500:. He kept a large roster of scientists and engineers in the company, and believed that the technical staff should make up about ⅓ of all the personnel of Marquardt. These large engineering and development costs taxed Marquardt's profits, and although the company remained profitable throughout this period, by 1964 the board of directors hired a new president to change the focus toward more profitability. Unfortunately, this meant Marquardt would have to move forward with only the existing product offerings then being manufactured, with little hope of new breakthroughs and future growth. In 1966, the new president announced that in his first year (1965) he had increased profits in part by the "... elimination of research and development efforts that weren't directly related to the company's current activities".
434:) to Europe to convince Italian scientists to emigrate to the U.S., particularly the aeronautical genius Antonio Ferri. Berg had been a major-league catcher prior to the war, and when he returned with Ferri, President Roosevelt remarked "... I see that Moe Berg is still catching very well". Ferri pioneered many breakthroughs in hypersonic flight, including Supersonic Combustion Ramjet (SCRAMJET) propulsion, and research into the proper shaping of airfoils, engine inlets, and hypersonic reentry phenomena. He was one of the early advocates of swept-back wings for high-speed aircraft.
352:, had joined Marquardt after being a research engineer for the Harry C. Miller Lock Company, the owner of Sargent Locks. Oleg's expertise was centered on security devices, and some of his unclassified work while at MSPL included patents for an ID card identification system that would scramble its coded contents after each use so it could not be copied, as well as a system to jam microphones in rooms being used as secure locations, so they could not be 'bugged'. Other work at MSPL was classified.
367:. Marquardt formed a subsidiary, Marquardt Industrial Products Company (MIPCO), as part of the Pomona, California electronics operations, and began selling the computer to major railroads across the country, and eventually world-wide. It enabled the warning lights and gates at grade-level crossings to be lowered based on the speed of an approaching train, rather than at a fixed distance, reducing grade-crossing congestion in populated areas like Chicago.
267:. The plant opened in June 1957 and delivered the first engines a month ahead of schedule. By 1958 the engine was in full production, leading to an additional engine contract from the Air Force for an equally large run of a more advanced version for the IM-99B "Super BOMARC". Meanwhile, the X-7 continued to break records, eventually setting the speed record for air-breathing vehicles at Mach 4.31.
487:
technologies. In a newsletter for summer, 1960, he said "I believe that one of our more important actions this year has been to greatly increase company-sponsored and financed research and development, a program started late last year ... Much hard work lies ahead if we are to develop the programs and business replacing the Bomarc as it phases out..."
278:(AMPCO), part of AMF Atomic, and named it the Pomona Electronics Division. The Pomona Division designed and manufactured radar simulators used to train navigators, bombardiers, and radar systems operators. In the years following the Marquardt purchase, the Pomona Division created radar simulators for the 412L Weapon Control System in Europe; the
313:, led to a number of designs for small rocket motors used as positioning thrusters. This would eventually become one of Marquardt's biggest and most important product lines in the 1960s. During this period the main Van Nuys plant was also involved in research into new systems, including a nuclear-powered ramjet for
302:(CDC). Clifford D. Cooper, the founder and president, became a Marquardt vice-president. CDC manufactured high-altitude solid-fuel sounding and weather rockets. Cooper Development had been the company responsible for the upper stages of the missile used to place the first U.S. satellite in orbit - the
717:
In 1989, Ferranti discovered a huge defense contract fraud at ISC amounting to $ 1-billion (perhaps equivalent to $ 3 billion in 2020 dollars), masterminded by James Guerin, ISC's deputy chairman prior to the merger. Guerin subsequently received a 15-year prison sentence for fraud and arms smuggling.
