650:
756:
600:
1378:
801:
references the
Islamic architecture of north Africa. The recessed niches on the exterior walls are likewise derive from the Islamic architectural tradition. In the interior, a series of wooden beams at the base of the dome bear a painted inscription in Arabic; the text is derived from the Christian liturgy (the Epinikios Hymn and the Great Doxology). The church also boasted an elaborate pair of carved wooden doors, today installed in the south façade of the western extension, which relate strongly to the artistic traditions of
818:
460:
88:
748:
449:
764:
857:. The depiction of Roger was highly significant in terms of its iconography. In Western Christian tradition, kings were customarily crowned by the Pope or his representatives; however, Roger is shown in Byzantine dress being crowned by Jesus in the Byzantine fashion. Roger was renowned for presenting himself as an emperor during his reign, being addressed as
489:. The Norman leaders appreciated the artistic qualities found in the Muslim script and incorporated it into the interiors of their architecture, including in this church. At the same time, Greek was a prevalent language in Mediterranean society, serving as legal language. The foundation charter of the church (which was initially Eastern Orthodox), in
521:. In the first half of the millennium, Sicily underwent a drastic shift as rulers from various dynasties seized control, aggressively expelling Muslims, exemplified by Frederick II's mass deportation of Sicilian Muslims to Lucera. Their drive for cultural homogeneity was reflected in their remodeling of the church. In 1433–34, under the rule of King
800:
Certain elements of the original church, in particular its exterior decoration, show the influence of
Islamic architecture on the culture of Norman Sicily. A frieze bearing a dedicatory inscription runs along the top of the exterior walls; although its text is in Greek, its architectural form
425:
The church is characterized by a multiplicity of styles that meet, since, through the succession of centuries, it was enriched by various tastes in art, architecture and culture. Today, it stands as a church-historical monument, and subject to protection.
783:, instead of being separated by an additional bay, as was usual in contemporary Byzantine architecture in the Balkans and Asia Minor. In the first century of its existence the church was expanded in three distinct phases; first through the addition of a
553:
with the
Albanian community present in Palermo. The church assumed and inherited the title of seat of the parish of the Italo-Albanians in 1945, after the church adjacent to the Italo-Albanian Seminary of Palermo was destroyed in the
688:(the mother tongue of the parish community). It is not uncommon here to hear the priest and the faithful speaking habitually in Albanian, in fact the language is the main element that identifies them in a specific belonging
791:
at the west. The campanile, which is richly decorated with three orders of arches and lodges with mullioned windows, still serves as the main entrance to the church. Significant later additions to the church include the
919:
The newer part of the church is decorated with later frescoes of comparatively little artistic significance. The frescoes in the middle part of the walls are from the 18th century, attributed to the flemish painter
1648:
796:
façade which today faces onto the piazza. In the late 19th century, historically-minded restorers attempted to return the church to its original state, although many elements of the
Baroque modifications remain.
833:
The church is renowned for its 12th century mosaics executed by craftsmen working in the
Byzantine style. The mosaics show many iconographic and formal similarities to the roughly contemporary programs in the
493:
and Arabic, is preserved and dates to 1143; construction may already have begun at this point. The church had certainly been completed by the death of George in 1151, and he and his wife were interred in the
641:. The title "Parrocchia San Nicolò dei Greci alla Martorana" means that the Italo-Albanian parish is now based in the Martorana church, and not at the initial location next to the Italo-Albanian Seminary.
