636:
2252:
721:
5386:
55:
1353:
550:. The youngest islands to form were Mauritius (7–10 mya), the oldest of the existing islands, created along with the undersea Rodrigues ridge. The islands of Rodrigues and Réunion were created in the last two million years. Réunion is the largest of the islands (2,500 km), followed by Mauritius (1,900 km) and Rodrigues (110 km). Eventually, Saya de Malha, Nazareth and Soudan were completely submerged, Cargados Carajos remaining as a coral atoll. The Réunion hotspot was beginning to cool and Rodrigues came out as a small island.
862:
513:
874:
621:
67:
751:
1789:
702:
910:. The plant communities are not homogeneous, and comprise at least five fairly distinct vegetation zones that reflect variations in altitude and in moisture regime. These include dry lowland forests, semi-dry sclerophyllous forests, lowland rainforests, montane cloud forests, and high-elevation heathlands on Réunion.
2260:
vegetation, only about 5 percent of
Mauritius, and almost none of Rodrigues. On Réunion, forest has been cleared for agriculture and then overtaken by introduced plants. Mauritius was largely converted to sugar cane, tea, and conifer plantations. On Rodrigues the damage has been done by shifting cultivation.
2193:
depauperate terrestrial biota owing to being so low-lying and swamped during cyclones, are bound to the east by an extensive arc of fringing reef, which accounts for ~30% of the reefs of the
Mascarene Islands. Lagoon reefs and reef flats are dominated by scleractinian corals such as branching and tabular
1742:
The flora of the islands co-evolved with the island's unique fauna over millions of years. The human-caused extinction of several of the
Mascarenes' land animals, and the introduction of exotic animals to the islands by humans, has disrupted the reproduction and thriving of various island plants. For
953:
are found between the coast and 360 metres elevation on
Mauritius and Rodrigues, and from 200 to 750 metres elevation on the western slopes of Réunion, where only small patches of such forest now remain. Average annual rainfall in the semi-dry forests ranges from 1000 to 1500 mm. Tree genera and
848:
blow throughout the year. Rainfall is generally higher on the windward sides of the islands. On
Mauritius average annual rainfall in the lowlands varies from 1905 mm on the windward southeast coast to 890 mm on the leeward side. Rainfall in the mountains is higher, varying from 2540 mm
827:
Réunion was discovered first by the Arabs then by the
Portuguese, who named it Santa Apolónia. It was then occupied by the French as part of Mauritius. It was first inhabited by French mutineers who arrived on the island between 1646 and 1669. It was given its current name in 1793. From 1810 to 1815
2192:
bounding an extensive lagoon, 7 to 20 km wide, with deep channels. Mauritius is also surrounded by a fringing reef. In contrast, Réunion has very short stretches of narrow fringing reef along the western and southwestern coasts only. The islets of the
Cargados Carajos Shoals, which have a very
1099:
forests, composed of diverse species creating a canopy of 30 meters or more in height. They are found on the
Mauritius' eastern lowlands from the coast to 800–900 metres elevation, and above 360 m on the western slopes. On Réunion lowland rain forests are found between 750 and 1100 m. They occur in
840:
The climate of the islands is tropical. At low elevations summer temperatures (December to April) average 30 °C. Winter temperatures (May to
November) are generally cooler, around 25 °C. Temperatures are cooler in the mountains, averaging 18 °C. During the winter short-lived snow can
2259:
Today
Mauritius has one of the highest population densities in the world and on all of the islands, there has been a great loss of habitat and many of the surviving endemic species are still threatened with extinction with little protection. Less than 40 percent of Réunion is covered with natural
2142:
The Grand River South East (34 km) is the longest river on Mauritius, followed by Rivière du Poste (23 km), Grand River North West (22 km), Rivière La Chaux (22 km), and Rivière des Créoles (20 km). Mauritius has two natural crater lakes, Grand Bassin and Bassin Blanc.
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are evergreen rain forests found on mountain slopes with high rainfall. They occur on Réunion between 800 and 1900 metres elevation on eastern slopes with an average annual rainfall of 2000–10,000 mm, and between 1100 and 2000 metres on western slopes with an average annual rainfall of
599:
Shoals (Saint Brandon) (then one large island), was formed by the Réunion hotspot. These were once volcanic islands, much like Mauritius and Réunion, which have now sunk or eroded to below sea level or, in the case of the Cargados Carajos, to low coral islands. The Saya de Malha Bank formed
1738:
of the Mascarene Dombeyoideae suggests that dioecy has been acquired several times. At least five colonization events from Madagascar to the Mascarene archipelago occurred. The evolutionary history of two lineages of Mascarene Domeyoideae seems to be related to adaption to xeric habitats.
899:. Until Europeans first settled the islands in the sixteenth century the Mascarenes are not known to have harbored any human population, and the islands' wildlife was still flourishing during the early days of settlement. Today much of the natural vegetation is gone, and there are many
403:. Around seventeen of the uninhabited islands are administered by the 'Outer Islands Development Corporation' of Mauritius (an entity run by the Prime Minister of Mauritius through the Prime Minister's Office) whilst the remaining Thirteen Islands of St. Brandon are managed by the
819:. It was under Dutch control in 1601 and settled by the French in 1691. Britain took possession of Rodrigues in 1809. When Mauritius gained independence in 1968, Rodrigues was forcefully joined to it. Rodrigues remains an autonomous region of Mauritius.
733:. In 1810, the United Kingdom invaded the island to protect its East India ships coming around the Cape of Good Hope from French pirates. Four years later, at the Treaty of Paris, France ceded Mauritius and its dependencies to the United Kingdom. Under
1814:
Much of the Mascarenes' native fauna has become endangered or extinct since the human settlement of the islands in the 17th century. Settlers cleared most of the forests for agriculture and grazing, and introduced many exotic species, including
1387:
Subalpine shrub occurs on the volcanoes on Réunion, above the treeline at 1800 to 2000 metres elevation. Average annual rainfall is from 2000 to 6000 mm, and frosts occur regularly in winter. Characteristic shrubs include
886:
The habitats of the Macarenes vary with the islands' size, topography, age, and proximity to Madagascar, the nearest major land mass. As is common among remote islands, the Mascarene fauna and flora display a high degree of
2768:
924:
The dry lowland forests are found on the leeward sides of the islands, from sea level to 200 metres in areas with less than 1000 mm of average annual rainfall. Palms are the dominant trees, including species of
728:
The Dutch took physical possession in 1598, establishing a succession of short-lived settlements over a period of about 120 years, before abandoning their efforts in 1710. France took control in 1715, renaming it
1545:, representing an additional ca. 660 species in all, 21.3% of the angiosperm flora. Ferns are prominent components of the biotas of the islands, especially in the tropical forest. Most ferns disperse easily via
608:, indicating that the plateau was a succession of islands. Some of the banks may have been islands as recently as 18,000–6,000 years ago, when sea levels were as much as 130 meters lower during the most recent
4084:
3228:
649:
The early colonial history of the islands, like that of the Caribbean, featured a succession of takeovers between rival powers: the Portuguese, Dutch, French and British all ruled some or all of the islands.
2131:
The three largest islands have many freshwater streams which descend from the mountains to the sea. The upper reaches, particularly on Réunion, are fast-flowing and steep with numerous waterfalls.
2853:
Péchon, Timothée Le; Cao, Nathanaël; Dubuisson, Jean-Yves; Gigord, Luc D.B. (2009). "Systematics of Dombeyoideae (Malvaceae) in the Mascarene archipelago (Indian Ocean) inferred from morphology".
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in the island's southwest, above 750 metres elevation and with average annual rainfall of 4500–5500 mm. Trees form a dense canopy 6 to 10 metres high. Typical canopy trees include species of
1772:, played an important role in dispersing the seeds. Passing through the animals' digestive tract aided in the seeds' germination. However the trees' decline may be mostly due to introduced
4529:
4077:
1906:. At one point it was even believed that Réunion was the home of not only a white dodo, but also a white solitaire. In 1786, sub-fossil bones were discovered in a cave which confirmed
2269:
4983:
2427:
4326:
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Le Péchon, Timothée; Dai, Qiang; Zhang, Li-Bing; Gao, Xin-Fen; Sauquet, Hervé (2015). "Diversification of Dombeyoideae (Malvaceae) in the Mascarenes: Old Taxa on Young Islands?".
