Māori protest movement

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purchased by the government in 1875, in a transaction the protesters, descendants of the original owners, regard as invalid. The school has been closed since the mid-1980s and used as an army training camp and for community activities since then. Bill Perry, a spokesperson for the protesters, explained to reporters who visited the occupation on 22 April 1995 that the land they are claiming has been set aside in a government controlled Landbank together with other property in the region. This Landbank allegedly protects lands currently subject to claims under the

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importance. As a result, most Māori activists began to call once again for the Treaty to be honoured. Many protesters put their energies into Treaty claims and the management of settlements, but many also argued that the Tribunal was too underfunded and slow, and pointed out that because its recommendations were not binding the government could (and did) ignore it when it suited them. Some protesters continued to argue for Māori sovereignty, arguing that by negotiating with the Tribunal Māori were only perpetuating the illegal occupying government.

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need to have houses." Tukiri opposed a NZ$ 170 million (NZ$ 1=US$ 0.67) deal between the government and the Tainui Māori Trust Board due to be signed 22 May as final settlement for the government's land seizures last century. The agreement will turn over 86,000 acres (350 km) of state-owned land to the trust board and NZ$ 65 million for further purchases of private land. "The Tainui Māori Trust Board stands to become the biggest landlord around, while 80 percent of our tribe rents their homes," Tukiri commented.

1805: 976: 5953: 2380: 624: 1314:"land grab". Under the Māori Affairs Act of 1957, land owners who had shares less than $ 50 were forced to sell their shares which became a problematic type of land alienation. This was intensified under the 1967 Act. The plans were strongly opposed by virtually every Māori group and organisation as the Act blatantly ignored the importance of Māori land being turangawaewae. Despite this, the Act was passed with only minor modifications. 42: 1961: 2203: 2058: 1478:

II, this did not seriously damage the language since most Māori spoke it in their rural communities. Urbanisation produced a generation of Māori who mostly grew up in non-Māori environments and were therefore less exposed to the language. In addition, many parents felt that it was much more important for their children to be fluent in English and made no attempts to pass on the language.

1509:. Activists also campaigned to change the names of landmarks such as mountains back to their original Māori names, and to end the mispronunciation of Māori words, especially by newsreaders and other broadcasters. Many Māori cultural forms, such as carving, weaving and performing arts such as haka had gone into decline in the nineteenth century. From the early twentieth century 1330: 2349:

overturned his convictions for unlawfully possessing a firearm. While recognising that events occurred in "a unique setting", the court did not agree with Sykes' submission about Crown law. However Justices Hammond, O'Regan and Wilson found that his prosecutors failed to prove beyond reasonable doubt

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were seized and 17 people arrested, all but one of them charged with firearms offences. According to police, the raids were a culmination of more than a year of surveillance that uncovered and monitored the training camps. Search warrants were executed under the Summary Proceedings Act to search for

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poles. Tūhoe Rangatira stated Iti had been disciplined by the tribe and protocol clarified to say discharge of a weapon in anger was always inappropriate (but stated that it was appropriate when honouring dead warriors, (in a manner culturally equivalent to the firing of a volley over a grave within

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For 79 days in 1995, people of the Whanganui tribes occupied historic Pākaitore (Moutoa Gardens), beside the river and within the city of Whanganui. This protest was resolved peaceably, and a tripartite agreement with government and local government has since been signed. At the heart of all this is

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celebrations led the government to move some official observances to Government House in Wellington. Many protests were generated in response to the government's proposal to limit the monetary value of Treaty settlements to one billion dollars over 10 years, the so-called "fiscal envelope". A series

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proposed taking the land and developing it. Bastion Point was subsequently occupied in a protest led by Joe Hawke which lasted from January 1977 to May 1978. The protesters were removed by the army and police, but there continued to be conflict over the land. When the Waitangi Tribunal was given the

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Those occupying the land are demanding its return to Ngāti Whawhakia, the local Māori sub-tribe. The claim includes coal and mineral rights. Robert Tukiri, chairman of Ngāti Whawhakia Trust and spokesperson for the occupation said, "We have got our backs to the wall. There is a housing shortage. We

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traders enticing land owners into debt and then claiming the land as payment; the conducting of unrequested surveys which were then charged to the owners, and the unpaid bills from this used to justify taking the land; levying of unreasonable rates and confiscation following non-payment; the taking

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As a result, many leaders of Māori protest were not fluent in Māori and felt that this was a major cultural loss. In the face of official indifference and sometimes hostility, Nga Tamatoa and other groups initiated a number of schemes for the promotion of the language. These included Māori Language

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political system in South Africa for most of the twentieth century did not allow people of different races to play sport together, and therefore South African officials requested that Māori players not be included in sides which toured their country. Despite some of New Zealand's best players being

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people. The ideology of the group is based on self-government as a base principle of democracy and that Tuhoe has the democratic right to self-government. Tuhoe were not signatories of the Treaty of Waitangi, and have always maintained a right to uphold uniquely Tuhoe values, culture, language and

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The government unveiled the fiscal envelope – its answer to settling Treaty of Waitangi grievances limiting the total amount that will be spent to one billion dollars. While early Tribunal recommendations mainly concerned a contemporary issue that could be revised or rectified by the government at

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decreed that English should be the only language used in the education of Māori children- this policy was later rigorously enforced. This movement was led by Māori MPs who saw the advantages of Māori becoming fluent in a dominant world language. Until Māori became largely urbanised after World War

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area was taken from its Māori owners for use as an airstrip. Following the end of the war, the land was not returned but instead leased to the Raglan Golf Club, who turned it into a golf course. This was particularly painful for the original owners as it contained burial grounds, one of which was

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in Wellington. The group accused the Museum of "perpetuating a lie long used by the government to trample Māori rights and enforce colonial rule on the land and its people." Police arrested 12 people on charges of intentional damage and breaching bail while eight were arrested for trespassing. In

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veterans Tuhoe Francis Lambert and Moana Hemi Winitana also of Ngai Tuhoe, Radical Youth anarchist Omar Hamed. Others included Marama Mayrick, who faces five firearms charges; Other defendants include Trudi Paraha, Phillip Purewa, Valerie Morse, Urs Peter Signer and Tekaumarua Wharepouri. Of the

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Another occupation inspired by Pakaitore began on 26 April 1995 in Huntly, a coal mining town south of Auckland. The block of land sits atop a hill overlooking the town, in full view of the mine entrance with its coal conveyor leading to a power station. Protesters told reporters who visited the

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a small Northland settlement to occupy the local schoolhouse. The several dozen protesters who have occupied the school since then are demanded that title to the land on which the school stands be returned to them. The 6 acres (24,000 m) they claimed were part of 4,500 acres (18 km)

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A series of protests in the mid-1990s marked a new phase of activism on land and Treaty issues, with action focused not only on the Government but also Māori conservatives who were seen by the protesters as complicit with the Government agenda. Symbolic acts have included attacking Victorian

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In 1985 the Treaty of Waitangi Act was amended to allow the Tribunal to investigate historic breaches of the Treaty. It was also given more funding and its membership increased. In addition, the Treaty was mentioned in several pieces of legislation, and a number of court cases increased its

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of hui (meetings) graphically illustrated the breadth and depth of Māori rejection of such a limitation in advance of the extent of claims being fully known. As a result, much of the policy package, especially the fiscal cap, was dropped. These protests included occupations of Whanganui's

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people arrested, at least 16 are facing firearms charges. Police also attempted to lay charges against 12 people under the Terrorism Suppression act but the Solicitor General declined to prosecute for charges under the act. All charges against Rongomai Bailey were dropped in October 2008

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was established in the Ministry of Justice to develop government policy on historical claims. In 1995, the government developed the "Crown Proposals for the Settlement of Treaty of Waitangi Claims" to attempt to address the issues. A key element of the proposals was the creation of a

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team to tour South Africa. However, by this time international opinion had turned against any sporting contact with South Africa, and New Zealand faced significant international pressure to cut ties. Despite this, in 1981 the Springboks toured New Zealand, sparking mass protests and

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claim covering the Bastion Point area was one of the first cases for investigation. The Tribunal found that Ngāti Whātua had been unjustly deprived of their ancestral land hence Bastion Point was returned to their ownership with compensation paid to the tribe by the Crown.

