2773:
2692:
2187:
601:
407:
392:
581:
140:
2217:
591:
170:
27:
2133:
obligingly agreed with the line that since the
Reichstag fire was a Communist plot, KPD membership was an act of treason. As a result, for all intents and purposes, the KPD was "outlawed" on the day the Reichstag Fire Decree took effect and "completely banned" as of the day of the election. While the Social Democrats (SPD) were then not as heavily oppressed as the Communists, the Social Democrats were also restricted in their actions, as the party's leadership had already fled to
693:
155:
1864:
2758:
2743:
2817:
3139:
1850:
377:
564:
556:
548:
507:
499:
491:
341:
333:
325:
280:
272:
264:
101:
87:
2884:, which allowed the Cabinet, and effectively the Chancellor, to enact laws without the approval of the Reichstag for four years. With certain exceptions, such laws could deviate from the Weimar Constitution. Leaving nothing to chance, the Nazis used the provisions of the Reichstag Fire Decree to arrest all 81 Communist deputies and to keep several Social Democrats out of the chamber.
2876:
Therefore, Hitler was forced to maintain his coalition with the DNVP to control the majority of seats. The
Communists (KPD) lost about a quarter of their votes, and the Social Democrats suffered only moderate losses. Although the KPD had not been formally banned, it was a foregone conclusion that the
2056:
appointed Hitler as
Chancellor, who immediately urged the dissolution of the Reichstag and the calling of new elections. On his second day as Chancellor, Hitler opened his campaign with a nationwide radio address pledging to save the nation from the communists, which he castigated as "political
2144:
The resources of big business and the state were thrown behind the Nazis' campaign to achieve saturation coverage all over
Germany. Brownshirts and SS patrolled and marched menacingly through the streets of cities and towns. A "combination of terror, repression and propaganda was mobilized in
2132:
in the event of a ban, and he also believed the KPD's presence on the ballot could siphon off votes away from the Social
Democrats. Instead, he opted to simply have Communist functionaries jailed by the thousands. The courts and prosecutors, both already hostile to the KPD long before 1933,
2910:
was called for
November by Hindenburg, in which voters were presented with a single list of Nazis and guest candidates, and voting was not secret: the new Reichstag thus included only NSDAP and supporting members, effectively liquidating what was left of Weimar democracy.
2691:
2145:
every... community, large and small, across the land". Irene von Goetz wrote, "In a decree issued on 17 February 1933, Göring ordered the
Prussian police force to make unrestrained use of firearms in operations against political opponents (the so-called
2137:, and many members were acting only from the underground. Hence, the Reichstag fire is widely believed to have had a major effect on the outcome of the election. As a replacement parliament building and for 10 years to come, the new parliament used the
2772:
2986:
2090:, were banned in mid-February for criticising the new government. Government officials known to be Centre Party supporters were dismissed from their offices, and stormtroopers violently attacked party meetings in
2035:
on 23 March with the support of the Nazi Party, the DNVP and the Centre parties, which effectively gave Hitler dictatorial powers. Within months, the Nazis banned all other parties and turned the
Reichstag into a
1165:
1160:
1155:
2873:, the Nazis did not do as well as Hitler had hoped. In spite of massive violence and voter intimidation, the Nazis won only 43.9% of the vote, rather than the majority that he had expected.
3060:
2024:; however, despite waging a campaign of terror against their opponents, the Nazis only tallied 43.9 percent of the vote on their own, well short of a majority to govern alone.
2994:
3642:
1682:
1692:
878:
3698:
2082:
breaking up Social
Democrat meetings and beating up their speakers and audiences. Issues of Social Democratic newspapers were banned. Twenty newspapers of the
3105:
1677:
1637:
949:
3518:
2834:
2125:
and 4,000 other leaders and members of the KPD shortly before the election, suppressing the
Communist vote and consolidating the position of the Nazis.
2877:
KPD deputies would never be allowed to take their seats. Within a few days, all KPD representatives had been placed under arrest or gone into hiding.