52:
In 1968 Marquardt was merged with CCI Inc. of Tulsa, OK. The newly merged firm became known as "CCI-Marquardt, Inc.". That name changed back to "CCI Inc." after a few years. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s pieces of
Marquardt were sold off or merged with other firms. By the 1990s, one of the remnants
495:
System), transportation, hypersonic flight, high-temperature metallurgy, water desalination, slurry fuels, underwater propulsion, ram air turbines, afterburners and thrust-reversers for jet aircraft, computer storage, anti-mortar defense systems, FAX machines, television transmission, LED research,
564:
In 1964, the board of directors appointed a new president, John B. Montgomery; the founder, Roy
Marquardt, was retained as chairman of the board. The gradual reduction of the company's focus on research and development was begun at that point to improve profitability. Pieces of Marquardt were then
508:
The market for ramjet engines had largely disappeared by the mid-1960s due to increased performance from turbojet engines, and the belief that rockets were more appropriate for the nation's defense. Marquardt continued low-level development on advanced designs. One system, developed in partnership
421:
Antonio Ferri was an
Italian aerospace scientist who studied supersonic flight in Italy prior to World War II. Ferri had doctorates in both Aeronautical Engineering and Electrical Engineering from the University of Rome. During World War II, after the Germans invaded Italy, Ferri destroyed much of
181:
testbed, powered by the 20" engine. Four Gorgon flights with the new engines were made that year at Mach 0.85 at 10,000 feet (3,000 m) altitude, and in 1948 a newer engine pushed the speeds to Mach 0.9. Martin eventually won a contract to convert the Gorgon design into a target drone, becoming the
258:
Over the next few years, the X-7 missile broke many records, and led the Air Force to award
Marquardt a contract for the BOMARC missile engines. Originally they had intended to award the production to a larger company with better manufacturing abilities, as the Van Nuys plant wouldn't be able to
486:
In 1960, Roy
Marquardt had told the employees of the company that government procurement of the Bomarc Missile would end in mid-1962, and that an effort must be made to replace that business. His solution was to use the great scientific and engineering capabilities of the company to develop new
235:
and target drone projects for various roles were quite common. Many of them were designed to be shot down as target drones, or simply crash or explode at the end of their mission, so simplicity and low cost was as important as high-speed performance. This made the ramjet ideally suited to those
1532:
Jacobsmeyer was an engineer at
Marquardt Corporation in Van Nuys, California, at about the time the main company location in Van Nuys was closed - circa 2001. He obtained an extensive collection of corporate information, documents and photographs, and is the author of "The Marquardt Story", a
223:
factory. The purchase wasn't a happy one for
General Tire due to management differences, and after making "only" 25% return in one year, they agreed to sell their share of the company to another investor. Eventually, such an investor was found, and General Tire sold their stake to
734:
The original
Marquardt Co. became principally a landlord, retaining ownership of 56 acres and several buildings near Van Nuys Airport. MMI and the original Marquardt Co. became embroiled in a lawsuit, which led to the bankruptcy and disappearance of Marquardt Manufacturing.
517:
booster inside the ramjet core. When the solid fuel burned out the ramjet would ignite as normal. The idea was to combine the booster and ramjet into a single airframe, thereby reducing cost, size, and range safety requirements, as nothing would be jettisoned in flight.
490:
Throughout the late 1950s and 1960s, Marquardt and its subsidiaries were a hot bed of scientific research activity. Marquardt made significant advances in many fields, including space propulsion, medicine, optics, life in space, panoramic photography (the
57:(MMI) was embroiled in a legal suit with its predecessor organization, which had become principally a landlord who owned the buildings and land where MMI was located. By then, most of the remaining pieces of Marquardt were part of
611:, using the listing that had been Marquardt's. Within a few years, the name of the company was changed back to "CCI Inc." and the effort intensified to spin-off or sell the balance of Marquardt it had acquired in 1968.
473:
spacecraft. By 1970 Marquardt was known primarily as "the" company for small rocket engines and thrusters. Practically all US space vehicles and satellites used their designs, eventually including a major win for the
290:
Navigator and
Bombardier; an Atlas Missile launch simulator; the AN/GPS T-4 air defense radar simulator; and other weapon systems trainers. By 1963, the electronics division accounted for ⅓ of Marquardt's total sales.
583:
In 1967, both Dr. Antonio Ferri and Roy
Marquardt resigned from the company, completely ending the founders' association with their firms. Roy Marquardt subsequently engaged in numerous charitable activities in the
729:
cluster bombs and other weapons, was sold to a group of investors who formed a new company called Marquardt Manufacturing Inc. In December 1991, the other main business, a rocket-propulsion division, was sold to
104:, which were buried in the trailing edge of the wings, he found that the engine heat could be used to provide useful thrust. This created an interest in the ramjet principle, and in November 1944 he started
655:
Over the next few years, several additional parts of Marquardt were sold or spun off. In 1971 MIPCO (Marquardt Industrial Products Company) was combined with another CCI rail equipment subsidiary and named
738:
Kaiser reportedly picked up the Marquardt Jet Laboratory for a mere $ 1 million, with about $ 50 million in outstanding Space Shuttle contracts. Kaiser sold the bipropellant rocket engine product line to
394:
gunnery simulator. Marquardt was not the successful bidder on the program, and later in 1965 after the GASL merger was completed, ALI was absorbed into GASL and disappeared as a stand-alone entity.
