216:
752:
230:
96:
543:
had been chartered in the capital city, when Otto II ceded to Verona the powers of the marquisate. From this time Verona and several other cities in the march gradually developed into independent
539:
on the southeastern territories. He also received Verona as a
Carinthian march and from that time on, it was under the control of the Carinthian dukes and at other times not. Already in 975, a
1000:
2261:
617:
with
Carinthia and Verona. Though he could not prevail, neither as Carinthian duke nor as Veronese margrave, he bequested the title to his descendants from the House of
191:
696:) dynasty. In 1405 the Veronese citizens submitted to Venice, which until about 1420 conquered most of the territory of the former march and incorporated it into the
438:, which played a vital role in forming the Lombard League. The March of Verona was a strategically important province, which governed the southern approaches to the
2256:
993:
629:
in 1077 the territories of Friuli in the east, around the episcopal city of
Aquileia were separated from the March to provide an ecclesiastical
551:
became an essentially empty hereditary honour in the ducal houses of
Bavaria and Carinthia. Henceforth the Holy Roman Emperors began to appoint
512:
and Verona were under the control of the dukes of
Bavaria, forming a massive Italian, German, and Slavic fief ruled by relatives of the Saxon
2266:
986:
967:
940:
2271:
678:. The Emperors continued to name vicars, though by then the office was purely nominal, as from the 13th century onwards the actual
1351:
666:. The League was led by Venice; other members were Verona, Padua, Vicenza, and Treviso. In 1167, the Veronese cities joined the
496:
in the next year, Berengar II retained Italy, but had to renounce the
Veronese march, which was attached to the stem duchy of
1653:
1371:
2166:
1909:
1857:
625:". At that time in 1070, Istria was resurrected into a march again and detached from Verona, while in the course of the
2048:
1719:
2160:
1768:
885:
1009:
630:
2178:
2154:
2058:
2002:
1160:
907:
822:
610:
2276:
2043:
1977:
1776:
1508:
1431:
1282:
871:
816:
802:
488:
900:
878:
846:
834:
795:
662:
association aimed at protecting their independence against the
Italian policies of Conrad's nephew Emperor
634:
439:
423:
566:, having conquered the Kingdom of Italy, allotted several Veronese territories in the Adige Valley around
2172:
2124:
1815:
1302:
840:
783:
520:
582:, upon his coronation in 1027 separated these lands from the Italian kingdom and gave the Trent bishops
2118:
2112:
2063:
2053:
1483:
1468:
1331:
858:
761:
536:
479:
292:
2230:
1513:
768:
739:
571:
524:
2136:
1488:
1341:
1277:
717:
501:
466:
about 890 as part of a general restructuring of his realm, when it replaced the former
Carolingian
2224:
1899:
1791:
1753:
1248:
1178:
810:
626:
2184:
2130:
2078:
2068:
1904:
1847:
1518:
892:
789:
2148:
1992:
1944:
1930:
1758:
1498:
1411:
1361:
1040:
1023:
852:
828:
645:
641:
614:
2196:
2073:
2012:
1997:
1920:
1884:
1840:
1830:
1608:
1580:
1386:
1230:
1128:
1072:
698:
663:
649:
622:
595:
483:
78:
8:
2218:
1949:
1852:
1835:
1825:
1680:
1603:
1426:
1421:
1356:
1256:
1166:
653:
563:
463:
419:
2142:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2007:
1972:
1967:
1925:
1889:
1748:
1643:
1565:
1538:
1478:
1381:
1366:
1204:
1184:
583:
528:
509:
497:
475:
447:
443:
368:
304:
72:
1987:
1982:
1915:
1874:
1868:
1709:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1416:
1396:
1346:
1336:
1317:
930:
675:
579:
471:
276:
209:
60:
56:
961:
2204:
1786:
1781:
1704:
1638:
1633:
1503:
1473:
1441:
1297:
1242:
1221:
1199:
978:
540:
513:
414:, the march included the episcopal seat of Aquileia, the historic Friulian capital
411:
400:
296:
66:
46:
1727:
1695:
1690:
1670:
1533:
1493:
1463:
1406:
1391:
1376:
1307:
1292:
1209:
1189:
1062:
679:
658:
606:
591:
505:
467:
196:
122:
32:
1585:
2210:
2106:
2100:
1700:
1675:
1548:
1543:
1528:
1523:
1458:
1453:
1436:
1401:
1194:
1172:
1116:
1055:
944:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 1010–1012.
