1161:, coins this term in her paper "(Not) Kramer vs. Kumar: The Contemporary Bollywood Remake as Glocal Masala Film," where she discusses the idea that masala films "borrow from, and transform a range of texts, neither fully rejecting 'local' Hindi cinematic traditions nor wholly imitating dominant 'global' Hollywood conventions." The reason for masala film being glocalized is that the world is becoming more globalized and that everyone has the opportunity to watch movies that do not originate from their own area. Watching with similar themes or devices will help people to watch those movies, hence the borrowing element of Hollywood movies because
124:
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popular films, used song and music as a natural mode of articulation in a given situation in their films. There is a strong Indian tradition of narrating mythology, history, fairy stories and so on through song and dance." In addition, "whereas
Hollywood filmmakers strove to conceal the constructed nature of their work so that the realistic narrative was wholly dominant, Indian filmmakers did not attempt to conceal the fact that what was shown on the screen was a creation, an
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270:. Their narratives easily play out over several centuries or even millennia, featuring the family lives of dynasties both divine and mortal". That is why, in Masala, family plays an integral part in the plot. Also, because of the use of epics, there is this marvelous feeling of fiction in the film that the audience does not experience in real life. The third characteristic of Masala films is that they "are typically longer than
1106:, by stating, "Some people said the influence of Sergio Leone was very strong. Yes, that was true. We loved his films, and he did influence us, but other films impacted us too". Even though this quote will still not sway the critics to say his movie is a copycat of the Western, it cannot be denied that the Western strongly influences
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or emotional release. Emotional release from the audience watching a play or act and expressing their most profound feeling. Emotional release tends to happen at the climax of the story. When watching Masala film, it is like riding a rollercoaster. Every feeling on the spectrum of emotion, like anger
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were popular from the 1920s to the 1950s, though Indian filmmakers departed from their
Hollywood counterparts in several ways. "For example, the Hollywood musicals had as their plot the world of entertainment itself. Indian filmmakers, while enhancing the elements of fantasy so pervasive in Indian
853:(2005), has been described by several reviewers as a "masala" movie, due to the way the film combines "familiar raw ingredients into a feverish masala" and culminates in "the romantic leads finding each other." This is due to the influence of the Bollywood masala genre on the film. According to
234:
are Sthayi (permanent) and
Vyabichari (transitory). "A central premise of the masala genre is that viewers derive pleasure by being taken through a series of moods or emotional states: being angry or disgusted with the villains; being moved (often to tears) by some sort of loss, usually death;
274:, with runtimes of two to three hours or more". The reason is also the same as the theme of family. Due to its being inspired by epics and the Indian Aesthetics theory, the scale of the story must be significant. It represents the lavish sets and the time they occupied in the audience's eye.
190:
Even though a masala film does not have a specific genre or plot that defines the style, a few characteristics make it. The first is the setup of the film. When watching any masala movie, there is this incorporation of elaborate set design, choreographed musical dances, colorful visuals, and
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or happiness, is portrayed in a Masala film. The second characteristic is the theme. Even though Masala does not have an exact plot or genre, specific themes pop up in the film, like myth, legends, or family. These themes exist because "Masala films are firmly rooted in
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laughing at a clownish character; being amazed or seduced by elaborate song sequences; and being happy for the couple and their eventual union". However, in the West, the way emotions are built up in stories is through plots. This concept is one of the main pillars of
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After the rise of the curry western, the masala genre moved away from
Western tropes. However, it does not stop masala films from borrowing ideas from Hollywood. This idea can be seen during the 80s and 90s in Bollywood movies like
889:, has been credited for redefining and modernising the masala film with his own distinct brand of socially conscious cinema in the early 21st century. His films blur the distinction between commercial masala films and realistic
1035:. However, they demonstrated how this creation intersected with people's day-to-day lives in complex and interesting ways." During the 1970s, commercial Bollywood films drew from several foreign influences, including
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893:, combining the entertainment and production values of the former with the believable narratives and strong messages of the latter, earning both commercial success and critical acclaim, in India and overseas.
225:
translates as to become or, in this case, the emotion and mood one is feeling. Rasa has nine flavors: love, humor, wonder, courage, calmness, anger, sadness, fear, and disgust. In writing, without rasa, no
182:, masala is the most popular genre of Indian cinema. Masala films have origins in the 1970s and are common in every major film industry in India. Production of these films is still active in the mid-2020s.
