Chartres
4378:
4331:
4315:
4299:
4285:
4268:
4229:
4202:
4183:
4157:
4131:
4104:
4083:
4071:
4054:
4025:
3986:
3966:
3949:"Louis-Philippe King of France"
3941:
3932:
3917:
3908:
3873:
3864:
3849:
3840:
3831:
3797:
3788:
3779:
3770:
3628:Napoleon's Dragoons and Lancers
3512:
2127:Marshal Mortier, duc de Trévise
2104:that later became known as the
1949:was imprisoned there after the
1656:Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale
1584:Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans
1572:Bourbon Restoration (1815–1830)
844:, upon the death of his father
828:Louis Philippe was born in the
422:
298:Lieutenant-General of the Realm
235:Lieutenant-General of the Realm
32:Louis Philippe (disambiguation)
9983:Women in the French Revolution
9585:Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien
8762:Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló
8426:Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino
8055:French invasion of Switzerland
5738:never styled Prince of Orléans
5500:Louis Philippe I of the French
4036:. Palgrave Macmillan. p.
3706:
3683:
3668:
3617:
3591:
3582:
3573:
3461:List of works by James Pradier
2069:and two other conspirators in
2027:had said to him: "Young man!"
1674:King of the French (1830–1848)
852:. As a member of the reigning
748:was forced to abdicate by the
13:
1:
10471:French expatriates in England
9988:Incroyables and merveilleuses
9807:Pierre Claude François Daunou
9595:Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé
8726:Maximilian Baillet de Latour
8697:Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze
7994:Naval Engagement off Brittany
7747:Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies
7721:Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees)
7530:Constitution of the Year VIII
7265:Committee of General Security
7150:National Legislative Assembly
7005:National Constituent Assembly
6026:Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé
5968:Louis Armand, Prince of Conti
5935:Louis Joseph, Duke of Vendôme
5924:Louis Armand, Prince of Conti
5539:François, Prince of Joinville
5534:Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours
3776:de Flers, 1891; pp. 75–76, 88
3561:
3353:Maria Teresa Felicitas d'Este
3170:1. Louis Philippe I of France
2943:Ancestors of Louis Philippe I
2830:François, Prince of Joinville
2743:Duke Alexander of Württemberg
2524:Stranger Knight of the Garter
2091:Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours
1779:King of France and of Navarre
1725:Lieutenant général du royaume
1578:Bourbon Restoration in France
1355:
1209:. The three were interned in
811:
475:François, Prince of Joinville
465:Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours
460:Marie, Duchess of Württemberg
455:Louise, Queen of the Belgians
386:St. Charles Borromeo Chapel,
10496:18th-century peers of France
10334:Napoléon VII Jean-Christophe
9906:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
9700:Charles Alexandre de Calonne
9590:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
9487:Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte
9387:Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier
9077:Charles Malo François Lameth
8752:Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich
8583:Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
8526:Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey
7726:Second Battle of Wissembourg
7413:Constitution of the Year III
6103:Antoine, Duke of Montpensier
6062:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
5989:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
5919:Henri Jules, Prince of Condé
5699:Prince Henri, Count of Paris
5668:Prince Henri, Count of Paris
5550:Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale
5432:Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
3751:UK public library membership
3675:Saucier, Corinne L. (1943).
3566:
3527:détermine les noms et titres
3486:
3481:Port Louis Philippe (Akaroa)
2907:Antoine, Duke of Montpensier
2849:Princess Francisca of Brazil
2795:Emperor Francis I of Austria
2608:the settlement project. The
2586:Port Louis Philippe (Akaroa)
2564:
2547:Standard of Louis Philippe I
2325:Grand Cross of the Military
1895:return of Napoleon's remains
1652:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
886:
868:through a legitimized line.
485:Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale
7:
10511:Princes of France (Bourbon)
10451:People of the July Monarchy
10194:Blancs d'Espagne succession
9802:Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
9427:Antoine Christophe Saliceti
9362:Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois
9322:Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
9201:Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet
9186:Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve
9181:Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
8990:Isaac René Guy le Chapelier
8843:William V, Prince of Orange
7713:First Battle of Wissembourg
7670:(21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793)
7386:Closing of the Jacobin Club
7255:(27 Jun 1793 – 27 Jul 1794)
7212:(20 Sep 1792 – 26 Oct 1795)
7072:Abolition of the Parlements
7045:Women's March on Versailles
6093:Charles, Duke of Penthièvre
5994:Charles, Count of Charolais
5720:Prince Jean, Count of Paris
5400:Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
4505:Fortescue, William (2005).
3938:de Flers, 1891; pp. 106–109
3914:de Flers, 1891; pp. 137–138
3858:A Concise History of France
3807:. The Biography.com Website
3677:History of Avoyelles Parish
3521:, relative to the surname (
3471:Lieutenant-General (France)
3433:
3233:Louis-Jean-Marie de Bourbon
2934:
2596:and the oldest town in the
2462:Knight of the Golden Fleece
2262:
2199:National Assembly of France
1901:, brought the remains from
1897:to France and his son, the
1518:
1350:Louis Philippe visited the
1211:Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille)
1010:within the French-occupied
10:
10562:
9937:French Republican calendar
9492:Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel
9117:Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac
8471:Pierre Choderlos de Laclos
8421:Charles François Dumouriez
8411:Jacques François Dugommier
8225:League of Armed Neutrality
8058:(28 January – 17 May 1798)
8010:Battle of the Bay of Cádiz
7833:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
7812:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
7476:Second Congress of Rastatt
7260:Committee of Public Safety
7247:(9 Mar 1793 – 31 May 1795)
5855:Charles, Count of Soissons
5826:
5637:Prince Jean, Duke of Guise
5407:
5193:John of Valois (1302-1310)
4566:14, no. 4 (1971): 751–69.
4423:Beik, Paul Harold (1965).
4366:Buick, T. Lindsay (1928).
4340:Place Names of New Zealand
4111:Teulet, Alexandre (1863).
3805:"Louis-Philippe Biography"
3767:, BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2008.
3632:. Bloomsbury USA. p.
3466:Paris under Louis Philippe
3300:
3265:Marie Victoire de Noailles
3207:Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon
3184:
3061:
2955:
2420:Saxe-Ernestine House Order
2346:
2337:Order of the Cross of July
2257:
1677:
1575:
1435:American Revolutionary War
1238:. From there they went to
1075:Charles François Dumouriez
1032:Battle of Quiévrain (1792)
762:French conquest of Algeria
439:
29:
10370:Abdicated on the same day
10347:
10255:
10192:
10118:
10095:
10064:
9952:Cult of the Supreme Being
9880:
9869:
9775:
9764:
9723:
9557:
9550:
9435:
9292:
9214:
9125:
9112:Pierre Paul Royer-Collard
9018:
8967:Patriotic Society of 1789
8965:
8954:
8916:
8881:
8851:
8826:
8783:
8770:Karl Philipp Sebottendorf
8692:Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg
8657:
8648:
8626:
8331:
8315:
8304:
8273:
8236:
8209:Convention of Alessandria
8191:
8098:
8045:
7976:
7846:
7820:
7737:
7634:
7561:
7550:
7506:
7495:Law of 22 Floréal Year VI
7487:
7460:
7397:
7333:
7228:
7161:
7110:
7064:
6956:What Is the Third Estate?
6947:
6920:
6909:
6824:
6773:
6754:
6728:
6690:
6664:
6618:
6593:
6514:
6425:
6321:
6197:
6167:
6117:
6070:
6039:
6021:Philippe, Duke of Orléans
6013:
5976:
5950:
5941:Philippe, Duke of Vendôme
5911:
5885:
5864:
5850:François, Prince of Conti
5837:
5808:Francis, Count of Enghien
5795:
5785:
5733:
5707:
5691:
5660:
5614:
5563:
5521:
5492:
5475:
5458:
5441:
5418:
5392:
5328:
5241:
5228:
5079:
5025:
5012:
4905:
4856:
4839:
4828:
4821:
4811:
4802:
4794:
4789:
4779:
4770:
4762:
4755:
4745:
4729:
4721:
4690:
4681:
4663:
4658:
4623:
4509:. Routledge. p. 27.
4101:, accessdate: 22 May 2020
3976:. "III. Louis Philippe".
3880:Bastide, Charles (1927).
3785:de Flers, 1891; pp. 78–81
3696:www.british-history.ac.uk
3385:Charlotte-Aglaé d'Orléans
3370:
3362:
3334:
3312:
3308:
3291:Marie-Adélaïde de Bourbon
3272:
3250:
3242:
3214:
3192:
3188:
3153:
3131:
3123:
3095:
3073:
3069:
3033:
3011:
3003:
2975:
2959:
2303:Knight of the Holy Spirit
2274:
2269:
1658:, heir to the domaine of
1562:Maria Carolina of Austria
1379:Somerindyck family estate
1284:
1008:French Revolutionary Wars
766:French Revolution of 1848
719:French Revolutionary Wars
711:French Revolution of 1848
688:
663:French Revolutionary Wars
655:
629:
619:
611:
591:
561:
556:
552:
540:
530:
520:
510:
498:
432:
404:
378:
361:
338:
334:
330:
318:
306:
296:
288:
277:
266:
258:
248:
244:1 August – 11 August 1830
240:
233:
119:
107:
95:
87:
76:
62:
46:
41:
9660:Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target
9625:Joséphine de Beauharnais
9507:Stanislas-Marie Maillard
9477:François-Nicolas Vincent
9462:Pierre Gaspard Chaumette
8636:Charles-Alexandre Linois
8531:Jean Victor Marie Moreau
8511:François Séverin Marceau
8491:François Joseph Lefebvre
8386:Jean-Étienne Championnet
8361:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
8356:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
8351:Alexandre de Beauharnais
8341:Eustache Charles d'Aoust
8063:French Invasion of Egypt
7941:Second Battle of Bassano
7675:Battle of Kaiserslautern
7449:Conspiracy of the Equals
7142:The Constitution of 1791
7013:Storming of the Bastille
5999:Louis, Count of Clermont
5877:Louis, Count of Soissons
5803:Antoine, King of Navarre
5449:Louis I, Duke of Orléans
5329:Duke as a courtesy title
4749:Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte
4548:(Greenwood Press, 1987)
4209:Jørgen Pedersen (2009).