197:, which became the first manned aircraft to be powered by ramjets alone. An even larger 48" (1.22 m) design was built as a booster for a new interceptor design, but not put into production.
496:
and devices as seemingly mundane as pick-up shoes for electric locomotives powered by third-rail power. Roy Marquardt had always believed that the primary mission of the company was
27:
686:
had been developed by Marquardt while its scientists were conducting a study for NASA on water purification during long-duration space missions. In 1978 this subsidiary was sold to
309:
By 1959 the company had sales of $ 70 million (equal to over $ 600 million in 2020 dollars), and had purchased several other smaller aerospace firms. One of these purchases,
1628:
211:
At this point the company had outgrown its Venice plant, and lacked the resources to fund a larger facility. Roy Marquardt sold a controlling interest in the company to
49:
engine. Marquardt designs were developed from the mid-1940s into the early 1960s, but as the ramjet disappeared from military usage, the company turned to other fields.
1792:
154:
1772:
831:
100 lbf (440 N) thrust reaction control engines were used on both the Apollo Lunar Module and the Command Service Module on all the crewed moon flights.
750:
With the sale of Kaiser-Marquardt and the thruster rocket business to Primex in 2000, the name Marquardt disappeared completely from American aerospace industry.
1812:
1797:
521:
Marquardt took advantage of its advanced metal-forming talents to fill the void left by the end of Bomarc ramjet production. Products such as air inlets for the
1782:
1787:
1817:
1807:
123:
Marquardt's initial products were wind tunnels, but by the end of their first year they had delivered an experimental 20 inch (0.51 m) ramjet to the
414:
Von Karman was a Hungarian-born scientist who had emigrated to the United States in 1930. It was von Karman who founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratories (
208:
created by a carefully designed inlet. Starting with the existing 20" design from 1947, work progressed until the new engine was ready for use in 1949.
453:, also in Chicago, were purchased and merged with R. W. Neill. The Neill company was operated as a subsidiary of the Industrial Products group, MIPCO.
150:
Another early product developed by Marquardt Aircraft was a pulse-jet powered helicopter which was assembled and flown, but never put into production.
1777:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1665:
1660:
811:
806:
796:
791:
786:
781:
769:
764:
1802:
1621:
1827:
1533:
partially-completed and unpublished manuscript derived from company records. It has been retrieved with an Internet Archive Search using the
329:, small air-powered generators for providing aircraft with electric power if the main engine failed. Marquardt also developed and produced
614:
Also in 1968, The R. W. Neill Company, part of the industrial products group MIPCO, was spun off for an undisclosed amount and became the
1837:
1822:
1614:
675:. MMP had been formed originally to manufacture and market the doppler navigation products of the Janus Division of GASL in New York.
348:
named "Marquardt Special Projects Laboratory" (MSPL), whose principal scientist was Dr. Oleg Enikeieff. Enikeiff, a 1943 graduate of
618:. Larry McGee had been the vice-president of sales and marketing for R. W. Neill Company. The Larry McGee Company is now part of
81:
422:
his laboratory equipment and hid his research papers from the Germans. Ferri was in hiding as part of a partisan group when
259:
build the 1,500 engines quickly enough. Instead, the Air Force and Marquardt collaborated on a new plant on the shores of
204:
speeds. This requires the airflow to be slowed to subsonic speeds for combustion, which is accomplished with a series of
398:
349:
61:
in England which was in bankruptcy. MMI subsequently declared bankruptcy and sank into oblivion. The remaining piece,
993:
Farrand Optical Co., Inc. for National Aeronautics and Space Administration Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas
1363:, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Commercial Programs, Technology Transfer Division, p. 74
702:
522:
161:". In the late 1940s, Marquardt took over JBL operations, but the firm was divested when Marquardt was acquired by
65:
was sold to Kaiser Aerospace. Kaiser-Marquardt was later sold to Primex in Florida. Primex finally became part of
212:
162:
718:
This led to a restructuring at Ferranti and the plan to sell off some of the assets they had acquired from ISC.
568:
In 1966, Marquardt sold the Pomona Electronics Division, excluding the Industrial Products subsidiary MIPCO, to
378:(ALI), principally to use their television broadcast expertise in developing a missile launch simulator for the
1832:
1579:
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Commercial Programs, Technology Transfer Division
128:
427:
1606:
1468:
548:
However, the sales volume of the company was still below the peak of the early 60s, due to the end of the
1437:
23:, a family enterprise headquartered in Germany manufacturing electro-mechanical and electronic switches.
