506:
manufactured. They used this name on only their most prestigious and usually highest priced lamps and goods. This naming format would last until the 1920s when the "King of the Road" wording was pressed into the outer edge of the small "lion and torch" button motifs that frequently decorated the tops of both bicycles and motor-car lamps. The public was encouraged by Lucas to refer to every Lucas lamp as a "King of the Road", but strictly speaking, this is quite wrong, as most lamps throughout the 20th century possessed either a name, a number or both. Joseph and Harry Lucas formed a joint-stock corporation with the New
Departure Bell Co., of America in 1896, so that Lucas designed bicycle lamps that could be manufactured in America to avoid import duties.
562:, became CAV-Bosch Ltd and began making fuel injection pumps for the diesel industry and later fuel systems for aircraft. Lucas bought Bosch's interest out in 1937 and it became CAV Ltd in 1939. In 1978 the company's name became Lucas CAV. In 1980 the Acton factory employed around 3,000 people making heavy-duty electric equipment for commercial vehicles, by this time high volume diesel fuel injection manufacturing had been relocated to larger modern factories in Kent, Suffolk, Gloucestershire, and many countries throughout the world. Acton continued to make low volume specialist pumps for the military and for
490:
327:(T&G). In protest to the factory's plans, Eden organised a mass walkout of 10,000 Lucas factory worker women, who refused to work for a week. The strike was successful and the Lucas Electrics factory management was forced to back down. After the victory, the overjoyed factory workers were so ecstatic that the factory could not function during normal hours and had to be closed early. One of the communist activists who had encouraged Eden was raised up upon the shoulders of factory workers at a dinner hour in celebration. This strike was described by the
688:- a short-lived Luvax/Girling cooperation that moderated up and down leaf spring movement by turning that motion into a horizontal back and forth motion from the center. The damper hydraulically moderates, equally, both upward and downward motion of the wheels. In this sense, they are quite different from telescopic shock absorbers, which mainly moderate upward movement of the wheel. Such dampers were used for a few years on light-weight British post-war cars, such as MG and Austin.
339:
498:
792:, Industrial Fan and Heater, Clearex Products and Simplus Products. At the end of 1957, the company formally changed its name to Simms Motor and Electronics Corporation Ltd., informally known as the Simms Group. The Simms Group was taken over by Lucas in 1968 and integrated within the CAV division. Manufacturing in East Finchley was steadily run down and the factory closed in 1991 to be redeveloped for housing. It is commemorated by Simms Gardens and Lucas Gardens.
3897:
29:
1644:
3907:
435:, "the philosophical and technical implications of the plan (were) now being discussed on average of twenty-five times a week in international media". Workers in other companies subsequently undertook similar initiatives elsewhere in the UK, continental Europe, Australia and the United States, and the Plan was also supported by and influenced the work of radical scientists such as the
617:
Simms would not like the purchase and that it did not want to upset them or disturb
Butlers' wholesale customers or its own wholesalers at home or abroad; nevertheless it decided to accept the offer it had received from Butlers on the general ground that it would be a mistake to refuse the additional capacity, particularly for short orders and obsolete types of lamps.
319:. Before the strike, Eden had noticed that Lucas factory supervisors had been closely observing her work, and that the supervisors were monitoring her because she was a fast worker and that they planned to use her work speed as a standard for all the other workers in the factory. Eden approached the
576:
The diesel fuel injection equipment research, engineering, and manufacturing business known in later years as Lucas Diesel
Systems Ltd continue at all of the worldwide sites (with the exception of those in Japan and South Carolina, US, which had closed by this time) and since 2000 has been owned by
421:
as "one of the most remarkable exercises that have ever occurred in
British industrial history". The Plan took a year to put together, consisted of six volumes of around 200 pages each, and included designs for 150 proposed items for manufacture, market analysis and proposals for employee training
732:
Originally Called Lucas GTE (Gas
Turbine Equipment) Based in Birmingham from its link with the early Rover Jet engine development. Lucas during the late 1960 and early 70s purchased (given help/encouragement by the British government) various aerospace related companies to create a British world
616:
At this time, Butlers was supplying the whole of Ford's requirements of lamps for initial equipment. Butlers also had a substantial business in the supply to wholesalers of accessory lamps, mainly foglamps and spare tail-lamps of various sizes. Lucas reported that it knew that Ford, Vauxhall and
800:
In the 1920s Lucas signed a number of cross-licensing agreements with Bosch, Delco, and most of the other automotive electrical equipment manufacturers in Europe and North
America. In addition, these agreements included a non-competitive clause agreeing that Lucas would not sell any electrical
620:
In 1952, the purchase of the share capital of
Butlers was effected through nominees, and ownership by Lucas was not made public until 1952 when the company was listed as a subsidiary in Lucas's Annual Report. Also Lucas did not want to bring the spares side of Butlers' business into the Lucas
584:
Worldwide diesel fuel injection business sites: England - Gillingham, Kent; Park Royal, London; Stonehouse, Gloucestershire. France - Blois and La
Rochelle. Brazil - São Paulo. Mexico - Saltillo. Spain - Sant Cugat, Barcelona. Turkey - İzmir. India - Mannure, Chennai. Korea - Changwon, Busan.
505:
Harry Lucas designed a hub lamp for use in a high bicycle in 1879 and named the oil lamp "King of the Road". This name would come to be associated with the manufactured products of Lucas
Companies, into the present day. However, Lucas did not use the "King of the Road" epithet for every lamp
733:
class aerospace equipment supplier to complement Rolls-Royce Jet engine manufacturer in a failed attempt to become a major player in the expanding world aviation market. Hobson's, Rotax, the Smiths
Industries aerospace related companies were all consumed to create this expanded company.
809:
With a monopoly in place, Lucas proceeded to supply electrical equipment that was commonly cited as the best reason not to buy a British car. The poor reliability of Lucas auto-electrics earned it the nickname "Prince of Darkness". Incidentally, heavy metal musician
716:
in 1913. Initially a motorcycle accessory business, Rotax began to specialise in aircraft components after the World War I. After an initial proposal for Lucas and Rotax to jointly take over CAV, Lucas decided in 1926 to take over both companies.