4169:france-phaleristique.com
4143:france-phaleristique.com
3505:
2724:Princess Marie d'Orléans
2641:
2247:Chapelle royale de Dreux
2184:Philippe, comte de Paris
2180:February 1848 Revolution
2173:February 1848 Revolution
1866:during her visit in 1843
1797:), would bear the title
989:Alexandre de Beauharnais
985:Louis Alexandre Berthier
394:Chapelle royale de Dreux
374:, Surrey, United Kingdom
115:(as President of France)
112:Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
55:Franz Xaver Winterhalter
9640:Jacques-Donatien Le Ray
9512:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
9472:Antoine-François Momoro
9467:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
9284:François de Neufchâteau
9234:Charles-François Lebrun
9176:Jean Baptiste Treilhard
9057:Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas
8933:Luis Firmin de Carvajal
8739:Rudolf Ritter von Otto
8734:Karl Mack von Leiberich
8366:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
8180:Second Battle of Zurich
8071:Irish Rebellion of 1798
7917:First Battle of Bassano
7755:Second Battle of Boulou
7556:Revolutionary campaigns
7514:Coup of 30 Prairial VII
7429:Council of Five Hundred
7217:First republic declared
7153:(1 Oct 1791 – Sep 1792)
7134:Declaration of Pillnitz
6858:Constitutional monarchy
6188:List of French monarchs
5898:Armand, Prince of Conti
5683:Prince Charles Philippe
5601:François, Duke of Guise
5336:Charles-Louis d'Orléans
4601:Encyclopædia Britannica
4089:de Flers, 1891; 162–166
3995:Fieschi, Giuseppe Marco
3924:Mansel, Philip (2003).
3536:notre bien-aimée sœur,
2533:
2498:Knight of St. Januarius
2480:: Husainid Family Order
2294:Reverse: 5 FRANCS, 1834
1919:national history museum
1836:
1721:Henri, Duke of Bordeaux
1480:family in New Orleans.
991:(husband of the future
987:and Lieutenant Colonel
981:Armand Louis de Gontaut
974:Declaration of Pillnitz
832:, the residence of the
797:Ferdinand I of Bulgaria
10476:Monarchs who abdicated
10416:French Roman Catholics
10257:Bonapartist pretenders
10112:
10103:
9969:
9928:
9904:
9885:
9397:Prieur de la Côte-d'Or
9392:Jean-Pierre-André Amar
9302:Maximilien Robespierre
9135:Jacques Pierre Brissot
9000:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
8431:Louis-Charles de Flers
8416:Thomas-Alexandre Dumas
8381:Jean François Carteaux
8156:First Battle of Zurich
8119:(20 Mar – 21 May 1799)
8074:(23 May – 23 Sep 1798)
8034:Treaty of Campo Formio
7780:Glorious First of June
7708:(18 Sep – 18 Dec 1793)
7667:Expedition to Sardinia
7345:Desmoulins guillotined
7280:Assassination of Marat
7272:Fall of the Girondists
7244:Revolutionary Tribunal
7236:Execution of Louis XVI
7126:Champ de Mars massacre
7029:Abolition of Feudalism
6694:(1814–1815; 1815–1830)
6183:List of Frankish kings
6178:Simplified family tree
6083:Louis, Duke of Nemours
5958:Louis, Duke of Orléans
5903:Louis, Duke of Vendôme
5893:Louis, Prince of Condé
5872:Henri, Prince of Condé
5845:Henri, Prince of Condé
5820:Louis, Prince of Condé
5596:Louis, Prince of Condé
5235:
5019:
4595:"Louis-Philippe"
4323:The Knights of England
3870:Fortescue, 2005; p. 27
3846:Fortescue, 2005; p. 28
3837:Fortescue, 2005; p. 29
3624:Bukhari, Emir (1976).
3026:Auguste of Baden-Baden
2751:Louis, Duke of Nemours
2582:
2441:Military William Order
2386:Knight of the Elephant
2228:, who lived nearby at
2175:
2161:
2097:, and numerous staff.
2079:Place de la République
2067:Giuseppe Mario Fieschi
2059:
2040:Assassination attempts
2037:
1879:
1867:
1852:
1750:. Later he became the
1712:
1709:Louise Adélaïde Desnos
1700:
1692:
1558:Ferdinand IV of Naples
1534:
1507:and (later) father of
1452:, planning to sail to
1347:
1297:
1181:
1154:Revolutionary Tribunal
948:
922:Revolution (1789–1793)
825:
715:French Second Republic
648:14th Dragoons Regiment
161:Étienne Maurice Gérard
10110:
10101:
9842:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
9107:Jean-Charles Pichegru
9087:Jean-François Rewbell
8573:Jean-Charles Pichegru
8456:Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
8446:Jacques Maurice Hatry
8217:Battle of Hohenlinden
8090:(12 Oct – 5 Dec 1798)
7925:Battle of Emmendingen
7872:Battle of Castiglione
7759:(30 Apr – 1 May 1794)
7690:Battle of Hondschoote
7361:Thermidorian Reaction
7325:(throughout the year)
7098:Fête de la Fédération
7024:(20 Jul – 5 Aug 1789)
7008:(9 Jul – 30 Sep 1791)
6992:(17 Jun – 9 Jul 1790)
5261:Crown lands of France
5234:
5216:Crown lands of France
5210:Charles II of Alençon
5177:Crown lands of France
5117:Theobald III of Blois
5018:
4988:Louis Philippe Joseph
4842:— TITULAR —
4713:Emperor of the French
4032:Harsin, Jill (2002).
3856:Price, Roger (1993).
3794:de Flers, 1891; p. 88
3598:Spencer, Erika Hope.
2880:Henri, Duke of Aumale
2600:of the New Zealand's
2572:
2439:: Grand Cross of the
2418:: Grand Cross of the
2250:, the Orléans family
2169:Alphonse de Lamartine
2167:
2151:
2047:
2000:
1873:
1858:
1844:
1805:Princesses of Orléans
1739:for the young Henri.
1706:
1698:
1687:
1650:title, and permitted
1590:, at the time of the
1526:
1478:Marigny de Mandeville
1361:to 1798), staying in
1345:
1292:
1171:
1036:Pierre Marie de Grave
942:
819:
789:Leopold II of Belgium
612:Years of service
586:French First Republic
147:Casimir-Pierre Périer
10436:Dukes of Montpensier
10330:Napoléon VII Charles
9770:Influential thinkers
9517:Jean-François Varlet
9417:Jean-Lambert Tallien
9412:Jean Bon Saint-André
9239:Pierre-Joseph Cambon
9161:Marquis de Condorcet
9010:Nicolas de Condorcet
8775:Dagobert von Wurmser
8608:Louis-Gabriel Suchet
8551:Pierre-Jacques Osten
8466:Jean-Baptiste Kléber
8401:Louis-Nicolas Davout
8391:Chapuis de Tourville
7933:Battle of Schliengen
7880:Battle of Theiningen
7801:Battle of Aldenhoven
7685:Battle of Wattignies
7654:Battle of Neerwinden
7468:Coup of 18 Fructidor
6981:Death of the Dauphin
6173:Detailed family tree
5779:Princes of the Blood
5652:Prince Luis Fernando
5153:Isabelle of Chartres
5147:Theobald VI of Blois
5129:Theobald IV of Blois
5105:Theobald II of Blois
4805:French Head of State
4732:Co-Prince of Andorra
4635:Cadet branch of the
4589:at Wikimedia Commons
4555:28 June 2011 at the
4368:The French at Akaroa
4325:, volume=I, London,
4321:Shaw, Wm. A. (1906)
4119:(in French) (2): 111
3664:. 12 September 1981.
3588:Until 9 August 1830
3579:Since 9 August 1830
3547:princesses d'Orléans
3456:Louis Philippe style
2803:Clémentine d'Orléans
2716:Leopold I of Belgium
2112:commemorative plaque
1923:Palace of Versailles
1816:Nicholas I of Russia
1775:monarchy to a people
1771:Constitution of 1791
1476:, as well as by the
1446:coup of 18 Fructidor
1417:and as far north as
1365:(where his brothers
1143:Constitution of 1791
1067:Louis-Nicolas Davout
1012:Austrian Netherlands
1002:declared war on the
678:Battle of Neerwinden
212:The Duke of Dalmatia
202:The Duke of Dalmatia
154:The Duke of Dalmatia
10411:Nobility from Paris
10352:Orléanist pretender
10124:Unionist pretenders
9857:Mary Wollstonecraft
9635:Jean Sylvain Bailly
9422:Pierre Louis Prieur
9367:Jean-Henri Voulland
9342:Jacques-Louis David
9274:Jean Joseph Mounier
8975:Jean Sylvain Bailly
8613:Belgrand de Vaubois
8501:Jean-Antoine Marbot
8441:Emmanuel de Grouchy
8246:Treaty of Lunéville
7885:Battle of Neresheim
7830:Siege of Luxembourg
7809:Siege of Luxembourg
7764:Battle of Tourcoing
7695:Siege of Bellegarde
7522:Coup of 18 Brumaire
7434:Council of Ancients
7209:National Convention
7201:September Massacres
7177:Brunswick Manifesto
7169:France declares war
6936:Assembly of Vizille
6609:Henry VI of England
5181:Philip IV of France
5135:Theobald V of Blois
5093:Theobald I of Blois
4725:Charles X of France
4537:Lucas-Dubreton, J.
4190:H. Tarlier (1854).