529:. The nuns extensively modified the church between the 16th century and the 18th century, making major changes to the structure and the interior decoration. The monastery was suppressed in the 1866
933:
588:
437:
410:. The latter influence has left considerable traces in the painting of icons, in the religious rite, in the language of the parish, in the traditional customs of some Albanian colonies in the
235:
1306:
485:, whose palace and property overlapped with the area, and who first patronized its establishment. After approximately 100 years under Arab control, Palermo was named the capital of
1428:
566:. The church was restored and reopened for community worship in 2013. Clergy and congregation were momentarily welcomed in the church of the Santa Macrina of the Italo-Albanian
1559:
502:
visited the church, and later devoted a significant portion of his description of
Palermo to its praise, describing it as "the most beautiful monument in the world." After the
1511:
1633:
390:. The Church bears witness to the Eastern religious and artistic culture still present in Italy today, further enhanced by the Albanian exiles who took refuge in
1402:
948:
787:
to house the tombs of George of
Antioch and his wife; next through the addition of a forehall; and finally through the construction of a centrally-aligned
669:
and the festivities religious of the parish of San Nicolò dei Greci follow the
Byzantine calendar and the Albanian tradition of the communities of the
518:
853:, George of Antioch's lord, receiving the crown of Sicily from Jesus, and, on the northern side of the aisle, George himself, at the feet of the
1333:
1257:
1628:
1598:
1608:
779:("Greek cross plan"), a common variation on the standard middle Byzantine church type. The three apses in the east adjoin directly on the
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1603:
1618:
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684:(as per tradition, which was born to unify all the peoples of the Eastern Church under a single language of understanding) or
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1233:
861:("king" in koine Greek). The mosaic of the crowning of Roger carries a Latin inscription written in koine Greek characters (
805:
north Africa. On account of these "Arabic" elements, the
Martorana has been compared with its Palermitan contemporary, the
506:
of 1282 the island's nobility gathered in the church for a meeting that resulted in the
Sicilian crown being offered to
1326:
611:
The church was traditionally known as "Saint Nicholas of the Greeks", where the term "Greek" meant the adoption of the
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649:
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1043:
943:
670:
359:
118:
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The parish of San Nicolò dei Greci does not have a real parish territory, but is the reference point for 15,000
1529:
559:
363:
122:
1377:
1319:
197:
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for their services and shares cathedral status with the church cathedral of San Demetrio Megalomartire in
696:
marries still wearing the rich wedding dress of the Albanian tradition and the ceremony of the marriage (
577:(the Albanian community of Sicily historically settled in the province of Palermo) residing in the city.
1638:
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III° Domenica di Quaresima Venerazione della Santa Croce, Parrocchia S. Nicolò dei Greci alla Martorana
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The liturgical languages of the parish are Koine (Biblical) Greek (as is the tradition for
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N° 1 PALERMO, DOMENICA DELL'ORTODOSSIA PRESSO LA CHIESA DELLA MARTORANA, 13 Febbraio 2013
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Tα Άγια Θεοφάνεια, Teofania, Palermo, San Nicolò dei Greci alla Martorana, 6 gennaio
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The walls display two mosaics taken from the original Norman façade, depicting King
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1423:
995:) and Albanian (the language of the Italo-Albanian faithful, the Arbëreshë people).
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968:"Concatedral Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio, Palermo, Palermo, Italy (Italo-Albanese)"
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N°4 DOMENICA DELL'ORTODOSSIA A PALERMO CHIESA DELLA MARTORANA, 13 Febbraio 2013
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The church is now also known as "Parrocchia San Nicolò degli Albanesi", or
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The interior of the Martorana, before restoration (19th-century paintings)
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Durose, Steven; Friedman, Sophie; Ochterbeck, Cynthia Clayton (2020).
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Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale
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Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale
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Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale
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Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale
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CHIESA DELLA MARTORANA PALERMO / FESTA DI SAN NICOLA 6 DICEMBRE 2015
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The Baroque façade, with the Romanesque belltower and Byzantine dome
662:
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convent was founded on adjacent property by the aristocrat Eloisa
30:
This article is about the cathedral. For the marzipan sweets, see
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The nave dome is occupied by the traditional byzantine image of
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Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale
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Women in traditional Albanian costume from Piana degli Albanesi
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For the text of the inscription, see Lavagnini, "L'epigramma."
846:, although they were probably executed by a distinct atelier.
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624:"Famullia / Klisha e Shën Kollit i Arbëreshëvet në Palermë
1223:
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The original church was built in the form of a compact
719:), with the oriental rituals of strong spirituality of
540:, shaped and dyed to resemble various fruits, known as
394:
and Sicily from the 15th century under the pressure of
1307:
Paradoxplace La Martorana (Palermo) Photos and History
1114:
Matrimonio in rito bizantino alla Martorana a Palermo
949:
History of medieval Arabic and Western European domes
731:(Christ is risen). On 6 December occurs the feast of
1007:"Greeks and Arabs in the Central Mediterranean Area"
619:as liturgical language, rather than the ethnicity.