2757:
2772:
4070:
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1517:, which comprise between 193 and 223 species each, for a total of 831 species, or 26.9% of the flowering plant flora. Another seven families contain 80 or more species each:
360:. It has an area of 1,865 km. The highest point is 828 meters above sea level. Mauritius is the most populous of the Mascarene Islands, with a population of 1,252,964.
635:
4001:
3771:
7361:
1034:
683:(Seychelles). On 14 July 1767 this became a French crown colony, still under one governor general. From 3 February 1803 until 2 September 1810 the French colony of
4522:
1438:
1038:
1253:
2000–3000 mm. By 2005, relatively intact cloud forests still covered approximately 44,000 ha on Réunion. On Mauritius they are restricted to a small area of
661:
arrived with a French naval squadron and took possession in 1649. From 4 June 1735 to 23 March 1746, a single French Mascarene Islands chartered colony under one
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2156:
1084:
3210:
2475:
1457:
1400:
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birds and there exist a few reports of "solitaires" from the Mascarenes without mention of which island these came from, and the term was also used for other
2160:
866:
2536:
5127:
4319:
2164:
1024:
564:(2,525 m). Piton de la Fournaise, on the southeastern corner of Réunion, is one of the most active volcanoes in the world, erupting last in December 2021.
2146:
There are about twenty species of fish which spend at least part of their lives in freshwater. The islands have five endemic freshwater fish species, all
4515:
1451:
1317:, but poaching has wiped out palms in many areas of Réunion. Three monodominant plant communities are also found in the cloud forests – forests of
1198:
325:, plus a number of volcanic remnants in the tropics of the southwestern Indian Ocean, generally between 700 and 1,500 kilometres east of Madagascar. The
2880:
3756:
1475:
1074:
1004:
3916:
720:
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to Réunion. The plateau covers an area of over 115,000 km of shallow water, with depths ranging from 8 to 150 meters, plunging to 4000 m to the
3015:
4039:
2251:
1418:
907:
7280:
7270:
4312:
3776:
3579:
3349:
1463:
2308:, Cabinet Nature Reserve, Gouly Pere Nature Reserve, and Bois Sec Nature Reserve. There are 32 designated protected areas on Réunion, including
493:
is located just north of Cargados Carajos, and prehistorically they were a single geological feature. Today it is a large, shallow fishing bank.
3695:
3086:
5385:
2909:
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2423:
7401:
7391:
7316:
5072:
4805:
5679:
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3175:, (1984) "Historic extinctions: A rosetta stone for understanding prehistoric extinctions". In: P. Martin and R. Klein (eds.) (1984)
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group consisting of a barrier reef, shoals, and low islets. It is the remnant of one -or more- large volcanic islands sitting on the
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7336:
5120:
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5725:
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737:(1810-1968), the island successfully developed as a sugar cane-based plantation economy and colony until independence in 1968.
2452:
2288:
40.6% of the Mascarene Islands' land area is constituted of protected areas. Terrestrial protected areas on Mauritius include
7441:
7161:
7061:
5007:
4448:
2802:
628:
92:
2180:, which is endemic to Réunion, hatches in the sea before migrating to the rainforest streams where it lives its adult life.
4032:
3354:
2756:
Thébaud, Christophe & Warren, Ben & Cheke, Anthony & Strasberg, Dominique. (2009). Mascarene Islands, Biology.
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Recent volcanic deposits on Réunion's volcanic summits are covered by sparse grasslands rich in endemic grasses, including
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UNEP-WCMC (2021). Protected Area Profile for Réunion from the World Database of Protected Areas. Accessed 18 August 2021.
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7411:
7381:
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4489:
4338:
3831:
3139:
3044:
565:
7386:
7331:
7255:
3941:
3931:
3736:
3688:
2507:
772:
363:
Réunion is located 150 km southwest of Mauritius. It is the largest of the islands, with an area of 2512 km.
2793:
Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2008).
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1682:, 23 of which are endemic to the islands. The Macarenes' endemic species are polyphyletic and split into nine clades.
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7341:
6841:
4643:
3946:
3836:
2596:
798:
374:
Rodrigues is located 574 km east of Mauritius. It has an area of 109 km, and reaches 393 meters elevation.
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2962:
2479:
780:
7311:
7306:
7260:
7171:
4633:
4006:
3926:
3891:
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3816:
2289:
2188:
The Mascarene Islands are surrounded by approximately 750 square km of coral reef. Rodrigues has nearly continuous
891:; they include over a thousand species of which several hundred are endemic. The Mascarene islands form a distinct
7376:
7321:
7250:
4603:
4025:
2987:
1910:'s descriptions, but at this time no living residents of Rodrigues remembered having seen living birds. The star
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of their spores, allowing fairly frequent colonization from Madagascar and exchange among the Mascarene islands.
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4120:
4115:
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3806:
3801:
3781:
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3215:
2769:"Mascarenes Ferns – Investigating the fern diversity of the Mascarene Islands using phylogeographic approaches"
989:
776:
436:
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3716:
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3605:
2884:
2361:
2301:
1921:
921:, grading into lowland rain forest on the windward sides of the islands and lowland dry forests to leeward.
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7022:
4865:
4626:
4379:
3971:
3911:
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1751:), often called the dodo tree, is not producing young trees and is threatened with extinction. The extinct
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4608:
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in Dallas, Texas to protect St. Brandon from pollution and to protect surviving flora and fauna in the
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668:
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1985:
392:
279:
17:
2001:
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areas with average annual rainfall of 1500 to 6000 mm. Characteristic trees include species of
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4713:
4212:
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1937:
761:
701:
31:
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Scientific research application on the nature reserve of Mare-Longue (Réunion - Mascarene Islands)
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3314:
2305:
1118:
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420:
404:
2503:
Islands in the southern Indian Ocean westward of Longitude 80 degrees east, including Madagascar
2255:
The Saint Brandon Conservation Trust at Corporate Council on Africa in May 2024 in Dallas, Texas
2009:
568:(828 m) is the highest peak on Mauritius, and the gentle hills of Rodrigues rise to only 390 m.
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6575:
6221:
4685:
4538:
4438:
4428:
4359:
4335:
4093:
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3524:
3414:
3344:
3060:
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1945:
1487:
1428:
689:
2905:
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2537:"The Cantino Planisphere (1502) – Earliest Documented Evidence of the Cargados Carajos Shoals"
2501:
1903:
658:
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4369:
3584:
3504:
3469:
3454:
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3329:
3257:
1357:
600:
35 million years ago, and the Nazareth Bank and the Cargados Carajos shoals after that.
561:
516:
368:
255:
3635:
1843:
Many of the Mascarene birds evolved into flightless forms, the most famous of which was the
853:
occur occasionally, bringing heavy rain and high winds, and causing erosion and landslides.
7426:
6699:
6234:
5446:
3976:
3459:
2135:
or Sept Cascades (293 m) on Mauritius is the highest waterfall on Mauritius, while Cascade
2108:
2100:
1313:
878:
644:
286:
2565:
2017:
1277:) on both islands. There is an understory of small trees and shrubs including species of
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regions. On the largest islands these gave rise to endemism and unusual biodiversity. The
8:
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4197:
4158:
4102:
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3309:
3111:
2170:
1872:
1860:
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1374:
1319:
829:
713:
of 1502, that Arab sailors first discovered Mauritius around 975, calling it Dina Arobi (
710:
4860:
1899:
6630:
5211:
4706:
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4565:
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4458:
4389:
4187:
4138:
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3514:
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3484:
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3464:
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3424:
3374:
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2405:
2401:
1977:
1929:
1362:
1335:
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900:
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54:
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412:
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2511:
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Mauritius, Réunion, and Rodrigues were also once each home to one or more species of
2041:
1953:
1936:) – inhabit both Mauritius and Réunion. Eight species are endemic to Mauritius – the
1914:
1345:
734:
624:
572:
500:
484:
474:
275:
267:
263:
4993:
2839:
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2074:. There are 13 living endemic reptile species, including a number of species of day
2033:
534:) was the first of the Mascarene islands to rise out of the Indian Ocean due to the
395:
which were submerged by rising tides. Today, the thirty or so islands that comprise
7275:
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6741:
6709:
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3399:
3389:
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3304:
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2827:
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1969:
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discovered the island group. The area remained under nominal Portuguese rule until
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547:
382:
364:
191:
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367:(3,069 m), an extinct volcano, is the highest peak on Réunion and in the islands.
