4629:
4613:
4518:
3189:
1041:
4316:
362:
4711:
4541:
3792:
4499:
3607:
4386:
63:
3931:) and was a centre of international commercial activities. According to one group of scholars, the Gandharas and Kambojas were cognate people. It is also contended that the Kurus, Kambojas, Gandharas and Bahlikas were cognate people. According to Dr T. L. Shah, the Gandhara and Kamboja were nothing but two provinces of one empire and were located coterminously, hence influencing each other's language. Naturally, they may have once been a cognate people. Gandhara was often linked politically with the neighboring regions of
3773:
5194:
4820:
4277:
8091:
5004:
7509:- Pāradas; Journal of the Department of Sanskrit, 1989, p 50, Rabindra Bharati University, Dept. of Sanskrit- Sanskrit literature; The Journal of Academy of Indian Numismatics & Sigillography, 1988, p 58, Academy of Indian Numismatics and Sigillography - Numismatics; Cf: Rivers of Life: Or Sources and Streams of the Faiths of Man in All Lands, 2002, p. 114, J. G. R. Forlong.
4580:
mountains and in the west by the river Sona. During Buddha's time its boundaries included Anga. Its earliest capital was
Girivraja or Rajagaha (modern Rajgir in the Nalanda district of Bihar). The other names for the city were Magadhapura, Brihadrathapura, Vasumati, Kushagrapura and Bimbisarapuri. It
7518:
Journal of the
Oriental Institute, 1919, p 265, Oriental Institute (Vadodara, India) - Oriental studies; For Kuru-Kamboja connections, see Dr Chandra Chakraberty's views in: Literary history of ancient India in relation to its racial and linguistic affiliations, pp. 14,37, Vedas; The Racial History
4683:
took last meal at Pava. Buddha was taken ill at Pava and died at
Kusinara. It is widely believed that Lord Gautam died at the courtyard of King Sastipal Mall of Kushinagar. Kushinagar is now the centre of the Buddhist pilgrimage circle which is being developed by the tourism development corporation
4649:
works. They were a powerful people dwelling in
Northern India. According to Mahabharata, Panduputra Bhimasena is said to have conquered the chief of the Mallakas in the course of his expedition in Eastern India. During the Buddhist period, the Mallakas Kshatriya were a republican people with their
3842:, son of Aruddha, a descendant of Yayati. The princes of this country are said to have come from the line of Druhyu who was a famous king of the Rigvedic period and one of the five sons of king Yayati of lunar dynasty. The river Indus watered the lands of Gandhara.
4138:, none worthy of the name Kshatriya being left thereafter. This refers to the Kasis, Kosalas, Kurus, Panchalas, Vatsyas and other neo-Vedic tribes of the east Panjab of whom nothing was ever heard except in the legend and poetry. (The Nandas usurped the throne of
4343:). King Prasenajit was highly educated. His position was further improved by a matrimonial alliance with Magadha: his sister was married to Bimbisara and part of Kasi was given as dowry. There was, however, a struggle for supremacy between king
4444:(Indapatta) near modern Delhi which extended seven leagues. At Buddha's time, the Kuru country was ruled by a titular chieftain (king consul) named Korayvya. The Kurus of the Buddhist period did not occupy the same position as they did in the
7504:
Myths of the Dog-man, 199, p. 119, David Gordon White; Journal of the
Oriental Institute, 1919, p 200; Journal of Indian Museums, 1973, p 2, Museums Association of India; The Pāradas: A Study in Their Coinage and History, 1972, p 52, Dr
4125:
In a struggle for supremacy that followed in the 6th/5th century BCE, the growing state of the
Magadhas emerged as the predominant power in ancient India, annexing several of the Janapadas of the Majjhimadesa. A bitter line in the
3981:
of the
Kambojas appear to have crossed the Hindukush and planted colonies on its southern side also. These latter Kambojas are associated with the Daradas and Gandharas in Indian literature and also find mention in the
4215:
bear witness to the superiority of its capital over other cities in India and speak highly of its prosperity and opulence. These stories tell of the long struggle for supremacy between Kashi and the three kingdoms of
7570:, History - 2000, p. 99, (editors) Richard J. A. Talbert) and Ambautai people located to south of Hindukush Mountains (Geography 6.18.3; See map in McCrindle, p. 8). Dr S. Levi has identified Tambyzoi with Kamboja (
3791:
3188:
7813:, Parts I and II., 1955, p. 52, Dr Kashi Prasad Jayaswal - Constitutional history; Prācīna Kamboja, jana aura janapada =: Ancient Kamboja, people and country, 1981, Dr Jiyālāla Kāmboja - Kamboja (Pakistan).
4420:, son of Samvarsana of the Puru lineage, was the eponymous ancestor of the Kurus and the founder of Kururashtra (Kuru Janapada) in Kurukshetra. The country of the Kurus roughly corresponded to the modern
4415:
and also refers to the
Uttarakurus as living beyond the Himalayas. According to the Buddhist text Sumangavilasini, the people of Kururashtra (the Kurus) came from the Uttarakuru. Vayu Purana attests that
4707:. The Mallakas appeared to have formed an alliance with the Licchhavis for self-defense but lost their independence not long after Buddha's death and their dominions were annexed to the Magadhan empire.
4460:. Though a well known monarchical people in the earlier period, the Kurus are known to have switched to a republican form of government during the 6th to 5th centuries BCE. In the 4th century BCE,
3574:. In Maharashtra its capital is located in Potali which corresponds to present day Nandura, Buldhana district. The Ashmakas are also mentioned by Pāṇini. They are placed in the north-west in the
3919:). The Taksashila University was a renowned centre of learning in ancient times, where scholars from all over the world came to seek higher education. Pāṇini, the Indian genius of grammar and
5099:(sixteen) mahājanapadas. The name of this mahājanapada was derived from one of its ruling clans, the Vṛjis. The Vajji state is indicated to have been a republic. This clan is mentioned by
3772:
4910:
4073:
but a large section of the
Kambojas of cis-Hindukush appears to have come under Indian cultural influence. The Kambojas are known to have had both Iranian as well as Indian affinities.
3465:) has a focus on the countries of Madhydesa and of the far east and south only. He omits the nations from Uttarapatha like the Kamboja and Gandhara. The more extended horizon of the
3618:
The country of the
Avantis was an important kingdom of western India and was one of the four great monarchies in India in the post era of Mahavira and Buddha, the other three being
3223:
points to an early stage of land-taking by the Jana people for a settled way of life. This process of settlement on land had completed its final stage prior to the times of the
4209:, bounded by the Varuna and Asi rivers in the north and south which gave Varanasi its name. Before Buddha, Kasi was the most powerful of the sixteen Mahajanapadas. Several
3023:
968:
4106:
monarchy, but "the special rule and the exceptional form of derivative" he gives to denote the ruler of the Kambojas implies that the king of Kamboja was a titular head (
4699:. They are called Vasishthas (Vasetthas) in the Mahapparnibbana Suttanta. The Mallakas originally had a monarchical form of government but later they switched to one of
4411:
family. Kuru was born after 25 generations of Puru's dynasty, and after 15 generations of Kuru, Kauravas and Pandavas were born. Aitareya Brahmana locates the Kurus in
294:
280:
255:
241:
227:
213:
3923:
are the world-renowned products of Taxila University. King Pukkusati or Pushkarasarin of Gandhara in the middle of the 6th century BCE was the contemporary of king
4628:
1040:
4102:'s Edict No. XIII also testifies the presence of the Kambojas along with the Yavanas. Pāṇini's Sutras, though tend to convey that the Kamboja of Pāṇini was a
4612:
3231:. The Pre-Buddhist northern Indian sub-continent was divided into several Janapadas, demarcated from each other by boundaries. In Pāṇini's "Ashtadhyayi",
4244:
during Buddha's time. The Kashis along with the Kosalas and Videhans find mention in Vedic texts and appear to have been a closely allied people. The
2933:
7578:, 1993, p. 122, Dr Sylvain Lévi, Dr Jean Przyluski, Jules Bloch, Asian Educational Services) while land of Ambautai has also been identified by Dr
2993:
963:
4859:. The country was divided into Uttara-Panchala and Dakshina-Panchala. The northern Panchala had its capital at Adhichhatra or Chhatravati (modern
3057:
2963:
953:
6979:
4576:
in the east. The capital city of Pataliputra was bound in the north by the river Ganges, in the east by the river Champa, in the south by the
3584:. The river Godavari separated the country of the Assakas from that of the Mulakas (or Alakas). The country of Assaka lay outside the pale of
2973:
913:
6943:
7280:
4517:
3469:
and the omission of all countries from Uttarapatha "clearly shows that the Bhagvati list is of later origin and therefore less reliable."
6141:
1016:
4847:
The Panchalas occupied the country to the east of the Kurus between the mountains and river Ganges. It roughly corresponded to modern
8283:
7792:
13th Major Rock Edict. Translation by E. Hultzsch (1857-1927). Published in India in 1925. Inscriptions of Asoka p.43. Public Domain.
973:
4448:
but they continued to enjoy their ancient reputation for deep wisdom and sound health. The Kurus had matrimonial relations with the
8268:
3247:) that existed prior to the time of the Buddha. They do not give any connected history except in the case of Magadha. The Buddhist
3243:
people (or the Kshatriya Jana) who had settled therein. Buddhist and other texts only incidentally refer to sixteen great nations (
4797:
literature, the Matsyas are usually associated with the Surasenas. The western Matsya was the hill tract on the north bank of the
6993:
4339:
Later, the kingdom was ruled by the famous king Prasenajit during the era of Mahavira and Buddha, followed by his son Vidudabha (
8278:
8253:
8122:
7086:
8258:
7834:
7096:
7044:
6950:
6922:
4650:
dominion consisting of nine territories corresponding to the nine confederated clans. These republican states were known as
3147:
make frequent reference to sixteen great kingdoms and republics that had developed and flourished in a belt stretching from
5801:
4883:, the Panchals appear to have switched to republican corporation in the 6th and 5th centuries BCE. In the 4th century BCE,
7979:
3090:
8263:
7298:
Political History of Ancient India, 1996, p. 86; History & Culture of Indian People, Age of Imperial Unity, pp. 15–16
6907:
4315:
3050:
2783:
859:
361:
6972:
6929:
5860:
4989:
as the centre of Krishna worship. The Surasena kingdom had lost its independence on annexation by the Magadhan empire.
3692:
The Chedis, Chetis or Chetyas had two distinct settlements of which one was in the mountains of Nepal and the other in
8248:
7936:
7519:
of India, 1944, p. 153, Chandra Chakraberty - Ethnology; Paradise of Gods, 1966, p 330, Qamarud Din Ahmed - Pakistan.
7486:
Revue des etudes grecques 1973, p. 131, Ch-Em Ruelle, Association pour l'encouragement des etudes grecques en France.
7437:
7355:
7328:
5193:
5157:
in the 6th-5th century BCE. He was very powerful, warlike and fond of hunting. Initially king Udayana was opposed to
1260:
5149:). Kausambi was a very prosperous city where a large number of wealthy merchants resided. It was the most important
3346:, mentions twelve Mahajanapadas from the above list and omits four of them (Assaka, Avanti, Gandhara, and Kamboja).
1249:
6936:
5700:
3953:
Kambojas are also included in the Uttarapatha. In ancient literature, the Kamboja is variously associated with the
4710:
62:
7926:
5211:
3876:. Hecataeus of Miletus (549–468) refers to Kaspapyros (Kasyapura or Purushapura, i.e., modern day Peshawar) as a
7426:
Chakrabarti, Dilip Kumar (2000), "Mahajanapada States of Early Historic India", in Hansen, Mogens Herman (ed.),
4634:
City of Kushinagar in the 5th century BCE according to a 1st-century BCE frieze in Sanchi Stupa 1 Southern Gate.
4540:
17:
8095:
6792:
6567:
5971:
3646:
and Buddha, Ujjaini was the capital of integrated Avanti. The country of Avanti roughly corresponded to modern
3043:
1292:
1050:
1009:
3862:. According to Vayu Purana (II.36.107), the Gandharas were destroyed by Pramiti (a.k.a. Kalika) at the end of
6965:
6537:
5806:
5743:
5544:
5430:
3850:, the two cities of this Mahajanapada, are said to have been named after Taksa and Pushkara, the two sons of
2868:
7737:, 1953, p. 49, Dr Peggy Melcher, Dr A. A. McDonnel, Dr Surya Kanta, Dr Jacob Wackernagel, Dr V. S. Agarwala.
6225:
5728:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5424:
4945:. Avantiputra, the king of Surasena, was the first among the chief disciples of Buddha, through whose help
4183:
of the Achaemenid Empire. Cyrus II is said to have destroyed the famous Kamboja city called Kapisi (modern
4110:) only. According to Buddhist texts, the first fourteen of the above Mahajanapadas belong to Majjhimadesa (
3748:
3355:
3193:
3171:
1377:
988:
852:
651:
7412:
Political history of ancient India, from the accession of Parikshit to the extinction of the Gupta dynasty
4355:
became conquered by Magadha. Kosala was ultimately merged into Magadha when Vidudabha was Kosala's ruler.