3533:
3528:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3297:
3292:
1832:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1416:
1411:
1822:
2906:
Within four months, the other parties had been shuttered by outright banning or Nazi terror, and Germany had become formally a one-party state. A
2049:
3594:
3589:
2880:
Although the Nazi-DNVP coalition had enough seats to conduct the basic business of government, Hitler needed a two-thirds majority to pass the
3599:
3508:
1904:
704:
3549:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
3619:
3287:
3162:
2907:
2031:. Despite now holding a bare working majority in the Reichstag, Hitler wanted more. Two weeks after the election, he was able to pass an
1406:
1281:
1006:
58:
3127:
3673:
3167:
1286:
716:
3693:
3614:
2037:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
927:
2012:(NSDAP) registered a large increase in votes in 1933 and gained a Reichstag majority together with its coalition partner, the
1917:
1877:
3678:
3277:
3257:
3037:
2870:
2709:
2673:
1993:
1968:
1807:
1771:
1396:
1376:
41:
3135:
3584:
3564:
3523:
3414:
2412:
2191:
1987:
displayed "terror, repression and propaganda ... across the land", and Nazi organizations "monitored" the vote process. In
1735:
1121:
1086:
1740:
970:
3668:
3624:
2748:
2270:
2075:
1949:
1662:
1657:
789:
752:
217:
3663:
3637:
3604:
3513:
3427:
3422:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3272:
3070:
2962:
2856:
2668:
2099:
2013:
1964:
1897:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1391:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1057:
772:
653:
634:
446:
2186:
3574:
3554:
3252:
2118:
1816:
1667:
1371:
856:
1617:
3609:
3569:
3559:
3437:
2061:." In early February, the Nazis "unleashed a campaign of violence and terror that dwarfed anything seen so far".
3632:
3579:
3120:
2838:
1766:
1687:
861:
777:
2899:, opposed the measure, which came into effect on 27 March. The bill's provisions turned the government into a
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3267:
3262:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3157:
1957:
1890:
1794:
1750:
1725:
1706:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1386:
1381:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1101:
1032:
992:
909:
3688:
3172:
2757:
2742:
2721:
1745:
1730:
1291:
1081:
72:
3683:
2895:. The bill was passed on 23 March with 444 votes for and 94 against. Only the Social Democrats, led by
2763:
2364:
2294:
2068:
1937:
1096:
997:
798:
451:
222:
3113:
2121:
of the Weimar Constitution. The emergency law removed many civil liberties and allowed the arrest of
2113:. That event reduced the popularity of the KPD and enabled Hitler to persuade Hindenburg to pass the
1147:
1048:
1039:
2701:
2460:
2388:
1652:
922:
831:
3096:
2105:
Six days before the scheduled election date, the German parliament building was set alight in the
957:
2827:
2508:
1812:
1632:
748:
721:
600:
2152:
To ensure a Nazi majority in the vote, Nazi organisations also "monitored" the vote process. In
3500:
2778:
2318:
2128:
Although Hitler could have banned the KPD outright, he opted not to do so. He feared a violent
2083:
2021:
1953:
1091:
810:
441:
2153:
2114:
2110:
1988:
1976:
1925:
1827:
1798:
885:
376:
3143:
2892:
2881:
2129:
2032:
1672:
1173:
1072:
1023:
942:
937:
932:
900:
869:
740:
606:
8:
2725:
2678:
2484:
2053:
2017:
1642:
1622:
678:
580:
2436:
1941:
1627:
819:
2651:
3066:
3033:
2958:
2138:
1933:
1647:
980:
3017:
2216:
2175:
2168:
were ordered to monitor the votes as so-called deputy sheriffs or auxiliary police (
2122:
1998:
202:
3025:
2705:
2087:
1016:
426:
105:
2951:
2199:
1945:
1921:
1868:
1776:
391:
193:
590:
406:
2161:
2106:
2063:
1980:
1929:
1854:
824:
645:
626:
3029:
139:
3657:
2888:
2195:
2157:
1984:
806:
431:
2203:
2170:
2028:
2002:
1972:
184:
169:
692:
2079:
785:
421:
1863:
2841: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2798:
2697:
2246:
2095:
2091:
2009:
649:
630:
212:
197:
2713:
2027:
This would be the last contested election held in Germany until after
154:
2896:
2202:(right), one of 50,000 Nazis in Prussia appointed by the Party as a "
1956:. They were the last multi-party elections in a united Germany until
850:
189:
2816:
2891:
by persuading the Centre Party to vote with him with regard to the
2729:
2058:
3138:
2790:
2782:
2733:
2717:
2074:
In the second half of February, the violence was extended to the
2786:
2134:
1997:
were ordered to monitor the votes by acting Interior Minister
1963:
The 1933 election followed the previous year's two elections (
2794:
1936:
unleash a widespread campaign of violence against the
2869:Despite achieving a much better result than in the
2950:
2016:(DNVP). This was the first time since 1930 that a
3655:
2174:) in another decree by acting Interior Minister
617:
3018:"Hitler and the Functioning of the Third Reich"
2067:stormtroopers began attacking trade union and
3699:Democratic backsliding in the interwar period
3121:
2071:(KPD) offices and the homes of left-wingers.