3828:Price, 1993; p. 168
2311:Grand Cross of the
2226:Marquess of Bristol
2075:Boulevard du Temple
1905:for reinterment at
1769:in the short-lived
1729:Chamber of Deputies
1617:Altesse Serenissime
1592:Bourbon Restoration
1556:, daughter of King
1541:, daughter of King
1513:Great Ealing School
1186:National Convention
1128:National Convention
877:Bourbon Restoration
858:Prince of the Blood
742:Bourbon Restoration
642:4th Brigade of the
182:The Duke of Broglie
175:The Duke of Trévise
168:The Duke of Bassano
103:(as King of France)
10506:Princes of Andorra
10113:
10104:
9695:Loménie de Brienne
9670:Madame de Lamballe
9605:Napoléon Bonaparte
9402:Prieur de la Marne
9317:Camille Desmoulins
9171:Marie Jean Hérault
9047:Jean-Sifrein Maury
9042:Arnaud de La Porte
8898:Alexander Korsakov
8684:Count of Clerfayt
8603:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
8516:Auguste de Marmont
8371:Napoléon Bonaparte
8262:Algeciras campaign
8254:Treaty of Florence
8132:Battle of Stockach
7965:Ireland expedition
7949:Battle of Calliano
7909:Battle of Rovereto
7901:Battle of Würzburg
7353:Law of 22 Prairial
7322:Anti-clerical laws
7297:The Death of Marat
7118:Flight to Varennes
6756:House of Bonaparte
6666:House of Bonaparte
6596:House of Lancaster
6162:Monarchs of France
6122:died without issue
5814:Charles de Bourbon
5386:Princes of Orléans
5313:Ferdinand Philippe
5236:
5159:Matilda of Amboise
5020:
4998:Ferdinand Philippe
4948:Charles Maximilian
4849:King of the French
4823:Titles in pretence
4790:Political offices
4783:Ferdinand Philippe
4700:Title next held by
4696:Monarchy abolished
4684:King of the French
4564:Historical Journal
3953:www.britannica.com
2797:as her godfather.
2583:
2327:Order of St. Louis
2285:Obverse: (French)
2207:president for life
2176:
2162:
2077:, which connected
2060:
1951:Battle of Poitiers
1880:
1868:
1853:
1763:King of the French
1713:
1701:
1693:
1641:Battle of Waterloo
1539:Princess Elizabeth
1535:
1532:Ferdinand Philippe
1466:colonial Louisiana
1399:Alexander Hamilton
1387:Union Oyster House
1348:
1331:. He lived in the
1298:
1182:
1116:Jean-Nicolas Pache
958:flight to Varennes
949:
906:In 1788, with the
893:Countess of Genlis
826:
703:King of the French
673:Battle of Jemappes
624:Lieutenant general
262:Position abolished
224:Louis-Mathieu Molé
196:Louis-Mathieu Molé
64:King of the French
10441:Dukes of Chartres
10360:
10359:
10355:
10314:Napoléon V Victor
10310:Napoléon V Jérôme
10299:
10296:Emperor 1852–1870
10066:Monarchy in exile
10020:
10019:
10016:
10015:
9894:Cockade of France
9865:
9864:
9827:Antoine Lavoisier
9817:Benjamin Franklin
9797:Anacharsis Cloots
9760:
9759:
9756:
9755:
9680:Louis de Breteuil
9522:Theophile Leclerc
8950:
8949:
8946:
8945:
8903:Alexander Suvorov
8644:
8643:
8578:Józef Poniatowski
8496:Étienne Macdonald
8300:
8299:
8201:Battle of Marengo
8164:Battle of Trebbia
8148:Battle of Cassano
8140:Battle of Magnano
8124:Battle of Ostrach
8026:Battle of Neuwied
7788:Battle of Fleurus
7772:Battle of Tournay
7649:War in the Vendée
7585:Royalist Revolts
7546:
7545:
7103:
7079:Abolition of the
6997:Tennis Court Oath
6989:National Assembly
6818:French Revolution
6784:
6783:
6745:Louis Philippe II
6668:(1804–1814; 1815)
6129:
6128:
6124:
5745:
5744:
5352:
5351:
5308:French Revolution
5296:Louis Philippe II
5255:Alfonso II d'Este
5198:Charles of Valois
5187:Charles of Valois
5039:
5038:
5026:Current claimants
4953:Alexandre Édouard
4866:
4865:
4860:Louis Philippe II
4857:Succeeded by
4854:24 February 1848
4844:
4835:Republic declared
4812:Succeeded by
4780:Succeeded by
4766:Louis Philippe II
4746:Succeeded by
4738:Simó de Guardiola
4717:
4679:
4625:Louis Philippe I
4585:Media related to
4516:978-0-4153-1462-6
4434:978-0-4420-0077-6
4349:978-0-1432-0410-7
4222:978-8-7767-4434-2
4047:978-0-3122-9479-3
3749:(subscription or
3727:978-0-3123-3002-6
3430:
3429:
3426:
3425:
2932:
2931:
2874:Died aged eight.
2857:Charles d'Orléans
2598:Canterbury Region
2416:Ernestine duchies
2299:
2298:
2295:
2290:
2209:and then Emperor
2107:Machine infernale
2005:Mont-Saint-Michel
1913:in 1833, and the
1899:Duke of Joinville
1831:Carlota of Mexico
1748:Comte de Chambord
1668:Jules de Polignac
1664:Joseph de Villèle
1637:Army of the North
1403:George Washington
1302:Princess of Conti
1164:Exile (1793–1815)
1048:Army of the North
1040:brigadier general
1004:Habsburg monarchy
1000:Kingdom of France
993:Empress Joséphine
912:Mont Saint-Michel
908:French Revolution
873:French Revolution
801:Mercedes of Spain
793:Carlota of Mexico
707:monarch of France
692:
691:
644:Army of the North
574:Kingdom of France
356:Kingdom of France
16:(Redirected from
10553:
10431:Dukes of Enghien
10426:House of Orléans
10386:Louis Philippe I
10371:
10368:
10349:
10293:
10047:
10040:
10033:
10024:
10023:
9974:
9962:Temple of Reason
9933:
9909:
9890:
9871:
9870:
9822:Thomas Jefferson
9766:
9765:
9685:de Chateaubriand
9615:Joseph Bonaparte
9610:Lucien Bonaparte
9600:Marie Antoinette
9555:
9554:
9542:Sylvain Maréchal
9497:François Hanriot
9332:Louis Philippe I
9259:Louis Philippe I
9254:Philippe Égalité
9196:Olympe de Gouges
9166:Charlotte Corday
9156:Étienne Clavière
8956:
8955:
8938:Antonio Ricardos
8923:
8922:
8908:Andrei Rosenberg
8888:
8887:
8858:
8857:
8833:
8832:
8803:Ralph Abercromby
8790:
8789:
8765:
8742:
8729:
8721:
8713:
8700:
8687:
8664:
8663:
8655:
8654:
8559:
8506:Marcellin Marbot
8329:
8328:
8322:
8321:
8310:Military leaders
8306:
8305:
8293:
8285:
8281:Treaty of Amiens
8266:
8258:
8250:
8229:
8221:
8213:
8205:
8184:
8183:(25–26 Sep 1799)
8176:
8168:
8167:(17–20 Jun 1799)
8160:
8152:
8151:(27–28 Apr 1799)
8144:
8136:
8128:
8127:(20–21 Mar 1799)
8120:
8112:
8108:Second Coalition
8091:
8083:
8075:
8067:
8059:
8038:
8030:
8022:
8018:Treaty of Leoben
8014:
8006:
8005:(14–15 Jan 1797)
8002:Battle of Rivoli
7998:
7990:
7986:Italian campaign
7969:
7961:
7960:(15–17 Nov 1796)
7957:Battle of Arcole
7953:
7945:
7937:
7929:
7921:
7913:
7905:
7897:
7893:Battle of Amberg
7889:
7876:
7868:
7864:Battle of Lonato
7860:
7856:Italian campaign
7834:
7813:
7805:
7792:
7784:
7776:
7768:
7760:
7751:
7730:
7729:(26–27 Dec 1793)
7717:
7709:
7671:
7663:
7659:Battle of Famars
7627:
7552:
7551:
7534:
7526:
7518:
7499:
7480:
7472:
7453:
7445:
7425:
7417:
7409:
7390:
7382:
7374:
7365:
7357:
7349:
7326:
7318:
7310:
7302:
7292:
7284:
7276:
7256:
7248:
7240:
7221:
7213:
7205:
7197:
7189:
7181:
7173:
7154:
7146:
7138:
7130:
7122:
7121:(20–21 Jun 1791)
7101:
7093:
7085:
7076:
7057:
7049:
7041:
7033:
7025:
7017:
7009:
7001:
6993:
6985:
6977:
6969:
6961:
6940:
6932:
6928:Day of the Tiles
6911:
6910:
6811:
6804:
6797:
6788:
6787:
6739:Louis Philippe I
6730:House of Orléans
6692:House of Bourbon
6620:House of Bourbon
6156:
6149:
6142:
6133:
6132:
6120:
5832:
5772:
5765:
5758:
5749:
5748:
5740:
5413:
5379:
5372:
5365:
5356:
5355:
5344:
5290:Louis Philippe I
5141:Louis I of Blois
5123:Stephen of Blois
5066:
5059:
5052:
5043:
5042:
4906:Dukes of Orléans
4899:Dukes of Orléans
4892:
4885:
4878:
4869:
4868:
4840:
4795:Preceded by
4763:Preceded by
4722:Preceded by
4708:
4670:
4664:Preceded by
4654:
4647:
4638:House of Bourbon
4630:House of Orléans
4621:
4620:
4605:
4597:
4587:Louis Philippe I
4584:
4523:Howarth, T.E.B.
4520:
4501:
4478:de Flers, Robert
4473:
4446:
4427:. Van Nostrand.
