506:
46:
621:
The
National Green Tribunal (NGT) and the Rajasthan High Court have played significant roles in addressing the pollution problem of the Luni River. The NGT, in response to a public interest litigation, declared the Luni water unfit for irrigation due to pollution from textile dyeing units. The court
612:
Several individuals and organizations have been actively involved in combating the pollution of the Luni River. The 'Pradushan
Niwaran and Paryavarn Sanrakshan Samiti,' a voluntary organization, has been at the forefront of the fight against river pollution. Their efforts include advocating for the
481:
at an elevation of about 550m. At this point, the river is also known as the
Sagarmati. The river then flows in the southwest direction through the hills and plains of the Marwar region in Rajasthan. The river flows south-west and enters the Thar Desert before dissipating into the Rann of Kutch,
639:
The fish diversity assessment of Luni river led by ICAR-National Bureau of Fish
Genetic Resources, Lucknow from October, 2018 - November, 2019 reported the occurrence of 27 species belonging to 22 genera, dominated by Cyprinids. The highest fish diversity of 12 species was reported in Samdhari and
630:
Despite legal interventions and efforts by various stakeholders, challenges persist in addressing the pollution of the Luni River. Textile industries continue to discharge pollutants into the river, and encroachments in the catchment area exacerbate the problem. The lack of full compliance with
604:. The pollution has resulted in the loss of the river's natural flow, transforming freshwater into saline water as it reaches Balotra. This pollution not only affects the river itself but also contaminates groundwater and surface water bodies in the surrounding areas.
572:
The worst flood happened in 2006, when the desert region received heavy rain. The water levels rose to 15–25 feet submerging the surrounding region. The 2006 flash floods caused water levels to rise to as high as 15–25 feet submerging many parts along the river in the
817:
Pathak, A. K., Kantharajan, G., Saini, V. P., Kumar, R., Dayal, R., Mohindra, V., & Lal, K. K. (2020). Fish community and habitat diversity profiling of Luni, an ephemeral saline river from Thar Desert of India for conservation and management. Community
Ecology.
533:
rivers are the main tributaries of Luni river. The Jojari is the only tributary that merges to the right-bank of the river while other 10 tributaries reach its left bank. All the tributaries except Jojari originates from the
771:
382:. It is one of the largest artificial lakes in India and irrigates more than 12,000 acres (49 km). It is one of the internal drainage rivers in India; it does not meet with
739:
588:
The degradation of the Luni River's water quality is primarily attributed to the discharge of hazardous pollutants by textile industries located along its banks, including
550:
Sipu Dam is located near the Luni River, although it is not directly on the river itself; instead, it is situated on the Sipu River, which merges with the Banas River.
613:
enforcement of green norms, raising awareness about the issue, and pushing for compensation to farmers whose crops have been damaged due to contaminated water.
853:
207:
622:
ordered the shutdown of around 800 textile units for violating green norms, and subsequent assessments were conducted to monitor the situation.
1224:
569:
Flash floods have occurred in the Luni river as the river flows on a shallow bed and the riverbank soil is easily flattened by the rain water.
915:
631:
environmental quality standards by some industries and the failure to achieve zero liquid discharge (ZLD) remain areas of concern.
674:"Alluvial stratification styles in a large, flash-flood influenced dryland river: The Luni River, Thar Desert, north-west India"
846:
718:
486:, it is a major river in the region and serves as a primary source of irrigation. The Luni is not saline until it reaches
806:
740:"मरुगंगा लूणी नदी का पानी पहुंचा बालोतरा, छतरियों का मोर्चा बीओटी पूल से पानी हुआ पार » Balotra News-बालोतरा न्यूज़"
795:
1217:
839:
1598:
726:
553:
Jaswant Sagar Dam - built in 1892 by
Maharaja Jaswant Singh.It is one of the largest artificial lakes in India.
