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Marian Smoluchowski

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wrote in an obituary of Smoluchowski: "With great pleasure I recall the charm of his life, his noble cordiality, combined with exquisite kindness. I wish I could render the curious appeal of his personality, recall how temperate he was, how modest and elegantly diffident, yet always full of a pure,
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began the following year, the work conditions became unusually difficult, as the spacious and modern Physics Department building, built by Witkowski a short time before, was turned into a military hospital. The possibility of working in that building had been one of the reasons Smoluchowski had
347:, and Boltzmann returned to Vienna in 1894 when Smoluchowski was serving in the Austrian army. They apparently had no direct contact, although Smoluchowski's work follows in the tradition of Boltzmann's ideas. 1205:
A. Einstein and M. von Smoluchowski: "Untersuchungen über die Theorie der Brownschen Bewegung. Abhandlung über die Brownsche Bewegung und verwandte Erscheinungen", Harri Deutsch, 1997. (
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of matter. In 1904 he discovered density fluctuations in the gas phase, and in 1908 he was the first physicist to ascribe the phenomenon of
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S. Ulam (1957) Marian Smoluchowski and the Theory of Probabilities in Physics, American Journal of Physics, 25, 475-481 (ISSN 0002-9505).
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S. Chandrasekhar, M. Kac, R. Smoluchowski, "Marian Smoluchowski - his life and scientific work", ed. by R.S. Ingarden, PWN, Warszawa 1999.
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passed a special resolution on the 100th anniversary of Smoluchowski's death establishing 2017 as the "Year of Marian Smoluchowski".
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Smoluchowski was a member of the Copernicus Society of Natural Scientists and the Polish Academy of Sciences and Letters.
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Chandrasekhar, S. (1943). Stochastic problems in physics and astronomy. Reviews of modern physics, 15(1), 1.
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for his theoretical investigation of Brownian motion. In 1913, he was the Wolfskehl Foundation lecturer at
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decided to move to Kraków. Smoluchowski was now forced to work in the apartment of the late Professor
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After several years at other universities (Paris, Glasgow, Berlin), in 1899 Smoluchowski moved to
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internet version of Wielka Encyklopedia Tatrzańska, entry Marian Smoluchowski (as a mountaineer)
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named Smoluchowski among the greatest Polish physicists of the 20th century alongside
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Professor Marian Baraniecki. They had two children, Aldona Smoluchowska (1902–84) and
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Streets in several Polish cities bear the name of Smoluchowski including in
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His non-professional interests included skiing, mountain climbing in the
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to take over a chair in the Experimental Physics Department, succeeding
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A. Fuliński: On Marian Smoluchowski's life and contribution to physics
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In 1901, he had married Zofia Baraniecka (1881-1959), the daughter of
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B, Vol. 29 (1998), No 6, pp. 1523–1537 (Retrieved 13 April 2010)
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Smoluchowski lectured in experimental physics; his students included
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to large density fluctuations. His investigations explained the
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umcs.lublin.pl Chronological Table of Marian Smoluchowski's Life
692:"Why Is the Sky Blue? The Polish Scientist Who Found the Answer" 351: 1343: 585: 475: 373:, who had long envisioned Smoluchowski as his successor. When 344: 316: 91: 454:
In 1916 he proposed the equation for diffusion in an external
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bears the name of Smoluchowski in honour of the scientist.
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Zapomniany geniusz fizyki: rzecz o Marianie Smoluchowskim
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as a consequence of light scattering in the atmosphere.