2040:comprising only Nazis and pro-Nazi "guests".
1898:
595:Seat distribution by electoral constituency
3128:
3114:
1979:. In the months before the 1933 election,
1928:on 30 January and just six days after the
1905:
1891:
2857:Learn how and when to remove this message
2944:
2554:Workers' and Farmers' Struggle Community
2185:
2052:commenced on 30 January, when President
1174:Federal Republic of Germany (since 1949)
2942:
2940:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2926:
2924:
671:This article is part of a series on the
3656:
3547:See also: Elections and referendums in
3022:The Routledge History of the Holocaust
3109:
3058:
3015:
2948:
2797:(21). In all 33 other districts, the
2636:
2623:
2610:
2597:
2223:
3144:Elections and referendums in Germany
2984:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2921:
2839:adding citations to reliable sources
2810:
2117:as an emergency decree according to
2102:were allowed to campaign untouched.
2887:Hitler then obtained the necessary
2109:, allegedly by the Dutch Communist
13:
3016:Kuntz, Dieter (1 September 2007),
691:
19:March 1933 German federal election
14:
3710:
3090:
2971:
2413:Christian Social People's Service
1991:50,000 members of the SS, SA and
585:Results by electoral constituency
3674:Elections in the Weimar Republic
3137:
2815:
2781:vote share, with pluralities in
2771:
2756:
2741:
2690:
2215:
1862:
1848:
599:
589:
579:
563:
562:
555:
554:
547:
546:
506:
505:
498:
497:
490:
489:
405:
390:
375:
340:
339:
332:
331:
324:
323:
279:
278:
271:
270:
263:
262:
168:
153:
138:
100:
99:
86:
85:
25:
2826:needs additional citations for
2700:vote share, with majorities in
76:324 seats needed for a majority
3052:
3009:
2669:German National People's Party
2661:
2342:Black-White-Red Struggle Front
2206:" ("Auxiliary Police") officer
2100:German National People's Party
2014:German National People's Party
1767:Politics of the European Union
1:
3694:Political violence in Germany
3062:The Coming of the Third Reich
2953:The Coming of the Third Reich
2914:
2043:
607:district and independent city
3679:Federal elections in Germany
2806:
2532:Socialist Struggle Community
1718:Foreign relations by country
910:Federal Constitutional Court
717:Federal Constitutional Court
7:
2957:. New York: Penguin Press.
1924:on 5 March 1933, after the
1122:Weimar Republic (1919–1933)
10:
3715:
3059:Evans, Richard J. (2005).
2949:Evans, Richard J. (2004).
2295:Communist Party of Germany
2181:
799:Vice Chancellor of Germany
622:Government before election
3669:1933 elections in Germany
3542:
3499:
3436:
3413:
3150:
3030:10.4324/9780203837443.ch6
2649:
2645:
2637:Registered voters/turnout
2632:
2619:
2606:
2593:
2573:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2214:
1040:Collective municipality (
641:Government after election
615:
575:
348:
112:
94:
80:
69:
35:
23:
3664:1933 elections in Europe
2156:, 50,000 members of the
1603:State and local politics
1148:East Germany (1949–1960)
3151:Parliamentary elections
3099:German Historic Museum
2801:were the largest party.