1280:
The Mosaics of St. Mary's of the Admiral in Palermo
1292:Bruno Lavagnini, "L'epigramma e il committente,"
477:Christian admiral and principal minister of King
37:"Martorana" redirects here. For the surname, see
1634:Religious organizations established in the 1140s
1590:
536:The nuns of the Martorana were famous for their
637:("The Arbëreshe Church in Palermo") or simply
570:nuns in Palermo during the restoration works.
68:
1327:
603:Marble plaque in memory of the Albanian hero
54:Parrocchia S. Nicolò dei Greci alla Martorana
52:
378:who officiate the liturgy according to the
1334:
1320:
1256:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
715:); the most important festival is Easter (
429:Since 3 July 2015 it has been part of the
86:
546:, still sold in pastry shops of Palermo.
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767:Arabic Inscription in Martorana Church,
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711:or Blessing of the waters on 6 January (
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1278:Ernst Kitzinger, with Slobodan Ćurčić,
1273:The Christian Travelers' Guide to Italy
892:. The register below depicts the eight
141:Ecclesiastical or organizational status
14:
1591:
70:Famullia e Shën Kollit së Arbëreshëvet
1315:
1629:12th-century establishments in Italy
1599:Eastern Catholic cathedrals in Italy
1044:"History of Islam in southern Italy"
329:Klisha e Shën Kollit së Arbëreshëvet
1609:Arab-Norman architecture in Palermo
644:
549:In 1937 the church returned to the
24:
1654:Italo-Albanian Catholic cathedrals
1604:Roman Catholic churches in Palermo
729:Christos anesti – Krishti u ngjall
25:
1665:
1619:Churches with Norman architecture
1300:
1271:Irving Hexham and David Bershad,
558:. Today, it is still used by the
305:Church of St. Mary of the Admiral
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1522:Eparchy of Piana degli Albanesi
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671:Eparchy of Piana degli Albanesi
414:. The community is part of the
366:, a diocese which includes the
360:Eparchy of Piana degli Albanesi
335:, next to the Norman church of
119:Eparchy of Piana degli Albanesi
1228:(in Spanish). Greenville, SC.
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703:A special celebration for the
580:Since 2015, it is part of the
560:Italo-Albanian Catholic Church
364:Italo-Albanian Catholic Church
321:Parish of San Nicolò dei Greci
123:Italo-Albanian Catholic Church
13:
1:
1644:World Heritage Sites in Italy
1624:1151 establishments in Europe
916:and the Death of the Virgin.
912:. The nave vault depicts the
473:("admiral") derives from the
219:(restoration on 19th century)
1614:Norman architecture in Italy
1005:Gabrieli, Francesco (1964).
865:ΡΟΓΕΡΙΟΣ ΡΗΞ "king Roger").
498:. In 1184 the Arab traveler
7:
1019:: 57–65 – via JSTORE.
927:
812:
313:Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio
49:Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio
10:
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1217:
751:The interior of the church
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226:UNESCO World Heritage Site
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29:
1575:38.1148333°N 13.3629417°E
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823:Assumption of the Virgin
692:. Some young woman from
635:Klisha Arbëreshe Palermë
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296:Europe and North America
27:Church in Palermo, Italy
1580:38.1148333; 13.3629417
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1294:Dumbarton Oaks Papers
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513:In 1193–94, a female
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198:Norman-Arab-Byzantine
1530:Piana degli Albanesi
1474:Province of Siracusa
1429:Santa Lucia del Mela
1282:(Washington, 1990).
694:Piana degli Albanesi
617:Ecclesiastical Greek
564:Piana degli Albanesi
1571: /
1500:Province of Trapani
1448:Province of Palermo
1412:Province of Messina
1386:Province of Catania
922:Guglielmo Borremans
585:World Heritage Site
543:Frutta di Martorana
508:Peter III of Aragon
434:World Heritage Site
412:province of Palermo
331:), overlooking the
39:Martorana (surname)
1296:41 (1987), 339–50.
1266:Palermo e Monreale
872:surrounded by the
870:Christ Pantokrator
840:Monreale Cathedral
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707:population is the
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454:Roger II of Sicily
1639:Byzantine mosaics
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1275:(Zondervan, 2001)
1264:Patrizia Fabbri,
1235:978-2-06-724310-1
972:www.gcatholic.org
836:Cappella Palatina
807:Cappella Palatina
628:Arbëresh language
523:Alfonso of Aragon
487:Kingdom of Sicily
483:George of Antioch
388:Albanian language
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910:New Testament
907:
903:
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898:Old Testament
895:
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841:
837:
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825:on left, and
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680:used are the
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397:
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386:language and
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274:Reference no.
