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355:, one of the then most powerful people in Switzerland, and former companion and later opponent of Lydia's father. Welti rose in the Swiss economic circles thanks to his marriage with Lydia and sat on numerous boards of directors. Meanwhile, Lydia Welti-Escher rapidly became bored, not being fulfilled by the management of Welti's comparatively modest household, and was missing interesting guests and stimulating conversations as she had known in her father's household. Through her husband, she finally came into contact with his childhood friend Karl Stauffer-Bern, a known Swiss painter, in August 1885, and henceforth Stauffer was on occasion of his travels to Zürich a guest at the Belvoir mansion. In his own atelier in the spacious park area, Stauffer portrayed Lydia Escher, but also Lydia's fatherly friend Gottfried Keller. Lydia and Emil Welti-Escher enabled Stauffer to work in Rome. In October 1889 Lydia and her husband moved to
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418:, as written in Josef Jung's biography. In contrast, the biographer Willi Wottreng claimed that there are no sources for the further stay in Königsfelden. This is important because it would show that Lydia Welti-Escher had resisted the will of her husband and father-in-law, thus demonstrating to be an emancipated woman after the events in Italy. The recently published psychiatric report about Lydia Escher, dated 27 May 1890, showed that her internment in the clinic in Roma and the diagnosis of
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236:. A scandal surrounding Alfred Escher's immediate forebears had, however, damaged her family line's reputation. Hans Caspar Escher-Werdmüller (1731–1781) had fathered a child out of wedlock with a maidservant in 1765 and emigrated. His son Hans Caspar Escher-Keller (1755–1831) almost brought Zürich to financial ruin when he went bankrupt. Finally Alfred Escher's father Heinrich Escher (1776–1853) made a new fortune through speculative land deals and trading in
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240:. In 1814 Heinrich returned to Zürich and married Lydia Zollikofer (1797–1868) in May 1815, having two children, Clementine (1816–1886) and Alfred. In 1857 Alfred Escher married Augusta Escher-Uebel (1838–1864): Lydia was born in 1858, but her sister Hedwig (1861–1862) died while still a baby. Lydia's suicide on 12 December 1891 brought the end to Alfred Escher's family line.
376:(literally: Thoughts of a woman) and planned to publish it. The document is still untraceable, it was probably destroyed during this time along with the majority of Lydia Escher's comprehensive correspondency. It is significant that still an important part of the Welti family archives is not accessible to researchers and historians.
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went to Rome to study sculpture. While there, the liaison of Lydia Welti-Escher with him became public knowledge, the Welti family was outraged, and Lydia and Karl escaped to Rome. Even the divorce from her husband was proposed, but Welti contacted the Swiss
Embassy in Rome and used his considerable
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in
Switzerland, she blew up close social and moral standards of existence by their liaison with an artist, to which she open stood; and, on the other hand, Lydia Escher's historic achievement is in the creation of a Swiss art foundation of national importance. Lydia Escher, as a prominent patron of
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collection, that also was cared for by her father, and by Lydia. At the age of four years, Lydia lost her younger sister, and Lydia's mother died in 1864. So that Alfred Escher was able to see his daughter several times a day, he rented for Lydia and her governess an apartment near his workplace in
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After four months of internment in the public psychiatric hospital in Rome, Lydia Escher was finally brought back by her husband to
Switzerland. She approved his wish for a divorce and a financial agreement, which committed Lydia to a payment of 1.2 million Swiss Francs 'compensation' to Welti. In
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In May 1890, a full psychiatric report showed no sign of mental illness and Lydia Welti-Escher was released. She returned to her husband, although she soon filed for a divorce, which was eventually granted. In a state of despondency over the loss of his love, Karl
Stauffer-Bern suffered a nervous
528:, according to the original intention of the founder. This purpose was adopted – but at the urging of Welti not in the deed of the foundation. The Gottfried Keller Foundation became though an important collection institution for art, but the feminist concerns of Lydia Escher but was not met.
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Because the relationship between Alfred Escher and his former protege Emil Welti had deteriorated before, Escher was against Lydia's engagement with Welti's son
Friedrich Emil. Since the engagement had already been published, Lydia married after her father's death on 4 January 1883.
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In addition to personal attacks from political opponents, Lydia's father faced serious health problems. He suffered repeated bouts of ill health throughout his life and on many occasions was obliged to spend long periods in convalescence. During the critical phase of the
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the city of Zürich. Since he was no longer married, Lydia was increasingly becoming also a close friend and started to support his work actively. Alfred Escher tried as often as possible to spend time with his daughter, and they maintained a cordial relationship.