8273:
7245:
6542:
6037:
5738:
5617:
5603:
5584:
2978:
2848:
7111:
3778:
Coin of Early Gandhara Janapada: AR Shatamana and one-eighth Shatamana (round), Taxila-Gandhara region,
8115:
7528:
Ancient India, History of India for 1000 years, four Volumes, Vol I, 1938, pp. 38, 98 by Dr T. L. Shah.
5880:
5838:
5438:
4949:
gained ground in Mathura country. The Andhakas and Vrishnis of Mathura/Surasena are referred to in the
3028:
893:
427:
397:
371:
6582:
6547:
6220:
5524:
3106:
2998:
2958:
2948:
2423:
2017:
1366:
1238:
1002:
978:
908:
903:
449:
341:
218:
104:
4155:
The Kambojans and Gandharans, however, never came into direct contact with the Magadhan state until
7762:
6842:
6732:
6552:
6083:
5915:
5866:
5762:
5564:
5519:
5514:
5434:
3732:
2883:
1797:
1637:
840:
625:
4498:
3461:
3371:
7382:"Home of Jainism after the Fall of Magadhan Empire and history of Shrimal Nagar-"Vayam Shrimali""
6737:
6464:
5574:
5569:
5559:
5203:
5073:
5014:
3744:
3516:. It was also a great center of trade and commerce and its merchants regularly sailed to distant
2988:
2953:
2788:
2568:
2117:
1669:
1598:
983:
898:
686:
475:
5161:, but later became a follower of Buddha and made Buddhism the state religion. Udayana's mother,
4675:– had become very important at the time of Buddha. Kuśināra is very important in the history of
3720:, was the capital of Chedi. The Chedis were an ancient people of India and are mentioned in the
8243:
8157:
7984:
6727:
6699:
6483:
6385:
6151:
5997:
5621:
5459:
5351:
5290:
5245:
5185:
5177:
4942:
4586:
3900:
3601:
2903:
2878:
2828:
2768:
2353:
2289:
2087:
1303:
1178:
715:
7888:
7871:
7345:
7318:
7123:
J.M. Kenoyer (2006), "Cultures and Societies of the Indus Tradition. In Historical Roots", in
7112:
16 Mahajanapadas - Sixteen Mahajanapadas, 16 Maha Janapadas India, Maha Janapada Ancient India
4805:
region. The Matsyas had not much political importance of their own during the time of Buddha.
4200:
3712:. In the mediaeval period, the southern frontiers of Chedi extended to the banks of the river
3281:
8108:
7913:
7539:"In a wider sense, name Gandhara implied all the countries west of Indus as far as Candhahar"
7034:
6874:
6703:
5611:
5607:
5592:
5588:
2938:
2908:
2773:
2728:
2558:
2197:
2187:
2157:
1889:
1869:
1730:
1099:
1061:
943:
928:
918:
807:
8167:
3764:
3276:
7285:
1968, p lxv, Dr Ramesh Chandra Majumdar, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bhāratīya Itihāsa Samiti;
6820:
6785:
6098:
5781:
5733:
5670:
5640:
5598:
5578:
5442:
5296:
4852:
3752:
3740:
3606:
3566:
mountains). The capital of the Assakas was Potana or Potali, which corresponds present-day
3018:
2873:
2858:
2803:
2444:
7735:
Geogrammatical Dictionary of Sanskrit (Vedic): 700 Complete Revisions of the Best Books...
5966:
3880:
city. According to Gandhara Jataka, at one time, Gandhara formed a part of the kingdom of
3868:. Pāṇini mentioned both the Vedic form Gandhari as well as the later form Gandhara in his
8:
8172:
7410:
6093:
6088:
5984:
5908:
5873:
5796:
5786:
5645:
5346:
5341:
5310:
5018:
4385:
4156:
3160:
2798:
2526:
2373:
2067:
2047:
1459:
1407:
748:
668:
657:
531:
519:
3998:'s Geography distinctly supports two Kamboja settlements. The cis-Hindukush region from
6998:
6799:
6750:
6684:
6668:
6293:
5946:
5685:
5371:
5276:
5271:
5030:
4860:
4727:
4723:
4651:
4403:
4139:
3851:
3129:
3003:
2863:
2843:
2488:
2097:
2007:
1777:
1767:
1700:
1649:
1355:
1271:
604:
455:
126:
7849:
7453:"Post-Mauryan (Punjab). Taxila (local coinage). Circa 220–185 BC. Æ (17x18mm, 7.71 g)"
8052:
7932:
7830:
7433:
7381:
7351:
7324:
7092:
7088:
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
7040:
7008:
7003:
6813:
6779:
6771:
6715:
6709:
6691:
6662:
6641:
6627:
6619:
6389:
6250:
6190:
6172:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6070:
6065:
5894:
5757:
5406:
5399:
5392:
5378:
5364:
5324:
5303:
5240:
5232:
5061:
4864:
4700:
3834:
war. The Gandharas were furious people, well-trained in the art of war. According to
3013:
2983:
2893:
2888:
2833:
2778:
2608:
2498:
2477:
2433:
2403:
2107:
2037:
2027:
1997:
1479:
1441:
1321:
1073:
938:
933:
865:
813:
663:
593:
386:
287:
4288:
The country of Kosala was located to the north-west of Magadha, with its capital at
7452:
6807:
6757:
6574:
6380:
6268:
6208:
6185:
6128:
6123:
6060:
6047:
6042:
6032:
5705:
5318:
5266:
5258:
5251:
5053:
5009:
4934:
4782:
4737:
4688:
4352:
4176:
3928:
3362:
for Gandhara, thus listing the Kamboja and the Yona as the only Mahajanapadas from
3248:
3143:
3102:
3008:
2943:
2913:
2898:
2853:
2838:
2823:
2793:
2688:
2383:
2167:
2077:
1956:
1946:
1899:
1828:
1807:
1397:
1387:
1226:
1161:
958:
754:
639:
633:
525:
350:
5165:, is notable for being one of the earliest known female rulers in Indian history.
3170:
Archaeologically, this period has been identified as corresponding in part to the
7824:
7506:
7427:
7013:
6888:
6857:
6852:
6847:
6828:
6764:
6743:
6721:
6306:
6195:
6118:
6027:
5960:
5901:
5767:
5499:
5484:
5474:
5469:
5385:
5357:
4848:
4765:, which separated them from the Panchalas. It roughly corresponded to the former
4493:
4429:
4172:
4131:
4070:
4042:
4007:
3932:
3881:
3455:
3377:
2466:
2455:
2413:
2393:
2311:
2278:
1859:
1787:
1747:
1659:
1619:
1581:
1499:
725:
709:
680:
560:
8162:
5153:
of goods and passengers from the north-west and south. Udayana was the ruler of
3687:
3271:
8217:
8202:
7989:
7592:
The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia: Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity
7579:
6633:
6500:
6375:
5933:
5887:
5855:
5791:
5282:
5022:
4998:
4938:
4766:
4758:
4752:
4680:
4561:
4066:
3736:
3674:
were born and resided there. King Nandivardhana of Avanti was defeated by king
3651:
3611:
3559:
3555:
3543:
3327:
3311:
3266:
3224:
3138:
3101:
The 6th–5th centuries BCE are often regarded as a major turning point in early
2676:
2628:
2322:
2300:
2268:
2246:
2207:
2137:
2127:
1987:
1720:
1530:
1032:
948:
801:
742:
730:
720:
701:
645:
573:
502:
146:
7665:; 1956, p. 384, Association for Asian Studies, Far Eastern Association (U.S.).
7564:
Ancient India as Described by Ptolemy: Being a Translation of the Chapters ...
7137:
India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashṭādhyāyī,
4529:
with his royal cortege issuing from the city of Rajagriha to visit the Buddha.
480:
8237:
8197:
7761:, 1953, p. 49, Dr Vasudeva Sharana Agrawala, Surya Kanta, Jacob Wackernagel,
7759:
A Grammatical Dictionary of Sanskrit (Vedic): 700 Complete Reviews of the ...
7687:
India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashṭādhyāyī
6893:
6357:
6273:
5990:
5848:
5710:
5464:
5138:
5057:
4856:
4798:
4715:
4642:
4602:
4565:
4433:
4305:
4297:
4246:
3713:
3580:
3513:
3422:
3306:
3164:
3086:
2598:
2538:
2363:
1757:
1710:
1690:
1564:
1547:
1509:
1489:
1208:
1198:
1188:
1131:
787:
775:
598:
585:
579:
7495:
Early Indian Economic History, 1973, pp. 237, 324, Rajaram Narayan Saletore.
5680:
5100:
3969:). Ancient Kamboja is known to have comprised regions on either side of the
3228:
8187:
8131:
8021:
6512:
6350:
5824:
5695:
5494:
5489:
5479:
4958:
4888:
4819:
4814:
4770:
4465:
4445:
4441:
4390:
4380:
4301:
4211:
4188:
4168:
4149:
4095:
3885:
3847:
3517:
3342:
3296:
3122:
2718:
2708:
2588:
2578:
2508:
2343:
2333:
2217:
2147:
1929:
1849:
1469:
1333:
1281:
1149:
793:
735:
610:
537:
492:
469:
463:
273:
260:
232:
4548:
of Magadha visits the Bamboo Garden (Venuvana) in Rajagriha; artwork from
3822:. The Gandharas and their king figure prominently as strong allies of the
6488:
6474:
6438:
6146:
4986:
4950:
4922:
4802:
4590:
4489:
4456:
reference to king Dhananjaya, introduced as a prince from the lineage of
4348:
4229:
4081:
3991:
3869:
3831:
3717:
3693:
3635:
3571:
3551:
3493:
3418:
3363:
3105:. During this period, India's first large cities since the demise of the
3079:
2738:
2698:
2658:
2057:
1919:
1909:
846:
819:
673:
328:
5675:
5150:
4407:
7059:
Vikas Nain, "Second Urbanization in the Chronology of Indian History",
6451:
6365:
6243:
6008:
5162:
5133:. The Vatsa or Vamsa country corresponded with the territory of modern
4966:
4692:
4668:
4660:
4619:
4457:
4320:
4241:
4164:
4119:
4077:
4046:
3912:
3675:
3585:
2648:
2548:
2258:
923:
781:
415:
320:
136:
4909:
4622:, city of the Mallakas, circa 500 BCE adapted from a relief at Sanchi.
3747:
has proposed that Suktimati can be identified as the ruins of a large
3666:). Avanti was an important centre of Buddhism and some of the leading
3167:
region, and all had developed prior to the rise of Buddhism in India.
8071:
6654:
6431:
6423:
6416:
6409:
6395:
6263:
5146:
5134:
5130:
4954:
4930:
4884:
4793:) which is said to have been named after its founder king Virata. In
4774:
4696:
4664:
4545:
4522:
4485:
4461:
4368:
4340:
4160:
4135:
4103:
4091:
3970:
3924:
3920:
3864:
3823:
3802:
3751:
city, at a place with the modern-day name Itaha, on the outskirts of
3728:
3705:
3659:
3654:. Both Mahishmati and Ujjaini stood on the southern high road called
3547:
3521:
3240:
2618:
487:
246:
4276:
4038:
traditions refers to this cis-Hindukush branch of ancient Kambojas.
3137:(aristocratic republics), and others had forms of monarchy. Ancient
8212:
8207:
8177:
7747:
Geographical and Economic Studies in the Mahābhārata: Upāyana Parva
7429:
A Comparative Study of Thirty City-state Cultures: An Investigation
6597:
6588:
6479:
6280:
6255:
6159:
5650:
5226:
5158:
5142:
5108:
5104:
5026:
4974:
4965:
or republic. The Vrishnis, Andhakas and other allied tribes of the
4946:
4917:
The country of the Surasenas lay to the east of Matsya and west of
4904:
4868:
4676:
4421:
4344:
4324:
4309:
4206:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4035:
4015:
3999:
3962:
3954:
3948:
3936:
3908:
3896:
3877:
3873:
3815:
3806:
3801:, portrays a tree flanked by a hill surmounted by a crescent and a
3697:
3643:
3501:
3497:
3322:
3317:
3286:
3208:
3183:
3148:
3114:
3082:
2968:
1879:
1344:
1121:
1111:
497:
421:
403:
316:
122:
108:
94:
7562:
Ptolemy's Geography mentions Tambyzoi located in eastern Bactria (
7278:
Lord Mahāvīra and his times, 1974, p 197, Dr Kailash Chand Jain;
4985:. Mathura, the capital of Surasena, was also known at the time of
4879:
was situated in the kingdom of Panchala. Originally a monarchical
4069:
country. The trans-Hindukush branch of the Kambojas remained pure
8192:
6647:
6611:
6604:
6402:
6022:
5655:
4978:
4926:
4582:
4577:
4557:
4534:
4526:
4503:
4481:
4364:
4356:
4289:
4225:
4062:
4011:
4003:
3995:
3966:
3855:
3835:
3827:
3819:
3721:
3663:
3642:(Sanskrit: Ujjayini) was of northern Avanti, but at the times of
3631:
3627:
3563:
3382:
3350:
3301:
3118:
3110:
2177:
1082:
568:
514:
391:
112:
90:
8100:
7588:
Indo-Aryan Controversy: Evidence and Inference in Indian History
4794:
8182:
8152:
8090:
6370:
6324:
5843:
5660:
4918:
4876:
4872:
4840:
4790:
4762:
4719:
4573:
4549:
4537:
was one of the most prominent and prosperous of Mahajanapadas.