682:
to develop and market a Marquardt-invented kidney dialysis machine. The device, using a method called
478:
program. The company developed and provided the 25 and 870 lb. thrusters for the space shuttle.
38:
1090:(quarterly publication for Marquardt Corporation employees), Volume 1, Number 2, Summer Issue 1960
725:
in 1991. In August 1991 one of the main Marquardt businesses, the manufacturing of components for
1767:
855:
608:
534:
466:
462:
318:
190:
174:
337:(which are functionally the same as a ramjet). With this diversification came a name change, to
1389:"International Signal Is Planning to Purchase CCI Aerospace unit for $ 43.5 Million Plus Stock"
838:
632:(GASL) in New York was divested. Its ownership has passed through a series of owners including
360:
200:
The same year the company also started conversion of the existing engine designs to operate at
701:
Finally, in 1983 the balance of the company was purchased by the ISC Defense and Space Group
423:
823:
726:
299:
225:
113:
89:
77:
193:
took delivery of several larger 30" (0.76 m) designs and fitted them to the wingtips of a
8:
589:
408:
364:
1070:
275:
194:
124:
109:
66:
588:
area, while Antonio Ferri became the Vincent Astor Professor of Aerospace Sciences at
1476:
371:
183:
178:
144:
139:; flight tests commenced in late 1946. Later, the Navy tested the same engines on an
131:
purchased two of the same design early in 1946, and fitted them to the wingtips of a
236:
roles. By 1952 Marquardt was involved in a number of projects, including the Navy's
1640:
731:
330:
117:
403:(GASL), of Westbury, New York, into the company. GASL had been founded in 1956 by
382:
Battle Tank. Marquardt had invented a hemispherical photographic system it named
326:
260:
100:
flying-wing bomber project. While working on problems cooling the engines of the
20:
989:"Volume II - Report of a Study on a Virtual Image Out-the-window Display System"
135:
fighter for in-flight testing. By this time the Navy had installed theirs on an
112:
to develop and sell ramjet engines. In the late 1940s, the company relocated to
1703:
1586:
History of Ramjet Propulsion Development at The Marquardt Company – 1944 – 1970
801:
528:
470:
325:
efforts. Another new product line started with the introduction of their first
322:
232:
101:
97:
660:, a company that has subsequently passed through several ownerships including
1761:
1738:
1644:
1480:
850:
475:
445:, a manufacturer of communications systems for railroads. Two smaller firms,
404:
379:
314:
252:
244:
241:
237:
220:
1636:
1569:
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Manned Spacecraft Center
334:
248:
136:
132:
93:
924:"Marquardt Aircraft Company Acquiring Monrovia's Cooper Development Firm"
834:
649:
585:
264:
1544:
Early Aerospaceplane Propulsion Research: Marquardt Corp; ca 1956 - 1963
26:
722:
540:
514:
303:
205:
201:
623:
600:
157:, a manufacturer of high-quality audio speakers known by the brand "
1652:
706:
345:
216:
58:
45:
and initially dedicated almost entirely to the development of the
510:
442:
85:
186:, and delivering Marquardt a contract for 600 more 20" engines.
1675:
549:
286:(Hound Dog) nuclear missile; the AN/APQ T-10 Simulator for the
283:
279:
46:
1293:"Alliant Techsystems to Acquire Two Units of Allied Aerospace"
344:
In 1960, Marquardt established a small research laboratory in
1555:
Roy Marquardt's Passion for Aviation Took Off from Burlington
1180:"J. Montgomery Named Marquardt President And Chief Executive"
140:
1505:
Pluto - A new Strategic System or Just Another Test Program?
498:"Dedicated to Keeping the United States First in Technology"
1746:
1071:"Chariots for Apollo: A History of Manned Lunar Spacecraft"
828:
553:
390:
system with the ALI TV technology produced a very advanced
287:
247:
missile. To test the new engine design for the Bomarc, the
908:"Pomona Plant Marks Fifth Year As Part of Marquardt Corp."
1260:"CCI Corp. Plans $ 23 Million Combination with Marquardt"
431:
415:
158:
671:
In 1971, Marquardt Marine Products Division was sold to
698:
system for home dialysis was then marketed world-wide.
426:
sent the American wartime spy Morris (Moe) Berg of the
370:
In 1964, Marquardt purchased a small aerospace firm in
481:
418:) at the California Institute of Technology in 1944.