1737:; and simple fraud. Upon losing land, most iwi quickly embarked on campaigns to regain it but these were largely unsuccessful. Some iwi received token payments from the government but continued to agitate for the return of the land or, failing that, adequate compensation. 5727: 213: 1360:

Māori, this was agreed to, and Māori were excluded from tours of South Africa. Some Māori always objected to this, but it did not become a major issue until 1960, when there were several public protests at Māori exclusion from that year's tour. The protest group

2318:: "We wanted them to feel the heat and smoke, and Tūhoe outrage and disgust at the way we have been treated for 200 years". The incident was filmed by television crews but initially ignored by police. The matter was however raised in parliament, one opposition 2154:

in 1863. SOUL regarded the confiscation as a violation of the Treaty of Waitangi. Between 2016 and 2018, SOUL unsuccessfully appealed against Fletcher Building's plans to develop the Oruarangi Bloc to the Environment Court, the New Zealand Parliament, and the

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Some Māori activists in the early 1980s stopped asking for the Treaty to be honoured and instead argued that it was a fraudulent document. They argued that Māori had been tricked in 1840, that either they had never agreed to sign away their sovereignty or that

1560:. Most recent Māori protest in this sphere has been directed against non-New Zealand groups and businesses who use the Māori language and cultural forms—sometimes copyrighting them—without permission or understanding. Since it is internationally known, the 1648:, which was given the task to investigating contemporary breaches of the Treaty. However, since it was not able to investigate historical breaches, was underfunded, and generally unsympathetic to claimants, most Māori were disappointed by the Tribunal. 1096:

Although a large proportion of chiefs had signed the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, there were almost immediately disagreement over British sovereignty of the country, which led to several armed conflicts and disputes beginning in the 1840s, including the

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response to the protest action, Te Papa chief executive Courtney Johnston and Māori co-leader Dr Arapata Hakiwai said that they had heard the protesters' message and would "renew" the "Signs of a Nation" exhibition to reflect a range of perspectives.

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The police subsequently charged Iti with discharging a firearm in a public place. His trial occurred in June 2006. Tāme Iti elected to give evidence in Māori (his native language), stating that he was following the Tūhoe custom of making noise with

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the Whanganui tribes' claim to the river, which is still seen as both an ancestor and a source of material and spiritual sustenance. "We were forced to leave, and it shouldn't be lost on anybody that we upheld our dignity," protest leader

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The return of lost land was a major focus of Māori activists, and generally united the older, more conservative generation with the younger 'protest' generation. Some of the best-known episodes of Māori protest centred on land, including:

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The longest-standing Māori grievances generally involve land and the economic disadvantage losing land created. In the century after 1840 Māori lost possession of most of their land, although the amount lost varied significantly between

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celebrations led the government to move the official observance to Government House in Wellington. Despite universal rejection of the 'Fiscal Envelope', Waikato-Tainui negotiators, accepted the Government Deal which became known as the

5818: 254: 1494:: Māori language pre-schools and later Māori kura or separate immersion schools at primary and secondary level. Later there were campaigns for a Māori share of the airwaves. These eventually resulted in the iwi radio stations and a 1193:(1873–1939) founded a church and then joined parliament. The New Zealand Government history website says, "Rātana believed that for Māori to progress the Crown needed to honour the Treaty of Waitangi." Some Māori also worked within 2423:

to consider whether charges should be laid under the Terrorism Suppression Act. Authorisation for prosecutions under the Act is given by the Attorney-General though he has delegated this responsibility to Solicitor-General

3085: 3186: 1842:, had done more to address Māori grievances than nearly any prior government, protesters felt that much more needed to be done. Following the march, the protesters were divided over what to do next. Some, including 1124:) began in the 1850s partly as a means of focusing Māori power in a manner which would allow them to negotiate with the Governor and Queen on equal footing. The chiefs justified this by the treaty's guarantee of 2177:

In December 2020, the Government reached a deal with Fletcher Building to buy the disputed Ihumātao land for NZ$ 30 million for housing purposes. A steering committee consisting of the ahi kā (the occupiers), a

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On 23 July 2019, Police unsuccessfully attempted to evict the SOUL protesters, who continued to occupy the land throughout late July and August 2019. Protesters also picketed Fletcher Housing's headquarters in

2425: 3153: 2194:'s advice. To validate the purchase, the Government would have to pass legislation. As of July 2022, the Government had yet to appoint a steering committee and to make a decision on the future of the land. 1663:

breaches of the Treaty had rendered it invalid. Since the Treaty was invalid, it was argued, the New Zealand government had no right to sovereignty over the country. This argument was broadly expressed in

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that Iti's actions caused "requisite harm", under Section 51 of the Arms Act. The Court of Appeal described Iti's protest as "a foolhardy enterprise" and warned him not to attempt anything similar again.

1726:. Other causes included owners selling land without fully understanding the implications of the sale (especially in the early years of colonisation); groups selling land which did not belong to them; 3120: 1419:

protesters were not heavily involved in protest after the Tour ended, but a significant minority, including several anti-Tour groups, turned their attention to New Zealand race issues, particularly

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around the country, at which Māori vehemently rejected such a limitation in advance of the extent of claims being fully known. The concept of the fiscal envelope was subsequently dropped after the

3546: 4024: 3804: 1710:. In some cases the land was purchased legitimately from willing Māori sellers, but in many cases the transfer was illegal and morally dubious. The best known cause of Māori land loss is the 4194: 3742: 3052: 1473:. Both of these had been generally ignored by the education system and New Zealand society in general, and schoolchildren were actively discouraged from speaking Māori in school. The 3420: 5363: 3711: 3513: 290: 4163: 3927: 3075: 2432:, one of the reasons police tried to lay charges under anti-terror legislation was because they could not use telephone interception evidence in prosecutions under the Arms Act. 1305: 5654: 3992: 1521:

competitions and getting state funding for meeting houses. Māori activists continued this tradition, but their primary focus was on stopping the abuse of Māori cultural forms.

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has always been a major focus of Māori protest. It is often used to argue for particular aims, such as return of unjustly taken land, and the promotion of the Māori language.

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The Act is generally seen as the catalyst for the Māori protest movement, and the evidence certainly points to this. However the movement can also be seen as part of a wider

1128:(chieftainship), but in the early 1860s the government used the Māori King Movement as an excuse to invade lands in the eastern parts of the North Island, culminating in the 4047: 2428:. On 8 November the Solicitor-General declined to press charges under the Terrorism Suppression Act, because of inadequacies of the legislation. According to Prime Minister 3681: 3196: 3619: 3837: 3284: 2322:

asking "why Tāme Iti can brandish a firearm and gloat about how he got away with threatening judges on the Waitangi Tribunal, without immediate arrest and prosecution".

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to Wellington, modeled on the 1975 land march but in vehicles, was held, attracting thousands of participants. Despite this, the legislation was passed later that year.

1540:. Repeated requests to end the performance were ignored and eventually a group of Māori assaulted the students. Although the activists' actions were widely condemned by 2435:

Activists that were arrested and raided are known supporters of Te Mana Motuhake o Tuhoe and came from diverse networks of environmental, anarchist and Māori activism.

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On Monday, 15 October 2007, several police raids were conducted across New Zealand in relation to the discovery of an alleged paramilitary training camp deep in the

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occupation 29 April that the land is part of 1,200,000 acres (4,900 km) confiscated by the government 132 years ago from the Tainui tribe. It is now owned by

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1 billion for the settlement of all historical claims, an effective limit on what the Crown would pay out in settlements. The Crown held a series of consultation

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which emerged across the world in the 1960s. The Act was abolished under the Māori Affairs Amendment Act of 1974, led by minister of Māori Affairs, Matiu Rata

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flag was a campaign of indigenous-rights-advocacy group Te Ata Tino Toa. The group applied for permission for the Tino Rangatiratanga flag to be flown on the

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was formed in 1969. Although this was an issue in which Māori were central, and Māori were involved in the protests, the anti-tour movement was dominated by

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off and traffic-jamming the Harbour Bridge, as well as flying the flag from the bridge. Organisers of the campaign included Tia Taurere, Gareth Seymour and

1940: 5806: 5353: 320: 300: 1846:, remained in Wellington to occupy parliament grounds. A 1975 documentary from director Geoff Steven includes interviews with many of those on the march: 5754: 1413:

protesters' commitment to racial equality, accusing them of focussing on racism in other countries while ignoring it within New Zealand. The majority of

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announced that the Government would halt building plans in Ihumātao while Government and other parties negotiated a peaceful solution to the dispute.

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or otherwise made a part of New Zealand law. In the 1960s and the 1970s, Māori activists continued this campaign, sometimes making it a focus of their

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by a handful of Māori elders in 1968 in protest over the Māori Affairs Amendment Act. A small protest was also held at parliament, and was received by

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on Waitangi Day. After considerable debate in the public arena the group adopted various tactics to raise awareness of the issues, including lobbying

1548:, they were defended in court by Māori elders and were convicted but the students' stunt was not performed again. A theatre play on this topic called 1915: 1342: 3796: 2241:

proposed legislation removing the right to seek ownership of the foreshore and seabed. This angered many Māori who saw it as confiscation of land.

1267:(formed in 1962) emerged to help urban Māori and to provide a unified voice for Māori. The first president of the Māori Women's Welfare League was 3897: 1590:. The hīkoi was organised by Paturiri Toautu, who stood as a candidate for the Kaipara council's new Te Moananui o Kaipara Māori ward during the 5790: 5383: 4202: 330: 249: 3734: 5778: 5403: 3042: 2992: 360: 244: 5188: 2187: 2190:

invalidated the Government's purchase of Ihumātao was unlawful on the grounds that it had used money from the Land for Housing Fund against

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into the open. Urban Māori tended to be young as the elders stayed in the rural areas and so did not have the support or influence of their

149: 5997: 5388: 5378: 5128: 2214: 345: 325: 3703: 3505: 2025: 4143: 3919: 1286:. Author Rawiri Taonui says: "Pākehā marched against racism in South Africa; Māori marched against racism in South Africa and Aotearoa." 598: 2061:

Moutoa Gardens in Whanganui. Seen in this photo: the Kemp Monument, the Māori War Memorial, the School Memorial and the Moutoa Monument.