1074:. Due to its nature and characteristics, it appeals to the US and the international audience. Westerns are spreading in Bollywood films, specifically in the Masala film genre. The first masala movie,
1094:, Japanese Sword films, and the South Asian 'dacoit' (bandit) films, among other influences". However, these films have been criticized as cheap copies of Westerns. One of the two writers who wrote
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classics. The thing about these films that
Hollywood inspires is that they are not parodying or blatantly copied; they borrow those details to craft their own story. This idea is known as
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ideology. These films are known as curry
Western or masala Western - "a cycle of Indian films that began in the early 1970s which borrowed and recombined tropes from American Westerns,
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which have exerted a profound influence on the thought and imagination of Indian popular cinema, particularly in its narratives. Examples of this influence include the techniques of a
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are those that blend multiple genres into one work. Masala films emerged in the 1970s and are still being created as of the 2020s. Typically these films freely blend
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film genre originated from
Bollywood films in the 1970s, there have been several earlier influences that have shaped its conventions. The first was the ancient
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and gesture combined "to create a vibrant artistic unit with dance and mime being central to the dramatic experience." Sanskrit dramas were known as
304:(1973), directed by Hussain and written by Salim-Javed, has been identified by many as the first masala film. However, critic S. Shankar has claimed
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1007:, music and dance, narrative and spectacle, earthy dialogue and ingenuity of stage presentation, integrating them into a dramatic discourse of
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Smith, Iain Robert (2016). "Chapter 9: Cowboys and
Indians: Transnational Borrowings in the Indian Masala Western". In Fisher, Austin (ed.).
967:(dance), characterizing them as spectacular dance-dramas which has continued in Indian cinema. The third influence was the traditional folk
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933:. Indian popular films often have plots that branch off into sub-plots; such narrative dispersals can clearly be seen in the 1993 films
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865:"studied Salim-Javed's kind of cinema minutely." The influence of Bollywood masala films can also be seen in Western
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According to several critics and scholars, the masala film was pioneered in the early 1970s by filmmaker
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1681:"Tamil Cinema: Ten Essential Titles for New Fans of Indian Movies Who Want to Venture beyond Bombay"
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1832:"The great Indian dream: Why 'Slumdog Millionaire', a film made in India, draws crowds in New York"
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Masala films helped establish many leading actors as superstars in the 1970s and 1980s, such as
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2057:"Aamir Khan's 'Secret Superstar' Could Be India's Next â‚ą1,000 Crore/$ 152M Box Office Hit"
2015:"DGA nominees borrow from the masters: Directors cite specific influences for their films"
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1080:(1973), is an inspired Western movie. The film associated the most with the masala genre,
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and written by Salim-Javed, also falls under the masala genre. It is sometimes called a "
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1157:. Rashna Wadia Richards, an associate professor and Chair of Film and Media Studies at
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318:(1952) as the earliest example, but distinguishes them from modern masala films. After
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336:. Manmohan Desai went on to successfully exploit the genre in the 1970s and 1980s.
1472:(1st ed.). Indianapolis, IN: Focus Publishing/R.Pullins Company. p. 11.
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costumes. This can be attributed to how India likes to set their emotions through
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1447:(1st ed.). Indianapolis, IN: Focus Publishing/R.Pullins Company. p. 4.
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2279:(Not) Kramer Vs. Kumar: The Contemporary Bollywood Remake as Glocal Masala Film.
885:(Nasir Hussain's nephew), who debuted as a child actor in the first masala film
195:. This book describes the sacred idea of performance art. According to the book
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Written by Salim-Javed: The Story of Hindi Cinema's
Greatest Screenwriters
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Written by Salim-Javed: The Story of Hindi Cinema's
Greatest Screenwriters
1571:"How film-maker Nasir Husain started the trend for Bollywood masala films"
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Richards, Rashna Wadia (2011). "Quarterly Review of Film and Video".
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1011:. The Parsi plays contained crude humour, melodious songs and music,
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Talking Life: Javed Akhtar in Conversation with Nasreen Munni Kabir
1798:"Stream Three Great Performances by the Bollywood Star Dilip Kumar"
1104:
Talking Life: Javed Akhtar in Conversation with Nasreen Munni Kabir
1028:
949:, with its highly stylized nature and emphasis on spectacle, where
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1310:"Interesting Facts About Bollywood from the age of Classic Cinema"
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1422:(2nd ed.). Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Routledge. p. 142.
1397:(2nd ed.). Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Routledge. p. 141.
1149:(2003). All these movies have in common that it is a remake of
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To make a compelling story, there is this idea in Aristotle's
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Funky Bollywood: The Wild World of 1970s Indian Action Cinema
1742:
Eastern Westerns: Film and Genre Outside and Inside Hollywood
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227:
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careers with masala movies. Since the 1990s, actors such as
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K. Moti Gokulsing, K. Gokulsing, Wimal Dissanayake (2004).
1139:
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spawned a subgenre of "Dacoit Western" films in the 1970s.
2256:. Chennai, Tamil Nadu: Westland Non-Fiction. p. 159.
230:
means without the flavor; it is emotionless. Two primary
161:, often including songs filmed in picturesque locations.
627:
and others have all experienced success in this format.
1055:
One of the significant influences of Indian cinema is
2173:
Indian Popular Cinema: A Narrative of Cultural Change
2130:
Indian Popular Cinema: A Narrative of Cultural Change
879:(2001) was directly inspired by Bollywood musicals.
2252:Akhtar, Javed; Kabir, Nasreen Munni (9 June 2023).