222:. In 1860, he founded the firm that would become Lucas Industries. His 17-year-old son Harry joined the firm around 1872. At first it made general pressed metal merchandise, including plant pot holders, scoops and buckets, and later in 1875
787:
The East Finchley factory continued to expand after the war, eventually reaching 300,000 square feet (28,000 m). In 1955, the company acquired seven other British light engineering companies: R.F. Landon Partners, Horstman, Mono-Cam,
601:, and developed as an important manufacturer and supplier of motor vehicle lamps. In 1948, at the time of its acquisition by Lucas, 60 per cent of Butler's production was represented by its sales of lamps of various types to
480:
plc. Its specific history is covered on the LucasVarity page but for the sake of continuity key aspects of the old Lucas business histories to date, particularly that referring to CAV and Lucas Diesel Systems are still included here.
335:) to award Jessie Eden with the union's Gold Medal. Eden's leadership and organisation of the Lucas Electronics factory strike prompted a massive increase in the number of women in the midlands joining British trade unions.
621:
distribution and service network but wished to study it and find out how it worked. Lucas also said that it did not want to add to current press criticism of itself as a monopolistic giant which absorbed competitors.
439:
and community, peace and environmental activists through spreading the idea of encouraging socially useful production. The Plan's proposals also had an influence on the economic development strategies of a number of
801:
equipment in their countries and they would not sell electrical equipment in Great Britain. By the mid-1930s Lucas had a virtual monopoly of automotive electrical equipment in Great Britain.
509:
The King of the Road name returned in 2013 as Lucas Electrical reintroduced a range of bicycle lighting to the UK. The name was reserved for the Lucas Electrical's premium LED bike lights.
366:
established a trading agreement to avoid competition in each other's markets. During the 1920s and 1930s Lucas grew rapidly by taking over a number of their competitors such as Rotax and
4038:
2104:
358:
and diesel systems for the automotive industry and hydraulic actuators and electronic engine control systems for the aerospace industry. In 1926 they gained an exclusive contract with
298:, who was a volunteer union steward for the only section of unionised women in the factory, convinced the women to join the strike. The strike was depicted in the British crime drama
4023:
4028:
652:
Girling brake manufacture was taken over by Lucas in 1938, but the patent remained held by New Hudson until this in turn was purchased by Lucas in 1943. Lucas then moved its
760:
started Simms Motor Units Ltd, which in World War I became the principal supplier of magnetos to the armed forces. In 1920 the company took over a former piano factory in
547:
In 1904, the firm moved to Warple Way, Acton. The firm pioneered the dynamo-charged battery principle and in 1911 it produced the world's first lighting system used on a
411:, they developed the Lucas Plan to convert the company from arms to the manufacture of socially useful products, and save jobs. The plan was described at the time by the
3910:
1829:
581:, a US-domiciled automotive parts and systems manufacturer. The name has been changed to Delphi, and the business is a major part of the Delphi Powertrain Division.
1020:
4048:
4033:
2097:
315:
again organised another strike of Lucas factory workers in 1931, this time leading 10,000 non-unionised women on a week-long strike, during which she joined the
270:
and fuses, as well as electrical equipment for military vehicles. Up until the early 1970s, Lucas was the principal supplier to British manufacturers (such as
381:
making the burners. This came about because of their experience of sheet metal manufacture and CAV for the pumps and injectors. In about 1957 they started a
4043:
436:
4018:
3900:
2090:
685:
2446:
2724:
1526:
3611:
814:, who adopted the nickname as part of his stage image and was also from Birmingham, was a former Lucas Industries employee as was his mother.
3943:
3856:
4063:
3861:
2638:
2113:
724:
to the north of London. Lucas Rotax was later renamed Lucas Aerospace. By the 1970s the company had 15 plants at various locations.
1409:
324:
104:
1613:
4058:
657:
242:
In 1902, what had by then become Joseph Lucas Ltd, incorporated in 1898, started making automotive electrical components such as
1316:
A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 7: Acton, Chiswick, Ealing and Brentford, West Twyford, Willesden (1982), pp. 23–30
3730:
1838:
1762:
1743:
1536:
1162:
649:) seals, which caused difficulties for some American owners of British cars because of incompatibility with US brake fluids.
1826:
3715:
3362:
2124:
1981:
1971:
1014:
704:
Rotax went through several name changes and manufacturing locations, the last of these being the former premises of the
2203:
1154:
291:
3936:
3073:
2653:
1781:
1724:
1705:
1682:
1663:
1276:
1251:
2545:
533:
equipment for diesel engine manufacturers worldwide and electrical equipment for commercial and military vehicles.
316:
3837:
2860:
2703:
2264:
2218:
979:
641:, which were successful on racing cars from the early 1950s to the 1970s. Girling brakes had the quirk of using
429:
saved some jobs. In addition, the Plan had an impact outside of Lucas Aerospace: according to a 1977 article in
407:
In 1976, the militant workforce within Lucas Aerospace were facing significant layoffs. Under the leadership of
3616:
2531:
2526:
1855:
1552:
1238:
464:
was appointed Technology Director of the Greater London Enterprise Board after being sacked by Lucas in 1981.
3397:
2938:
2334:
2129:
1961:
1951:
1892:
320:
271:
193:
to Elta Lighting for aftermarket auto parts in the United Kingdom. The Lucas trademark is currently owned by
1185:
3929:
3725:
2643:
2254:
3661:
3438:
3128:
2563:
2496:
2284:
789:
382:
3747:
1843:
3407:
2865:
2324:
1383:
299:
629:
The company started as a car brake manufacturer after, in 1925, Albert H. Girling (also co-founder of
3997:
3874:
3259:
3113:
2909:
2815:
2416:
2061:
2019:
1956:
1946:
705:
275:
1224:
3720:
3710:
3656:
3508:
3357:
3217:
3178:
2855:
2830:
2678:
2553:
2344:
1057:
772:
the company again became the principal supplier of magnetos for aircraft and tanks, also supplying
1336:
417:
as "one of the most radical alternative plans ever drawn up by workers for their company", and by
290:
Thousands of workers belonging to Birmingham's Lucas electrical factory walked out and joined the
3796:
3337:
2978:
2963:
2511:
2481:
2289:
777:
757:
3843:
3254:
3118:
3103:
2825:
2796:
2588:
2426:
2371:
2359:
1528:
On the Record: Over 150 of the Most Talented People in Music Share the Secrets of Their Success
1017:
461:
457:
449:
445:
408:
219:
3705:
3666:
3570:
3269:
2882:
2791:
2598:
2471:
2431:
1211:
328:
171:
2082:
1311:
1130:
3553:
3533:
3088:
3068:
3052:
2985:
2933:
2887:
2476:
2066:
1976:
634:
537:
359:
323:; however, they did not allow women to join their membership so she instead approached the
613: (who resold the lamps to heavy vehicle manufacturers) for use as initial equipment.