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for weeks. His life followed a constant pattern of illness and recovery. However, in fulfilling his political and business obligations, in late
November 1882 Alfred Escher fell badly ill again, and in the morning of 6 December 1882 Alfred Escher died on his
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who was also a fatherly friend. Lydia Escher was a self-confident young woman, who read extensively, mastered several languages and gladly attended music and theatre performances. In her letters to her childhood friend, the painter
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influence to separate them. Lydia was placed in a public insane asylum in Rome, and
Stauffer-Bern was jailed after being charged with kidnapping and rape. While staying there, Lydia posted the feminist (emancipatory) publication
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and marketable securities totaling nominally 4 million Swiss Francs – Lydia Escher established the foundation's base. According to the will of Lydia Escher, the foundation was established on 6 June 1890, and was managed by the
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estate. Throughout, Escher has been lovingly cared for by his daughter, and she was regarded as his only confidante, who oversaw much of his correspondence and accompanied her father on his many travels.
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was fictitious. Also from today's perspective, the arguments and conclusion of the reviewers show that they were convinced that Lydia Escher was in possession of her full mental health.
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breakdown, spent some time in the San
Bonifazio mental hospital, and after his release, he attempted suicide by gun. In January 1891, unable to work and apparently suffering from
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Lydia Escher's youth differed substantially from those of other young women of Zürich of bourgeois origin: Lydia conducted her father's correspondence, ran the household in the
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411:, which she dedicated to her fatherly friend from her youth. Lydia Welti-Escher decided to end her life on 12 December 1891; she opened the gas tap in her villa near Geneva.
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It has been debated whether Lydia, after her examination and detention in the psychiatric clinic in Rome and upon returning to
Switzerland (again) she resided at the
291:, as of today a district of the city of Zürich, where Lydia grew up and lived. Heinrich Escher was able to devote himself fully to his passion for botany and his
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Lydia and
Stauffer fell in love, and Lydia told to Stauffer's mother to marry him. In 1888, still under the sponsorship of his patrons, the Welti-Escher family,
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In 1890, shortly before the end of her tragic life, Lydia Escher invested the Escher family's fortune in a foundation, which she called the
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the 'high society' of Zürich, Lydia was no longer accepted, and she was ostracized as an adulteress. Therefore, she moved into a house in
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207:. Lydia Escher was one of the richest women in Switzerland in the 19th century, a patron of the arts who most notably established the
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estate, and she grew into the role of the hostess and entertainer of the numerous guests of Alfred Escher, among them the Swiss poet
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in the late summer of 1890. There Lydia Escher finished her last goal in life, the establishment of an Arts foundation, later named
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construction in the mid-1870s, Escher nearly worked himself to death. In 1878 he fell so badly ill that he was unable to leave
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family, an old and influential Zürich family dynasty. She was the daughter of Augusta Escher-Uebel (1838–1864) and
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association on the occasion of her 150th anniversary by a commemorative plaque, located at a spot in front of the
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Gottfried Keller-Stiftung. Sammeln für die Schweizer Museen. 1890–1990. 100 Jahre Gottfried Keller-Stiftung.
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The Gottfried Keller foundation, as of today is based in Winterthur, and it is listed as a
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1004:"Strassenbenennungskommission; Benennung von "Lydia-Welti-Escher-Hof" (press release)"
232:(1819–1882), who, among many other business interests, was one of the founders of the
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Die Millionärin und der Maler: Die Tragödie Lydia Welti-Escher und Karl Stauffer-Bern
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979:. Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, Amt für Bevölkerungsschutz. 2009. Archived from
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Lydia Welti-Escher (1858–1891). Mit einer Einführung von Hildegard Elisabeth Keller
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to whom her father gave consistent support. With her remaining substantial asset –
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Lydia Welti-Escher (1858–1891). Biographie. Quellen, Materialien und Beiträge
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1131:"Die Schweizer: Kampf um den Gotthard – Alfred Escher und Stefano Franscini"
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Die Schweizer: Kampf um den Gotthard – Alfred Escher und Stefano Franscini
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Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance
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independent work of women, at least in the field of the applied of Arts
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Lydia Escher's grandfather Heinrich Escher had built the country house
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Lydia Welti-Escher on the website of the Swiss Archives (Bundesarchiv)
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Portrait of Lydia Escher-Welti by Karl Stauffer-Bern, Kunsthaus Zürich
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The place was baptized on 20 August 2008 by the city of Zürich as
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Lydia Welti-Escher, portrait by Karl Stauffer-Bern (date unknown)
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1078:(in German). Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster. 2014. Archived from
906:. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German). ADB. p. 527
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795:"Ehrung der Kunstmäzenin Lydia Welti-Escher (press release)"
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Friedrich Emil Welti, photograph (artist and date unknown)
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Daniel Hell: Das Gutachten aus heutiger Sicht, in: Jung:
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Lydia Escher on the website of the Swiss television SRF
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Lydia Escher is considered an outstanding woman of the
928:. 2009, p. 146 (Psychiatrisches Gutachten); Wottreng:
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1133:(in German). Swiss television SRF. 28 November 2013
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Tomb of Lydia Welti-Escher, Kings Cemetery, Geneva.
623:Lydia Welti-Escher. Eine Frau in der Belle Epoque.