215:
in 1949, and used the funds to move to a new site in
607:. This merger permitted CCI to become listed on the
1590:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
1005:"Marquardt, GASL Groups' Proposed Merger Approved"
556:bombardier/navigator simulator program in Pomona.
153:Marquardt also provided space and capital for the
1793:Technology companies based in Greater Los Angeles
1469:"Kaiser Marquardt Acquired by Florida-Based Firm"
1773:Rocket engine manufacturers of the United States
1759:
1196:"Marquardt Says '65 Net Rose Despite Sales Drop"
1116:"Marquardt Says '65 Net Rose Despite Sales Drop"
80:was a 1940 aeronautical engineering graduate of
503:
165:in 1949. JBL speakers are still in production.
1813:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1991
1798:Defunct companies based in Greater Los Angeles
1438:"Marquardt: Once-Bright Future Has Splintered"
1420:"Subsidiary of Ferranti sells propulsion firm"
705:. In 1987, ISC was purchased by British-based
559:
1783:Former defense companies of the United States
1622:
1435:
1788:Manufacturing companies based in Los Angeles
1818:Technology companies disestablished in 1991
1808:Manufacturing companies established in 1944
545:missiles became main products of the firm.
359:to design and produce a device called the "
1629:
1615:
1561:, December 24, 2017 (retrieved 1-18-2019).
1132:"$ 4.9 Million Contract Goes to Marquardt"
400:General Applied Science Laboratories, Inc.
270:In 1958 Marquardt purchased the assets of
168:
1584:Stechman, R. Carl, and Allen, Robert C.,
1038:"Marquardt to Acquire Neill Co., Chicago"
747:) and closed the Van Nuys plant in 2001.
16:Historical manufacturer of ramjet engines
1778:Aerospace companies of the United States
1276:"N.Y. Propulsion firm bought by GenCorp"
732:Kaiser Aerospace & Electronics Corp.
25:
456:
355:In 1962, Marquardt was licensed by the
1803:American companies established in 1944
1760:
712:
294:Also in 1958, Marquardt purchased the
82:The California Institute of Technology
1610:
630:General Applied Sciences Laboratories
1828:1991 disestablishments in California
1212:"Conductron Buys Marquardt Facility"
678:In 1973, CCI formed a company named
539:, and launch rocket motor cases for
533:missile, leading-edge slats for the
1325:"London firm buys rest of Safetran"
1228:"Marquardt Leaves Company He Began"
1054:"Marquardt Buys Second Signal Firm"
646:Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems
527:, cases for the submarine-launched
482:Research and Development Activities
272:Associated Missile Products Company
13:
1838:History of the San Fernando Valley
1571:, Vol. 3, No. 9, February 19, 1964
465:selected Marquardt to provide the
350:California Institute of Technology
14:
1849:
1823:1944 establishments in California
1148:"Marquardt Wins Tristar Contract"
1022:"Mysterious Moe is De-Classified"
690:in the Netherlands, which became
1520:Alliance for Progress Publishers
1373:"City Firm Sold for $ 7 Million"
973:"Marquardt Acquisition Approved"
957:"Marquardt Special Projects Lab"
945:Alliance for Progress Publishers
703:International Signal and Control
30:Vintage Marquardt Corporation ad
1461:
1448:
1429:
1413:
1398:
1382:
1366:
1357:"Critical Care Dialysis System"
1350:
1334:
1318:
1302:
1285:
1269:
1253:
1246:, North Hollywood, California,
1237:
1221:
1214:, North Hollywood, California,
1205:
1189:
1173:
1166:, North Hollywood, California,
1164:"Marquardt Awarded Job By Army"
1157:
1150:, North Hollywood, California,
1141:
1125:
1109:
1093:
1077:
1063:
1056:, North Hollywood, California,
1047:
1031:
1014:
892:"Destinies Rest With Marquardt"
664:in England, and is now part of
213:General Tire and Rubber Company
163:General Tire and Rubber Company
1529:, (retrieved March 28, 2020).
1341:"Ametek Completes Acquisition"
1244:"Nucci Appointed GASL Manager"
998:
982:
966:
950:
933:
917:
901:
885:
868:
595:In 1968 Marquardt merged with
437:In 1966, Marquardt bought The
296:Cooper Development Corporation
231:In the early 1950s supersonic
1:
1497:
1436:Bettner, Jill (May 4, 1993).