1632:
An Insightful Reading of Our Many Indian Identities
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1865:"Fall Film: Slumdog Millionaire: Game Show Masala"
1261:
1259:
242:when he said that the story is like the soul of a
2166:
2127:
1923:"'Slumdog Millionaire' has an Indian co-director"
945:. The second influence was the impact of ancient
4883:
1988:Director Boyle Has 'Fingers Crossed' for Oscars"
1955:"All you need to know about Slumdog Millionaire"
1335:"The era of masala films has ended: Boman Irani"
1228:
2241:. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 185–210.
2012:
1256:
2042:"Baz Luhrmann Talks Awards and 'Moulin Rouge'"
1829:
1420:Bollywood: A Guidebook to Popular Hindi Cinema
1395:Bollywood: A Guidebook to Popular Hindi Cinema
1232:Bollywood: a guidebook to popular Hindi cinema
818:and Shivamani in the 1990s; and K. Madesh and
197:Bollywood: A Guidebook to Popular Hindi Cinema
2312:
1862:
1533:"The New Bollywood: No Heroines, No Villains"
1495:"The New Bollywood: No Heroines, No Villains"
1361:"Hrithik Roshan says the masala film is over"
2195:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2152:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1981:
1711:. Lotus Collection, Roli Books. p. 14.
1704:
1590:
1588:
1586:
360:", as it combined the conventions of Indian
2251:
1102:, addresses these allegations in his book,
2319:
2305:
2109:"Secret Superstar: A moving slice of life"
1890:
1626:
1624:
1622:
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199:, Indian films have their roots in an old
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1594:
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111:Learn how and when to remove this message
2276:
2209:
1917:
1915:
1648:Chaudhuri, Diptakirti (1 October 2015).
1595:Chaudhuri, Diptakirti (1 October 2015).
1222:
1066:, the first Western movie ever created,
873:stated that his successful musical film
376:(1961) with that of Spaghetti Westerns.
122:
1795:
1678:
1619:
356:". A more accurate genre label is the "
4884:
2079:
2300:
2236:
2203:
1912:
1568:
1530:
1492:
1417:
1392:
1266:Sebastian, Pradeep (16 August 2002).
2239:Spaghetti Westerns at the Crossroads
2054:
1769:
1358:
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
2080:Rangan, Baradwaj (8 January 2017).
2013:Anthony Kaufman (29 January 2009).
1738:
1732:
13:
4659:List of American independent films
2175:. Trentham Books. pp. 98–99.
1863:Scott Foundas (12 November 2008).
1830:Sudhish Kamath (17 January 2009).
1070:has become the genre that defines
185:
14:
4908:
2167:K. Moti Gokulsing, K. Gokulsing,
1931:. 11 January 2009. Archived from
1796:Adlakha, Siddhant (9 July 2021).
1418:Ganti, Tejaswini (5 March 2013).
1393:Ganti, Tejaswini (5 March 2013).
1235:. Psychology Press. p. 139.
1110:, specifically the masala genre.
207:, where they use the concepts of
4865:
4856:
4855:
1982:Lisa Tsering (29 January 2009).
1202:
399:achieved stardom in their early
25:
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2006:
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1569:Joshi, Poorva (30 March 2017).
1562:
1524:
1486:
1461:
1436:
1296:An introduction to film studies
1113:
36:needs additional citations for
2132:. Trentham Books. p. 98.
1891:Greg Quill (21 January 2009).
1411:
1386:
1352:
1327:
1302:
1287:
1196:
1018:A major foreign influence was
286:, along with screenwriter duo
215:to explain how emotions work.
1:
1770:Noor, Arifa (3 August 2021).
1189:
1041:Hong Kong martial arts cinema
963:, derived from the root word
896:
164:The genre is named after the
2287:10.1080/10509208.2010.500944
2055:Cain, Rob (3 October 2017).
630:This style is used often in
7:
1990:. IndiaWest. Archived from
1679:Shankar, S. (27 May 2014).
1468:Aristotle (February 2013).
1443:Aristotle (February 2013).
1172:
1165:movies are the standard of
995:. The fourth influence was
10:
4913:
4550:Classical Hollywood cinema
3739:Commedia sexy all'italiana
2647:Exploitation film template
2591:Commedia sexy all'italiana
1893:"Slumdog wins hearts here"
1015:and dazzling stagecraft."
277:
4851:
4454:
4372:
4117:German underground horror
4072:Documentary Film Movement
3980:American eccentric cinema
3965:
3211:
2337:
1229:Tejaswini Gantiv (2004).
1205:"Are masala movies dead?"
219:translates as "flavor".
4052:Cinema of Transgression
3186:Cinema of Transgression
2210:Stadtman, Todd (2015).
1062:The Great Train Robbery
1059:. Since the release of
1051:Influence from Westerns
352:", a play on the term "
157:. They also tend to be
4272:The Prague film school
4137:Hollywood on the Tiber
1531:Mooij, Thessa (2006).
1493:Mooij, Thessa (2006).
1339:The New Indian Express
825:Beyond Indian cinema,
449:Chiranjeet Chakraborty
127:
4127:Grupo Cine LiberaciĂłn
4067:Czechoslovak New Wave
4062:Commedia all'italiana
2409:Commedia all'italiana
1739:Teo, Stephen (2017).