1605:
1210:
1646:
1625:
1594:
1571:
772:"Luni, the Indian river with saline water that doesn't drain into any sea or ocean: Facts you need to know"
1621:
1587:
1583:
1609:
990:
50:
Course of River Luni or
Lavanaravi river, south of the estimated route of the ancient Sarasvati river
1651:
1617:
1613:
930:
920:
1656:
1579:
1575:
1181:
1318:
347:, passes through the southeastern portion of the Thar Desert, and ends in the marshy lands of
1155:
443:
8:
1234:
1202:
1186:
925:
359:, then after passing Govindgarh, it meets its tributary Sarasvati, which originates from
1091:
645:
641:
1494:
1434:
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1160:
1140:
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910:
695:
267:
85:
70:
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379:
367:
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995:
574:
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419:
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355:, after travelling a distance of 495 km (308 mi). It is first known as
332:
1540:
1484:
1353:
1303:
1288:
1101:
1076:
1061:
1046:
1031:
1026:
823:
640:
Gandhav. In this study, the wide distribution of
Invasive Fish Species such as
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478:
447:
411:
340:
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1545:
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1383:
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222:
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885:
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467:
360:
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295:
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The Luni River basin is 37,363 km, which includes all or part of the
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1520:
1479:
1464:
1403:
1368:
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1005:
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985:
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862:
526:
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463:
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383:
328:
299:
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287:
169:
1489:
1474:
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1328:
1253:
1176:
1135:
1056:
965:
880:
690:
673:
1393:
1145:
1106:
970:
866:
439:
115:
807:
Luni tributaries (Department of
Irrigation, Government of Rajasthan)
394:
The Luni is also known as the
Lavanavari or Lavanavati, which means
1550:
1449:
1439:
1343:
483:
399:
648:(Oreochromis mossambicus) were also reported from the river Luni.
45:
593:
589:
487:
423:
371:
352:
336:
193:
185:
144:
580:
In 2010, another flood occurred but there were less casualties.
1408:
1398:
1298:
375:
263:
796:
Luni Basin (Department of Irrigation, Government of Rajasthan)
597:
474:
451:
450:
districts of northern Gujarat. Its major tributaries are the
344:
148:
105:
493:
The Luni may have been the southern portion of the historic
1232:
577:. A large number of people and animals died in the flood.
561:
and Jawai dam. Sardar Samand dam was constructed in 1905.
490:, where high salt content in the soil impacts the river.
482:
traversing a total of 495 km. In spite of the high
672:
Carling, Paul A.; Leclair, Suzanne F. (16 July 2018).
470:
and Sagi from the left and the Jojari from the right.
557:
The two major irrigation projects on Luni river are
386:. It is drained before it reaches the Arabian Sea.
1638:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
671:
607:
583:
77:
62:
1218:
847:
861:
753:
720:Luni River, The Imperial Gazetteer of India
1225:
1211:
854:
840:
374:constructed 0 in Pichiyak village between
737:
689:
402:, due to the high salinity of its water.
504:
723:. Vol. 16. 1909. pp. 211–212.
250:37,363 km (14,426 sq mi)
1639:
616:
541:
1206:
835:
713:
711:
709:
625:
477:in the Pushkar valley of the western
667:
665:
663:
661:
363:and from then on it is called Luni.
13:
706:
14:
1668:
738:Honkimäki, Julia (20 June 2023).
658:
634:
44:
727:The Imperial Gazetteer of India
564:
811:
800:
789:
731:
500:
201: • coordinates
1:
651:
122:Physical characteristics
1595:Reservoirs and dams in India
546:The dams in Luni river are:
389:
327:is the largest river in the
156: • elevation
7:
608:Efforts to Combat Pollution
584:Industrial Pollution Impact
473:The Luni River begins near
405:
180: • location
140: • location
10:
1673:
1418:Inland lakes, deltas, etc.
