51:
1032:
30:
1044:
448:); when Rhys opposed this, the king had the excuse he needed to suppress the power of Deheubarth. Local Norman magnates were provided with troops by the king, to invade lands under the sway of Deheubarth; Roger Mortimer was the magnate who attacked Maelienydd, and by 1200 had conquered it. In that year, Roger granted a charter of liberties to Cwmhir Abbey.
397:, also known as Maelgwn Gwynedd, who lived centuries before), but King Henry seized Cymaron castle, to use the income from its lands to pay back large debts that Cadwallon owed him. When Roger Mortimer was released, he seized much of Maelienydd, including Cymaron, though Maelgwn was able to recover it with the help of
443:
Richard's absence during the crusade allowed Rhys to increase his already great dominance over other Welsh princes, establishing effective hegemony; when
Richard returned he was determined to restrain Rhys. Shortly thereafter, the murder of Einion (himself recently returned from Crusade) by Gwalter,
353:
gradually weakened
Stephen's position, and eventually was acknowledged his heir; in 1155 Henry became king. During this period, Henry's growing political strength enabled him to force Hugh to surrender his Welsh castles. The two remaining sons of Madog had by now re-divided Ferlix between them;
536:
In 1282, Llywelyn ap
Gruffudd again attacked Edward's lands, and was subsequently killed in Buellt, while attacking the local castle; his headless body was buried in Cwmhir Abbey. As the forces of Ceri had sided with Llywelyn, Ceri was declared forfeit, and handed to Roger. Strictly speaking,
346:(grandson of Ranulph) invaded northern Ferlix, killing Hywel and Cadwgan, sons of Madog, in the process. In 1144, Hugh repaired Cymaron Castle, and from this base, two years later, he invaded the south of Ferlix, leading to the death of Maredudd, another of Madog's sons.
226:, who lead an army against him. Æthelflæd defeated Hwgan, in battle, then invaded his lands, captured Hwgan's castle (in Brycheiniog). and took his wife prisoner. Hwgan decided to form an alliance with the Vikings, but died soon after, while defending
167:), but on his death, the realm was divided between his sons; Cawdraf received Ferlix, while Meurig received the rest of the realm, as Gwent. In any case, manuscripts give Tangwydd ap Tegid, an 8th-century ruler of Ferlix, the following pedigree:
271:
to prevent any further Welsh assistance to the Saxons. In turn, this led to a Welsh revolt in 1094, but by the end of the century it was successfully suppressed by a number of Norman magnates; the northern parts of Ferlix were conquered by
533:, outside of either English or Welsh law; Maredudd's son, Madog, however, was confirmed in possession of Ceri, which was detached from Maelienydd as a distinct Marcher Lordship. Madog's son married Einion o r Porth's granddaughter.
307:, the King. In 1095, Ranulph took part in an unsuccessful conspiracy to replace the king with his son-in-law, and was consequently exiled. Idnerth was able to recover his lands in northern Ferlix; he reached agreement with
135:
According to historic manuscripts, the region between the Wye and the Severn was once regarded as a unit. Manuscripts use various alternative spellings for this, such as Ferlix, Fferllys, Fferleg, and
Fferreg; in his
502:(grandson of Llywelyn Fawr), became aggrieved by Henry III's suggestion of adjusting the Treaty of Woodstock to provide for Llywelyn's younger brother, who had now reached adulthood. Llywelyn attacked the
463:
had them executed (by hanging) at
Bridgnorth. Maelgwn's remaining sons – Cadwallon and Maredudd – inherited the land, and vengefully became vassals of Gwynedd, the dominant state in North Wales, ruled by
521:, the daughter of Henry's greatest enemy. Aggrieved by this, Edward, the new king, declared Llywelyn a rebel, and in 1277 attacked Gwynedd with an enormous army. Llywelyn was forced to agree, by the
491:. Two years later, Maelgwn's grandsons (Maredudd ap Maelgwn, and Hywel ap Cadwallon, not to be confused with the hanged Hywel), petitioned the king to be restored to part of Maelienydd –
250:; Dryffin and his heirs would now only rule in Brycheiniog. Elystan was succeeded by his son, Cadwgan, who was succeeded by his eldest son, Idnerth; a younger son gave rise to the
211:, which lay adjacent to Ferlix; Elisse ap Rhain, the previous king of Brycheiniog, only had daughters, so it is possible that Tangwydd obtained Brycheiniog by marriage.