8:
3952:
3867:
3824:
3803:
3626:
3468:
3453:
3352:
3274:
3037:
2742:
2693:
2578:
2451:
2441:
2411:
2339:
2329:
1810:
1497:
570:
563:
279:
1406:
3754:
3560:
3523:
3183:
3078:
3027:
2953:
2904:
2810:
2663:
2521:
1805:
1694:
1591:
1146:
740:
Industrial Estate, London, opposite Lucas Rotax. This facility provided components for
653:
602:
489:
453:
267:
194:
4053:
3850:
3768:
3518:
3387:
2840:
2608:
2603:
2573:
2223:
2183:
1885:
1777:
1758:
1739:
1720:
1701:
1678:
1659:
1618:
1562:
1532:
1158:
1150:
745:
633:) patented a wedge-actuated braking system. In 1929 he sold the patent rights to the
630:
559:
548:
497:
441:
426:
363:
251:
247:
3565:
3133:
3810:
3782:
3606:
3417:
3203:
3148:
3032:
2943:
2759:
2568:
2486:
2279:
2171:
2071:
243:
1359:
768:. During the 1930s the factory developed a range of Diesel fuel injectors. In the
354:
After World War I, the firm expanded rapidly, branching out into products such as
3488:
3367:
3342:
3279:
3153:
3138:
3123:
3012:
2973:
2668:
2516:
2506:
2466:
2354:
2319:
2314:
2269:
2040:
1833:
1413:
1280:
1105:
1024:
721:
606:
413:
367:
3817:
3789:
3681:
3596:
3264:
3222:
3193:
3098:
3042:
2870:
2801:
2708:
2558:
2491:
2406:
2233:
2208:
1925:
1256:
680:
642:
551:. By 1918 1,000 employees were making vehicle electrics and aircraft magnetos.
530:
402:
378:
355:
282:) of magnetos, dynamos, alternators, switches and other electrical components.
175:
163:
4012:
3971:
3651:
3463:
3443:
3330:
3244:
3212:
3168:
3093:
3047:
3002:
2916:
2875:
2820:
2781:
2769:
2688:
2593:
2456:
2381:
2376:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2259:
1566:
811:
761:
526:
431:
375:
371:
259:
255:
1820:
573:
in 1998 and remained at Acton until relocating to nearby Greenford in 2005.
178:. In August 1996, Lucas merged with the American Varity Corporation to form
3775:
3580:
3575:
3528:
3458:
3433:
3320:
3232:
3108:
2835:
2786:
2747:
2421:
2349:
2198:
2193:
1878:
1845:
Combustion Research - the Development of Combustion Systems for Jet Engines
1196:
769:
765:
338:
332:
211:
190:
55:
1269:
3671:
3636:
3483:
3478:
3382:
3347:
3249:
3237:
3227:
3173:
3158:
3083:
2958:
2845:
2618:
2501:
2401:
2396:
1920:
861:
Dog Kennel Lane, Shirley (Aerospace, Automotive, Consulting and Research)
741:
594:
536:
The company was formed by Charles Anthony Vandervell (1870–1955), making
477:
342:
312:
295:
263:
179:
81:
258:. The company started its main growth in 1914 with a contract to supply
28:
3881:
3831:
3621:
3372:
3315:
3188:
3143:
3022:
2990:
2897:
2850:
2698:
2683:
2366:
2274:
2213:
2035:
2008:
2001:
781:
737:
638:
598:
390:
231:
230:
was based in Little King Street from 1882 and later Great King Street,
159:
130:
91:
3921:
425:
The plan was not put into place but it is claimed that the associated
331:
as "unprecedented at the time", and led to the T&G's leader (then
3761:
3646:
3601:
3548:
2948:
2926:
2673:
2628:
2391:
2238:
2056:
1994:
1930:
1557:
1460:. Vol. 19. Engineering Industries Association. 1958. p. 94.
1347:
709:
541:
493:
Side Lamp, King of the Road, "will not blow out in the toughest gale"
418:
386:
167:
882:
Fradley, Gorse Lane, Staffordshire (B90 Remanufacturing, Automotive)
472:
In August 1996, Lucas Industries plc merged with the North American
3966:
3641:
3631:
3513:
3392:
3310:
3198:
3017:
2921:
2658:
2583:
2461:
1988:
1901:
1860:
215:
1815:
1696:
Lucas : the first hundred years - Vol.1: The King of the Road
1058:"Eden Jessie (McCulloch): The Real Jessie Eden and Peaky Blinders"
558:
In 1926 CAV was bought by Lucas. In 1931, CAV in partnership with
115:
Braking, diesel, electrical, defence systems and aerospace systems
3543:
3402:
3163:
3007:
2997:
2764:
2752:
2648:
2633:
2613:
2386:
2176:
646:
223:
186:
1647:
Stamp on military vehicle lamp - "J. Lucas LD patent Birmingham"
1643:
1470:"Jaguar XK8's engine, electronics now match styling, handling",
831:
Atlantic Works, Grange Rd, Small Heath, Birmingham (Butlers Ltd)
593:
Butlers Limited formed as a family business of brassfounders at
3992:
3676:
3538:
3448:
3377:
2309:
2228:
2142:
2014:
1865:
773:
713:
674:
473:
3412:
2892:
2713:
2623:
2436:
2188:
2112:
698:
668:
578:
552:
1790:"Death of a Pioneer: obituary of Harry Lucas", p. 762,
1870:
4039:
Manufacturing companies based in Birmingham, West Midlands
720:
In 1956 Lucas Rotax opened a new plant in the new town of
660:
shock absorber interests into a new division which became
170:
industry components. Once prominent, it was listed on the
3325:
2968:
2776:
2151:
294:. Birmingham communist activist and trade union leader
4024:
Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange
1091:. UK: Manifesto Press Cooperative Limited. p. 54.