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Western cultures)). Judge Chris McGuire said "It was designed to intimidate unnecessarily and shock. It was a stunt, it was unlawful".

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by Adam Gifford from 1995 describes the events and reactions from the community of the occupation and burning of the Takahue School.

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from sale pending settlement of the claims. The occupation ended with mass arrests and the burning of the school. An article in the

1445:. Although both were reported in the newspapers they made little impact. In 1971 the ceremonies were disrupted by the protest group 852: 7898: 5634: 5279: 3642: 2671: 2004: 1767: 154: 3479: 6669: 5414: 4773: 3673: 370: 119: 5928: 3611: 3014: 7888: 5624: 5214: 2238: 1839: 1374: 1045:

in 1840, the signing provided one reason for protesting. Disagreements in the decades following the signing sometimes included

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auction site to pay the fine and his legal costs, but the sale—a violation of proceeds of crime legislation—was withdrawn.

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an Auckland group who organised protests at the Government consultation Hui. Rising protests to the Fiscal Envelope at the

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From about the mid nineteenth century, Māori campaigned for proper recognition of the Treaty, generally asking that it be

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1967, as it became, generally allowed greater interference in Māori landholding, and was widely seen amongst Māori as a

7903: 7663: 5784: 5472: 5289: 2359: 1927: 5614: 4657: 4291: 1260: 7199: 5207: 4625: 4603: 4545: 4506: 3867: 2044: 1377:(the South African rugby team) was cancelled. In 1976 the South African government relented and allowed a mixed-race 1088:

in 1975, the return of some Māori land, and the Māori language becoming an official language in New Zealand in 1987.

420: 144: 5113: 4845: 3399: 2813: 2345:, argued that Crown Law did not stretch to the ceremonial area in front of a Marae's Wharenui. On 4 April 2007, the 812: 7883: 5990: 5916: 5664: 5373: 5318: 5301: 5259: 5254: 2905:""Maori and the State: Crown-Māori relations in New Zealand/Aotearoa, 1950–2000" – The Maori Affairs Amendment Act" 2420: 1591: 523: 66: 3764: 1226:(1939–1945), but especially from the 1950s, Māori moved from rural to urban areas in large numbers, this affected 7748: 7603: 6852: 6659: 5938: 5484: 2558: 591: 4363: 1766:. Between 1840 and 1960 nearly all of this was lost, leaving Ngāti Whātua with only the Point. In the 1970s the 1624:

and various Māori chiefs. There were differences between the Māori and English language versions of the Treaty.

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are listed above. This does not imply that all nationalists with a given ethnicity subscribe to that form of

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occupied the land and also used legal means to have the land returned, a goal which was eventually achieved.

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Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge, and Folklore

5032: 2632: 2583: 1271:. These groups were conservative by later standards but did criticise the government on numerous occasions. 748: 7708: 7653: 7623: 7532: 7507: 7492: 7417: 7397: 6495: 6407: 6183: 5863: 5838: 4715: 3568: 2759: 1931: 1910: 1140:

from Māori – the government arguing that the chiefs of Waikato and Taranaki were rebels against the Crown.

1076:, although it differs from the mainstream left in a number of ways. Most members of the movement have been 518: 513: 503: 498: 7527: 5168: 2904: 2142:

to build social housing. The New Zealand Government had confiscated the land in 1867 after local Māori in

1264: 1234:. Māori urbanisation brought the differences between the cultures and the economic gaps between Māori and 862: 7164: 6387: 6337: 5983: 5659: 5519: 5393: 4555: 2814:"The Second World War and Māori urbanisation – NZ Race Relations | NZHistory, New Zealand history online" 2334:

Judge McGuire convicted Iti on both charges and fined him. Iti attempted to sell the flag he shot on the

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during speeches, and attempted to destroy the flag. There have been other protests on Waitangi Day also.

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in close proximity to a large number of people, which he explained was an attempt to recreate the 1860s

7522: 7402: 6433: 5956: 3889: 3219: 1880: 584: 572: 7878: 2231:, overturning assumptions that such land automatically belonged to the Crown. The ruling alarmed many 6696: 6392: 5348: 4950: 1442: 1338: 1189:–1907) are early Māori activists who made a stand and brought followers to action against injustice. 951: 743: 538: 442: 270: 7893: 5178: 5173: 5055: 5047: 4760: 4752: 4693: 3000: 1858:. Footage of the television coverage of the march was included in the 1978 television adaptation of 1697:

also reported that a Te Papa had promised to replace the "Signs of a Nation" exhibit two years ago.

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Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge (GRATK)

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In 1975 a large group (around 5000) of Māori and other New Zealanders, led by then 79-year-old

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In its modern form, the Māori protest movement emerged in the early 1970s as part of a broader

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to try to achieve their goals. Some of this resistance came from religious groups such as

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engineering students had for many years performed a parody haka and paddled an imaginary

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told a press conference in Whanganui 18 May 1995 following the end of the occupation."

1798: 1615: 1603: 1383: 1081: 1073: 1057: 1042: 980: 800: 656: 415: 400: 7447: 4913: 4778: 3348: 3187:"Te Papa exec promised to replace Te Tiriti exhibit two years ago, leaked email shows" 2452: 1256:. They also and encountered barriers in housing, income options, and general bigotry. 713: 41: 7829: 7814: 7608: 7296: 6988: 6937: 6893: 6754: 6691: 6523: 6490: 6295: 6287: 6188: 6125: 5759: 5368: 5231: 4621: 4599: 4593: 4575: 4541: 4148: 4019: 3955: 3951:"Ihumātao: Deal struck between government and Fletcher Building to buy disputed land" 3923: 3800: 3769: 3738: 3677: 3646: 3615: 3509: 3047: 2956: 2858: 2848: 2732: 2663: 2307: 2249:

was so incensed by the legislation that she eventually left the party and formed the

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activists came during controversy over the exclusion of Māori players from the 1960

1061: 844: 806: 772: 728: 179: 7743: 7552: 7432: 6947: 6927: 6543: 6538: 6470: 6450: 6344: 6272: 6240: 6120: 6036: 5888: 5858: 5853: 5812: 5734: 5561: 5249: 4725: 4567: 4480: 4455: 2974: 2487: 2262: 2183: 1876: 1723: 1685: 1568: 1355:. Until the 1970s this resulted in discrimination against Māori players, since the 1204: 1046: 661: 462: 390: 218: 96: 56: 4960: 4898: 4890: 4685: 2537:

announced that the Māori Tino Rangatiratanga flag has been chosen to fly from the

1510: 1486:(Māori Language Week); a programme which trained fluent speakers as teachers; and 1470: 1212: 1065: 753: 693: 685: 633: 7723: 7693: 7218: 6627: 6533: 6370: 5796: 5235: 4613: 3832: 3541: 3446:"The Militant – 5/15/95 – New Zealand Maoris Occupy Land in Coal-Mining District" 3191: 3125: 2966: 2952: 2147: 1869: 1694: 1144: 1084:

around the world. Notable successes of the movement include establishment of the

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representative, and two representatives of the Crown would decide its use, with

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Taonui, Rawiri (2012). "Maōri Urban Protest Movement". In Keenan, Danny (ed.).

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In November 2016, the activist group "Save Out Unique Landscape" (SOUL) led by

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but it has attracted some support from non-Māori New Zealanders and from other

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Early activism over the issue of sporting contacts with apartheid South Africa

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Reid, Phil; Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.

2862: 2736: 2542: 2534: 2523: 2515: 2447:, his nephews Rawiri Iti and Maraki Teepa, Māori anarchist Emily Bailey from 2373: 2342: 2315: 2246: 2138:, south of Auckland to protest the Government's plans to sell the section to 1884: 1838:

to protest against Māori land loss. Although the government at the time, the

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proposed to make Māori land more 'economic' by encouraging its transfer to a

1216: 1098: 830: 785: 780: 410: 86: 4955: 4245: 3797:"Ihumātao police presence 'very intimidating' – protest leader Pania Newton" 2978: 2970: 2179: 1219:, 1905–1943), who tried to combine the benefits of both cultures for Māori. 738: 7850: 7738: 7588: 7351: 7336: 7306: 7276: 7236: 5343: 4698: 3285:"Flashback: Auld Mug attacked with sledgehammer after Kiwis' first Cup win" 2944: 2584:"Waitangi Day 1970s – Waitangi Day | NZHistory, New Zealand history online" 2546: 2131: 2109: 1935: 1892: 1863: 1855: 1831: 1827: 1808: 1804: 1734: 1711: 1688:

version of the Treaty of Waitangi at the "Signs of a Nation" exhibition at

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and others made efforts to revive them, for example setting up intertribal

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continued to dominate the movement, Māori were prominent within it, and in

1348: 1283: 1268: 1223: 1190: 280: 5539: 5105: 5095: 4571: 3859: 3121:"Protesters arrested after defacing Treaty of Waitangi exhibit at Te Papa" 1900:

and the Takahue school in Northland (leading to its destruction by fire).

