1293:(outer precincts of a temple) and streets accommodate an elaborate festival calendar in which dramatic processions circumambulate the shrines at varying distances from the centre. The temple chariots used in processions are progressively larger in size based on the size of the concentric streets. Ancient Tamil classics record the temple as the centre of the city and the surrounding streets appearing liken a lotus and its petals. The city's axes were aligned with the four-quarters of the compass, and the four gateways of the temple provided access to it. The wealthy and higher echelons of the society were placed in streets close to the temple, while the poorest were placed in the fringe streets. With the advent of British rule during the 19th century, Madurai became the headquarters of a large colonial political complex and an industrial town; with urbanisation, the social hierarchical classes became unified.
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British. The moat was drained and the debris was used to construct new streets – Veli, Marat and
Perumaal Mesthiri streets. The city was constituted as a municipality in 1866 under the Town Improvement Act of 1865. The British government faced initial hiccups during the earlier period of the establishment of municipality in land ceiling and tax collection in Madurai and Dindigul districts under the direct administration of the officers of the government. The city, along with the district, was resurveyed between 1880 and 1885 CE and subsequently, five municipalities were constituted in the two districts and six taluk boards were set up for local administration. Police stations were established in Madurai city, housing the headquarters of the District Superintendent.
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3300:. The annual 10 day Meenakshi Tirukalyanam festival, also called Chittirai festival, celebrated during April–May every year attracts 1 million visitors. Legend has it that Hindu god Vishnu, as Alagar, rode on a golden horse to Madurai to attend the celestial wedding of Meenakshi (Parvati) with Sundareswarar (Shiva). During the Cradle festival, the festive idols of Meenakshi and Sundareswarar are taken in procession to a mirror chamber and set on a rocking swing for nine days. Avanimoolam festival is celebrated during the month of September when the 64 sacred games of Hindu god Shiva,
2466:, assisted by Deputy Commissioners. Enforcement of law and order in the suburban areas are handled by the Madurai district police. In 2008, the crime rate in the city was 283.2 per 100,000 people, accounting for 1.1 per cent of all crimes reported in major cities in India, and it was ranked 19th among 35 major cities in India. As of 2008, Madurai recorded the second highest SLL (Special and Local Laws) crimes, at 22,728, among cities in Tamil Nadu. However, Madurai had the second lowest crime rate at 169.1 of all the cities in Tamil Nadu. The city is also the seat of a bench of the
2880:(SSI) after 1991, the industrialisation of Madurai increased employment in the sector across the district from 63,271 in 1992–93 to 166,121 persons in 2001–02. Madurai is one of the few rubber growing areas in South India, and there are rubber-based industries in Madurai. Gloves, sporting goods, mats, other utility products and automobile rubber components are the most produced items by these industries. Automobile manufacturers are the major consumers of rubber components produced in the city. There are numerous textile, granite and chemical industries operating in Madurai.
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2732:(originally called Madurai University), established in 1966, is a state-run university which has 109 affiliated arts and science colleges in Madurai and neighbouring districts. There are 47 approved institutions of the university in and around the city, consisting of autonomous colleges, aided colleges, self-financing colleges, constituent colleges, evening colleges and other approved institutions.
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3086:, is a celebrated Vishnu temple 21 kilometres (13 mi) northeast of Madurai situated at the foothills of Solaimalai. The deity, Kallazhagar, is believed to be the brother of Meenakshi and worshiped by Meenakshi, the presiding deity at the Meenakshi temple. The festival calendars of these two temples overlap during the Meenakshi Thirukalyanam festival. The temple is glorified in the
1361:. Madurai lies southeast of the western ghats, and the surrounding region occupies the plains of South India and contains several mountain spurs. The soil type in central Madurai is predominantly clay loam, while red loam and black cotton types are widely prevalent in the outer fringes of the city. Paddy is the major crop, followed by pulses, millet, oil seed, cotton and sugarcane.
1014:. Their mission was to secure a bride for Prince Vijaya. The Pandyan King of Madurai agreed to the proposal. He not only sent his own daughter to marry Prince Vijaya but also requested other families to offer their daughters to marry the prince's ministers and retainers. So, along with the Princess and hundreds of maidens, craftsmen and a thousand families from the eighteen
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study based on the data available with the Indian
Meteorological Department on Madurai over a period of 62 years indicate rising trend in atmospheric temperature over Madurai city, attributed to urbanisation, growth of vehicles and industrial activity. The maximum temperature of 42 °C or 107.6 °F for the decade of 2001 to 2010 was recorded in 2004 and in 2010.
1390:. The hottest months are from March to July. The city experiences a moderate climate from August to October, tempered by heavy rain and thundershowers, and a slightly cooler climate from November to February. Fog and dew are rare, occurring only during the winter season. Being equidistant from mountains and the sea, it experiences similar monsoon pattern with
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All these departments are under the control of a
Municipal Commissioner, who is the supreme executive head. The legislative powers are vested in a body of 100 members, one each from the 100 wards. The legislative body is headed by an elected Mayor assisted by a Deputy Mayor. The corporation received several awards in 2008 for implementing development works.
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the flood water from primary, secondary and tertiary drains constructed along the roadsides to dispose of rain water. The sewer system was first established by the
British in Madurai in 1924 to cover the core city area, which covers 30 per cent of the present city area. It was further expanded in 1959 and 1983 by a corporation plan. The 2011
2759:. There are three teacher training institutes, two music colleges, three management institutes and 30 arts and sciences colleges in Madurai. The agricultural college and research institute in Madurai, started in 1965 by the state government, provides agricultural education to aspirants in the southern districts of Tamil Nadu.
2533:, Palanganatham and Periyar Bus stand. There are 12,754 registered three-wheeled vehicle called auto rickshaws which are commercially available for renting within the city. Over the government operated city buses that are used for public transport, there are 236 registered private mini-buses that support local transportation.
2199:, is the largest minority language which is spoken by 5.4% of the population. Other significant minority languages include Telugu (2.7%) and Urdu (1.5%). Roman Catholics in Madurai are affiliated with the Roman Catholic Diocese of Madurai, while Protestants are affiliated with the Madurai-Ramnad Diocese of the
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About 400 metric tonnes of solid waste are collected from the city every day by door-to-door collection, and the subsequent source segregation and dumping is carried out by the sanitary department of the
Corporation of Madurai All the major channels in Madurai are linked by the corporation to receive
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Temperatures during summer generally reach a maximum of 42 °C or 107.6 °F and a minimum of 26.3 °C or 79.3 °F, although temperatures up to 43 °C or 109.4 °F are not uncommon. Winter temperatures range between 29.6 °C or 85.3 °F and 18 °C or 64.4 °F. A
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and participated in the Hindu festivals during the early part of their rule. The city evolved as a political and industrial complex through the 19th and 20th centuries to become a district headquarters of a larger
Madurai district. In 1837, the fortifications around the temple were demolished by the
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is the most popular historical sport in Tamil Nadu, which is a part of the Pongal festival (harvest festival) celebrated during
January. The bull taming event is held in the villages surrounding Madurai when people from the neighbouring villages throng the open grounds to watch man and bull pitting
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on 1 May 1971 as per the
Madurai City Municipal Corporation Act, 1971. It is the second oldest municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu, after Chennai. The functions of the municipality are devolved into six departments: General, Engineering, Revenue, Public Health, Town planning, and the Computer Wing.
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rule during the 16th century to increase the revenue from agriculture. The paddy fields cultivated in the Vaigai delta across
Madurai North, Melur, Nilakottai and Uthamapalayam are known as "double-crop paddy belts". Farmers in the district supplement their income with subsidiary occupations like
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based on pre-expansion limits, the area covered under the
Corporation of Madurai had a population of 1,017,865 with a sex-ratio of 999 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 100,324 were under the age of six, constituting 51,485 males and 48,839 females.
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in 1636 CE. It is a national monument maintained by the Tamil Nadu Archaeological Department. The daily sound and light show organized by the department explains the virtues of King Thirumalai and the features of the palace. The palace of Rani Mangamma has been renovated to house one of the five
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was constituted on 1 November 1866 as per the Town Improvement Act of 1865. The municipality was headed by a chairperson and elections were regularly conducted for the post except during the period 1891 to 1896, when no elections were held due to violent factionalism. During the early years of
817:
Madurai is one of the many temple towns known for Arshad in the state which is named after the groves, clusters or forests dominated by a particular variety of a tree or shrub and the same variety of tree or shrub sheltering the presiding deity. The region is believed to have been covered with
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The Eco park, situated in Tallakulam, features fountains and lighting in trees using optical fibres. Rajaji children park, maintained by the Corporation of Madurai, is situated between the Gandhi museum and the Tamukkam grounds – it has a visitor average of 5,000 per day during holidays and
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which is sub-urban of Madurai is business hub for automotive industries such as KUN BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Isuzu, Volkswagen, Toyota, Mahindra, Tata, Maruti Suzuki, Mitsubishi, Ashok Leyland, Jeep, Fiat India (FCA). The government has created Uchapatti-Thoppur satellite Township in Kappalur.
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In 2001, Slum-dwellers comprise 32.6 per cent of the total population, much higher than the national average of 15.05 per cent. The increase in growth rate to 50 per cent from 1971 to 1981 is due to the city's upgrade to a municipal corporation in 1974 and the subsequent inclusion of 13
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to celebrate the birth anniversary of King Thirumalai Nayak. The decorated icons of the Meenakshi and her consort are taken out in a procession from the Meenakshi Temple to the Mariamman Teppakulam. The icons are floated in the tank on a raft decked with flowers and flickering lamps.
1357:, which runs in the northwest–southeast direction through the city, dividing it into two almost equal halves. The Sirumalai and Nagamalai hills lie to the north and west of Madurai. The land in and around Madurai is utilised largely for agricultural activity, which is fostered by the
2462:, which, for administrative purposes, has constituted Madurai city as a separate district. The district is divided into four sub-divisions, namely Thallakulam, Anna Nagar, Thilagar Thidal and Town, with a total of 27 police stations. The Madurai city police force is headed by a
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accounted for 6.27% and 0.31% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the city was 81.95%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The urban agglomeration of Madurai had a population of 1,465,625, and is the third largest in Tamil Nadu and the 31st in India.
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during the early 9th century. The city was fought over between the Cholas and the Pandyas during the 12th century, changing hands several times, until the early 13th century, when the second Pandyan empire was established with Madurai as its capital. After the death of
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meaning the city that never sleeps, on account of the active night life. The city attracts a large number of tourists from within the country and abroad. About 9,100,000 tourists visited Madurai in 2010, out of which foreigners numbered 524,000. The palace complex of
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pass through Madurai. The state highways passing through the city are SH-32, SH-33 and SH-72, which connect various parts of Madurai district. Madurai is one of the seven circles of the Tamil Nadu State Highway network. Madurai is the headquarters of the
2697:, the comparative merit of the poets was decided by letting the works float in the lotus tank of the temple. It was believed that a divine force would cause the work of superior merit to float on the surface, while the inferior ones would sink.
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meaning rules of architecture) related to urban planning. These squares retain their traditional names of Aadi, Chittirai, Avani-moola and Masi streets, corresponding to the Tamil month names and also to the festivals associated.
3437:(TNEB). The city is the headquarters of the Madurai region of TNEB and along with its suburbs, forms the Madurai Metro Electricity Distribution Circle, which is further divided into six divisions. Water supply is provided by the
1237:. In 2011 the Corporation of Madurai expanded the area of its jurisdiction from seventy-two wards to one hundred wards, an increase in area from 51.82 square kilometres (12,810 acres) to 147.997 square kilometres (36,571 acres).
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means an assembly or congregation of scholarly people, referring to the three Tamil Sangams held at Madurai. Naanmadakoodal, meaning the junction of four towers, refers to the four major temples for which Madurai was known for.
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3190:. The graves of Hazrat Sulthan Alauddin Badhusha, Hazrat Sulthan Shamsuddeen Badhusha and Hazrat Sulthan Ghaibuddeen Badhusha are found here. The urus festival of this dargah is held on 15th night of the Islamic month of
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2,000–3,000 on working days. MGR Race Course Stadium is an athletic stadium which has a synthetic track and a swimming pool. Several National Meets are held here. It also hosts several international and national level
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2912:, an agency of the Government of India, has authorised several such companies to receive benefits under its national information technology development program. The state government proposed two IT-based
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may have visited Madurai during the 3rd century BCE, with the city referred as "Methora" in his accounts. The view is contested by some scholars who believe "Methora" refers to the north Indian city of
3013:, though the present structure was built between 1623 and 1655 CE. The temple attracts 15,000 visitors a day and around 25,000 during Fridays. There are an estimated 33,000 sculptures in the temple.
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in 2014, large protests in 2017 led to the sport's reinstatement. Santhanakoodu festivals in Madurai are celebrated on various days during the Islamic calendar year to commemorate Islamic saints.
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1010:'s (543–505 BCE) arrival in Sri Lanka with his 700 followers. According to the Mahavamsa, emissaries laden with precious gifts, jewels and pearls, were sent from Sri Lanka to Madurai of ancient
678:, Madurai has been a major settlement for two millennia and has a documented history of more than 2500 years. It is often referred to as "Thoonga Nagaram", meaning "the city that never sleeps".
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Kadamba forest and hence called Kadambavanam. The city is referred by various names including "Madurai", "Koodal", "Malligai Maanagar", "Naanmadakoodal" and "Thirualavai". It is believed that
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by six elected members, one each for the Madurai East, Madurai West, Madurai North, Madurai Central, Madurai South and Thirupparankundram constituencies. Most of Madurai city comes under the
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2595:. Madurai has rail connectivity with most important cities and towns in India. Madurai has rail connectivity with important cities and towns in India. The state government has announced the
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is a hill 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) away from Madurai, where the Hindu god Murugan is believed to have married Deivanai. The temple is the first among the six holy abodes of Murugan, the
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Madurai was traditionally an agrarian society, with rice paddies as the main crop. Cotton crop cultivation in the regions with black soil in Madurai district was introduced during the
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2755:, established in 1979, is one of the seven government law colleges in the state. It is administered by the Tamil Nadu Government Department of Legal Studies, and affiliated with the
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s (gateway towers) ranging from 45–50 metres (148–164 ft) in height, the tallest being the southern tower, 51.9 metres (170 ft) high. There are also two golden sculptured
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in British-ruled India, first adopted the loin cloth as his mode of dress after seeing agricultural labourers wearing it. Leaders of the independence movement in Madurai included
2739:(ITIs) in Madurai, with the Government ITI and the Government Polytechnic for Women being the most prominent of them all. There are two government medical institutes in Madurai,
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and received the piece of land from the Pandya ruler, Kulasekara Pandiyan during the 13th century. It is claimed to be the oldest Islamic monument in Madurai. The dargah of
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to the 3rd century CE), were said to have been held at Madurai. Tamil poets of different epochs participated in these assemblies, and their compositions are referred to as
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published in Madurai. Television broadcasting from Chennai for whole of Tamil Nadu was started on 15 August 1975. Direct-to-home cable television services are provided by
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1261:, which acted as the geographic and ritual centre of the ancient city of Madurai. The city is divided into a number of concentric quadrangular streets around the temple.
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Muslim Architecture of South India: The Sultanate of Ma'bar and the traditions of maritime settlers on the Malabar and Coramandel Coasts (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Goa)
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3384:, though not printed in the city, is another English-language daily newspaper available in the city. The most read Tamil-language daily morning newspapers include
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Madurai has been an academic centre of learning for Tamil culture, literature, art, music and dance for centuries. All three assemblies of the Tamil language, the
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with overhead tanks and power pumps. In the period 2010–2011, a total of 950.6 lakh litres of water was supplied to 87,091 connections for households in Madurai.
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783:. The city covers an area of 147.97 km (57.13 sq mi) and had a population of 1,470,755 in 2011. The city is also the seat of a bench of the
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Championships. Railway grounds at Arasaradi, Medical college grounds & Madura College Grounds are the full-fledged cricket stadiums in the city.
3134:, literally "Six Battle Camps", and one of the most visited tourist spots in Madurai. The temple has a wide range of Hindu gods carved on the walls.
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946:, one of the 108 Vishnu temples that are mentioned in the book. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the temple finds mention in several works like
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2763:, a premier medical institution, is also under construction in Madurai and will cover 224 acres (910,000 m) of land, at an estimated cost of
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and Homoeopathic Medical College, Thirumangalam and 11 paramedical institutes. There are fifteen engineering colleges in Madurai affiliated to
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and 0.47% others. Tamil is the main language, and the standard dialect is the Madurai Tamil dialect, and is spoken by 89.0% of the population.
1398:, with the former providing more rain during October to December. The average annual rainfall for the Madurai district is about 85.76 cm.
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in 2012 allowing limited number of international flights. It offers domestic flights to some cities in India and international services to
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Hand coloured antique wood engraving drawn by W. Purser (1858) shows Madurai city and Meenakshi Temple as seen from the north bank of the
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2728:(established in 1964), Tamil Nadu Polytechnic College ( established in 1946), are the oldest educational institutions of the city.
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Madurai is hot and dry for eight months of the year. Cold winds are experienced during February and March as in the neighbouring
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selected for AMRUT Schemes from central government and the developmental activities are taken care by government of Tamil Nadu.
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A regional passport office was opened on 17 December 2007 and caters to the needs of nine districts. The city is served by the
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3986:. Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Archived from
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hills and traded at the Madurai morning flower market. An average of 2,000 farmers sell flowers daily at the flower market.