1705:Rachel Dwyer (2005).
203:theory, which is the
126:
4654:Guerrilla filmmaking
4317:Kitchen sink realism
4202:New French Extremity
4112:German Expressionist
4020:Kitchen sink realism
3885:Contemporary Western
3665:Environmental issues
3196:New French Extremity
3154:New French Extremity
2979:Softcore pornography
2974:Hardcore pornography
2841:New French Extremity
1747:Taylor & Francis
1086:, also has roots in
931:story within a story
708:Haranath Chakraborty
589:Prithviraj Sukumaran
453:Prosenjit Chatterjee
419:(Salim Khan's son),
344:(1975), directed by
328:(1977), directed by
45:improve this article
4390:Children and family
4364:Yugoslav Black Wave
4237:Nuevo Cine Mexicano
4122:Nigerian Golden Age
4087:European art cinema
3990:Australian New Wave
1772:"Films and reality"
1708:100 Bollywood films
1122:Akele Hum Akele Tum
859:Slumdog Millionaire
836:Slumdog Millionaire
4688:Major film studios
4282:Pure Film Movement
4262:Polish Film School
4162:Italian neorealist
4142:Hong Kong New Wave
3744:Mexican sex comedy
2801:German underground
2117:. 2 November 2017.
2069:on 3 October 2017.
1844:on 26 January 2009
1802:The New York Times
1268:"Masala vs. genre"
1128:Kuch Kuch Hota Hai
1045:exploitation films
740:Trivikram Srinivas
728:K. Raghavendra Rao
720:Rajiv Kumar Biswas
640:South Indian films
441:Mithun Chakraborty
325:Amar Akbar Anthony
128:
4879:
4878:
4818:Socialist realist
4530:Behind-the-scenes
4307:Socialist realist
4302:Spaghetti Western
4292:Romanian New Wave
4167:Japanese New Wave
3833:Sword and sorcery
3749:Nazi exploitation
3331:Mumbai underworld
3087:Planetary romance
2223:978-1-903254-77-6
2169:Wimal Dissanayake
1963:. 21 January 2009
1756:978-1-317-59226-6
1718:978-81-7436-433-3
1630:Kaushik Bhaumik,
1479:978-1-58510-187-0
1454:978-1-58510-187-0
1359:Sterling, Bruce.
1242:978-0-415-28854-5
1077:Yaadon Ki Baaraat
999:, which "blended
839:(2008), based on
473:M.G. Ramachandran
354:Spaghetti Western
320:Yaadon Ki Baaraat
301:Yaadon Ki Baaraat
201:Indian Aesthetics
121:
120:
113:
95:
4904:
4869:
4859:
4858:
4838:Vulgar auteurism
4666:Interstitial art
4644:Hyperlink cinema
4359:Vulgar auteurism
4354:Toronto New Wave
4344:Telefoni Bianchi
4339:Sword-and-sandal
4157:Italian futurist
4152:Iranian New Wave
4015:British New Wave
3828:Sword-and-sandal
3709:Rape and revenge
3650:Mouth of Garbage
3496:Tentacle erotica
3444:Goona-goona epic
3424:Extraterrestrial
3311:Heroic bloodshed
2945:Occult detective
2776:Christmas horror
2628:Sword-and-sandal
2360:Hong Kong action
2355:Heroic bloodshed
2321:
2314:
2307:
2298:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2194:
2186:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2151:
2143:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2065:. Archived from
2052:
2046:
2045:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2010:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1935:on 25 March 2009
1919:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1840:. Archived from
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1645:
1639:
1628:
1617:
1616:
1592:
1581:
1580:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1306:
1300:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1263:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1203:Nair, Sreehari.
1200:
1092:Italian Westerns
969:theatre of India
887:Yaadon Ki Baraat
613:Puneeth Rajkumar
505:Raghava Lawrance
493:Suriya Sivakumar
393:Amitabh Bachchan
290:, consisting of
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4901:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4847:
4788:Semidocumentary
4713:Minimalist film
4703:Message picture
4698:Maximalist film
4592:Database cinema
4575:Computer screen
4535:Black-and-white
4460:
4458:
4456:
4450:
4368:
4324:Soviet parallel
4247:Parallel cinema
4242:Pan-Indian film
4172:Kammerspielfilm
4107:French New Wave
4027:Budapest school
4010:Brighton School
3985:New Objectivity
3967:
3961:
3930:Science fiction
3562:Bruceploitation
3471:Girls with guns
3417:Turksploitation
3291:Gentleman thief
3207:
3042:Science fiction
2888:Minimalist film
2883:Maximalist film
2861:Science fiction
2821:Japanese horror
2618:Social guidance
2333:
2325:
2295:
2294:
2281:(28): 342–352.