271:; 28 May 1872 – 5 September 1917) was a Polish 943: 354:(present-day Lviv), where he took a position at the 283:
and made significant contributions to the theory of
424:Smoluchowski conducted fundamental research on the 311:He was born in 1872 into an upper-class family in 1283: 937: 1355: 818: 743:"Marian Smoluchowski – w setną rocznicę śmierci" 1280:(papers as pdf files) (Retrieved 13 April 2010) 1247:Einstein and Smoluchowski; Critical Opalescence 944:O'Connor, J J; Robertson, E F (November 2006). 689: 501:, watercolor painting, and playing the piano. 1207:Ostwalds Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften 1202:. Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 1977. 1069:"Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics" 29: 1414:Academic staff of Jagiellonian University 672:Timeline of Polish science and technology 504: 1419:Academic staff of the University of Lviv 740: 508: 360:Polish Copernicus Society of Naturalists 323:and subsequently studied physics at the 1295:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive 1278:M. Smoluchowski's Writings in 3 Volumes 1235:) pp. 299–302. New York: Springer. 1146:"Fizyka w Polsce wczoraj, dziś i jutro" 1356: 1223:E. Seneta (2001) Marian Smoluchowski, 637:In 2022, Jan Grzanka published a book 275:who worked in the territories of the 266: 1409:Infectious disease deaths in Poland 1326:, after Zofia i Witold H. Paryscy, 1200:Marian Smoluchowski, Leben und Werk 690:Blanka Konopka (21 February 2022). 13: 513:Marian Smoluchowski's bust at the 482:settled in the United States (the 14: 1435: 1261: 343:during Smoluchowski's studies in 327:(1890-95). His teachers included 121:Smoluchowski coagulation equation 1342: 573:The Institute of Physics of the 563:named one of the craters on the 561:International Astronomical Union 461: 458:. This equation bears his name. 249: 81:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 1424:Physicists from Austria-Hungary 1163: 1138: 1112: 1086: 1061: 1036: 1019:"Medal Mariana Smoluchowskiego" 1011: 985: 960: 912: 137:Helmholtz–Smoluchowski equation 1374:20th-century Polish physicists 1328:Wielka Encyklopedia Tatrzańska 1225:Statisticians of the Centuries 894: 868: 859: 812: 786: 761: 734: 709: 683: 529:. In 1908, he was awarded the 443:, he independently explained 365:In 1913 Smoluchowski moved to 297:Einstein–Smoluchowski relation 129:Einstein–Smoluchowski relation 1: 1389:Burials at Rakowicki Cemetery 1192: 972:mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk 924:mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk 773:mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk 721:mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk 268:[ˈmarjansmɔluˈxɔfski] 570:after the Polish physicist. 535:Austrian Academy of Sciences 484:Institute for Advanced Study 301:Feynman–Smoluchowski ratchet 133:Feynman–Smoluchowski ratchet 16:Polish physicist (1872–1917) 7: 993:"M.P. 1936 nr 263 poz. 464" 644: 10: 1440: 1048:planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov 616:Andrzej Kajetan Wróblewski 543:Order of Polonia Restituta 407:in 1917, as a result of a 358:. He was president of the 160:Order of Polonia Restituta 155:Vienna Academy of Sciences 1338:(Retrieved 13 April 2010) 1274:(Retrieved 13 April 2010) 1245:, chapter 5, section 5e. 819:Smoluchowski, M. (1906), 667:Marian Smoluchowski Medal 554:Marian Smoluchowski Medal 248: 243: 239: 213: 197: 183: 173: 166: 146: 107: 97: 87: 65: 40: 28: 21: 1394:Polish Austro-Hungarians 1379:Polish mountain climbers 1300:University of St Andrews 1100:(in Polish). 