4453:
4437:
4398:
4360:
4351:
of Magadha which was finally settled once the confederation of
4332:
4328:
4281:
4271:
4237:
4233:
4217:
4184:
4180:
4127:
4099:
3987:
3983:
3958:
3916:
3904:
3843:
3798:
3701:
3639:
3619:
3567:
3533:
3437:
3291:
3261:
3239:
for its citizenry. Each of these Janapadas was named after the
3156:
1977:
7811:
Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times
5141:. It had a monarchical form of government with its capital at
5003:
4875:
in the Farrukhabad District. The famous city of Kanyakubja or
4761:
or Macchā tribe lay to the south of the Kurus and west of the
3558:'s time, many of the Assakas were located on the banks of the
8222:
7541:(The Tree and Serpent Worship, 2004, p. 47, James Fergusson).
7234:
Anguttara Nikaya: Vol I, p 213, Vol IV, pp 252, 256, 260 etc.
7185:
Tribal Coins of Ancient India, 2007, p xxiv Devendra Handa -
7127:, R. Thapar (ed.), pp. 21–49. New Delhi: National Book Trust.
6469:
6343:
6337:
6319:
5690:
5665:
5154:
5126:
5120:
5069:
5065:
4828:
4778:
4671:, 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Kushinagar) as the
4569:
4425:
4293:
3709:
3678:
of Magadha. Avanti later became part of the Magadhan empire.
3647:
3623:
3509:
3332:
3075:
871:
409:
324:
312:
7725:, 1956, p. 53, Herbert Harold Vreeland, Clifford R. Barnett.
4163:
arose on the scene. But these nations also fell prey to the
4076:
The Kambojas were also a well known republican people since
3927:
of Magadha. Gandhara was located on the northern high road (
8147:
6861:
4880:
4703:(republican union), the members of which called themselves
4646:
4449:
4221:
3978:
3974:
3859:
3505:
3489:
3483:
3359:
3256:
3251:, at several places, gives a list of sixteen great states:
3152:
2638:
86:
27:
Kingdoms in the Indian subcontinent (c. 600 BCE–c. 345 BCE)
7566:
1885, p. 268, John Watson McCrindle - Geography, Ancient;
7061:
International Journal of Academic Research and Development
3592:. At one time, Assaka included Mulaka and abutted Avanti.
3538:
The country of Assaka or the Ashmaka tribe was located in
4205:
The kingdom was located in the region around its capital
4801:. A branch of Matsya is also found in later days in the
4179:. Kamboja and Gandhara formed the twentieth and richest
3508:
Prajnapana ranks Angas and Vangas in the first group of
7928:
Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE
4913:
Silver coin of Surasena mahajanapada (5th century BCE).
4452:, the Bhojas, Trigratas, and the Panchalas. There is a
3630:. Avanti was divided into north and south by the river
3504:
and the Mujavats, apparently as a despised people. The
7317:
Tiwari, Anshuman; Sengupta, Anindya (10 August 2018).
7162:
Socio-economic and Political History of Eastern India,
5052:
was a confederacy of neighbouring clans including the
5031:
4728:
4652:
4589:
was held in Rajagaha in the Vaibhara Hills. Later on,
4085:
3130:
127:
7201:
1972, p 221 Numismatic Society of India - Numismatics
4831:
seated facing on pedestal, holding bifurcated object.
3731:, has not been established with certainty. Historian
7977:
7675:
Balocistān: siyāsī kashmakash, muz̤mirāt va rujḥānāt
7586:, Vol. 5, 1999, issue 1 (September), Dr. M. Witzel;
7036:
The Hindu Equilibrium: India C.1500 B.C. - 2000 A.D.
3977:
country as neighbor to Bahlika, but with time, some
3638:(Mahissati) was the capital of Southern Avanti, and
3542:
or southern India. It included areas in present-day
7432:, Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, p. 387,
3524:. This was the one and only conquest of Bimbisara.
3385:, gives a different list of sixteen Mahajanapadas:
3354:, another ancient text of the Buddhist canon, adds
3121:), which challenged the religious orthodoxy of the
3089:from the sixth to fourth centuries BCE, during the
5145:(identified with the village Kosam, 38 miles from
4667:) as its capital and the second with Pava (modern
4262:respectively. All other ancient texts read Kashi.
4114:) while the last two belong to Uttarapatha or the
4030:(modern Rajori) in the south-west of Kashmir. The
7711:Afghanistan, its People, its Society, its Culture
4823:Coin of the Panchalas of Adhichhatra (75-50 BCE).
4718:defending the city of Kushinagar, as depicted at
3915:). Its later capital was Taksashila (Prakrit for
8235:
7075:Anguttara Nikaya I. p 213; IV. pp 252, 256, 261.
5060:. The area they ruled constitutes the region of
4560:roughly corresponded to the modern districts of
3700:. According to old authorities, Chedis lay near
7890:Dynastic History of Magadha, Cir. 450–1200 A.D.
7873:Dynastic History of Magadha, Cir. 450–1200 A.D.
7590:, 2005, p 257, Laurie L. Patton, Edwin Bryant;
7250:. Calcutta: University of Calcutta. p. 59.
7199:The Journal of the Numismatic Society of India,
4618:Conjectural reconstruction of the main gate of
4098:attestes the Kambojas republican character and
3872:. The Gandhara kingdom sometimes also included
7553:, 1994, p 277, Encyclopedias and Dictionaries.
7316:
5047:
4867:), while southern Panchala had its capital at
3973:. The original Kamboja was located in eastern
3588:. It was located on a southern high road, the
8116:
7568:Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World
7320:Laxminama: Monks, Merchants, Money and Mantra
6973:
3716:. Sotthivatnagara, the Sukti or Suktimati of
3520:. Anga was annexed by Magadha in the time of
3051:
1010:
8016:The History and Culture of the Indian People
7955:, Calcutta: University of Calcutta, pp. 85–6
7689:; 1953, p. 49, Dr Vasudeva Sharana Agrawala.
7408:
7281:The History and Culture of the Indian People
7243:
7091:. Delhi: Pearson Education. pp. 260–4.
4891:also attests the Panchalas as following the
3512:people. It mentions the principal cities of
3128:Two of the Mahājanapadas were most probably
8060:
7582:(Harvard University) with Sanskrit Kamboja
7425:
5129:or Vamsas are called to be a branch of the
4292:. Its territory corresponded to the modern
3109:arose. It was also the time of the rise of
8123:
8109:
7114:. Iloveindia.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
7039:Oxford University Press. p. xxxviii.
6980:
6966:
6944:Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch
5056:and one of the principal mahājanapadas of
5041:
3058:
3044:
1017:
1003:
61:
7968:, Calcutta: University of Calcutta, p.107
7713:, Donal N. Wilber, 1962, pp. 80, 311 etc.
7415:, Calcutta, Univ. of Calcutta, p. 66
4659:. Two of these confederations – one with
4645:are frequently mentioned in Buddhist and
4041:The trans-Hindukush region including the
3838:traditions, this Janapada was founded by
8014:R. C. Majumdar and A. D. Pusalker, eds.
7978:Rohan L. Jayetilleke (5 December 2007).
7924:
5002:
4908:
4818:
4709:
4539:
4516:
4497:
4384:
4314:
4275:
4053:(Bactria) in the west and the Lohas and
3899:traditions included territories of east
3739:believed that it was in the vicinity of
3605:
3472:
3187:
7826:Prof. H.C. Raychaudhuri, as a Historian
7749:, 1945, p. 33, Dr Moti Chandra - India.
7404:
7402:
7347:Ancient Indian History and Civilization
7176:1977, p 18 Mamata Choudhury - Ethnology
7066:(2) (March 2018), pp. 538–542 esp. 539.
6994:Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley
3650:, Nimar and adjoining parts of today's
3496:where they find mention along with the
14:
8236:
8018:. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bombay 1951.
7618:Geographical Data in the Early Puranas
7350:. New Age International. p. 109.
7323:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 307.
7223:Some Ksatriya Tribes of Ancient India,
7164:1977, p 9, Y. K Mishra - Bihar (India)
7150:India; India in the Time of Patañjali,
4175:(558–530 BCE) or in the first year of
8104:
7886:
7869:
7822:
7084:
6951:Indo-European Etymological Dictionary
6923:Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture
4468:also attests the Kurus following the
4312:mountains for its northern boundary.
7829:, Northern Book Centre, p. 28,
7701:, p. 58, W. K. Fraser, M. C. Gillet.
7653:, 1970, p. 107, Dr Ram Chandra Jain.
7576:Pre Aryan and Pre Dravidian in India
7399:
7379:
7078:
5095:I) included Vajji in their lists of
4308:(Narayani) for its eastern, and the
4236:, Kashi was later incorporated into
7584:Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies
7343:
7032:
6908:Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European
5114:
4941:. It had its capital at Madhura or
4401:trace the origin of Kurus from the
3163:. They included parts of the trans-
24:
8008:
7966:Political History of Ancient India
7953:Political History of Ancient India
7925:Olivelle, Patrick (13 July 2006).
7893:Abhinav Publications. p. 128.
7887:Sinha, Bindeshwari Prasad (1977).
7876:Abhinav Publications. p. 128.
7870:Sinha, Bindeshwari Prasad (1977).
7409:Raychaudhuri, Hem Chandra (1923),
7247:Political History of Ancient India
7152:1968, p 68, Dr B. N. Puri - India;
6930:The Horse, the Wheel, and Language
5072:and their capital was the city of
4921:. This corresponds roughly to the
3727:The location of the capital city,
974:List of Inventions and Discoveries
360:
25:
8295:
8130:
8084:
7244:Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972).
4371:were the chief cities of Kosala.
4296:(or Oudh) in Central and Eastern
3724:, with their king Kashu Chaidya.
8284:4th-century BC disestablishments
8089:
7964:Raychaudhuri Hemchandra (1972),
7951:Raychaudhuri Hemchandra (1972),
7677:; 1989, p. 2, Munīr Aḥmad Marrī.
7459:. Classical Numismatic Group Inc
6937:Journal of Indo-European Studies
5701:Bible translations into Armenian
5192:
4961:, the Vrishnis are described as
4627:
4611:
4090:(or Republics) of the Kambojas.
3790:
3771:
1039:
493:Spread of Jainism – Parshvanatha
292:
278:
253:
239:
225:
211:
8269:Iron Age cultures of South Asia
7971:
7958:
7945:
7918:
7912:Asiatic Mythology by J. Hackin
7906:
7897:
7880:
7863:
7854:
7842:
7816:
7804:
7795:
7786:
7777:
7768:
7752:
7740:
7728:
7716:
7704:
7692:
7680:
7668:
7656:
7644:
7632:
7623:
7606:
7597:
7556:
7544:
7531:
7522:
7512:
7498:
7489:
7480:
7471:
7445:
7419:
7373:
7364:
7337:
7310:
7301:
7292:
7272:
7263:
7254:
7237:
7228:
7225:1924, pp 230-253, Dr B. C. Law.
7216:
7204:
7192:
7179:
7167:
7155:
5212:List of Indo-European languages
4855:and the adjoining districts of
4785:. The capital of Matsya was at
4593:became the capital of Magadha.
4440:, the capital of the Kurus was
8046:
8035:. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan.
8028:. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan.
7980:"The Ghositarama of Kaushambi"
7641:, p. 138, Macdonnel, Dr Keith.
7594:, 1995, p. 326, George Erdosy.
7269:Chulla-Niddesa (P.T.S.), p 37.
7142:
7130:
7117:
7105:
7069:
7053:
7026:
5025:, one of the world's earliest
4393:mahajanapada (4th century BCE)
4130:laments that Magadhan emperor
4065:in the north, constituted the
4049:which shared borders with the
3704:midway between the kingdom of
3614:mahajanapada (4th century BCE)
1293:Ochre Coloured Pottery culture
969:Science and Technology History
13:
1:
8279:6th-century BC establishments
8254:Empires and kingdoms of India
7903:Kalpa Sutra; Nirayavali Sutra
7380:Shah, Bipin (February 2014).
7213:2000 Edition, p 648 B. C. Law
7211:A History of Pāli Literature,
7019:
6538:Proto-Indo-European mythology
5807:Paleolithic continuity theory
4507:
4472:(Royal Consul) constitution.