4419:
4394:
4372:
4371:
4363:
4354:
4353:
4335:
4329:
4319:
4313:
4312:
4303:
4297:
4296:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4272:
4266:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4233:
4227:
4226:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4150:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4108:
4102:
4096:
4090:
4087:
4081:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4029:
4023:
4022:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3945:
3939:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3921:
3915:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3877:
3871:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3853:
3847:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3829:
3826:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3801:
3795:
3792:
3786:
3783:
3777:
3774:
3768:
3761:
3755:
3754:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3710:
3704:
3703:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3631:
3621:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3595:
3589:
3586:
3580:
3577:
3555:
3516:
3450:
3448:Biography portal
3445:
3444:
3443:
2949:
2948:
2940:
2939:
2915:
2888:
2865:
2838:
2817:16 February 1907
2811:
2784:
2759:
2732:
2702:
2694:Louise d'Orléans
2678:3 September 1810
2675:
2646:
2645:
2556:
2544:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2466:21 February 1834
2456:
2454:
2453:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2341:13 December 1830
2319:; Grand Master,
2313:Legion of Honour
2293:
2284:
2279:
2267:
2266:
2158:Charles Philipon
2124:
1983:1848 Revolutions
1733:House of Bourbon
1596:House of Bourbon
1566:Marie Antoinette
1373:were in exile),
1360:
1357:
1203:Antoine Philippe
1136:Philippe Égalité
1132:the deposed King
935:Military service
854:House of Bourbon
846:Louis Philippe I
824:(27 August 1787)
785:Bonaparte family
699:the Citizen King
695:Louis Philippe I
604:
602:
601:
593:
584:
582:
581:
572:
570:
569:
548:
443:
426:
424:
368:
348:
346:
321:
309:
282:
140:Jacques Laffitte
134:
124:
83:
82:24 February 1848
80:9 August 1830 –
51:
42:Louis Philippe I
39:
38:
21:
10561:
10560:
10556:
10555:
10554:
10552:
10551:
10550:
10546:Dukes of Valois
10541:Royal reburials
10491:French generals
10421:Kings of France
10376:
10375:
10374:
10369:
10365:
10361:
10356:
10343:
10251:
10188:
10114:
10105:
10093:
10060:
10051:
10021:
10012:
9887:La Marseillaise
9876:
9875:Cultural impact
9861:
9771:
9752:
9719:
9675:Madame du Barry
9665:Catherine Théot
9655:Thérésa Tallien
9546:
9537:Gracchus Babeuf
9482:François Chabot
9439:
9431:
9352:Georges Couthon
9347:Marquis de Sade
9312:Jean-Paul Marat
9288:
9244:Bertrand Barère
9210:
9121:
9102:Boissy d'Anglas
9097:Madame de Staël
9062:Antoine Barnave
9030:
9023:
9014:
8961:
8942:
8917:
8912:
8882:
8877:
8852:
8847:
8827:
8822:
8784:
8779:
8763:
8740:
8727:
8719:
8711:
8698:
8685:
8674:József Alvinczi
8658:
8640:
8622:
8563:Nicolas Oudinot
8553:
8486:Claude Lecourbe
8481:Charles Leclerc
8376:Guillaume Brune
8346:Pierre Augereau
8316:
8311:
8296:
8291:
8289:Treaty of Paris
8283:
8269:
8264:
8256:
8248:
8232:
8227:
8219:
8211:
8203:
8187:
8182:
8174:
8166:
8158:
8150:
8142:
8134:
8126:
8118:
8110:
8094:
8089:
8081:
8073:
8065:
8057:
8041:
8036:
8028:
8020:
8012:
8004:
7996:
7988:
7972:
7967:
7959:
7951:
7943:
7935:
7927:
7919:
7911:
7903:
7895:
7887:
7874:
7866:
7858:
7842:
7832:
7816:
7811:
7803:
7790:
7782:
7774:
7766:
7758:
7749:
7733:
7728:
7715:
7707:
7705:Siege of Toulon
7669:
7661:
7644:First Coalition
7630:
7621:
7557:
7542:
7532:
7524:
7516:
7502:
7497:
7483:
7478:
7470:
7456:
7451:
7443:
7423:
7415:
7407:
7393:
7388:
7380:
7372:
7363:
7355:
7347:
7329:
7324:
7316:
7308:
7306:Law of Suspects
7300:
7290:
7282:
7274:
7254:
7252:Reign of Terror
7246:
7238:
7224:
7219:
7211:
7203:
7195:
7187:
7179:
7171:
7157:
7152:
7144:
7136:
7128:
7120:
7106:
7091:
7083:
7074:
7060:
7055:
7047:
7039:
7032:(4–11 Aug 1789)
7031:
7023:
7015:
7007:
6999:
6991:
6983:
6975:
6967:
6965:Réveillon riots
6959:
6943:
6938:
6930:
6916:
6905:
6820:
6815:
6785:
6780:
6769:
6750:
6724:
6686:
6660:
6614:
6589:
6516:House of Valois
6510:
6421:
6382:Charles the Fat
6341:Pepin the Short
6326:
6317:
6193:
6192:
6163:
6160:
6130:
6125:
6113:
6071:10th generation
6066:
6035:
6009:
5972:
5946:
5907:
5881:
5860:
5833:
5824:
5791:
5781:
5776:
5746:
5741:
5735:
5729:
5708:12th generation
5703:
5692:11th generation
5687:
5661:10th generation
5656:
5610:
5559:
5517:
5488:
5471:
5454:
5437:
5414:
5405:
5388:
5383:
5353:
5348:
5338:
5324:
5249:Renée of France
5237:
5226:
5221:Renée of France
5165:John I of Blois
5111:Odo II of Blois
5075:
5070:
5040:
5035:
5021:
5010:
4901:
4896:
4862:
4853:
4845:
4837:
4832:
4817:
4808:
4800:
4785:
4776:
4773:Duke of Orléans
4768:
4757:French nobility
4751:
4742:
4734:
4727:
4707:
4701:
4698:
4687:
4669:
4648:
4642:
4641:
4633:
4626:
4611:, published in
4592:
4577:
4557:Wayback Machine
4517:
4462:
4435:
4408:10.2307/2548358
4381:
4376:
4375:
4364:
4357:
4350:
4336:
4332:
4320:
4316:
4305:
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4274:
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4269:
4259:
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4230:
4223:
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4188:
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4174:
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4163:
4162:
4158:
4148:
4146:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4122:
4120:
4109:
4105:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4084:
4076:
4072:
4059:
4055:
4048:
4030:
4026:
3993:Bouveiron, A.;
3991:
3987:
3971:
3967:
3957:
3955:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3937:
3933:
3922:
3918:
3913:
3909:
3894:10.2307/2548358
3878:
3874:
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3808:
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3798:
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3762:
3758:
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3743:
3728:
3711:
3707:
3690:
3688:
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3673:
3669:
3656:
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3651:
3644:
3622:
3618:
3608:
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3596:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3558:
3517:
3513:
3508:
3489:
3446:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3431:
2968:Louis d'Orléans
2937:
2921:4 February 1890
2891:16 January 1822
2762:25 October 1814
2708:11 October 1850
2644:
2567:
2560:
2557:
2548:
2545:
2536:
2528:11 October 1844
2512:
2510:
2485:
2483:
2478:Beylik of Tunis
2472:
2470:
2451:
2449:
2430:
2428:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2375:
2373:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2307:2 February 1789
2265:
2260:
2222:Bury St Edmunds
2203:Second Republic
2146:
2118:
2116:Joseph Rieussec
2042:
2029:
2028:
1975:National Guards
1915:Arc de Triomphe
1862:arrives at the
1839:
1800:Duke of Orléans
1717:July Revolution
1690:July Revolution
1682:
1676:
1621:Serene Highness
1580:
1574:
1547:Queen Charlotte
1530:, with her son
1521:
1472:in the town of
1439:François Guizot
1358:
1287:
1275:Monsieur Chabos
1166:
1150:Reign of Terror
1130:decided to put
1107:to the west of
1071:Nicolas Oudinot
1044:Nicolas Luckner
937:
924:
889:
862:Serene Highness
842:Duke of Orléans
814:
809:
758:François Guizot
750:July Revolution
735:Reign of Terror
684:
668:Battle of Valmy
651:
599:
597:
579:
577:
576:
567:
565:
557:Military career
505:Bourbon-Orléans
494:
437:
436:
428:
425: 1809)
420:
416:
413:
400:
399:
370:
366:
350:
344:
342:
325:Jacques Laffite
319:
307:
283:
278:
229:
225:
220:
218:François Guizot
213:
208:
203:
198:
191:
184:
177:
170:
163:
156:
149:
142:
136:
135:
130:
122:Prime ministers
120:
114:
102:
81:
72:
58:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10559:
10549:
10548:
10543:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10523:
10518:
10513:
10508:
10503:
10498:
10493:
10488:
10483:
10478:
10473:
10468:
10463:
10458:
10453:
10448:
10443:
10438:
10433:
10428:
10423:
10418:
10413:
10408:
10403:
10398:
10393:
10388:
10373:
10372:
10362:
10358:
10357:
10348:
10345:
10344:
10342:
10341:
10326:
10320:
10306:
10300:
10287:
10281:
10275:
10269:
10262:
10260:
10259:(1814–present)
10253:
10252:
10250:
10249:
10242:
10236:
10230:
10224:
10218:
10212:
10206:
10199:
10197:
10196:(1883–present)
10190:
10189:
10187:
10186:
10179:
10173:
10167:
10161:
10155:
10148:
10142:
10136:
10129:
10127:
10126:(1830–present)
10116:
10115:
10096:
10094:
10092:
10091:
10084:
10078:
10071:
10069:
10062:
10061:
10050:
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10027:
10018:
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10013:
10011:
10010:
10005:
10000:
9995:
9990:
9985:
9980:
9975:
9966:
9965:
9964:
9957:Cult of Reason
9954:
9949:
9944:
9939:
9934:
9925:
9920:
9915:
9910:
9901:
9899:Flag of France
9896:
9891:
9881:
9878:
9877:
9867:
9866:
9863:
9862:
9860:
9859:
9854:
9849:
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9839:
9834:
9829:
9824:
9819:
9814:
9809:
9804:
9799:
9794:
9789:
9784:
9776:
9773:
9772:
9762:
9761:
9758:
9757:
9754:
9753:
9751:
9750:
9745:
9744:
9743:
9738:
9727:
9725:
9721:
9720:
9718:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9705:Jacques Necker
9702:
9697:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9677:
9672:
9667:
9662:
9657:
9652:
9647:
9642:
9637:
9632:
9627:
9622:
9617:
9612:
9607:
9602:
9597:
9592:
9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9561:
9559:
9552:
9548:
9547:
9545:
9544:
9539:
9534:
9529:
9527:Claire Lacombe
9524:
9519:
9514:
9509:
9504:
9499:
9494:
9489:
9484:
9479:
9474:
9469:
9464:
9459:
9454:
9452:Jacques Hébert
9448:
9446:
9433:
9432:
9430:
9429:
9424:
9419:
9414:
9409:
9404:
9399:
9394:
9389:
9384:
9379:
9374:
9369:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9334:
9329:
9324:
9319:
9314:
9309:
9307:Georges Danton
9304:
9298:
9296:
9290:
9289:
9287:
9286:
9281:
9276:
9271:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9251:
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9241:
9236:
9231:
9226:
9220:
9218:
9212:
9211:
9209:
9208:
9203:
9198:
9193:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9173:
9168:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9151:Henri Grégoire
9147:
9142:
9137:
9131:
9129:
9123:
9122:
9120:
9119:
9114:
9109:
9104:
9099:
9094:
9092:Camille Jordan
9089:
9084:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9044:
9039:
9033:
9031:
9019:
9016:
9015:
9013:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8971:
8969:
8963:
8962:
8952:
8951:
8948:
8947:
8944:
8943:
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8940:
8935:
8929:
8927:
8914:
8913:
8911:
8910:
8905:
8900:
8894:
8892:
8879:
8878:
8876:
8875:
8870:
8864:
8862:
8849:
8848:
8846:
8845:
8839:
8837:
8824:
8823:
8821:
8820:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8796:
8794:
8781:
8780:
8778:
8777:
8772:
8767:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8736:
8731:
8723:
8715:
8707:
8702:
8694:
8689:
8681:
8676:
8670:
8668:
8652:
8646:
8645:
8642:
8641:
8639:
8638:
8632:
8630:
8624:
8623:
8621:
8620:
8615:
8610:
8605:
8600:
8595:
8590:
8585:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8508:
8503:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8443:
8438:
8433:
8428:
8423:
8418:
8413:
8408:
8403:
8398:
8393:
8388:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8337:
8335:
8326:
8313:
8312:
8302:
8301:
8298:
8297:
8295:
8294:
8286:
8277:
8275:
8271:
8270:
8268:
8267:
8259:
8251:
8242:
8240:
8234:
8233:
8231:
8230:
8222:
8214:
8206:
8197:
8195:
8189:
8188:
8186:
8185:
8177:
8172:Battle of Novi
8169:
8161:
8159:(4–7 Jun 1799)
8153:
8145:
8137:
8129:
8121:
8113:
8104:
8102:
8096:
8095:
8093:
8092:
8084:
8076:
8068:
8060:
8051:
8049:
8043:
8042:
8040:
8039:
8031:
8023:
8015:
8007:
7999:
7991:
7982:
7980:
7974:
7973:
7971:
7970:
7962:
7954:
7952:(6–7 Nov 1796)
7946:
7938:
7930:
7922:
7914:
7906:
7898:
7890:
7882:
7877:
7869:
7867:(3–4 Aug 1796)
7861:
7852:
7850:
7844:
7843:
7841:
7840:
7838:Peace of Basel
7835:
7826:
7824:
7818:
7817:
7815:
7814:
7806:
7798:
7793:
7785:
7777:
7769:
7761:
7752:
7743:
7741:
7735:
7734:
7732:
7731:
7723:
7718:
7710:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7682:
7680:Siege of Mainz
7677:
7672:
7664:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7640:
7638:
7632:
7631:
7629:
7628:
7616:
7611:
7609:Siege of Mainz
7606:
7601:
7600:
7599:
7596:
7591:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7567:
7565:
7559:
7558:
7548:
7547:
7544:
7543:
7541:
7540:
7535:
7527:
7519:
7510:
7508:
7504:
7503:
7501:
7500:
7491:
7489:
7485:
7484:
7482:
7481:
7473:
7464:
7462:
7458:
7457:
7455:
7454:
7446:
7441:13 Vendémiaire
7438:
7437:
7436:
7431:
7418:
7410:
7401:
7399:
7395:
7394:
7392:
7391:
7383:
7375:
7366:
7358:
7350:
7337:
7335:
7331:
7330:
7328:
7327:
7319:
7311:
7303:
7293:
7288:Levée en masse
7285:
7277:
7269:
7268:
7267:
7262:
7249:
7241:
7232:
7230:
7226:
7225:
7223:
7222:
7214:
7206:
7198:
7193:10th of August
7190:
7182:
7174:
7165:
7163:
7159:
7158:
7156:
7155:
7147:
7139:
7131:
7123:
7114:
7112:
7108:
7107:
7105:
7104:
7094:
7086:
7077:
7075:(Feb–Jul 1790)
7068:
7066:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7058:
7050:
7042:
7034:
7026:
7018:
7010:
7002:
6994:
6986:
6978:
6970:
6962:
6951:
6949:
6945:
6944:
6942:
6941:
6933:
6924:
6922:
6918:
6917:
6907:
6906:
6904:
6903:
6896:
6889:
6882:
6875:
6868:
6861:
6854:
6847:
6840:
6833:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6814:
6813:
6806:
6799:
6791:
6782:
6781:
6774:
6771:
6770:
6768:
6767:
6761:
6759:
6752:
6751:
6749:
6748:
6741:
6735:
6733:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6722:
6715:
6708:
6703:
6697:
6695:
6688:
6687:
6685:
6684:
6677:
6671:
6669:
6662:
6661:
6659:
6658:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6625:
6623:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6612:
6604:
6602:
6591:
6590:
6588:
6587:
6582:
6577:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6521:
6519:
6512:
6511:
6509:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6432:
6430:
6427:House of Capet
6423:
6422:
6420:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6354:
6348:
6343:
6337:
6335:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6288:Childebert III
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6204:
6202:
6195:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6169:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6158:
6151:
6144:
6136:
6127:
6126:
6118:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6111:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6074:
6072:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6043:
6041:
6040:9th generation
6037:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6017:
6015:
6014:8th generation
6011:
6010:
6008:
6007:
6002:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5980:
5978:
5977:7th generation
5974:
5973:
5971:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5954:
5952:
5951:6th generation
5948:
5947:
5945:
5944:
5938:
5932:
5927:
5921:
5915:
5913:
5912:5th generation
5909:
5908:
5906:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5889:
5887:
5886:4th generation
5883:
5882:
5880:
5879:
5874:
5868:
5866:
5865:3rd generation
5862:
5861:
5859:
5858:
5852:
5847:
5841:
5839:
5838:2nd generation
5835:
5834:
5827:
5825:
5823:
5822:
5817:
5811:
5805:
5799:
5797:
5796:1st generation
5793:
5792:
5786:
5783:
5782:
5775:
5774:
5767:
5760:
5752:
5743:
5742:
5734:
5731:
5730:
5728:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5711:
5709:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5701:
5695:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5685:
5680:
5678:Prince Ataúlfo
5675:
5670:
5664:
5662:
5658:
5657:
5655:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5618:
5616:
5615:9th generation
5612:
5611:
5609:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5567:
5565:
5564:8th generation
5561:
5560:
5558:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5525:
5523:
5522:7th generation
5519:
5518:
5516:
5515:
5509:
5503:
5496:
5494:
5493:6th generation
5490:
5489:
5487:
5486:
5479:
5477:
5476:5th generation
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5462:
5460:
5459:4th generation
5456:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5445:
5443:
5442:3rd generation
5439:
5438:
5436:
5435:
5429:
5422:
5420:
5419:2nd generation
5416:
5415:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5396:
5394:
5393:1st generation
5390:
5389:
5382:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5359:
5350:
5349:
5347:
5346:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5322:
5316:
5310:
5305:
5302:Louis Philippe
5299:
5293:
5287:
5281:
5275:
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4646:6 October 1773
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2154:Honoré Daumier
2145:
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2053:, 28 July 1835
2041:
2038:
2011:, and used by
1995:Les Misérables
1971:June Rebellion
1943:Windsor Castle
1939:Queen Victoria
1911:Vendôme Column
1860:Queen Victoria
1838:
1835:
1773:. Linking the
1744:United Kingdom
1678:Main article:
1675:
1672:
1648:Altesse Royale
1633:Comte d'Artois
1613:Royal Highness
1609:Altesse Royale
1573:
1570:
1520:
1517:
1509:Queen Victoria
1503:, son of King
1489:Gulf of Mexico
1470:Julien Poydras
1391:George Clinton
1295:James Sharples
1286:
1283:
1271:Grisons league
1257:, and then to
1165:
1162:
1094:Georges Danton
936:
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9942:Metric system
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9741:Panthéon Club
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9407:Gilbert Romme
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9229:de Cambacérès
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9145:Madame Roland
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9082:André Chénier
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9037:Grace Elliott
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8647:
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8631:
8629:
8625:
8619:
8616:
8614:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8604:
8601:
8599:
8598:Joseph Souham
8596:
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8571:
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8544:
8542:
8541:Joachim Murat
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8521:André Masséna
8519:
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8409:
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8397:
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8389:
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8379:
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8342:
8339:
8338:
8336:
8334:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8320:
8314:
8307:
8303:
8292:(25 Jun 1802)
8290:
8287:
8284:(25 Mar 1802)
8282:
8279:
8278:
8276:
8272:
8263:
8260:
8257:(18 Mar 1801)
8255:
8252:
8247:
8244:
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8241:
8239:
8235:
8226:
8223:
8218:
8215:
8212:(15 Jun 1800)
8210:
8207:
8204:(14 Jun 1800)
8202:
8199:
8198:
8196:
8194:
8190:
8181:
8178:
8175:(15 Aug 1799)
8173:
8170:
8165:
8162:
8157:
8154:
8149:
8146:
8141:
8138:
8135:(25 Mar 1799)
8133:
8130:
8125:
8122:
8117:
8116:Siege of Acre
8114:
8109:
8106:
8105:
8103:
8101:
8097:
8088:
8087:Peasants' War
8085:
8080:
8077:
8072:
8069:
8064:
8061:
8056:
8053:
8052:
8050:
8048:
8044:
8037:(17 Oct 1797)
8035:
8032:
8029:(18 Apr 1797)
8027:
8024:
8021:(17 Apr 1797)
8019:
8016:
8013:(25 Jan 1797)
8011:
8008:
8003:
8000:
7997:(13 Jan 1797)
7995:
7992:
7987:
7984:
7983:
7981:
7979:
7975:
7966:
7963:
7958:
7955:
7950:
7947:
7942:
7939:
7936:(26 Oct 1796)
7934:
7931:
7928:(19 Oct 1796)
7926:
7923:
7918:
7915:
7910:
7907:
7902:
7899:
7896:(24 Aug 1796)
7894:
7891:
7888:(11 Aug 1796)
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7873:
7870:
7865:
7862:
7857:
7854:
7853:
7851:
7849:
7845:
7839:
7836:
7831:
7828:
7827:
7825:
7823:
7819:
7810:
7807:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7794:
7791:(26 Jun 1794)
7789:
7786:
7781:
7778:
7775:(22 May 1794)
7773:
7770:
7767:(18 May 1794)
7765:
7762:
7756:
7753:
7750:(24 Apr 1794)
7748:
7745:
7744:
7742:
7740:
7736:
7727:
7724:
7722:
7719:
7716:(13 Oct 1793)
7714:
7711:
7706:
7703:
7701:
7698:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7681:
7678:
7676:
7673:
7668:
7665:
7662:(23 May 1793)
7660:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7641:
7639:
7637:
7633:
7625:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7610:
7607:
7605:
7602:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7586:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7568:
7566:
7564:
7560:
7553:
7549:
7539:
7536:
7533:(24 Dec 1799)
7531:
7528:
7523:
7520:
7517:(18 Jun 1799)
7515:
7512:
7511:
7509:
7505:
7498:(11 May 1798)
7496:
7493:
7492:
7490:
7486:
7477:
7474:
7469:
7466:
7465:
7463:
7459:
7450:
7447:
7442:
7439:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
7426:
7422:
7419:
7416:(22 Aug 1795)
7414:
7411:
7406:
7403:
7402:
7400:
7396:
7389:(11 Nov 1794)
7387:
7384:
7379:
7376:
7373:(28 Jul 1794)
7370:
7367:
7364:(27 Jul 1794)
7362:
7359:
7356:(10 Jun 1794)
7354:
7351:
7346:
7342:
7339:
7338:
7336:
7332:
7323:
7320:
7317:(16 Oct 1793)
7315:
7312:
7309:(17 Sep 1793)
7307:
7304:
7299:
7298:
7294:
7291:(23 Aug 1793)
7289:
7286:
7283:(13 Jul 1793)
7281:
7278:
7273:
7270:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7257:
7253:
7250:
7245:
7242:
7239:(21 Jan 1793)
7237:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7227:
7220:(22 Sep 1792)
7218:
7215:
7210:
7207:
7202:
7199:
7196:(10 Aug 1792)
7194:
7191:
7186:
7183:
7180:(25 Jul 1792)
7178:
7175:
7172:(20 Apr 1792)
7170:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7160:
7151:
7148:
7143:
7140:
7137:(27 Aug 1791)
7135:
7132:
7129:(17 Jul 1791)
7127:
7124:
7119:
7116:
7115:
7113:
7109:
7102:(14 Jul 1790)
7100:
7099:
7095:
7092:(12 Jul 1790)
7090:
7087:
7084:(23 Jun 1790)
7082:
7078:
7073:
7070:
7069:
7067:
7063:
7054:
7051:
7046:
7043:
7040:(26 Aug 1789)
7038:
7035:
7030:
7027:
7022:
7019:
7016:(14 Jul 1789)
7014:
7011:
7006:
7003:
7000:(20 Jun 1789)
6998:
6995:
6990:
6987:
6984:(4 June 1789)
6982:
6979:
6974:
6971:
6968:(28 Apr 1789)
6966:
6963:
6958:
6957:
6953:
6952:
6950:
6946:
6939:(21 Jul 1788)
6937:
6934:
6929:
6926:
6925:
6923:
6919:
6912:
6908:
6902:
6901:
6897:
6895:
6894:
6890:
6888:
6887:
6883:
6881:
6880:
6876:
6874:
6873:
6869:
6867:
6866:
6862:
6860:
6859:
6855:
6853:
6852:
6848:
6846:
6845:
6844:Ancien Régime
6841:
6839:
6838:
6834:
6832:
6831:
6827:
6826:
6823:
6819:
6812:
6807:
6805:
6800:
6798:
6793:
6792:
6789:
6778:
6772:
6766:
6763:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6753:
6747:
6746:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6727:
6721:
6720:
6716:
6714:
6713:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6689:
6683:
6682:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6663:
6657:
6656:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6617:
6611:
6610:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6597:
6592:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6513:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6424:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6329:
6324:
6320:
6314:
6313:Childeric III
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6278:Theuderic III
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6243:Childebert II
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6196:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6166:
6157:
6152:
6150:
6145:
6143:
6138:
6137:
6134:
6123:
6116:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6073:
6069:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6038:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6018:
6016:
6012:
6006:
6003:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5981:
5979:
5975:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5955:
5953:
5949:
5942:
5939:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5916:
5914:
5910:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5884:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5863:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5836:
5831:
5821:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5800:
5798:
5794:
5790:
5784:
5780:
5773:
5768:
5766:
5761:
5759:
5754:
5753:
5750:
5739:
5732:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5706:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5690:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5659:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5613:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5568:
5566:
5562:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5524:
5520:
5513:
5510:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5491:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5474:
5467:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5450:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5440:
5433:
5430:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5412:
5401:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5380:
5375:
5373:
5368:
5366:
5361:
5360:
5357:
5342:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5327:
5320:
5317:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5303:
5300:
5297:
5294:
5291:
5288:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5276:
5273:
5270:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5240:
5233:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5205:
5202:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5188:
5185:
5182:
5178:
5175:
5172:
5171:Joan of Blois
5169:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5151:
5148:
5145:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5124:
5121:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5109:
5106:
5103:
5100:
5097:
5094:
5091:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5078:
5074:
5067:
5062:
5060:
5055:
5053:
5048:
5047:
5044:
5031:
5030:
5028:
5024:
5017:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4958:Nicolas Henri
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4904:
4900:
4893:
4888:
4886:
4881:
4879:
4874:
4873:
4870:
4861:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4843:
4836:
4831:
4830:Loss of title
4827:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4807:
4806:
4799:
4793:
4788:
4784:
4775:
4774:
4767:
4761:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4741:
4740:
4739:
4733:
4726:
4720:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4706:
4705:
4697:
4693:
4686:
4685:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4668:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4645:
4640:
4639:
4632:
4631:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4614:La Caricature
4610:
4607:
4603:
4602:
4596:
4591:
4588:
4583:
4579:
4578:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4558:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4540:
4536:
4533:
4529:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4512:
4508:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4461:0-5820-2186-3
4457:
4453:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4430:
4426:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4402:(19): 91–98.
4401:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4387:History Today
4383:
4382:
4370:. p. 51.
4369:
4362:
4360:
4351:
4345:
4341:
4334:
4328:
4324:
4318:
4310:
4309:
4302:
4294:
4288:
4280:
4279:
4271:
4264:
4263:
4257:
4242:
4238:
4232:
4224:
4218:
4214:
4213:
4205:
4197:
4193:
4186:
4170:
4166:
4160:
4144:
4140:
4134:
4118:
4114:
4107:
4100:
4095:
4086:
4080:
4074:
4066:
4065:
4057:
4049:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4028:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3989:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3969:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3935:
3927:
3920:
3911:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3888:(19): 91–98.
3887:
3883:
3876:
3867:
3859:
3852:
3843:
3834:
3825:
3823:
3806:
3800:
3791:
3782:
3773:
3766:
3760:
3752:
3745:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3723:
3720:. Macmillan.
3719:
3715:
3709:
3702:
3697:
3693:
3686:
3679:. p. 27.
3678:
3671:
3663:
3659:
3653:
3645:
3643:0-8504-5088-8
3639:
3635:
3630:
3629:
3620:
3605:
3601:
3594:
3585:
3576:
3572:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3515:
3511:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3438:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3275:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3239:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3127:
3126:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3092:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3007:
3006:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2972:
2969:
2963:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2928:, had issue.
2927:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2851:, had issue.
2850:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2824:, had issue.
2823:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2789:
2787:26 March 1816
2786:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2772:, had issue.
2771:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2745:, had issue.
2744:
2740:
2737:
2735:12 April 1813
2734:
2731:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2718:, had issue.
2717:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2688:, had issue.