2275:
2271:
2264:
2250:
2246:
2235:
2231:
2224:
2208:
2204:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2165:
2161:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2126:
2122:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2078:
2074:
2053:
2049:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2025:
2023:
2011:
2007:
1997:
1995:
1994:on 2 March 2009
1980:
1976:
1966:
1964:
1960:The Independent
1953:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1921:
1920:
1913:
1903:
1901:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1861:
1857:
1847:
1845:
1828:
1824:
1814:
1812:
1794:
1790:
1780:
1778:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1749:. p. 122.
1737:
1733:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1646:
1642:
1638:, 12 March 2016
1629:
1620:
1613:
1593:
1584:
1576:Hindustan Times
1567:
1563:
1553:
1551:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1441:
1437:
1430:
1416:
1412:
1405:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1318:
1316:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1264:
1257:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1227:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1179:Parallel cinema
1175:
1134:Koi... Mil Gaya
1116:
1072:American cinema
1053:
899:
891:parallel cinema
855:Loveleen Tandan
784:K. S. Ravikumar
732:S. S. Rajamouli
700:Anjan Chowdhury
692:Srijit Mukherji
688:Raj Chakraborty
509:Sivakarthikeyan
445:Victor Banerjee
332:and written by
280:
188:
186:Characteristics
176:. According to
168:, a mixture of
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4910:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4863:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4846:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4773:Reverse motion
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4723:Modernist film
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4679:
4678:
4668:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4585:midnight movie
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4475:
4470:
4464:
4462:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4431:
4430:
4429:
4424:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4407:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4387:
4382:
4376:
4374:
4373:By demographic
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4312:Social realist
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4267:Poliziotteschi
4264:
4259:
4257:Poetic realist
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4212:New generation
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4187:Modernist film
4184:
4179:
4177:L.A. Rebellion
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4042:Cinéma du look
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4023:
4022:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3971:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3955:Zapata Western
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3935:Singing cowboy
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3890:Dacoit Western
3887:
3882:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3771:Shoshimin-eiga
3768:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3759:Nunsploitation
3756:
3754:Pornochanchada
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3700:
3699:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3527:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3429:Food and drink
3426:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3407:Blaxploitation
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3350:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3336:Poliziotteschi
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3191:Extreme cinema
3188:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2981:
2976:
2966:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2771:Chinese horror
2768:
2763:
2758:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2637:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2406:
2401:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2301:
2293:
2292:
2269:
2263:978-9395767668
2262:
2244:
2229:
2222:
2202:
2181:
2159:
2138:
2120:
2100:
2082:"Masala redux"
2072:
2047:
2033:
2005:
1974:
1946:
1911:
1883:
1855:
1822:
1788:
1762:
1755:
1731:
1717:
1697:
1671:
1664:
1658:. p. 58.
1640:
1618:
1611:
1582:
1561:
1523:
1485:
1478:
1460:
1453:
1435:
1429:978-0415583886
1428:
1410:
1404:978-0415583886
1403:
1385:
1351:
1326:
1301:
1293:Nelmes, Jill.
1286:
1255:
1241:
1221:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1174:
1171:
1159:Rhodes College
1115:
1112:
1052:
1049:
1043:, and Italian
1013:sensationalism
947:Sanskrit drama
898:
895:
847:winning novel
833:–winning film
822:in the 2000s.
816:Om Prakash Rao
810:in the 1980s;
802:in the 1970s;
796:V. Somashekhar
792:Kannada cinema
744:Boyapati Srinu
736:Puri Jagannadh
724:Bengali cinema
676:Shakti Samanta
625:Kannada cinema
553:Ram Charan Tej
469:Bengali cinema
437:Ranjit Mallick
413:Shah Rukh Khan
358:Dacoit Western
330:Manmohan Desai
312:films, citing
279:
276:
187:
184:
174:Indian cuisine
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4909:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4862:
4854:
4853:
4850:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4768:Postmodernist
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4758:Participatory
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4728:Musical short
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4639:Found footage
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4613:
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4568:
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4556:
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4551:
4548:
4546:
4545:Cinéma vérité
4543:
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4533:
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4528:
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4461:or production
4453:
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4308:
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4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
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4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4277:Prussian film
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4222:New Nollywood
4220:
4218:
4217:New Hollywood
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
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4200:
4198:
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4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4037:Cannibal boom
4035:
4033:
4032:Calligrafismo
4030:
4028:
4025:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
4000:Berlin School
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3964:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3950:Weird Western
3948:
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3928:
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3807:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3781:Slice of life
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3734:Bavarian porn
3732:
3731:
3730:
3729:Sexploitation
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3687:Partisan film
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3655:Muslim social
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3637:
3636:Zombie comedy
3634:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3611:Giant monster
3609:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3600:
3597:
3596:
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3592:
3588:
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3457:
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3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3412:Mexploitation
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3376:
3373:
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3367:
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3359:
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3337:
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3329:
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3319:
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3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
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3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3266:Coming-of-age
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3235:
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3227:
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3210:
3204:
3201:
3197:
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3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3181:Transgressive
3179:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3164:Psychological
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3114:Slice of life
3112:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
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2877:
2874:
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2859:
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2852:
2851:Psychological
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2826:Korean horror
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2796:Found footage
2794:
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2710:
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2700:
2699:
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2691:
2688:
2686:
2685:Magic realism
2683:
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2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2656:
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2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2601:Sexploitation
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:Calligrafismo
2550:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2505:City symphony
2503:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2496:
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2255:
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2240:
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2216:. FAB Press.