4284:mahajanapada (c. 525–465 BCE)
4142:
3779:
3570:in Telangana and Paudanya of
3197:
2223:
1962:
1935:
1834:
1813:
1736:
1675:
1604:
1587:
1570:
1553:
1536:
1515:
1430:
1413:
1167:
177:
162:
51:
44:
8259:Bronze Age countries in Asia
8026:Ancient India in a new light
7663:The Journal of Asian Studies
7651:Ethnology of Ancient Bhārata
7344:Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999).
7260:Digha Nikaya, Vol II, p 200.
7148:Vasudeva Sharana Agrawala -
6226:Northern Black Polished Ware
5425:Proto-Indo-European language
4895:(king consul) constitution.
4777:, and included the whole of
4304:for its southern, the river
3858:and younger brother of Lord
3358:to the list and substitutes
3194:Northern Black Polished Ware
3172:Northern Black Polished Ware
3159:in the southern part of the
1378:Northern Black Polished Ware
498:Spread of Jainism – Mahavira
67:Map of the 16 Mahājanapadas.
7:
7931:. Oxford University Press.
6543:Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism
5168:
5032:
5007:Ananda Stupa, built by the
4898:
4729:
4653:
4086:
3758:
3488:The first reference to the
3340:Another Buddhist text, the
3177:
3131:
2974:Influence on Southeast Asia
899:Dynasties in Indian History
128:
10:
8300:
8264:Iron Age countries in Asia
7537:James Fergusson observes:
7287:Problems of Ancient India,
5839:Domestication of the horse
5118:
4996:
4902:
4812:
4808:
4750:
4600:
4479:
4475:
4378:
4269:
4198:
3946:
3942:
3762:
3685:
3599:
3531:
3481:
3181:
3096:
1356:Black and Red ware culture
894:Timeline of Indian History
8138:
8056:
8033:Problems of ancient India
7941:– via Google Books.
7801:Ashtadhyayi IV.1.168–175.
7614:Problems of Ancient India
7125:the Making of ‘the Aryan’
6548:Historical Vedic religion
5825:Chalcolithic (Copper Age)
4746:
4265:
4010:sharing borders with the
3895:Gandhara Mahajanapada of
3595:
3527:
3107:Indus Valley civilization
1367:Painted Grey Ware culture
1239:Indus Valley Civilisation
450:Indus Valley Civilization
308:
219:Painted Grey Ware culture
190:
186:
171:
156:
152:
142:
118:
105:Historical Vedic religion
100:
82:
72:
60:
43:
34:
8249:Ancient Indian geography
8039:
7765:, Peggy Melcher - India.
7763:Arthur Anthony Macdonell
7289:2000, p 7, K. D. Sethna.
7174:Tribes of Ancient India,
6553:Ancient Iranian religion
5916:Novotitarovskaya culture
5763:Indo-European migrations
4992:
4596:
4581:was an active center of
4022:country. The capital of
3903:, and north-west of the
3888:also gives another name
3733:Hem Chandra Raychaudhuri
3681:
3662:to Pratishthana (modern
2018:Gurjara-Pratihara Empire
1998:Eastern Chalukya Kingdom
1599:Maha-Megha-Vahana Empire
607:, c. 228 BCE – c. 224 CE
481:Rise of Śramaṇa movement
456:Post Indus Valley Period
400:, c. 7600 – c. 1000 BCE
8141:(c. 600 BCE–c. 300 BCE)
7823:Panda, Harihar (2007),
7085:Singh, Upinder (2008).
6054:Northern/Eastern Steppe
5079:Both the Buddhist text
4724:ancient Indian republic
4687:The Mallakas, like the
4374:
4194:
3745:Dilip Kumar Chakrabarti
3477:
3235:stands for country and
2118:Western Chalukya Empire
1261:Mature Harappan culture
642:, c. 606 CE – c. 647 CE
466:, c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE
460:, c. 1700 – c. 1500 BCE
452:, c. 3300 – c. 1700 BCE
8031:Sethna, K. D. (2000).
7603:MBH VII.4.5; II.27.23.
7551:Encyclopedia Americana
6525:Religion and mythology
6484:Medieval Scandinavians
5775:Alternative and fringe
5048:
5042:
5038:
5017:, which served as the
4981:) is described as the
4914:
4844:
4743:
4587:First Buddhist Council
4585:in ancient times. The
4553:
4530:
4514:
4394:
4347:(Prasenajit) and king
4336:
4285:
3990:. The evidence in the
3818:is referred to in the
3615:
3602:Avanti (Ancient India)
3211:" literally means the
3204:
3024:Science and technology
1408:Three Crowned Kingdoms
1250:Early Harappan culture
1065:(2,500,000–250,000 BC)
964:Paper Currency History
822:, c. 1799 – c. 1849 CE
816:, c. 1760 – c. 1799 CE
810:, c. 1757 – c. 1858 CE
804:, c. 1674 – c. 1818 CE
796:, c. 1576 – c. 1757 CE
472:, c. 1200 – c. 500 BCE
428:South Indian Neolithic
365:
173:• Disestablished
8139:Great Indian Kingdoms
8098:at Wikimedia Commons
7616:, 2000, pp. 5-6; cf:
6875:Indo-European studies
6238:Peoples and societies
5006:
4912:
4822:
4713:
4543:
4520:
4501:
4388:
4318:
4279:
3907:(modern districts of
3609:
3473:List of Mahajanapadas
3191:
3113:movements (including
2927:Specialised histories
2198:Kalachuris of Kalyani
2188:Kalachuris of Tripuri
1870:Western Ganga Kingdom
1798:Indo-Sassanid Kingdom
1748:Western Satrap Empire
1731:Indo-Parthian Kingdom
1721:Indo-Scythian Kingdom
1272:Late Harappan culture
1033:History of South Asia
939:Philosophical History
919:Architectural History
853:Independence Movement
689:, c. 973 – c. 1187 CE
683:, c. 848 – c. 1251 CE
660:, c. 760 – c. 973 CE
364:
83:Common languages
7783:Arthashastra 11/1/4.
7033:Lal, Deepak (2005).
5782:Anatolian hypothesis
5734:Proto-Indo-Europeans
5641:Hittite inscriptions
5186:Indo-European topics
4171:during the reign of
4148:, thus founding the
4032:Kamboja Mahajanapada
3753:Rewa, Madhya Pradesh
3741:Banda, Uttar Pradesh
3658:which extended from
3245:Solasa Mahajanapadas
3213:foothold of a people
3151:in the northwest to
2445:Ahmadnagar Sultanate
2247:Late medieval period
2158:Eastern Ganga Empire
1890:Vishnukundina Empire
989:Wars involving India
862:, 1947 CE – present
687:2nd Chalukya Dynasty
648:, c. 724 – c. 760 CE
613:, c. 240 – c. 550 CE
522:1700 – 682 BCE
458:(Cemetery H Culture)
6038:Multi-cordoned ware
5909:Mikhaylovka culture
5797:Indigenous Aryanism
5787:Armenian hypothesis
5646:Hieroglyphic Luwian
5083:and the Jaina text
4843:, Panchala symbols.
4757:The country of the
4735:) mentioned in the
4691:, are mentioned by
4663:(modern Kasia near
4556:The kingdom of the
4436:. According to the
4300:. It had the river
4232:of Kashi conquered
3161:Indian subcontinent
3091:second urbanisation
2527:Early modern period
2374:Vijayanagara Empire
2354:Chitradurga Kingdom
2048:Bhauma-Kara Kingdom
1460:Shaishunaga dynasty
944:History of Religion
909:Demographic History
874:, 1950 CE – present
841:The Great Rebellion
784:, 1538/40 – 1556 CE
658:Tripartite Struggle
601:, c. 30 – c. 375 CE
532:Shaishunaga Dynasty
520:Brihadratha Dynasty
158:• Established
8274:Indo-Aryan peoples
6999:Indo-Aryan peoples
5618:Proto-Indo-Iranian
5604:Proto-Balto-Slavic
5585:Proto-Italo-Celtic
5039:
4925:of Uttar Pradesh,
4915:
4845:
4744:
4684:of Uttar Pradesh.
4554:
4531:
4515:
4395:
4337:
4323:of Kosala leaving
4286:
4140:Shishunaga dynasty
4084:refers to several
3911:(Purushapura) and
3783: 600–300 BCE
3765:Gandhāra (kingdom)
3616:
3453:The author of the
3205:
3004:Partition of India
2869:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
2817:Regional histories
2762:National histories
2649:Travancore Kingdom
2619:Thondaiman Kingdom
2489:Golkonda Sultanate
2098:Somavamshi Kingdom
2068:Rashtrakuta Empire
2008:Rashidun Caliphate
1930:Kabul Shahi Empire
1778:Nagas of Padmavati
1701:Indo-Greek Kingdom
1641:(230 BC – AD 1206)
1334:Vedic Civilisation
1282:Vedic Civilisation
1179:Ahar-Banas culture
914:Linguistic History
669:Rastrakuta Dynasty
605:Satavahana Dynasty
569:Kingdom of Magadha
548:, c. 600 – 345 BCE
515:Kingdom of Magadha
488:Later Vedic Period
476:Early Vedic period
464:Vedic civilization
366:
8231:
8230:
8094:Media related to
7836:978-81-7211-210-3
7098:978-81-317-1120-0
7046:978-0-19-927579-3
7009:Magadha-Vajji war
7004:Iron Age in India
6990:
6989:
6251:Anatolian peoples
6221:Painted Grey Ware
6109:Nordic Bronze Age
5758:Kurgan hypothesis
5711:Old Irish glosses
5676:Gaulish epigraphy
4893:Rajashabdopajivin
4865:Bareilly district
4781:with portions of
4470:Rajashabdopajivin
4134:exterminated all
3576:Markendeya Purana
3068:
3067:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2746:
2667:
2666:
2569:Thanjavur Kingdom
2517:
2516:
2478:Bijapur Sultanate
2434:Deccan sultanates
2312:Tughlaq Sultanate
2259:Ghaznavid Dynasty
2237:
2236:
2108:Chaulukya Kingdom
2038:Mallabhum kingdom
2028:Umayyad Caliphate
1768:Bharshiva Dynasty
1664:(200 BC – AD 300)
1654:(230 BC – AD 220)
1650:Satavahana Empire
1628:
1627:
1624:(247 BC – AD 224)
1480:Macedonian Empire
1454:(450 BC – AD 489)
1442:Achaemenid Empire
1312:
1311:
1217:
1216:
1140:
1139:
1090:
1089:
1074:Madrasian culture
1027:
1026:
954:Education History
872:Republic of India
866:Dominion of India
860:Independent India
849:, 1858 – 1947 CE
814:Kingdom of Mysore
790:, 1556 – 1857 CE
712:, 1206 – 1526 CE
664:Pratihara dynasty
387:Madrasian culture
334:
333:
304:
303:
300:
299:
288:Achaemenid Empire
266:
265:
16:(Redirected from
8291:
8125:
8118:
8111:
8102:
8101:
8093:
8078:
8077:
8074:
8068:
8065:
8062:
8058:
8050:
8002:
8001:
7999:
7997:
7988:. Archived from
7975:
7969:
7962:
7956:
7949:
7943:
7942:
7922:
7916:
7910:
7904:
7901:
7895:
7894:
7884:
7878:
7877:
7867:
7861:
7858:
7852:
7846:
7840:
7839:
7820:
7814:
7808:
7802:
7799:
7793:
7790:
7784:
7781:
7775:
7772:
7766:
7756:
7750:
7744:
7738:
7732:
7726:
7720:
7714:
7708:
7702:
7696:
7690:
7684:
7678:
7672:
7666:
7660:
7654:
7648:
7642:
7636:
7630:
7627:
7621:
7610:
7604:
7601:
7595:
7572:Indian Antiquary
7560:
7554:
7548:
7542:
7535:
7529:
7526:
7520:
7516:
7510:
7502:
7496:
7493:
7487:
7484:
7478:
7475:
7469:
7468:
7466:
7464:
7457:www.cngcoins.com
7449:
7443:
7442:
7423:
7417:
7416:
7406:
7397:
7396:
7394:
7392:
7377:
7371:
7368:
7362:
7361:
7341:
7335:
7334:
7314:
7308:
7305:
7299:
7296:
7290:
7276:
7270:
7267:
7261:
7258:
7252:
7251:
7241:
7235:
7232:
7226:
7220:
7214:
7208:
7202:
7196:
7190:
7183:
7177:
7171:
7165:
7159:
7153:
7146:
7140:
7134:
7128:
7121:
7115:
7109:
7103:
7102:
7082:
7076:
7073:
7067:
7057:
7051:
7050:
7030:
6982:
6975:
6968:
6823:
6816:
6802:
6795:
6788:
6774:
6767:
6760:
6753:
6746:
6671:
6657:
6650:
6636:
6614:
6607:
6600:
6591:
6426:
6419:
6412:
6405:
6398:
6381:Germanic peoples
6371:Hellenic peoples
6360:
6353:
6346:
6269:Mycenaean Greeks
6258:
6186:Thraco-Cimmerian
6084:Globular Amphora
6061:Abashevo culture
6000:
5993:
5963:
5918:
5911:
5904:
5897:
5890:
5883:
5876:
5869:
5706:Tocharian script
5409:
5402:
5395:
5388:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5360:
5327:
5313:
5306:
5299:
5285:
5261:
5254:
5235:
5196:
5173:
5172:
5115:Vatsa (or Vaṃsa)
5081:Anguttara Nikaya
5051:
5045:
5035:
4935:Gwalior district
4738:Anguttara Nikaya
4732:
4656:
4631:
4615:
4512:
4509:
4280:Silver coins of
4228:. Although King
4147:
4144:
4089:
4018:constituted the
4006:in southwest of
3814:The wool of the
3794:
3784:
3781:
3775:
3749:early historical
3743:. Archaeologist
3492:is found in the
3462:Vyākhyāprajñapti
3372:Vyākhyāprajñapti
3249:Anguttara Nikaya
3219:is derived from
3215:. The fact that
3202:
3199:
3144:Anguttara Nikaya
3134:
3085:that existed in
3060:
3053:
3046:
3009:Pakistan studies
2849:Himachal Pradesh
2689:Portuguese India
2685:
2684:
2681:
2639:Sikh Confederacy
2535:
2534:
2531:
2384:Bengal Sultanate
2323:Sayyid Sultanate
2301:Khalji Sultanate
2290:Mamluk Sultanate
2255:
2254:
2251:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2168:Kakatiya Kingdom
2078:Paramara Kingdom
1971:
1967:
1964:
1940:
1937:
1880:Kamarupa Kingdom
1843:
1839:
1836:
1829:Kalabhras Empire
1822:
1818:
1815:
1741:
1738:
1725:(50 BC – AD 400)
1705:(180 BC – AD 10)
1684:
1680:
1677:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1592:
1589:
1575:
1572:
1558:
1555:
1541:
1538:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1435:
1432:
1418:
1415:
1398:Haryanka dynasty
1388:Pradyota dynasty
1330:
1329:
1326:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1172:
1169:
1162:Anarta tradition
1158:
1157:
1154:
1122:Mehrgarh culture
1112:Bhirrana culture
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:(10,800–3300 BC)
1070:
1069:
1066:
1056:
1055:
1043:
1029:
1028:
1019:
1012:
1005:
979:Military History
934:Literary History
904:Economic History
888:Related articles
868:, 1947 – 1950 CE
843:, 1857 – 1858 CE
778:, 1526 – 1540 CE
757:, 1342 – 1576 CE
755:Bengal Sultanate
751:, 1336 – 1646 CE
745:, 1251 – 1618 CE
646:Karakota Dynasty
640:Harsha's Dynasty
634:Chalukya Dynasty
526:Haryanka Dynasty
503:Rise of Buddhism
394:, c. 500,000 BCE
354:
336:
335:
296:
295:
282:
281:
270:
269:
257:
256:
243:
242:
229:
228:
215:
214:
208:
207:
192:
191:
182:
179:
167:
164:
131:
65:
56:
53:
49:
46:
32:
31:
21:
8299:
8298:
8294:
8293:
8292:
8290:
8289:
8288:
8234:
8233:
8232:
8227:
8203:Maccha (Matsya)
8153:Asmaka (Assaka)
8140:
8134:
8129:
8087:
8082:
8081:
8075:
8069:
8066:
8063:
8051:
8047:
8042:
8011:
8009:Further reading
8006:
8005:
7995:
7993:
7976:
7972:
7963:
7959:
7950:
7946:
7939:
7923:
7919:
7911:
7907:
7902:
7898:
7885:
7881:
7868:
7864:
7859:
7855:
7847:
7843:
7837:
7821:
7817:
7809:
7805:
7800:
7796:
7791:
7787:
7782:
7778:
7773:
7769:
7757:
7753:
7745:
7741:
7733:
7729:
7721:
7717:
7709:
7705:
7697:
7693:
7685:
7681:
7673:
7669:
7661:
7657:
7649:
7645:
7637:
7633:
7628:
7624:
7611:
7607:
7602:
7598:
7574:, 1923, p. 54;
7561:
7557:
7549:
7545:
7536:
7532:
7527:
7523:
7517:
7513:
7507:B. N. Mukherjee
7503:
7499:
7494:
7490:
7485:
7481:
7476:
7472:
7462:
7460:
7451:
7450:
7446:
7440:
7424:
7420:
7407:
7400:
7390:
7388:
7378:
7374:
7369:
7365:
7358:
7342:
7338:
7331:
7315:
7311:
7306:
7302:
7297:
7293:
7277:
7273:
7268:
7264:
7259:
7255:
7242:
7238:
7233:
7229:
7221:
7217:
7209:
7205:
7197:
7193:
7184:
7180:
7172:
7168:
7160:
7156:
7147:
7143:
7135:
7131:
7122:
7118:
7110:
7106:
7099:
7083:
7079:
7074:
7070:
7058:
7054:
7047:
7031:
7027:
7022:
7014:Rigvedic tribes
6986:
6957:
6956:
6889:Marija Gimbutas
6877:
6867:
6866:
6858:Winter solstice
6848:Horse sacrifice
6819:
6812:
6798:
6791:
6784:
6770:
6763:
6756:
6749:
6742:
6695:
6680:
6667:
6653:
6646:
6632:
6623:
6610:
6603:
6596:
6587:
6578:
6557:
6526:
6518:
6517:
6460:
6447:
6422:
6415:
6408:
6401:
6394:
6356:
6349:
6342:
6333:
6315:
6302:
6289:
6260:
6254:
6239:
6231:
6230:
6204:
6181:
6168:
6156:
6137:
6079:
6056:
6018:
6011:
6005:
5996:
5989:
5980:
5978:Northern Europe
5959:
5955:
5942:
5929:
5914:
5907:
5900:
5893:
5886:
5879:
5872:
5865:
5861:Steppe cultures
5834:
5827:
5820:
5812:
5811:
5802:Baltic homeland
5776:
5772:
5768:Eurasian nomads
5752:
5748:
5724:
5716:
5715:
5686:Runic epigraphy
5681:Latin epigraphy
5636:
5628:
5627:
5565:Proto-Anatolian
5549:
5504:
5500:Thraco-Illyrian
5485:Graeco-Phrygian
5475:Graeco-Armenian
5470:Graeco-Albanian
5449:
5427:
5414:
5405:
5398:
5391:
5384:
5377:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5323:
5309:
5302:
5295:
5281:
5257:
5250:
5231:
5216:
5208:
5206:
5171:
5163:Queen Mrigavati
5123:
5117:
5085:Bhagavati Sutra
5001:
4995:
4907:
4901:
4832:
4824:
4817:
4811:
4755:
4749:
4742:
4722:. Malla was an
4639:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4632:
4624:
4623:
4616:
4605:
4599:
4510:
4502:Silver coin of
4496:
4494:Greater Magadha
4480:Main articles:
4478:
4430:Meerut district
4389:Silver coin of
4383:
4377:
4274:
4268:
4254:spell Kashi as
4203:
4197:
4145:
4132:Mahapadma Nanda
3951:
3945:
3810:
3795:
3786:
3782:
3776:
3767:
3761:
3690:
3684:
3610:Silver coin of
3604:
3598:
3536:
3530:
3486:
3480:
3475:
3456:Bhagavati Sutra
3451:
3378:Bhagavati Sutra
3338:
3200:
3192:Pottery of the
3186:
3180:
3155:in the east to
3099:
3064:
3035:
3034:
3033:
2928:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2818:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2763:
2755:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2682:
2679:
2677:Colonial states
2669:
2668:
2559:Madurai Kingdom
2532:
2529:
2519:
2518:
2467:Bidar Sultanate
2456:Berar sultanate
2424:Ladakh Kingdom
2414:Gajapati Empire
2394:Garhwal Kingdom
2279:Delhi Sultanate
2252:
2249:
2239:
2238:
2230:
2226:
2208:Chutiya Kingdom
2178:Zamorin Kingdom
1969:
1965:
1957:Maukhari Empire
1947:Chalukya Empire
1938:
1900:Maitraka Empire
1841:
1837:
1820:
1816:
1808:Vakataka Empire
1788:Sasanian Empire
1739:
1682:
1678:
1660:Kuninda Kingdom
1643:
1640:
1638:Middle Kingdoms
1630:
1629:
1620:Parthian Empire
1611:
1607:
1590:
1573:
1556:
1539:
1522:
1518:
1433:
1416:
1327:
1324:
1314:
1313:
1232:
1229:
1219:
1218:
1170:
1155:
1152:
1142:
1141:
1132:Edakkal culture
1105:
1102:
1092:
1091:
1083:Soanian culture
1067:
1064:
1053:
1023:
994:
993:
959:Coinage History
949:Musical History
889:
881:
880:
879:
835:
827:
826:
825:
770:
762:
761:
760:
710:Delhi Sultanate
704:
694:
693:
692:
628:
618:
617:
616:
576:, 322 – 185 BCE
563:
553:
552:
551:
540:, 345 – 322 BCE
457:
445:
437:
436:
435:
430:3000 – 1000 BCE
424:7000 – 2600 BCE
406:7570 – 6200 BCE
381:
352:
345:
327:
323:
319:
315:
293:
279:
254:
240:
226:
212:
180:
174:
165:
159:
135:
111:
107:
68:
54:
47:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8297:
8287:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8229:
8228:
8226:
8225:
8220:
8215:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8195:
8190:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8165:
8160:
8155:
8150:
8144:
8142:
8136:
8135:
8128:
8127:
8120:
8113:
8105:
8086:
8085:External links
8083:
8080:
8079:
8044:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8037:
8036:
8029:
8019:
8010:
8007:
8004:
8003:
7992:on 4 June 2011
7970:
7957:
7944:
7937:
7917:
7905:
7896:
7879:
7862:
7853:
7841:
7835:
7815:
7803:
7794:
7785:
7776:
7767:
7751:
7739:
7727:
7715:
7703:
7691:
7679:
7667:
7655:
7643:
7631:
7622:
7605:
7596:
7580:Michael Witzel
7555:
7543:
7530:
7521:
7511:
7497:
7488:
7479:
7477:Jataka No 406.
7470:
7444:
7438:
7418:
7398:
7372:
7370:Dr Bhandarkaar
7363:
7356:
7336:
7329:
7309:
7300:
7291:
7271:
7262:
7253:
7236:
7227:
7215:
7203:
7191:
7178:
7166:
7154:
7141:
7129:
7116:
7104:
7097:
7077:
7068:
7052:
7045:
7024:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7017:
7016:
7011:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6988:
6987:
6985:
6984:
6977:
6970:
6962:
6959:
6958:
6955:
6954:
6947:
6940:
6933:
6926:
6918:
6917:
6911:
6910:
6904:
6903:
6897:
6896:
6891:
6885:
6884:
6878:
6873:
6872:
6869:
6868:
6865:
6864:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6843:Fire sacrifice
6839:
6838:
6832:
6831:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6817:
6805:
6804:
6803:
6796:
6789:
6777:
6776:
6775:
6768:
6761:
6754:
6747:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6688:
6687:
6675:
6674:
6673:
6672:
6660:
6659:
6658:
6651:
6639:
6638:
6637:
6634:Zoroastrianism
6616:
6615:
6608:
6601:
6594:
6593:
6592:
6571:
6570:
6564:
6563:
6556:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6534:
6533:
6527:
6524:
6523:
6520:
6519:
6516:
6515:
6504:
6503:
6501:Medieval India
6492:
6491:
6486:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6455:
6454:
6442:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6429:
6428:
6427:
6420:
6413:
6406:
6399:
6383:
6378:
6376:Italic peoples
6373:
6368:
6363:
6362:
6361:
6354:
6347:
6328:
6327:
6322:
6310:
6309:
6297:
6296:
6284:
6283:
6277:
6276:
6271:
6266:
6261:
6247:
6246:
6240:
6237:
6236:
6233:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6223:
6212:
6211:
6199:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6176:
6175:
6163:
6162:
6155:
6154:
6152:Gandhara grave
6149:
6144:
6132:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6074:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6051:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6013:
6012:
6004:
6003:
6002:
6001:
5998:Middle Dnieper
5994:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5953:Eastern Europe
5950:
5949:
5937:
5936:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5919:
5912:
5898:
5891:
5884:
5881:Dnieper–Donets
5877:
5870:
5858:
5856:Kurgan culture
5853:
5852:
5851:
5841:
5829:
5828:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5814:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5792:Beech argument
5789:
5784:
5778:
5777:
5771:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5754:
5753:
5747:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5725:
5722:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5714:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5637:
5634:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5615:
5601:
5596:
5582:
5575:Proto-Germanic
5572:
5570:Proto-Armenian
5567:
5562:
5560:Proto-Albanian
5556:
5555:
5548:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5503:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5456:
5455:
5448:
5447:
5446:
5445:
5421:
5420:
5413:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5403:
5396:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5368:
5361:
5349:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5331:
5330:
5329:
5328:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5307:
5300:
5288:
5287:
5286:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5263:
5262:
5255:
5243:
5238:
5237:
5236:
5223:
5222:
5215:
5214:
5207:
5202:
5201:
5198:
5197:
5189:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5170:
5167:
5119:Main article:
5116:
5113:
5023:Vajjika League
4999:Vajjika League
4997:Main article:
4994:
4991:
4953:of Pāṇini. In
4939:Madhya Pradesh
4903:Main article:
4900:
4897:
4813:Main article:
4810:
4807:
4767:princely state
4753:Matsya (tribe)
4751:Main article:
4748:
4745:
4714:
4633:
4626:
4625:
4617:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4601:Main article:
4598:
4595:
4511: 350 BCE
4506:mahajanapada (
4477:
4474:
4379:Main article:
4376:
4373:
4319:Procession of
4270:Main article:
4267:
4264:
4201:Kāśī (kingdom)
4199:Main article:
4196:
4193:
4146: 345 BCE
4067:Parama-Kamboja
3947:Main article:
3944:
3941:
3892:for Gandhara.