1040:. UK: Manifesto Press Cooperative Limited. p. 54.
843:
Burnley (Aerospace (4 sites) and Automotive (3 sites))
4029:
Defunct manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
1270:
A selection of Joseph Lucas lamps. Text adapted from
517:
Lucas also acquired many of its British competitors:
1239:"1976: The fight for useful jobs at Lucas Aerospace"
1089:
Red Lives: Communists and the Struggle for Socialism
1038:
Red Lives: Communists and the Struggle for Socialism
957:
Telford, Stafford Park (Flexible Machining Services)
437:
British Society for Social Responsibility in Science
1823:. 1978 Open University programme on the Lucas Plan]
942:
Shirley, Solihull (HQ, Aftermarket, Group Research)
903:
Kings Road, Tyseley, Birmingham (Automotive Brakes)
879:
Fradley, Woodend Lane, Staffordshire (Distribution)
374:to work on the combustion and fuel systems for the
146:, Lucas Automotive, Butlers Limited (Small Heath),
1693:
1360:"The Luvax-Girling Damper | Totally T-Type 2"
966:York Road, Birmingham (Aircraft Engine Management)
864:Fazakerley, Liverpool (Automotive, Diesel Systems)
852:College Road, Perry Barr (Automotive Electronics)
4010:
1852:article on Lucas' work on gas turbine combustors
1086:
1035:
960:Telford, Stafford Park (Rists, Wiring Harnesses)
422:and restructuring the firm's work organisation.
345:on factory building in Carver Street, Birmingham
1622:. Midland Newspapers Limited. 20 September 2012
1087:Meddick, Simon; Payne, Liz; Katz, Phil (2020).
1036:Meddick, Simon; Payne, Liz; Katz, Phil (2020).
888:Great King Street, Birmingham (HQ + Automotive)
569:The electrical business was sold to US company
540:, electric carriage lamps, and switchboards in
4049:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1996
4034:Former defence companies of the United Kingdom
3612:British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association
1614:"It's all systems go for UTC Aerospace empire"
1445:. Vol. 25–26. Temple Press Limited. 1957.
512:
3937:
3857:Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents
2098:
1886:
969:Ystradgynlais, South Wales (Wiring Harnesses)
891:Great Hampton Street, Birmingham (Automotive)
795:
349:
1794:, 25 March 1939. A George Newnes publication
948:Stonehouse, Gloucestershire (Diesel Systems)
846:Cannock, Staffordshire (Automotive Lighting)
4044:Manufacturing companies established in 1872
1714:
1384:History of the radio manufacturer Rotax Ltd
804:
736:One of the many factories was based in the
4019:Auto parts suppliers of the United Kingdom
3944:
3930:
3862:Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders
2105:
2091:
1968:High Energy Astronomy Observatory Program
1893:
1879:
1106:"Jessie Eden: Playing a blinder for women"
936:Shaftmoor Lane (Aerospace and Alternators)
909:Marshall Lake Road, Birmingham (Aerospace)
189:the Lucas brand name was licensed for its
27:
2639:Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains
2114:Automotive industry in the United Kingdom
1252:"2 Automotive Part Makers Agree to Merge"
954:Telford, Halesfield (Automotive Lighting)
855:Cranmore Boulevard (Starter Motor Drives)
285:
218:from a barrow cart around the streets of
16:British component manufacturer, 1860–1996
1691:
1642:
1490:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1379:
1377:
963:Witney Oxfordshire (Instrument clusters)
496:
488:
337:
3951:
1816:Birmingham's Industrial History Website
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1131:Lucas Industries Vintage Semiconductors
921:Newcastle-under-Lyme (Wiring Harnesses)
370:(CAV). During WW2 Lucas was engaged by
317:Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB)
197:, which retained the Elta arrangement.
4011:
3731:Vehicle & Operator Services Agency
1771:
1524:
1518:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
980:History of East Finchley, Simms Motors
325:Transport & General Workers' Union
307:
237:
174:and was formerly a constituent of the
3925:
3716:Driver & Vehicle Licensing Agency
2086:
1874:
1672:
1653:
1545:
1389:
1374:
1183:
1062:Encyclopedia of Communist Biographies
1055:
924:Oakenshaw Road, Shirley (Electronics)
912:Marston Green, Birmingham (Aerospace)
873:Fordhouses, Wolverhampton (Aerospace)
555:components were also made from 1923.
467:
3906:
1977:High Energy Astronomy Observatory 2
1752:
1733:
1168:
1100:
1098:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
876:Formans Road, Birmingham (Batteries)
396:
2125:Manufacturing in the United Kingdom
1982:High Energy Astronomy Observatory 3
1972:High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1
1430:. Vol. 115. 1956. p. 142.
1285:
945:Spring Road, Hall Green (Aerospace)
840:Bromborough ( - Industrial Braking)
697:Lucas Rotax has no connection with
484:
13:
1638:
1483:"BMW Z3 a roadster for the many",
1441:"Simms Motor Units Ltd. expands".
1157:; New York: Schocken Books, 1981,
927:Park Royal London (Diesel Systems)
915:Mere Green (Automotive Electrical)
588:
292:1926 United Kingdom general strike
262:with electrical equipment. During
14:
4075:
4064:1996 disestablishments in England
1806:History of Great King Street site
1799:
1499:Prince of Darkness – Joseph Lucas
1241:, libcom.org, 13 September 2006.
1095:
1075:
1044:
997:
933:Read Street, Coventry (Aerospace)
885:Gillingham, Kent (Diesel Systems)
837:Broadgreen, Liverpool (Aerospace)
637:company. Girling later developed
3905:
3896:
3895:
1811:Joseph Lucas final resting place
867:Fen End, Birmingham (Test Track)
631:Franks-Girling Universal Postage
214:, a jobless father of six, sold
3838:Institute of Advanced Motorists
2265:Alternative Chassis Engineering
2219:London Electric Vehicle Company
1827:RAC - papers of Frederick Simms
1753:Card, Peter W. (4 March 2008).