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2182:1-85856-329-1
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2139:1-85856-329-1
2135:
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2124:
2116:
2115:
2114:The Asian Age
2110:
2104:
2089:
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2016:
2009:
1993:
1989:
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1978:
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1612:9789352140084
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1315:
1314:audition post
1311:
1305:
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1290:
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1262:
1260:
1244:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1225:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1184:Bourekas film
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1155:glocalization
1152:
1148:
1147:
1146:Chalte Chalte
1142:
1141:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1111:
1109:
1108:Indian cinema
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1063:
1058:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1037:New Hollywood
1034:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
997:Parsi theatre
994:
990:
986:
985:Uttar Pradesh
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
961:
956:
952:
948:
944:
943:
938:
937:
932:
928:
924:
920:
919:
914:
913:
908:
904:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
878:
877:
876:Moulin Rouge!
872:
868:
867:musical films
864:
863:Simon Beaufoy
861:screenwriter
860:
856:
852:
851:
846:
842:
838:
837:
832:
831:Academy Award
828:
823:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
772:AR Murugadoss
769:
765:
764:Siruthai Siva
761:
757:
753:
752:Telugu cinema
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
601:Vishnuvardhan
598:
594:
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586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
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518:
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502:
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478:
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458:
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450:
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438:
434:
430:
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406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
381:
379:
375:
374:
369:
368:
363:
359:
355:
351:
350:Curry Western
347:
343:
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
326:
321:
317:
316:
311:
307:
303:
302:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:Nasir Hussain
275:
273:
272:Western films
269:
265:
261:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
240:
233:
229:
224:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
183:
181:
180:
175:
171:
167:
162:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
135:Indian cinema
132:
125:
115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
60:"Masala film"
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
4897:Masala films
4692:
4607:Experimental
4602:Ethnofiction
4349:Third Cinema
4252:Persian Film
3995:Auteur films
3966:By movement
3823:Swashbuckler
3682:Ozploitation
3677:Outlaw biker
3557:Martial arts
3552:Magical girl
3402:Exploitation
3397:Ethnographic
3326:Mafia comedy
2969:Pornographic
2846:Psycho-biddy
2831:Lovecraftian
2665:Contemporary
2646:
2640:Exploitation
2635:Experimental
2515:Mockumentary
2384:Biographical
2278:
2272:
2253:
2247:
2238:
2232:
2212:
2205:
2172:
2162:
2129:
2123:
2112:
2103:
2091:. Retrieved
2085:
2075:
2067:the original
2060:
2050:
2036:
2024:. Retrieved
2018:
2008:
1996:. Retrieved
1992:the original
1985:
1977:
1965:. Retrieved
1958:
1949:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:the original
1926:
1902:. Retrieved
1898:Toronto Star
1896:
1886:
1874:. Retrieved
1868:
1858:
1846:. Retrieved
1842:the original
1835:
1825:
1813:. Retrieved
1801:
1791:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:
1765:
1741:
1734:
1722:. Retrieved
1707:
1700:
1690:22 September
1688:. Retrieved
1685:Sshankar.net
1684:
1674:
1650:
1643:
1597:
1574:
1564:
1552:. Retrieved
1540:
1536:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1505:(3): 30–35.
1502:
1498:
1488:
1469:
1463:
1444:
1438:
1419:
1413:
1394:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1364:
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1338:
1329:
1319:13 September
1317:. Retrieved
1313:
1304:
1295:
1289:
1279:29 September
1277:. Retrieved
1271:
1246:. Retrieved
1231:
1224:
1212:. Retrieved
1208:
1198:
1167:world cinema
1144:
1143:(1993), and