2451:(2014–2020) have each won once. Part of the city which falls under Thirupparankundram assembly constituency comes under the
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Kappalur has many polymer and houseware manufacturing units. Some software companies have opened their offices in Madurai.
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The people of Madurai celebrate numerous festivals, which include Meenakshi Tirukkalyanam, the Chittirai Festival and the
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into the corporation limits. The decline in the population growth rate between 1981 and 2001 is due to the bifurcation of
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from entering Hindu temples. The temple entry movement was first led in Madurai Meenakshi temple by independence activist
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in 1997. The compounded annual growth rate dropped from 4.10 per cent during 1971–81 to 1.27 per cent during 1991–2004.
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Madurai is an important industrial and educational hub in South Tamil Nadu. The city is home to various automobile,
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8015:{Page 59, The Great Chronicle of Ceylon, Translated in to English by Wilhelm Geiger, Oxford University Press, 1912}
3531:, the total city covering an area of 51.82 square kilometres (20.01 sq mi) had a population of 1,017,865.
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Madurai has been ranked 42nd best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India.
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in Thoppur, in the outskirts of the city, is set to be completed by 2022 as per Central government press release.
3456:(BSNL), India's state-owned telecom and internet services provider. Both Global System for Mobile Communications (
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as Mathuravalli. A granite wall surrounds the temple, enclosing all its shrines. The temple has a five-tiered raja
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festival or float festival is celebrated in the month of January – February, on the full moon day of Tamil Month
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1353:. It has an average elevation of 134 metres. The city of Madurai lies on the flat and fertile plain of the river
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records the importance of Madurai as a capital city of the Pandyan dynasty. Madurai is mentioned in the works of
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Thoonga Nagaram (The City that never sleeps), Athens of the East, City of Jasmine, City of Festivals, Temple City
122:
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5691:. Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011.
5574:. Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013.
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M., Rajagopalan (1993). 15 Vaishnava Temples of Tamil Nadu. Chennai, India: Govindaswamy Printers. pp. 119–128.
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in Manalur. The city is believed to be of significant antiquity and has been ruled, at different times, by the
9363:"The Central Government has recently issued a gazette notification towards the establishment of AIIMS Madurai"
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1265:(1529–64 CE), the first Madurai Nayak king, redesigned the city in accordance with the principles laid out by
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3266:) in the country. It includes a part of the blood-stained garment worn by Gandhi when he was assassinated by
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846:. The different names by which the city has been referred to historically are listed in the 7th-century poem
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Abram, David; Edwards, Nick; Ford, Mike; Jacobs, Daniel; Meghji, Shafik; Sen, Devdan; Thomas, Gavin (2011).
3408: – all these newspapers have editions from Madurai. There are also daily Tamil evening newspapers like
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dairy farming, poultry-farming, pottery, brick making, mat-weaving and carpentry. Madurai is famed for its
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and Mohammad Ismail Sahib. The Temple Entry Authorization and Indemnity Act passed by the government of
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3035:(nine planet deities), which are otherwise found only in Shiva temples. the temple is glorified in the
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is the oldest college in Madurai, and was established in 1881 by American Christian missionaries. The
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Provincial Geographies of India Vol 4: The Madras Presidency with Mysore, Coorg and Associated States
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then seceded from Delhi and functioned as an independent kingdom until its gradual annexation by the
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This article is about the city in Tamil Nadu, India. For the administrative district of Madurai, see
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After the Sangam age, most of present-day Tamil Nadu, including Madurai, came under the rule of the
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4558:. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 181.
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is an important railway junction in southern Tamil Nadu and constitutes a separate division of the
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in Madurai, which is one of the most prominent landmarks of the city. The temple is dedicated to
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seven times in the 1962–67, 1971–77, 1977–80, 1980–84, 1984–89, 1989–91 and 1991 elections. The
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kings who commissioned pillared halls and major shrines of the temple during the 16th century.
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is the first Muslim place of worship in the city. It was constructed under the supervision of
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manufacturing industries. Madurai has important government educational institutes such as the
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9279:"List of cities where Calling Line Identification (CLI) Based Internet Service is available"
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The Transition to a Colonial Economy: Weavers, Merchants and Kings in South India, 1720–1800
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Hariharan, Sindhu (17 May 2002). "Honeywell Technology Solutions set to expand in Madurai".
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2551:. There are direct trains from Madurai connecting the important cities in Tamil Nadu like
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The Corporation of Madurai has an area of 147.97 square kilometres or 57.13 square miles.
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Researches into the causes, nature, and treatment of the more prevalent diseases of India
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Pillared halls of Thirumalai Nayakar Palace, built during 1636 CE and a national monument
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in Madurai, which is one of the most prominent landmarks of the city. It is dedicated to
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8171:. Madurai, India: National Informatics Centre, Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived from
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7327:
Sacred Places of a Lifetime: 500 of the World's Most Peaceful and Powerful Destinations
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are the three principal English-language daily newspapers which have Madurai editions.
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3005:(shrines) over the sanctum of the main deities. The temple is a significant symbol for
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History of Land Revenue Settlement and Abolition of Intermediary Tenures in Tamil Nadu
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There are a total of 369 primary, secondary and higher secondary schools in the city.
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and provides local and inter city bus transport across four districts namely Madurai,
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won the seat three times during 1967–71, 1999–2004 and 2004–09 general elections. The
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A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid Eighteenth century
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3749:"Tamil Nādu – City Population – Cities, Towns & Provinces – Statistics & Map"
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689:, a major congregation of Tamil scholars, is said to have been held in the city. The
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Concise classified dictionary of Hinduism By Kodayanallur Vanamamalai Soundara Rajan
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1163:. Nayak rule ended in 1736 CE and Madurai was repeatedly captured several times by
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646:. It is the cultural capital of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of
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7692:"High-level team inspects AIIMS site in Madurai, compound wall to be raised soon"
7640:"The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University – Affiliated Government law colleges"
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Buildings and Society: Essays on the Social Development of the Built Environment
9008:
8453:"Gandhi relics should be a medium to spread the message: Gandhi Museum director"
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2423:, once every five years. From 1957, the Madurai parliament seat was held by the
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dedicated to Vishnu, who is worshipped as Viyooga Sundarrajan, and his consort
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independent India, the Madurai municipality was dominated by reformists of the
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2916:(SEZ) in Madurai, and these have been fully occupied by various IT companies,
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9247:"List of cities where BSNL broadband service is available (As on 01.01.2007)"
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3464:(CDMA) mobile services are available. Apart from telecom, BSNL also provides
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to the museum inspired him to lead peaceful protests against discrimination.
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in 1942., is located 12 kilometers from the city. The airport was declared a
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in 1378 CE. Madurai became independent from Vijayanagar in 1559 CE under the
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961:, the 7th- or 8th-century Tamil compositions on Shiva by the three prominent
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7985:"Work on provision of infrastructure begins in Information Technology parks"
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service and Caller Line Identification (CLI) based internet service Netone.
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2661:. The airport handled 842,300 passengers between April 2015 and March 2016.
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Tamil geographies: cultural constructions of space and place in South India
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Temples of Kr̥ṣṇa in South India: History, Art, and Traditions in Tamilnāḍu
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Map of Madurai showing core centre of the city and some important landmarks
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The city as a sacred center: essays on six Asian contexts: Annual meetings
7269:. Chennai, India: Airport Authority of India. 29 June 2012. Archived from
6973:"Regional Transport Office – Registered commercial vehicles in Tamil Nadu"
6941:"Regional Transport Office - Registered commercial vehicles in Tamil Nadu"
6535:"Key highlights of the general elections 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha"
6503:"Key highlights of the general elections 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha"
3063:, the gateway tower. The temple is originally believed to be built by the
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9331:"Tamil Nadu / Madurai News: Efforts on to get mega hospital for Madurai"
9220:. India: Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission. Archived from
6599:"Key highlights of the general elections 1996 to the Eleventh Lok Sabha"
4983:
The Congress in Tamilnad: nationalist politics in South India, 1919–1937
3320:
their strength against each other. Although the event was banned by the
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8236:. National Informatics Centre, Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived from
7905:. National Informatics Centre, Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived from
6631:"Key highlights of the general elections 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha"
6343:"Key highlights of the general elections 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha"
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8678:"Tamil Nadu passes order to lift bull-taming ban after angry protests"
6567:"Key highlights of the general elections 1957 to the Second Lok Sabha"
6471:"Key highlights of the general elections 1967 to the Fourth Lok Sabha"
6375:"Key highlights of the general elections 1984 to the Eighth Lok Sabha"
6114:
6099:
Civic affairs (Report). Vol. 18. Citizen Press. 1970. p. 80.
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Early Tamil Epigraphy from the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D
2536:
991:
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texts refer to Madurai as the "southern Mathura", probably similar to
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9123:
9065:
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8585:
8553:
8488:
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6439:"Key highlights of the general elections 1991 to the Tenth Lok Sabha"
6407:"Key highlights of the general elections 1989 to the Ninth Lok Sabha"
6311:"Key highlights of the general elections 1977 to the Sixth Lok Sabha"
6279:"Key highlights of the general elections 1971 to the Fifth Lok Sabha"
6247:"Key highlights of the general elections 1962 to the Third Lok Sabha"
6155:
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4654:. New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited. p.
3922:
3527:
The figure corresponds to the expanded city limits. According to the
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Gandhi Memorial Museum, one of the five Gandhi Sangrahalayas in India
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Madurai Junction railway station, the main railway station of Madurai
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479:
474:
86:
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4036:"Directorate of Town and Country Planning, Government of Tamil Nadu"
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covered 90 per cent of households with underground drainage system.
1951:
Source 1: Indian Meteorological Department Mean data from 1981–2010
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Electricity supply to the city is regulated and distributed by the
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trade links dating back to 300 BCE are evident from excavations by
702:
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6891:. Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (Madurai) Limited. 2011.
4682:
Later Chola Temples: Kulottunga I to Rajendra III (A.D. 1070-1280)
3240:
3178:
is located in Gorippalayam, the name of which is derived from the
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2789:(US$ 240 million) in the sub-urban Thoppur Madurai district.
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since February 2018. The carriers operating from the airport are
517:
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The city hosts several radio stations, including the state-owned
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are the trade names of two types of granite produced in Madurai.
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2708:, established in 1948, is the oldest women's college in Madurai.
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of the city goes back to the 3rd century BCE, being mentioned by
663:
332:
146:
7480:
7070:"AIADMK revives Chennai Monorail Project – southindia – Chennai"
5359:"Temperature is on an increasing trend in Madurai during summer"
5035:"Special postage stamp on freedom fighters and social reformers"
5010:
Political Evolution of Muslims in Tamilnadu and Madras 1930–1947
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5633:. Directorate of census operations – Tamil Nadu. Archived from
5548:. Directorate of census operations – Tamil Nadu. Archived from
5322:"Water year – District ground water brochure, Madurai district"
4454:
History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura, Ca. 150 BCE-100 CE
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Madurai has been inhabited since at least the 3rd century BCE.
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8121:. Madurai, India: Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation.
6888:
6865:. Highways Department, Government of Tamilnadu. Archived from
4718:. New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. p. 26.
3106:
as Thirumagal. This temple is called as Thirumaliruncholai in
2183:
According to the religious census of 2011, Madurai had 85.83%
884:
at the centre of the city. Historians are of the opinion that
12730:
12641:
12581:
12416:
12395:
12160:
11723:
11071:
10906:
9880:
7614:"List of Colleges affiliated to Madurai Kamarajar University"
6113:. Commissionerate of Municipal Administration. Archived from
5132:. New York: State University of New York Press. p. 149.
3885:"Archealogical excavation uncovers Roman Pandyan trade links"
3169:
3115:
2990:
2771:
2630:
2124:
1015:
972:
591:
321:
9403:(Report). Madurai: Madurai Corporation. 2004. Archived from
8978:
5495:
Singh, Ujagir; Dube, Kamala Kant; Singh, Alok Kumar (1988).
5257:. New York: Britannica Educational Publishing. p. 192.
4622:
The Puffin History of India for Children, 3000 BCE – CE 1947
12665:
12529:
7419:"HC orders disbursal of salaries to American College staff"
3831:. Serendib (BT Options Pvt Ltd). April 2017. Archived from
3211:
3149:
3141:
3049:
saints from the 6th–9th centuries CE. It is one of the 108
2943:
Kazimar Big Mosque, the first and oldest mosque in the city
2937:
2720:
is a women's general degree college (established in 1953),
2493:
2219:
in 1984, and the subsequently of part of the city into the
1138:
around 590 CE. The Pandyas were ousted from Madurai by the
606:
597:
557:
10436:
Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute
9508:
8710:
8335:
8333:
8290:
8288:
7961:. Electronic Corporation of Tamil Nadu Ltd. Archived from
6889:"Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (Madurai) Limited"
6348:. Election Commission of India. p. 79. Archived from
5327:. Ministry of water resources, Government of India. 2007.
3144:
Syed Tajuddin, believed to be a descendant of the prophet
918:
details the Thiruvonam festival celebrated in the temple.
748:. The city has a number of historical monuments, with the
551:
8840:
8146:
108 Vaishnavite Divya Desams: Divya desams in Pandya Nadu
7854:. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. pp. 151–2.
6076:
A handbook for panchayati raj administration (Tamil Nadu)
4914:
Imperial gazetteer of India: Provincial series, Volume 18
3855:"A site of human settlements turned into a coconut grove"
3457:
1175:(1725 – 1764 CE) in the middle of the 18th century.
545:
12390:
9490:
8613:"IAF recruitment rally to be held in Madurai on 22 July"
8549:"Rajaji Park to be spruced up at a cost of Rs. 10 lakhs"
7668:. Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai.
7642:. Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University. Archived from
6042:"Election results of Virudhunagar Loksabha constituency"
5422:. Indian Meteorological Department. 2015. Archived from
5126:
Selby, Martha Ann; Peterson, Indira Viswanathan (2008).
3698:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
3452:
Madurai comes under the Madurai telecom district of the
8345:
8330:
8285:
4094:. Mylapore, Chennai: Sri Ramakrishna Math. p. 10.
4092:
Alayam - The Hindu temple - An epitome of Hindu Culture
1233:
In 1971, the municipality of Madurai was upgraded to a
8097:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 490.
8063:
7666:"Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai"
7187:"Madurai airport all set to get international flights"
6836:. National Highways Authority of India. Archived from
4955:"Kamat Research Database, Biography: N.M.R.Subbaraman"
4807:
B.S., Chandrababu; S., Ganeshram; C., Bhavani (2011).
4747:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 115.
4176:. Oxford University Press. pp. 546 with note 45.
1178:
In 1801, Madurai came under the direct control of the
13419:
9252:. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL). Archived from
7358:. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. p. 51.
5449:"Climate and monthly weather forecast Madurai, India"
4774:. London: Wimbledon Publishing Company. p. 253.
4346:
4297:
3918:"An industry that can bolster the economy of Madurai"
2924:
have their own campuses in ELCOT IT Park in Madurai.
2677:, started in 1881, is the oldest college in the city.
615:
585:
566:
10330:
Fatima Michael College of Engineering and Technology
9491:
Tamil Nadu Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Madurai
7385:. United States: Scarecrow Press, INC. p. 271.
7330:. United States: National Geographic Society. 2008.
7161:"Airports Authority of India – Madurai Airport"
5707:
4600:
4427:
Companion studies to the history of Tamil literature
4169:
3984:"Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Madurai"
3978:
3976:
2599:
in 2011; as of 2020, it remains in planning stages.
603:
594:
554:
548:
7824:
Cotton in Madurai District: An Econometric Analysis
7290:. Airports Authority of India. 2012. Archived from
7243:. Airports Authority of India. 2012. Archived from
6863:"Highways Circle of Highways Department, Tamilnadu"
6215:"List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies"
1147:(1268–1308 CE), Madurai came under the rule of the
600:
588:
542:
539:
13477:Populated places established in the 3rd century BC
6036:
6034:
5811:. Allied Publishers Private Limited. p. 631.
5602:Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India
5497:Urban environment in India: problems and prospects
5254:The Geography of India: Sacred and Historic Places
4740:
4647:
3540:The Madurai Bench has been functioning since 2004.
2775:(US$ 150 million), and additionally allotted
779:, Agricultural College and Research Institute and
10360:Madurai Institute of Engineering & Technology
9215:"Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission"
8429:. Chennai, India. 5 November 2007. Archived from
8421:"Tourism works around temple to be over by March"
8308:"Region's earliest interface with Islam was here"
8195:"Lakhs witness Azhagar's entry into Vaigai river"
7993:. Chennai, India. 7 December 2008. Archived from
7354:Soundara Rajan, Kodayanallur Vanamamalai (2001).
6807:. Madras High Court. 24 July 2004. Archived from
6159:. Chennai, India. 9 December 2008. Archived from
5524:. Vol. 1–5. Popular Prakashan. p. 319.
5037:. Press Information Bureau, Government of India.
4650:Nityasumaṅgalī: Devadasi Tradition in South India
4516:
4400:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 43.
4262:
3973:
3926:. Chennai, India. 25 October 2007. Archived from
13443:
9339:. Chennai, India. 23 August 2007. Archived from
7590:. Tamil Nadu Polytechnic College. Archived from
6151:"Madurai Corporation bags three national awards"
5956:. Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from
5686:"Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu"
5186:"Maps, Weather, and Airports for Madurai, India"
4931:. Bombay Sarvodaya Mandal / Gandhi Book Centre.
4678:
4645:
4607:. Madras: Government of Tamil Nadu. p. 473.
3772:
3770:
2511:Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (Madurai)
1030:, as it was a large and established city in the
781:All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurai
9486:Official government website of Madurai District
9415:Reynolds, Holly Baker; Bardwell, Smith (1987).