728:
667:
575:
392:
312:
300:
223:
146:
2250:
1894:
1732:
1236:
1110:
1082:
956:
935:
602:
587:
387:
region borders with
Carinthia. The western lands around Verona comprised the
656:. However, in 1164, the most important cities formed the Veronese League, a
1267:
1122:
1102:
532:
396:
372:
1820:
1685:
380:
348:
340:
280:
16:
Frontier territory of the Holy Roman Empire in northeast Italy (952–1167)
971:. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 504.
544:
404:
751:
684:
352:
1087:
388:
376:
590:. Trentino remained under episcopal rule—contested by the Counts of
1805:
1287:
1092:
1035:
689:
556:
493:
356:
332:
308:
288:
256:
1067:
1028:
431:
427:
272:
344:
1575:
674:
end of the march, confirmed by the
Lombard victory at the 1176
567:
384:
364:
336:
328:
324:
284:
108:
1553:
1077:
1050:
618:
552:
435:
415:
360:
251:
95:
929:
410:
Beside the capital Verona near the southwestern border with
1045:
960:
519:
After several revolts led by his Bavarian cousins, Emperor
446:, and significant in the—ultimately failed—attempts of the
508:
was attached to Verona as a county. From 952 to 975, both
100:
Italy about 1050, with the Veronese march in the northeast
652:
of the remaining Veronese march and enfeoffed Margrave
731:, count from 930 or 931, ruled as margrave under Henry
621:, who went on to rule their Swabian territories as a "
474:. It was separated from the Italian kingdom after the
347:(SoÄŤa) in the east, the upper SoÄŤa valley within the
1008:
2262:States and territories disestablished in the 1160s
586:authority, elevating them to the rank of Imperial
801:1039 – 1047 vacant, directly ruled by King
2248:
2194:
355:region. Initially it also included present-day
2257:States and territories established in the 950s
705:
279:in the northeastern Italian region during the
994:
38:
1397:Patria del Friuli (Patriarchate of Aquileia)
928:Coolidge, William Augustus Brevoort (1911).
776:989 – 995 Henry II the Wrangler, again
773:985 – 989 Henry III the Younger, again
755:Carinthian panther of the dukes of Carinthia
426:in the east, as well as the major cities of
24:
1001:
987:
94:
633:, like Trent an immediate vassal of King
323:The march roughly comprised the historic
955:
927:
750:
1352:Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca
363:river in the northwest. Except for the
2249:
982:
864:
746:
2267:Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
720:, also margrave of Friuli and Istria
383:in the north, where the mountainous
311:regime ended with the advent of the
295:in 952, it was held by the Dukes of
710:
13:
14:
2288:
2161:United Provinces of Central Italy
470:last held by Berengar's liensman
450:to maintain the rule over Italy.
2272:Marches of the Holy Roman Empire
1010:List of historic states of Italy
460:Marca Veronensis et Aquileiensis
228:
214:
189:
2143:Provisional Government of Milan
351:is today part of the Slovenian
1342:City of Fiume and its District
949:
921:
779:995 – 1004 Otto I, again
555:to represent them, instead of
1:
1777:County of Apulia and Calabria
1283:Campagna e Marittima Province
946:, gives dates of 951 and 962.