2509:German-Hanoverian Party
2365:Bavarian People's Party
2271:Social Democratic Party
2038:rubberstamp legislature
1950:Social Democratic Party
1759:International Relations
749:Frank-Walter Steinmeier
3595:North Rhine-Westphalia
3590:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
3415:Presidential elections
2871:November 1932 election
2207:
2149:or shooting decree)".
2022:parliamentary majority
1663:North Rhine-Westphalia
1658:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
1273:Parliamentary election
1114:Presidential elections
696:
47:5 March 1933
3638:Free State of Prussia
2764:Communist Party (KPD)
2749:Social Democrat (SPD)
2461:German Farmers' Party
2389:German People's Party
2189:
2115:Reichstag Fire Decree
2111:Marinus van der Lubbe
2050:Nazi seizure of power
1926:Nazi seizure of power
1817:Agrarian Conservatism
887:Gemeinsamer Ausschuss
880:Vermittlungsausschuss
773:Chancellor of Germany
695:
71:All 648 seats in the
3600:Rhineland-Palatinate
2987:"Violence Unleashed"
2903:legal dictatorship.
2835:improve this article
2190:A police officer of
1789:Political ideologies
1668:Rhineland-Palatinate
1102:Federal Convention (
741:President of Germany
2679:Agricultural League
2611:Invalid/blank votes
2485:Agricultural League
2211:
2054:Paul von Hindenburg
2018:governing coalition
1932:. The election saw
1869:Politics portal
458:Last election
229:Last election
20:
3689:Electoral violence
3620:Schleswig-Holstein
3438:European elections
2722:Schleswig-Holstein
2437:German State Party
2210:
2208:
2192:Sicherheitspolizei
2141:for its meetings.
2130:Communist uprising
1975:'s appointment as
1934:Nazi stormtroopers
1855:Germany portal
1688:Schleswig-Holstein
1533:European elections
998:State Parliament (
993:Minister president
697:
515:Popular vote
288:Popular vote
59:November 1933
42:November 1932
18:
3684:March 1933 events
3651:
3650:
3550:Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
3039:978-0-203-83744-3
2997:on 18 August 2016
2985:von Götz, Irene.
2867:
2866:
2859:
2657:
2656:
2139:Kroll Opera House
1918:Federal elections
1915:
1914:
1795:Political culture
1708:Foreign relations
1618:Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
1104:Bundesversammlung
1087:Political parties
682:
664:
663:
660:
659:
571:
570:
486:Seat change
259:Seat change
238:16.9%, 100 seats
235:20.4%, 121 seats
232:33.1%, 196 seats
65:
64:
3706:
3142:
3141:
3130:
3123:
3116:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3013:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2993:. Archived from
2982:
2969:
2968:
2956:
2946:
2862:
2855:
2851:
2848:
2842:
2819:
2811:
2775:
2760:
2745:
2706:Frankfurt (Oder)
2694:
2682:
2667:Alliance of the
2665:
2219:
2212:
2209:
2088:Catholic Germans
2078:, with gangs of
2076:Social Democrats
2003:auxiliary police
1907:
1900:
1893:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1833:Social Democracy
1709:
1082:Electoral system
1075:
1018:Regierungsbezirk
973:
903:
832:Federal agencies
710:
709:
685:
680:
672:
666:
665:
618:
609:
603:
596:
593:
586:
583:
566:
565:
558:
557:
550:
549:
509:
508:
501:
500:
493:
492:
461:11.9%, 70 seats
427:Alfred Hugenberg
409:
394:
379:
343:
342:
335:
334:
327:
326:
282:
281:
274:
273:
266:
265:
172:
157:
142:
114:
113:
103:
102:
89:
88:
54:
52:
37:
36:
30:
29:
28:
21:
17:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3538:
3495:
3432:
3409:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3100:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3057:
3053:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3014:
3010:
3000:
2998:
2983:
2972:
2965:
2947:
2922:
2917:
2863:
2852:
2846:
2843:
2832:
2820:
2809:
2802:
2776:
2767:
2761:
2752:
2746:
2737:
2695:
2686:
2685:
2666:
2662:
2200:German Shepherd
2184:
2069:Communist Party
2046:
1946:trade unionists
1938:Communist Party
1911:
1882:
1878:Other countries
1861:
1860:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1803:
1790:
1782:
1781:
1763:
1755:
1722:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1613:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1537:
1529:
1528:
1277:
1269:
1268:
1170:
1144:
1118:
1110:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1064:
1013:
975:
971:
963:
962:
954:
914:
905:
901:
893:
892:
875:
845:
837:
836:
816:
767:
759:
758:
735:
727:
726:
712:
707:
705:
683:
679:
670:
648:
643:
629:
624:
616:
611:
610:
604:
597:
594:
587:
584:
576:
472:Seats won
467:3.1%, 20 seats
464:8.3%, 51 seats
413:
412:
411:
410:
398:
397:
396:
395:
383:
382:
381:
380:
349:
243:Seats won
196:
194:Arthur Crispien
192:
176:
175:
174:
173:
161:
160:
159:
158:
146:
145:
144:
143:
75:
70:
50:
48:
31:
26:
24:
12:
11:
5:
3712:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3505:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3442:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3419:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
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2824:This section
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2674:Der Stahlhelm
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1994:Der Stahlhelm
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701:
700:
694:
690:
689:
686:
677:
676:
673:
668:
667:
656:
655:
651:
647:
642:
639:
637:
636:
632:
628:
623:
620:
619:
614:
608:
602:
592:
582:
574:
561:
553:
545:
542:
541:
537:
534:
531:
528:
527:
523:
520:
517:
514:
513:
504:
496:
488:
485:
484:
480:
477:
474:
471:
470:
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
437:
436:
433:
432:Heinrich Held
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
417:
416:
408:
400:
393:
385:
378:
370:
367:
366:
362:
359:
357:Fourth party
356:
353:
352:
347:
338:
330:
322:
319:
318:
314:
311:
309:
306:
303:
302:
298:
295:
293:
290:
287:
286:
277:
269:
261:
258:
257:
253:
250:
248:
245:
242:
241:
237:
234:
231:
228:
227:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
208:
207:
204:
201:
199:
195:
191:
188:
186:
183:
180:
179:
171:
163:
156:
148:
141:
133:
130:
129:
125:
123:Second party
122:
119:
116:
115:
111:
107:
97:
93:
83:
79:
74:
68:
61: →
60:
57:
55:
45:
43:
40:←
39:
38:
34:
22:
16:
3643:East Prussia
3633:East Germany
3629:
3585:Lower Saxony
3546:
3403:
3282:
3076:. Retrieved
3061:
3054:
3043:, retrieved
3021:
3011:
2999:. Retrieved
2995:the original
2990:
2952:
2905:
2900:
2893:Enabling Act
2886:
2882:Enabling Act
2879:
2875:
2868:
2853:
2847:January 2014
2844:
2833:Please help
2828:verification
2825:
2779:Centre Party
2702:East Prussia
2672:
2663:
2652:Gonschior.de
2319:Centre Party
2204:Hilfspolizei
2198:man and his
2171:Hilfspolizei
2169:
2165:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2127:
2104:
2084:Centre Party
2073:
2062:
2047:
2033:Enabling Act
2029:World War II
2026:
2007:
1992:
1962:
1954:Centre Party
1942:left-wingers
1916:
1813:Conservatism
1758:
1717:
1653:Lower Saxony
1608:
1587:
1532:
1522:
1401:
1272:
1262:
1113:
1103:
1050:
1041:
1025:
1017:
999:
982:
979:
972:Subdivisions
958:Other courts
950:Joint Senate
886:
879:
868:
849:
797:
771:
739:
722:Human rights
681:Politics of
669:
644:
640:
625:
621:
363:Sixth party
360:Fifth party
307:
291:
246:
185:Adolf Hitler
126:Third party
120:First party
84:44,685,764 (
46:
15:
3565:Brandenburg
3501:Referendums
3273:1932 (July)
3101:(in German)
3065:. Penguin.