9156:. Indian Wind Power Association. Archived from
7847:
7241:"Airports Authority of India – Madurai Airport"
6031:
5631:"UAs having 1 million population – Census 2011"
5598:"Primary Census Abstract - Urban Agglomeration"
5353:
5351:
5349:
4569:
4567:
4565:
3912:
3910:
3447:Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
3257:was constructed in the Indo-Saracenic style by
3164:is the grave of an Islamic saint who came from
2735:There are seven polytechnical schools and five
1186:. The British government made donations to the
892:(3rd century BCE–3rd century CE) in works like
826:, which refers to the type of landscape of the
10410:Velammal College of Engineering and Technology
9281:. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. Archived from
7616:. Madurai Kamarajar University. Archived from
7353:
7097:"Waiting for metro: stakeholders pitch points"
7028:
7026:
6220:. Election Commission of India. Archived from
6063:. Vol. 1. Election Archives. p. 151.
5808:Social Problems: Perspectives for Intervention
5494:
5310:. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
3198:year. St. Mary's Cathedral is the seat of the
2226:
12820:
12376:
11470:
10871:
10365:Pandiyan Saraswathi Yadav Engineering College
10345:Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology
9524:
9500:
8517:"Eco park to be added incentive for tourists"
8261:"Tight vigil during Thiruparankundram deepam"
8228:
8226:
8224:
8222:
8220:
8031:. California: ABC-CLIO, LLC. pp. 326–7.
7793:
6183:"Map showing the new assembly constituencies"
6111:"Commissionerate of Municipal Administration"
5441:
5304:Annesley, James (1841). "Climate of Madura".
5125:
5061:"Deeds of a great social reformer remembered"
4601:Nagarajan, N.; Subramanian, K., eds. (1977).
3767:
3327:
2525:. Madurai has four major bus stands, namely,
979:and Thirugnanasambandar, address the city as
814:, an Old Tamil word meaning a "walled city".
8581:"Rs. 2.2 crores for MGR Race Course Stadium"
6636:. Election Commission of India. p. 85.
6604:. Election Commission of India. p. 86.
6572:. Election Commission of India. p. 17.
6540:. Election Commission of India. p. 94.
6508:. Election Commission of India. p. 85.
6476:. Election Commission of India. p. 67.
6444:. Election Commission of India. p. 51.
6412:. Election Commission of India. p. 81.
6380:. Election Commission of India. p. 73.
6316:. Election Commission of India. p. 80.
6284:. Election Commission of India. p. 71.
6252:. Election Commission of India. p. 49.
6073:
5972:
5678:
5417:"Climate - Record highs and lows of Madurai"
5346:
5084:
5082:
5006:
4979:
4679:Balasubrahmanyam, Sirkali Ramaswamy (1979).
4573:
4562:
3907:
3561:
3559:
3557:
2869:, primarily carried out at the foothills of
2802:Capron Hall Higher Secondary School, Madurai
1409:Climate data for Madurai, India (1981-2010)
1364:As is typical for Tamil Nadu, Madurai has a
10457:Agricultural College and Research Institute
10400:Ultra College of Engineering and Technology
8835:
8833:
7851:Economic Reforms and Small Scale Industries
7427:. Madurai. 1 September 2011. Archived from
7211:"SpiceJet to start Madurai-Colombo service"
7023:
6831:"National Highways passing through Madurai"
5748:
5746:
5212:"Madurai Corporation – General information"
5204:
4711:
4450:
4381:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
4332:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2606:Madurai International Airport, Avaniyapuram
12827:
12813:
12383:
12369:
11477:
11463:
10878:
10864:
10375:Raja College of Engineering and Technology
9531:
9517:
9127:. India. 24 September 2007. Archived from
8645:"Kabaddi tournament to be held in Madurai"
8217:
7929:"36 cities that will shape India's future"
7800:. Cambridge University Press. p. 53.
7724:. Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived from
7320:
7318:
7316:
7314:
7312:
6078:. Concept Publishing Company. p. 80.
5572:"Census Info 2011 Final population totals"
5393:. Indian Meteorological Department. 2011.
5090:"Overview of Madurai City: Municipal Area"
4917:. Clarendon Press. 1908. pp. 229–230.
4881:
4879:
4356:. Online: Project Madurai. pp. 56–8.
4272:. Online: Project Madurai. pp. 44–7.
4196:
3957:. Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived from
3949:
3947:
3945:
3691:
3009:and has been mentioned since antiquity in
2891:Madurai is promoted as a tier II city for
2407:The city of Madurai is represented in the
950:by Divya Kavi Pillai Perumal Aiyangar and
928:, the 5th–9th century Vaishnava canon, by
654:established in 1 November 1866. As of the
9069:. India. 19 December 2004. Archived from
8481:
8258:
8018:
7820:
7776:
7378:
7094:
5499:. Inter-India Publications. p. 407.
5109:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5079:
4857:
4767:
4457:. Concept Publishing Company. p. 2.
4153:
4151:
4149:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4113:
4111:
4064:
3651:
3649:
3554:
2449:All India Anna Dravida Munnertra Kazhagam
1218:in 1939 removed restrictions prohibiting
880:city. The sangam literature mentions the
790:It is one of the few towns and cities in
9456:
9188:. Corporation of Madurai. Archived from
8830:
8716:
8351:
8339:
8294:
8163:
8161:
8159:
8157:
8155:
8024:
7349:
7347:
7163:. Aai.aero. 4 April 2011. Archived from
6137:Economic and political weekly, Volume 30
5954:"List of Members Constituency name wise"
5743:
5725:
5303:
5250:
4806:
4707:
4705:
4580:. Delhi: Oriental Books. pp. 93–6.
4552:Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.).
4420:
4395:
4203:. Abhinav Publications. pp. 97–99.
3477:All India Institutes of Medical Sciences
3331:
3284:
3239:
2993:as Sundareswarar. The complex houses 14
2906:Small Industries Development Corporation
2761:All India Institutes of Medical Sciences
2668:
2601:
2535:
2483:
2381:
2351:
2262:
2233:
1296:
1244:
1113:
1105:
990:
792:List of AMRUT Smart cities in Tamil Nadu
670:in terms of population and 27th largest
9037:. India. 9 October 2009. Archived from
8653:. Madurai. 1 March 2010. Archived from
8621:. Madurai. 22 June 2012. Archived from
8259:Sivarajah, Padmini (28 November 2012).
7827:. Northern Book Centre. pp. 14–6.
7309:
5948:
5946:
5944:
5942:
5940:
5938:
5804:
5590:
5546:"Primary Census Abstract – Census 2001"
5519:
4887:"Madurai Corporation – citizen charter"
4876:
4489:
4307:. Online: Project Madurai. p. 61.
4065:Mahadevan, Iravatham (3 October 2003).
3942:
3793:
3791:
681:Madurai is closely associated with the
634:), formerly known by its colonial name
387:303.97 km (117.36 sq mi)
14:
13482:3rd-century BC establishments in India
13444:
8669:
8589:. Madurai. 29 May 2004. Archived from
8557:. Madurai. 15 May 2005. Archived from
8391:"Wake-up call for Madurai's sleepless"
8057:
8045:from the original on 18 September 2023
7874:
7502:Bureau, The Hindu (26 December 2022).
7501:
7072:. IBNLive. 6 June 2011. Archived from
6195:from the original on 13 September 2011
6139:. Sameeksha Trust. 1995. p. 2396.
6013:"Members of Lok Sabha from Tamil Nadu"
5780:"Provincial Directory: Madurai-Ramnad"
5713:
5695:from the original on 13 September 2015
5238:Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 16
5166:from the original on 12 September 2012
5100:
4839:
4827:
4813:. Bharathi Puthakalayam. p. 582.
4533:from the original on 24 September 2012
4471:from the original on 23 September 2023
4146:
4132:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 30–6.
4129:The sacred marriage of a Hindu goddess
4125:
4108:
3784:. Oxford University Press. p. 59.
3776:
3646:
3336:The Madurai Bench of Madras High Court
3217:
2757:Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University
1985:
1372:), although it borders closely upon a
1110:Pandyan dynasty at its greatest extent
12808:
12364:
11458:
10859:
10355:KLN College of Information Technology
10340:Mangayarkarasi College of Engineering
9512:
9499:
8877:from the original on 16 November 2012
8698:from the original on 16 December 2019
8401:from the original on 6 September 2013
8371:from the original on 16 February 2021
8152:
8143:
8090:
7399:from the original on 23 December 2023
7344:
6985:from the original on 22 December 2012
6953:from the original on 22 December 2012
6917:. Madurai Corporation. Archived from
6007:
6005:
5980:"Madurai South Assembly Constituency"
5889:. Madurai Today. 2012. Archived from
5578:from the original on 13 November 2013
5281:. Madurai Corporation. Archived from
5240:. Clarendon Press. 1908. p. 404.
5214:. Madurai Corporation. Archived from
4889:. Madurai Corporation. Archived from
4860:Aalavai – Madurai Managarathin Kadhai
4702:
4618:
4551:
4225:"A source of spirituality and solace"
4089:
4046:from the original on 20 December 2023
4016:from the original on 20 December 2023
3895:from the original on 27 November 2016
3809:from the original on 15 November 2015
3799:"ASI just found a 2500 year old city"
3605:from the original on 22 February 2020
3430:and other private service providers.
3292:, the temple tank of Mariamman temple
3200:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madurai
2177:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
629:
10885:
8907:from the original on 15 October 2015
8784:. Suriyan FM Madurai. Archived from
8736:from the original on 16 January 2013
8675:
7935:from the original on 10 October 2012
7702:from the original on 22 January 2021
7522:from the original on 1 February 2023
7479:. The Madura College. Archived from
7285:"International Air traffic movement"
7115:from the original on 11 January 2023
6933:
6895:from the original on 14 October 2012
6643:from the original on 11 October 2010
6579:from the original on 10 October 2010
6547:from the original on 10 October 2010
6483:from the original on 11 October 2010
6451:from the original on 11 October 2010
6387:from the original on 10 October 2010
5935:
5786:from the original on 27 January 2009
4862:. Palaniyappa Brothers. p. 85.
4810:History of People and Their Environs
4771:A History of Modern India, 1480–1950
4646:Kersenboom Story, Saskia C. (1987).
4363:from the original on 5 February 2018
4314:from the original on 5 February 2018
4279:from the original on 5 February 2018
3788:
3599:"Socio-Economic Resources Profiling"
3168:; his festival is celebrated during
2792:
2386:Front view of the corporation office
705:, a minister of the Mauryan emperor
11485:Corporations and Municipalities of
9662:Rock Mountain of Thirupparankundram
9373:from the original on 15 August 2020
8205:from the original on 11 August 2023
8070:. Rough Guides. pp. 996–1002.
7881:. Delhi: Smriti Books. p. 47.
7457:from the original on 17 August 2012
7382:Historical dictionary of the Tamils
7005:"Southern Railway Madurai division"
6749:. Tamil Nadu police. Archived from
6723:. Tamil Nadu Police. Archived from
6721:"Madurai – List of Police Stations"
6697:. Tamil Nadu Police. Archived from
6675:from the original on 5 October 2010
6515:from the original on 9 October 2010
6323:from the original on 9 October 2010
6291:from the original on 9 October 2010
6259:from the original on 9 October 2010
6061:Indian elections since independence
6058:
5455:from the original on 8 October 2021
5334:from the original on 16 August 2010
4689:: Thomson Press. pp. 290–293.
4496:. Academic Foundation. p. 17.
4235:from the original on 11 August 2023
3673:from the original on 22 August 2019
2782:(US$ 88 million) total around
2453:Virudhunagar Lok Sabha constituency
1006:mentions Madurai in the context of
24:
13377:Cities in Tamil Nadu by population
10536:Thirumohoor Kalamegaperumal Temple
10395:Thiagarajar College of Engineering
10335:Latha Mathavan Engineering College
10229:Ambiga College of Arts and Science
9442:. Taylor & Francis e-library.
9311:from the original on 5 August 2012
8847:from the original on 19 March 2013
8514:
8125:from the original on 27 April 2012
7848:Soundarapandian, Mookkiah (2009).
7011:from the original on 23 March 2014
6978:. Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012.
6946:. Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012.
6015:. Government of Tamil Nadu. 2014.
6002:
5887:"New Commissioner for Corporation"
5867:from the original on 29 April 2012
5760:from the original on 28 March 2019
5397:from the original on 14 April 2015
5041:from the original on 26 April 2013
4788:from the original on 12 April 2023
4738:
4625:. Puffin Books. pp. 128–129.
3579:from the original on 3 August 2016
3567:"Madurai District census handbook"
2927:
2910:Software Technology Parks of India
2749:Thiagarajar College of Engineering
2429:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
1980:
810:inscription refers to the city as
25:
13498:
13382:Towns in Tamil Nadu by population
12882:Srivilliputhur Andal temple tower
10279:Sermathai Vasan College for Women
10259:Mannar Thirumalai Naicker College
9479:
9061:"Demonstration of DTH technology"
8985:from the original on 28 June 2012
8841:"The Indian Express Publications"
8818:from the original on 26 July 2012
8676:Safi, Michael (23 January 2017).
8318:from the original on 28 June 2018
8148:. Tirumalai-Tirupati Devasthanam.
8094:South Indian shrines: illustrated
7794:Parthasarathi, Prasannan (2007).
7672:from the original on 26 June 2020
7568:from the original on 17 June 2012
7221:from the original on 28 July 2020
7095:Shrikumar, A. (22 January 2020).
6915:"Madurai Corporation – Bus stand"
6611:from the original on 18 July 2014
6419:from the original on 5 March 2016
5923:from the original on 28 July 2020
5666:from the original on 27 July 2013
5096:from the original on 29 May 2016.
5013:. Orient Blackswan. p. 106.
4929:"Gandhi Memorial Museum, Madurai"
4396:Prentiss, Karen Pechilis (1999).
3755:from the original on 3 March 2016
3023:located on the south side of the
2977:located on the south side of the
2458:Law and order is enforced by the
2437:Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)
1194:It was in Madurai, in 1921, that
709:. Signs of human settlements and
13429:
13398:
12926:
12836:
11421:Thirupparamkunram Murugan Temple
10477:Thiagarajar School Of Management
10390:Solamalai College of Engineering
9398:City Development Plan of Madurai
9355:
9323:
9297:
9271:
9239:
9207:
9175:
9143:
9111:
9085:
9053:
9023:
8997:
8971:
8945:
8919:
8889:
8859:
8800:
8774:
8762:from the original on 2 July 2012
8748:
8722:
8637:
8605:
8573:
8541:
8508:
8492:. Chennai, India. Archived from
8475:
8445:
8413:
8383:
8357:
8300:
8252:
8234:"Welcome to Madurai – Festivals"
8187:
8137:
8111:
8084:
8009:
7977:
7947:
7921:
7895:
7868:
7841:
7821:Ganapathy, Subramaniyan (1987).
7814:
7787:
7770:
7740:
7714:
7684:
7658:
7632:
7606:
7588:"Tamil Nadu Polytechnic College"
7580:
7554:
7495:
7469:
7443:
7411:
7372:
7277:
7259:
7233:
7203:
7179:
7153:
7127:
7088:
7062:
7040:
6997:
6965:
6907:
6881:
6855:
6823:
6797:
6785:from the original on 17 May 2012
6773:"Crimes in cities of Tamil Nadu"
6765:
6739:
6713:
6687:
6668:. Election Commission of India.
6655:
6623:
6591:
6559:
6527:
6495:
6463:
6431:
6399:
6367:
6335:
6303:
6271:
6239:
6207:
6188:. Election Commission of India.
6175:
6143:
6074:Palanithurai, Ganapathy (2007).
6019:from the original on 28 May 2014
5990:from the original on 23 May 2016
5844:City Development Plan of Madurai
5832:City Development Plan of Madurai
5756:. Archdiocese of Madurai. 2011.
5735:. Cambridge University. p.
5192:from the original on 4 June 2009
4961:from the original on 4 June 2012
4935:from the original on 6 June 2012
4451:Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2007).
3865:from the original on 7 June 2015
3224:
2950:
2936:
2836:
2816:
2529:Integrated Bus Terminus (MIBT),
2263:Members of Legislative Assembly
2234:Municipal Corporation Officials
1303:
940:. The temple is classified as a
581:
535:
331:
314:
248:
241:
215:
208:
175:
159:
145:
129:
115:
99:
85:
69:
13387:Revenue divisions in Tamil Nadu
10350:K. L. N. College of Engineering
10211:Amity University Madurai Campus
9119:"Strike hits cable TV services"
9093:"List of Dealers in Tamil Nadu"
8515:J., Arockiaraj (11 June 2012).
7195:. 9 August 2011. Archived from
6663:"Notification No. 308/2009/EPS"
6129:
6103:
6092:
6067:
6052:
5905:
5879:
5849:
5837:
5825:
5798:
5772:
5719:
5652:
5623:
5564:
5538:
5513:
5488:
5467:
5409:
5383:
5367:. 21 April 2010. Archived from
5314:
5297:
5271:
5244:
5230:
5178:
5146:
5119:
5053:
5027:
5000:
4973:
4947:
4921:
4905:
4851:
4800:
4761:
4732:
4672:
4639:
4612:
4594:
4545:
4510:
4483:
4444:
4414:
4389:
4340:
4291:
4256:
4247:
4217:
4190:
4163:
4083:
4058:
4028:
4002:
3877:
3847:
3821:
3534:
3264:Gandhi Memorial Museum, Madurai
2488:M.G.R. Bus Stand (Mattuthavani)
2409:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
1966:
1240:
1034:. Madurai is also mentioned in
850:written by Paranjothi Munivar.