541:, appointed Ieuan ap Philip as castellan of Cefnllys; Ieuan was a scion of the Cadogan family, and thus a direct male descendant of Elystan Glodrydd, by a cadet branch
514:) prevented him from fully resisting Llywelyn's campaign, so Llywelyn took advantage by expanding Gwynedd's power even further. In 1262 Maelienydd fell to Llywelyn.
537:
however, Ceri was not the last part of Ferlix to be dominated by the family of
Elystan Glodrydd. In the 15th century, the descendant and heir of Roger Mortimer,
390:
488:
405:, his cousin's father-in-law; Maelgwn had opted to become a vassal of Rhys, in order to increase his ability to resist Mortimer. One of the main versions of
459:
In 1210, Hywel, and
Maelgwn's eldest son, Madog, came to an accommodation with Roger Mortimer. However, two years later, they murdered William de Mora, so
495:; despite the advice of the king's advisors, who pointed out Maredudd and Hywel's past support for Gwynedd's rebellion, this seems to have been granted.
316:
359:
322:
The exile of
Ranulph and his family had continued throughout this time, due to supporting a rival of William's brother (and successor)
311:, the conqueror of southern Ferlix, to regain most of the remainder, but had to consent to Braose retaining Buellt and the area around
156:
761:
1062:
377:(for reasons which do not survive). Upon his return, on 22 September, he was killed by some retainers of Hugh de Mortimer's son,
445:
440:(i.e. join the crusade) like his cousin Einion o'r Porth (ruler of Elfael and son of Einion Clud) had done a few days earlier.
573:. Ferlix was therefore re-united when Maelienydd, Radnor, and the rest of Elfael, was inherited by Henry and Elizabeth's son,
633:
705:
693:
526:
538:
342:(the legitimate heir of King Henry) managed to capture Stephen, and Stephen's partisans began to abandon his cause,
578:
716:
D. Stephenson: The
Lordship of Ceri in the Thirteenth Century, Montgomeryshire Collections 95 (2007), pages 23–31
263:
in 1066 many Welsh princes, who owed allegiance to the Saxon kings, assisted anti-Norman revolts such as that of
472:, Roger's son and heir, married Llywelyn's daughter. Ten years later, however, following the repudiation of the
672:
754:
562:
561:, Maud de Braose, heir of Philip de Braose). By the 15th century, the Tosny lordship had been inherited by
50:
260:
1101:
378:
525:, to limit his authority to Gwynedd alone. Maelienydd was given to Llywelyn Fawr's other grandson,
335:
268:
40:
334:). After Henry's death, in 1135, Ranulph's family supported the successful invasion of England by
747:
451:
Maelgwn and his brother, Hywel, found refuge in
Gwynedd. Maelgwn died in exile, two years later.
141:
788:
574:
511:
473:
304:
735:
884:
794:
566:
499:
417:
8:
522:
518:
507:
374:
350:
273:
1036:
986:
862:
834:
828:
477:
410:
394:
355:
323:
219:
104:
58:
238:
As Hwgan had been an aggressor against the Saxons, his son Dryffin was forced by King
1106:
668:
629:
570:
300:
281:
96:
428:
visited Ferlix with Baldwin, the Archbishop of Canterbury, seeking soldiers for the
937:
906:
823:
815:
433:
398:
343:
331:
308:
243:
215:
164:
978:
481:
460:
425:
339:
327:
264:
119:
469:
246:, Æthelstan's god-son (and namesake), united Ferlix with his existing realm of
223:
204:
1095:
1077:
1064:
465:
429:
421:
92:
214:
Hwgan, Tangwydd's son and successor, attempted to invade Mercia, while King
1048:
1031:
1006:
606:
530:
492:
444:
his own brother, lead to military intervention by the Sheriff of Hereford (
370:
252:
114:
739:
239:
199:
Welsh annals claim that during the reign of Tangwydd's father, Tegid, the
971:
855:
801:
783:
582:
558:
554:
503:
319:, but when Madog died, in 1140, Ferlix was divided between Madog's sons.