2687:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2615:second empire
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2594:South Pacific
2591:
2590:French colony
2588:, the oldest
2587:
2580:
2576:
2575:French colony
2571:
2555:
2550:
2543:
2538:
2537:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2482:
2479:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2448:
2446:
2445:22 March 1842
2442:
2438:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2412:
2405:
2398:
2393:
2391:
2390:30 April 1846
2387:
2383:
2372:
2370:
2369:10 March 1833
2366:
2362:
2351:
2350:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2321:9 August 1830
2318:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2292:
2288:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2141:
2139:
2134:
2132:
2131:Horace Vernet
2128:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1907:Les Invalides
1904:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1877:
1876:daguerreotype
1872:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1817:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1789:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1715:In 1830, the
1710:
1705:
1697:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1680:July Monarchy
1671:
1669:
1666:and later of
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1601:Ancien Régime
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1474:Pointe Coupée
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1458:Great Britain
1455:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1408:His visit to
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1375:New York City
1372:
1371:Louis Charles
1368:
1364:
1353:
1352:United States
1344:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1296:
1291:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1207:Army of Italy
1204:
1200:
1199:Louis-Charles
1196:
1191:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
996:
994:
990:
986:
982:
977:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
953:
946:
941:
932:
930:
919:
917:
913:
909:
904:
902:
898:
894:
884:
882:
881:Enlightenment
878:
874:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
836:in Paris, to
835:
831:
823:
818:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
754:July Monarchy
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
687:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
665:
664:
661:
660:
658:
654:
647:
645:
641:
639:
635:
634:
632:
628:
625:
622:
618:
614:
610:
607:
596:
590:
587:
575:
564:
560:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
536:
533:
529:
526:
523:
519:
516:
513:
509:
506:
503:
501:
497:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
447:
445:
442:
441:
440:see detail...
435:
431:
412:
407:
403:
395:
392:
389:
385:
384:
381:
377:
373:
364:
360:
357:
353:
341:
337:
333:
329:
326:
323:
317:
314:
311:
305:
301:
299:
295:
291:
287:
281:
276:
273:
272:July Monarchy
269:
265:
261:
257:
254:
251:
247:
243:
239:
236:
232:
223:
219:
216:
211:
206:
201:
197:
194:
190:
187:
183:
180:
176:
173:
169:
166:
162:
159:
155:
152:
148:
145:
141:
138:
137:
133:
126:
123:
118:
113:
110:
106:
101:
98:
94:
91:9 August 1830
90:
86:
79:
75:
70:
65:
61:
56:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
10366:
10291:Napoléon III
10152:Philippe VII
9978:Phrygian cap
9923:Bastille Day
9837:Thomas Paine
9792:Edmund Burke
9787:Beaumarchais
9781:Les Lumières
9779:
9620:Joseph Fesch
9532:Pauline Léon
9502:Jacques Roux
9441:
9331:
9258:
9025:
8451:Lazare Hoche
8436:Paul Grenier
8406:Louis Desaix
8265:(8 Jul 1801)
8249:(9 Feb 1801)
8220:(3 Dec 1800)
8143:(5 Apr 1799)
7944:(6 Nov 1796)
7920:(8 Sep 1796)
7912:(4 Sep 1796)
7904:(3 Sep 1796)
7875:(5 Aug 1796)
7804:(2 Oct 1794)
7783:(1 Jun 1794)
7525:(9 Nov 1799)
7471:(4 Sep 1797)
7408:(1 Apr 1795)
7378:White Terror
7371:guillotined
7348:(5 Apr 1794)
7295:
7275:(2 Jun 1793)
7145:(3 Sep 1791)
7096:
7056:(2 Nov 1789)
7048:(5 Oct 1789)
6976:(5 May 1789)
6954:
6931:(7 Jun 1788)
6898:
6891:
6884:
6877:
6870:
6863:
6856:
6849:
6842:
6835:
6828:
6776:
6765:Napoleon III
6743:
6738:
6717:
6710:
6679:
6653:
6607:
6599:
6594:
6555:Charles VIII
6323:Carolingians
6308:Theuderic IV
6298:Chilperic II
6293:Dagobert III
6273:Childeric II
6268:Chlothar III
6213:Childebert I
6199:Merovingians
6121:
6046:
5737:
5632:Prince Henri
5499:
5301:
4992:
4847:
4846:
4841:
4829:
4803:
4771:
4735:
4730:
4710:
4709:
4704:Napoleon III
4702:
4691:
4682:
4672:
4671:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4628:
4612:
4599:
4563:
4545:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4506:
4481:
4451:
4424:
4399:
4393:(10): 41–47.
4390:
4386:
4379:Bibliography
4367:
4339:
4333:
4322:
4317:
4307:
4301:
4287:
4277:
4270:
4260:
4256:
4245:, retrieved
4240:
4231:
4211:
4204:
4191:
4185:
4173:. Retrieved
4168:
4159:
4147:. Retrieved
4142:
4133:
4121:. Retrieved
4116:
4106:
4094:
4085:
4073:
4063:
4056:
4033:
4027:
3998:
3988:
3978:
3974:Hugo, Victor
3968:
3956:. Retrieved
3952:
3943:
3934:
3925:
3919:
3910:
3885:
3875:
3866:
3857:
3851:
3842:
3833:
3809:. Retrieved
3799:
3790:
3781:
3772:
3764:
3763:Dyson. C.C,
3759:
3744:
3717:
3708:
3699:
3695:
3685:
3676:
3670:
3661:
3652:
3627:
3619:
3609:22 September
3607:. Retrieved
3603:
3593:
3584:
3575:
3546:
3537:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3514:
2918:31 July 1824
2871:25 July 1828
2844:16 June 1900
2814:6 March 1817
2765:26 June 1896
2705:3 April 1812
2681:13 July 1842
2630:
2623:
2602:South Island
2584:
2527:
2492:Two Sicilies
2465:
2444:
2423:
2389:
2368:
2340:
2331:10 July 1816
2330:
2320:
2316:
2306:
2286:
2245:
2234:St. Leonards
2215:
2211:Napoleon III
2196:
2177:
2135:
2106:
2099:
2064:
2061:
2048:
2032:
2001:
1993:
1987:
1980:
1955:
1936:
1927:
1903:Saint Helena
1890:Divine Right
1883:
1881:
1864:Château d'Eu
1845:
1823:Louise-Marie
1820:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1788:Prince Royal
1786:
1783:
1778:
1762:
1760:
1747:
1741:
1724:
1714:
1647:
1645:
1625:Hundred Days
1616:
1608:
1606:
1599:
1583:
1581:
1551:
1536:
1501:Duke of Kent
1482:
1443:
1423:yellow fever
1407:
1363:Philadelphia
1349:
1325:Tornio river
1318:
1299:
1274:
1263:
1252:
1247:
1236:Schaffhausen
1221:
1215:
1183:
1159:
1147:
1140:
1135:
1126:. After the
1113:
1098:
1083:
1052:
997:
978:
954:
950:
945:Léon Cogniet
929:Jacobin Club
925:
916:Palais Royal
915:
905:
890:
870:
830:Palais-Royal
827:
822:Carle Vernet
799:, and Queen
781:Bonapartists
770:
739:
698:
694:
693:
656:Battles/wars
636:Governor of
438:
396:(since 1876)
367:(1850-08-26)
352:Palais-Royal
320:Succeeded by
279:
221:(1847–1848)
214:(1840–1847)
209:(1840–1840)
204:(1839–1840)
199:(1836–1839)
192:(1836–1836)
185:(1835–1836)
178:(1834–1835)
171:(1834–1834)
164:(1834–1834)
157:(1832–1834)
150:(1831–1832)
143:(1830–1831)
131:
88:Proclamation
53:Portrait by
36:
10396:1850 deaths
10391:1773 births
10324:Napoléon VI
10304:Napoléon IV
10273:Napoléon II
10240:Alphonse II
10222:Charles XII
10088:Louis XVIII
10068:(1792–1815)
9847:Abbé Sieyès
9832:Montesquieu
9748:Social Club
9690:Jean Chouan
9580:Louis XVIII
9357:Roger Ducos
9327:Paul Barras
9294:Montagnards
9224:Abbé Sieyès
9027:monarchiens
8835:Netherlands
8764:(Hungarian)
8712:(Hungarian)
8628:French Navy
8554: [
8476:Jean Lannes
8333:French Army
8111:(1798–1802)
8082:(1798–1800)
8066:(1798–1801)
7796:Chouannerie
7757:(Pyrenees)
7622: [
7589:Chouannerie
7381:(Fall 1794)
7369:Robespierre
6758:(1852–1870)
6732:(1830–1848)
6701:Louis XVIII
6681:Napoleon II
6622:(1589–1792)
6600:(1422–1453)
6545:Charles VII
6518:(1328–1589)
6392:Charles III
6377:Carloman II
6353:(Charles I)
6351:Charlemagne
6303:Chlothar IV
6258:Sigebert II
6248:Chlothar II
6233:Chilperic I
6223:Charibert I
5339: [
5321:(1840–1910)
5315:(1814–1830)
5304:(1785–1793)
5298:(1752–1785)
5292:(1725–1752)
5286:(1703–1723)
5280:(1674–1701)
5278:Philippe II
5274:(1661–1674)
5268:(1626–1660)
5257:(1574–1597)
5251:(1528–1574)
5223:(1510–1528)
5212:(1328–1346)
5206:(1325–1328)
5200:(1310–1325)
5189:(1290–1302)
5173:(1280–1286)
5167:(1256–1280)
5161:(1248–1256)
5155:(1218–1248)
5149:(1205–1218)
5143:(1191–1205)
5137:(1151–1191)
5131:(1102–1151)
5125:(1089–1102)
5119:(1037–1089)
5113:(1004–1037)
4454:. Longman.