1138:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1114:Post-Western
1103:
1100:Javed Akhtar
1095:
1081:
1075:
1061:
1057:Western film
1054:
1017:
964:
958:
940:
934:
916:
910:
907:Indian epics
902:
900:
886:
881:
874:
871:Baz Luhrmann
858:
848:
841:Vikas Swarup
834:
824:
800:K. S. R. Das
788:Tamil cinema
780:N. Lingusamy
748:Srinu Vaitla
716:Sujit Mondal
664:Shaji Kailas
652:Anees Bazmee
648:Rohit Shetty
644:David Dhawan
629:
561:Pawan Kalyan
481:Kamal Haasan
465:Ankush Hazra
421:Akshay Kumar
382:
377:
371:
367:Mother India
365:
362:dacoit films
346:Ramesh Sippy
339:
338:
323:
319:
313:
309:
308:had earlier
306:Tamil cinema
299:
296:Javed Akhtar
281:
262:such as the
250:
248:
238:
237:Aristotle's
221:
216:
205:Natyashastra
196:
193:Natyashastra
189:
177:
163:
131:Masala films
130:
129:
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
4892:Film genres
4833:Video nasty
4828:Underground
4813:Slow cinema
4783:Sceneggiata
4671:Live action
4649:Independent
4629:Film Ă clef
4597:Docufiction
4565:Compilation
4540:Blockbuster
4508:Traditional
4503:Stop-motion
4439:Chick flick
4297:Slow cinema
4287:Remodernist
4102:Free Cinema
4082:Erra Cinema
4047:Cinema Novo
3925:Revisionist
3434:Gendai-geki
3370:Psychedelic
3358:Apocalyptic
3224:Beach party
3119:Slow cinema
3092:Space opera
3057:Fantastique
2928:Sceneggiata
2918:Musicarello
2791:Fantastique
2670:Fantastique
2613:Educational
2540:Video essay
2495:Documentary
1554:26 November
1516:26 November
1378:14 November
1344:14 November
1214:14 November
912:Mahabharata
845:Boeke Prize
827:Danny Boyle
804:A. T. Raghu
776:K. V. Anand
712:Raja Chanda
704:Swapan Saha
696:Rabi Kinagi
684:Prabhat Roy
680:Pijush Bose
541:Balakrishna
529:Mahesh Babu
525:Chiranjeevi
485:Ajith Kumar
477:Rajinikanth
433:Uttam Kumar
417:Salman Khan
373:Gunga Jumna
370:(1957) and
310:masala dosa
288:Salim–Javed
264:Mahabharata
260:Hindu epics
4886:Categories
4753:Paracinema
4738:Neorealist
4733:Mythopoeia
4718:Mockbuster
4683:Low-budget
4624:Featurette
4457:technique,
4455:By format,
4334:Surrealist
4329:Structural
4207:New German
4197:Neorealist
4192:Mumblecore
4132:Heimatfilm
4092:Film d'art
4057:Cinéma pur
3791:South Seas
3764:Sex report
3030:Paranormal
2993:Propaganda
2893:Mumblecore
2680:Historical
2562:Historical
2451:Remarriage
2441:Mo lei tau
2026:30 January
1998:30 January
1967:21 January
1939:23 January
1904:22 January
1876:22 January
1848:22 January
1656:Penguin UK
1603:Penguin UK
1190:References
993:Tamil Nadu
989:Terukkuttu
987:, and the
927:back-story
923:side story
901:While the
897:Influences
883:Aamir Khan
812:K. V. Raju
756:S. Shankar
656:Farah Khan
533:Allu Arjun
425:Ajay Devgn
409:Aamir Khan
405:Sunny Deol
385:Dharmendra
334:Kader Khan
315:Parasakthi
292:Salim Khan
101:April 2013
71:newspapers
16:Film genre
4743:No-budget
4708:Meta-film
4676:animation
4634:Film-poem
4570:Composite
4515:Anthology
4478:Animation
4473:Actuality
4459:approach,
4227:New Queer
4147:Indiewood
4097:Film gris
3968:or period
3945:Spaghetti
3868:Submarine
3848:Vigilante
3813:Superhero
3567:Chopsocky
3513:Jidaigeki
3382:Dystopian
3281:Detective
3239:Buddy cop
3229:Body swap
3159:Political
3139:Financial
3102:Tokusatsu
3097:Steampunk
3013:Bromantic
2985:Malayalam
2964:Crossover
2940:Detective
2908:Backstage
2856:Religious
2712:Tech noir
2707:Pulp noir
2697:Film noir
2572:Melodrama
2510:Docudrama
2483:Cyberpunk
2476:Slapstick
2466:Screwball
2426:Gross out
2389:Christian
2367:Adventure
2191:cite book
2148:cite book
2093:8 January
2087:The Hindu
1928:The Hindu
1870:LA Weekly
1837:The Hindu
1810:0362-4331
1543:(3): 31.
1373:1059-1028
1299:. p. 367.
1273:The Hindu
1163:Hollywood
1151:Hollywood
1020:Hollywood
1009:melodrama
936:Khalnayak
850:Q & A
820:A. Harsha
808:Joe Simon
790:; and in
672:Mollywood
660:Bollywood
636:Bollywood
605:Ambareesh
593:Mollywood
577:Mammootty
565:Tollywood
557:Venkatesh
549:Nagarjuna
513:Kollywood
429:Bollywood
401:Bollywood
389:Jeetendra
255:catharsis
179:The Hindu
155:melodrama
4861:Category
4748:One-shot
4612:Abstract
4498:Computer
4182:Lettrist
4077:Dogme 95
4005:Bourekas
3975:Absolute
3915:Northern
3910:Meat pie
3863:Euro War
3858:Anti-war
3724:Rumberas
3645:Mountain
3547:Luchador
3503:Homeland
3491:Shotacon
3464:Suburban
3392:Economic
3353:Disaster
3286:Gangster
3261:Colonial
3251:Cannibal
3212:By theme
3169:Romantic
3124:Thriller
3082:New Wave
3077:Military
3035:Thriller
3003:Romantic
2950:Whodunit
2923:Operetta
2903:Arthouse
2871:Splatter
2766:Cannibal
2756:Arthouse
2739:Suburban
2729:Southern
2702:Neo-noir
2606:Thriller
2500:Animated
2488:Japanese
2456:Romantic
2446:Thriller
2372:Survival
2350:Arthouse
2338:By style
2171:(2004).