1084:"From the President's Office"
943:, Balboa Island, California,
578:McDonnell-Douglas Electronics
376:Automation Laboratories, Inc.
129:United States Army Air Forces
928:The Pomona Progress Bulletin
912:The Pomona Progress Bulletin
896:The Pomona Progress Bulletin
758:
504:Decline of the Ramjet Market
428:Office of Strategic Services
333:for jet engines, as well as
55:Marquardt Manufacturing Inc.
19:Not to be confused with the
7:
1422:, Lancaster, Pennsylvania,
1375:, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma,
1309:"CCI Merges 2 Subsidiaries"
1262:, Los Angeles, California,
1250:, February 2, 1967, Page 17
1170:, December 19, 1968, Page 8
1134:, Los Angeles, California,
1040:, Los Angeles, California,
975:, Los Angeles, California,
844:
753:
603:, and formed a new company
560:Mergers, Sale, and Break-up
321:(LACE) for the Air Force's
282:(Quail) decoy missile; the
10:
1854:
1525:Jacobsmeyer, Jon Wallace,
1456:"The ISC/Ferranti Scandal"
1426:, December 19, 1991, p. 52
1409:"The ISC/Ferranti Scandal"
1327:, Minneapolis, Minnesota,
1299:, November 24, 2003, p. B4
995:, January, 1966, pp. 11–12
898:, September 3, 1958, p. 15
880:"The ISC/Ferranti Scandal"
874:Jacobsmeyer, Jon Wallace,
775:
576:. Conductron later became
397:In 1965, Marquardt merged
386:, and the marriage of the
189:In 1948 the newly created
72:
63:Marquardt Jet Laboratories
43:Marquardt Aircraft Company
18:
1737:
1674:
1651:
1597:The Ramjet and the Rocket
1542:Lindley, Dr. Charles A.,
1454:Jacobsmeyer, Appendix A,
1202:, January 17, 1966, p. 19
1186:, December 7, 1964, p. 12
1122:, January 17, 1966, p. 19
1060:, November 24, 1966, p. 7
1028:, January 28, 1975, p. 21
930:, November 3, 1958, p. 13
552:program in Ogden and the
357:Southern Pacific Railroad
255:test aircraft was built.
1234:, August 11, 1967, p. 44
1044:, August 16, 1966, p. 45
1007:, Van Nuys, California,
979:, October 2, 1964, p. 49
914:, October 1, 1963, p. 30
861:
817:
361:Grade Crossing Predictor
155:James B. Lansing Company
41:firm started in 1944 as
39:aeronautical engineering
1393:The Wall Street Journal
1345:The Wall Street Journal
1313:The Wall Street Journal
1297:The Wall Street Journal
1266:, March 21, 1968, p. 74
1200:The Wall Street Journal
1184:The Wall Street Journal
1120:The Wall Street Journal
961:The Wall Street Journal
856:Liquid air cycle engine
609:New York Stock Exchange
467:reaction control system
463:North American Aviation
319:liquid air cycle engine
228:in 1950 for $ 250,000.
191:United States Air Force
169:Growth and acquisitions
53:of the company, called
1601:Air and Space Magazine
1516:The Runt Pig Principle
1395:, July 14, 1983, p. 30
1391:, New York, New York,
1347:, June 29, 1971, p. 27
1343:, New York, New York,
1315:, June 17, 1971, p. 29
1311:, New York, New York,
1295:, New York, New York,
1230:, New York, New York,
1198:, New York, New York,
1182:, New York, New York,
1118:, New York, New York,
1086:,Van Nuys, California,
1024:, New York, New York,
1011:, April 6, 1965, p. 14
991:, New York, New York,
959:, New York, New York,
941:The Runt Pig Principle
926:, Pomona, California,
910:, Pomona, California,
894:, Pomona, California,
839:binary chemical weapon
240:, and the Air Force's
88:) who was employed at
31:
1833:Van Nuys, Los Angeles
1638:Marquardt Corporation
1518:, Balboa Island, CA,
1514:Cooper, Clifford D.,
1424:The Lancaster New Era
1379:, June 20, 1978, p. 8
1331:, May 29, 1986, p. 57
1282:, May 19, 1989, p. 12
1264:The Los Angeles Times
1136:The Los Angeles Times
1042:The Los Angeles Times
977:The Los Angeles Times
963:, June 7, 1960, p. 23
939:Cooper, Clifford D.,
648:, located on eastern
339:Marquardt Corporation
35:Marquardt Corporation
29:
1577:, Washington, D.C.,
1557:, Burlington, Iowa,
1280:Akron Beacon Journal
1154:, May 20, 1969, p. 8
1138:, May 6, 1964, p. 53
824:Marquardt Space Sled
666:Siemens Rail Systems
644:; it is now part of
565:sold off over time.