2624:Total votes
2598:Valid votes
2094:. Only the
2080:brownshirts
2020:had held a
1633:Brandenburg
1392:1932 (July)
1092:Referendums
1007:composition
844:Legislature
786:Olaf Scholz
708:(Basic Law)
605:Results by
529:Percentage
422:Ludwig Kaas
304:Percentage
3658:Categories
3288:1933 (Nov)
3283:1933 (Mar)
3278:1932 (Nov)
3258:1924 (Dec)
3253:1924 (May)
3168:1867 (Aug)
3163:1867 (Feb)
3078:2 November
3045:5 November
3001:15 January
2915:References
2766:vote share
2751:vote share
2728:(15), and
2640:44,685,764
2627:39,655,029
2601:39,343,331
2577:39,343,331
2251:17,277,180
2247:Nazi Party
2119:Article 48
2096:Nazi Party
2092:Westphalia
2044:Background
2010:Nazi Party
1977:Chancellor
1828:Liberalism
1799:Federalism
1407:1933 (Nov)
1402:1933 (Mar)
1397:1932 (Nov)
1377:1924 (Dec)
1372:1924 (May)
1287:1867 (Aug)
1282:1867 (Feb)
1097:Coalitions
1024:District (
524:1,073,552
521:3,136,760
518:4,424,905
299:4,848,058
296:7,181,629
292:17,277,180
198:Hans Vogel
81:Registered
51:1933-03-05
3625:Thuringia
2991:Berlin.de
2897:Otto Wels
2807:Aftermath
2789:(20) and
2726:E Hanover
2710:Pomerania
2369:1,073,552
2345:3,136,760
2323:4,424,905
2299:4,848,058
2275:7,181,629
1823:Far-right
1808:Communism
1693:Thuringia
1074:Elections
902:Judiciary
870:Bundesrat
851:Bundestag
766:Executive
190:Otto Wels
73:Reichstag
3605:Saarland
2901:de facto
2730:Chemnitz
2718:Liegnitz
2677:and the
2650:Source:
2098:and the
2059:nihilism
1969:November
1952:and the
1777:Passport
1673:Saarland
1051:Gemeinde
923:Ordinary
3630:former:
3575:Hamburg
3555:Bavaria
2791:Koblenz
2783:Cologne
2734:Zwickau
2714:Breslau
2614:311,698
2465:114,048
2441:334,242
2417:383,999
2393:432,312
2182:Results
2154:Prussia
1989:Prussia
1940:(KPD),
1922:Germany
1643:Hamburg
1623:Bavaria
1000:Landtag
981:State (
862:members
820:Cabinet
684:Germany
418:Leader
368:
354:
328:10.8pp
181:Leader
131:
117:
98:88.7% (
95:Turnout
49: (
3610:Saxony
3570:Bremen
3560:Berlin
3069:
3036:
2961:
2787:Aachen
2724:(13),
2630:100.00
2580:100.00
2513:47,743
2489:83,839
2257:+10.82
2135:Prague
1973:Hitler
1971:) and
1948:, the
1751:Russia
1726:France
1678:Saxony
1638:Bremen
1628:Berlin
943:Social
938:Labour
933:Fiscal
825:Scholz
567:0.4pp
559:0.3pp
551:0.6pp
543:Swing
532:11.3%
442:Centre
438:Party
344:4.6pp
336:2.1pp
320:Swing
315:12.3%
312:18.3%
209:Party
3580:Hesse
2799:Nazis
2795:Trier
2720:(8),
2716:(7),
2712:(6),
2708:(5),
2704:(1),
2671:with
2643:88.74
2604:99.21
2574:Total
2557:1,110
2535:3,954
2519:–0.06
2495:–0.09
2471:–0.13
2447:–0.10
2423:–0.16
2399:–0.76
2375:–0.36
2351:–0.37
2329:–0.68
2326:11.25
2305:–4.54
2302:12.32
2281:–2.18
2278:18.25
2254:43.91
2236:Seats
2227:Votes
2224:Party
2001:, as
1746:China