1606:
1597:
1580:
1553:"Time and place: Ozzy Osbourne"
1506:
1477:
1464:
1449:
1434:
1419:
1352:
1341:
1330:
1263:
1244:
918:Netherton Liverpool (Aerospace)
162:-based British manufacturer of
4059:1872 establishments in England
3617:Constellation Automotive Group
1776:. Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust.
1675:Lucas: Birmingham & Beyond
1590:, Volumes I-II, Newton Abbot:
1588:Lucas: The First Hundred Years
1443:The Oil Engine and Gas Turbine
1231:
1135:
1124:
1029:
664:. Girling products included:
501:Lucas "King of the Road" lamps
254:, horns, lighting, wiring and
185:After LucasVarity was sold to
1:
3398:Transport Research Laboratory
2130:Economy of the United Kingdom
1962:Functional flow block diagram
1952:Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
1821:"Lucas Plan documentary 1978"
1719:. London: James & James.
1274:, by P. W. Card, Shire Books.
985:
930:Pontypool (Automotive Brakes)
900:Huyton, Liverpool (Aerospace)
525:CAV Ltd was headquartered in
321:Amalgamated Engineering Union
205:
3726:Vehicle Certification Agency
1900:
1186:"Socially Useful Production"
727:
701:, the Austrian engine maker.
143:
7:
3662:National Tyres and Autocare
3439:Caparo Vehicle Technologies
973:
894:Hemel Hempstead (Aerospace)
858:Cwmbran (Automotive Brakes)
817:
513:Acquisitions and agreements
444:councils, for example, the
383:semiconductor manufacturing
10:
4080:
2876:Whitley Engineering Centre
1757:. Shire Publications Ltd.
1715:Cheeseright, Paul (2005).
1362:. Ttypes.org. 20 June 2014
796:Cross-licensing agreements
780:, lights, pumps, nozzles,
696:
624:
610:
400:
350:Post-World War I expansion
200:
147:
139:
3998:Sheller-Globe Corporation
3985:
3959:
3891:
3739:
3694:
3589:
3501:
3426:
3303:
3292:
3061:
2910:McLaren Technology Centre
2735:
2722:
2544:
2247:
2164:
2138:
2120:
2062:The Aerospace Corporation
2049:
2028:
2020:TRW Low Maintenance Rifle
1957:Descent propulsion system
1947:Chandra X-ray Observatory
1939:
1908:
1866:Lucas Elektrik A.Ş Turkey
1832:28 September 2008 at the
1772:Brooks, David S. (1997).
1692:Nockolds, Harold (1976).
1658:. Sutton Publishing Ltd.
1318:. Victoria County History
1312:"Acton: Economic history"
706:Edison Phonograph Company
362:. Around 1930, Lucas and
129:
119:
111:
98:
87:
77:
69:
61:
51:
43:
35:
26:
3797:Classic & Sports Car
3721:Driving Standards Agency
3711:Department for Transport
3657:Millbrook Proving Ground
2831:Electric Car Corporation
2679:Roger Dowson Engineering
2554:Advanced Engine Research
1337:Delphi buys Lucas Diesel
1191:. STEPS Working Papers.
990:
951:Sudbury (Diesel Systems)
849:Cirencester (Automotive)
805:Reception and reputation
751:
692:
135:
39:Automotive and aerospace
3338:Grayson Thermal Systems
2290:British United Traction
1856:Lucas Bike Lights Today
1734:Card, Peter W. (2007).
1412:12 October 2007 at the
758:Frederick Richard Simms
142:/RotoDiesel/Condiesel,
1861:Lucas Electrical Today
1755:Early Vehicle Lighting
1717:Lucas the Sunset Years
1673:Bunce, Gordon (2004).
1654:Bunce, Gordon (2003).
1648:
1603:Automotive disc brakes
1272:Early Vehicle Lighting
1219:Cite journal requires
1184:Smith, Adrian (2014).
1018:Competition Commission
825:Acton (Diesel Systems)
744:, principally for the
520:
502:
494:
458:Greater London Council
346:
286:UK General Strike 1926
228:Joseph Lucas & Son
3706:Automotive Council UK
3667:Pinewood Technologies
2856:Castle Bromwich plant
2599:Ford World Rally Team
2477:Shelvoke & Drewry
2432:Metro Cammell Weymann
1839:Lucas company history
1677:. The History Press.
1646:
1458:The Engineers' Digest
790:Hadrill and Horstmann
500:
492:
341:
329:Trades Union Congress
260:Morris Motors Limited
172:London Stock Exchange
3875:Top Gear (TV series)
3804:Coach & Bus Week
3554:Jack Barclay Bentley
2067:Goodrich Corporation
1736:Early Cycle Lighting
1525:Oseary, Guy (2004).
1472:The Washington Times
1141:Wainwright, Hilary,
1023:26 July 2011 at the
834:Bradford (Aerospace)
476:Corporation to form
156:Lucas Industries plc
22:Lucas Industries plc
3953:Prestolite Electric
3868:Top Gear (magazine)
3627:Halfords Autocentre
3469:Laycock Engineering
2694:Triple Eight Racing
2594:Engine Developments
2522:Wales & Edwards
2442:Morrison-Electricar
2412:London Taxi Company
2214:Multidrive Vehicles
1774:Vikings at Waterloo
1656:Lucas in Birmingham
1592:David & Charles
1456:"The Simms Group".
1428:Passenger Transport
1147:Allison & Busby
1056:Stevenson, Graham.
939:Shipley (Aerospace)
897:Honiley (Aerospace)
828:Antrim (Electrical)
571:Prestolite Electric
308:1931 Women's strike
238:1902 to World War I
121:Number of employees
23:
3524:Group 1 Automotive
3184:Marcos Engineering
3079:Armstrong Siddeley
3028:Marc Nordon Racing
2811:Brabham Automotive
1792:Practical Motorist
1649:
1619:Express & Star
1586:Nockolds, Harold,
1474:, 18 October 1996.