331:regions from the border with
482:had campaigned against King
318:
283:, centered on the cities of
269:March of Verona and Aquileia
22:March of Verona and Aquileia
7:
2179:Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
2173:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
2125:Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
1303:Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
706:List of Margraves of Verona
275:(frontier district) of the
10:
2293:
2119:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
2113:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
1514:Prince-Bishopric of Trento
1484:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
1469:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
500:under Otto's brother Duke
453:
2231:Free Territory of Trieste
2091:
2021:
1960:
1943:
1867:
1804:
1767:
1749:Principality of Benevento
1741:
1718:
1663:
1652:
1594:
1564:
1316:
1266:
1220:
1151:
1138:
1101:
1016:
339:River in the west to the
244:
168:
164:
160:
156:
142:
132:
128:
118:
114:
104:
93:
88:
55:
21:
2137:Italian United Provinces
1489:Principality of Piombino
1278:Patrimony of Saint Peter
914:
631:Patriarchate of Aquileia
547:, and in turn the title
371:, it stretched from the
2225:Italian Social Republic
1900:Principality of Taranto
1792:Principality of Taranto
1754:Principality of Salerno
1509:Bishopric of Tarantasia
1332:Bishopric of Bressanone
1249:Duchy of the Pentapolis
968:Encyclopædia Britannica
941:Encyclopædia Britannica
670:; this constituted the
627:Investiture Controversy
144:• Formation of the
2131:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1905:Terra Sancti Benedicti
1809:(from the 9th century)
1519:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
790:Adalbero of Eppenstein
756:
648:finally divested Duke
39:
25:
2149:Republic of San Marco
1931:Crown Colony of Malta
1759:Principality of Capua
1499:Marquisate of Saluzzo
1362:County of Santa Fiora
1024:Etruscan civilization
829:Liutold of Eppenstein
762:Henry III the Younger
754:
740:Henry II the Wrangler
646:Conrad III of Germany
26:Markgrafschaft Verona
2277:Marquisates of Italy
1945:French Revolutionary
1885:State of the Presidi
1609:Republic of Florence
1581:Domini di Terraferma
1231:Exarchate of Ravenna
1129:Western Roman Empire
1073:Nuragic civilization
699:Domini di Terraferma
664:Frederick Barbarossa
650:Henry V of Carinthia
527:and established the
523:in 976 deposed Duke
484:Berengar II of Italy
464:Berengar I of Friuli
462:was created by King
375:to the crest of the
79:Margraviate of Baden
2219:Free State of Fiume
2167:Kingdom of Sardinia
1910:Neapolitan Republic
1858:Kingdom of Sardinia
1853:Republic of Sassari
1681:Catepanate of Italy
1604:Republic of Cospaia
1427:Duchy of Montferrat
1422:March of Montferrat
1357:County of Guastalla
1257:Exarchate of Africa
654:Herman III of Baden
635:Henry IV of Germany
564:Henry II of Germany
525:Henry II of Bavaria
504:. At that time the
448:Holy Roman Emperors
134:• Established
2049:Lucca and Piombino
1926:Malta Protectorate
1890:Duke of San Donato
1644:Republic of Ancona
1566:Republic of Venice
1479:Duchy of Mirandola
1367:Duchy of Guastalla
1205:Duchy of Tridentum
1185:Duchy of Benevento
1152:Barbarian kingdoms
906:1250 – 1268
899:1243 – 1250
891:1223 – 1233
884:1190 – 1243
877:1160 – 1190
870:1151 – 1160
865:Margraves of Baden
857:1144 – 1151
851:1135 – 1144
845:1123 – 1135
839:1122 – 1123
833:1090 – 1122
827:1077 – 1090
821:1061 – 1077
815:1056 – 1061
809:1047 – 1055
798:, son of Conrad I
794:1035 – 1039
788:1011 – 1035
782:1004 – 1011
757:
747:Dukes of Carinthia
615:House of Zähringen
549:Margrave of Verona
529:Duchy of Carinthia
305:Duchy of Carinthia
73:Duchy of Carinthia
2244:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2087:
2086:
2054:Massa and Carrara
1939:
1938:
1916:Hospitaller Malta
