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surface can be rinsed by rainfall, which will reduce the tendency for surface chlorides to concentrate by evaporation. Thus, the underside of overhangs will be more susceptible to corrosion due to lack of rinsing, also desert locations near the seashore will typically be more corrosive than seashores in locations with high rainfall.
738:
421:(trade name): Nitronic 50 is a fully austenitic grade (super austenitic, low magnetism), even when cold worked. Nitronic 60 is an example of a non-molybdenum grade performing well in seawater, being more resistant to pitting in sea water than 316 due to high levels of Si and N; the N also increases the yield strength.
409:
Concentrations of chloride in seawater can vary, and splash zones can cause concentrations to increase dramatically by evaporation, thus the corrosive severity of marine environments can vary. The resistance of any stainless steel near the seashore will also be dependent on whether the stainless
343:
Non-standard grades include 316H which has a "high" carbon content of greater than 0.04% giving it a high creep rupture strength at high temperatures, 316L(Hi)N which is an extra-high nitrogen grade (0.16—0.30%), 316Ti which is stabilized by
259:
Low-carbon grade for handling paper pulp as well as the production of rayon, rubber, textile bleaches, and high-temperature industrial equipment. This is the preferred grade for medical implants as it is resistant to
352:(the code comes from "columbium", the former name, prevalent in the U.S., of niobium), 316L-SCQ which is a high-purity version of 316L, and 316LS which specially adapted for surgical implants.
539:
457:
Like other grades of stainless steel, marine grade stainless steel is a relatively poor conductor of both heat and of electricity when compared to metals and other conductive materials.
302:
grade with reduced molybdenum and correspondingly increased phosphorus and sulfur for automatic machine screw parts as well as surgical implants and pharmaceutical processing equipment.
222:
General grade for food processing, chemical storage and transport, textile dying equipment, cladding of nuclear fuel, and oil refining equipment as well as some medical implants.
125:
is made from subtypes of 316 stainless steel. In addition to molybdenum, 316 also contains a number of other elements in varying concentrations (see table below).
591:
572:
34:
in seawater. Concentrations of salt in seawater can vary, and splash zones can cause concentrations to increase dramatically from the spray and evaporation.
384:, or is simply near enough to the seashore such that it can be attacked by the chloride present in seawater by splashing or carried by onshore breeze.
743:
733:
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368:
There is no industry recognized definition for a marine grade stainless steel, even though the phrase is routinely used by many end-users.
710:
652:
380:) of susceptible stainless steels. In a marine environment it must be made clear as to whether the stainless steel is submerged in
337:
High-nitrogen grade with increased resistance to pitting and to corrosion in crevices. Used for chemical handling accessories.
121:
While 316 is not completely rust-proof, the alloy is more corrosion resistant than other common stainless steels. For example,
505:
388:
920:
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greater than 40 is typically specified as the minimum for resistance to seawater. Stainless steels, such as super
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than most other grades of steel without molybdenum. The fact that it is negligibly responsive to
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628:
Waterpower '89: Proceedings of the
International Conference on Hydropower. Generators, Volume 3
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396:
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Oberg, E.; et al. (1996). Machinery’s
Handbook (25th ed.). Industrial Press Inc., pp. 411-412.
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Visible evidence of corrosive attack in a marine environment is known as "tea staining".
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means that it can be used in applications where a non-magnetic metal is required.
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41:
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is typically considered the minimum grade for use in such a marine environment.
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Galled NPT threads on a stainless steel fitting that was tightened too much
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Gerhard
Schiroky, Anibal Dam, Akinyemi Okeremi, Charlie Speed (2013).
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671:"Conductive Materials or Metal Conductivity – TIBTECH innovations"
540:"Pitting and Crevice Corrosion of Offshore Stainless Steel Tubing"
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592:"Stainless Steels in Architecture, Building and Construction"
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27:
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Australian
Stainless Steel Development Association (ASSDA)
399:(for example UNS S32760 or S32750) meet this requirement.
474:
Material
Properties Data: Marine Grade Stainless Steel
631:. American Society of Civil Engineers. p. 1428.