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4192:
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of Mauritius. Thirteen additional species of birds became extinct, including the
1807:
1557:
1394:
1380:
1108:
816:
717:). The earliest confirmed discovery on record was in 1507 by Portuguese sailors.
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346:
227:
2351:
1052:. Shrubs in the semi-dry forests include several spectacular endemic species of
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it was held by the British, before being returned to France. Réunion became an
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1911:
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1222:
1123:
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473:. Prehistorically it was a group of volcanic islands and was enjoined to the
107:
94:
6840:
1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent
1726:
is paraphyletic. In terms of breeding systems the Malagasy Dombeyoideae are
259:
6666:
6026:
5846:
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4701:
4555:
4547:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4148:
3041:"Mascarenes". Freshwater Ecoregions of the World. Accessed 21 August 2021.
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2588:
International Education: An Encyclopedia of Contemporary Issues and Systems
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2139:(725 m, ranks 23rd worldwide) on Réunion is the highest of the Mascarenes.
2070:
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1744:
1679:
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1210:
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1029:
975:
970:
918:
592:
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290:
247:
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There are 24 species of trees and shrubs in the Mascarenes from subfamily
575:
is an undersea plateau that extends approximately 2000 km, from the
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6409:
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1993:
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1619:
1608:
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1530:
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1009:
873:
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310:
283:
5458:
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1920:
Today 17 endemic bird species survive on the islands. Two species – the
297:
until their separation about 70 million years ago. They form a distinct
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5669:
5601:
5084:
4825:
4820:
4407:
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are all endemic to the Mascarene Islands. Other endemic genera include
1568:
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1542:
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1133:
1113:
1079:
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294:
271:
251:
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2626:"De Bourbon à la Réunion, l'Histoire d'une Île (du XVII au XX siècle)"
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131:
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1891:
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1502:
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447:(South Island, l'île Boisée), Petit Fou, l'Avocaire, l'île aux Fous,
400:
322:
314:
298:
149:
135:
127:
5105:
4268:
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906:
In prehistoric times the islands were covered in a diverse range of
750:
693:(captain-general), included Réunion and (nominally) the Seychelles.
66:
6942:
6689:
6552:
6529:
6506:
6353:
6317:
5937:
5568:
5332:
4580:
4397:
3087:"Saving Africa's Rarest Species at the Corporate Council on Africa"
2831:
2449:"Privy Council Judgment 30 July 2008 - Raphaël Fishing Company Ltd"
2228:
2195:
2083:
1864:
1832:
1614:
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270:, who first visited them in April 1512. The islands share a common
7207:
4417:
3231:, Cantino planisphere image, zoomable to very high resolution, at
3061:"2024 U.S-Africa Biz Summit Takes Place in Dallas, Texas, May 6-9"
6890:
6819:
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6653:
6386:
6280:
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5892:
5690:
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5358:
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4354:
4163:
3223:
3211:
Dispersal of the Genus Phelsuma in the Mascarenes (Phelsumania)
3180:
2424:"Le bail permanent de Raphaël Fishing confirmé sur St.-Brandon"
1907:
1848:
1828:
1802:
1712:
1665:
1600:
1501:
The four largest families present in the Mascarene Islands are
1495:
1330:
1193:
1184:
243:
159:
5819:
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583:
at its edges. The southern part of the plateau, including the
215:
6786:
6422:
6343:
6293:
6172:
6066:
6056:
5973:
5953:
5869:
5859:
5785:
5611:
5479:
5175:
4585:
4476:
3112:""Mascarene forests". DOPA Explorer. Accessed 18 August 2021"
2263:
2079:
2075:
955:
812:
334:
553:
Réunion is home to the highest peaks in the Mascarenes, the
6016:
2959:"Le Musée Du Dodo - Dodo And Solitaires, Myths And Reality"
2677:"Reunion | History, Location, Map, Population, & Facts"
2388:
Strahm, Wendy (1996). "Mascarene Islands an Introduction".
2147:
1852:
1793:
1752:
330:
206:
6844:. In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized.
4334:
2795:
Genera Palmarum: The Evolution and Classification of Palms
2792:
954:
families well-represented in the semi-dry forests include
301:
with unique biodiversity and endemism of flora and fauna.
6247:
2873:
2096:
1824:
1820:
1816:
371:
is an active volcano on Réunion which erupts frequently.
197:
2852:
1490:
and fauna are thought to have descended originally from
1323:(Fabaceae) as the canopy tree, which are similar to the
2283:
2268:
On 8 May 2024, an independent Mauritian NGO called the
709:
It is postulated from navigational charts, such as the
2107:), which is endemic to Mauritius and Réunion, and the
2934:"Seed Dispersal in Australian Subtropical Rainforest"
2312:(1055.15 km), which cover 63.13% of the island.
2246:
218:
203:
200:
6861:
2817:
1095:
The lowland rain forests are characterized by dense
212:
2476:"Dispersal of the Genus Phelsuma in the Mascarenes"
2217:, and sand consolidated with beds of seagrass such
1552:The Mascarenes are home to many endemic species of
913:Coastal habitats include beach vegetation, coastal
209:
194:
1473:. Ericoid thickets and thickets of the small tree
3177:Quaternary Extinctions: A prehistoric revolution.
1730:, whereas those of the Mascarenes are considered
1688:appears monophyletic and more closely related to
1598:. Indigenous trees include species of the genera
407:from three permanently inhabited island bases of
7362:Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
7293:
3703:
7281:Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia
7271:Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago
6982:
2473:
604:banks found on the plateau are the remnants of
459:, Verronge, l'île aux Bois and Baleines Rocks.
30:For the Canadian unincorporated community, see
2883:. Internationaldovesociety.com. Archived from
1878:Contemporary sources state that the dodo used
1483:) are found on weathered volcanic substrates.
5121:
4767:
4523:
4320:
4078:
4033:
3689:
3265:
3233:Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec
639:1780 map of Reunion, Mauritius, and Rodrigues
462:There are several submerged banks or shoals:
1301:(orchids, ferns, mosses, lichens), emergent
1164:). Characteristic shrubs include species of
499:is located on the northernmost point of the
4917:
3239:button to get maximum resolution. Click on
2752:
2750:
1886:fruits. Seed distribution of at least some
1710:taxa are included in a clade together with
779:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
724:Isle de France (Mauritius) under the French
5128:
5114:
4774:
4760:
4530:
4516:
4327:
4313:
4085:
4071:
4047:
4040:
4026:
3696:
3682:
3272:
3258:
2982:
2928:
2926:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2264:Launch of Saint Brandon Conservation Trust
477:until continental drift pushed them apart.
337:, and small islands. They present various
65:
53:
6603:
4794:
2068:, now extinct, which comprised the genus
1343:), and hyperhumid forests of screw-pine (
799:Learn how and when to remove this message
627:, namesake of the Mascarene Islands, was
356:Mauritius is located 900 km east of
2811:
2499:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2250:
1787:
1351:
937:, along with the palm-like screw-pines (
872:
860:
634:
619:
511:
451:, Petit Mapou, Grand Mapou, La Baleine,
7266:Portuguese colonization of the Americas
3037:
3035:
3033:
2923:
2820:International Journal of Plant Sciences
2727:
2623:
1426:). Herbaceous endemic species include
254:consisting of islands belonging to the
14:
7294:
5398:
2786:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2562:"History | Mauritian Archaeology"
2387:
1796:was a frugivore giant columbiforme of
811:Rodrigues was first discovered by the
483:are a group of low-lying banks on the
423:was granted these Thirteen Islands of
6981:
6860:
6602:
6113:
5818:
5397:
5147:
5135:
5109:
4916:
4793:
4755:
4511:
4308:
4066:
4021:
3677:
3279:
3253:
2374:
2227:). Among coral reef fishes, wrasses (
2095:The islands' only native mammals are
1202:, numerous species of orchids (e.g.,
815:but named after Portuguese navigator
6991:
6870:
6612:
6123:
5828:
5788:) and small temporary coastal bases.