824:10.1007/s42974-020-00033-4
160:550 m (1,800 ft)
1564:
1508:
1417:
1241:
1169:
1123:
1019:
873:
644:(Clarias gariepinus) and
309:
281:
273:
259:
254:
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242:495 km (308 mi)
238:
199:
178:
168:
164:
154:
138:
130:
126:
121:
111:
101:
96:
55:
43:
32:
23:
311: • right
16:River in northwest India
335:. It originates in the
283: • left
510:
78:
63:
508:
1606:Rivers of Bangladesh
1647:Rivers of Rajasthan
1572:Lakes of Bangladesh
1235:Indian subcontinent
1233:Hydrography of the
1187:Indira Gandhi Canal
617:Legal Interventions
542:Dams and irrigation
255:Basin features
219: /
1092:Swaroop Sagar Lake
646:Mozambique tilapia
626:Ongoing Challenges
511:
366:In 1892, Maharaja
1634:
1633:
1495:Kerala backwaters
1200:
1199:
1156:Rana Pratap Sagar
1087:Sambhar Salt Lake
691:10.1111/sed.12487
321:
320:
223:24.650°N 71.183°E
1664:
1536:Gulf of Khambhat
1227:
1220:
1213:
1204:
1203:
1115:Doodh Talai Lake
1042:Fateh Sagar Lake
856:
849:
842:
833:
832:
826:
815:
809:
804:
798:
793:
787:
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782:
768:
751:
750:
748:
746:
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729:
724:
715:
704:
703:
693:
669:
509:Luni River Basin
380:Jodhpur district
368:Jaswant Singh II
312:
284:
234:
233:
231:
230:
229:
224:
220:
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216:
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157:
141:
89:
81:
74:
66:
48:
21:
20:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1652:Barmer district
1637:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1560:
1504:
1413:
1237:
1231:
1201:
1196:
1165:
1119:
1111:Nandeshwar Lake
1015:
869:
860:
830:
829:
816:
812:
805:
801:
794:
790:
780:
778:
770:
769:
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742:
736:
732:
717:
716:
707:
670:
659:
654:
642:African Catfish
637:
628:
619:
610:
586:
575:Barmer district
567:
544:
503:
497:river channel.
408:
392:
333:Northwest India
310:
282:
227:
225:
221:
218:
213:
210:
208:
206:
205:
202:
181:
155:
139:
92:
83:
68:
51:
39:
38:
37:
36:Interactive Map
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1670:
1660:
1659:
1657:Aravalli Range
1654:
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1632:
1631:
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1602:
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1591:
1590:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1559:
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1553:
1548:
1543:
1541:Gulf of Mannar
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1512:
1510:
1506:
1505:
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1497:
1492:
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1485:Red Hills Lake
1482:
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1138:
1133:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1102:Udaisagar Lake
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1077:Rajsamand Lake
1074:
1069:
1064:
1062:Pachpadra Lake
1059:
1054:
1049:
1047:Lake Foy Sagar
1044:
1039:
1034:
1032:Balsamand Lake
1029:
1027:Ana Sagar Lake
1023:
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844:
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810:
799:
788:
752:
730:
705:
684:(1): 102–128.
656:
655:
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636:
635:Fish diversity
633:
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585:
582:
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543:
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536:Aravalli Range
502:
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479:Aravalli Range
407:
404:
391:
388:
341:Aravalli Range
339:valley of the
319:
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313:
307:
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285:
279:
278:
275:
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261:
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240:
236:
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228:24.650; 71.183
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1552:
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1546:Laccadive Sea
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1531:Gulf of Kutch
1529:
1527:
1526:Bay of Bengal
1524:
1522:
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1514:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1501:
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1450:Skeleton Lake
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1260:
1257:
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1242:Inland rivers
1240:
1236:
1228:
1223:
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1216:
1214:
1209:
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1205:
1193:
1192:Narmada Canal
1190:
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1172:
1168:
1162:
1159:
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1141:Jawahar Sagar
1139:
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1132:
1129:
1128:
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949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
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929:
927:
926:Ghaggar-Hakra
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
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907:
904:
902:
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741:
734:
728:
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721:
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710:
701:
697:
692:
687:
683:
679:
678:Sedimentology
675:
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552:
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537:
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516:
507:
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495:Ghaggar-Hakra
491:
489:
485:
480:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
438:districts of
437:
433:
429:
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413:
403:
401:
397:
387:
385:
381:
378:and Bhawi of
377:
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364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
349:Rann of Kutch
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334:
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317:
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190:Rann of Kutch
187:
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177:
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137:
133:
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95:
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65:
61:
60:
58:
54:
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42:
31:
22:
19:
1516:Indian Ocean
1500:Pulicat Lake
1470:Saiful Muluk
1455:Chilika Lake
1445:Pookode Lake
1430:Ganges Delta
1425:Ganges Basin
1338:
1151:Kota Barrage
1097:Talwara Lake
1082:Ramgarh Lake
1072:Pushkar Lake
1067:Lake Pichola
1052:Kaylana Lake
960:
813:
802:
791:
779:. Retrieved
775:
743:. Retrieved
733:
719:
681:
677:
638:
629:
620:
611:
587:
579:
571:
568:
565:Flash floods
559:SardarSamand
556:
545:
512:
492:
472:
409:
396:"salt river"
395:
393:
365:
361:Pushkar Lake
356:
324:
322:
316:Jojari River
304:Liladi River
296:Guhiya River
147:Valley near
18:
1556:Palk Strait
1521:Arabian Sea
1480:Nizam Sagar
1465:Borith Lake
1435:Indus Delta
1269:Brahmaputra
1161:Ummed Sagar
1037:Dhebar Lake
863:Hydrography
776:India Today
725:, see also
501:Tributaries
444:Banaskantha
384:Arabian Sea
329:Thar Desert
300:Bandi River
292:Sukri River
288:Jawai River
274:Tributaries
226: /
56:Native name
1641:Categories
1565:Categories
1490:Malampuzha
1475:Gosaikunda
1460:Lake Powai
1264:Bhagirathi
1182:Gang Canal
1177:Agra Canal
1057:Nakki Lake
1011:West Banas
946:Kali Sindh
652:References
454:, Mithri,
247:Basin size
79:Lavanavati
64:Lavanavari
24:Luni River
1626:Sri Lanka
1599:Sri Lanka
1588:Sri Lanka
1379:Sarasvati
1349:Mahananda
1107:Lake Badi
996:Sabarmati
867:Rajasthan
700:0037-0746
440:Rajasthan
390:Etymology
357:Sagarmati
116:Rajasthan
27:Sagarmati
1622:Pakistan
1584:Pakistan
1551:Palk Bay
1440:Dal Lake
1354:Mahaweli
1344:Mahanadi
1304:Ghaghara
1289:Godavari
1131:Bisalpur
484:salinity
442:and the
406:Overview
400:Sanskrit
97:Location
86:Sanskrit
71:Sanskrit
1509:Coastal
1384:Sankosh
1364:Narmada
1334:Krishna
1294:Gandaki
1284:Damodar
1274:Chambal
1249:Bagmati
991:Parbati
981:Mithari
956:Kothari
951:Kalisil
921:Gambhir
906:Chambal
781:7 March
745:21 June
594:Bithuja
590:Balotra
488:Balotra
424:Jodhpur
372:Jodhpur
353:Gujarat
343:, near
337:Pushkar
214:71°11′E
211:24°39′N
194:Gujarat
186:Nadabet
145:Pushkar
102:Country
1610:Bhutan
1409:Yamuna
1399:Sutlej
1389:Sharda
1359:Meghna
1324:Kaveri
1314:Jhelum
1299:Ganges
1279:Chenab
1170:Canals
1136:Jakham
976:Menali
936:Guhiya
931:Gomati
901:Berach
886:Arvari
874:Rivers
698:
600:, and
531:Jojari
523:Guhiya
468:Guhiya
436:Sirohi
428:Nagaur
420:Jalore
416:Barmer
376:Bilara
277:
268:Raipur
264:Birami
260:Cities
239:Length
174:
134:
131:Source
82:
67:
1618:Nepal
1614:India
1580:Nepal
1576:India
1404:Tapti
1369:Padma
1309:Indus
1259:Betwa
1146:Jawai
1020:Lakes
1006:Sukri
1001:Sukli
986:Morel
941:Jawai
916:Dheel
896:Bandi
891:Banas
598:Jasol
527:Bandi
519:Sukri
515:Jawai
475:Ajmer
464:Jawai
460:Khari
456:Bandi
452:Sukri
448:Patan
412:Ajmer
345:Ajmer
184:Near
170:Mouth
149:Ajmer
112:State
106:India
1374:Ravi
1339:Luni
1329:Kosi
1319:Kali
1254:Beas
1124:Dams
966:Mahi
961:Luni
881:Ahar
783:2020
747:2023
696:ISSN
602:Pali
529:and
513:The
446:and
434:and
432:Pali
325:Luni
323:The
1394:Son
971:Mej
911:Dai
865:of
820:doi
686:doi
398:in
370:of
351:in
331:in
1643::
1624:/
1620:/
1616:/
1612:/
1608:/
1597:/
1586:/
1582:/
1578:/
1574:/
774:.
755:^
708:^
694:.
682:66
680:.
676:.
660:^
596:,
592:,
538:.
525:,
521:,
517:,
466:,
462:,
458:,
430:,
426:,
422:,
418:,
414:,
302:,
298:,
294:,
290:,
266:,
192:,
188:,
1226:e
1219:t
1212:v
855:e
848:t
841:v
822::
785:.
749:.
702:.
688::
88:)
84:(
73:)
69:(
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