1465:

One of the early goals of the Māori protest movement was the promotion of

7809: 7778: 7758: 7638: 7593: 7547: 7376: 7361: 7356: 7291: 7231: 6708: 6581: 5438: 4710: 4376: 4353: 3248: 3043:"Karakia protest: Kaipara mayor stands firm in wake of hikoi of hundreds" 2456: 2429: 2419:

On 29 October, police referred evidence gathered during the raids to the

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The best known example of this was the 'haka party' incident. A group of

1489: 1352: 1038: 1026: 956: 651: 3154:"Te Papa to renew Treaty of Waitangi exhibition that protesters defaced" 2744: 2720: 2664:"Treaty of Waitangi – The first decades after the treaty – 1840 to 1860" 2443:

A number of people were arrested in the raids, including Māori activist

2223:

ruled that Māori could seek customary title to areas of the New Zealand

2135: 1843: 1433:

The first act of the Māori protest movement was arguably the boycott of

7824: 7668: 7598: 6094: 6056: 5893: 5576: 4903: 3983:"Government to buy disputed land at Ihumātao for close to $ 30 million" 3735:"Ihumātao protesters move past frontline: 'We're in for the long haul'" 2404: 2384: 2379: 2365: 2277:. The group has held numerous campaigns highlighting the rights of the 1985: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1851: 1835: 1587: 1279: 1175: 1152: 1147:

and to the New Zealand and British governments, passive resistance and

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Since then, Māori have used petitions, court cases, deputations to the

1102: 698: 452: 5027: 2301: 7728: 7713: 7703: 7698: 7643: 7628: 6917: 6041: 5975: 5544: 5514: 5455: 4988: 4970: 2694:"Letters: Guard Pacific's triple star from the shards of strife . . " 2224: 2159: 2078:

The Whanganui occupation of Pakaitore inspired a group of Māori from

1516: 1378: 1356: 758: 703: 395: 335: 4822: 4730: 4262: 2273:

Te Mana Motuhake o Tuhoe is a group which includes the Tuhoe leader

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The Treaty of Waitangi was an agreement, made in 1840, between the

1393: 1215:, one of the most important and influential Māori MP's (Member for 1164: 1148: 1137: 1032: 295: 7753: 5065: 3704:"Ihumātao eviction live: Dogs pepper sprayed, protesters arrested" 2256: 2202: 1583: 7763: 7733: 7683: 7673: 7578: 7331: 7281: 6300: 6209: 5477: 5364:

Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon River Basin

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Return to Sender; what really happened at the fiscal envelope hui

3304:"Crown Proposals for the Settlement of Treaty of Waitangi Claims" 3076:"Kaipara karakia ban: Mayor Craig Jepson unrepentant on decision" 2399:

and anti-terror squads, were involved in the raids in which four

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the time, historical settlements raised more complex issues. The

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protests. In 1975 the Treaty was given some recognition with the

1575: 1329: 1160: 1156: 1133: 425: 5229: 4790: 4456:"Letter To Dr Sharples About Flying The Maori Flag | Scoop News" 3920:"Ihumātao protests: No building while a solution is sought – PM" 2931:"20th-century developments – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand" 2884:. New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu Taonga 2766:. New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu Taonga 1251: 913: 7633: 7618: 7583: 7573: 5655:

Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic

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along with her twin brothers Ira and Rongomai, Rangi Kemara of

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squad in order to remain autonomous within the wider movement.

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Resurgence of protest on land and Treaty issues from the 1990s

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Shifting Grounds: Deep Histories of Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland

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In December 2023, activist group Te Waka Hourua defaced the

1407:

During and after the Tour, many Māori protesters questioned

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UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP)

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and holding an annual "Fly the Flag" competition, to more

1943:. Notable opposition to this deal was led by Māori leader 1037:). While there was a range of conflicts between Māori and 4795: 4263:

Claire Trevett and Elizabeth Binning (13 November 2007).

3591: 1919: 1707: 1230:, as previously there was less contact between Māori and 907: 4635: 4072: 1347:

New Zealand has a long history of sporting contact with

3643:"South Auckland group takes land protest to Parliament" 3100: 4092:"Wrangle over firearm charges 'ridiculous' – Tame Iti" 3569:"Tent embassy erected to prevent Ihumātao development" 3218:

Education, New Zealand Ministry of (24 October 2019).

1460: 4428:"Request for Support (Transit NZ and the Maori flag)" 3860:"Police release statement regarding Ihumatao protest" 3674:"Hikoi confronts Phil Goff over Ihumātao development" 2639:. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 15 August 2015. 1771:

power to investigate historical grievances, this the

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was originally part of a large area of land owned by

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channel, all of which actively promote the language.

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Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador

4144:"Police foil paramilitary plot – napalm bomb tested" 3612:"Decision allows development near sacred Māori site" 2613: 2601: 2438: 1651: 5779:

Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention (ILO C169)

3828:"Ihumātao: Police deny pushing protester to ground" 3826:Daly, Michael; Rosenberg, Matthew (6 August 2019). 3074:Botting, Susan; Cooper, Karina (14 December 2022). 1811:

leads the Māori Land March through Hamilton in 1975

4598:(Second ed.). Wellington: Allen & Unwin. 4256: 3374:"NEW ZEALAND: TAKAHUE: MAORI PROTEST | AP Archive" 1289: 5807:UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants (UNDROP) 2112:, previously Coalcorp, a state-owned enterprise. 1343:1981 South Africa rugby union tour of New Zealand 1072:in New Zealand. It has generally allied with the 1056:and has focused on issues such as the redressing 7870: 3765:"Police 'rammed' Ihumatao protesters: Organiser" 3499: 3497: 2845:Huia histories of Māori : ngā tāhuhu kōrero 5713:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights 5384:International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs 3503: 3295: 2625: 2408:evidence relating to potential breaches of the 2186:acting in an observer role. In April 2021, the 1449:(The Young Warriors) who chanted and performed 1373:In 1973, a proposed tour of New Zealand by the 5404:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization 4177:"Terror raids – charges linked to just 4 guns" 2306:(or greeting ceremony) which formed part of a 1930:. Opposition to the policy was coordinated by 1564:is particularly vulnerable to this treatment. 5991: 5215: 4651: 4504: 4354:"Bush, Clark and Key were possible 'targets'" 4225:"Terror raid evidence with Solicitor-General" 3825: 3494: 3073: 2655: 998: 592: 5389:National Indigenous Organization of Colombia 5379:Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism 4618:Ka whawhai tonu matou (Struggle without End) 4387: 4336:"Terror accused has name suppression lifted" 4240: 4238: 3890:"Ihumātao: Today's Nationwide Day of Action" 3397: 2943: 2215:New Zealand foreshore and seabed controversy 1675: 1627: 1274:The first significant Māori connection with 4498: 3421:"National Library of New Zealand Catalogue" 2911:. Victoria University of Wellington Library 2495: 2341:Iti lodged an appeal, in which his lawyer, 2299: 2294:Tame Iti at gallery opening 13 October 2009 2268: 2254: 2232: 1727: 1658: 1541: 1529: 1514: 1487: 1450: 1420: 1414: 1408: 1397: 1387: 1365: 1309: 1299: 1249: 1241: 1235: 1194: 1101:, a dispute over the flying of the British 1030: 7849:: Forms of nationalism based primarily on 7493:Muslim Independence Movement (Philippines) 5998: 5984: 5222: 5208: 4658: 4644: 4554: 4246:"Terror legislation too complex – Collins" 4089: 3609: 3597: 2949:Huia histories of Māori: ngā tāhuhu kōrero 1887:painting (subsequently returned) from the 1005: 991: 599: 585: 5645:National Commission on Indigenous Peoples 4876:Treaty of Waitangi claims and settlements 4235: 3948: 3671: 3640: 3504:Haunui-Thompson, Shannon (24 July 2019). 3425:National Library of New Zealand Catalogue 3217: 2150:fled south following the outbreak of the 2045:Learn how and when to remove this message 1784:During the Second World War, land in the 1597: 1259:Several new groups, most prominently the 826:Treaty of Waitangi claims and settlements 16:Indigenous rights movement in New Zealand 5635:National Institute of Indigenous Peoples 3327: 3321: 3184: 3151: 3118: 2882:Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2668:Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2477: 2378: 2289: 2201: 2103:Huntly and the Waikato, New Zealand 1991 2098: 2056: 1803: 1505:of New Zealand, with the passing of the 1428: 1328: 5755:UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 4425: 4346: 4045: 3610:Theunissen, Matthew (8 November 2018). 3152:Campbell, Georgina (19 December 2023). 3040: 2206:The foreshore and seabed hikoi outside 2197: 7871: 7453:Galician independence movement (Spain) 6005: 5625:Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada 4612: 4588: 4328: 3641:Fernandes, Kymberlee (12 March 2019). 3469: 3346: 3282: 2909:New Zealand Electronic Text Collection 2842: 2757: 2718: 2661: 2619: 2607: 2541:and other official buildings (such as 2119: 1425:prejudice and the Treaty of Waitangi. 7503:Patani United Liberation Organisation 7473:Inner Mongolian independence movement 5979: 5510:Lands inhabited by indigenous peoples 5409:Zapatista Army of National Liberation 5203: 4639: 4136: 3995:from the original on 17 December 2020 3963:from the original on 17 December 2020 3302:Office of Treaty Settlements (1995). 3088:from the original on 23 December 2022 3055:from the original on 26 December 2022 2875: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2808: 2806: 2725:The Journal of the Polynesian Society 1779: 623: 7498:National Liberation Front of Corsica 7423:East Turkestan independence movement 4620:(rev. ed.). Auckland: Penguin. 4528: 3949:Patterson, Jane (17 December 2020). 3732: 3549:from the original on 18 October 2021 3400:"Camerman calm amid community chaos" 3106: 2353: 2310:hearing, Iti fired a shotgun into a 1983:adding citations to reliable sources 1954: 4507:"Maori flag to fly on Waitangi Day" 4318:"Alleged terrorist's name revealed" 4090:Hazelhurst, Sophie (4 April 2007). 3900:from the original on 14 August 2019 3185:Anderson, Ryan (18 December 2023). 3119:Anderson, Ryan (11 December 2023). 3041:Botting, Susan (14 December 2022). 2510:and Parliament, submissions to the 1891:Visitor Centre. Rising protests at 1461:Māori language and culture activism 1060:grievances, Māori land-rights, the 250:United Nations Declaration (UNDRIP) 13: 5785:Convention on Biological Diversity 4675:Indigenous people of New Zealand ( 4534:The Penguin History of New Zealand 4505:Colin Espiner (14 December 2009). 4426:Jackson, Bryan (5 February 2008). 4377:"Four avoid Terrorism Act charges" 4027:from the original on 20 April 2021 3870:from the original on 6 August 2019 3840:from the original on 5 August 2019 3807:from the original on 5 August 2019 3777:from the original on 6 August 2019 3745:from the original on 5 August 2019 3672:Huffadine, Leith (10 April 2019). 3534: 3482:from the original on 1 August 2019 3308:Australian Indigenous Law Reporter 3243:This documentary can be viewed on 2831: 2803: 2360:2007 New Zealand anti-terror raids 1903: 1815: 1610:The Treaty to the mid 20th century 1325:Sporting contact with South Africa 14: 7915: 5813:High Seas Treaty (BBNJ Agreement) 4201:. 29 October 2007. Archived from 3930:from the original on 26 July 2019 3714:from the original on 24 July 2019 3684:from the original on 24 July 2019 3653:from the original on 24 July 2019 3622:from the original on 24 July 2019 3579:from the original on 26 July 2019 3516:from the original on 24 July 2019 3470:Hayden, Leonie (September 2017). 3283:FALLON, VIRGINIA (30 June 2017). 2993:"- Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori" 2760:"Te Whiti-o-Rongomai III, Erueti" 2633:"New Zealand's 19th-century wars" 2439:Arrests and following court cases 2282:identity within their homelands. 1941:Waikato Tainui Raupatu Settlement 5952: 5951: 5665:Government of the Sakha Republic 5374:Indigenous Environmental Network 5255:Free, prior and informed consent 5159:Influence on New Zealand English 4265:"Wider phone tapping considered" 4046:Neilson, Michael (1 July 2022). 2902: 2674:from the original on 22 May 2017 2662:Orange, Claudia (20 June 2012). 2643:from the original on 6 July 2017 2494:The official recognition of the 2368:mountain range near the town of 1959: 1883:(Auckland) and removing (1997)a 1744: 1592:2022 New Zealand local elections 1556:in 2021 directed and written by 974: 853:Influence on New Zealand English 622: 40: 7899:Aboriginal title in New Zealand 7604:Basque Country (greater region) 7463:Guangdong Independence Movement 5939:Persecution of Uyghurs in China 5801:Fair Access and Benefit-Sharing 5485:Dakota Access Pipeline protests 4473: 4448: 4419: 4369: 4310: 4284: 4217: 4187: 4169: 4110: 4083: 4065: 4039: 4007: 3975: 3942: 3912: 3882: 3852: 3819: 3789: 3757: 3726: 3696: 3665: 3634: 3603: 3561: 3528: 3463: 3438: 3413: 3391: 3366: 3340: 3276: 3254: 3237: 3211: 3178: 3145: 3112: 3067: 3034: 3007: 2985: 2937: 2923: 2896: 2869: 2721:"The Genesis of Maori Activism" 2559:List of protests in New Zealand 1970:needs additional citations for 1793:. A group of protesters led by 1290:The Māori Affairs Amendment Act 7408:Assyrian independence movement 5849:2009 Peruvian political crisis 5359:Congress of Aboriginal Peoples 4846:Minister for Māori Development 4521: 3733:Bond, Jordan (5 August 2019). 2778: 2751: 2712: 2686: 2576: 2347:Court of Appeal of New Zealand 1304:system of land ownership. The 1105:at the then colonial capital, 813:Minister for Māori Development 1: 7889:Race relations in New Zealand 7543:Vojvodina Autonomist Movement 7538:Tibetan independence movement 7468:Hawaiian sovereignty movement 7428:Faroese independence movement 7413:Catalan independence movement 5680:Council of Indigenous Peoples 3866:. Voxy.co.nz. 6 August 2019. 2569: 2285: 1536:around central Auckland as a 1183: 1168: 1091: 7624:Chechen Republic of Ichkeria 7533:Taiwan independence movement 7508:Ryukyu independence movement 7418:Champa independence movement 7398:Alsace independence movement 5864:Expulsion of the Chagossians 4716:United Tribes of New Zealand 2486:) flag flying alongside the 2298:On 16 January 2005 during a 1950: 1911:Office of Treaty Settlements 1879:(1996) and the lone pine on 1261:Māori Women's Welfare League 1041:prior to the signing of the 7: 7488:Mapuche separatist movement 5660:Government of Bashkortostan 5525:American Indian reservation 5394:Native American Rights Fund 4118:"Tame Iti feels vindicated" 3262:"Death of the Land (video)" 2552: 2533:and Māori Affairs Minister 2395:, including members of the 2134:occupied Oruarangi Bloc in 1830:, walked the length of the 1501:In 1987 Te Reo was made an 1306:Māori Affairs Amendment Act 255:GRATK Anti-Biopiracy Treaty 10: 7920: 7523:Silesian Autonomy Movement 7403:Assam separatist movements 6558:Northern & Middle Asia 5615:Fundação Nacional do Índio 5164:Language immersion schools 3220:"How history can teach us" 2876:Derby, Mark (5 May 2011). 