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101:
96:
89:
84:
78:
71:
62:
55:
47:
44:
40:
33:
19:
1556:
1547:co-cathedral
1293:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1225:
1208:
1203:
1195:
1190:
1182:
1177:
1168:
1160:
1155:
1147:
1142:
1131:
1120:
1109:
1098:
1087:
1076:
1068:
1063:
1052:, retrieved
1047:
1038:
1030:
1025:
1016:
1010:
1000:
987:
975:. Retrieved
971:
962:
918:
900:and, in the
867:
863:Rogerios Rex
862:
858:
848:
832:
826:
822:
799:
774:
743:Architecture
736:
728:
725:Java e Madhe
724:
716:
712:
704:
702:
697:
675:
656:
638:
634:
632:
623:
621:
610:
579:
572:
548:
541:
535:
527:La Martorana
526:
512:
468:
466:
428:
424:
371:
356:co-cathedral
353:
320:
316:
304:
302:
233:
179:Architecture
146:Co-cathedral
43:
1578: /
1403:Caltagirone
1207:Kitzinger,
1194:Kitzinger,
1181:Kitzinger,
1159:Kitzinger,
1146:Kitzinger,
1067:Kitzinger,
1029:Kitzinger,
902:pendentives
682:koine Greek
531:suppression
515:Benedictine
491:Koine Greek
467:The eponym
384:Koine Greek
337:San Cataldo
284:State Party
104:Affiliation
1593:Categories
1244:1155371390
977:25 January
678:liturgical
605:Scanderbeg
500:Ibn Jubayr
470:Ammiraglio
351:, Italy.
343:church of
259:Designated
1535:Martorana
1358:Agrigento
1252:cite book
1211:, 261-62.
1048:Knowledge
939:Arbëreshë
842:, and in
789:campanile
721:Holy Week
709:Theophany
705:Arbëreshë
639:Marturanë
587:known as
575:Arbëreshë
519:Martorana
436:known as
372:Arbëreshë
317:Martorana
216:Completed
18:Martorana
1481:Siracusa
1465:Monreale
1398:Acireale
1150:, 29–30.
1033:, 15–21.
928:See also
914:Nativity
894:prophets
859:basileus
851:Roger II
829:on right
813:Interior
686:Albanian
568:Basilian
538:marzipan
406:and the
325:Albanian
251:Criteria
246:Cultural
165:Location
160:Location
115:Province
98:Religion
77:Albanian
1507:Trapani
1455:Palermo
1434:Nicosia
1419:Messina
1393:Catania
1218:Sources
1209:Mosaics
1196:Mosaics
1185:, 35ff.
1183:Mosaics
1163:, 42ff.
1161:Mosaics
1148:Mosaics
1069:Mosaics
1054:2 April
1031:Mosaics
908:of the
896:of the
886:Raphael
882:Gabriel
878:Michael
803:Fatimid
794:Baroque
785:narthex
771:, Italy
769:Palermo
717:Pashkët
698:martesa
667:baptism
496:narthex
444:History
408:Balkans
404:Albania
400:Ottoman
396:Turkish
382:in the
362:of the
358:to the
349:Palermo
341:Baroque
309:Italian
266:session
202:Baroque
169:Palermo
61:Italian
1491:Ragusa
1460:Cefalù
1424:Lipari
1344:Sicily
1286:
1242:
1232:
1226:Sicily
904:, the
888:, and
855:Virgin
690:ethnic
665:, the
661:, the
607:(1968)
582:UNESCO
475:Syrian
431:UNESCO
376:Sicily
292:Region
264:(39th
254:ii, iv
187:Church
155:Active
152:Status
73:
57:
1439:Patti
1198:, 66.
1071:, 21.
955:Notes
890:Uriel
838:, in
595:Names
347:, in
287:Italy
262:2015
193:Style
173:Italy
1486:Noto
1284:ISBN
1258:link
1240:OCLC
1230:ISBN
1056:2024
979:2017
781:naos
657:The
303:The
278:1487
243:Type
211:1143
184:Type
130:Rite
739:).
700:).
630:.
626:in
1595::
1254:}}
1250:{{
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1017:18
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1009:.
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20:)
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