775:, Homeopathic Medical College,
249:
216:
39:Metropolis in Tamil Nadu, India
13472:Former capital cities in India
13372:Districts in Tamil Nadu by HDI
10415:Vickram College of Engineering
10380:SACS MAVMM Engineering College
8459:. 5 March 2009. Archived from
8365:"The hermits of Samanar Hills"
8091:Ayyar, P. V. Jagadisa (1991).
6695:"Madurai City Police district"
5188:. Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
4712:Salma Ahmed, Farooqui (2011).
4574:Bandopadhyay, Manohar (2010).
4347:Campantar Tirumurai 3 (2004).
4298:Campantar Tirumurai 1 (2004).
4090:Reddy, G.Venkatramana (2013).
3741:
3726:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
3713:
3685:
3617:
3591:
3521:
3160:is located inside the mosque.
3067:, with later additions by the
2737:Industrial training institutes
2413:Madurai Lok Sabha constituency
1208:Karumuttu Thiagarajan Chettiar
1101:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
876:was primarily considered as a
822:is the derivative of the word
697:, the Greek ambassador to the
77:Meenakshi Sundaraswarar Temple
13:
1:
10467:Tamilnadu polytechnic college
10405:Vaigai College of Engineering
10385:Sethu Institute of Technology
10244:E.M.G. Yadava Women's College
10170:Madurai International Airport
9414:
8955:. Dinathanthi. Archived from
8953:"Dinathanthi e-paper Madurai"
8897:"Deccan Chronicle – About us"
8482:Annamalai, S. (1 July 2006).
8397:. Madurai. 3 September 2013.
8367:. Livemint. 14 October 2016.
8028:Encyclopedia of Sacred Places
8025:Brockman, Norbert C. (2011).
5754:"Catholic Diocese of Madurai"
5660:"Agglomerations & Cities"
5475:"Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024"
4845:
4577:Tourist destinations in India
4170:Edwin Francis Bryant (2007).
4157:
3955:"List of Colleges in Madurai"
3782:The Great Chronicle of Ceylon
3701:(5th ed.). HarperCollins
3547:
3462:Code division multiple access
2824:
2611:Madurai International Airport
1093:
1074:
1063:
1018:were also sent to Sri Lanka.
830:. A town in the neighbouring
715:Archeological Survey of India
652:Madurai Municipal Corporation
362:Madurai Municipal Corporation
13457:Metropolitan cities in India
10294:S. Vellaichamy Nadar College
10274:Saraswathy Narayanan College
9463:. Inter-India Publications.
9007:. Malaimalar. Archived from
8867:"The Times of India Madurai"
8843:. The Indian Express Group.
8484:"Madurai soil for Cleveland"
7875:Bansal, Sunita Pant (2005).
7007:. Southern Railway (India).
5782:. Anglican Communion. 2011.
5159:. Government of Tamil Nadu.
4739:V., Vriddhagirisan (1995) .
4493:Towards Improving Governance
4069:. Harvard University Press.
3514:
3454:Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
3435:Tamil Nadu Electricity Board
3248:Madurai is popularly called
2847:centre at Thirupparankundram
2664:
2637:on a daily basis started by
2473:
2399:. Madurai was upgraded to a
2373:
2368:
2361:
2356:
2339:
2327:
2315:
2303:
2291:
2279:
2274:P.T.R. Palanivel Thiagarajan
2267:
2254:
2246:
2238:
1253:Madurai is built around the
797:
743:British East India Company's
672:urban agglomeration in India
7:
12392:Million-plus agglomerations
10289:Sourastra College for Women
9538:
9307:. Madurai passport office.
8929:. Dinamalar. Archived from
8927:"Dinamalar e-paper Madurai"
8119:"Tourist places in Madurai"
7135:"Madurai Airport's History"
7048:"Train Running Information"
7034:"Train Running Information"
5520:Hoiberg, Dale, ed. (2000).
5482:Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024
5279:"Department of Agriculture"
4957:. Kamat Research Database.
4526:. Online: Project Madurai.
3482:
2415:and elects a member to the
2227:Administration and politics
1812:Average precipitation days
1598:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1528:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1274:
760:being the most prominent.
650:, which is governed by the
371:V. Indirani Ponvasanth, DMK
10:
13503:
13103:Kaveri River water dispute
10370:PTR College of Engineering
10201:Madurai Kamaraj University
9457:Shokoohy, Mehrdad (2003).
9389:
9305:"Regional passport office"
8730:"All India Radio Stations"
7379:Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007).
5913:"New Deputy Mayor elected"
5857:"Rajan Chellappa is Mayor"
5522:Students' Britannica India
5251:Pletcher, Kenneth (2011).
4768:Markovits, Claude (2004).
4517:Mangudi Marudanar (2004).
4263:Thirunavukkarasar (2004).
4126:Harman, William P (1992).
3751:. Thomas Brinkhoff. 2011.
3662:Collins English Dictionary
3473:Government Rajaji Hospital
3344:and private channels like
3328:Media and utility services
3112:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
3088:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
3038:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
2807:
2730:Madurai Kamaraj University
2724:(established in 1967) and
2477:
2094:Religion in Madurai (2011)
1955:
1950:
1408:
1180:British East India Company
1134:, which was ousted by the
986:
674:. Located on the banks of
29:
13395:
13362:
13159:
13116:
12998:
12935:
12924:
12869:
12854:
12694:
12623:
12568:
12476:
12402:
12013:
11847:
11716:
11640:
11631:
11493:
11429:
11371:
11135:
11037:
10959:
10913:
10893:
10843:
10827:
10805:
10742:
10733:
10702:
10666:
10623:Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal
10615:
10575:
10559:
10511:Vandiyur Mariamman Temple
10498:
10489:
10449:
10423:
10322:
10269:M.S.S. Wakf Board College
10219:
10193:
10182:
10162:
10116:
10086:Mattuthavani Bus Terminus
10068:
10059:
9701:
9670:
9632:
9544:
9506:
9501:Links to related articles
9436:King, Anthony D. (2005).
9435:
9396:
9095:. DD News. Archived from
9031:"Celebrating a milestone"
8525:. Madurai. Archived from
8269:. Madurai. Archived from
7752:Diocese of Madurai-Ramnad
6747:"Madurai District Police"
5843:
5831:
5113:
4833:
3829:"Madurai Thoonga Nagaram"
3499:Madura, Western Australia
3489:Madurai metropolitan area
2726:M.S.S. Wakf Board College
2693:. During the third Tamil
2445:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
2419:, the lower house of the
2161:
2153:
2148:
2138:
2133:
2123:
2118:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2068:
1998:—
1903:
1855:
1811:
1737:
1667:
1597:
1527:
1457:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
925:Nalayira Divya Prabhandam
758:Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal
512:
502:
490:
473:
459:
454:
444:
433:
423:
412:
407:
399:
391:
380:
375:
367:
357:
352:
342:
327:
309:
274:
202:
194:
107:Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal
63:
54:
44:
27:City in Tamil Nadu, India
10593:Thiruparankundram Dargah
10091:Pazhanganatham bus stand
10076:Aarapalayam bus Terminus
8067:The Rough guide to India
7504:"Madurai Campus Connect"
5805:Stanley, Selwyn (2004).
5391:"Climatology of Madurai"
4986:. Manohar. p. 128.
4398:The embodiment of bhakti
3439:Madurai City Corporation
2433:Communist Party of India
2425:Indian National Congress
2397:Indian National Congress
2242:Mrs.Indirani Ponvasanth
1956:Source 2: Weather Atlas
1374:tropical savanna climate
1198:, pre-eminent leader of
848:Thiruvilayaadal Puraanam
834:is called Vada Madurai (
660:third largest metropolis
403:134 m (440 ft)
12176:Nandivaram-Guduvancheri
10895:District headquarters:
10658:MGR Race Course Stadium
10431:Madurai Medical College
10206:Madurai Anna University
9599:Invasion of Malik Kafur
9589:Impalement of the Jains
7903:"Industries in Madurai"
7451:"The Lady Doak College"
5092:. Madurai Corporation.
4490:Agarwal, S. K. (2008).
4158:Reynolds|Bardwell| 1987
3636:Oxford University Press
3601:. Madurai Corporation.
3572:. Government of India.
3255:Thirumalai Nayak Palace
3162:Tirupparankunram Dargah
2741:Madurai Medical College
2716:(established in 1889),
2712:(established in 1949),
2685:(about the 3rd century
2392:municipality of Madurai
1314:Vaigai River in Madurai
1182:and was annexed to the
1167:(1740 – 1754 CE),
773:Madurai Medical College
638:is a major city in the
445: • Metro rank
12955:Deputy chief ministers
11381:Meenakshi Amman Temple
10506:Meenakshi Amman Temple
10462:Government Law College
9183:"Water Supply Details"
8756:"Radio Mirchi Madurai"
8314:. TNN. 27 April 2014.
8144:M. S., Ramesh (1993).
7878:Encyclopaedia of India
4619:Dalal, Roshen (1997).
4555:India through the ages
3369:The New Indian Express
3337:
3322:Supreme Court of India
3293:
3290:Mariamman Theppakkulam
3272:Martin Luther King Jr.
3245:
3098:, who is worshiped as
3031:. It has idols of the
2971:Meenakshi Amman Temple
2914:Special Economic Zones
2878:Small Scale Industries
2845:technology development
2751:being the oldest. The
2678:
2607:
2541:
2492:The National Highways
2489:
2464:Commissioner of police
2387:
2352:Members of Parliament
2215:into two, Madurai and
1322:Madurai is located at
1250:
1127:
1111:
999:
948:108 Tirupathi Anthathi
294:9.925200°N 78.119800°E
232:Show map of Tamil Nadu
13487:Smart cities in India
13467:Ancient Indian cities
13462:World Digital Library
11411:Koodal Azhagar Temple
11263:Periya Ilanthai Kulam
11258:Pallichandai Silaiman
10531:Koodal Azhagar Temple
9559:Early Pandyan kingdom
9421:. BRILL. p. 18.
7453:. Lady Doak College.
7199:on 17 September 2011.
6778:. Tamil Nadu police.
5007:More J. B. P (1977).
4980:David Arnold (1977).
4430:. BRILL. p. 27.
4173:Krishna: A Sourcebook
3632:UK English Dictionary
3335:
3288:
3262:Gandhi Sanghralayas (
3243:
3041:, the early medieval
3017:Koodal Azhagar Temple
2886:Kashmir white granite
2672:
2605:
2549:Southern Railway zone
2539:
2487:
2401:municipal corporation
2385:
2334:V. V. Rajan Chellappa
2201:Church of South India
1972:Historical population
1366:hot semi-arid climate
1297:Geography and climate
1279:, also anglicised as
1255:Koodal Azhagar temple
1248:
1235:Municipal Corporation
1122:, first ruler of the
1120:Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan
1117:
1109:
994:
920:Koodal Azhagar temple
886:Koodal Azhagar temple
882:Koodal Azhagar temple
750:Koodal Azhagar temple
460: • Official
93:Koodal Azhagar temple
12960:Legislative Assembly
12056:Gudalur (Coimbatore)
10689:Madurai Tamil Sangam
10674:Chithirai Thiruvizha
10299:The American College
10234:Arul Anandar College
9926:Shenoy Nagar Madurai
9041:on 10 September 2012
9005:"Malaimalar Madurai"
8169:"Tourism in Madurai"
7722:"Schools in Madurai"
7477:"The Madura College"
5662:. Thomas Brinkhoff.
4231:. 16 December 2015.
3990:on 24 September 2015
3509:Athisayam Theme park
3208:Panchapandavar Malai
2882:Kashmir gold granite
2863:plantations, called
2613:, first used by the
2480:Transport in Madurai
1458:Record high °C (°F)
1124:Sultanate of Madurai
952:Koodal Sthala Purana
896:by Mangudi Marudan,
806:, a 2nd-century BCE
662:in Tamil Nadu after
10847:People from Madurai
10715:Jil jil jigarthanda
10309:Vivekananda College
10304:Thiagarajar College
9816:K.K. Nagar, Madurai
9761:Chinthamani Madurai
9657:Azhagar Kovil Range
9151:"Important Address"
9073:on 27 December 2004
8979:"Dinakaran Madurai"
8808:"The Hindu Madurai"
8782:"Suryan FM Madurai"
7997:on 10 December 2008
7965:on 16 November 2012
7959:Madurai Corporation
7698:. 21 January 2021.
7273:on 29 January 2012.
6869:on 24 December 2002
6843:on 25 February 2009
6805:"Madras High Court"
6753:on 26 February 2012
6163:on 12 December 2008
5863:. 22 October 2011.
5552:on 17 February 2011
5484:. 7 September 2024.
5218:on 26 December 2008
4893:on 29 November 2012
4301:Moondram Thirumurai
4197:T. Padmaja (2002).
3835:on 18 February 2021
3805:. 13 October 2015.
3218:Culture and tourism
3069:Vijayanagara empire
2876:With the advent of
2753:Madurai Law College
2710:Thiagarajar College
2421:Parliament of India
1973:
1668:Record low °C (°F)
1337: /
1228:A. Vaidyanatha Iyer
1204:N. M. R. Subbaraman
1173:Muhammed Yusuf Khan
1157:Vijayanagara Empire
840:Sivagangai district
804:Iravatham Mahadevan
777:Madurai Law College
707:Chandragupta Maurya
299:9.925200; 78.119800
290: /
229:Madurai, Tamil Nadu
18:Madurai, Tamil Nadu
12751:Thiruvananthapuram
12281:Thirumuruganpoondi
12241:Punjai Puliampatti
12061:Gudalur (Nilgiris)
11396:Kazimar Big Mosque
11391:Goripalayam Mosque
11386:Edaganathar temple
10787:Thirupparankundram
10588:Goripalayam Mosque
10583:Kazimar Big Mosque
10551:Edaganathar temple
10441:CSI Dental college
10154:Thirupparankundram
10101:Complex bus stand
9956:Thabalthandi Nagar
9936:Sikkanthar chavadi
9776:Chinna Chokkikulam
9609:Vijayanagar Empire
9259:on 4 February 2007
9163:on 16 October 2012
9131:on 13 October 2007
9099:on 22 October 2012
8871:The Times of India
8618:The Times of India
8522:The Times of India
8496:on 17 October 2007
8433:on 7 November 2007
8312:The Times of India
8266:The Times of India
7780:The Times of India
7696:The Times of India
7564:. Fatima College.
7546:has generic name (
7424:The Times of India
7217:. 29 August 2012.
7192:The Times of India
7167:on 29 January 2012
7036:. Indian Railways.
6921:on 8 December 2008
6727:on 11 October 2011
6701:on 11 October 2011
6227:on 31 October 2008
6117:on 6 November 2012
6059:Lal, Shiv (1972).
5285:on 3 December 2012
5067:. 26 February 2011
4858:Narasaiah (2009).
3930:on 26 October 2007
3859:The Times of India
3803:The Times of India
3466:broadband internet
3375:The Times of India
3338:
3294:
3259:Thirumalai Nayakar
3246:
3176:Goripalayam Mosque
3172:every Hijri year.
3138:Kazimar Big Mosque
3108:Sangam literatures
3102:, and his consort
2722:Sourashtra College
2679:
2659:SriLankan Airlines
2608:
2542:
2490:
2388:
1971:
1251:
1216:C. Rajagopalachari
1200:Indian nationalism
1145:Kulasekara Pandian
1128:
1112:
1092:(64/63 BCE –
1002:The Buddhist text
1000:
934:Thirumalisai Alvar
731:Vijayanagar Empire
631:[mɐðuɾɐi̯]
518:maduraicorporation
368: • Mayor
195:Nickname(s):
13417:
13416:
13411:
13410:
13093:Sexual minorities
13078:Radio on Internet
12965:Political parties
12802:
12801:
12431:Jammu and Kashmir
12358:
12357:
12354:
12353:
12341:Vikramasingapuram
12291:Thiruthuraipoondi
11749:Gobichettipalayam
11693:Theni Allinagaram
11452:
11451:
11183:Karisalkalampatti
11019:Thirupparankunram
10853:
10852:
10823:
10822:
10611:
10610:
10516:Thiruparankundram
10485:
10484:
10472:Tata-Dhan Academy
10284:Sourastra College
10264:Meenakshi College
10249:Lady Doak College
10178:
10177:
10108:Anaiyur bus stand
10096:Periyar bus stand
10026:Vishalatchi Nagar
9981:Thiruparankundram
9771:Chinna Anuppanadi
9604:Madurai Sultanate
9470:978-0-415-30207-4
9449:978-0-203-48075-5
9428:978-90-04-08471-1
9410:on 28 April 2015.
9343:on 8 January 2008
8732:. Prasar Bharti.
8719:, pp. 54–57.
8201:. 22 April 2016.
8104:978-81-206-0151-2
8077:978-1-84836-563-6
8038:978-1-59884-655-3
7888:978-81-87967-71-2
7861:978-81-8069-449-3
7834:978-81-85119-31-1
7807:978-0-521-57042-8
7392:978-0-470-82958-5
7365:978-81-7022-857-8
7337:978-1-4262-0336-7
7267:"Madurai Airport"
7050:. Indian Railways
6811:on 23 August 2009
6085:978-81-8069-340-3
5960:on 6 October 2013
5818:978-81-7764-708-2
5506:978-81-210-0205-9
5451:. Weather Atlas.