1 July 2017 848:10.1002/andp.19063261405 677: 521:In 1901, he received an 575:Jagiellonian University 550:Polish Physical Society 468:Jagiellonian University 439:In 1906, shortly after 419: 306: 277:Austro-Hungarian Empire 1384:Scientists from Vienna 1044:"PDF Maps of The Moon" 518: 505:Awards and recognition 291:. He is known for the 279:. He was a pioneer of 192:Jagellonian University 1404:Deaths from dysentery 1351:at Wikimedia Commons 1290:"Marian Smoluchowski" 968:"Marian Smoluchowski" 946:"Marian Smoluchowski" 920:"Marian Smoluchowski" 769:"Marian Smoluchowski" 717:"Marian Smoluchowski" 527:University of Glasgow 515:University of Wrocław 512: 434:blue color of the sky 403:Smoluchowski died in 321:Collegium Theresianum 293:Smoluchowski equation 117:Smoluchowski equation 35:Smoluchowski ca. 1913 1286:Robertson, Edmund F. 902:"Roman Smoluchowski" 651:Critical opalescence 449:stochastic processes 430:critical opalescence 411:epidemic. Professor 325:University of Vienna 289:stochastic processes 141:critical opalescence 102:University of Vienna 1399:People from Mödling 1349:Marian Smoluchowski 1314:Acta Phys. Polonica 1284:O'Connor, John J.; 840:1906AnP...326..756V 747:forumakademickie.pl 339:held a position at 281:statistical physics 260:Marian Smoluchowski 125:Smoluchowski factor 113:statistical physics 23:Marian Smoluchowski 1243:Subtle is the Lord 828:Annalen der Physik 523:honorary doctorate 519: 472:Roman Smoluchowski 416:spontaneous joy." 413:Władysław Natanson 356:University of Lwów 188:University of Lviv 1347:Media related to 1150:labfiz.uwb.edu.pl 395:Wacław Dziewulski 341:Munich University 257: 256: 231:Wacław Dziewulski 214:Doctoral students 168:Scientific career 1431: 1346: 1325: 1311: 1302: 1273: 1187: 1186: 1184: 1182: 1167: 1161: 1160: 1158: 1156: 1142: 1136: 1135: 1133: 1131: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1107: 1105: 1090: 1084: 1083: 1081: 1079: 1065: 1059: 1058: 1056: 1054: 1040: 1034: 1033: 1031: 1029: 1015: 1009: 1008: 1006: 1004: 997:isap.sejm.gov.pl 989: 983: 982: 980: 978: 964: 958: 957: 955: 953: 941: 935: 934: 932: 930: 916: 910: 909: 898: 892: 891: 889: 887: 872: 866: 863: 857: 856: 855: 854: 825: 816: 810: 809: 807: 805: 790: 784: 783: 781: 779: 765: 759: 758: 756: 754: 738: 732: 731: 729: 727: 713: 707: 706: 704: 702: 687: 609:Senate of Poland 552:established the 371:August Witkowski 337:Ludwig Boltzmann 270: 265: 253: 199:Doctoral advisor 72: 69:5 September 1917 50: 48: 33: 19: 18: 1439: 1438: 1434: 1433: 1432: 1430: 1429: 1428: 1354: 1353: 1323: 1309: 1271: 1264: 1195: 1190: 1180: 1178: 1169: 1168: 1164: 1154: 1152: 1144: 1143: 1139: 1129: 1127: 1118: 1117: 1113: 1103: 1101: 1098:naukawpolsce.pl 1092: 1091: 1087: 1077: 1075: 1067: 1066: 1062: 1052: 1050: 1042: 1041: 1037: 1027: 1025: 1017: 1016: 1012: 1002: 1000: 991: 990: 986: 976: 974: 966: 965: 961: 951: 949: 942: 938: 928: 926: 918: 917: 913: 900: 899: 895: 885: 883: 874: 873: 869: 864: 860: 852: 850: 834:(14): 756–780, 823: 817: 813: 803: 801: 792: 791: 787: 777: 775: 767: 766: 762: 752: 750: 739: 735: 725: 723: 715: 714: 710: 700: 698: 688: 684: 680: 656:Electrophoresis 647: 624:Karol Olszewski 531:Haitinger Prize 507: 499:Tatra Mountains 464: 456:potential field 445:Brownian motion 441:Albert Einstein 422: 391:Stanisław Loria 387:Józef Patkowski 380:Karol Olszewski 362:, (1906–1907). 