457:Small Rocket Engines
300:Monrovia, California
226:Laurance Rockefeller
114:Van Nuys, California
78:Roy Edward Marquardt
1527:The Marquardt Story
1377:The Daily Oklahoman
1218:, May 2, 1966, p. 9
947:, 1992, pp. 175–178
876:The Marquardt Story
741:Primex Technologies
713:Ferranti Bankruptcy
642:Alliant Techsystems
616:Larry McGee Company
590:New York University
439:R. W. Neill Company
430:(forerunner to the
424:President Roosevelt
409:Theodore von Karman
392:Sheridan/Shillelagh
365:Stanford University
1599:, Washington, DC,
1567:, Houston, Texas,
1565:Space News Roundup
1509:Air Force Magazine
1507:, Washington, DC,
1359:, Washington, DC,
1232:The New York Times
1026:The New York Times
745:Aerojet Rocketdyne
721:Ferranti declared
574:McDonnell Aircraft
572:, a subsidiary of
451:Western Industries
276:Pomona, California
195:P-80 Shooting Star
125:United States Navy
116:, adjacent to the
110:Venice, California
106:Marquardt Aircraft
67:Aerojet Rocketdyne
32:
1755:
1754:
1546:, Washington DC,
1503:Butz, J. S. Jr.,
1473:Los Angeles Times
1442:Los Angeles Times
680:CCI Life Products
372:Mineola, New York
179:Gorgon IV missile
145:F-82 Twin Mustang
127:for testing. The
1845:
1631:
1624:
1617:
1608:
1607:
1603:, March 21, 2014
1595:Sweetman, Bill,
1491:
1490:
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1396:
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1370:
1364:
1361:"Spinoff - 1992"
1354:
1348:
1338:
1332:
1329:The Star Tribune
1322:
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1257:
1251:
1248:The Valley Times
1241:
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1216:The Valley Times
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1193:
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1168:The Valley Times
1161:
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1152:The Valley Times
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1129:
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1091:
1081:
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1074:
1067:
1061:
1058:The Valley Times
1051:
1045:
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1029:
1020:Anderson, Dave,
1018:
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1002:
996:
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954:
948:
937:
931:
921:
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905:
899:
889:
883:
872:
684:sorbent dialysis
658:Safetran Systems
638:Allied Aerospace
620:Miller Ingenuity
469:engines for the
363:", developed at
331:thrust reversers
118:Van Nuys Airport
1853:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1758:
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1635:
1592:, July 10, 2005
1535:Wayback Machine
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692:Organon Teknika
662:Hawker Siddeley
562:
536:Lockheed L-1011
506:
484:
459:
327:ram-air turbine
261:Great Salt Lake
171:
75:
24:
21:Marquardt Group
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1768:Ramjet engines
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1739:Rocket engines
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1645:rocket engines
1634:
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1605:
1604:
1593:
1588:, Tucson, AZ,
1582:
1572:
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1538:
1523:
1512:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1475:. 2000-05-09.