3854:, a prince of
3812:
3811:
3796:
3789:
3787:
3777:
3770:
3763:Main article:
3760:
3757:
3737:F. E. Pargiter
3686:Main article:
3683:
3680:
3652:Madhya Pradesh
3600:Main article:
3597:
3594:
3562:(south of the
3560:Godavari River
3556:Gautama Buddha
3544:Andhra Pradesh
3532:Main article:
3529:
3526:
3482:Main article:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3381:), a sutra of
3351:Chulla-Niddesa
3337:
3336:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3253:
3182:Main article:
3179:
3176:
3139:Buddhist texts
3103:Indian history
3098:
3095:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2683:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2629:Maratha Empire
2625:
2624:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2609:Sikkim Kingdom
2605:
2604:
2601:
2599:Marava Kingdom
2595:
2594:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2533:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2501:
2499:Keladi Kingdom
2495:
2494:
2491:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2404:Mysore Kingdom
2400:
2399:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2334:Lodi Sultanate
2329:
2328:
2325:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2296:
2295:
2292:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2269:Ghurid Dynasty
2265:
2264:
2261:
2253:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2138:Hoysala Empire
2134:
2133:
2130:
2128:Lohara Kingdom
2124:
2123:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1988:Tibetan Empire
1984:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1860:Kadamba Empire
1856:
1855:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1584:
1582:Pallava Empire
1578:
1577:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1500:Seleucid India
1496:
1495:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1427:
1425:Maha Janapadas
1421:
1420:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1362:
1361:
1360:(1300–1000 BC)
1358:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1328:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1299:
1298:
1297:(2000–1600 BC)
1295:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1276:(1900–1300 BC)
1274:
1267:
1266:
1265:(2600–1900 BC)
1263:
1256:
1255:
1254:(3300–2600 BC)
1252:
1245:
1244:
1243:(3300–1300 BC)
1241:
1233:
1230:(3300–1300 BC)
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1203:(1600–1300 BC)
1201:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1183:(3000–1500 BC)
1181:
1175:
1174:
1164:
1156:
1153:(3500–1500 BC)
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1137:
1136:(5000–3000 BC)
1134:
1128:
1127:
1126:(7000–3300 BC)
1124:
1118:
1117:
1116:(7570–6200 BC)
1114:
1106:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1068:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1036:
1035:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1007:
999:
996:
995:
992:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
890:
887:
886:
883:
882:
878:
877:
876:
875:
869:
857:
856:
855:
844:
837:
836:
833:
832:
829:
828:
824:
823:
817:
811:
805:
802:Maratha Empire
799:
798:
797:
788:Mughal Dynasty
785:
779:
776:Mughal Dynasty
772:
771:
768:
767:
764:
763:
759:
758:
752:
746:
743:Pandyan Empire
740:
739:
738:
733:
731:Sayyid Dynasty
728:
726:Tugluq Dynasty
723:
721:Khalji Dynasty
718:
716:Mamluk Dynasty
706:
705:
700:
699:
696:
695:
691:
690:
684:
678:
677:
676:
671:
666:
655:
649:
643:
637:
636:, 543 – 753 CE
630:
629:
626:Early medieval
624:
623:
620:
619:
615:
614:
608:
602:
599:Kushan Dynasty
596:
591:
590:
589:
583:
582:, 185 – 73 BCE
580:Shunga Dynasty
577:
574:Maurya Dynasty
565:
564:
559:
558:
555:
554:
550:
549:
543:
542:
541:
535:
529:
523:
511:
510:
509:
508:
507:
506:
505:
500:
495:
485:
484:
483:
473:
461:
453:
446:
443:
442:
439:
438:
434:
433:
432:
431:
425:
419:
413:
407:
395:
389:
383:
382:
379:
378:
375:
374:
368:
367:
357:
356:
347:
346:
339:
332:
331:
310:
306:
305:
302:
301:
298:
297:
290:
284:
283:
276:
267:
264:
263:
258:
250:
249:
244:
236:
235:
230:
222:
221:
216:
204:
203:
198:
188:
187:
184:
183:
181: 345 BCE
175:
172:
169:
168:
166: 600 BCE
160:
157:
154:
153:
150:
149:
144:
143:Historical era
140:
139:
120:
116:
115:
102:
98:
97:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
66:
58:
57:
55: 345 BCE
48: 600 BCE
41:
40:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8296:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8257:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8244:Mahajanapadas
8242:
8241:
8239:
8224:
8223:Vatsa (Vamsa)
8221:
8219:
8216:
8214:
8211:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8196:
8194:
8191:
8189:
8186:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8145:
8143:
8137:
8133:
8132:Mahajanapadas
8126:
8121:
8119:
8114:
8112:
8107:
8106:
8103:
8099:
8097:
8096:Mahajanapadas
8092:
8073:
8054:
8049:
8045:
8034:
8030:
8027:
8023:
8022:Sethna, K. D.
8020:
8017:
8013:
8012:
7991:
7987:
7986:
7981:
7974:
7967:
7961:
7954:
7948:
7940:
7938:9780199775071
7934:
7930:
7929:
7921:
7915:
7909:
7900:
7892:
7891:
7883:
7875:
7874:
7866:
7857:
7851:
7845:
7838:
7832:
7828:
7827:
7819:
7812:
7807:
7798:
7789:
7780:
7771:
7764:
7760:
7755:
7748:
7743:
7736:
7731:
7724:
7719:
7712:
7707:
7700:
7695:
7688:
7683:
7676:
7671:
7664:
7659:
7652:
7647:
7640:
7639:Vedic Index I
7635:
7629:MBH II.27.27.
7626:
7619:
7615:
7609:
7600:
7593:
7589:
7585:
7581:
7577:
7573:
7569:
7565:
7559:
7552:
7547:
7540:
7534:
7525:
7515:
7508:
7501:
7492:
7483:
7474:
7458:
7454:
7448:
7441:
7439:9788778761774
7435:
7431:
7430:
7422:
7414:
7413:
7405:
7403:
7387:
7383:
7376:
7367:
7359:
7357:9788122411980
7353:
7349:
7348:
7340:
7332:
7330:9789387146808
7326:
7322:
7321:
7313:
7304:
7295:
7288:
7284:
7282:
7275:
7266:
7257:
7249:
7248:
7240:
7231:
7224:
7219:
7212:
7207:
7200:
7195:
7188:
7182:
7175:
7170:
7163:
7158:
7151:
7145:
7138:
7133:
7126:
7120:
7113:
7108:
7100:
7094:
7090:
7089:
7081:
7072:
7065:
7062:
7056:
7048:
7042:
7038:
7037:
7029:
7025:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6991:
6983:
6978:
6976:
6971:
6969:
6964:
6963:
6961:
6960:
6953:
6952:
6948:
6946:
6945:
6941:
6939:
6938:
6934:
6932:
6931:
6927:
6925:
6924:
6920:
6919:
6916:
6913:
6912:
6909:
6906:
6905:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6895:
6894:J. P. Mallory
6892:
6890:
6887:
6886:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6876:
6871:
6870:
6863:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6840:
6837:
6834:
6833:
6830:
6827:
6822:
6818:
6815:
6811:
6810:
6809:
6806:
6801:
6797:
6794:
6790:
6787:
6783:
6782:
6781:
6778:
6773:
6769:
6766:
6762:
6759:
6755:
6752:
6748:
6745:
6741:
6740:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6723:
6720:
6717:
6714:
6711:
6708:
6705:
6701:
6698:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6693:
6686:
6683:
6682:
6681:
6679:
6670:
6666:
6665:
6664:
6661:
6656:
6652:
6649:
6645:
6644:
6643:
6640:
6635:
6631:
6630:
6629:
6626:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6621:
6613:
6609:
6606:
6602:
6599:
6595:
6590:
6586:
6585:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6579:
6577:
6576:
6569:
6566:
6565:
6562:
6559:
6558:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6535:
6532:
6531:Reconstructed
6529:
6528:
6522:
6521:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6508:
6502:
6499:
6498:
6497:
6496:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6462:
6461:
6459:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6448:
6446:
6440:
6437:
6436:
6433:
6430:
6425:
6421:
6418:
6414:
6411:
6407:
6404:
6400:
6397:
6393:
6392:
6391:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6359:
6358:Insular Celts
6355:
6352:
6348:
6345:
6341:
6340:
6339:
6336:
6335:
6334:
6332:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6295:
6292:
6291:
6290:
6288:
6282:
6279:
6278:
6275:
6274:Indo-Iranians
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6249:
6248:
6245:
6242:
6241:
6235:
6234:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6183:
6182:
6180:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6161:
6158:
6157:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6078:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6019:
6017:
6016:Pontic Steppe
6010:
6007:
6006:
5999:
5995:
5992:
5988:
5987:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5981:
5979:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5958:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5948:
5945:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5935:
5932:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5917:
5913:
5910:
5906:
5905:
5903:
5899:
5896:
5892:
5889:
5885:
5882:
5878:
5875:
5871:
5868:
5864:
5863:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5850:
5849:Kurgan stelae
5847:
5846:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5832:Pontic Steppe
5826:
5823:
5822:
5816:
5815:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5773:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5755:
5750:
5749:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5720:
5719:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5632:
5631:
5623:
5622:Proto-Iranian
5619:
5616:
5613:
5609:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5594:
5590:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5554:
5551:
5550:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5465:Daco-Thracian
5463:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5422:
5419:
5418:Reconstructed
5416:
5415:
5408:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5362:
5359:
5355:
5354:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5336:
5333:
5332:
5326:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5317:
5312:
5308:
5305:
5301:
5298:
5294:
5293:
5292:
5289:
5284:
5280:
5279:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5260:
5256:
5253:
5249:
5248:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5234:
5230:
5229:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5213:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5200:
5199:
5195:
5191:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5174:
5166:
5164:
5160:
5156:
5152:
5148:
5144:
5140:
5139:Uttar Pradesh
5136:
5132:
5128:
5122:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5077:
5075:
5071:
5068:and northern
5067:
5063:
5059:
5058:Ancient India
5055:
5050:
5044:
5036:
5034:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5011:
5005:
5000:
4990:
4988:
4984:
4983:sangha-mukhya
4980:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4920:
4911:
4906:
4896:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4857:Uttar Pradesh
4854:
4850:
4842:
4838:
4835:
4830:
4827:
4821:
4816:
4806:
4804:
4803:Visakhapatnam
4800:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4754:
4740:
4739:
4734:
4731:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4712:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4685:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4648:
4644:
4630:
4621:
4614:
4604:
4603:Malla (tribe)
4594:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4579:
4575:
4572:and parts of
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4551:
4547:
4542:
4538:
4536:
4528:
4524:
4519:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4473:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4439:
4435:
4434:Uttar Pradesh
4431:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4414:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4400:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4317:
4313:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4299:
4298:Uttar Pradesh
4295:
4291:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4248:
4247:Matsya Purana
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4202:
4192:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4153:
4151:
4141:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4079:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4026:was probably
4025:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3950:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3793:
3788:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3725:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3689:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3656:Dakshinapatha
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3634:. Initially,
3633:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3593:
3591:
3590:Dakshinapatha
3587:
3583:
3582:
3581:Brhat Samhita
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3540:Dakshinapatha
3535:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3514:ancient India
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3485:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3457:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3428:Bajji (Vajji)
3427:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3393:Banga (Vanga)
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3175:
3173:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3087:ancient India
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:were sixteen
3073:
3072:Mahājanapadas
3061:
3056:
3054:
3049:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2923:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2884:Uttar Pradesh
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2814:
2813:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2759:
2758:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2678:
2673:
2672:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2540:
2539:Mughal Empire
2537:
2536:
2528:
2523:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2365:
2364:Reddy Kingdom
2362:
2361:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2248:
2243:
2242:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2088:Yadava Empire
2086:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1979:
1978:Harsha Empire
1976:
1975:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1758:Kushan Empire
1756:
1755:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1692:
1691:Shunga Empire
1689:
1688:
1673:
1671:
1670:Mitra Dynasty
1668:
1667:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1639:
1634:
1633:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1612: AD 500
1608: 250 BC
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1591: 250 AD
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1574: 300 BC
1568:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1557: 300 BC
1551:
1549:
1548:Chera Kingdom
1546:
1545:
1540: 300 BC
1534:
1532:
1531:Pandya Empire
1529:
1528:
1523: 300 AD
1519: 300 BC
1513:
1511:
1510:Sangam period
1508:
1507:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1491:
1490:Maurya Empire
1488:
1487:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1417: 600 BC
1411:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1371:(1200–600 BC)
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1349:(1500–600 BC)
1348:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1338:(1500–500 BC)
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1325:(1500–200 BC)
1323:
1318:
1317:
1308:(1600–500 BC)
1307:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:(2000–500 BC)
1285:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1213:(1400–700 BC)
1212:
1210:
1209:Jorwe culture
1207:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1199:Malwa culture
1197:
1196:
1193:(1600–750 BC)
1192:
1190:
1189:Pandu culture
1187:
1186:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1151:
1146:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
990:
987:
985:
984:Naval History
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
891:
885:
884:
873:
870:
867:
864:
863:
861:
858:
854:
851:
850:
848:
845:
842:
839:
838:
831:
830:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
795:
792:
791:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
773:
766:
765:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
737:
736:Lodhi Dynasty
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
711:
708:
707:
703:
702:Late medieval
698:
697:
688:
685:
682:
681:Chola Dynasty
679:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
661:
659:
656:
653:
652:Arab Invasion
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
631:
627:
622:
621:
612:
611:Gupta Dynasty
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
595:
594:Sangam period
592:
588:, 73 – 28 BCE
587:
586:Kanva Dynasty
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
571:
570:
567:
566:
562:
557:
556:
547:
546:Mahajanapadas
544:
539:
538:Nanda Dynasty
536:
534:413 – 345 BCE
533:
530:
528:544 – 413 BCE
527:
524:
521:
518:
517:
516:
513:
512:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
490:
489:
486:
482:
479:
478:
477:
474:
471:
468:
467:
465:
462:
459:
454:
451:
448:
447:
441:
440:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
401:
399:
396:
393:
390:
388:
385:
384:
377:
376:
373:
370:
369:
363:
359:
358:
355:
349:
348:
343:
338:
337:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
311:
309:Today part of
307:
291:
289:
286:
285:
277:
275:
272:
271:
268:
262:
259:
252:
251:
248:
245:
238:
237:
234:
231:
224:
223:
220:
217:
210:
209:
206:
205:
202:
199:
197:
194:
193:
189:
185:
176:
170:
161:
155:
151:
148:
145:
141:
138:
133:
130:
124:
121:
117:
114:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
64:
59:
42:
38:
37:Mahājanapadas
33:
30:
19:
8088:
8048:
8032:
8025:
8015:
7994:. Retrieved
7990:the original
7983:
7973:
7965:
7960:
7952:
7947:
7927:
7920:
7908:
7899:
7889:
7882:
7872:
7865:
7856:
7844:
7825:
7818:
7810:
7806:
7797:
7788:
7779:
7774:MBH 7/91/39.