1731:Italy
1648:Hesse
1026:Kreis
811:GrĂĽne
650:NSDAP
631:NSDAP
538:2.7%
535:8.0%
308:43.9%
213:NSDAP
90:0.7%)
3534:1938
3529:1936
3524:1934
3519:1933
3514:1929
3509:1926
3491:2024
3486:2019
3481:2014
3476:2009
3471:2004
3466:1999
3461:1994
3456:1989
3451:1984
3446:1979
3428:1932
3423:1925
3404:2025
3398:2021
3393:2017
3388:2013
3383:2009
3378:2005
3373:2002
3368:1998
3363:1994
3358:1990
3353:1987
3348:1983
3343:1980
3338:1976
3333:1972
3328:1969
3323:1965
3318:1961
3313:1957
3308:1953
3303:1949
3298:1938
3293:1936
3268:1930
3263:1928
3248:1920
3243:1919
3238:1912
3233:1907
3228:1903
3223:1898
3218:1893
3213:1890
3208:1887
3203:1884
3198:1881
3193:1878
3188:1877
3183:1874
3178:1871
3173:1868
3158:1848
3080:2019
3067:ISBN
3047:2021
3034:ISBN
3003:2016
2959:ISBN
2736:(30)
2698:Nazi
2617:0.79
2563:0.00
2560:0.00
2538:0.01
2516:0.12
2492:0.21
2468:0.29
2444:0.85
2420:0.98
2396:1.10
2372:2.73
2348:7.97
2164:and
2048:The
2008:The
1983:and
1967:and
1965:July
1958:1990
1772:Visa
1588:2024
1582:2019
1577:2014
1572:2009
1567:2004
1562:1999
1557:1994
1552:1989
1547:1984
1542:1979
1523:Next
1517:2021
1512:2017
1507:2013
1502:2009
1497:2005
1492:2002
1487:1998
1482:1994
1477:1990
1472:1987
1467:1983
1462:1980
1457:1976
1452:1972
1447:1969
1442:1965
1437:1961
1432:1957
1427:1953
1422:1949
1417:1938
1412:1936
1387:1930
1382:1928
1367:1920
1362:1919
1357:1912
1352:1907
1347:1903
1342:1898
1337:1893
1332:1890
1327:1887
1322:1884
1317:1881
1312:1878
1307:1877
1302:1874
1297:1871
1292:1868
1263:2022
1257:2017
1252:2012
1247:2010
1242:2009
1237:2004
1232:1999
1227:1994
1222:1989
1217:1984
1212:1979
1207:1974
1202:1969
1197:1964
1192:1959
1187:1954
1182:1949
1166:1957
1161:1953
1156:1949
1140:1932
1135:1925
1130:1919
1058:list
1033:list
983:Land
778:list
654:DNVP
635:DNVP
447:DNVP
251:120
3026:doi
2837:by
2589:+63
2586:647
2547:New
2541:New
2311:–19
2284:120
2263:+92
2260:288
2239:+/–
2233:+/–
1741:USA
1042:Amt
790:SPD
753:SPD
481:19
478:52
475:73
452:BVP
283:19
267:92
254:81
247:288
223:KPD
218:SPD
104:8.1
3660::
3032:,
3020:,
2989:.
2973:^
2923:^
2525:–1
2501:–1
2477:–1
2453:+3
2429:–1
2405:–9
2381:–1
2378:19
2357:+1
2354:52
2335:+3
2332:73
2308:81
2287:–1
2196:SS
2178:.
2162:SA
2160:,
2158:SS
2005:.
1985:SS
1981:SA
1960:.
1944:,
1797:/
1736:UK
510:1
502:1
494:3
275:1
106:pp
3129:e
3122:t
3115:v
3082:.
3028::
3005:.
2967:.
2860:)
2854:(
2849:)
2845:(
2831:.
2793:-
2785:-
2732:-
2681:.
2583:–
2569:0
2566:0
2544:0
2522:0
2498:1
2474:2
2450:5
2426:4
2402:2
2230:%
1906:e
1899:t
1892:v
1819:)
1815:(
1106:)
1053:)
1044:)
1028:)
1002:)
985:)
813:)
809:(
792:)
788:(
780:)
776:(
755:)
751:(
652:–
633:–
108:)
53:)
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