5407:
5157:
3104:
3030:
2284:Protected and Future Protected areas
2272:was internationally launched at the
1898:with "solitary" habits, such as the
1311:species), and, originally the palms
777:adding citations to reliable sources
744:
705:Logo of the Dutch East India Company
258:as well as the French department of
59:Topographic map of Mascarene Islands
27:Group of islands in the Indian Ocean
4781:
4490:French colonization of the Americas
3118:from the original on 19 August 2021
2698:
2455:from the original on 1 October 2022
439:in 2008. These Thirteen islands of
24:
7256:Evolution of the Portuguese Empire
3018:from the original on 1 August 2017
2402:10.1111/j.1467-8748.1996.tb00567.x
2247:Wildlife, threats and preservation
2243:(Acanthuridae) have many species.
719:
700:
415:(South Island, l'île Boisées) and
25:
7493:
7402:Important Bird Areas of Mauritius
7392:Fishing areas of the Indian Ocean
7317:Archipelagoes of the Indian Ocean
5680:São João Baptista de Ajudá, Benin
3187:
3005:
2605:from the original on 7 April 2023
2508:Great Britain Hydrographic Office
2478:. Phelsumania.com. Archived from
1486:Most of the indigenous Mascarene
7261:Portuguese colonial architecture
6862:North America and North Atlantic
5726:Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
5384:
5148:
4002:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3772:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3580:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3350:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2290:Black River Gorges National Park
2270:Saint Brandon Conservation Trust
908:tropical moist broadleaf forests
749:
566:Piton de la Petite Rivière Noire
190:
7337:Freshwater ecoregions of Africa
7251:Armorial of Portuguese colonies
4984:French domains of the Holy Land
3130:
3079:
3053:
2999:
2976:
2965:from the original on 2011-07-22
2951:
2940:from the original on 2013-12-20
2912:from the original on 2014-05-06
2898:
2846:
2771:. Ist-world.org. Archived from
2761:
2687:from the original on 2022-04-13
2669:
2430:from the original on 2017-09-15
2115:) found only on Rodrigues. The
2056:) are found only on Rodrigues.
1800:Island where there are several
313:comprises three large islands,
7447:Biota of the Mascarene Islands
6114:
4979:French domains of Saint Helena
4096:in Africa and the Indian Ocean
2995:. London: Hutchinson & Co.
2797:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
2617:
2579:
2554:
2529:
2493:
2467:
2441:
2416:
2040:) are endemic to Réunion. The
1780:) destroying unripened seeds.
841:fall on Réunion's high peaks.
437:Privy Council (United Kingdom)
427:under a 1901 Permanent Lease (
262:. Their name derives from the
13:
1:
6281:Portuguese Paliacate outpost
3179:University of Arizona Press,
2367:
2362:Mauritian Wildlife Foundation
2302:Corps de Garde Nature Reserve
2126:
1922:Mascarene paradise flycatcher
1572:), and members of the family
667:(governor general) contained
542:(approximately 2 mya later),
399:form part of the Republic of
7442:Natural history of Mauritius
7023:Captaincy Colonies of Brazil
6816: • 1938–1941
6793: • 1890–1999
6783: • 1851–1999
6773: • 1864–1999
6673: • 1578–1650
6660: • 1576–1605
6647: • 1522–1575
6572: • 1779–1954
6549: • 1687–1749
6486: • 1598–1610
6476: • 1579–1632
6452: • 1568–1659
6442: • 1559–1961
6429: • 1548–1658
6419: • 1540–1612
6406: • 1536–1662
6393: • 1535–1739
6370: • 1534–1661
6360: • 1534–1601
6350: • 1531–1571
6340: • 1531–1571
6324: • 1528–1666
6314: • 1523–1662
6290: • 1521–1740
6277: • 1518–1619
6244: • 1510–1961
6231: • 1507–1657
6218: • 1502–1661
6196: • 1502–1658
6182: • 1501–1663
6169: • 1500–1663
4714:Port Louis-Philippe (Akaroa)
3704:List of ecoregions in Africa
2591:. Routledge. 17 March 2015.
2541:saintbrandonconservation.org
2500:Moriarty, Cpt. H.A. (1891).
1356:Open subalpine shrubland on
740:
696:
304:
7:
6983:South America and Caribbean
4954: and Antarctic Lands
2635:(in French). 32–33: 91–99.
2390:Curtis's Botanical Magazine
2315:
2274:Corporate Council on Africa
2117:lesser Mascarene flying fox
2059:
1917:was named after this bird.
1297:). The forests are rich in
1263:on Réunion, and species of
629:Viceroy of Portuguese India
431:) which were adjudged as a
10:
7498:
7462:Biota of Africa by country
7412:Atolls of the Indian Ocean
7382:Outer Islands of Mauritius
7327:Former Portuguese colonies
7131:Nova Colónia do Sacramento
6210:(Coulão / Kollam)
5281:Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué
3881:
3243:to get full-screen view.)
3152:
2090:
1467:. along with orchids like
849:to 4445 mm annually.
835:
822:
653:Around 1507, the explorer
642:
615:
507:
29:
7387:Reefs of the Indian Ocean
7332:Former colonies in Africa
7246:
6988:
6977:
6867:
6856:
6609:
6598:
6332:(Porto Grande De Bengala)
6120:
6109:
5825:
5814:
5404:
5393:
5382:
5154:
5143:
5067:
5006:
4962:
4945:
4927:
4923:
4912:
4884:
4871:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
4844:
4804:
4800:
4789:
4748:
4732:French East India Company
4722:
4694:
4642:
4594:
4546:
4507:
4495:French West India Company
4485:
4457:
4388:
4345:
4304:
4277:
4249:
4211:
4129:
4101:
4062:
4055:
3990:
3709:
3593:
3568:
3287:
2357:Constitution of Mauritius
2235:), carnivorous groupers (
2183:
1986:Mauritius olive white-eye
1926:Terpsiphone bourbonnensis
1042:, and various species of
393:Mauritia (microcontinent)
171:
166:
157:
146:
141:
123:
86:
78:
73:
64:
52:
42:
7472:Afrotropical realm biota
7457:Biota of Southern Africa
7437:Environment of Mauritius
7342:Geography of East Africa
5010: the Indian Ocean
3757:Central African Republic
3335:Central African Republic
2294:Bras d'Eau National Park
2153:Hypseleotris cyprinoides
2046:Acrocephalus rodericanus
1938:Mauritius grey white-eye
1890:species is performed by
1838:
1783:
1749:Sideroxylon grandiflorum
1333:, thickets dominated by
882:(Mascarenes leaf-flower)
856:
435:by determination of the
32:Mascarene, New Brunswick
7312:Archipelagoes of Africa
7307:Afrotropical ecoregions
7162:Grão-Pará and Rio Negro
7081: • 1621–1815
7068: • 1578–1607
7055: • 1572–1578
7042: • 1572–1578
7029: • 1549–1572
7016: • 1534–1549
6383: • 1535
6255: • 1512–1525
5923:Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah)
4918:Uninhabited territories
4429:Saint Kitts & Nevis
3218:, PDF from the site of
2681:Encyclopedia Britannica
2306:Le Pouce Nature Reserve
2026:Réunion olive white-eye
1857:Réunion flightless ibis
1192:. Other plants include
1119:Hernandia mascarenensis
1035:Sideroxylon boutonianum
655:Diogo Fernandes Pereira
443:on Permanent Grant are
421:Raphael Fishing Company
405:Raphael Fishing Company
280:Mauritia microcontinent
240:Mascarenhas Archipelago
7377:Islands of St. Brandon
7322:Former French colonies
7152:Grão-Pará and Maranhão
6576:Dadra and Nagar Haveli
4848: collectivities
4686:Sanjak of Alexandretta
4539:Former French colonies
4336:Former French colonies
4094:Former French colonies
4049:French overseas empire
3206:. World Wildlife Fund.
3204:Terrestrial Ecoregions
2723:. World Wildlife Fund.
2721:Terrestrial Ecoregions
2624:Combeau, Yvan (2002).
2298:Perrier Nature Reserve
2256:
2002:Réunion grey white-eye
1990:Zosterops chloronothos
1946:Mauritius cuckooshrike
1811:
1569:Psiloxylon mauritianum
1439:Cynoglossum borbonicum
1429:Heterochaenia rivalsii
1384:
1039:Sideroxylon borbonicum
883:
870:
725:
706:
640:
632:
519:
329:includes a variety of
231:
7422:Quarantine facilities
6842:invasion by Indonesia
6604:East Asia and Oceania
5776:São Tomé and Príncipe
5549:Portuguese Mozambique
5506:Portuguese Gold Coast
4795:Inhabited territories
4727:France–Asia relations
4282:Somaliland (Djibouti)
3917:São Tomé and Príncipe
3777:Republic of the Congo
3495:São Tomé and Príncipe
3355:Republic of the Congo
3091:usafricabizsummit.com
2908:. Beautyofbirds.com.