2847:. Wellington, N.Z.: Huia. 2790:New Zealand history online 2490:on Auckland Harbour Bridge 2471: 2357: 2212: 2123: 2073: 1819: 1748: 1613: 1336: 1263:(founded in 1951) and the 858:Language immersion schools 107:Governmental organizations 7904:Rugby union and apartheid 7840: 7792: 7566: 7528:Székely autonomy movement 7390: 7217: 7182: 7137: 7067: 7026: 7008: 7001: 6956: 6913: 6906: 6881: 6845: 6817: 6810: 6737: 6647: 6640: 6605: 6557: 6511: 6426: 6353: 6265: 6258: 6223: 6202: 6161: 6154: 6134: 6113: 6077: 6029: 6022: 6013: 5947: 5831: 5768: 5743: 5700: 5592: 5585: 5426: 5349:Assembly of First Nations 5334: 5242: 5169:Māori Language Commission 5149: 5081: 5046: 4979: 4889: 4831: 4751: 4684: 4673: 4665: 3349:"March through Whanganui" 3015:"The Haka Party Incident" 2410:Terrorism Suppression Act 2094: 1768:third National government 1676:Activism and the Tribunal 1628:Campaign for ratification 1443:Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan 1339:Rugby union and apartheid 1265:New Zealand Māori Council 863:Māori Language Commission 443:Indigenous decolonization 263:NGOs and political groups 7458:Greenlandic independence 5839:Chechen–Russian conflict 5690:Bureau of Indian Affairs 3409:– via PressReader. 2383:Approximate area of the 2269:Te Mana Motuhake o Tuhoe 1994:"Māori protest movement" 1580:Kaipara District Council 1482:Day, which later became 1191:Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana 276:Amazon Conservation Team 7884:Protests in New Zealand 5884:Little Danes experiment 5670:Government of Tatarstan 5337:political organizations 3328:Gardiner, Wira (1996). 2878:"Māori urban migration" 2539:Auckland Harbour Bridge 2529:In 2009 Prime Minister 2512:Human Rights Commission 2504:Auckland Harbour Bridge 2126:Ihumātao § history 1840:third Labour government 1700: 1652:"The Treaty is a Fraud" 1644:. This established the 1582:proceedings provoked a 1550:The Haka Party Incident 1475:1867 Native Schools Act 7483:Māori protest movement 5869:High Arctic relocation 5771:Declarations of Rights 5468:Cultural appropriation 5399:Survival International 5179:Te Wiki o te Reo Māori 5174:Māori language revival 4743:Māori protest movement 4694:Māori migration canoes 4595:The Treaty of Waitangi 4564:Bridget Williams Books 4364:cached 21 October 2007 4340:The New Zealand Herald 4322:The New Zealand Herald 4270:The New Zealand Herald 4229:The New Zealand Herald 4181:The New Zealand Herald 4164:cached 21 October 2007 4096:The New Zealand Herald 4052:The New Zealand Herald 3476:New Zealand Geographic 3159:The New Zealand Herald 3081:The New Zealand Herald 3020:ASB Waterfront Theatre 2758:Keenan, Danny (2012). 2719:Walker, R. J. (1984). 2516:direct protest actions 2496: 2491: 2388: 2300: 2295: 2255: 2233: 2210: 2104: 2062: 1812: 1728: 1722:regions following the 1659: 1642:Treaty of Waitangi Act 1598:The Treaty of Waitangi 1562:haka of the All Blacks 1542: 1530: 1526:University of Auckland 1515: 1488: 1484:te Wiki o te Reo Māori 1451: 1421: 1415: 1409: 1398: 1388: 1366: 1334: 1310: 1300: 1250: 1242: 1236: 1201:New Zealand Parliament 1195: 1132:of large parts of the 1031: 1019:Māori protest movement 981:New Zealand portal 927:("people of the land") 873:Te Wiki o te Reo Māori 868:Māori language revival 672:Māori protest movement 647:Māori migration canoes 351:Survival International 232:International Treaties 7513:Scottish independence 7478:Kashubian Association 7200:Indigenous Australian 5874:Human rights in Tibet 5601:Aotearoa-New Zealand 5495:Fortress conservation 5297:Traditional knowledge 5260:Intellectual property 5110:Representative teams 4572:10.7810/9781988587332 4358:The Sunday Star Times 4073:"Domain Default page" 3472:"When worlds collide" 2481: 2382: 2293: 2205: 2102: 2060: 1928:1996 general election 1822:Māori Land March 1975 1807: 1578:(Māori prayers) from 1429:Waitangi Day protests 1362:Halt All Racist Tours 1351:, especially through 1332: 1319:civil rights movement 1294:In the mid-1960s the 1155:(from the 1860s) and 642:Polynesian navigation 82:Traditional knowledge 67:Intellectual property 7719:Marathi Abhimaangeet 7518:Siberian regionalism 5898:Residential schools 5844:Sri Lankan Civil War 5586:Legal representation 5555:Urban Indian reserve 5444:Internal colonialism 5335:Non-governmental and 5290:in the United States 4296:indigenousportal.com 3991:. 17 December 2020. 2997:tetaurawhiri.govt.nz 2482:The national Māori ( 2464:Campaign to fly the 2198:Foreshore and Seabed 2089:New Zealand Listener 1979:improve this article 1862:by Māori playwright 1209:cultural imperialism 1199:systems such as the 1130:Crown's confiscation 92:Water and sanitation 7810:American Indigenous 7443:Free Papua Movement 6853:Balkar and Karachay 6648:Southeastern Europe 6179:Indigenous Canadian 5449:Settler colonialism 4881:Tino rangatiratanga 4861:Māori King movement 4292:"Indigenous Portal" 4183:. 17 November 2007. 3199:on 26 December 2023 3166:on 20 December 2023 3133:on 27 December 2023 3109:, pp. 157–161. 2564:Polynesian Panthers 2508:Transit New Zealand 2498:Tino Rangatiratanga 2484:tino rangatiratanga 2474:National Māori flag 2466:Tino Rangatiratanga 2120:Ihumātao occupation 1586:(protest march) in 1469:(te reo Māori) and 1296:National government 1203:in order to resist 1159:(founded in 1868). 1118:Māori King Movement 1039:European immigrants 821:Tino rangatiratanga 796:Māori King movement 468:Uncontacted peoples 458:Settler colonialism 7855:ethnic nationalism 7558:Welsh independence 7438:Free Aceh Movement 6670:in North Macedonia 6512:South-eastern Asia 6007:Ethnic nationalism 5934:Stolen Generations 5735:BBNJ ABS Committee 5490:Discovery doctrine 5434:Civilizing mission 5275:Self-determination 4936:Polynesian culture 4924:Ghosts and spirits 4738:Land confiscations 4721:Treaty of Waitangi 4383:. 31 October 2007. 4360:. 21 October 2007. 4342:. 29 October 2007. 4324:. 25 October 2007. 4252:. 9 November 2007. 4231:. 29 October 2007. 4205:on 21 January 2012 3398:Herald on Sunday. 3264:. NZOnScreen. 1978 3003:on 2 January 2002. 2700:. 26 February 2020 2492: 2403:and 230 rounds of 2389: 2296: 2211: 2105: 2063: 1813: 1799:Angeline Greensill 1780:Raglan Golf Course 1616:Treaty of Waitangi 1604:Treaty of Waitangi 1567:In December 2022, 1507:Māori Language Act 1384:civil disobedience 1335: 1082:indigenous peoples 1058:Treaty of Waitangi 1043:Treaty of Waitangi 962:List of Māori waka 667:Land confiscations 657:Treaty of Waitangi 416:Discovery doctrine 401:Civilizing mission 219:BBNJ ABS Committee 7866: 7865: 7609:Catalan Countries 7213: 7212: 7178: 7177: 7133: 7132: 6997: 6996: 6902: 6901: 6636: 6635: 6254: 6253: 6150: 6149: 5973: 5972: 5958:Indigenous rights 5827: 5826: 5760:Indigenous Caucus 5701:Intergovernmental 5550:Russian republics 5520:Autonomous okrugs 5369:Cultural Survival 5197: 5196: 4856:Māori electorates 4581:978-1-988587-33-2 4511:The Dominion Post 4407:. 17 October 2008 4381:The Dominion Post 4199:Radio New Zealand 4152:. 15 October 2007 4023:. 20 April 2021. 4020:Radio New Zealand 3956:Radio New Zealand 3924:Radio New Zealand 3896:. 6 August 2019. 3803:. 6 August 2019. 3801:Radio New Zealand 3773:. 6 August 2019. 3770:Otago Daily Times 3739:Radio New Zealand 3678:Radio New Zealand 3647:Radio New Zealand 3616:Radio New Zealand 3510:Radio New Zealand 3224:Education Gazette 3048:Radio New Zealand 2962:978-1-77550-009-4 2903:Hill, Richard S. 2854:978-1-77550-009-4 2818:nzhistory.govt.nz 2588:nzhistory.govt.nz 2421:Solicitor-General 2354:Anti-terror raids 2308:Waitangi Tribunal 2239:Labour government 2168:Penrose, Auckland 2157:Mayor of Auckland 2085:Waitangi Tribunal 2055: 2054: 2047: 2029: 1889:Lake Waikaremoana 1860:Death of the Land 1670:Māori Sovereignty 1646:Waitangi Tribunal 1554:Auckland Festival 1552:presented by the 1503:official language 1086:Waitangi Tribunal 1054:Māori renaissance 1023:indigenous rights 1015: 1014: 791:Māori electorates 609: 608: 463:Truth commissions 391:Aboriginal titles 306:Cultural Survival 224:Indigenous Caucus 34:Indigenous rights 7911: 7859: 7744:Republika Srpska 7553:Walloon Movement 7433:Flemish Movement 7006: 7005: 6911: 6910: 6815: 6814: 6645: 6644: 6263: 6262: 6159: 6158: 6027: 6026: 6020: 6019: 6000: 5993: 5986: 5977: 5976: 5955: 5954: 5889:Mapuche conflict 5859:Chiapas conflict 5854:Alta controversy 5832:Historical cases 5590: 5589: 5572:Rainbow Warriors 5562:Manifest destiny 5250:Ancestral domain 5224: 5217: 5210: 5201: 5200: 5184:Māori Television 4726:New Zealand Wars 4660: 4653: 4646: 4637: 4636: 4631: 4614:Walker, Ranginui 4609: 4585: 4556:Mackintosh, Lucy 4551: 4515: 4514: 4502: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4477: 4471: 4470: 4468: 4466: 4452: 4446: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4432: 4423: 4417: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4391: 4385: 4384: 4373: 4367: 4361: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4288: 4282: 4281: 4279: 4277: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4242: 4233: 4232: 4221: 4215: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4191: 4185: 4184: 4173: 4167: 4161: 4159: 4157: 4140: 4134: 4133: 4131: 4129: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4087: 4081: 4080: 4069: 4063: 4062: 4060: 4058: 4043: 4037: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4011: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3979: 3973: 3972: 3970: 3968: 3946: 3940: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3926:. 26 July 2019. 3916: 3910: 3909: 3907: 3905: 3886: 3880: 3879: 3877: 3875: 3856: 3850: 3849: 3847: 3845: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3793: 3787: 3786: 3784: 3782: 3761: 3755: 3754: 3752: 3750: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3710:. 24 July 2019. 3700: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3669: 3663: 3662: 3660: 3658: 3638: 3632: 3631: 3629: 3627: 3607: 3601: 3595: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3584: 3573:Māori Television 3565: 3559: 3558: 3556: 3554: 3535:Lawton, Nicole. 3532: 3526: 3525: 3523: 3521: 3501: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3487: 3478:. No. 147. 