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1251:Digital edition of Alfred Escher's correspondence
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1105:"Eine Frau erstickt an den Zwängen ihrer Umwelt"
1073:"Frauenehrungen der Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster"
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1212:Literature by and about Lydia Welti-Escher
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607:. Television documentary play produced by
598:Die letzten Stunden der Lydia Welti-Escher
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42:
826:Anna Katharina Bähler (11 October 2013).
702:Der Fall Stauffer. Chronik eines Skandals
546:Gottfried Keller foundation in Winterthur
524:. The foundation should also promote the
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1205:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
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493:, portrait by Karl Stauffer (1886)
334:Marriage with Friedrich Emil Welti
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1180: Anna Katharina Bähler:
828:"Welti [-Escher], Lydia"
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849:Luzius Winkler (October 2004).
600:. Play after Christine Ahlborn.
363:Liaison with Karl Stauffer-Bern
224:Lydia Escher was born into the
1028:(in German). Gang dur Alt-Züri
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478:, self-portrait (date unknown)
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930:Die Millionärin und der Maler
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674:. Orell Füssli, Zürich 2008,
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609:Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen
562:the arts, was honored by the
1312:19th-century philanthropists
1026:"Der Lydia-Welti-Escher-Hof"
733:Hildegard Elisabeth Keller:
625:Elster-Verlag, Zürich 2014,
7:
1052:Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster
878:. spartacus-educational.com
802:Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster
765:. 2009, pp. 464–492; Jung:
564:Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster
538:Gottfried Keller Foundation
499:Gottfried Keller Foundation
260:Lydia, probably around 1875
209:Gottfried Keller Foundation
160:Gottfried Keller Foundation
106:Gesellschaft zu Fraumünster
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1322:Patrons of the visual arts
659:. NZZ Libro, Zürich 2009,
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390:Stigmatization and suicide
1297:19th-century Swiss people
1223:Gottfried Keller Stiftung
1006:(in German). Stadt Zürich
962:. 2009, p. 163; von Arx:
722:. Diogenes, Zürich 2018,
591:In television and theater
505:Gottfried Keller-Stiftung
409:Gottfried Keller Stiftung
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1302:19th-century Swiss women
977:"A-Objekte KGS-Inventar"
900:Paul Schlenther (1893).
853:(in German). HEV 10/2004
386:, he committed suicide.
345:Swiss Federal Councillor
27:Swiss patron of the arts
1245:German National Library
1216:German National Library
1153:"Lukas Hartmann Bücher"
532:Aftermath and monuments
287:in the then village of
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1225:, Bundesamt für Kultur
1208:, 11 October 2013.
704:. Hallwag, Bern 1969,
585:Lydia Welti-Escher Hof
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578:Lydia-Welti-Escher-Hof
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416:clinic of Königsfelden
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196:– 12 December 1891 in
115:Lydia Welti-Escher Hof
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518:Swiss Federal Council
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281:on the left shore of
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1157:Ex Libris (bookshop)
876:"Karl Stauffer-Bern"
689:Benteli, Bern 1990,
341:Friedrich Emil Welti
318:Gotthard Rail Tunnel
169:Friedrich Emil Welti
932:, p. 146; Von Arx:
685:Hanspeter Landolt:
507:(GKS), named after
374:Gedanken einer Frau
343:was the son of the
244:Childhood and youth
1287:People from Zürich
1241:Lydia Welti-Escher
1085:on 7 February 2015
960:Lydia Welti-Escher
947:Lydia Welti-Escher
926:Lydia Welti-Escher
767:Lydia Welti-Escher
720:Ein Bild von Lydia
700:Bernhard von Arx:
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476:Karl Stauffer-Bern
426:Selected portraits
420:systematic madness
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369:Karl Stauffer-Bern
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220:Origins and family
205:patron of the arts
192:, 10 July 1858 in
186:Lydia Welti Escher
178:Karl Stauffer-Bern
36:Lydia Welti-Escher
1111:. 2 December 2014
964:Der Fall Stauffer
934:Der Fall Stauffer
851:"Der Belvoirpark"
741:978-3-907248-00-3
728:978-3-257-07012-5
680:978-3-280-06049-0
665:978-3-03823-557-6
650:978-3-03823-852-2
631:978-3-906065-22-9
383:persecution mania
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68:10 July 1858
58:Lydia Escher
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1282:1891 deaths
1277:1858 births
1262:(in German)
1254:(in German)
1236:(in German)
1228:(in German)
1137:29 November
1089:30 November
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269:Belvoirpark
194:Zürich-Enge
122:Nationality
72:Zürich-Enge
1271:Categories
1115:2 December
749:References
616:Literature
353:Emil Welti
64:1858-07-10
1247:catalogue
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642:NZZ Libro
349:Bundesrat
284:Zürichsee
271:in Zürich
97:Monuments
357:Florence
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327:Belvoir
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