1416:John Dearing, 2002
1279:4 May 2009 at the
609: and to
603:Ford Motor Company
503:
495:
468:LucasVarity (1996)
379:jet engine project
347:
195:ZF Friedrichshafen
21:
4006:
4005:
3986:Related companies
3919:
3918:
3698:regulatory bodies
3690:
3689:
3519:Ford Retail Group
3497:
3496:
3388:Tata Steel Europe
3353:Lotus Engineering
3288:
3287:
2841:Jaguar Land Rover
2609:Gibson Technology
2540:
2539:
2447:Northern Counties
2224:Mellor Coachcraft
2080:
2079:
1764:978-0-7478-0585-4
1745:978-1-86126-964-5
1738:. Crowood Press.
1538:978-0-14-200304-6
1531:. Penguin Books.
1407:The Lucas Factory
1348:PowerTrack brakes
1163:978-0-8052-8098-2
1112:. 15 October 2018
1110:tuc150.tuc.org.uk
906:Luton (Aerospace)
686:Hydraulic dampers
549:double-decker bus
427:industrial action
397:Lucas Plan (1976)
252:windscreen wipers
153:
152:
4071:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3923:
3922:
3909:
3908:
3899:
3898:
3811:Commercial Motor
3607:Auto Windscreens
3566:Robins & Day
3474:Lucas Industries
3418:Zytek Automotive
3301:
3300:
3218:Peel Engineering
3204:Longbridge plant
2760:Volkswagen Group
2733:
2732:
2569:Arena Motorsport
2527:Walter Alexander
2172:Alexander Dennis
2162:
2161:
2149:
2148:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2084:
2083:
2072:Northrop Grumman
2050:Related articles
1916:Lucas Industries
1895:
1888:
1881:
1872:
1871:
1787:
1768:
1749:
1730:
1711:
1700:. Newton Abbot.
1699:
1688:
1669:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1610:
1604:
1601:
1595:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1522:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1502:. 15 April 2015.
1494:
1488:
1487:, 9 August 1996.
1481:
1475:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1423:
1417:
1404:
1387:
1381:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1356:
1350:
1345:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1308:
1283:
1267:
1261:
1248:
1242:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1222:
1217:
1215:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1190:
1181:
1166:
1139:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1102:
1093:
1092:
1084:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1053:
1042:
1041:
1033:
1027:
1015:History of Lucas
1012:
746:Stingray Torpedo
485:King of the Road
31:
24:
20:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4009:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3981:
3955:
3950:
3920:
3915:
3887:
3735:
3699:
3697:
3686:
3585:
3493:
3489:White and Poppe
3422:
3368:Perkins Engines
3343:Johnson Matthey
3297:
3295:
3284:
3124:British Leyland
3057:
2729:
2726:
2718:
2669:Red Bull Racing
2536:
2517:Wadham Stringer
2507:Tilling-Stevens
2467:Seddon Atkinson
2335:East Lancashire
2270:Aveling-Barford
2243:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2116:
2111:
2081:
2076:
2045:
2041:Dean Wooldridge
2024:
1935:
1904:
1899:
1834:Wayback Machine
1802:
1797:
1784:
1765:
1746:
1727:
1708:
1685:
1666:
1641:
1639:Further reading
1636:
1635:
1625:
1623:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1539:
1523:
1519:
1511:
1507:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1485:The Denver Post
1482:
1478:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1426:"Simms Group".
1425:
1424:
1420:
1414:Wayback Machine
1405:
1390:
1382:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1310:
1309:
1286:
1281:Wayback Machine
1268:
1264:
1250:Holusha, John,
1249:
1245:
1236:
1232:
1220:
1218:
1209:
1208:
1201:
1199:
1188:
1182:
1169:
1140:
1136:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1113:
1104:
1103:
1096:
1085:
1076:
1066:
1064:
1054:
1045:
1034:
1030:
1025:Wayback Machine
1013:
998:
993:
988:
976:
820:
807:
798:
754:
730:
722:Hemel Hempstead
702:
695:
681:Shock absorbers
627:
607:Vauxhall Motors
605: and
591:
589:Butlers Limited
523:
515:
487:
470:
414:Financial Times
405:
399:
356:braking systems
352:
310:
288:
240:
208:
203:
148:Lucas Aerospace
122:
101:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4077:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3995:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3977:Lucas Electric
3974:
3969:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3949:
3948:
3941:
3934:
3926:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3903:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3835:
3828:
3821:
3814:
3807:
3800:
3793:
3786:
3779:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3751:
3743:
3741:
3740:Related topics
3737:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3702:
3700:
3696:Government and
3695:
3692:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3682:We Buy Any Car
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3597:ATS Euromaster
3593:
3591:
3590:Other services
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3298:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3265:Sunbeam-Talbot
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3134:Clément-Talbot
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2979:Ellesmere Port
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2871:Solihull plant
2868:
2866:Halewood plant
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2802:Goodwood plant
2794:
2789:
2784:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2564:AMR GP Limited
2561:
2559:Alpine F1 Team
2556:
2550:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2492:Straker-Squire
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2417:Longwell Green
2414:
2409:
2407:Leyland Motors
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2234:REE Automotive
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:Leyland Trucks
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2168:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2146:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2087:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1926:TRW Automotive
1923:
1918:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1841:
1836:
1824:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1801:
1800:External links
1798:
1796:
1795:
1788:
1782:
1769:
1763:
1750:
1744:
1731:
1725:
1712:
1706:
1689:
1683:
1670:
1664:
1650:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1605:
1596:
1579:
1544:
1537:
1517:
1505:
1489:
1476:
1463:
1448:
1433:
1418:
1388:
1373:
1351:
1340:
1329:
1284:
1262:
1260:, 9 June 1996.