7770:
7758:
7754:
7746:
7742:
7734:
7730:
7722:
7718:
7710:
7706:
7698:
7694:
7686:
7682:
7674:
7670:
7662:
7658:
7650:
7646:
7638:
7634:
7625:
7617:
7613:
7608:
7599:
7591:
7587:
7583:
7575:
7571:
7567:
7563:
7558:
7550:
7546:
7538:
7533:
7524:
7514:
7500:
7491:
7482:
7473:
7461:. Retrieved
7456:
7447:
7428:
7421:
7411:
7389:. Retrieved
7386:Researchgate
7385:
7375:
7366:
7346:
7339:
7319:
7312:
7307:Digha Nikaya
7303:
7294:
7286:
7279:
7274:
7265:
7256:
7246:
7239:
7230:
7222:
7218:
7210:
7206:
7198:
7194:
7187:Coins, Indic
7186:
7181:
7173:
7169:
7161:
7157:
7149:
7144:
7136:
7132:
7124:
7119:
7107:
7087:
7080:
7071:
7063:
7060:
7055:
7035:
7028:
6949:
6942:
6935:
6928:
6921:
6915:Publications
6914:
6900:
6881:
6835:
6718:
6712:
6706:
6700:Paleo-Balkan
6690:
6689:
6677:
6676:
6618:
6617:
6573:
6572:
6560:
6530:
6513:Greater Iran
6506:
6505:
6494:
6493:
6457:
6456:
6444:
6443:
6386:Paleo-Balkan
6351:Celtiberians
6330:
6329:
6312:
6311:
6299:
6298:
6286:
6285:
6214:
6213:
6201:
6200:
6178:
6177:
6165:
6164:
6134:
6133:
6076:
6075:
6053:
6052:
6015:
6014:
5977:
5976:
5952:
5951:
5939:
5938:
5926:
5925:
5867:Bug–Dniester
5831:
5830:
5696:Gothic Bible
5612:Proto-Baltic
5608:Proto-Slavic
5593:Proto-Italic
5589:Proto-Celtic
5552:
5507:
5495:Italo-Celtic
5490:Indo-Hittite
5480:Graeco-Aryan
5453:Hypothetical
5452:
5417:
5352:Paleo-Balkan
5334:
5291:Indo-Iranian
5246:Balto-Slavic
5219:
5124:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5078:
5040:
5008:
4982:
4970:
4962:
4959:Arthashastra
4916:
4892:
4889:Arthashastra
4846:
4836:
4833:
4825:
4787:Viratanagara
4786:
4756:
4736:
4704:
4686:
4672:
4640:
4568:in southern
4555:
4532:
4469:
4466:Arthashastra
4446:Vedic period
4442:Indraprastha
4417:
4412:
4402:
4396:
4381:Kuru kingdom
4338:
4327:to meet the
4287:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4245:
4212:jataka tales
4210:
4204:
4189:Paropamisade
4157:Chandragupta
4154:
4150:Nanda Empire
4124:
4118:division of
4115:
4111:
4107:
4096:Arthashastra
4075:
4040:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
3952:
3894:
3889:
3863:
3848:Pushkalavati
3839:
3826:against the
3813:
3726:
3691:
3688:Cedī (tribe)
3671:
3667:
3655:
3617:
3589:
3579:
3575:
3539:
3537:
3518:Suvarnabhumi
3487:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3452:
3431:Moli (Malla)
3376:
3370:
3368:
3349:
3348:
3343:Digha Nikaya
3341:
3339:
3244:
3236:
3232:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3206:
3169:
3142:
3127:
3123:Vedic period
3100:
3080:aristocratic
3071:
3069:
2949:Demographics
2939:Architecture
2719:French India
2709:Danish India
2589:Bengal Subah
2579:Bhoi dynasty
2509:Koch Kingdom
2344:Ahom Kingdom
2218:Deva Kingdom
1910:Huna Kingdom
1850:Gupta Empire
1752:(AD 35–405 )
1711:Kanva Empire
1683: 50 BC
1565:Chola Empire
1504:(312–303 BC)
1494:(321–184 BC)
1484:(330–323 BC)
1474:(380–321 BC)
1470:Nanda Empire
1464:(424–345 BC)
1446:(550–330 BC)
1424:
1402:(684–424 BC)
1392:(799–684 BC)
1382:(700–200 BC)
1304:Swat culture
1150:Chalcolithic
1062:Palaeolithic
929:LGBT history
794:Bengal Subah
782:Suri Dynasty
769:Early modern
749:Vijayanagara
674:Pala Dynasty
545:
470:Kuru kingdom
274:Nanda Empire
261:Kuru Kingdom
233:Vedic period
201:Succeeded by
200:
195:
76:
36:
29:
18:Mahājanapada
7699:Afghanistan
7139:1963, p 427
6793:Continental
6786:Anglo-Saxon
6489:Middle Ages
6439:Middle Ages
6294:Indo-Aryans
6287:Indo-Aryans
6094:Bell Beaker
6089:Corded ware
5985:Corded ware
5874:Sredny Stog
5819:Archaeology
5599:Proto-Greek
5579:Proto-Norse
4987:Megasthenes
4951:Ashtadhyayi
4923:Brij region
4853:Farrukhabad
4837:Idramitrasa
4681:Lord Buddha
4591:Pataliputra
4490:Pataliputra
4424:, state of
4413:Madhyadesha
4349:Ajatashatru
4230:Brihadratha
4165:Achaemenids
4108:king consul
4082:Mahabharata
4080:times. The
3992:Mahabharata
3929:Uttarapatha
3901:Afghanistan
3870:Ashtadhyayi
3832:Mahabharata
3799:Takshashila
3718:Mahabharata
3694:Bundelkhand
3636:Mahishamati
3572:Mahabharata
3552:Maharashtra
3494:Atharvaveda
3445:Sambhuttara
3364:Uttarapatha
3314:(or Maccha)
2934:Agriculture
2904:South India
2879:Maharashtra
2829:Balochistan
2769:Afghanistan
2743:(1858–1947)
2739:British Raj
2733:(1757–1858)
2729:Company Raj
2723:(1759–1954)
2713:(1620–1869)
2703:(1605–1825)
2699:Dutch India
2693:(1510–1961)
2680:(1510–1961)
2663:(1799–1849)
2659:Sikh Empire
2653:(1729–1947)
2643:(1707–1799)
2633:(1674–1818)
2623:(1650–1948)
2613:(1642–1975)
2603:(1600–1750)
2593:(1576–1757)
2583:(1541–1804)
2573:(1532–1673)
2563:(1529–1736)
2553:(1540–1556)
2543:(1526–1858)
2530:(1526–1858)
2513:(1515–1947)
2503:(1499–1763)
2493:(1518–1687)
2482:(1492–1686)
2471:(1492–1619)
2460:(1490–1574)
2449:(1490–1636)
2438:(1490–1596)
2428:(1470–1842)
2418:(1434–1541)
2408:(1399–1947)
2398:(1358–1803)
2388:(1352–1576)
2378:(1336–1646)
2368:(1325–1448)
2358:(1300–1779)
2348:(1228–1826)
2338:(1451–1526)
2327:(1414–1451)
2316:(1320–1414)
2305:(1290–1320)
2294:(1206–1290)
2283:(1206–1526)
2273:(1170–1206)
2250:(1206–1526)
2231: 1300
2227: 1200
2212:(1187–1673)
2202:(1156–1184)
2182:(1102–1766)
2172:(1083–1323)
2162:(1078–1434)
2152:(1070–1230)
2148:Sena Empire
2142:(1040–1347)
2132:(1003–1320)
2058:Pala Empire
1920:Rai Kingdom
1762:(AD 60–240)
1695:(185–73 BC)
1451:Ror Dynasty
1171: 3950
924:Art History
847:British Raj
820:Sikh Empire
808:Company Raj
654:, c. 738 CE
380:Prehistoric
351:History of
329:Afghanistan
196:Preceded by
8238:Categories
7996:29 October
7985:Daily News
7020:References
6901:Institutes
6821:Lithuanian
6575:Indo-Aryan
6561:Historical
6495:Indo-Aryan
6452:Tocharians
6366:Cimmerians
6244:Bronze Age
6135:South Asia
6009:Bronze Age
5947:Afanasievo
5751:Mainstream
5515:Vocabulary
5435:Sound laws
5297:Indo-Aryan
5033:gaṇasaṅgha
4967:Shoorsaini
4730:gaṇasaṅgha
4697:Kshatriyas
4695:as Vratya
4693:Manusmriti
4669:Fazilnagar
4661:Kushinagar
4654:gaṇasaṅgha
4620:Kushinagar
4458:Yudhishtra
4321:Prasenajit
4242:King Kansa
4136:Kshatriyas
4120:Jambudvipa
4116:north-west
4047:Badakhshan
3913:Rawalpindi
3890:Chandahara
3844:Taksashila
3797:A coin of
3676:Shishunaga
3586:Madhyadesa
3335:(or Vamsa)
3207:The term "
3201: 500
3132:gaṇasaṅgha
3014:Philosophy
2994:Metallurgy
2984:Literature
2909:Tamil Nadu
2774:Bangladesh
2549:Sur Empire
2263:(977–1186)
2229: – c.
2192:(675–1210)
2122:(973–1189)
2112:(942–1244)
2102:(882–1110)
2092:(850–1334)
2082:(800–1327)
2062:(750–1174)
2042:(694–1947)
2022:(650–1036)
2002:(624–1075)
1970: 700
1968: – c.
1966: 550
1939: 500
1884:(350–1100)
1874:(350–1000)
1842: 600
1840: – c.
1838: 250
1821: 500
1819: – c.
1817: 250
1740: 130
1715:(75–26 BC)
1681: – c.
1679: 150
1610: – c.
1576:– AD 1279)
1559:– AD 1102)
1542:– AD 1345)
1521: – c.