2906:"Rodrigues Solitaire"
2881:"Rodrigues Solitaire"
2474:Emmanuel Van Heygen.
2347:L'île du Gouvernement
2310:Réunion National Park
2254:
2205:massives, foliaceous
2177:Cotylopus acutipinnis
2157:Cotylopus acutipinnis
2038:Hypsipetes borbonicus
1942:Zosterops mauritianus
1900:Réunion blue swamphen
1791:
1358:Piton de la Fournaise
1355:
1085:Scolopia heterophylla
958:species in the genus
876:
864:
723:
704:
638:
623:
562:Piton de la Fournaise
517:Piton de la Fournaise
515:
449:L'île du Gouvernement
369:Piton de la Fournaise
256:Republic of Mauritius
7452:Biota of East Africa
7372:Western Indo-Pacific
7367:Volcanic arc islands
7352:Islands of Mauritius
5073:overseas departments
5008:Scattered Islands in
4889: collectivity
4347:French North America
3163:The Song of the Dodo
2936:. Tmale.tripod.com.
2113:Pteropus rodricensis
2109:Rodrigues flying fox
2101:Mauritian flying fox
2010:Réunion cuckooshrike
2006:Zosterops borbonicus
1974:Hypsipetes olivaceus
1934:Aerodramus francicus
1806:species. Painted by
1774:crab-eating macaques
1766:broad-billed parrots
1458:Agrostis salaziensis
1434:Eriotrix commersonii
1401:Stoebe passerinoides
1369:Stoebe passerinoides
1314:Acanthophoenix rubra
879:Phyllanthus tenellus
773:improve this section
645:History of Mauritius
380:, also known as the
7432:Fishing tournaments
5495:(São Jorge da Mina)
5346:São João da Mamora
5188:(El Qsar es Seghir)
5042:Juan de Nova Island
4929:North Pacific Ocean
4541:in Asia and Oceania
3992:States with limited
3570:States with limited
3200:"Mascarene forests"
2717:"Mascarene forests"
2171:Oxyurichthys guibei
2161:Glossogobius kokius
2030:Zosterops olivaceus
1904:Réunion sacred ibis
1873:Rodrigues solitaire
1861:broad-billed parrot
1778:Macaca fascicularis
1375:Acacia heterophylla
1320:Acacia heterophylla
867:Foetidia mauritiana
832:of France in 1946.
830:overseas department
711:Cantino planisphere
659:Étienne de Flacourt
274:origin beneath the
104: /
39:
7482:Fungi of Mauritius
7477:Fauna of Mauritius
7407:Flora of Mauritius
7208:Portuguese Guiana
7172:Maranhão and Piauí
6820:Lapa and Montanha
6631:Portuguese Malacca
6517:Portuguese Ceylon
6471:(Portuguese India)
6309:(Portuguese India)
5940: •
5399:Sub-Saharan Africa
4947:Overseas territory
4472:France Antarctique
4459:Equinoctial France
4422:Dominican Republic
3281:History of Africa
3220:Biblioteca Estense
3142:2021-12-20 at the
3047:2021-08-21 at the
2984:Rothschild, Walter
2961:. Potomitan.info.
2867:10.1002/tax.582016
2641:10.4267/2042/14363
2257:
2165:Gobius commersonii
1978:Mauritius parakeet
1930:Mascarene swiftlet
1882:and could swallow
1812:
1722:, this means that
1436:(Asteraceae), and
1416:(Asteraceae), and
1390:Erica reunionensis
1385:
1363:Erica reunionensis
1336:Erica reunionensis
1214:) and ferns e.g.,
1136:), and species of
1025:Terminalia bentzoe
934:Dictyosperma album
901:introduced species
884:
871:
726:
707:
664:gouverneur général
641:
633:
585:Saya de Malha Bank
520:
467:Saya de Malha Bank
347:climate is oceanic
37:
7357:Marine ecoregions
7347:Islands of France
7302:Mascarene Islands
7289:
7288:
7242:
7241:
7236:
7235:
7229:
7228:
7177:
7176:
7136:
7135:
7103:
7102:
6973:
6972:
6967:
6966:
6958:
6957:
6912:
6911:
6852:
6851:
6835:
6834:
6828:
6827:
6810:Portuguese Macau
6802:
6801:
6755:
6754:
6725:
6724:
6594:
6593:
6588:
6587:
6581:
6580:
6566:Portuguese India
6558:
6557:
6543:Portuguese India
6535:
6534:
6498:
6497:
6461:
6460:
6299:
6298:
6153:
6152:
6143:Laccadive Islands
6105:
6104:
6099:
6098:
6092:
6091:
5989:
5988:
5810:
5809:
5800:Portuguese Angola
5793:Portuguese Guinea
5769:
5768:
5762:
5761:
5747:Portuguese Guinea
5731:
5730:
5697:
5696:
5652:
5651:
5622:Portuguese Angola
5521:
5520:
5516:Mascarene Islands
5380:
5379:
5374:
5373:
5367:
5366:
5263:
5262:
5231:1487–16th century
5137:Portuguese Empire
5103:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5063:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5054:
4998:Amsterdam Islands
4989:Kerguelen Islands
4937:Clipperton Island
4908:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4876:Wallis and Futuna
4744:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4644:Mandate for Syria
4634:Kouang-Tchéou-Wan
4596:Indochinese Union
4503:
4502:
4300:
4299:
4213:Equatorial Africa
4015:
4014:
3792:Equatorial Guinea
3671:
3670:
3597:other territories
3370:Equatorial Guinea
3241:Image plein écran
3216:Carta del Cantino
3067:. 5 February 2024
2804:978-1-84246-182-2
2121:Pteropus subniger
2042:Rodrigues warbler
2018:Réunion stonechat
1954:Mauritius kestrel
1915:Turdus Solitarius
1588:, and species of
1452:Festuca borbonica
1432:(Campanulaceae),
1346:Pandanus montanus
1199:Nastus borbonicus
897:Mascarene forests
851:Tropical cyclones
809:
808:
801:
735:British Mauritius
690:capitaine général
625:Pedro Mascarenhas
573:Mascarene Plateau
501:Mascarene Plateau
485:Mascarene Plateau
475:Great Chagos Bank
289:situated between
276:Mascarene Plateau
268:Pedro Mascarenhas
183:Mascarene Islands
179:
178:
38:Mascarene Islands
16:(Redirected from
7489:
7467:Biota by country
7276:Portuguese India
7224:
7211:
7198:
7188:
7187:
7185:
7145:
7144:
7142:
7114:
7113:
7111:
7086:
7073:
7060:
7047:
7034:
7021:
7003:
7002:
7000:
6992:
6979:
6978:
6933:
6923:
6922:
6920:
6882:
6881:
6879:
6871:
6858:
6857:
6823:
6813:
6812:
6808:
6770:
6769:
6766:Portuguese Macau
6763:
6751:
6750:
6742:Portuguese Timor
6734:
6733:
6731:
6678:
6665:
6652:
6624:
6623:
6621:
6613:
6600:
6599:
6569:
6568:
6564:
6546:
6545:
6541:
6520:
6500:
6499:
6493:
6465:
6464:
6436:
6413:
6400:
6377:
6333:
6303:
6302:
6284:
6270:
6259:
6238:
6225:
6224:(Cochin de Cima)
6211:
6200:
6189:
6176:
6166:
6165:
6162:Portuguese India
6159:
6147:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6124:
6111:
6110:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5945:
5873:
5850:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5829:
5816:
5815:
5757:Portuguese Congo
5740:
5739:
5737:
5716:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5693:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5647:
5635:
5582:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5496:
5483:
5461:
5449:
5419:
5418:
5416:
5408:
5395:
5394:
5388:
5362:
5349:
5336:
5323:
5310:
5309:(Souira Guedima)
5297:
5284:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5248:
5225:
5202:
5189:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5158:
5145:
5144:
5130:
5123:
5116:
5107:
5106:
5028:Glorioso Islands
5009:
4960:
4959:
4953:
4949:
4925:
4924:
4914:
4913:
4888:
4861:Saint Barthélemy
4856:French Polynesia
4847:
4807:
4802:
4801:
4791:
4790:
4776:
4769:
4762:
4753:
4752:
4561:Coromandel Coast
4532:
4525:
4518:
4509:
4508:
4390:French Caribbean
4370:Terre Neuve
4329:
4322:
4315:
4306:
4305:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4064:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4019:
4018:
3710:Sovereign states
3698:
3691:
3684:
3675:
3674:
3658:
3657:(United Kingdom)
3653:Tristan da Cunha
3649:Ascension Island
3641:
3628:
3619:
3595:Dependencies and
3288:Sovereign states
3274:
3267:
3260:
3251:
3250:
3246:
3207:
3146:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3057:
3051:
3039:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2930:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2765:
2759:
2754:
2725:
2724:
2713:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2657:
2651:. Archived from
2630:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2564:. Archived from
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2385:
2278:Cargados Carajos
2225:Hydrocharitaceae
2150:(Gobiiformes) –
2099:, including the
2054:Foudia flavicans
1982:Psittacula eques
1970:Mauritius bulbul
1476:Sophora denudata
1255:Montagne Cocotte
1075:Obetia ficifolia
1005:Cossinia pinnata
903:on the islands.