1257:New York Times
1243:
1237:Doyle, Kevin,
1230:
1221:|journal=
1167:
1155:978-0850314304
1143:The Lucas Plan
1134:
1123:
1094:
1074:
1043:
1028:
995:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
983:
982:
975:
972:
971:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
819:
816:
806:
803:
797:
794:
778:starter motors
753:
750:
729:
726:
694:
691:
690:
689:
683:
678:
672:
643:natural rubber
626:
623:
590:
587:
531:fuel injection
529:making diesel
522:
519:
514:
511:
486:
483:
469:
466:
403:The Lucas Plan
401:Main article:
398:
395:
385:plant to make
368:C.A.Vandervell
351:
348:
309:
306:
301:Peaky Blinders
287:
284:
256:starter motors
239:
236:
210:In the 1850s,
207:
204:
202:
199:
176:FTSE 100 Index
164:motor industry
151:
150:
133:
127:
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:
113:
109:
108:
105:George Simpson
102:
99:
96:
95:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4076:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3972:Leece-Neville
3970:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3947:
3942:
3940:
3935:
3933:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3912:
3904:
3902:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3693:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3652:Lex Autolease
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3500:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3464:Henry Meadows
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3444:Dunlop Rubber
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3425:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3332:
3331:GKN Driveline
3329:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3296:consultancies
3294:Suppliers and
3291:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3245:Rover Company
3243:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3094:Austin-Healey
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3048:Ultima Sports
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2917:SAIC Motor UK
2915:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2861:Gaydon Centre
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2792:Swindon plant
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:Passenger car
2721:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2689:Team Dynamics
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2457:Reeve Burgess
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2305:Clough, Smith
2303:
2301:
2300:Charles H Roe
2298:
2296:
2295:Carlyle Works
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2140:Companies and
2137:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2115:
2108:
2103:
2101:
2096:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1783:1-872922-08-2
1779:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1726:1-904022-10-3
1722:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1707:0-7153-7306-4
1703:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1686:
1684:0-7509-4033-6
1680:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1665:0-7509-3390-9
1661:
1657:
1652:
1651:
1645:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1600:
1593:
1589:
1583:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1540:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1521:
1514:
1509:
1501:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1480:
1473:
1467:
1459:
1452:
1444:
1437:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1344:
1338:
1333:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1282:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1240:
1234:
1226:
1213:
1198:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1127:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1099:
1090:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1063:
1059:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1039:
1032:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
996:
981:
978:
977:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
823:
822:
815:
813:
812:Ozzy Osbourne
802:
793:
791:
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
762:East Finchley
759:
749:
747:
743:
739:
734:
725:
723:
718:
715:
711:
707:
700:
687:
684:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
666:
665:
663:
659:
655:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
622:
618:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
586:
582:
580:
574:
572:
567:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
545:
543:
539:
534:
532:
528:
527:Acton, London
518:
510:
507:
499:
491:
482:
479:
475:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
446:West Midlands
443:
438:
434:
433:
432:New Statesman
428:
423:
420:
416:
415:
410:
404:
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
344:
340:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
305:
303:
302:
297:
293:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
198:
196:
192:
188:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
149:
145:
141:
137:
134:
132:
128:
124:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
19:
3976:
3960:Subsidiaries
3880:
3873:
3866:
3849:
3842:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3781:
3776:Auto Express
3774:
3767:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3509:Arnold Clark
3473:
3459:Hardy Spicer
3434:Abbey Panels
3321:Dunlop Tyres
2787:Oxford plant
2748:Aston Martin
2644:Mercedes AMG
2579:Chevron Cars
2199:IBC Vehicles
2194:Dennis Eagle
2007:
2000:
1993:
1915:
1909:Subsidiaries
1849:
1844:
1791:
1773:
1754:
1735:
1716:
1695:
1674:
1655:
1624:. Retrieved
1617:
1608:
1599:
1587:
1582:
1572:10 September
1570:. Retrieved
1556:
1547:
1527:
1520:
1512:
1508:
1498:
1492:
1484:
1479:
1471:
1466:
1457:
1451:
1442:
1436:
1427:
1421:
1386:Radio Museum
1364:. Retrieved
1354:
1343:
1332:
1320:. Retrieved
1315:
1271:
1265:
1255:
1246:
1233:
1212:cite journal
1200:. Retrieved
1197:STEPS Centre
1195:. Brighton:
1192:
1142:
1137:
1126:
1114:. Retrieved
1109:
1088:
1065:. Retrieved
1061:
1037:
1031:
821:
808:
799:
786:
770:World War II
766:North London
755:
735:
731:
719:
703:
661:
651:
628:
619:
615:
592:
583:
575:
568:
560:Robert Bosch
557:
546:
538:accumulators
535:
524:
516:
508:
504:
471:
430:
424:
412:
406:
353:
333:Ernest Bevin
311:
300:
289:
241:
227:
226:for ships.
216:paraffin oil
212:Joseph Lucas
209:
191:brand equity
184:
155:
154:
131:Subsidiaries
88:Headquarters
56:Joseph Lucas
18:
3844:Motor Sport
3769:Auto Trader
3748:AM Magazine
3637:HiQ (tyres)
3502:Dealerships
3479:LucasVarity
3348:Kahn Design
3250:Rover Group
3238:Ryton plant
3159:Frazer Nash
2927:Eco Concept
2826:David Brown
2797:Rolls-Royce
2770:Crewe plant
2619:Kahn Design
2532:Willowbrook
2502:Thornycroft
2402:Leyland DAF
2397:Leyland Bus
2360:Southampton
1921:LucasVarity
1116:14 February
1067:14 February
784:and coils.
782:spark plugs
742:BAE Systems
662:Girling Ltd
639:disc brakes
595:Small Heath
478:LucasVarity
409:Mike Cooley
391:transistors
343:Blue plaque
313:Jessie Eden
296:Jessie Eden
266:Lucas made
264:World War I
248:alternators
180:LucasVarity
82:LucasVarity
4013:Categories
3832:Fifth Gear
3622:Green Flag
3373:Pilkington
3316:Cummins UK
3179:Lanchester
3144:Eagle Cars
3023:JBA Motors
2851:Land Rover
2699:Van Diemen
2684:Sumo Power
2589:Driftworks
2546:Motorsport
2452:Park Royal
2153:Commercial
2036:Simon Ramo
2009:Pioneer 11
2002:Pioneer 10
1626:24 October
1594:, 1976–78.