1875:Kingdom of Naples
1869:Kingdom of Sicily
1800:
1799:
1710:Duchy of Sorrento
1629:Republic of Genoa
1624:Republic of Siena
1619:Republic of Massa
1614:Republic of Lucca
1347:County of Gorizia
1337:Corsican Republic
1318:Holy Roman Empire
903:, son of Herman V
676:Battle of Legnano
580:Emperor Conrad II
537:Henry the Younger
293:Otto I of Germany
291:. Seized by King
277:Holy Roman Empire
265:
264:
240:
239:
236:
235:
210:Patria del Friuli
202:
201:
61:Holy Roman Empire
2284:
2205:Kingdom of Italy
2192:
2191:
1958:
1957:
1787:County of Sicily
1782:County of Aversa
1705:Byzantine Sicily
1691:Theme of Lucania
1661:
1660:
1639:Republic of Pisa
1634:Republic of Noli
1504:Duchy of Spoleto
1474:Duchy of Merania
1372:Kingdom of Italy
1298:Duchy of Ferrara
1243:Duchy of Perugia
1222:Byzantine Empire
1200:Duchy of Spoleto
1167:Ostrogothic rule
1149:
1148:
1017:Pre-Roman period
1003:
996:
989:
980:
979:
973:
972:
964:
953:
947:
945:
933:
925:
767:978 – 985
760:976 – 978
738:955 – 975
727:953 – 955
716:951 – 955
711:Dukes of Bavaria
572:Bishops of Trent
570:(Trient) to the
531:under the loyal
514:Ottonian dynasty
422:and the port of
401:Venetian Prealps
232:
231:
218:
217:
206:
205:
193:
192:
186:
185:
170:
169:
98:
67:Duchy of Bavaria
50:
42:
36:
28:
19:
18:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2236:
2190:
2093:
2092:Post-Napoleonic
2083:
2017:
1953:
1947:
1935:
1877:
1873:
1872:(1130–1816) and
1871:
1863:
1808:
1796:
1763:
1737:
1728:Emirate of Bari
1714:
1701:Theme of Sicily
1696:Duchy of Naples
1671:Duchy of Amalfi
1656:
1648:
1596:
1595:Other Republics
1590:
1568:
1560:
1554:County of Tenda
1534:County of Savoy
1494:Duchy of Reggio
1464:Duchy of Mantua
1392:March of Friuli
1324:
1322:
1320:
1312:
1308:Duchy of Urbino
1293:Duchy of Castro
1270:
1262:
1216:
1210:Duchy of Tuscia
1190:Duchy of Friuli
1153:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1134:
1113:(753 BC–509 BC)
1097:
1012:
1007:
977:
976:
954:
950:
926:
922:
917:
910:, son, beheaded
867:
749:
713:
708:
680:lords of Verona
562:From 1004 King
506:March of Istria
486:in 951. At the
468:March of Friuli
456:
321:
261:
229:
215:
197:Duchy of Friuli
190:
149:
145:
135:
123:Medieval Europe
99:
84:
51:
44:
40:Marca de Verona
37:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2290:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2211:Italian Empire
2201:
2199:
2189:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2155:Roman Republic
2152:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2107:Duchy of Lucca
2104:
2101:Duchy of Genoa
2097:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1955:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1879:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1812:
1810:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1676:Duchy of Gaeta
1673:
1667:
1665:
1658:
1654:Southern Italy
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1597:(c. 1000–1797)
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1572:
1570:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1549:County of Nice
1546:
1544:Duchy of Aosta
1541:
1536:
1531:
1524:Savoyard state
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1459:Duchy of Milan
1456:
1454:Duchy of Ivrea
1451:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1326:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1227:
1225:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1195:Duchy of Ivrea
1192:
1187:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1161:Odoacer's rule
1157:
1155:
1146:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1126:
1125:(27 BC–395 AD)
1120:
1119:(509 BC–27 BC)
1117:Roman Republic
1114:
1107:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1056:Cisalpine Gaul
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1006:
1005:
998:
991:
983:
975:
974:
959:, ed. (1911).