4171:(in French)
4145:(in French)
2790:20 May 1818
2581:name Akaroa
2437:Netherlands
2317:3 July 1816
2188:packet boat
2119: [
2057:Eugène Lami
2007:, built by
1990:Victor Hugo
1962:Republicans
1958:Legitimists
1885:bourgeoisie
1850:Eugène Lami
1756:Legitimists
1588:Louis XVIII
1497:Nova Scotia
1493:the Bahamas
1464:. While in
1450:New Orleans
1433:during the
1431:prison hulk
1359: 1796
1279:guillotined
1228:Switzerland
1178:Switzerland
966:civic crown
856:, he was a
777:Legitimists
606:French Army
535:Catholicism
390:(1850–1876)
308:Preceded by
249:Predecessor
226:(1848–1848)
96:Predecessor
10380:Categories
10267:Napoléon I
10265:1814 1815
10234:Jacques II
10228:Alphonse I
10210:Charles XI
10120:Legitimist
10082:Louis XVII
9736:Cordeliers
9650:Talleyrand
9575:Louis XVII
9437:Hébertists
9191:Jean Debry
9021:Feuillants
8650:Opposition
8546:Michel Ney
7968:(Dec 1796)
7576:Thionville
7479:(Dec 1797)
7452:(May 1796)
7444:5 Oct 1795
7421:Directoire
7301:(painting)
7204:(Sep 1792)
7188:(Jun 1792)
7021:Great Fear
6960:(Jan 1789)
6851:Revolution
6675:Napoleon I
6655:Louis XVII
6634:Louis XIII
6580:Charles IX
6575:Francis II
6540:Charles VI
6506:Charles IV
6481:Philip III
6471:Louis VIII
6436:Hugh Capet
6429:(987–1328)
6362:Charles II
6346:Carloman I
6328:Robertians
6253:Dagobert I
6238:Sigebert I
6218:Chlothar I
5272:Philippe I
5107:(995–1004)
4265:(in Dutch)
3562:References
2894:7 May 1897
2606:supporting
2579:indigenous
2424:March 1840
2252:necropolis
2138:guillotine
2102:volley gun
1931:income gap
1598:under the
1576:See also:
1543:George III
1505:George III
1460:were then
1308:, then to
1218:Legitimist
1195:Girondists
1118:, the new
1081:campaign.
998:After the
901:Voltairean
812:Early life
791:, Empress
773:Orléanists
638:Strasbourg
562:Allegiance
345:1773-10-06
10336:present (
10216:Jacques I
10177:Henri VII
10140:Louis XIX
10134:Charles X
10090:1814 1815
10076:Louis XVI
9570:Louis XVI
9565:Charles X
9216:The Plain
9127:Girondins
9067:Lafayette
8728:(Walloon)
8710:Pál Kray
8686:(Walloon)
8228:(1800–02)
8079:Quasi-War
7538:Consulate
7424:(1795–99)
6879:Consulate
6872:Directory
6712:Louis XIX
6706:Charles X
6649:Louis XVI
6639:Louis XIV
6585:Henry III
6565:Francis I
6560:Louis XII
6535:Charles V
6525:Philip VI
6486:Philip IV
6466:Philip II
6461:Louis VII
6441:Robert II
6372:Louis III
6334:(751–987)
6283:Clovis IV
6263:Clovis II
6201:(509–751)
5101:(975–995)
5095:(960–975)
5089:(882–886)
4798:Charles X
4667:Charles X
4443:40215892M
4400:Economica
4019:19801431W
3886:Economica
3753:required)
3716:(2004) .
3689:Compare:
3662:tv.nrk.no
3567:Citations
3487:Namesakes
2626:Orléanist
2565:Territory
2242:Weybridge
2218:Claremont
2213:in 1852.
2017:Lafayette
1953:in 1356.
1827:Leopold I
1809:of France
1767:Louis XVI
1752:pretender
1660:Chantilly
1631:with the
1415:Nashville
1267:Reichenau
1174:Reichenau
1120:Girondist
1024:Quiévrain
1020:Quaregnon
887:Education
866:Louis XIV
746:Charles X
727:Louis XVI
615:1785–1793
541:Signature
388:Weybridge
372:Claremont
354:, Paris,
280:In office
259:Successor
108:Successor
100:Charles X
10338:disputed
10246:Louis XX
10204:Jean III
10171:Henri VI
10165:Jean III
9930:Panthéon
9918:Muscadin
9913:Marianne
9852:Voltaire
9731:Jacobins
9724:Factions
9264:Mirabeau
8720:(French)
7614:Jemappes
7598:Dauphiné
7081:Nobility
6893:Journals
6886:Glossary
6865:Republic
6837:Timeline
6644:Louis XV
6629:Henry IV
6570:Henry II
6550:Louis XI
6501:Philip V
6476:Louis IX
6456:Louis VI
6451:Philip I
6407:Louis IV
6397:Robert I
6367:Louis II
6332:Bosonids
6208:Clovis I
5007:François
5003:Philippe
4973:Philippe
4968:Philippe
4913:Philippe
4553:Archived
4498:6918316M
4480:(1891).
4470:2394831M
4247:12 March
4175:26 March
4149:26 March
4123:24 March
3997:(1835).
3736:9691791M
3434:See also
2935:Ancestry
2924:Married
2897:Married
2847:Married
2820:Married
2768:Married
2741:Married
2711:Married
2684:Married
2263:National
2238:Brighton
2192:Le Havre
2156:, after
2083:Bastille
2021:Mirabeau
2013:Louis XV
2009:Louis XI
1519:Marriage
1485:corvette
1410:Cape Cod
1395:John Jay
1337:Lutheran
1306:Fribourg
1232:Adélaïde
1124:Republic
1105:Jemappes
1086:Prussian
1028:Jemappes
970:Flanders
723:Republic
630:Commands
592:Service/
531:Religion
302:Himself
292:Himself
132:See list
10312:/ 1891
10248:present
10185:present
10183:Jean IV
10146:Henri V
9812:Diderot
9558:Figures
9443:Enragés
9149:Father
8860:Prussia
8792:Britain
8741:(Saxon)
8699:(Swiss)
8666:Austria
6777:italics
6719:Henry V
6530:John II
6491:Louis X
6446:Henry I
6417:Louis V
6412:Lothair
6402:Rudolph
6357:Louis I
6228:Guntram
5087:Hastein
5032:Jacques
4938:Charles
4923:Charles
4541:(1929).
4527:(1962).
4490:3741283
4416:2548358
4011:1873853
3902:2548358
2652:Picture
2619:Algeria
2610:company
2592:in the
2382:Denmark
2361:Belgium
2347:Foreign
2258:Honours
2081:to the
2051:Fieschi
1966:cholera
1947:Jean II
1921:at the
1794:Dauphin
1427:Orleans
1367:Antoine
1333:rectory
1329:Lapland
1314:Hungary
1310:Bavaria
1248:émigrés
1220:French
1101:Belgium
962:carbine
897:liberal
875:to the
848:), and
427:
419:
415:
289:Monarch
69:more...
10279:Joseph
10056:since
9551:Others
8890:Russia
8324:France
7989:(1797)
7859:(1796)
7594:Vendée
7571:Verdun
7398:1795–6
7341:Danton
6900:Museum
6830:Causes
6496:John I
5345:(1996)
5319:Robert
5266:Gaston
4963:Gaston
4692:Vacant
4649:
4568:online
4513:
4496:
4488:
4468:
4458:
4441:
4431:
4414:
4346:
4219:
4044:
4017:
4009:
3958:8 June
3900:
3811:13 May
3734:
3724:
3640:
2661:Notes
2516:
2489:
2455:
2434:
2379:
2358:
2093:, and
2025:Danton
1807:, not
1737:regent
1711:(1838)
1462:at war
1454:Havana
1401:, and
1383:Boston
1321:Muonio
1285:Travel
1240:Zürich
1223:émigré
1190:Brutus
1016:Boussu
947:(1834)
775:. The
701:, was
603:
594:branch
583:
571:
521:Mother
511:Father
405:Spouse
379:Burial
57:, 1841
10328:1997
10322:1926
10318:Louis
10308:1879
10302:1873
10289:1846
10285:Louis
10283:1844
10277:1832
10271:1821
10244:1989
10238:1975
10232:1941
10226:1936
10220:1931
10214:1909
10208:1887
10202:1883
10181:2019
10175:1999
10169:1940
10163:1926
10157:1894
10150:1883
10144:1844
10138:1836
10132:1830
10086:1795
10080:1793
10074:1792
10008:Films
8925:Spain
8558:]
7626:]
7619:Namur
7604:Lille
7581:Valmy
5343:]
5284:Louis
4978:Louis
4943:Louis
4933:Henri
4928:Louis
4918:Louis
4736:with
4651:Died:
4644:Born:
4412:JSTOR
4327:p. 57
3898:JSTOR
3506:Notes
2658:Death
2655:Birth
2642:Issue
2458:Spain
2123:]
2071:Paris
1791:(not
1419:Maine
1259:Basel
1090:Rhine
1079:Valmy
1026:near
500:House
434:Issue
421:(
417:
241:Reign
77:Reign
10058:1792
9440:and
9024:and
8274:1802
8238:1801
8193:1800
8100:1799
8047:1798
7978:1797
7848:1796
7822:1795
7739:1794
7636:1793
7563:1792
7507:1799
7488:1798
7461:1797
7343:and
7334:1794
7229:1793
7162:1792
7111:1791
7065:1790
6948:1789
6921:1788
6330:and
4511:ISBN
4486:OCLC
4456:ISBN
4429:ISBN
4344:ISBN
4249:2020
4217:ISBN
4177:2020
4151:2020
4125:2020
4042:ISBN
4007:OCLC
3960:2019
3813:2014
3722:ISBN
3638:ISBN
3611:2024
3383:15.
3325:14.
3263:13.
3205:12.
3144:11.
3086:10.
2713:King
2649:Name
2534:Arms
2197:The
1837:Rule
1629:Lyon
1560:and
1369:and
1312:and
1255:Alps
1201:and
1109:Mons
1069:and
620:Rank
362:Died
339:Born
8800:Sir
6387:Odo
4711:as
4673:as
4404:doi
4038:150
3890:doi
3523:nom
3351:7.
3289:3.
3231:6.
3112:5.
3050:2.
3024:9.
2992:4.
2966:8.
2055:by
1992:in
1941:at
1848:by
1495:to
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1234:at
1065:),
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1014:at
995:).
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