5264:978-1-61530-202-4
5154:"TN Govt GO #220"
5139:978-0-7914-7245-3
5020:978-81-250-1192-7
4993:978-0-88386-958-1
4869:978-81-8379-517-3
4846:Reynolds|Bardwell
4820:978-93-80325-91-0
4781:978-1-84331-152-2
4754:978-81-206-0996-9
4743:Nayaks of Tanjore
4725:978-81-317-3202-1
4665:978-81-208-1527-8
4632:978-0-14-333544-3
4587:978-93-80944-00-5
4503:978-81-7188-666-1
4464:978-90-04-15537-4
4437:978-90-04-09365-2
4407:978-0-19-512813-0
4350:Muthal Thirumurai
4210:978-81-7017-398-4
4183:978-0-19-803400-1
4139:978-81-208-0810-2
4101:978-81-7823-542-4
3729:. Merriam-Webster
3304:are recited. The
3126:Thiruparankundram
3080:Kallalagar temple
2989:and her consort,
2793:Secondary schools
2706:Lady Doak College
2691:Sangam literature
2647:Air India Express
2639:Air India Express
2468:Madras High Court
2460:Tamil Nadu Police
2380:
2379:
2329:Thiruparankundram
2166:
2165:
2087:
2086:
1960:
1959:
1906:ultraviolet index
1858:relative humidity
1396:Southwest monsoon
1392:Northeast monsoon
1212:Madras Presidency
1184:Madras Presidency
1153:Madurai Sultanate
1060:Pliny the Younger
1046:Sangam literature
1038:'s (370–283 BCE)
938:Thirumangai Alvar
890:Sangam literature
888:finds mention in
838:) and another in
832:Dindigul district
785:Madras High Court
727:Madurai Sultanate
528:
527:
424: • Rank
392: • Rank
358: • Body
265:Show map of India
183:Thiruparankundram
49:Madura (colonial)
16:(Redirected from
13494:
13434:
13433:
13432:
13425:
13405:India portal
13403:
13402:
13401:
12930:
12918:Cirrochroa Thais
12841:
12840:
12839:
12829:
12822:
12815:
12806:
12805:
12385:
12378:
12371:
12362:
12361:
11668:Maraimalai Nagar
11638:
11637:
11479:
11472:
11465:
11456:
11455:
11434:Cities and towns
11416:Pazhamudircholai
11233:Melakkal Kanavai
10887:Madurai district
10880:
10873:
10866:
10857:
10856:
10835:Madurai District
10740:
10739:
10567:St Mary's Church
10526:Pazhamudircholai
10496:
10495:
10191:
10190:
10124:Madurai Junction
10066:
10065:
9533:
9526:
9519:
9510:
9509:
9497:
9496:
9474:
9453:
9432:
9411:
9409:
9402:
9383:
9382:
9380:
9378:
9359:
9353:
9352:
9350:
9348:
9327:
9321:
9320:
9318:
9316:
9301:
9295:
9294:
9292:
9290:
9275:
9269:
9268:
9266:
9264:
9258:
9251:
9243:
9237:
9236:
9234:
9232:
9227:on 20 April 2012
9226:
9219:
9211:
9205:
9204:
9202:
9200:
9194:
9187:
9179:
9173:
9172:
9170:
9168:
9162:
9155:
9147:
9141:
9140:
9138:
9136:
9115:
9109:
9108:
9106:
9104:
9089:
9083:
9082:
9080:
9078:
9057:
9051:
9050:
9048:
9046:
9027:
9021:
9020:
9018:
9016:
9001:
8995:
8994:
8992:
8990:
8975:
8969:
8968:
8966:
8964:
8949:
8943:
8942:
8940:
8938:
8923:
8917:
8916:
8914:
8912:
8901:Deccan Chronicle
8893:
8887:
8886:
8884:
8882:
8863:
8857:
8856:
8854:
8852:
8837:
8828:
8827:
8825:
8823:
8804:
8798:
8797:
8795:
8793:
8778:
8772:
8771:
8769:
8767:
8758:. Radio Mirchi.
8752:
8746:
8745:
8743:
8741:
8726:
8720:
8714:
8708:
8707:
8705:
8703:
8673:
8667:
8666:
8664:
8662:
8641:
8635:
8634:
8632:
8630:
8609:
8603:
8602:
8600:
8598:
8577:
8571:
8570:
8568:
8566:
8545:
8539:
8538:
8536:
8534:
8529:on 28 April 2013
8512:
8506:
8505:
8503:
8501:
8479:
8473:
8472:
8470:
8468:
8463:on 15 March 2012
8449:
8443:
8442:
8440:
8438:
8417:
8411:
8410:
8408:
8406:
8387:
8381:
8380:
8378:
8376:
8361:
8355:
8349:
8343:
8337:
8328:
8327:
8325:
8323:
8304:
8298:
8292:
8283:
8282:
8280:
8278:
8273:on 28 April 2013
8256:
8250:
8249:
8247:
8245:
8230:
8215:
8214:
8212:
8210:
8191:
8185:
8184:
8182:
8180:
8175:on 22 April 2012
8165:
8150:
8149:
8141:
8135:
8134:
8132:
8130:
8115:
8109:
8108:
8088:
8082:
8081:
8061:
8055:
8054:
8052:
8050:
8022:
8016:
8013:
8007:
8006:
8004:
8002:
7981:
7975:
7974:
7972:
7970:
7955:"ELCOT, Madurai"
7951:
7945:
7944:
7942:
7940:
7925:
7919:
7918:
7916:
7914:
7909:on 23 April 2012
7899:
7893:
7892:
7872:
7866:
7865:
7845:
7839:
7838:
7818:
7812:
7811:
7791:
7785:
7784:
7774:
7768:
7767:
7765:
7763:
7754:. Archived from
7744:
7738:
7737:
7735:
7733:
7728:on 24 April 2012
7718:
7712:
7711:
7709:
7707:
7688:
7682:
7681:
7679:
7677:
7662:
7656:
7655:
7653:
7651:
7636:
7630:
7629:
7627:
7625:
7610:
7604:
7603:
7601:
7599:
7584:
7578:
7577:
7575:
7573:
7562:"Fatima College"
7558:
7552:
7551:
7545:
7541:
7539:
7531:
7529:
7527:
7499:
7493:
7492:
7490:
7488:
7473:
7467:
7466:
7464:
7462:
7447:
7441:
7440:
7438:
7436:
7431:on 28 April 2013
7415:
7409:
7408:
7406:
7404:
7376:
7370:
7369:
7351:
7342:
7341:
7322:
7307:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7296:
7289:
7281:
7275:
7274:
7263:
7257:
7256:
7254:
7252:
7237:
7231:
7230:
7228:
7226:
7207:
7201:
7200:
7183:
7177:
7176:
7174:
7172:
7157:
7151:
7150:
7148:
7146:
7137:. Archived from
7131:
7125:
7124:
7122:
7120:
7092:
7086:
7085:
7083:
7081:
7066:
7060:
7059:
7057:
7055:
7044:
7038:
7037:
7030:
7021:
7020:
7018:
7016:
7001:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6990:
6984:
6977:
6969:
6963:
6962:
6960:
6958:
6952:
6945:
6937:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
6911:
6905:
6904:
6902:
6900:
6885:
6879:
6878:
6876:
6874:
6859:
6853:
6852:
6850:
6848:
6842:
6835:
6827:
6821:
6820:
6818:
6816:
6801:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6790:
6784:
6777:
6769:
6763:
6762:
6760:
6758:
6743:
6737:
6736:
6734:
6732:
6717:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6706:
6691:
6685:
6684:
6682:
6680:
6674:
6667:
6659:
6653:
6652:
6650:
6648:
6642:
6635:
6627:
6621:
6620:
6618:
6616:
6610:
6603:
6595:
6589:
6588:
6586:
6584:
6578:
6571:
6563:
6557:
6556:
6554:
6552:
6546:
6539:
6531:
6525:
6524:
6522:
6520:
6514:
6507:
6499:
6493:
6492:
6490:
6488:
6482:
6475:
6467:
6461:
6460:
6458:
6456:
6450:
6443:
6435:
6429:
6428:
6426:
6424:
6418:
6411:
6403:
6397:
6396:
6394:
6392:
6386:
6379:
6371:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6360:
6354:
6347:
6339:
6333:
6332:
6330:
6328:
6322:
6315:
6307:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6296:
6290:
6283:
6275:
6269:
6268:
6266:
6264:
6258:
6251:
6243:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6232:
6226:
6219:
6211:
6205:
6204:
6202:
6200:
6194:
6187:
6179:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6168:
6147:
6141:
6140:
6133:
6127:
6126:
6124:
6122:
6107:
6101:
6100:
6096:
6090:
6089:
6071:
6065:
6064:
6056:
6050:
6049:
6048:on 8 April 2019.
6044:. Archived from
6038:
6029:
6028:
6026:
6024:
6009:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5995:
5976:
5970:
5969:
5967:
5965:
5950:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5928:
5909:
5903:
5902:
5900:
5898:
5883:
5877:
5876:
5874:
5872:
5853:
5847:
5841:
5835:
5829:
5823:
5822:
5802:
5796:
5795:
5793:
5791:
5776:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5765:
5750:
5741:
5740:
5723:
5717:
5711:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5700:
5690:
5682:
5676:
5675:
5673:
5671:
5656:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5639:
5627:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5616:
5611:on 15 March 2016
5610:
5604:. Archived from
5594:
5588:
5587:
5585:
5583:
5568:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5557:
5542:
5536:
5535:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5492:
5486:
5485:
5479:
5471:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5460:
5445:
5439:
5438:
5436:
5434:
5429:on 16 March 2014
5428:
5421:
5413:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5387:
5381:
5380:
5378:
5376:
5371:on 24 April 2010
5355:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5333:
5326:
5318:
5312:
5311:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5275:
5269:
5268:
5248:
5242:
5241:
5234:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5208:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5197:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5165:
5158:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5123:
5117:
5111:
5098:
5097:
5086:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5057:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5046:
5031:
5025:
5024:
5004:
4998:
4997:
4977:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4951:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4940:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4909:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4883:
4874:
4873:
4855:
4849:
4843:
4837:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4765:
4759:
4758:
4746:
4736:
4730:
4729:
4709:
4700:
4698:
4676:
4670:
4669:
4653:
4643:
4637:
4636:
4616:
4610:
4608:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4571:
4560:
4559:
4549:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4532:
4525:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4476:
4448:
4442:
4441:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4393:
4387:
4386:
4380:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4362:
4355:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4331:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4313:
4306:
4295:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4278:
4271:
4266:Aaram Thirumurai
4260:
4254:
4251:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4221:
4215:
4214:
4194:
4188:
4187:
4167:
4161:
4155:
4144:
4143:
4123:
4106:
4105:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4062:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4051:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4006:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3995:
3980:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3951:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3914:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3825:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3795:
3786:
3785:
3774:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3745:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3734:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3689:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3653:
3644:
3643:
3642:on 14 June 2021.
3638:. Archived from
3621:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3595:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3578:
3571:
3563:
3541:
3538:
3532:
3525:
3381:Deccan Chronicle
3228:
3122:Pazhamudircholai
3011:Tamil literature
2954:
2940:
2840:
2829:
2826:
2820:
2788:
2786:
2781:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2702:American College
2675:American College
2597:Madurai Monorail
2545:Madurai Junction
2447:(2009–2014) and
2346:R.B .Udhayakumar
2231:
2230:
2213:Madurai district
2091:
2090:
1987:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1406:
1405:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1307:
1277:
1263:Viswanatha Nayak
1259:Meenakshi Temple
1188:Meenakshi temple
1132:Kalabhra dynasty
1098:
1095:
1084:), those of the
1083:
1079:
1076:
1068:
1065:
955:
754:Meenakshi Temple
739:Carnatic kingdom
691:recorded history
648:Madurai District
633:
628:
622:
618:
613:
612:
609:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
580:
569:
564:
563:
560:
559:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
524:
521:
519:
335:
320:
318:
317:
305:
304:
302:
301:
300:
295:
291:
288:
287:
286:
283:
266:
252:
251:
245:
233:
219:
218:
212:
179:
163:
149:
137:Madurai Junction
133:
119:
103:
89:
73:
42:
41:
32:Madurai district
21:
13502:
13501:
13497:
13496:
13495:
13493:
13492:
13491:
13442:
13441:
13440:
13430:
13428:
13420:
13418:
13413:
13412:
13407:
13399:
13397:
13391:
13358:
13309:Tiruchirappalli
13155:
13141:Tiruchirappalli
13112:
13073:Protected areas
12994:
12950:Chief ministers
12931:
12922:
12872:
12865:
12850:
12837:
12835:
12833:
12803:
12798:
12785:Tiruchirappalli
12690:
12619:
12564:
12472:
12398:
12389:
12359:
12350:
12201:Padmanabhapuram
12091:Karumathampatti
12066:Gudalur (Theni)
12009:
11843:
11717:Selection grade
11712:
11627:
11603:Tiruchirappalli
11489:
11483:
11453:
11448:
11425:
11373:
11367:
11358:Vannivelampatti
11328:Thaniyamangalam
11268:Perungamanallur
11228:Mannadimangalam
11131:
11039:
11033:
10961:
10955:
10909:
10889:
10884:
10854:
10849:
10839:
10819:
10801:
10762:Madurai Central
10744:
10735:
10729:
10698:
10662:
10633:Tamukkam Ground
10628:Tamukkam Palace
10607:
10603:Madurai Maqbara
10571:
10555:
10546:Thiru Aappanoor
10491:
10481:
10445:
10419:
10318:
10221:
10215:
10185:
10174:
10158:
10112:
10055:
10051:West Ponnagaram
10031:Viswanathapuram
9711:Alagappan Nagar
9703:
9702:Neighbourhoods
9697:
9666:
9628:
9579:Medieval Cholas
9540:
9537:
9502:
9482:
9477:
9471:
9450:
9429:
9407:
9400:
9392:
9387:
9386:
9376:
9374:
9369:. 7 July 2020.
9361:
9360:
9356:
9346:
9344:
9329:
9328:
9324:
9314:
9312:
9303:
9302:
9298:
9288:
9286:
9285:on 8 March 2012
9277:
9276:
9272:
9262:
9260:
9256:
9249:
9245:
9244:
9240:
9230:
9228:
9224:
9217:
9213:
9212:
9208:
9198:
9196:
9192:
9185:
9181:
9180:
9176:
9166:
9164:
9160:
9153:
9149:
9148:
9144:
9134:
9132:
9117:
9116:
9112:
9102:
9100:
9091:
9090:
9086:
9076:
9074:
9059:
9058:
9054:
9044:
9042:
9029:
9028:
9024:
9014:
9012:
9011:on 15 June 2012
9003:
9002:
8998:
8988:
8986:
8977:
8976:
8972:
8962:
8960:
8951:
8950:
8946:
8936:
8934:
8925:
8924:
8920:
8910:
8908:
8895:
8894:
8890:
8880:
8878:
8865:
8864:
8860:
8850:
8848:
8839:
8838:
8831:
8821:
8819:
8806:
8805:
8801:
8791:
8789:
8780:
8779:
8775:
8765:
8763:
8754:
8753:
8749:
8739:
8737:
8728:
8727:
8723:
8715:
8711:
8701:
8699:
8674:
8670:
8660:
8658:
8657:on 5 March 2010
8643:
8642:
8638:
8628:
8626:
8611:
8610:
8606:
8596:
8594:
8579:
8578:
8574:
8564:
8562:
8547:
8546:
8542:
8532:
8530:
8513:
8509:
8499:
8497:
8480:
8476:
8466:
8464:
8451:
8450:
8446:
8436:
8434:
8419:
8418:
8414:
8404:
8402:
8389:
8388:
8384:
8374:
8372:
8363:
8362:
8358:
8350:
8346:
8338:
8331:
8321:
8319:
8306:
8305:
8301:
8293:
8286:
8276:
8274:
8257:
8253:
8243:
8241:
8240:on 21 July 2011
8232:
8231:
8218:
8208:
8206:
8193:
8192:
8188:
8178:
8176:
8167:
8166:
8153:
8142:
8138:
8128:
8126:
8117:
8116:
8112:
8105:
8089:
8085:
8078:
8062:
8058:
8048:
8046:
8039:
8023:
8019:
8014:
8010:
8000:
7998:
7983:
7982:
7978:
7968:
7966:
7953:
7952:
7948:
7938:
7936:
7927:
7926:
7922:
7912:
7910:
7901:
7900:
7896:
7889:
7873:
7869:
7862:
7846:
7842:
7835:
7819:
7815:
7808:
7792:
7788:
7775:
7771:
7761:
7759:
7746:
7745:
7741:
7731:
7729:
7720:
7719:
7715:
7705:
7703:
7690:
7689:
7685:
7675:
7673:
7664:
7663:
7659:
7649:
7647:
7638:
7637:
7633:
7623:
7621:
7612:
7611:
7607:
7597:
7595:
7594:on 24 July 2018
7586:
7585:
7581:
7571:
7569:
7560:
7559:
7555:
7543:
7542:
7533:
7532:
7525:
7523:
7500:
7496:
7486:
7484:
7483:on 24 July 2012
7475:
7474:
7470:
7460:
7458:
7449:
7448:
7444:
7434:
7432:
7417:
7416:
7412:
7402:
7400:
7393:
7377:
7373:
7366:
7352:
7345:
7338:
7324:
7323:
7310:
7300:
7298:
7294:
7287:
7283:
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6416:
6409:
6405:
6404:
6400:
6390:
6388:
6384:
6377:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6358:
6356:
6355:on 18 July 2014
6352:
6345:
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6340:
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6313:
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5991:
5978:
5977:
5973:
5963:
5961:
5952:
5951:
5936:
5926:
5924:
5919:. 19 May 2014.