3467: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3417: 3411: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3395: 3389: 3388: 3386: 3384: 3370: 3364: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3344: 3338: 3337: 3325: 3319: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3299: 3293: 3292: 3280: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3258: 3252: 3241: 3235: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3215: 3209: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3195:. Archived from 3182: 3176: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3162:. Archived from 3149: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3129:. Archived from 3116: 3110: 3104: 3098: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3071: 3065: 3064: 3062: 3060: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3011: 3005: 3004: 2999:. 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In May 2004 a 2236: 2184:Auckland Council 2140:Fletcher Housing 2050: 2043: 2039: 2036: 2030: 2028: 1987: 1963: 1955: 1797:and assisted by 1731: 1724:New Zealand Wars 1662: 1569:Mayor of Kaipara 1547: 1535: 1520: 1496:Māori Television 1493: 1456: 1424: 1418: 1412: 1403: 1391: 1369: 1313: 1303: 1255: 1247: 1239: 1211:– in particular 1198: 1188: 1185: 1178:(1869–1937) and 1173: 1170: 1036: 1007: 1000: 993: 979: 978: 977: 878:Māori Television 734:Mātauranga Māori 662:New Zealand Wars 626: 625: 611: 610: 601: 594: 587: 575: 529:Papua New Guinea 57:Ancestral domain 44: 21: 20: 7919: 7918: 7914: 7913: 7912: 7910: 7909: 7908: 7869: 7868: 7867: 7862: 7844: 7836: 7788: 7724:Northern Epirus 7694:Ketuanan Melayu 7562: 7448:Future of Åland 7386: 7322:Native American 7219:Pan-nationalism 7209: 7174: 7138:Northern Europe 7129: 7063: 7022: 7002:Southern Europe 6993: 6952: 6898: 6877: 6841: 6806: 6733: 6632: 6601: 6553: 6507: 6422: 6349: 6250: 6219: 6198: 6189:Native American 6146: 6135:Southern Africa 6130: 6109: 6073: 6015: 6009: 6004: 5974: 5969: 5964:Minority rights 5943: 5929:San controversy 5823: 5797:Nagoya Protocol 5770: 5764: 5747: 5745: 5739: 5702: 5696: 5594: 5581: 5422: 5336: 5330: 5238: 5236:minority rights 5228: 5198: 5193: 5189:Planetary names 5145: 5129:1888–89 Natives 5077: 5042: 4975: 4885: 4827: 4747: 4680: 4669: 4664: 4634: 4628: 4606: 4590:Orange, Claudia 4582: 4548: 4524: 4519: 4518: 4503: 4499: 4489: 4487: 4479: 4478: 4474: 4464: 4462: 4454: 4453: 4449: 4439: 4437: 4435:converge.org.nz 4430: 4424: 4420: 4410: 4408: 4393: 4392: 4388: 4375: 4374: 4370: 4352: 4351: 4347: 4334: 4333: 4329: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4301: 4299: 4290: 4289: 4285: 4275: 4273: 4261: 4257: 4244: 4243: 4236: 4223: 4222: 4218: 4208: 4206: 4193: 4192: 4188: 4175: 4174: 4170: 4155: 4153: 4142: 4141: 4137: 4127: 4125: 4116: 4115: 4111: 4101: 4099: 4088: 4084: 4071: 4070: 4066: 4056: 4054: 4044: 4040: 4030: 4028: 4013: 4012: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3981: 3980: 3976: 3966: 3964: 3947: 3943: 3933: 3931: 3918: 3917: 3913: 3903: 3901: 3888: 3887: 3883: 3873: 3871: 3864:Fuseworks Media 3858: 3857: 3853: 3843: 3841: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3808: 3795: 3794: 3790: 3780: 3778: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3748: 3746: 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3702: 3701: 3697: 3687: 3685: 3670: 3666: 3656: 3654: 3639: 3635: 3625: 3623: 3608: 3604: 3600:, pp. 106. 3598:Mackintosh 2021 3596: 3592: 3582: 3580: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3552: 3550: 3533: 3529: 3519: 3517: 3502: 3495: 3485: 3483: 3468: 3464: 3454: 3452: 3450:themilitant.com 3444: 3443: 3439: 3429: 3427: 3419: 3418: 3414: 3404: 3402: 3396: 3392: 3382: 3380: 3372: 3371: 3367: 3357: 3355: 3345: 3341: 3326: 3322: 3312: 3310: 3300: 3296: 3281: 3277: 3267: 3265: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3242: 3238: 3228: 3226: 3216: 3212: 3202: 3200: 3183: 3179: 3169: 3167: 3150: 3146: 3136: 3134: 3117: 3113: 3105: 3101: 3091: 3089: 3072: 3068: 3058: 3056: 3039: 3035: 3025: 3023: 3013: 3012: 3008: 2991: 2990: 2986: 2963: 2953:Huia Publishers 2942: 2938: 2929: 2928: 2924: 2914: 2912: 2901: 2897: 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11: 5: 7917: 7907: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7879:Māori politics 7864: 7863: 7861: 7860: 7841: 7838: 7837: 7835: 7834: 7833: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7802: 7796: 7794: 7790: 7789: 7787: 7786: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7716: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7679:Karakalpakstan 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7659:East Turkestan 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7581: 7576: 7570: 7568: 7564: 7563: 7561: 7560: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7480: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7394: 7392: 7388: 7387: 7385: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7223: 7221: 7215: 7214: 7211: 7210: 7208: 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7186: 7184: 7180: 7179: 7176: 7175: 7173: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7141: 7139: 7135: 7134: 7131: 7130: 7128: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7071: 7069: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7030: 7028: 7024: 7023: 7021: 7020: 7015: 7009: 7003: 6999: 6998: 6995: 6994: 6992: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6960: 6958: 6957:United Kingdom 6954: 6953: 6951: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6914: 6908: 6907:Western Europe 6904: 6903: 6900: 6899: 6897: 6896: 6891: 6885: 6883: 6879: 6878: 6876: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6849: 6847: 6846:North Caucasus 6843: 6842: 6840: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6818: 6812: 6811:Eastern Europe 6808: 6807: 6805: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6778: 6777: 6772: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6741: 6739: 6738:Central Europe 6735: 6734: 6732: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6719:Romani (Gypsy) 6716: 6711: 6706: 6701: 6700: 6699: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6673: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6651: 6649: 6642: 6638: 6637: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6609: 6607: 6606:South Caucasus 6603: 6602: 6600: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6578: 6577: 6575:South Mongolia 6567: 6561: 6559: 6555: 6554: 6552: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6521: 6515: 6513: 6509: 6508: 6506: 6505: 6500: 6499: 6498: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6447: 6446: 6436: 6430: 6428: 6424: 6423: 6421: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6379: 6378: 6368: 6363: 6357: 6355: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6347: 6342: 6341: 6340: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6304: 6303: 6298: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6269: 6267: 6260: 6256: 6255: 6252: 6251: 6249: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6227: 6225: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6217: 6212: 6206: 6204: 6200: 6199: 6197: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6165: 6163: 6156: 6152: 6151: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6144: 6138: 6136: 6132: 6131: 6129: 6128: 6123: 6117: 6115: 6111: 6110: 6108: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6081: 6079: 6075: 6074: 6072: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6060: 6059: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6033: 6031: 6024: 6017: 6011: 6010: 6003: 6002: 5995: 5988: 5980: 5971: 5970: 5968: 5967: 5948: 5945: 5944: 5942: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5920: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5879:Indian removal 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5835: 5833: 5829: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5821: 5815: 5809: 5803: 5793: 5787: 5781: 5774: 5772: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5762: 5757: 5751: 5749: 5744:Indigenous-led 5741: 5740: 5738: 5737: 5732: 5731: 5730: 5722: 5720:Arctic Council 5717: 5716: 5715: 5709:African Union 5706: 5704: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5694: 5693: 5692: 5684: 5683: 5682: 5674: 5673: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5649: 5648: 5647: 5639: 5638: 5637: 5629: 5628: 5627: 5619: 5618: 5617: 5609: 5608: 5607: 5605:Te Puni Kōkiri 5598: 5596: 5587: 5583: 5582: 5580: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5567:Plastic shaman 5564: 5559: 5558: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5535:Indian reserve 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5507: 5502: 5500:Green grabbing 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5481: 5480: 5475: 5473:Sports mascots 5465: 5464: 5463: 5461:Bioprospecting 5453: 5452: 5451: 5446: 5436: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5340: 5338: 5332: 5331: 5329: 5328: 5327: 5326: 5324:in New Zealand 5321: 5311: 5310: 5309: 5304: 5294: 5293: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5246: 5244: 5240: 5239: 5230:International 5227: 5226: 5219: 5212: 5204: 5195: 5194: 5192: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5161: 5155: 5153: 5147: 5146: 5144: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5132: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5091:Haka in sports 5087: 5085: 5079: 5078: 5076: 5075: 5070: 5069: 5068: 5063: 5052: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5014: 5013: 5003: 5002: 5001: 4996: 4985: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4974: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4931:Naming customs 4928: 4927: 4926: 4921: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4895: 4893: 4887: 4886: 4884: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4871:Te Puni Kōkiri 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4837: 4835: 4829: 4828: 4826: 4825: 4820: 4818:Tangata whenua 4815: 4810: 4809: 4808: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4782: 4781: 4776: 4774:United Kingdom 4771: 4763: 4757: 4755: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4734: 4733: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4702: 4701: 4690: 4688: 4682: 4681: 4674: 4671: 4670: 4663: 4662: 4655: 4648: 4640: 4633: 4632: 4626: 4610: 4604: 4586: 4580: 4552: 4546: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4516: 4497: 4472: 4447: 4418: 4386: 4368: 4345: 4327: 4309: 4283: 4255: 4234: 4216: 4186: 4168: 4135: 4124:. 