1434: 600
1419:– AD 1600)
1227:Bronze Age
416:Lahuradewa
321:Bangladesh
137:Monarchies
129:Gaṇasaṅgha
119:Government
8072:Janapadas
7860:II. p 481
7848:Marshall
7620:, p. 168.
6836:Practices
6655:Yarsanism
6465:Albanians
6445:East Asia
6432:Scythians
6424:Phrygians
6417:Paeonians
6410:Illyrians
6396:Thracians
6313:East Asia
6264:Armenians
6191:Hallstatt
6173:Chernoles
6114:Terramare
6104:Trzciniec
6071:Sintashta
6066:Andronovo
5967:Cernavodă
5940:East Asia
5895:Khvalynsk
5635:Philology
5545:Particles
5431:Phonology
5372:Liburnian
5347:Tocharian
5342:Anatolian
5311:Nuristani
5204:Languages
5147:Prayagraj
5135:Prayagraj
5054:Licchavis
5027:republics
5010:Licchavis
4969:formed a
4955:Kautiliya
4931:Rajasthan
4885:Kautiliya
4783:Bharatpur
4775:Rajputana
4689:Licchavis
4665:Gorakhpur
4546:Bimbisara
4523:Bimbisara
4486:Rajagriha
4462:Kautiliya
4341:Virudhaka
4112:Mid India
4104:Kshatriya
4092:Kautiliya
4016:Gandharas
3971:Hindukush
3925:Bimbisara
3921:Kautiliya
3878:Gandharic
3865:Kali Yuga
3816:Gandharis
3803:Nandipada
3729:Suktimati
3660:Rajagriha
3548:Telangana
3522:Bimbisara
3502:Gandharis
3241:Kshatriya
3237:Janapadin
3203:–200 BCE)
3196:culture (
3174:culture.
3141:like the
3083:republics
2964:Education
2954:Dynasties
2874:Rajasthan
2859:Karnataka
2804:Sri Lanka
2072:(753–982)
2052:(736–916)
2032:(661–750)
2012:(632–661)
1992:(618–841)
1982:(606–647)
1951:(543–753)
1924:(489–632)
1914:(475–576)
1904:(475–767)
1894:(420–624)
1864:(345–525)
1854:(280–550)
1802:(230–360)
1792:(224–651)
1782:(210–340)
1772:(170–350)
1735:(AD 21 –
1593:– AD 800)
1345:Janapadas
1173:–1900 BC)
1100:Neolithic
561:Classical
398:Neolithic
247:Janapadas
123:Republics
101:Religion
8213:Surasena
8208:Panchala
8168:Gandhara
8053:Sanskrit
8024:(1989).
7391:25 March
6882:Scholars
6780:Germanic
6751:Scottish
6716:Thracian
6710:Illyrian
6704:Albanian
6692:European
6685:Armenian
6669:Ossetian
6663:Scythian
6648:Yazidism
6598:Buddhism
6589:Hinduism
6480:Norsemen
6390:Anatolia
6307:Iranians
6300:Iranians
6281:Iron Age
6256:Hittites
6209:Colchian
6202:Caucasus
6160:Iron Age
6129:Lusatian
6124:Urnfield
6048:Srubnaya
6043:Poltavka
6033:Catacomb
5972:Cucuteni
5927:Caucasus
5744:Religion
5729:Homeland
5671:Behistun
5651:Linear B
5540:Numerals
5535:Pronouns
5460:Balkanic
5407:Thracian
5400:Phrygian
5393:Paeonian
5379:Messapic
5365:Illyrian
5277:Hellenic
5272:Germanic
5241:Armenian
5233:Albanian
5227:Albanoid
5178:a series
5176:Part of
5169:See also
5159:Buddhism
5151:entrepôt
5143:Kausambi
5109:Xuanzang
5105:Chanakya
5074:Vaishali
5015:Vaishali
4975:Vasudeva
4947:Buddhism
4905:Surasena
4899:Śūrasena
4869:Kampilya
4861:Ramnagar
4789:(modern
4677:Buddhism
4643:Mallakas
4558:Magadhas
4422:Thanesar
4369:Sravasti
4353:Liccavis
4345:Pasenadi
4325:Sravasti
4310:Himalaya
4260:Kaushaka
4252:Alberuni
4207:Varanasi
4173:Cyrus II
4161:Kautilya
4059:Sogdiana
4055:Rishikas
4051:Bahlikas
4036:Buddhist
4028:Rajapura
4014:and the
4000:Nurestan
3961:and the
3955:Gandhara
3949:Kambojas
3933:Kashmira
3909:Peshawar
3897:Buddhist
3882:Kashmira
3874:Kashmira
3840:Gandhara
3828:Pandavas
3807:swastika
3805:above a
3759:Gandhāra
3698:Kausambi
3644:Mahavira
3578:and the
3498:Magadhas
3467:Bhagvati
3459:(or the
3402:Malavaka
3375:(or the
3323:Surasena
3318:Panchala
3277:Gandhara
3233:Janapada
3217:Janapada
3209:Janapada
3184:Janapada
3178:Overview
3165:Vindhyan
3149:Gandhara
3115:Buddhism
3093:period.
3076:kingdoms
3029:Timeline
3019:Religion
2999:Military
2989:Maritime
2979:Language
2969:Indology
2799:Pakistan
2789:Maldives
2487: –
2476: –
2465: –
2454: –
2443: –
2332: –
2321: –
2310: –
2299: –
2288: –
1436:–300 BC)
1376: –
1365: –
1354: –
1343: –
1322:Iron Age
1302: –
1291: –
1270: –
1259: –
1248: –
422:Mehrgarh
418:7000 BCE
412:7106 BCE
404:Bhirrana
372:Timeline
342:a series
340:Part of
317:Pakistan
147:Iron Age
109:Buddhism
95:Sanskrit
91:Prakrits
8193:Magadha
8178:Kamboja
8064:
8057:महाजनपद
7463:28 June
6814:Latvian
6772:Cornish
6642:Kurdish
6628:Persian
6620:Iranian
6612:Sikhism
6605:Jainism
6568:Hittite
6507:Iranian
6403:Dacians
6196:Jastorf
6119:Tumulus
6099:Únětice
6028:Yamnaya
6023:Chariot
5961:Usatovo
5902:Yamnaya
5739:Society
5723:Origins
5656:Rigveda
5508:Grammar
5335:Extinct
5325:Romance
5304:Iranian
5062:Mithila
5021:of the
5019:capital
4979:Krishna
4943:Mathura
4927:Haryana
4863:in the
4815:Pañcāla
4809:Pañcāla
4799:Chambal
4716:Mallaka
4673:capital
4583:Jainism
4578:Vindhya
4535:Magadha
4527:Magadha
4504:Magadha
4482:Magadha
4476:Magadha
4450:Yadavas
4438:Jatakas
4408:Bharata
4399:Puranas
4365:Banaras
4357:Ayodhya
4290:Ayodhya
4256:Kausika
4226:Magadha
4181:satrapy
4128:Puranas
4071:Iranian
4063:Fergana
4034:of the
4024:Kamboja
4020:Kamboja
4012:Daradas
4008:Kashmir
4004:Rajauri
3996:Ptolemy
3994:and in
3967:Bactria
3963:Bahlika
3943:Kamboja
3937:Kamboja
3856:Ayodhya
3852:Bharata
3836:Puranic
3830:in the
3820:Rigveda
3722:Rigveda
3714:Narmada
3664:Paithan
3640:Ujjaini
3632:Narmada
3628:Magadha
3564:Vindhya
3417:Ladha (
3411:Kochcha
3396:Magadha
3383:Jainism
3356:Kalinga
3302:Magadha
3287:Kamboja
3119:Jainism
3111:sramana
3097:History
2959:Economy
2944:Coinage
2864:Kashmir
2844:Gujarat
1941:– 1026)
1051:Outline
444:Ancient
392:Soanian
113:Jainism
77:Various
73:Capital
8183:Kosala
8158:Avanti
8070:Great
7935:
7914:p.83ff
7833:
7436:
7354:
7327:
7189:- 2007
7095:
7043:
6829:Slavic
6808:Baltic
6758:Breton
6738:Celtic
6722:Dacian
6678:Others
6458:Europe
6331:Europe
6325:Yuezhi
6179:Europe
6166:Steppe
6077:Europe
5934:Maykop
5888:Samara
5844:Kurgan
5661:Avesta
5443:Ablaut
5439:Accent
5386:Mysian
5358:Dacian
5319:Italic
5267:Celtic
5259:Slavic
5252:Baltic
5220:Extant
5127:Vatsas
5101:Pāṇini
5097:solasa
5093:Uddesa
4971:sangha
4963:sangha
4933:. and
4919:Yamuna
4877:Kanauj
4873:Kampil
4849:Budaun
4841:Brahmi
4791:Bairat
4771:Jaipur
4763:Yamuna
4759:Matsya
4747:Matsya
4720:Sanchi
4701:Samgha
4679:since
4574:Bengal
4550:Sanchi
4492:, and
4454:Jataka
4428:, and
4367:, and
4361:Saketa
4333:Sanchi
4329:Buddha
4306:Gandak
4302:Ganges
4282:Kosala
4272:Kosala
4266:Kosala
4238:Kosala
4234:Kosala
4218:Kosala
4185:Begram
4177:Darius
4169:Persia
4100:Ashoka
4043:Pamirs
4002:up to
3988:Ashoka
3984:Edicts
3959:Darada
3917:Taxila
3905:Punjab
3886:Jataka
3884:. The
3710:Vatsas
3702:Yamuna
3672:theris
3668:theras
3620:Kosala
3612:Avanti
3596:Avanti
3568:Bodhan
3550:, and
3534:Assaka
3528:Aśmaka
3438:Kosala
3408:Vaccha
3399:Malaya
3312:Matsya
3292:Kosala
3267:Avanti
3262:Asmaka
3229:Pāṇini
3225:Buddha
3157:Asmaka
2894:Odisha
2889:Punjab
2834:Bengal
2779:Bhutan
834:Modern
344:on the
93:, and
8218:Vajji
8198:Malla
8173:Kashi
8163:Chedi
8040:Notes
7612:See:
6800:Norse
6765:Welsh
6744:Irish
6733:Roman
6728:Greek
6583:Vedic
6475:Slavs
6470:Balts
6344:Gauls
6338:Celts
6320:Wusun
6215:India
5991:Baden
5691:Ogham
5666:Homer
5553:Other
5530:Nouns
5525:Verbs
5283:Greek
5155:Vatsa
5131:Kurus
5121:Vatsa
5070:Bihar
5066:Nepal
5043:Vajji
4993:Vajji
4829:Indra
4779:Alwar
4705:rajas
4597:Malla
4570:Bihar
4562:Patna
4544:King
4521:King
4426:Delhi
4294:Awadh
4187:) in
4087:gaṇaḥ
3979:clans
3824:Kurus
3706:Kurus
3696:near
3682:Chedi
3648:Malwa
3624:Vatsa
3554:. In
3510:Aryan
3506:Jaina
3490:Angas
3448:Ruhma
3442:Avaha
3414:Padha
3405:Accha
3333:Vatsa
3328:Vajji
3307:Malla
3272:Chedi
2914:Tibet
2899:Sindh
2854:Kabul
2839:Bihar
2824:Assam
2794:Nepal
2784:India
410:Jhusi
353:India
325:Nepal
313:India
8188:Kuru
8148:Anga
8061:lit.
7998:2008
7933:ISBN
7850:p.59
7831:ISBN
7723:Iran
7465:2017
7434:ISBN
7393:2023
7352:ISBN
7325:ISBN
7093:ISBN
7041:ISBN
6862:Yule
6853:Sati
6142:BMAC
5520:Root
5125:The
5107:and
5089:Saya
5049:Vṛji
4973:and
4929:and
4881:clan
4795:Pali
4647:Jain
4641:The
4566:Gaya
4564:and
4533:The
4418:Kuru
4404:Puru
4397:The
4391:Kuru
4375:Kuru
4258:and
4250:and
4224:and
4222:Anga
4195:Kāśī
4159:and
4078:Epic
4045:and
3975:Oxus
3935:and
3860:Rama
3846:and
3735:and
3708:and
3670:and
3626:and
3484:Anga
3478:Aṅga
3434:Kasi
3423:Lata
3419:Radh
3390:Anga
3369:The
3360:Yona
3297:Kuru
3282:Kasi
3257:Anga
3227:and
3221:Jana
3153:Anga
3117:and
3078:and
3070:The
87:Pali
6147:Yaz
5137:in
5091:xv
5064:in
5046:or
5013:at
4957:'s
4937:of
4887:'s
4871:or
4839:in
4834:Rev
4826:Obv
4773:in
4769:of
4525:of
4464:'s
4432:of
4240:by
4167:of
4152:.)
4094:'s
4057:of
3986:of
3421:or
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8059:,
8055::
7982:.
7455:.
7401:^
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5610:·
5591:·
5441:,
5437:,
5433::
5180:on
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4851:,
4508:c.
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