5911:
5910:
5906:
5896:
5894:
5893:on 19 July 2012
5885:
5884:
5880:
5870:
5868:
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5803:
5799:
5789:
5787:
5778:
5777:
5773:
5763:
5761:
5752:
5751:
5744:
5727:Thurston, Edgar
5724:
5720:
5712:
5708:
5698:
5696:
5688:
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4703:
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4511:
4504:
4488:
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4465:
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4445:
4438:
4422:Zvelebil, Kamil
4419:
4415:
4408:
4394:
4390:
4374:
4373:
4366:
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4088:
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3848:
3838:
3836:
3827:
3826:
3822:
3812:
3810:
3797:
3796:
3789:
3778:Geiger, Wilhelm
3775:
3768:
3758:
3756:
3747:
3746:
3742:
3732:
3730:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3704:
3702:
3690:
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3647:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3608:
3606:
3597:
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3582:
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3576:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3535:
3526:
3522:
3517:
3485:
3342:All India Radio
3330:
3250:Thoonga Nagaram
3238:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3229:
3220:
3158:Madurai Maqbara
3154:Madurai Hazrats
3148:. He came from
2968:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2955:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2941:
2930:
2928:Religious sites
2852:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2841:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2821:
2810:
2795:
2784:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2765:
2764:
2745:Anna University
2667:
2623:customs airport
2615:Royal Air Force
2565:Tiruchirappalli
2482:
2476:
2269:Madurai Central
2229:
2168:
2167:
2159:
2146:
2131:
2116:
1969:
1961:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
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1542:
1537:
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1522:
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1512:
1507:
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1497:
1492:
1487:
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1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1308:
1299:
1268:Shilpa Shastras
1243:
1149:Delhi Sultanate
1099:), and also in
1096:
1081:
1077:
1066:
989:
872:
800:
767:, chemical and
719:Pandyan Kingdom
626:
620:
616:
584:
575:
574:
567:
538:
534:
516:
498:
315:
313:
298:
296:
292:
289:
284:
281:
279:
277:
276:
270:
269:
268:
267:
264:
263:
262:Madurai (India)
260:
259:
258:
257:
253:
236:
235:
234:
231:
230:
227:
226:
225:
224:
220:
198:
190:
189:
188:
187:
186:
180:
171:
170:
169:
164:
156:
155:
153:Madurai Airport
150:
141:
140:
139:
134:
126:
125:
120:
111:
110:
109:
104:
96:
95:
90:
81:
80:
79:
74:
59:
50:
47:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
13500:
13490:
13489:
13484:
13479:
13474:
13469:
13464:
13459:
13454:
13439:
13438:
13415:
13414:
13409:
13408:
13396:
13393:
13392:
13390:
13389:
13384:
13379:
13374:
13368:
13366:
13360:
13359:
13357:
13356:
13351:
13346:
13341:
13336:
13334:Tiruvannamalai
13331:
13326:
13321:
13316:
13311:
13306:
13301:
13296:
13291:
13286:
13281:
13276:
13271:
13269:Ramanathapuram
13266:
13261:
13256:
13251:
13246:
13241:
13239:Mayiladuthurai
13236:
13231:
13226:
13221:
13216:
13211:
13206:
13201:
13196:
13191:
13186:
13181:
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13055:
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13020:
13015:
13010:
13004:
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12992:
12987:
12982:
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12980:
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12962:
12957:
12952:
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12921:
12920:
12914:
12908:
12902:
12896:
12890:
12884:
12877:
12875:
12867:
12866:
12855:
12852:
12851:
12832:
12831:
12824:
12817:
12809:
12800:
12799:
12797:
12796:
12787:
12782:
12777:
12772:
12763:
12758:
12753:
12748:
12743:
12738:
12733:
12724:
12715:
12710:
12704:Andhra Pradesh
12700:
12698:
12692:
12691:
12689:
12688:
12683:
12678:
12673:
12668:
12663:
12654:
12649:
12644:
12639:
12629:
12627:
12621:
12620:
12618:
12617:
12612:
12603:
12598:
12593:
12584:
12574:
12572:
12566:
12565:
12563:
12562:
12557:
12552:
12547:
12542:
12537:
12532:
12527:
12521:
12516:
12511:
12506:
12500:Madhya Pradesh
12497:
12492:
12482:
12480:
12474:
12473:
12471:
12470:
12465:
12460:
12451:
12446:
12437:
12428:
12419:
12414:
12408:
12406:
12400:
12399:
12388:
12387:
12380:
12373:
12365:
12356:
12355:
12352:
12351:
12349:
12348:
12343:
12338:
12333:
12328:
12323:
12318:
12313:
12308:
12303:
12298:
12293:
12288:
12283:
12278:
12273:
12268:
12263:
12258:
12253:
12248:
12243:
12238:
12233:
12228:
12223:
12218:
12213:
12208:
12203:
12198:
12193:
12188:
12183:
12181:Narasingapuram
12178:
12173:
12168:
12163:
12158:
12153:
12148:
12143:
12138:
12133:
12128:
12123:
12118:
12113:
12108:
12103:
12098:
12093:
12088:
12083:
12078:
12073:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12053:
12048:
12043:
12038:
12033:
12028:
12023:
12021:Adirampattinam
12017:
12015:
12011:
12010:
12008:
12007:
12002:
11997:
11992:
11987:
11982:
11980:Srivilliputhur
11977:
11972:
11970:Sathyamangalam
11967:
11962:
11957:
11952:
11947:
11942:
11937:
11932:
11927:
11922:
11917:
11912:
11907:
11902:
11897:
11892:
11887:
11882:
11880:Bodinayakkanur
11877:
11872:
11867:
11862:
11857:
11851:
11849:
11845:
11844:
11842:
11841:
11836:
11831:
11826:
11824:Udumalaipettai
11821:
11816:
11811:
11806:
11801:
11796:
11791:
11786:
11781:
11776:
11771:
11766:
11761:
11756:
11751:
11746:
11741:
11736:
11731:
11726:
11720:
11718:
11714:
11713:
11711:
11710:
11705:
11700:
11695:
11690:
11688:Ramanathapuram
11685:
11680:
11675:
11673:Mayiladuthurai
11670:
11665:
11660:
11655:
11650:
11644:
11642:
11635:
11633:Municipalities
11629:
11628:
11626:
11625:
11620:
11618:Tiruvannamalai
11615:
11610:
11605:
11600:
11595:
11590:
11585:
11580:
11575:
11570:
11565:
11560:
11555:
11550:
11545:
11540:
11535:
11530:
11525:
11520:
11515:
11510:
11505:
11499:
11497:
11491:
11490:
11482:
11481:
11474:
11467:
11459:
11450:
11449:
11447:
11446:
11441:
11436:
11430:
11427:
11426:
11424:
11423:
11418:
11413:
11408:
11403:
11398:
11393:
11388:
11383:
11377:
11375:
11369:
11368:
11366:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11350:
11345:
11340:
11335:
11330:
11325:
11320:
11315:
11310:
11305:
11303:Sembukudipatti
11300:
11295:
11290:
11285:
11280:
11275:
11270:
11265:
11260:
11255:
11250:
11245:
11240:
11235:
11230:
11225:
11220:
11215:
11210:
11205:
11200:
11195:
11190:
11185:
11180:
11175:
11170:
11165:
11160:
11155:
11150:
11145:
11139:
11137:
11133:
11132:
11130:
11129:
11124:
11119:
11114:
11109:
11104:
11099:
11094:
11089:
11084:
11079:
11074:
11069:
11064:
11059:
11054:
11049:
11043:
11041:
11035:
11034:
11032:
11031:
11026:
11021:
11016:
11011:
11006:
11001:
10996:
10991:
10986:
10981:
10976:
10971:
10965:
10963:
10957:
10956:
10954:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10938:
10933:
10928:
10923:
10917:
10915:
10911:
10910:
10894:
10891:
10890:
10883:
10882:
10875:
10868:
10860:
10851:
10850:
10845:Other topics:
10844:
10841:
10840:
10838:
10837:
10831:
10829:
10828:Administration
10825:
10824:
10821:
10820:
10818:
10817:
10811:
10809:
10803:
10802:
10800:
10799:
10794:
10789:
10784:
10779:
10774:
10769:
10764:
10759:
10754:
10748:
10746:
10737:
10736:constituencies
10731:
10730:
10728:
10727:
10722:
10717:
10712:
10706:
10704:
10700:
10699:
10697:
10696:
10691:
10686:
10681:
10676:
10670:
10668:
10664:
10663:
10661:
10660:
10655:
10653:Vishaal de Mal
10650:
10645:
10640:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10619:
10617:
10616:Tourist places
10613:
10612:
10609:
10608:
10606:
10605:
10600:
10595:
10590:
10585:
10579:
10577:
10573:
10572:
10570:
10569:
10563:
10561:
10557:
10556:
10554:
10553:
10548:
10543:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10523:
10518:
10513:
10508:
10502:
10500:
10493:
10487:
10486:
10483:
10482:
10480:
10479:
10474:
10469:
10464:
10459:
10453:
10451:
10447:
10446:
10444:
10443:
10438:
10433:
10427:
10425:
10421:
10420:
10418:
10417:
10412:
10407:
10402:
10397:
10392:
10387:
10382:
10377:
10372:
10367:
10362:
10357:
10352:
10347:
10342:
10337:
10332:
10326:
10324:
10320:
10319:
10317:
10316:
10314:Yadava College
10311:
10306:
10301:
10296:
10291:
10286:
10281:
10276:
10271:
10266:
10261:
10256:
10254:Madura College
10251:
10246:
10241:
10239:Fatima College
10236:
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10225:
10223:
10217:
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10093:
10088:
10083:
10081:Anna bus stand
10078:
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10048:
10043:
10038:
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9996:Thanakkankulam
9993:
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9808:
9803:
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9783:
9778:
9773:
9768:
9763:
9758:
9756:Bethaniyapuram
9753:
9751:Balarangapuram
9748:
9743:
9738:
9733:
9728:
9723:
9718:
9713:
9707:
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9627:
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9621:
9616:
9614:Madurai Nayaks
9611:
9606:
9601:
9596:
9591:
9586:
9581:
9576:
9571:
9566:
9561:
9556:
9554:Pandya dynasty
9550:
9548:
9542:
9541:
9536:
9535:
9528:
9521:
9513:
9507:
9504:
9503:
9494:
9493:
9488:
9481:
9480:External links
9478:
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9448:
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9022:
8996:
8970:
8959:on 2 July 2012
8944:
8933:on 3 July 2012
8918:
8888:
8858:
8829:
8799:
8788:on 2 July 2012
8773:
8747:
8721:
8709:
8668:
8636:
8625:on 12 May 2013
8604:
8593:on 8 July 2004
8572:
8561:on 23 May 2005
8540:
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8444:
8412:
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7833:
7813:
7806:
7786:
7769:
7758:on 2 July 2017
7739:
7713:
7683:
7657:
7646:on 4 July 2012
7631:
7620:on 1 July 2012
7605:
7579:
7553:
7494:
7468:
7442:
7410:
7391:
7371:
7364:
7343:
7336:
7308:
7297:on 18 May 2013
7276:
7258:
7247:on 18 May 2013
7232:
7202:
7178:
7152:
7141:on 5 July 2015
7126:
7087:
7076:on 9 July 2012
7061:
7039:
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6091:
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5878:
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5771:
5742:
5718:
5716:, pp. 43.
5706:
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4520:Mathuraikanchi
4509:
4502:
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3972:
3961:on 11 May 2012
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3491:
3484:
3481:
3475:. A branch of
3428:DD Direct Plus
3329:
3326:
3302:thiruvilayadal
3268:Nathuram Godse
3231:
3230:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3210:are important
3131:Arupadai Veedu
3114:sung by Tamil
3073:Madurai Nayaks
3019:is a historic
2973:is a historic
2956:
2949:
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2935:
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2823:Harvey Mills,
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2815:
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2813:
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2809:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2794:
2791:
2718:Fatima College
2714:Madura College
2666:
2663:
2577:Mayiladuthurai
2478:Main article:
2475:
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2375:Manicka Tagore
2372:
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1341:9.93°N 78.12°E
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1301:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1242:
1239:
1196:Mahatma Gandhi
1126:, 1335–1339 CE
1032:Mauryan Empire
988:
985:
922:is revered in
916:Madurai Kanchi
911:Silappatikaram
894:Madurai Kanchi
862:southern Kashi
799:
796:
735:Madurai Nayaks
699:Mauryan Empire
683:Tamil language
526:
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503:Telephone code
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13083:Highest point
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12900:Gloriosa lily
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12708:Visakhapatnam
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12525:
12524:Uttar Pradesh
12522:
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12507:
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12319:
12317:
12316:Ulundurpettai
12314:
12312:
12309:
12307:
12304:
12302:
12299:
12297:
12294:
12292:
12289:
12287:
12286:Thiruninravur
12284:
12282:
12279:
12277:
12276:Tharamangalam
12274:
12272:
12269:
12267:
12264:
12262:
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12172:
12169:
12167:
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12159:
12157:
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12149:
12147:
12146:Maduranthakam
12144:
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12137:
12134:
12132:
12129:
12127:
12124:
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12119:
12117:
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12047:
12044:
12042:
12039:
12037:
12034:
12032:
12029:
12027:
12024:
12022:
12019:
12018:
12016:
12012:
12006:
12005:Virudhachalam
12003:
12001:
11998:
11996:
11993:
11991:
11988:
11986:
11983:
11981:
11978:
11976:
11973:
11971:
11968:
11966:
11965:Sankarankovil
11963:
11961:
11958:
11956:
11953:
11951:
11948:
11946:
11943:
11941:
11938:
11936:
11933:
11931:
11930:Komarapalayam
11928:
11926:
11923:
11921:
11918:
11916:
11913:
11911:
11908:
11906:
11903:
11901:
11898:
11896:
11893:
11891:
11888:
11886:
11883:
11881:
11878:
11876:
11875:Aruppukkottai
11873:
11871:
11868:
11866:
11863:
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11735:
11732:
11730:
11727:
11725:
11722:
11721:
11719:
11715:
11709:
11706:
11704:
11703:Udagamandalam
11701:
11699:
11696:
11694:
11691:
11689:
11686:
11684:
11681:
11679:
11676:
11674:
11671:
11669:
11666:
11664:
11661:
11659:
11656:
11654:
11651:
11649:
11646:
11645:
11643:
11641:Special grade
11639:
11636:
11634:
11630:
11624:
11621:
11619:
11616:
11614:
11611:
11609:
11606:
11604:
11601:
11599:
11596:
11594:
11591:
11589:
11586:
11584:
11581:
11579:
11576:
11574:
11571:
11569:
11566:
11564:
11561:
11559:
11556:
11554:
11551:
11549:
11546:
11544:
11541:
11539:
11536:
11534:
11531:
11529:
11526:
11524:
11521:
11519:
11516:
11514:
11511:
11509:
11506:
11504:
11501:
11500:
11498:
11496:
11492:
11488:
11480:
11475:
11473:
11468:
11466:
11461:
11460:
11457:
11445:
11442:
11440:
11437:
11435:
11432:
11431:
11428:
11422:
11419:
11417:
11414:
11412:
11409:
11407:
11404:
11402:
11399:
11397:
11394:
11392:
11389:
11387:
11384:
11382:
11379:
11378:
11376:
11370:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11349:
11346:
11344:
11341:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11323:Sperumalpatti
11321:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11304:
11301:
11299:
11296:
11294:
11291:
11289:
11286:
11284:
11281:
11279:
11276:
11274:
11273:Ponnamangalam
11271:
11269:
11266:
11264:
11261:
11259:
11256:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11244:
11241:
11239:
11236:
11234:
11231:
11229:
11226:
11224:
11221:
11219:
11216:
11214:
11211:
11209:
11208:Kumutrampatti
11206:
11204:
11201:
11199:
11196:
11194:
11191:
11189:
11186:
11184:
11181:
11179:
11176:
11174:
11171:
11169:
11166:
11164:
11161:
11159:
11156:
11154:
11151:
11149:
11146:
11144:
11141:
11140:
11138:
11134:
11128:
11125:
11123:
11120:
11118:
11115:
11113:
11110:
11108:
11105:
11103:
11100:
11098:
11095:
11093:
11090:
11088:
11085:
11083:
11080:
11078:
11075:
11073:
11070:
11068:
11067:Karaiyippatti
11065:
11063:
11060:
11058:
11055:
11053:
11050:
11048:
11045:
11044:
11042:
11036:
11030:
11027:
11025:
11022:
11020:
11017:
11015:
11014:Thirumangalam
11012:
11010:
11007:
11005:
11002:
11000:
10997:
10995:
10992:
10990:
10987:
10985:
10982:
10980:
10977:
10975:
10972:
10970:
10967:
10966:
10964:
10958:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10942:
10941:Thirumangalam
10939:
10937:
10934:
10932:
10931:Madurai-South
10929:
10927:
10926:Madurai-North
10924:
10922:
10919:
10918:
10916:
10912:
10908:
10904:
10900:
10899:
10892:
10888:
10881:
10876:
10874:
10869:
10867:
10862:
10861:
10858:
10848:
10842:
10836:
10833:
10832:
10830:
10826:
10816:
10813:
10812:
10810:
10808:
10804:
10798:
10795:
10793:
10790:
10788:
10785:
10783:
10780:
10778:
10775:
10773:
10770:
10768:
10765:
10763:
10760:
10758:
10757:Madurai North
10755:
10753:
10752:Madurai South
10750:
10749:
10747:
10741:
10738:
10732:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10718:
10716:
10713:
10711:
10710:Chili parotha
10708:
10707:
10705:
10701:
10695:
10694:Madurai Malli
10692:
10690:
10687:
10685:
10684:Madurai Tamil
10682:
10680:
10677:
10675:
10672:
10671:
10669:
10665:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10648:Milan'em Mall
10646:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10638:Gandhi Museum
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10620:
10618:
10614:
10604:
10601:
10599:
10598:Sungam Mosque
10596:
10594:
10591:
10589:
10586:
10584:
10581:
10580:
10578:
10574:
10568:
10565:
10564:
10562:
10558:
10552:
10549:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10524:
10522:
10519:
10517:
10514:
10512:
10509:
10507:
10504:
10503:
10501:
10497:
10494:
10488:
10478:
10475:
10473:
10470:
10468:
10465:
10463:
10460:
10458:
10455:
10454:
10452:
10448:
10442:
10439:
10437:
10434:
10432:
10429:
10428:
10426:
10422:
10416:
10413:
10411:
10408:
10406:
10403:
10401:
10398:
10396:
10393:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10381:
10378:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10363:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10336:
10333:
10331:
10328:
10327:
10325:
10321:
10315:
10312:
10310:
10307:
10305:
10302:
10300:
10297:
10295:
10292:
10290:
10287:
10285:
10282:
10280:
10277:
10275:
10272:
10270:
10267:
10265:
10262:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10226:
10224:
10218:
10212:
10209:
10207:
10204:
10202:
10199:
10198:
10196:
10192:
10189:
10187:
10181:
10171:
10168:
10167:
10165:
10161:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10139:Thirumangalam
10137:
10135:
10132:
10130:
10127:
10125:
10122:
10121:
10119:
10115:
10109:
10106:
10102:
10099:
10098:
10097:
10094:
10092:
10089:
10087:
10084:
10082:
10079:
10077:
10074:
10073:
10071:
10067:
10064:
10062:
10058:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10024:
10022:
10019:
10017:
10014:
10012:
10009:
10007:
10004:
10002:
9999:
9997:
9994:
9992:
9989:
9987:
9984:
9982:
9979:
9977:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9954:
9952:
9949:
9947:
9944:
9942:
9939:
9937:
9934:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9907:
9906:Palanganatham
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9874:
9872:
9869:
9867:
9864:
9862:
9859:
9857:
9854:
9852:
9849:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9837:
9836:Karuppayurani
9834:
9832:
9829:
9827:
9824:
9822:
9821:Kamarajapuram
9819:
9817:
9814:
9812:
9809:
9807:
9804:
9802:
9801:Iyer Bungalow
9799:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9772:
9769:
9767:
9764:
9762:
9759:
9757:
9754:
9752:
9749:
9747:
9744:
9742:
9739:
9737:
9734:
9732:
9729:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9719:
9717:
9714:
9712:
9709:
9708:
9706:
9700:
9694:
9693:Madurai-North
9691:
9689:
9686:
9684:
9683:Madurai-South
9681:
9679:
9676:
9675:
9673:
9669:
9663:
9660:
9658:
9655:
9653:
9650:
9648:
9645:
9643:
9640:
9639:
9637:
9635:
9631:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9594:Later Pandyas
9592:
9590:
9587:
9585:
9582:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9565:
9564:Sangam period
9562:
9560:
9557:
9555:
9552:
9551:
9549:
9547:
9543:
9534:
9529:
9527:
9522:
9520:
9515:
9514:
9511:
9505:
9498:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9484:
9483:
9472:
9466:
9462:
9461:
9455:
9451:
9445:
9441:
9440:
9434:
9430:
9424:
9420:
9419:
9413:
9406:
9399:
9395:
9394:
9372:
9368:
9364:
9358:
9342:
9338:
9337:
9332:
9326:
9310:
9306:
9300:
9284:
9280:
9274:
9255:
9248:
9242:
9223:
9216:
9210:
9195:on 5 May 2015
9191:
9184:
9178:
9159:
9152:
9146:
9130:
9126:
9125:
9120:
9114:
9098:
9094:
9088:
9072:
9068:
9067:
9062:
9056:
9040:
9036:
9032:
9026:
9010:
9006:
9000:
8984:
8981:. Dinakaran.