4 April 2007 4109: 4082: 4064: 4038: 4006: 3974: 3941: 3911: 3881: 3851: 3818: 3788: 3756: 3725: 3695: 3664: 3633: 3602: 3590: 3560: 3527: 3493: 3462: 3437: 3412: 3390: 3365: 3339: 3320: 3294: 3275: 3253: 3236: 3210: 3177: 3144: 3111: 3099: 3066: 3033: 3006: 2984: 2961: 2947:, ed. (2012). 2936: 2922: 2895: 2868: 2853: 2830: 2802: 2777: 2750: 2731:(3): 267–281. 2711: 2685: 2654: 2624: 2622:, p. 120. 2612: 2610:, p. 135. 2600: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2567: 2566: 2561: 2554: 2551: 2520:bungee jumping 2472:Main article: 2469: 2462: 2440: 2437: 2358:Main article: 2355: 2352: 2287: 2284: 2270: 2267: 2213:Main article: 2199: 2196: 2172:Jacinda Ardern 2144:South Auckland 2124:Main article: 2121: 2118: 2096: 2093: 2075: 2072: 2053: 2052: 1967: 1965: 1958: 1952: 1949: 1905: 1902: 1898:Moutoa Gardens 1875:statuary, the 1871: 1868: 1820:Main article: 1817: 1814: 1789:turned into a 1781: 1778: 1749:Main article: 1746: 1743: 1702: 1699: 1690:Te Papa Museum 1677: 1674: 1653: 1650: 1629: 1626: 1614:Main article: 1611: 1608: 1599: 1596: 1467:Māori language 1462: 1459: 1430: 1427: 1326: 1323: 1291: 1288: 1282:rugby tour of 1228:race relations 1126:rangatiratanga 1111:Bay of Islands 1093: 1090: 1062:Māori language 1013: 1012: 1010: 1009: 1002: 995: 987: 984: 983: 970: 969: 965: 964: 959: 954: 948: 947: 944: 943: 940: 939: 935: 934: 928: 925:Tangata whenua 922: 917: 911: 905: 900: 894: 893: 890: 889: 886: 885: 881: 880: 875: 870: 865: 860: 855: 849: 848: 843: 842: 839: 838: 834: 833: 828: 823: 818: 816: 815: 809: 807:Te Puni Kōkiri 804: 798: 793: 788: 783: 777: 776: 771: 770: 767: 766: 762: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 719:Naming customs 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 690: 689: 684: 683: 680: 679: 675: 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 649: 644: 638: 637: 632: 631: 628: 627: 619: 618: 607: 606: 604: 603: 596: 589: 581: 578: 577: 569: 568: 567: 566: 561: 556: 551: 546: 541: 536: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 478: 477: 473: 472: 471: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 439: 438: 428: 423: 421:Discrimination 418: 413: 408: 406:Climate change 403: 398: 393: 385: 384: 380: 379: 378: 377: 376: 375: 363: 358: 356:The Red Nation 353: 348: 343: 338: 333: 328: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 283: 278: 273: 265: 264: 260: 259: 258: 257: 252: 247: 242: 234: 233: 229: 228: 227: 226: 221: 216: 211: 206: 198: 197: 194:United Nations 190: 189: 188: 187: 182: 177: 172: 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 125:Arctic Council 122: 117: 109: 108: 104: 103: 102: 101: 100: 99: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 59: 51: 50: 46: 45: 37: 36: 30: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7916: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7894:Māori history 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7857: 7856: 7852: 7851:ethnic groups 7848: 7843: 7842: 7839: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7807: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7800:Local (China) 7798: 7797: 7795: 7791: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7664:Herzeg-Bosnia 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 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6306: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6270: 6268: 6264: 6261: 6257: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6228: 6226: 6224:South America 6222: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6207: 6205: 6201: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6166: 6164: 6162:North America 6160: 6157: 6153: 6143: 6140: 6139: 6137: 6133: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6118: 6116: 6112: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6082: 6080: 6076: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6058: 6055: 6054: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6034: 6032: 6028: 6025: 6021: 6018: 6012: 6008: 6001: 5996: 5994: 5989: 5987: 5982: 5981: 5978: 5966: 5965: 5960: 5959: 5950: 5949: 5946: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5918: 5917:United States 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5830: 5820: 5816: 5814: 5810: 5808: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5792: 5788: 5786: 5782: 5780: 5776: 5775: 5773: 5767: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5752: 5750: 5746:international 5742: 5736: 5733: 5729: 5726: 5725: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5714: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5699: 5691: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5681: 5678: 5677: 5675: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5646: 5643: 5642: 5640: 5636: 5633: 5632: 5630: 5626: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5610: 5606: 5603: 5602: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5591: 5588: 5584: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5530:Indian colony 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5470: 5469: 5466: 5462: 5459: 5458: 5457: 5454: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5441: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5431: 5429: 5425: 5418: 5417: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5341: 5339: 5333: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5316: 5315: 5314:Treaty rights 5312: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5299: 5298: 5295: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5277: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5225: 5220: 5218: 5213: 5211: 5206: 5205: 5202: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5162: 5160: 5157: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5148: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5111: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5088: 5086: 5084: 5080: 5074: 5071: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5058: 5057: 5054: 5053: 5051: 5049: 5045: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5012: 5009: 5008: 5007: 5004: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4991: 4990: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4982: 4978: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4961:Tikanga Māori 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4539: 4538:Penguin Books 4535: 4531: 4530:King, Michael 4527: 4526: 4512: 4508: 4501: 4486: 4482: 4476: 4461: 4457: 4451: 4436: 4429: 4422: 4406: 4402: 4401: 4396: 4390: 4382: 4378: 4372: 4365: 4359: 4355: 4349: 4341: 4337: 4331: 4323: 4319: 4313: 4297: 4293: 4287: 4272: 4271: 4266: 4259: 4251: 4247: 4241: 4239: 4230: 4226: 4220: 4204: 4200: 4196: 4190: 4182: 4178: 4172: 4165: 4151: 4150: 4145: 4139: 4123: 4119: 4113: 4097: 4093: 4086: 4078: 4074: 4068: 4053: 4049: 4042: 4026: 4022: 4021: 4016: 4010: 3994: 3990: 3989: 3984: 3978: 3962: 3958: 3957: 3952: 3945: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3915: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3885: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3855: 3839: 3835: 3834: 3829: 3822: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3792: 3776: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3760: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3729: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3699: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3668: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3637: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3606: 3599: 3594: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3564: 3548: 3544: 3543: 3538: 3531: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3500: 3498: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3466: 3451: 3447: 3441: 3426: 3422: 3416: 3401: 3394: 3379: 3378:aparchive.com 3375: 3369: 3354: 3353:teara.govt.nz 3350: 3343: 3335: 3331: 3324: 3309: 3305: 3298: 3290: 3286: 3279: 3263: 3257: 3250: 3246: 3240: 3225: 3221: 3214: 3198: 3194: 3193: 3188: 3181: 3165: 3161: 3160: 3155: 3148: 3132: 3128: 3127: 3122: 3115: 3108: 3103: 3087: 3083: 3082: 3077: 3070: 3054: 3050: 3049: 3044: 3037: 3022: 3021: 3016: 3010: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2988: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2940: 2932: 2926: 2910: 2906: 2899: 2883: 2879: 2872: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2850: 2846: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2819: 2815: 2809: 2807: 2791: 2787: 2781: 2765: 2764:teara.govt.nz 2761: 2754: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2715: 2699: 2695: 2689: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2658: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2628: 2621: 2616: 2609: 2604: 2589: 2585: 2579: 2575: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2556: 2550: 2548: 2544: 2543:Premier House 2540: 2536: 2535:Pita Sharples 2532: 2527: 2525: 2524:Teanau Tuiono 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2500: 2499: 2489: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2467: 2461: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2427: 2426:David Collins 2422: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2386: 2381: 2377: 2375: 2374:Bay of Plenty 2371: 2367: 2361: 2351: 2348: 2344: 2343:Annette Sykes 2339: 2337: 2332: 2329: 2323: 2321: 2317: 2316:East Cape War 2313: 2309: 2304: 2303: 2292: 2283: 2280: 2276: 2266: 2264: 2261:(march) from 2259: 2258: 2252: 2248: 2247:Tariana Turia 2244: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2209: 2204: 2195: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2175: 2173: 2169: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2127: 2117: 2113: 2111: 2101: 2092: 2090: 2086: 2081: 2071: 2069: 2059: 2049: 2046: 2038: 2027: 2024: 2020: 2017: 2013: 2010: 2006: 2003: 1999: 1996: – 1995: 1991: 1990:Find sources: 1984: 1980: 1974: 1973: 1968:This section 1966: 1962: 1957: 1956: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1937: 1933: 1932:Te Kawau Maro 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1912: 1901: 1899: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1885:Colin McCahon 1882: 1881:One Tree Hill 1878: 1877:America's Cup 1867: 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