570:
64:environments because of its greater resistance to
521:"Selecting stainless steels for seawater service"
970:
734:Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers
573:"Selecting Stainless Steels for Seawater Pumps"
493:
387:When the stainless steel will be submerged, a
704:
653:"Preventing Coastal Corrosion – Tea Staining"
355:
556:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
413:
372:ions can cause localized corrosive attack (
93:It has been suggested that this section be
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614:. American Society for Metals. July 1979.
497:Alloy Digest Sourcebook: Stainless Steels
487:
445:
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264:(grain boundary carbide precipitation).
112:
60:). It is the preferred steel for use in
395:(for example UNS S31254 or N08367), or
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744:Société des ingénieurs de l'automobile
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389:pitting resistance equivalent number
129:Stainless steel designations
79:
525:British Stainless Steel Association
26:to resist the corrosive effects of
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14:
990:
364:316 wire rope for marine industry
52:steel and the second most common
500:, ASM International, p. 8,
117:316 alloy crystal microstructure
84:
921:Engineering Societies' Building
663:
645:
348:, 316Cb which is stabilized by
16:Type 316 austinitic alloy steel
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397:super duplex stainless steels
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56:stainless steel (after grade
905:SAE Supermileage Competition
97:out into another article. (
7:
571:Kathy Riggs Larsen (2016).
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393:austenitic stainless steels
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590:Houska, Catherine (2014).
356:Suitability for marine use
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414:Other marine grade alloys
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137:Proportion by weight (%)
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22:alloys typically contain
494:Joseph R. Davis (2000),
441:
436:SAE 316L stainless steel
625:Eberhardt, Anthony J.
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20:Marine grade stainless
853:Wright Brothers Medal
577:Materials Performance
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140:Description and uses
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402:Near the seashore
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720:SAE International
544:Offshore Magazine
507:978-0-87170-649-2
378:crevice corrosion
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66:pitting corrosion
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675:. Retrieved
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104:(March 2021)
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895:Formula SAE
874:Henry Ford
638:0872627233
461:References
76:316 alloys
54:austenitic
46:molybdenum
24:molybdenum
837:SAE J3400
832:SAE J3105
827:SAE J3068
822:SAE J3016
817:SAE J2452
812:SAE J1939
807:SAE J1814
802:SAE J1772
797:SAE J1708
792:SAE J1587
753:Standards
331:0.10–0.16
973:Category
956:SAE 904L
946:SAE 440C
941:SAE 316L
890:Baja SAE
787:SAE J306
782:SAE J300
677:10 April
552:cite web
425:See also
419:Nitronic
382:seawater
370:Chloride
346:titanium
296:1.75–2.5
290:0.10 min
951:SAE 630
936:SAE 316
931:SAE 304
914:Related
765:ARP4761
760:ARP4754
374:pitting
350:niobium
334:2.0–3.0
256:2.0–3.0
219:2.0–3.0
99:Discuss
50:alloyed
862:People
846:Awards
775:AS9100
770:AS9000
739:FISITA
635:
504:
62:marine
442:Notes
325:0.045
313:10–14
310:16–18
275:10–14
272:16–18
247:0.045
235:10–14
232:16–18
210:0.045
198:10–14
195:16–18
95:split
44:is a
679:2018
633:ISBN
558:link
502:ISBN
404:316L
376:and
328:0.03
322:0.75
316:0.08
307:316N
278:0.08
269:316F
253:0.10
250:0.03
244:0.75
238:0.03
228:316L
216:0.10
213:0.03
207:0.75
201:0.08
134:SAE
40:316
32:salt
28:NaCl
287:0.2
192:316
58:304
38:SAE
30:or
975::
655:.
594:.
575:.
554:}}
550:{{
542:.
523:.
186:Mo
166:Si
161:Mn
151:Ni
146:Cr
101:)
712:e
705:t
698:v
681:.
659:.
641:.
598:.
579:.
560:)
546:.
527:.
319:2
293:-
284:1
281:2
241:2
204:2
181:N
176:S
171:P
156:C
48:-
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