8980:
8974:
8958:
8954:
8948:
8932:
8928:
8922:
8906:
8902:
8898:
8892:
8876:
8872:
8868:
8862:
8846:
8842:
8836:
8834:
8817:
8813:
8809:
8803:
8787:
8783:
8777:
8761:
8757:
8751:
8735:
8731:
8725:
8718:
8717:Shokoohy 2003
8713:
8697:
8693:
8689:
8685:
8684:
8679:
8672:
8656:
8652:
8651:
8646:
8640:
8624:
8620:
8619:
8614:
8608:
8592:
8588:
8587:
8582:
8576:
8560:
8556:
8555:
8550:
8544:
8528:
8524:
8523:
8518:
8511:
8495:
8491:
8490:
8485:
8478:
8462:
8458:
8454:
8448:
8432:
8428:
8427:
8422:
8416:
8400:
8396:
8392:
8386:
8370:
8366:
8360:
8354:, p. 34.
8353:
8352:Shokoohy 2003
8348:
8342:, p. 57.
8341:
8340:Shokoohy 2003
8336:
8334:
8317:
8313:
8309:
8303:
8297:, p. 52.
8296:
8295:Shokoohy 2003
8291:
8289:
8272:
8268:
8267:
8262:
8255:
8239:
8235:
8229:
8227:
8225:
8223:
8221:
8204:
8200:
8196:
8190:
8174:
8170:
8164:
8162:
8160:
8158:
8156:
8147:
8140:
8124:
8120:
8114:
8106:
8100:
8096:
8095:
8087:
8079:
8073:
8069:
8068:
8060:
8044:
8040:
8034:
8030:
8029:
8021:
8012:
7996:
7992:
7991:
7986:
7980:
7964:
7960:
7956:
7950:
7934:
7930:
7924:
7908:
7904:
7898:
7890:
7884:
7880:
7879:
7871:
7863:
7857:
7853:
7852:
7844:
7836:
7830:
7826:
7825:
7817:
7809:
7803:
7799:
7798:
7790:
7782:
7781:
7773:
7757:
7753:
7749:
7743:
7727:
7723:
7717:
7701:
7697:
7693:
7687:
7671:
7667:
7661:
7645:
7641:
7635:
7619:
7615:
7609:
7593:
7589:
7583:
7567:
7563:
7557:
7549:
7537:
7521:
7517:
7513:
7509:
7505:
7498:
7482:
7478:
7472:
7456:
7452:
7446:
7430:
7426:
7425:
7420:
7414:
7398:
7394:
7388:
7384:
7383:
7375:
7367:
7361:
7357:
7350:
7348:
7339:
7333:
7329:
7328:
7321:
7319:
7317:
7315:
7313:
7293:
7286:
7280:
7272:
7268:
7262:
7246:
7242:
7236:
7220:
7216:
7212:
7206:
7198:
7194:
7193:
7188:
7182:
7166:
7162:
7156:
7140:
7136:
7130:
7114:
7110:
7106:
7102:
7098:
7091:
7075:
7071:
7065:
7049:
7043:
7035:
7029:
7027:
7010:
7006:
7000:
6981:
6974:
6968:
6949:
6942:
6936:
6920:
6916:
6910:
6894:
6890:
6884:
6868:
6864:
6858:
6839:
6832:
6826:
6810:
6806:
6800:
6781:
6774:
6768:
6752:
6748:
6742:
6726:
6722:
6716:
6700:
6696:
6690:
6671:
6664:
6658:
6639:
6632:
6626:
6607:
6600:
6594:
6575:
6568:
6562:
6543:
6536:
6530:
6511:
6504:
6498:
6479:
6472:
6466:
6447:
6440:
6434:
6415:
6408:
6402:
6383:
6376:
6370:
6351:
6344:
6338:
6319:
6312:
6306:
6287:
6280:
6274:
6255:
6248:
6242:
6223:
6216:
6210:
6191:
6184:
6178:
6162:
6158:
6157:
6152:
6146:
6138:
6132:
6116:
6112:
6106:
6095:
6087:
6081:
6077:
6070:
6062:
6055:
6047:
6043:
6037:
6035:
6018:
6014:
6008:
6006:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5975:
5959:
5955:
5949:
5947:
5945:
5943:
5941:
5939:
5922:
5918:
5914:
5908:
5892:
5888:
5882:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5852:
5845:
5840:
5833:
5828:
5820:
5814:
5810:
5809:
5801:
5785:
5781:
5775:
5759:
5755:
5749:
5747:
5738:
5734:
5733:
5728:
5722:
5715:
5710:
5694:
5687:
5681:
5665:
5661:
5655:
5640:on 5 May 2015
5636:
5632:
5626:
5607:
5603:
5599:
5593:
5577:
5573:
5567:
5551:
5547:
5541:
5533:
5531:9780852297605
5527:
5523:
5516:
5508:
5502:
5498:
5491:
5483:
5476:
5470:
5454:
5450:
5444:
5425:
5418:
5412:
5396:
5392:
5386:
5370:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5354:
5352:
5350:
5330:
5323:
5317:
5309:
5308:
5300:
5284:
5280:
5274:
5266:
5260:
5256:
5255:
5247:
5239:
5233:
5217:
5213:
5207:
5191:
5187:
5181:
5162:
5155:
5149:
5141:
5135:
5131:
5130:
5122:
5115:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5095:
5091:
5085:
5083:
5066:
5062:
5056:
5040:
5036:
5030:
5022:
5016:
5012:
5011:
5003:
4995:
4989:
4985:
4984:
4976:
4960:
4956:
4950:
4934:
4930:
4924:
4916:
4915:
4908:
4892:
4888:
4882:
4880:
4871:
4865:
4861:
4854:
4847:
4842:
4835:
4830:
4822:
4816:
4812:
4811:
4803:
4787:
4783:
4777:
4773:
4772:
4764:
4756:
4750:
4745:
4744:
4735:
4727:
4721:
4717:
4716:
4708:
4706:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4683:
4675:
4667:
4661:
4657:
4652:
4651:
4642:
4634:
4628:
4624:
4623:
4615:
4606:
4605:
4597:
4589:
4583:
4579:
4578:
4570:
4568:
4566:
4557:
4556:
4548:
4529:
4522:
4521:
4513:
4505:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4486:
4470:
4466:
4460:
4456:
4455:
4447:
4439:
4433:
4429:
4428:
4423:
4417:
4409:
4403:
4399:
4392:
4384:
4378:
4359:
4352:
4351:
4343:
4335:
4329:
4310:
4303:
4302:
4294:
4275:
4268:
4267:
4259:
4250:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4220:
4212:
4206:
4202:
4201:
4193:
4185:
4179:
4175:
4174:
4166:
4159:
4154:
4152:
4150:
4141:
4135:
4131:
4130:
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3270:. A visit by
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2027:
2024:
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2019:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2008:
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1997:
1994:
1991:
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1984:
1979:
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1964:
1954:
1949:
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1140:Chola dynasty
1137:
1133:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1108:
1104:
1102:
1091:
1087:
1082: CE 168
1072:
1067: 112 CE
1061:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1051:Maturaikkāñci
1047:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:Prince Vijaya
1005:
998:
993:
984:
982:
978:
974:
970:
969:
964:
960:
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953:
949:
945:
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939:
935:
931:
927:
926:
921:
917:
913:
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883:
879:
875:
869:
865:
863:
859:
855:
854:
849:
845:
841:
837:
836:North Madurai
833:
829:
825:
821:
815:
813:
809:
805:
802:According to
795:
793:
788:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
761:
759:
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747:
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381: •
379:
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275:Coordinates:
273:
244:
211:
201:
193:
184:
178:
168:
162:
154:
148:
138:
132:
124:
123:Gandhi Museum
118:
108:
102:
94:
88:
78:
72:
62:
58:
53:
43:
37:
33:
19:
13354:Virudhunagar
13244:Nagapattinam
13209:Kallakurichi
13174:Chengalpattu
13135:
13118:Major cities
12894:Emerald dove
12888:Nilgiri tahr
12860:
12789:
12779:
12765:
12726:
12717:
12703:
12656:
12632:
12605:
12586:
12577:
12523:
12499:
12486:Chhattisgarh
12485:
12453:
12439:
12430:
12421:
12211:Pallipalayam
12196:Oddanchatram
12111:Koothanallur
12051:Edaganasalai
12026:Ambasamudram
12014:Second grade
11985:Tirumangalam
11925:Kallakurichi
11920:Kadayanallur
11885:Chengalpattu
11839:Virudhunagar
11814:Tiruchengode
11779:Pattukkottai
11769:Nagapattinam
11759:Mettupalayam
11598:Thoothukkudi
11538:Kancheepuram
11495:Corporations
11406:Alagar Koyil
11401:Thiruvedagam
11353:Vadakampatti
11348:V. Ammapatti
11338:Thiruvedagam
11308:Semmanipatti
11283:Saluppapatti
11278:Rasinampatti
11213:Maittanpatti
11203:Kulamangalam
11168:Ilandaikulam
11158:Chennampatti
11153:Chellampatti
11143:Alagar Koyil
11127:Vellalapatti
11112:Tirumangalam
11107:T.Kallupatti
11097:Samayanallur
11047:Alanganallur
11009:T.Kallupatti
10994:Madurai West
10989:Madurai East
10974:Chellampatti
10969:Alanganallur
10897:
10896:
10792:Tirumangalam
10772:Madurai West
10767:Madurai East
10720:Murugan Idli
10521:Alagar Koyil
10186:institutions
10184:Educational
10144:Samayanallur
10134:Madurai East
10129:Koodal Nagar
10001:Tirumangalam
9871:Mattuthavani
9856:Lakshmipuram
9851:Koodal Nagar
9806:Jaihindpuram
9688:Madurai-West
9678:Madurai-East
9584:Later Cholas
9459:
9438:
9417:
9405:the original
9375:. Retrieved
9366:
9357:
9345:. Retrieved
9341:the original
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9299:
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8802:
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8786:the original
8776:
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8683:The Guardian
8681:
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8655:the original
8648:
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8049:22 September
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5699:13 September
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3802:
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3443:
3432:
3423:Maalai Malar
3421:
3417:Malai Murasu
3415:
3411:Tamil Murasu
3409:
3403:
3397:
3393:Dina Thanthi
3391:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3350:Radio Mirchi
3339:
3315:
3309:
3301:
3298:Car Festival
3295:
3276:
3249:
3247:
3187:
3183:
3174:
3136:
3129:
3120:
3092:Divya Desams
3084:Alagar Koyil
3077:
3052:Divya Desams
3050:
3036:
3025:Vaigai River
3021:Hindu temple
3015:
3000:
2994:
2979:Vaigai River
2975:Hindu temple
2969:
2890:
2875:
2864:
2853:
2796:
2734:
2699:
2694:
2683:Tamil Sangam
2680:
2619:World War II
2609:
2543:
2527:Mattuthavani
2523:Virudhunagar
2491:
2457:
2441:Janata Party
2406:
2389:
2370:Virudhunagar
2317:Madurai West
2281:Madurai East
2258:seat vacant
2255:Deputy Mayor
2247:Commissioner
2205:
2182:
2169:
2140:Christianity
2072:1951 – 1981:
1967:Demographics
1962:
1742:mm (inches)
1400:
1385:
1380:
1369:
1363:
1321:
1318:
1288:
1286:
1281:silpa sastra
1280:
1275:śilpa śāstra
1272:
1266:
1252:
1241:Architecture
1232:
1193:
1177:
1165:Chanda Sahib
1129:
1097: 24 CE
1049:
1041:Arthashastra
1039:
1020:
1001:
997:Vaigai river
980:
966:
956:
951:
947:
943:Divya Desams
941:
923:
915:
909:
905:Kaliththokai
903:
897:
893:
878:Vaishnavaite
873:
867:
866:
861:
851:
847:
835:
823:
819:
816:
811:
808:Tamil-Brahmi
801:
789:
762:
723:Chola Empire
687:Tamil Sangam
685:. The third
680:
676:River Vaigai
658:, it is the
640:Indian state
635:
530:
529:
167:Vaigai river
36:
13314:Tirunelveli
13304:Thoothukudi
13264:Pudukkottai
13229:Krishnagiri
13219:Kanyakumari
13214:Kanchipuram
12969:Raj Bhavan
12916:Butterfly:
12681:Vasai-Virar
12657:Maharashtra
12606:West Bengal
12321:Usilampatti
12301:Tiruchendur
12236:Puliyankudi
12216:Periyakulam
12186:Nellikuppam
12166:Melvisharam
12151:Manamadurai
12131:Kuzhithurai
12116:Kottakuppam
12096:Kayalpatnam
12071:Jolarpettai
12046:Chinnamanur
11955:Poonamallee
11915:Jayankondam
11848:First grade
11834:Vaniyambadi
11734:Chidambaram
11698:Tiruverkadu
11683:Rajapalayam
11663:Krishnagiri
11608:Tirunelveli
11573:Pudukkottai
11248:Naganakulam
11238:Mullipallam
11218:Mallappuram
11193:Keelavalavu
11163:Chinthamani
11148:Chatrapatti
11117:Usilampatti
11102:Sholavandan
11038:Cities and
11024:Usilampatti
10984:Kottampatti
10946:Usilampatti
10797:Usilampatti
10782:Sholavandan
10743:Tamil Nadu
10323:Engineering
10149:Sholavandan
10016:Umachikulam
9976:Thiruppalai
9966:Therkuvasal
9866:Mathichiyam
9841:Keerathurai
9796:Goripalayam
9791:Ellis Nagar
9766:Chokkikulam
9746:Avaniapuram
9731:Arappalayam
9704:and suburbs
9624:British Raj
9619:Company Raj
9377:19 December
9167:18 December
9135:11 December
8405:7 September
8375:28 February
8277:26 December
8001:24 December
7544:|last=
7119:30 November
5846:2004, p. 43
5834:2004, p. 31
5714:Harman 1992
5670:9 September
4848:1987| p. 18
4836:, pp. 73–75
4050:21 December
4020:21 December
3839:18 February
3609:24 February
3529:2011 census
3096:Maha Vishnu
3029:Maha Vishnu
2828: 1914
2787:2,000 crore
2747:, with the
2569:Tirunelveli
2561:Kanyakumari
2531:Arappalayam
2439:(1996–98),
2435:(1957–61),
2172:2011 census
1359:Periyar Dam
1346:9.93; 78.12
1344: /
1287:The temple
1271:(Sanskrit:
1169:Arcot Nawab
1088:geographer
1062:(61 –
1058:historians
1023:Megasthenes
981:Thirualavai
844:Manamadurai
746:British Raj
695:Megasthenes
656:2011 census
419:1,017,865
297: /
185:Aerial view
13446:Categories
13349:Viluppuram
13329:Tiruvallur
13319:Tirupathur
13259:Perambalur
13194:Dharmapuri
13184:Coimbatore
13131:Coimbatore
13038:Literature
13023:Government
12985:High Court
12937:Governance
12848:Tamil Nadu
12775:Coimbatore
12766:Tamil Nadu
12746:Malappuram
12713:Vijayawada
12686:Aurangabad
12591:Jamshedpur
12412:Chandigarh
12306:Tirukoilur
12261:Sholinghur
12246:Rameswaram
12206:Pallapatti
12191:Nelliyalam
12141:Madukkarai
12126:Kundrathur
12121:Kulithalai
12106:Kollankodu
12000:Vedaranyam
11990:Tiruvallur
11950:Paramakudi
11935:Manapparai
11910:Gudiyatham
11900:Devakottai
11865:Aranthangi
11819:Tirupattur
11809:Tindivanam
11799:Thiruvarur
11784:Perambalur
11754:Mannargudi
11744:Dharapuram
11708:Viluppuram
11658:Kovilpatti
11653:Kodaikanal
11648:Dharmapuri
11553:Kumbakonam
11513:Coimbatore
11487:Tamil Nadu
11313:Sengapadai
11288:Samanatham
11243:Muthupatti
10903:Tamil Nadu
10734:Political
10679:Jallikattu
10194:University
10046:Villapuram
10006:Thirunagar
9991:Thathaneri
9971:Thirunagar
9961:Thathaneri
9951:Tallakulam
9901:Otthakadai
9786:Doak Nagar
9781:DRO Colony
9726:Anuppanadi
9721:Anna Nagar
9716:Andalpuram
9642:Yanaimalai
8500:24 January
8457:Tha Indian
8437:24 January
7931:. Rediff.