957:Chisholm, Hugh
948:
936:Chisholm, Hugh
919:
918:
916:
913:
912:
911:
904:
897:
896:
895:
882:
875:
866:
863:
862:
861:
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
813:
807:
806:
805:
792:
786:
780:
777:
774:
771:
765:
748:
745:
744:
743:
742:, son, deposed
735:
734:
733:
732:
722:
721:
712:
709:
707:
704:
668:Lombard League
605:enfeoffed the
596:secularisation
588:Prince-Bishops
455:
452:
367:controlled by
359:uphill to the
320:
317:
313:Lombard League
301:personal union
299:; from 976 in
263:
262:
260:
259:
254:
248:
246:
242:
241:
238:
237:
234:
233:
226:
224:Lombard League
220:
219:
212:
203:
200:
199:
194:
182:
181:
176:
166:
165:
162:
161:
158:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:Lombard League
143:
140:
139:
136:
133:
130:
129:
126:
125:
120:
119:Historical era
116:
115:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
91:
90:
86:
85:
83:
82:
76:
70:
63:
53:
52:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2289:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2193:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2090:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1895:Duchy of Sora
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
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1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
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1814:
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1811:
1807:
1803:
1793:
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1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1733:Muslim Sicily
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
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1679:
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1659:
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1607:
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1602:
1601:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
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1574:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
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1527:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
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1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
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1448:
1445:
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1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
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1329:
1327:
1319:
1315:
1309:
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1301:
1299:
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1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1258:
1255:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1237:Duchy of Rome
1235:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1137:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1111:Roman Kingdom
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1083:Magna Graecia
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1004:
999:
997:
992:
990:
985:
984:
981:
970:
969:
963:
958:
952:
943:
942:
937:
932:
931:"Tirol"
924:
920:
909:
905:
902:
898:
894:
890:
889:
887:
883:
880:
876:
873:
869:
868:
860:
856:
854:
850:
848:
844:
842:
838:
836:
832:
830:
826:
824:
820:
818:
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
799:
797:
793:
791:
787:
785:
781:
778:
775:
772:
770:
766:
763:
759:
758:
753:
741:
737:
736:
730:
726:
725:
724:
723:
719:
715:
714:
703:
701:
700:
695:
691:
687:
686:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
660:
655:
651:
647:
643:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
603:Empress Agnes
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
560:
559:, in Verona.
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
490:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
451:
449:
445:
441:
440:Alpine passes
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
258:
255:
253:
250:
249:
247:
245:Today part of
243:
227:
225:
222:
221:
213:
211:
208:
207:
204:
198:
195:
188:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
175:
172:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
148:
141:
137:
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
97:
92:
87:
80:
77:
74:
71:
68:
65:
64:
62:
58:
54:
48:
41:
34:
27:
20:
2207:(1861–1946)
2185:Papal States
2013:Transpadania
1586:Stato da MĂ r
1446:
1268:Papal States
1179:Lombard rule
1143:Early Modern
1131:(395–476 AD)
1123:Roman Empire
1103:Ancient Rome
966:
962:"Welf"
951:
939:
923:
697:
693:
683:
671:
657:
642:Hohenstaufen
640:In 1151 the
639:
600:
561:
548:
518:
487:
459:
457:
418:with nearby
409:
397:Berici Hills
373:Adriatic Sea
322:
268:
266:
179:Succeeded by
178:
173:
2233:(1947–1954)
2227:(1943–1945)
2221:(1920–1924)
2213:(1882–1960)
2197:unification
2187:(1814–1870)
2181:(1815–1866)
2175:(1816–1861)
2169:(1814–1860)
2163:(1859–1860)
2157:(1849–1850)
2151:(1848–1849)
2133:(1815–1859)
2127:(1814–1859)
2121:(1814–1859)
2115:(1814–1829)
2109:(1815–1847)
2103:(1815–1848)
1993:Parthenopea
1954:(1792–1815)
1912:(1647–1648)
1878:(1282–1816)
1860:(1324–1861)
1821:Agugliastra
1686:Longobardia
1323:independent
1173:Vandal rule
908:Frederick I
694:della Scala
623:Margraviate
594:—until its
578:successor,
545:city-states
533:Luitpolding
492:meeting at
442:leading to
381:Carnic Alps
349:Julian Alps
341:Tagliamento
281:Middle Ages
271:was a vast
174:Preceded by
81:(1151–1167)
2251:Categories
2064:Pontecorvo
2022:Monarchies
2008:Subalpinia
1973:Cispadania
1968:Cisalpinia
1950:Napoleonic
1657:(774–1139)
1569:(697–1797)
1271:(754–1870)
1233:(584–751)
1181:(568–774)
872:Herman III
823:Berthold I
817:Conrad III
659:Städtebund
405:Lake Garda
309:margravial
75:(976–1151)
2039:Guastalla
2029:Benevento
1961:Republics
1816:Judicates
1664:Byzantine
1321:and other
1259:(585–698)
1251:(554–752)
1245:(554–752)
1239:(533–751)
1224:(584–751)
1175:(435–534)
1169:(493–553)
1163:(476–493)
1154:(476–774)
1088:Iapygians
901:Herman VI
879:Herman IV
847:Engelbert
803:Henry III
796:Conrad II
764:, deposed
688:from the
682:were the
613:from the
598:in 1803.
584:immediate
557:margraves
510:Carinthia
489:Reichstag
389:Po Valley
377:Dolomites
319:Geography
315:in 1167.
303:with the
69:(952–976)
1998:Piedmont
1848:Oristano
1841:Logudoro
1831:Cagliari
1806:Sardinia
1539:Piedmont
1288:Holy See
1139:Medieval
1093:Picentes
1036:Samnites
893:Ezzelino
886:Herman V
859:Henry VI
853:Ulrich I
835:Henry IV
784:Conrad I
690:Scaliger
685:podestĂ s
672:de facto
611:Berthold
601:In 1061
494:Augsburg
420:Cividale
393:Euganean
379:and the
357:Trentino
343:and the
335:and the
333:Lombardy
289:Aquileia
257:Slovenia
89:952–1167
2079:Corsica
2069:Tuscany
2034:Etruria
1983:Liguria
1836:Gallura
1826:Arborea
1742:Lombard
1442:Tuscany
1432:Trieste
1068:Ligures
1029:Etruria
938:(ed.).
841:Henry V
718:Henry I
607:Swabian
541:commune
535:vassal
521:Otto II
502:Henry I
498:Bavaria
472:Walfred
454:History
444:Germany
432:Treviso
428:Vicenza
412:Tuscany
365:lagoons
353:Goriška
297:Bavaria
105:Capital
47:Italian
2145:(1848)
2139:(1831)
2094:states
2059:Naples
1769:Norman
1576:Dogado
1447:Verona
1412:Mantua
1407:Istria
1387:Finale
1377:Ancona
1325:states
1145:states
1063:Veneti
1041:Latins
888:, son
769:Otto I
609:count
576:Salian
574:. His
568:Trento
553:vicars
480:Otto I
476:German
434:, and
399:, the
391:, the
385:Carnia
369:Venice
345:Isonzo
337:Chiese
329:Veneto
325:Friuli
307:. The
285:Verona
109:Verona
43:
33:German
29:
2195:Post-
2044:Italy
1988:Lucca
1978:Italy
1529:Savoy
1437:Turin
1417:Milan
1402:Ivrea
1078:Umbri
1051:Celts
934:. In
915:Notes
881:, son
874:, son
644:King
619:Baden
592:Tyrol
478:king
436:Padua
424:Grado
416:Udine
361:Adige
273:march
252:Italy
57:March
2074:Elba
2003:Rome
1952:eras
1948:and
1921:Gozo
1720:Arab
1703:and
1382:Ceva
1046:Osci
811:Welf
729:Milo
458:The
403:and
395:and
327:and
287:and
267:The
152:1167
1141:and
138:952
59:of
2253::
965:.
702:.
637:.
516:.
430:,
407:.
1002:e
995:t
988:v
692:(
49:)
45:(
35:)
31:(
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