208:
358:
received the northern half, which became Maelienydd, while his brother,
841:
809:
601:
402:
312:
293:
289:
88:
950:
943:
913:
869:
406:
110:
29:
964:
927:
920:
876:
848:
594:
498:
Nevertheless, a few years later the subsequent Gwyneddian prince,
957:
160:
76:
242:
to pay tribute, and was deposed from Ferlix. He was replaced by
144:
argued, based on these alternatives, that it was probably named
999:
992:
890:
363:
267:. Hence, in 1080, when a revolt broke out in Northern England,
247:
207:
through it. For unclear reasons, Tangwydd also became ruler of
200:
510:. Henry's problems with his barons (eventually leading to the
256:
family, who were raised to the nobility many centuries later.
897:
771:
550:
227:
100:
84:
413:, is thought to originate from Maelienydd during this time.
103:. During the Middle Ages it was part of the region known as
729:
381:; the king was outraged, and imprisoned Roger for 3 years.
80:
736:
https://mortimerhistory.com/medieval-mortimers/chapter-2/
569:, married Richard Plantagenet's granddaughter, and heir,
338:, and were able to return. In 1142, once forces loyal to
222:; Hwgan, however, hadn't reckoned with Edward's sister,
436:(described by Gerald as 'Cruker'), and convinced him to
487:
In 1247, the grievances of Gwynedd were settled by the
480:, Ralph invaded Maelienydd. In 1242, he constructed
159:), claims that Ferlix was part of the realm of King
626:
Conquest, coexistence and change: Wales 1063 – 1415
230:(at the time held by the Vikings) from the Saxons.
704:The Itinerary through Wales, Book 1, Chapter 1 –
393:(not to be confused with Maelgwn ap Cadwallon of
1093:
155:Welsh tradition (as reported for example by the
654:Togographical History of Wales, Brecknockshire
148:, and that the name may refer to ironworkers (
99:. The area, which is mainly upland, is now in
755:
389:Maelienydd was inherited by Cadwallon's son,
769:
728:Elystan Glodrydd & Rhwng Gwy a Hafren:
762:
748:
694:De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae, Gildas
585:. The name survives for the general area.
557:, which had been given to Roger Mortimer (
549:In 1277, Elfael had been acquired by the
529:, the son of Ralph; this hence became a
420:, who soon decided to drive forward the
362:, ruled the southern half, which became
299:Ranulph's daughter (Hawise) had married
269:the Normans pre-emptively occupied Wales
203:seized parts of Ferlix, by constructing
315:. Idnerth passed his lands to his son,
118:) and its administrative centre was at
1094:
517:In 1275, Llywelyn ap Gruffudd married
454:
157:1844 Topographical Dictionary of Wales
743:
734:Mortimer History: The Welsh Marches:
593:Maelienydd was subdivided into four
432:; they met Maelgwn at his castle of
706:Journey through Hereford and Radnor
553:family, apart from the area around
16:Welsh medieval cantref and lordship
13:
373:. In 1179, Cadwallon visited King
14:
1118:
723:
581:, Ferlix became the main part of
506:, which was held by Henry's son,
484:at the former site of Dineithon.