7783:. Chennai.
7706:14 October
7526:1 February
7171:29 January
5615:13 October
5582:26 January
5045:9 December
4076:0674012275
3994:26 January
3934:24 January
3899:12 October
3869:12 October
3813:13 October
3548:References
3504:Vaigai Dam
3358:Radio City
3317:Jallikattu
3186:, meaning
3156:called as
3100:Kallalagar
2871:Kodaikanal
2581:Rameswaram
2557:Coimbatore
2209:Panchayats
2197:Saurashtra
2193:Christians
2104:Percent(%)
1080: – c.
971:), namely
930:Periyalvar
842:is called
828:Sangam age
741:, and the
668:Coimbatore
644:Tamil Nadu
415:Metropolis
408:Population
383:Metropolis
353:Government
337:Tamil Nadu
285:78°07′11″E
57:Metropolis
13339:Tiruvarur
13294:Thanjavur
13284:Sivaganga
13189:Cuddalore
13161:Districts
13108:State Day
13053:Education
12945:Governors
12912:Palm tree
12906:Jackfruit
12794:Hyderabad
12790:Telangana
12736:Kozhikode
12722:Bangalore
12718:Karnataka
12637:Ahmedabad
12587:Jharkhand
12555:Prayagraj
12535:Ghaziabad
12454:Rajasthan
12426:Faridabad
12346:Walajapet
12336:Vellakoil
12331:Vandavasi
12311:Tittakudi
12296:Thuvakudi
12256:Sengottai
12221:Pernambut
12101:Kilakarai
12086:Karamadai
11995:Tiruttani
11975:Sivaganga
11960:Rasipuram
11855:Arakkonam
11804:Thuraiyur
11593:Thanjavur
11563:Nagercoil
11543:Karaikudi
11518:Cuddalore
11372:Places of
11343:Uthapuram
11333:Thenkarai
11298:Sedapatti
11178:Karaikeni
11122:Vadipatti
11082:Othakadai
11077:Nagamalai
11062:Kalligudi
11052:Arumbanur
11029:Vadipatti
11004:Sedapatti
10979:Kallikudi
10951:Vadipatti
10807:Lok Sabha
10643:Athisayam
10541:Madapuram
10490:Places of
10220:Arts and
10061:Transport
10041:Vilangudi
10036:Vilachery
10021:Uthangudi
10011:TVS Nagar
9941:SS Colony
9931:Simmakkal
9911:Pasumalai
9896:Nelpettai
9886:Nagamalai
9876:Melamadai
9736:Arasaradi
9652:Pasumalai
9647:Nagamalai
9634:Geography
9569:Kalabhras
9336:The Hindu
9124:The Hindu
9066:The Hindu
9035:The Hindu
8911:29 August
8812:The Hindu
8692:0261-3077
8650:The Hindu
8586:The Hindu
8554:The Hindu
8489:The Hindu
8426:The Hindu
8395:The Hindu
8209:11 August
8199:The Hindu
7990:The Hindu
7969:22 August
7939:22 August
7762:10 August
7748:"Schools"
7536:cite news
7516:0971-751X
7508:The Hindu
7301:22 August
7251:22 August
7215:The Hindu
7109:0971-751X
7101:The Hindu
6925:22 August
6899:22 August
6156:The Hindu
5917:The Hindu
5861:The Hindu
5364:The Hindu
5338:22 August
5222:22 August
5170:21 August
5114:King 2005
5065:The Hindu
4939:22 August
4897:22 August
4834:King 2005
4695:888754347
4687:Faridabad
4537:28 August
4377:cite book
4328:cite book
4239:11 August
4229:The Hindu
4160:pp. 12–25
4010:"Tufidco"
3923:The Hindu
3889:The Hindu
3733:22 August
3721:"Madurai"
3705:22 August
3693:"Madurai"
3677:22 August
3657:"Madurai"
3625:"Madurai"
3515:Footnotes
3405:Dinakaran
3387:Dinamalar
3363:The Hindu
3354:Suryan FM
3214:centres.
3194:on every
3033:Navagraha
2987:Meenakshi
2985:known as
2922:Honeywell
2780:736 crore
2665:Education
2643:Air India
2635:Singapore
2589:Tirupathi
2585:Thanjavur
2573:Karaikudi
2474:Transport
2417:Lok Sabha
2286:P.Moorthy
2061:1,017,865
1290:prakarams
1230:in 1939.
1078: 90
1012:Tamilakam
1004:Mahavamsa
899:Paripāṭal
853:Vaishnava
798:Etymology
475:Time zone
440:1,465,625
400:Elevation
282:9°55′31″N
13324:Tiruppur
13254:Nilgiris
13249:Namakkal
13199:Dindigul
13169:Ariyalur
13146:Tiruppur
13088:Wildlife
13063:Politics
13033:Language
12898:Flower:
12886:Animal:
12741:Thrissur
12696:Southern
12647:Vadodara
12560:Varanasi
12514:Jabalpur
12449:Amritsar
12444:Ludhiana
12435:Srinagar
12271:Surandai
12266:Sirkazhi
12081:Kangeyam
12076:Kalakkad
12031:Ariyalur
11940:Palladam
11905:Edappadi
11890:Colachel
11829:Valparai
11678:Pollachi
11613:Tiruppur
11588:Tambaram
11583:Sivakasi
11568:Namakkal
11523:Dindigul
11444:Villages
11363:Vellalur
11318:Silaiman
11253:Nilaiyur
11223:Mangulam
11198:Keezhadi
11173:Kappalur
11136:Villages
11092:Peraiyur
11087:Palamedu
11057:Elumalai
10960:Revenue
10936:Peraiyur
10745:Assembly
10560:Churches
10424:Medicine
9891:Narimedu
9861:Managiri
9846:Kochadai
9831:Karimedu
9826:Kappalur
9811:K. Pudur
9574:Pallavas
9371:Archived
9367:Press108
9309:Archived
8983:Archived
8905:Archived
8903:. 2013.
8875:Archived
8845:Archived
8816:Archived
8760:Archived
8734:Archived
8702:26 March
8696:Archived
8399:Archived
8369:Archived
8322:29 April
8316:Archived
8203:Archived
8123:Archived
8043:Archived
7933:Archived
7700:Archived
7670:Archived
7566:Archived
7520:Archived
7455:Archived
7397:Archived
7219:Archived
7113:Archived
7009:Archived
6980:Archived
6948:Archived
6893:Archived
6847:17 April
6780:Archived
6679:16 April
6670:Archived
6647:16 April
6638:Archived
6606:Archived
6583:16 April
6574:Archived
6551:16 April
6542:Archived
6519:16 April
6510:Archived
6487:16 April
6478:Archived
6455:16 April
6446:Archived
6423:16 April
6414:Archived
6391:16 April
6382:Archived
6327:16 April
6318:Archived
6295:16 April
6286:Archived
6263:16 April
6254:Archived
6190:Archived
6017:Archived
5988:Archived
5921:Archived
5865:Archived
5784:Archived
5758:Archived
5729:(1913).
5693:Archived
5664:Archived
5576:Archived
5453:Archived
5433:11 April
5401:11 April
5395:Archived
5329:Archived
5190:Archived
5161:Archived
5094:Archived
5039:Archived
4959:Archived
4933:Archived
4786:Archived
4528:Archived
4469:Archived
4424:(1992).
4358:Archived
4309:Archived
4274:Archived
4233:Archived
4044:Archived
4014:Archived
3893:Archived
3863:Archived
3807:Archived
3780:(1912).
3753:Archived
3671:Archived
3603:Archived
3574:Archived
3483:See also
3399:Dinamani
3346:Hello FM
3146:Muhammed
3118:saints.
2958:Mahavira
2901:Kappalur
2897:Industry
2651:SpiceJet
2633:and for
2515:Dindigul
2443:(1998),
2250:Visagan
2217:Dindigul
2191:, 5.18%
2187:, 8.54%
2110:Hinduism
2099:Religion
2069:Source:
1904:Average
1856:Average
1807:(22.42)
1738:Average
1553:(100.2)
1523:(112.1)
1513:(100.4)
1508:(104.0)
1503:(105.4)
1498:(107.1)
1493:(105.1)
1488:(108.0)
1483:(112.1)
1478:(107.8)
1473:(107.1)
1468:(101.3)
1463:(102.4)
1388:Dindigul
1118:Coin of
1036:Kautilya
977:Sundarar
968:Saivites
963:Nayanars
824:Marutham
756:and the
703:Kautilya
570:-doo-rai
480:UTC+5:30
455:Language
343:District
13452:Madurai
13344:Vellore
13289:Tenkasi
13274:Ranipet
13234:Madurai
13179:Chennai
13136:Madurai
13126:Chennai
13098:Tourism
13068:Temples
13028:History
13018:Economy
13013:Cuisine
12973:Chennai
12904:Fruit:
12873:symbols
12862:Chennai
12857:Capital
12780:Madurai
12770:Chennai
12633:Gujarat
12625:Western
12615:Asansol
12610:Kolkata
12596:Dhanbad
12570:Eastern
12545:Lucknow
12519:Gwalior
12478:Central
12463:Jodhpur
12422:Haryana
12326:Vadalur
12231:Pugalur
12226:Ponneri
12156:Mangadu
12136:Lalgudi
12041:Cheyyar
12036:Bhavani
11945:Panruti
11794:Tenkasi
11789:Ranipet
11739:Coonoor
11623:Vellore
11558:Madurai
11508:Chennai
11374:worship
11188:Karseri
10898:Madurai
10815:Madurai
10725:Parotta
10703:Cuisine
10667:Culture
10576:Mosques
10499:Temples
10492:worship
10222:science
9986:Thoppur
9921:Ponmeni
9916:Paravai
9741:Anaiyur
9546:History
9539:Madurai
9390:Sources
9347:18 June
9315:28 June
9199:26 June
9015:29 June
8989:29 June
8963:29 June
8937:29 June
8881:29 June
8851:29 June
8822:29 June
8792:29 June
8766:29 June
8740:29 June
8661:29 June
8629:29 June
8597:29 June
8565:29 June
8533:29 June
8467:8 March
8244:18 June
8179:30 June
8129:30 June
7913:30 June
7732:26 June
7676:26 June
7650:26 June
7624:26 June
7598:24 July
7572:26 June
7487:26 June
7461:26 June
7435:29 June
7225:30 June
7080:29 June
7054:15 June
7015:29 June
6989:29 June
6957:29 June
6873:15 July
6789:26 June
6757:26 June
6731:26 June
6705:26 June
6615:26 June
6359:26 June
6231:26 June
6199:26 June
6167:29 June
6121:26 June
5964:26 June
5897:30 June
5871:30 June
5790:15 June
5764:15 June
5644:29 June
5556:29 June
5459:19 July
5375:30 June
5289:30 June
5196:15 June
5116:, p. 72
5071:30 June
4965:30 June
4367:30 June
4318:30 June
4283:30 June
3965:26 June
3583:29 June
3280:Kabbadi
3180:Persian
3104:Lakshmi
3065:Pandyas
3061:gopuram
3057:Lakshmi
2996:gopuram
2983:Parvati
2918:HCLTech
2861:jasmine
2808:Economy
2627:Colombo
2553:Chennai
2358:Madurai
2189:Muslims
2158:
2145:
2130:
2115:
2050:928,869
2039:940,989
2028:820,891
2017:549,114
2006:424,810
1995:361,781
1802:(2.02)
1797:(5.80)
1792:(7.31)
1787:(4.78)
1782:(3.70)
1777:(2.24)
1772:(1.35)
1767:(3.17)
1762:(2.37)
1757:(0.72)
1752:(0.43)
1747:(0.33)
1733:(58.1)
1728:(62.1)
1723:(63.0)
1718:(66.0)
1713:(65.3)
1708:(69.1)
1703:(66.9)
1698:(64.0)
1693:(64.0)
1688:(66.9)
1683:(62.4)
1678:(58.1)
1673:(60.1)
1663:(75.0)
1658:(70.3)
1653:(72.9)
1648:(74.7)
1643:(76.3)
1638:(77.9)
1633:(78.6)
1628:(79.2)
1623:(79.3)
1618:(78.1)
1613:(74.1)
1608:(70.7)
1603:(67.3)
1593:(94.1)
1588:(86.0)
1583:(87.1)
1578:(91.6)
1573:(95.2)
1568:(97.2)
1563:(97.7)
1558:(99.0)
1548:(99.0)
1543:(96.8)
1538:(91.9)
1533:(87.4)
1518:(98.6)
1332:78°07′E
1220:Shanars
1136:Pandyas
1071:Ptolemy
1028:Mathura
987:History
958:Tevaram
874:Madurai
858:Tenkasi
820:Madurai
812:matiray
769:granite
664:Chennai
531:Madurai
513:Website
497:625 xxx
468:English
347:Madurai
310:Country
256:Madurai
223:Madurai
46:Madurai
13422:Portal
13058:Sports
13048:People
13008:Cinema
13000:Topics
12990:Police
12910:Tree:
12892:Bird:
12880:Seal:
12871:State
12842:
12761:Kollam
12756:Kannur
12727:Kerala
12676:Nashik
12671:Nagpur
12661:Mumbai
12652:Rajkot
12601:Ranchi
12550:Meerut
12540:Kanpur
12509:Bhopal
12504:Indore
12495:Bhilai
12490:Raipur
12458:Jaipur
12440:Punjab
12251:Sattur
12171:Musiri
11895:Cumbum
11774:Palani
11764:Mettur
11439:People
11293:Saptur
10962:blocks
10914:Taluks
10450:Others
9946:Sellur
9467:
9446:
9425:
9289:19 May
9263:20 May
9231:21 May
9103:21 May
9077:21 May
9045:21 May
8690:
8101:
8074:
8035:
7885:
7858:
7831:
7804:
7514:
7389:
7362:
7334:
7145:4 July
7107:
6082:
6023:26 May
5994:20 May
5927:8 June
5815:
5528:
5503:
5261:
5136:
5017:
4990:
4866:
4817:
4778:
4751:
4722:
4693:
4662:
4629:
4584:
4500:
4461:
4434:
4404:
4207:
4180:
4136:
4098:
4073:
3630:Lexico
3460:) and
3166:Jeddah
3007:Tamils
3002:vimana
2856:Nayaka
2770:1,264
2695:sangam
2655:IndiGo
2521:, and
2502:NH 208
2498:NH 45B
2185:Hindus
2154:Others
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2020:+29.3%
2009:+17.4%
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