1366:24 October
1322:26 October
1202:15 October
1145:, London:
986:References
738:Park Royal
656:brake and
635:New Hudson
599:Birmingham
387:rectifiers
232:Birmingham
206:Foundation
160:Birmingham
100:Key people
92:Birmingham
3882:What Car?
3762:Autosport
3647:LeasePlan
3602:Autoglass
3571:Stoneacre
3549:H.R. Owen
3358:Millbrook
3053:Westfield
2986:Westfield
2964:Toyota UK
2949:Overfinch
2939:Nissan UK
2883:Lightning
2727:producers
2674:RML Group
2629:Lola Cars
2239:Wrightbus
2157:producers
2057:Astrolink
1995:Pioneer 1
1931:TRW Vidar
1848:- a 1946
1567:0140-0460
1558:The Times
1513:I Am Ozzy
748:Project.
728:Aerospace
710:Willesden
566:engines.
542:Willesden
454:Cleveland
450:Sheffield
419:Tony Benn
168:aerospace
94:, England
78:Successor
4054:TRW Inc.
3967:Autolite
3901:Category
3825:Fast Car
3642:Kwik Fit
3632:Halfords
3529:Inchcape
3514:Carcraft
3393:Tickford
3311:Cosworth
3280:Wolseley
3255:Standard
3194:MG Rover
3003:Caterham
2998:Kit cars
2974:Vauxhall
2821:Caterham
2704:Williams
2659:Prodrive
2654:Munchi's
2584:Cosworth
2482:Smith EV
2472:Sentinel
2462:Scammell
2427:Maudslay
2422:Marshall
2377:Hallford
2315:Crossley
1989:N2 chart
1940:Products
1902:TRW Inc.
1830:Archived
1515:, page 6
1410:Archived
1277:Archived
1149:, 1981,
1021:Archived
974:See also
870:Finchley
818:UK sites
756:In 1913
553:Wireless
460:, where
456:and the
244:magnetos
112:Products
36:Industry
3911:Commons
3755:Autocar
3544:Lookers
3534:Jardine
3484:Tomkins
3454:Gardner
3403:Unipart
3383:Ricardo
3304:Current
3270:Triumph
3260:Sunbeam
3223:Reliant
3189:Melling
3164:Gilbern
3139:Daimler
3109:Bristol
3099:Belsize
3038:Quantum
3008:Davrian
2954:Radical
2905:McLaren
2836:Ginetta
2765:Bentley
2753:Lagonda
2736:Current
2664:Radical
2649:M-Sport
2634:McLaren
2614:Hewland
2497:Sunbeam
2487:Stevens
2387:Karrier
2340:Eastern
2320:Daimler
2285:Bristol
2280:Bedford
2184:Arrival
2177:Plaxton
2165:Current
2155:vehicle
2143:marques
774:dynamos
712:, west
677:systems
671:systems
647:nitrile
645:(later
625:Girling
564:Gardner
376:Whittle
280:Triumph
220:Hockley
201:History
144:Girling
62:Defunct
52:Founder
44:Founded
3993:Ametek
3851:Octane
3677:The AA
3576:Sytner
3561:Perrys
3539:JCT600
3449:Ferodo
3427:Former
3378:Quaife
3275:Trojan
3233:Rootes
3213:Morris
3174:Jowett
3169:Jensen
3129:Caparo
3089:Austin
3084:Ascari
3069:Allard
3062:Former
2959:Spyker
2934:Morgan
2888:Lister
2846:Jaguar
2816:Briggs
2604:Fortec
2574:Carlin
2512:Vulcan
2382:Jensen
2325:Dennis
2310:Commer
2260:Albion
2248:Former
2229:Optare
2029:People
2015:TR-201
1850:Flight
1780:
1761:
1742:
1723:
1704:
1681:
1662:
1565:
1535:
1161:
1153:
714:London
675:Clutch
654:Bendix
579:Delphi
474:Varity
462:Cooley
442:Labour
364:Smiths
360:Austin
276:Norton
268:shells
158:was a
125:92,000
73:Merged
3783:Buses
3581:Vertu
3413:Wipac
3228:Riley
3149:Fenix
3074:Alvis
3043:Sylva
2991:Zenos
2944:Noble
2898:Lotus
2893:Geely
2743:Ariel
2714:Xtrac
2709:Wirth
2624:Ilmor
2437:Modec
2372:Honda
2350:Foden
2330:Duple
2189:BEDEO
1189:(PDF)
991:Notes
752:Simms
699:Rotax
693:Rotax
669:Brake
658:Luvax
611:Simms
372:Rover
224:lamps
140:Simms
107:(CEO)
3363:MIRA
3154:Ford
3104:Bond
3033:Onyx
2782:Mini
2355:Ford
1778:ISBN
1759:ISBN
1740:ISBN
1721:ISBN
1702:ISBN
1679:ISBN
1660:ISBN
1628:2016
1574:2022
1563:ISSN
1533:ISBN
1368:2016
1324:2007
1225:help
1204:2016
1159:ISBN
1151:ISBN
1118:2021
1069:2021
389:and
278:and
166:and
70:Fate
65:1996
47:1860
3818:Evo
3790:Car
3672:RAC
3408:WMG
3326:GKN
3119:BMH
3114:BMC
3018:GTM
3013:GKD
2969:TVR
2777:BMW
2392:LDV
2367:Guy
2345:ERF
2275:AWD
2255:AEC
2204:JCB
708:in
521:CAV
272:BSA
187:TRW
136:CAV
4015::
3199:MG
2922:MG
1616:.
1561:.
1555:.
1391:^
1376:^
1314:.
1287:^
1254:,
1216::
1214:}}
1210:{{
1193:58
1170:^
1108:.
1097:^
1077:^
1060:.
1046:^
999:^
776:,
764:,
597:,
544:.
452:,
448:,
393:.
304:.
274:,
250:,
246:,
234:.
182:.
3945:e
3938:t
3931:v
2106:e
2099:t
2092:v
1894:e
1887:t
1880:v
1786:.
1767:.
1748:.
1729:.
1710:.
1687:.
1668:.
1630:.
1576:.
1541:.
1370:.
1326:.
1227:)
1223:(
1206:.
1165:.
1120:.
1071:.
138:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