309: 285:Brownian motion 263: 235: 226:Stanisław Loria 221:Józef Patkowski 190: 158: 151:Haitinger Prize 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 98:Alma mater 83: 74: 70: 61: 59:Austria-Hungary 52: 46: 44: 36: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1437: 1427: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1340: 1339: 1330:, 1995, 2004, 1317: 1303: 1281: 1275: 1263: 1262:External links 1260: 1259: 1258: 1241:Abraham Pais, 1239: 1236: 1221: 1218: 1203: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1188: 1162: 1137: 1111: 1085: 1073:fais.uj.edu.pl 1060: 1035: 1010: 984: 959: 936: 911: 893: 867: 858: 811: 785: 760: 741:Józef Spałek. 733: 708: 681: 679: 676: 675: 674: 669: 664: 658: 653: 646: 643: 628:Jerzy Pniewski 506: 503: 463: 460: 426:kinetic theory 421: 418: 329:Franz S. 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Heyde 1177:(in Polish) 1126:(in Polish) 999:(in Polish) 906:www.ias.edu 882:(in Polish) 800:(in Polish) 749:(in Polish) 620:Marie Curie 375:World War I 111:Pioneering 88:Nationality 51:28 May 1872 1358:Categories 1308:pdf file, 1198:A. Teske, 1193:Literature 1181:5 November 1155:5 November 1130:6 November 1104:6 November 1078:5 November 1053:5 November 1028:5 November 1023:ptf.net.pl 1003:5 November 977:6 November 952:5 November 929:6 November 886:6 November 853:2008-08-29 804:6 November 778:6 November 753:6 November 726:6 November 696:culture.pl 614:Physicist 47:1872-05-28 1233:E. Seneta 1175:empik.com 539:Göttingen 525:from the 517:, Poland. 488:Princeton 409:dysentery 273:physicist 244:Signature 1124:prawo.pl 880:prawo.pl 798:prawo.pl 701:30 April 645:See also 497:and the 836:Bibcode 602:Wrocław 590:Malbork 533:of the 315:, near 264:Polish: 178:Physics 153:of the 1334:  1253:  1213:  598:Poznań 594:Kraków 586:Lublin 582:Gdańsk 476:Poland 405:Kraków 367:Kraków 345:Vienna 317:Vienna 174:Fields 162:(1936) 157:(1908) 147:Awards 92:Polish 77:Kraków 1227:(ed. 824:(PDF) 678:Notes 1332:ISBN 1251:ISBN 1231:and 1211:ISBN 1183:2023 1157:2023 1132:2023 1106:2023 1080:2023 1055:2023 1030:2023 1005:2023 979:2023 954:2023 931:2023 888:2023 806:2023 780:2023 755:2023 728:2023 703:2023 630:and 600:and 565:Moon 495:Alps 420:Work 393:and 352:Lwów 331:and 307:Life 299:and 287:and 206:and 66:Died 41:Born 844:doi 490:). 486:at 335:. 1360:: 1322:, 1312:, 1298:, 1292:, 1288:, 1270:, 1173:. 1148:. 1122:. 1096:. 1071:. 1046:. 1021:. 995:. 970:. 922:. 904:. 878:. 842:, 832:21 830:, 826:, 796:. 771:. 745:. 719:. 694:. 634:. 626:, 622:, 604:. 596:, 592:, 588:, 584:, 545:. 451:. 397:. 389:, 303:. 295:, 79:, 57:, 1257:. 1217:. 1185:. 1159:. 1134:. 1108:. 1082:. 1057:. 1032:. 1007:. 981:. 956:. 933:. 908:. 890:. 846:: 838:: 808:. 782:. 757:. 730:. 705:. 262:( 49:) 45:(

Index


Vorder-Brühl
Austria-Hungary
Kraków
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Polish
University of Vienna
statistical physics
Smoluchowski equation
Smoluchowski coagulation equation
Smoluchowski factor
Einstein–Smoluchowski relation
Feynman–Smoluchowski ratchet
Helmholtz–Smoluchowski equation
critical opalescence
Haitinger Prize
Vienna Academy of Sciences
Order of Polonia Restituta
Physics
University of Lviv
Jagellonian University
Doctoral advisor
Franz S. Exner
Joseph Stefan
Józef Patkowski
Stanisław Loria
Wacław Dziewulski

[ˈmarjansmɔluˈxɔfski]
physicist

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