1460:
1447:
1428:
1412:
1407:, Appendix A,
1397:
1381:
1365:
1349:
1333:
1317:
1301:
1291:Pastor, Andy,
1284:
1268:
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1236:
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981:
965:
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900:
884:
878:, Appendix A,
866:
865:
863:
860:
859:
858:
853:
846:
843:
842:
841:
832:
829:Marquardt R-4D
826:
819:
816:
815:
814:
812:Marquardt RJ59
809:
807:Marquardt RJ57
804:
802:Marquardt RJ43
799:
797:Marquardt RJ39
794:
792:Marquardt RJ34
789:
787:Marquardt RJ31
784:
782:Marquardt RJ30
777:
774:
773:
772:
770:Marquardt PJ46
767:
765:Marquardt PJ40
760:
757:
755:
752:
714:
711:
561:
558:
511:Morton Thiokol
505:
502:
483:
480:
471:Apollo program
458:
455:
323:Aerospaceplane
233:cruise missile
170:
167:
74:
71:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1553:Smith, Will,
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1105:
1104:"The Fifties"
1102:, Chapter 2,
1101:
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851:Ramjet engine
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766:
763:
762:
751:
748:
746:
743:in 2000 (now
742:
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612:
610:
606:
605:CCI-Marquardt
602:
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581:
579:
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566:
557:
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531:
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494:
488:
479:
477:
476:Space Shuttle
472:
468:
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454:
452:
448:
444:
440:
435:
433:
429:
425:
419:
417:
412:
410:
406:
405:Antonio Ferri
402:
401:
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366:
362:
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353:
351:
347:
342:
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332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
315:Project Pluto
312:
311:Power Systems
307:
305:
301:
297:
292:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
268:
266:
263:just outside
262:
256:
254:
253:radio control
250:
246:
245:anti-aircraft
243:
242:CIM-10 Bomarc
239:
238:Rigel missile
234:
229:
227:
222:
221:Timm Aircraft
219:, the former
218:
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209:
207:
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83:
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70:
68:
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60:
56:
50:
48:
44:
40:
36:
28:
22:
1641:aero engines
1637:
1600:
1596:
1589:
1585:
1581:, 2002 Issue
1578:
1574:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1543:
1534:
1526:
1519:
1515:
1511:, July, 1964
1508:
1504:
1484:. Retrieved
1472:
1463:
1455:
1450:
1441:
1431:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1392:
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1356:
1352:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1312:
1308:
1304:
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1287:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1065:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1008:
1004:
1000:
992:
988:
984:
976:
972:
968:
960:
956:
952:
944:
940:
935:
927:
923:
919:
911:
907:
903:
895:
891:
887:
879:
875:
870:
749:
744:
740:
737:
720:
716:
700:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
677:
672:
670:
665:
661:
657:
654:
652:, New York.
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
628:
619:
615:
613:
604:
596:
594:
582:
577:
573:
569:
567:
563:
547:
541:
535:
529:
523:
520:
507:
497:
492:
489:
485:
460:
450:
447:Howard+Gould
446:
438:
436:
420:
413:
399:
396:
391:
387:
383:
375:
369:
356:
354:
343:
338:
335:afterburners
310:
308:
295:
293:
271:
269:
257:
249:Lockheed X-7
230:
210:
199:
188:
184:KDM-1 Plover
172:
152:
149:
137:F7F Tigercat
133:P-51 Mustang
122:
105:
94:World War II
76:
62:
54:
51:
42:
34:
33:
1559:The Hawkeye
1405:Jacobsmeyer
1100:Jacobsmeyer
835:Bigeye bomb
650:Long Island
586:Los Angeles
524:F-4 Phantom
513:, placed a
265:Ogden, Utah
251:high-speed
206:shock waves
1762:Categories
1498:References
1486:2017-12-01
723:bankruptcy
570:Conductron
515:solid fuel
304:Explorer I
202:supersonic
177:built the
1653:Pulsejets
1481:0458-3035
1458:, pp. 1–4
1088:"Remarqs"
759:Pulsejets
624:Minnesota
601:Tulsa, OK
845:See also
754:Products
707:Ferranti
597:CCI Inc.
461:In 1962
380:Sheridan
346:Maryland
217:Van Nuys
173:In 1947
90:Northrop
59:Ferranti
1676:Ramjets
1575:Spinoff
1073:. NASA.
776:Ramjets
727:Rockeye
688:Akzo NV
634:GenCorp
530:Polaris
493:VueMarq
443:Chicago
388:VueMarq
384:VueMarq
96:on the
92:during
86:Caltech
73:History
37:was an
1643:, and
1550:, 1992
1522:, 1992
1479:
1106:, p. 6
882:, p. 3
694:. The
673:Ametek
640:, and
550:Bomarc
449:, and
374:named
317:and a
284:GAM-77
280:GAM-72
175:Martin
47:ramjet
862:Notes
818:Other
509:with
141:XP-83
102:YB-35
98:YB-35
1747:R-4D
1729:C-48
1724:C-30
1719:C-20
1714:RJ59
1709:RJ57
1704:RJ43
1699:RJ39
1694:RJ34
1689:RJ31
1684:RJ30
1666:PJ46
1661:PJ40
1548:NASA
1477:ISSN
837:, a
696:REDY
554:B-52
407:and
288:B-52
143:and
622:in
599:in
542:TOW
441:in
432:CIA
416:JPL
298:of
274:in
159:JBL
108:in
1764::
1471:.
1440:.
709:.
668:.
636:,
626:.
592:.
580:.
411:.
341:.
306:.
147:.
120:.
69:.
1630:e
1623:t
1616:v
1537:.
1489:.
1444:.
84:(
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