476:by Llywelyn's son and successor,
1042:
1030:
233:
130:
49:
28:
588:
710:
698:
687:
678:
657:
648:
163:(more usually associated with
1:
618:
563:Margaret Beauchamp of Bletso
416:King Henry was succeeded by
276:. He founded the castles of
7:
87:covering the area from the
10:
1123:
384:
369:In 1176 Cadwallon founded
349:After 1148, Matilda's son
261:Norman conquest of England
125:
1025:
779:
577:. Following Henry VIII's
108:
802:Region–Ystrad Tywi
730:http://www.elystan.co.uk
544:
1037:Middle Ages portal
218:was distracted by the
22:Location of Maelienydd
474:Treaty of Gwerneigron
418:Richard the Lionheart
189:Teithwalch ap Cyndegg
675:), 1999, p. 281
665:The Isles: A History
624:R. R. Davies (1987)
559:in right of his wife
500:Llywelyn ap Gruffudd
391:Maelgwn ap Cadwallon
95:and the area around
1074: /
993:Region–Buellt
638:W. H. Howse (1949)
539:Richard Plantagenet
523:Treaty of Aberconwy
519:Eleanor de Montfort
489:Treaty of Woodstock
455:Gwyneddian hegemony
424:. On 5 March 1188,
375:Henry II of England
274:Ranulph de Mortimer
192:Tegid ap Teithwalch
186:Cyndegg ap Cynfarch
987:Rhwng Gwy a Hafren
898:Region–Ewyas
628:(Clarendon Press)
579:Laws in Wales Acts
565:, whose grandson,
512:Second Barons' War
411:Cyfnerth Redaction
171:Cawrdaf ap Caradoc
105:Rhwng Gwy a Hafren
71:, sometimes spelt
59:Rhwng Gwy a Hafren
56:Maelienydd within
37:Rhwng Gwy a Hafren
1057:
1056:
1016:
1009:
1002:
995:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
946:
930:
923:
916:
909:
900:
893:
879:
872:
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
818:
804:
797:
634:978-0-19-821732-9
571:Elizabeth of York
446:William de Braose
301:Stephen of Aumale
282:Llandrindod Wells
195:Tangwydd ap Tegid
97:Llandrindod Wells
1114:
1102:History of Powys
1089:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1078:52.255°N 3.340°W
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1049:Wales portal
1047:
1046:
1045:
1035:
1034:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
977:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
926:
919:
912:
905:
896:
889:
875:
868:
861:
854:
847:
840:
833:
814:
800:
793:
764:
757:
750:
741:
740:
717:
714:
708:
702:
696:
691:
685:
682:
676:
661:
655:
652:
531:Marcher Lordship
399:Rhys ap Gruffydd
344:Hugh de Mortimer
336:Stephen of Blois
332:Duke of Normandy
309:Philip de Braose
303:, the cousin of
244:Elystan Glodrydd
216:Edward the Elder
183:Cynfarch ap Hoyw
140:, the historian
117:
83:in east central
53:
32:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1092:
1091:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1029:
1021:
775:
768:
726:
721:
720:
715:
711:
703:
699:
692:
688:
683:
679:
662:
658:
653:
649:
642:(E.J. Thurston)
621:
591:
575:King Henry VIII
547:
482:Cefnllys Castle
457:
426:Gerald of Wales
387:
340:Empress Matilda
328:Robert Curthose
265:Eadric the Wild
236:
220:Viking invasion
133:
128:
120:Cefnllys Castle
66:
65:
64:
63:
62:
54:
45:
44:
43:
33:
24:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1120:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1083:52.255; -3.340
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1039:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1010:
1003:
996:
984:
983:
982:
975:
968:
961:
954:
947:
935:
934:
933:
932:
931:
924:
917:
903:
902:
901:
882:
881:
880:
873:
866:
859:
852:
845:
838:
826:
821:
820:
819:
807:
806:
805:
798:
786:
780:
777:
776:
767:
766:
759:
752:
744:
725:
724:External links
722:
719:
718:
709:
697:
686:
684:Barlow, p. 324
677:
656:
646:
645:
644:
643:
636:
620:
617:
616:
615:
612:
609:
604:
590:
587:
546:
543:
527:Roger Mortimer
470:Ralph Mortimer
456:
453:
438:take the cross
386:
383:
280:(near present
259:Following the
235:
232:
197:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:Caw ap Cawrdaf
172:
132:
129:
127:
124:
55:
48:
47:
46:
41:medieval Wales
35:The region of
34:
27:
26:
25:
21:
20:
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1119:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1090:
1087:
1050:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
989:
988:
985:
980:
976:
973:
969:
966:
962:
959:
955:
952:
948:
945:
941:
940:
939:
936:
929:
925:
922:
918:
915:
911:
910:
908:
904:
899:
895:
894:
892:
888:
887:
886:
883:
878:
874:
871:
867:
864:
860:
857:
853:
850:
846:
843:
839:
836:
832:
831:
830:
827:
825:
822:
817:
813:
812:
811:
808:
803:
799:
796:
792:
791:
790:
787:
785:
782:
781:
778:
773:
765:
760:
758:
753:
751:
746:
745:
742:
738:
737:
732:
731:
713:
707:
701:
695:
690:
681:
674:
670:
666:
660:
651:
647:
641:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
622:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
599:
598:
596:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
542:
540:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
496:
494:
490:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
466:Llywelyn Fawr
462:
452:
449:
447:
441:
439:
435:
431:
430:Third Crusade
427:
423:
422:Third Crusade
419:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
382:
380:
376:
372:
367:
365:
361:
357:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:William Rufus
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
270:
266:
262:
257:
255:
254:
249:
245:
241:
234:New dynasties
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
212:
210:
206:
202:
194:
191:
188:
185:
182:
180:Hoyw ap Gloyw
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
168:
166:
162:
158:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
131:Early history
123:
121:
116:
112:
106:
102:
98:
94:
93:Radnor Forest
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
61:
60:
52:
42:
38:
31:
1059:
1013:
1007:Gwrtheyrnion
733:
727:
712:
700:
689:
680:
664:
659:
650:
639:
625:
592:
589:Subdivisions
548:
535:
516:
497:
486:
458:
450:
442:
437:
415:
401:, prince of
388:
371:Cwmhir Abbey
368:
348:
321:
298:
285:
277:
258:
251:
237:
213:
198:
177:Gloyw ap Caw
154:
149:
145:
137:
134:
109:Between the
72:
68:
67:
57:
36:
1081: /
856:Meirionnydd
784:Brycheiniog
640:Radnorshire
583:Radnorshire
504:Perfeddwlad
468:. In 1230,
360:Einion Clud
209:Brycheiniog
205:Offa's Dyke
152:in Welsh).
142:John Davies
138:Hanes Cymru
73:Maeliennydd
1096:Categories
1066:52°15′18″N
1014:Maelienydd
842:Dogfeiling
810:Deheubarth
789:Ceredigion
673:0195134427
663:Davies, N.
619:References
602:Dinieithon
403:Deheubarth
313:New Radnor
294:Llangunllo
290:Llanbister
278:Dinieithon
107:(English:
89:River Teme
69:Maelienydd
1069:3°20′24″W
979:Wenwynwyn
951:Mathrafal
944:Edeirnion
914:Glywysing
885:Morgannwg
870:Rhufoniog
835:Aberffraw
795:Seisyllwg
770:Medieval
461:King John
434:Crug Eryr
407:Welsh law
356:Cadwallon
326:(namely,
288:(between
240:Æthelstan
224:Æthelflæd
146:Fferyllwg
1107:Cantrefs
965:Pengwern
928:Penychen
921:Gwynllwg
877:Tegeingl
849:Dunoding
774:kingdoms
614:Buddugre
611:Rhiwallt
595:commotes
201:Mercians
113:and the
81:lordship
75:, was a
958:Mechain
829:Gwynedd
816:Dinefwr
395:Gwynedd
385:Maelgwn
286:Cymaron
253:Cadogan
161:Caradoc
150:Fferyll
126:History
77:cantref
39:within
1000:Elfael
891:Ergyng
671:
632:
555:Radnor
508:Edward
478:Dafydd
409:, the
364:Elfael
284:) and
248:Buellt
115:Severn
972:Fadog
938:Powys
907:Gwent
824:Dyfed
772:Welsh
567:Henry
551:Tosny
379:Roger
351:Henry
324:Henry
317:Madog
228:Derby
165:Gwent
101:Powys
85:Wales
863:Rhos
669:ISBN
630:ISBN
607:Ceri
545:Fate
493:Ceri
330:the
292:and
79:and
296:).
111:Wye
91:to
1098::
597::
366:.
122:.
763:e
756:t
749:v
667:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