1815:5 August
1781:5 August
1776:DAWN.COM
1724:6 August
1636:The Wire
1549:41690003
1537:Cinéaste
1511:41690003
1499:Cinéaste
1248:26 April
1173:See also
1137:(2003),
1131:(1998),
1125:(1995),
1098:(1975),
1029:illusion
1024:musicals
1022:, where
918:Ramayana
768:Pandiraj
597:Rajkumar
573:Mohanlal
364:such as
268:Ramayana
266:and the
159:musicals
4843:Z movie
4619:Feature
4555:Collage
4525:B movie
4493:Cartoon
4232:No wave
3900:Florida
3895:Fantasy
3875:Western
3818:Surfing
3806:Eurospy
3776:Slavery
3626:Vampire
3606:Monster
3577:Kung fu
3518:Samurai
3486:Lolicon
3454:Romance
3301:Gong'an
3271:Concert
3256:Chicano
3219:Animals
3107:Western
3062:Fantasy
3020:Fantasy
2998:Reality
2935:Mystery
2913:Jukebox
2898:Musical
2876:Satanic
2866:Slasher
2836:Natural
2816:Holiday
2724:Romance
2690:Science
2655:Fantasy
2557:Dramedy
2421:Dramedy
2020:Variety
1986:Slumdog
1470:Poetics
1445:Poetics
1088:Western
1068:Western
1033:fiction
1005:fantasy
1001:realism
981:Ramlila
942:Gardish
794:it was
609:Darshan
581:Jayaram
545:Prabhas
537:Jr. NTR
521:Krishna
501:Dhanush
397:Sridevi
278:History
251:Poetics
244:tragedy
239:Poetics
147:romance
85:scholar
4871:Portal
4808:Silent
4798:Shinpa
4793:Serial
4778:Satire
4763:Poetry
4693:Masala
4422:ShĹŤnen
4405:Seinen
3920:Ostern
3905:Horror
3838:Travel
3796:Sports
3719:Rubble
3692:Prison
3660:Nature
3631:Zombie
3572:Gun fu
3508:Isekai
3481:Hentai
3449:Gothic
3375:Stoner
3341:Yakuza
3296:GokudĹŤ
3244:Female
3174:Techno
3144:Giallo
3134:Erotic
3129:Comedy
3072:Horror
3067:Gothic
3052:Comedy
3025:Gothic
3008:Comedy
2957:Giallo
2811:Giallo
2781:Comedy
2751:Horror
2719:Gothic
2660:Comedy
2586:Erotic
2577:Korean
2535:Travel
2525:Pseudo
2471:Silent
2436:Parody
2431:Horror
2399:Action
2394:Comedy
2345:Action
2331:genres
2260:
2220:
2179:
2136:
2062:Forbes
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1209:Rediff
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1083:Sholay
1064:(1903)
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977:Bengal
903:masala
668:Joshiy
638:) and
617:Sudeep
587:, and
585:Dileep
497:Vikram
378:Sholay
341:Sholay
170:spices
166:masala
149:, and
143:comedy
139:action
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4823:Sound
4803:Short
4560:Color
4483:Anime
4444:Josei
4434:Women
4427:ShĹŤjo
4395:Anime
4385:Black
4380:Adult
3940:Space
3843:Trial
3786:Snuff
3697:Women
3672:Opera
3621:Mummy
3616:Kaiju
3599:Anime
3594:Mecha
3587:Wuxia
3582:Ninja
3530:LGBTQ
3525:KaitĹŤ
3476:Harem
3459:Space
3439:Ghost
3387:Ecchi
3348:Dance
3321:Mafia
3306:Heist
3276:Crime
3234:Buddy
3203:Trick
3149:Legal
2806:Ghost
2744:Urban
2734:Space
2567:Legal
2547:Drama
2520:Mondo
2404:Black
1545:JSTOR
1507:JSTOR
1365:Wired
973:Jatra
960:natya
955:dance
951:music
632:Hindi
569:Jayan
511:, in
489:Vijay
232:bhava
228:bhava
223:Bhava
213:bhava
151:drama
92:JSTOR
78:books
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4417:Teen
4410:Stag
4401:Men
3880:Acid
3714:Road
3704:Race
3540:Yuri
3535:Yaoi
3365:Drug
3316:Hood
2761:Body
2675:High
2645:see
2623:Epic
2596:Pink
2530:Semi
2414:Sexy
2328:Film
2258:ISBN
2218:ISBN
2197:link
2177:ISBN
2154:link
2134:ISBN
2095:2017
2028:2009
2000:2009
1969:2009
1941:2009
1906:2009
1878:2009
1850:2009
1817:2021
1806:ISSN
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1751:ISBN
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1713:ISBN
1692:2020
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3047:Art
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