804:
797:
793:
790:
784:
753:
745:
715:abandoned island
685:Indes-Orientales
597:Cargados Carajos
558:Piton des Neiges
555:shield volcanoes
548:Cargados Carajos
522:The islands are
383:Cargados Carajos
365:Piton des Neiges
225:
224:
221:
220:
217:
214:
211:
208:
205:
202:
199:
196:
189:
119:
118:
116:
115:
114:
109:
105:
102:
101:
100:
97:
69:
57:
40:
36:
21:
7497:
7496:
7492:
7491:
7490:
7488:
7487:
7486:
7397:Insular ecology
7292:
7291:
7290:
7285:
7238:
7237:
7222:
7209:
7196:
7181:
7138:
7107:
7084:
7071:
7058:
7045:
7032:
7019:
6996:
6984:
6969:
6968:
6931:
6916:
6875:
6863:
6848:
6847:
6836:
6821:
6809:
6804:
6764:
6759:
6744:
6740:
6727:
6676:
6663:
6650:
6617:
6605:
6590:
6589:
6565:
6560:
6542:
6537:
6518:
6492:(Machilipatnam)
6491:
6434:
6411:
6398:
6375:
6364:Salsette Island
6335:
6331:
6330:
6282:
6272:
6268:
6267:
6261:
6257:
6256:
6236:
6223:
6213:
6209:
6208:
6202:
6198:
6197:
6187:
6174:
6160:
6155:
6149:
6145:
6144:
6128:
6116:
6101:
6100:
5993:
5935:
5871:
5848:
5833:
5821:
5806:
5805:
5802:from the 1920s.
5770:
5733:
5714:
5699:
5689:
5656:
5645:
5631:
5580:
5525:
5494:
5481:
5457:
5445:
5412:
5400:
5389:
5376:
5375:
5360:
5347:
5334:
5321:
5308:
5295:
5282:
5267:
5246:
5223:
5200:
5187:
5186:Alcácer Ceguer
5162:
5150:
5139:
5134:
5104:
5095:
5077:Claimed by the
5051:
5047:Tromelin Island
5018:Bassas da India
5002:
4952:French Southern
4941:
4919:
4900:
4880:
4840:
4808: regions
4796:
4785:
4783:Overseas France
4780:
4736:
4718:
4690:
4676:Greater Lebanon
4646:and the Lebanon
4645:
4638:
4590:
4542:
4536:
4499:
4481:
4453:
4384:
4341:
4339:in the Americas
4333:
4296:
4273:
4245:
4207:
4125:
4097:
4091:
4051:
4046:
4016:
4011:
3995:
3993:
3986:
3705:
3702:
3672:
3667:
3666:
3656:
3639:
3626:
3617:
3598:
3596:
3589:
3573:
3571:
3564:
3283:
3278:
3244:
3198:
3190:
3155:
3150:
3149:
3144:Wayback Machine
3135:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3095:
3093:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3049:Wayback Machine
3040:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3004:
3000:
2992:
2981:
2977:
2968:
2966:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2943:
2941:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2915:
2913:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2890:
2888:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2851:
2847:
2816:
2812:
2805:
2791:
2787:
2778:
2776:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2755:
2728:
2715:
2714:
2699:
2690:
2688:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2628:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2599:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2571:
2569:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2545:
2543:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2520:
2518:
2510:. p. 269.
2498:
2494:
2485:
2483:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2456:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2433:
2431:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2386:
2375:
2370:
2318:
2286:
2266:
2249:
2231:), damselfish (
2186:
2129:
2093:
2066:giant tortoises
2062:
2022:Saxicola tectes
1998:Nesoenas mayeri
1958:Falco punctatus
1841:
1808:Jacob Hoefnagel
1786:
1404:and species of
1395:Erica galioides
1381:Erica galioides
1109:Labourdonnaisia
859:
838:
825:
817:Diogo Rodrigues
805:
794:
788:
785:
770:
754:
743:
699:
647:
618:
536:Réunion hotspot
510:
433:Permanent Grant
307:
193:
187:
186:
162:
153:
112:
110:
108:20.20°S 57.75°E
106:
103:
98:
95:
93:
91:
90:
60:
48:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7495:
7485:
7484:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7454:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7414:
7409:
7404:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7364:
7359:
7354:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7287:
7286:
7284:
7283:
7278:
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7247:
7244:
7243:
7240:
7239:
7234:
7233:
7227:
7226:
7218:
7214:
7213:
7205:
7201:
7200:
7192:
7178:
7175:
7174:
7169:
7165:
7164:
7159:
7155:
7154:
7149:
7134:
7133:
7128:
7124:
7123:
7118:
7104:
7101:
7100:
7095:
7091:
7090:
7082:
7078:
7077:
7069:
7065:
7064:
7062:Rio de Janeiro
7056:
7052:
7051:
7043:
7039:
7038:
7030:
7026:
7025:
7017:
7013:
7012:
7007:
6990:
6989:
6986:
6985:
6975:
6974:
6971:
6970:
6965:
6964:
6959:
6956:
6955:
6950:
6946:
6945:
6940:
6936:
6935:
6932:(Newfoundland)
6927:
6913:
6910:
6909:
6900:
6896:
6895:
6886:
6869:
6868:
6865:
6864:
6854:
6853:
6850:
6849:
6846:
6845:
6837:
6833:
6832:
6826:
6825:
6817:
6800:
6799:
6794:
6790:
6789:
6784:
6780:
6779:
6774:
6756:
6753:
6752:
6738:
6723:
6722:
6717:
6713:
6712:
6707:
6703:
6702:
6697:
6693:
6692:
6687:
6683:
6682:
6674:
6670:
6669:
6661:
6657:
6656:
6648:
6644:
6643:
6638:
6634:
6633:
6628:
6611:
6610:
6607:
6606:
6596:
6595:
6592:
6591:
6586:
6585:
6579:
6578:
6573:
6556:
6555:
6550:
6533:
6532:
6527:
6523:
6522:
6514:
6510:
6509:
6504:
6496:
6495:
6487:
6483:
6482:
6477:
6473:
6472:
6469:
6462:
6459:
6458:
6453:
6449:
6448:
6443:
6439:
6438:
6430:
6426:
6425:
6420:
6416:
6415:
6407:
6403:
6402:
6394:
6390:
6389:
6384:
6380:
6379:
6371:
6367:
6366:
6361:
6357:
6356:
6351:
6347:
6346:
6341:
6337:
6336:
6327:
6325:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6311:
6310:
6307:
6300:
6297:
6296:
6291:
6287:
6286:
6278:
6274:
6273:
6264:
6262:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6245:
6241:
6240:
6232:
6228:
6227:
6219:
6215:
6214:
6205:
6203:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6183:
6179:
6178:
6170:
6151:
6150:
6141:
6139:
6122:
6121:
6118:
6117:
6107:
6106:
6103:
6102:
6097:
6096:
6090:
6089:
6084:
6080:
6079:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6050:
6049:
6044:
6040:
6039:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6024:
6020:
6019:
6014:
6010:
6009:
6004:
5990:
5987:
5986:
5981:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5967:
5966:
5961:
5957:
5956:
5951:
5947:
5946:
5930:
5926:
5925:
5920:
5916:
5915:
5910:
5906:
5905:
5900:
5896:
5895:
5890:
5886:
5885:
5880:
5876:
5875:
5867:
5863:
5862:
5857:
5853:
5852:
5849:(Bandar Abbas)
5844:
5827:
5826:
5823:
5822:
5812:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5804:
5803:
5796:
5789:
5782:
5779:
5771:
5767:
5766:
5760:
5759:
5754:
5750:
5749:
5744:
5729:
5728:
5723:
5719:
5718:
5710:
5695:
5694:
5687:
5683:
5682:
5677:
5673:
5672:
5667:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5641:
5637:
5636:
5629:
5625:
5624:
5619:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5605:
5604:
5599:
5595:
5594:
5589:
5585:
5584:
5576:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5562:
5561:
5556:
5552:
5551:
5546:
5542:
5541:
5536:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5509:
5508:
5503:
5499:
5498:
5490:
5486:
5485:
5477:
5473:
5472:
5467:
5463:
5462:
5455:
5451:
5450:
5443:
5439:
5438:
5433:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5406:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5391:
5390:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5372:
5371:
5365:
5364:
5356:
5352:
5351:
5343:
5339:
5338:
5330:
5326:
5325:
5317:
5313:
5312:
5304:
5300:
5299:
5291:
5287:
5286:
5278:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5255:
5251:
5250:
5242:
5238:
5237:
5232:
5228:
5227:
5219:
5215:
5214:
5209:
5205:
5204:
5196:
5192:
5191:
5183:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5156:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5141:
5140:
5133:
5132:
5125:
5118:
5110:
5101:
5100:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5093:
5087:
5081:
5075:
5071:Also known as
5068:
5065:
5064:
5061:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:Banc du Geyser
5025:
5020:
5014:
5012:
5004:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4974:Crozet Islands
4971:
4963:
4957:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4933:
4931:
4921:
4920:
4910:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4898:
4892:
4890:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4852:
4850:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4812:
4810:
4798:
4797:
4787:
4786:
4779:
4778:
4771:
4764:
4756:
4750:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4729:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4698:
4696:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4683:
4681:Jabal al-Druze
4678:
4673:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4654:State of Syria
4650:
4648:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4636:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4611:
4606:
4600:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4552:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4535:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4512:
4505:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4463:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4449:Virgin Islands
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4413:Saint-Domingue
4410:
4408:The Grenadines
4405:
4400:
4394:
4392:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4375:French Florida
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4351:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4332:
4331:
4324:
4317:
4309:
4302:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4294:
4292:Isle de France
4289:
4284:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4253:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4217:
4215:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4184:
4183:
4173:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4135:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4107:
4105:
4099:
4098:
4090:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4067:
4057:
4053:
4052:
4045:
4044:
4037:
4030:
4022:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3998:
3996:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3678:
3669:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3662:Western Sahara
3659:
3642:
3629:
3620:
3606:Canary Islands
3602:
3601:
3599:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3576:
3574:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3284:
3277:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3254:
3248:
3247:
3226:
3213:
3208:
3196:
3189:
3188:External links
3186:
3185:
3184:
3173:Diamond, Jared
3170:
3165:. Touchstone,
3159:Quammen, David
3154:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3129:
3103:
3078:
3052:
3029:
2998:
2975:
2950:
2922:
2897:
2872:
2861:(2): 519–531.
2845:
2832:10.1086/679350
2826:(3): 211–221.
2810:
2803:
2785:
2760:
2726:
2697:
2668:
2616:
2597:
2578:
2553:
2528:
2492:
2466:
2440:
2415:
2396:(4): 182–185.
2372:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2337:Avocaré Island
2334:
2329:
2324:
2317:
2314:
2285:
2282:
2265:
2262:
2248:
2245:
2190:fringing reefs
2185:
2182:
2128:
2125:
2123:) is extinct.
2105:Pteropus niger
2092:
2089:
2061:
2058:
2050:Rodrigues fody
2034:Réunion bulbul
2014:Lalage newtoni
1962:Mauritius fody
1880:gizzard stones
1869:Rodrigues rail
1840:
1837:
1785:
1782:
1743:example, the
1728:hermaphroditic
1636:Acanthophoenix
1596:Escalloniaceae
1470:Disa borbonica
1419:Phylica nitida
1090:Flacourtiaceae
948:sclerophyllous
858:
855:
844:Southeasterly
837:
834:
824:
821:
807:
806:
757:
755:
748:
742:
739:
731:Isle de France
698:
695:
679:(Réunion) and
669:Isle de France
617:
614:
560:(3,069 m) and
538:, followed by
509:
506:
505:
504:
494:
488:
478:
471:submerged bank
429:999-year lease
306:
303:
287:microcontinent
242:is a group of
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
164:
163:
158:
155:
154:
147:
144:
143:
142:Administration
139:
138:
125:
121:
120:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
71:
70:
62:
61:
58:
50:
49:
45:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7494:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7413:
7410:
7408:
7405:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7395:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7299:
7297:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7248:
7245:
7232:
7225:
7219:
7216:
7215:
7212:
7206:
7203:
7202:
7199:
7193:
7190:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7179:
7173:
7170:
7167:
7166:
7163:
7160:
7157:
7156:
7153:
7150:
7147:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7132:
7129:
7126:
7125:
7122:
7119:
7116:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7105:
7099:
7096:
7093:
7092:
7089:
7083:
7080:
7079:
7076:
7070:
7067:
7066:
7063:
7057:
7054:
7053:
7050:
7044:
7041:
7040:
7037:
7031:
7028:
7027:
7024:
7018:
7015:
7014:
7011:
7008:
7005:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6994:
6993:
6987:
6980:
6976:
6963:
6960:
6954:
6951:
6948:
6947:
6944:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6934:
6928:
6925:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6914:
6908:
6907:
6906:
6901:
6898:
6897:
6894:
6893:
6892:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6873:
6872:
6866:
6859:
6855:
6843:
6839:
6838:
6831:
6824:
6818:
6815:
6814:
6811:
6807:
6798:
6795:
6792:
6791:
6788:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6778:
6775:
6772:
6771:
6768:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6748:
6743:
6739:
6736:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6721:
6718:
6715:
6714:
6711:
6708:
6705:
6704:
6701:
6698:
6695:
6694:
6691:
6688:
6685:
6684:
6681:
6675:
6672:
6671:
6668:
6662:
6659:
6658:
6655:
6649:
6646:
6645:
6642:
6639:
6636:
6635:
6632:
6629:
6626:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6615:
6614:
6608:
6601:
6597:
6584:
6577:
6574:
6571:
6570:
6567:
6563:
6554:
6551:
6548:
6547:
6544:
6540:
6531:
6528:
6525:
6524:
6521:
6515:
6512:
6511:
6508:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6494:
6490:Masulipatnam
6488:
6485:
6484:
6481:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6470:
6467:
6466:
6463:
6457:
6454:
6451:
6450:
6447:
6446:Daman and Diu
6444:
6441:
6440:
6437:
6435:(Thoothukudi)
6431:
6428:
6427:
6424:
6421:
6418:
6417:
6414:
6412:(Kodungallur)
6408:
6405:
6404:
6401:
6399:(Vasai-Virar)
6395:
6392:
6391:
6388:
6385:
6382:
6381:
6378:
6372:
6369:
6368:
6365:
6362:
6359:
6358:
6355:
6352:
6349:
6348:
6345:
6342:
6339:
6338:
6334:
6326:
6323:
6322:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6312:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6301:
6295:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6285:
6279:
6276:
6275:
6271:
6263:
6253:
6252:
6249:
6246:
6243:
6242:
6239:
6233:
6230:
6229:
6226:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6212:
6204:
6194:
6193:
6190:
6184:
6181:
6180:
6177:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6164:
6163:
6158:
6148:
6146:(Lakshadweep)
6140:
6137:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6126:
6125:
6119:
6112:
6108:
6095:
6088:
6087:Bandar-e Kong
6085:
6082:
6081:
6078:
6077:Dibba Al-Hisn
6075:
6072:
6071:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6061:
6058:
6055:
6052:
6051:
6048:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6038:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6028:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6018:
6015:
6012:
6011:
6008:
6005:
6002:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5991:
5985:
5982:
5979:
5978:
5975:
5972:
5969:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5949:
5948:
5943:
5939:
5934:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5924:
5921:
5918:
5917:
5914:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5904:
5901:
5898:
5897:
5894:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5884:
5881:
5878:
5877:
5874:
5868:
5865:
5864:
5861:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5851:
5845:
5842:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5831:
5830:
5824:
5817:
5813:
5801:
5797:
5794:
5790:
5787:
5783:
5780:
5777:
5773:
5772:
5765:
5758:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5748:
5745:
5742:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5727:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5717:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5692:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5681:
5678:
5675:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5654:
5648:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5634:
5630:
5627:
5626:
5623:
5620:
5617:
5616:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5606:
5603:
5600:
5597:
5596:
5593:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5583:
5577:
5574:
5573:
5570:
5567:
5564:
5563:
5560:
5557:
5554:
5553:
5550:
5547:
5544:
5543:
5540:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5523:
5517:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5500:
5497:
5491:
5488:
5487:
5484:
5480:Fernando Poo
5478:
5475:
5474:
5471:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5453:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5441:
5440:
5437:
5434:
5431:
5430:
5427:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5410:
5409:
5403:
5396:
5392:
5387:
5370:
5363:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5350:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5337:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5324:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5298:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5285:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5265:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5249:
5243:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5226:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5203:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5190:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5171:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5160:
5159:
5153:
5146:
5142:
5138:
5131:
5126:
5124:
5119:
5117:
5112:
5111:
5108:
5092:
5088:
5086:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5069:
5066:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5031:
5030:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5023:Europa Island
5021:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5005:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4965:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4948:
4944:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4915:
4911:
4897:
4896:New Caledonia
4894:
4893:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4843:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4816:French Guiana
4814:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4803:
4799:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4777:
4772:
4770:
4765:
4763:
4758:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4747:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4721:
4715:
4712:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4693:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4671:Alawite State
4669:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4649:
4647:
4641:
4635:
4632:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4540:
4533:
4528:
4526:
4521:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4487:
4484:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4439:Saint Vincent
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4330:
4325:
4323:
4318:
4316:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4303:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4264:Grande Comore
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4210:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4182:
4181:Four Communes
4179:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4165:
4164:Arguin Island
4162:
4161:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4139:Côte d'Ivoire
4137:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4088:
4083:
4081:
4076:
4074:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4061:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4043:
4038:
4036:
4031:
4029:
4024:
4023:
4020:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3989:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3832:Guinea-Bissau
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3708:
3699:
3694:
3692:
3687:
3685:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3663:
3660:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3643:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3410:Guinea-Bissau
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3275:
3270:
3268:
3263:
3261:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3133:
3117:
3113:
3107:
3092:
3088:
3082:
3066:
3065:allafrica.com
3062:
3056:
3050:
3046:
3043:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3006:Racey, Paul.
3002:
2991:
2990:
2989:Extinct Birds
2985:
2979:
2964:
2960:
2954:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2887:on 2017-03-13
2886:
2882:
2876:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2849:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2814:
2806:
2800:
2796:
2789:
2775:on 2013-06-05
2774:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2658:on 2017-08-08
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2604:
2600:
2598:9781317467519
2594:
2590:
2589:
2582:
2568:on 2022-06-28
2567:
2563:
2557:
2542:
2538:
2532:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2496:
2482:on 2012-07-16
2481:
2477:
2470:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2429:
2425:
2419:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2373:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2261:
2253:
2244:
2242:
2241:surgeonfishes
2238:
2234:
2233:Pomacentridae
2230:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2197:
2191:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2133:Tamarin Falls
2124:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1950:Lalage typica
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:constellation
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1795:
1790:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1768:, along with
1767:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1658:Heterochaenia
1655:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1515:Euphorbiaceae
1512:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1464:Cenchrus afer
1460:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1398:(Ericaceae),
1397:
1396:
1391:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1250:cloud forests
1246:
1244:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1235:Elaphoglossum
1231:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1223:Hymenophyllum
1219:
1218:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1124:Hernandiaceae
1121:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1001:
997:
996:
992:
991:Olea europaea
987:
986:Lecythidaceae
983:
982:
977:
973:
972:
967:
963:
962:
957:
952:
949:
944:
942:
941:
936:
935:
930:
929:
922:
920:
919:swamp forests
916:
911:
909:
904:
902:
898:
895:known as the
894:
890:
881:
880:
875:
869:
868:
863:
854:
852:
847:
842:
833:
831:
820:
818:
814:
803:
800:
792:
782:
778:
774:
768:
767:
763:
758:This section
756:
752:
747:
746:
738:
736:
732:
722:
718:
716:
712:
703:
694:
692:
691:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
665:
660:
656:
651:
646:
637:
630:
626:
622:
613:
611:
607:
603:
598:
594:
590:
589:Nazareth Bank
586:
582:
581:abyssal plain
578:
574:
569:
567:
563:
559:
556:
551:
549:
545:
541:
540:Nazareth Bank
537:
533:
529:
528:Saya de Malha
525:
518:
514:
502:
498:
495:
492:
491:Nazareth Bank
489:
486:
482:
479:
476:
472:
468:
465:
464:
463:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
384:
379:
375:
372:
370:
366:
361:
359:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
339:topographical
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
285:
281:
278:known as the
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
223:
184:
174:
170:
165:
161:
156:
152:
151:
145:
140:
137:
133:
129:
126:
124:Major islands
122:
117:
113:-20.20; 57.75
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:
68:
63:
56:
51:
44:Native name:
41:
33:
19:
7417:Biodiversity
7230:
7183:19th century
7182:
7180:
7140:18th century
7139:
7137:
7109:17th century
7108:
7106:
6998:16th century
6997:
6995:
6961:
6918:16th century
6917:
6915:
6903:
6902:
6889:
6888:
6877:15th century
6876:
6874:
6829:
6806:20th century
6805:
6803:
6761:19th century
6760:
6758:
6729:17th century
6728:
6726:
6619:16th century
6618:
6616:
6582:
6562:18th century
6561:
6559:
6539:17th century
6538:
6536:
6237:(Nagapatnam)
6157:16th century
6156:
6154:
6130:15th century
6129:
6127:
6093:
5995:17th century
5994:
5992:
5964:Tarut Island
5835:16th century
5834:
5832:
5820:Middle East
5786:Anosy Region
5763:
5735:19th century
5734:
5732:
5701:18th century
5700:
5698:
5658:17th century
5657:
5655:
5559:Saint Helena
5527:16th century
5526:
5524:
5515:
5414:15th century
5413:
5411:
5368:
5269:16th century
5268:
5266:
5164:15th century
5163:
5161:
5149:North Africa
5032:
4966:
4866:Saint Martin
4702:New Hebrides
4556:Chandernagor
4548:French India
4380:French Texas
4236:Ubangi-Shari
4231:Middle Congo
4198:James Island
4103:North Africa
3942:South Africa
3932:Sierra Leone
3737:Burkina Faso
3645:Saint Helena
3616:
3520:South Africa
3510:Sierra Leone
3315:Burkina Faso
3240:
3236:
3235:. (Click on
3232:
3203:
3176:
3162:
3132:
3120:. Retrieved
3106:
3094:. Retrieved
3090:
3081:
3069:. Retrieved
3064:
3055:
3020:. Retrieved
3011:
3001:
2988:
2978:
2967:. Retrieved
2953:
2942:. Retrieved
2914:. Retrieved
2900:
2889:. Retrieved
2885:the original
2875:
2858:
2854:
2848:
2823:
2819:
2813:
2794:
2788:
2777:. Retrieved
2773:the original
2763:
2720:
2689:. Retrieved
2680:
2671:
2660:. Retrieved
2653:the original
2632:
2619:
2607:. Retrieved
2587:
2581:
2570:. Retrieved
2566:the original
2556:
2544:. Retrieved
2540:
2531:
2519:. Retrieved
2502:
2495:
2484:. Retrieved
2480:the original
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2443:
2432:. Retrieved
2418:
2393:
2389:
2352:Île Verronge
2342:France Staub
2332:L'île du Sud
2287:
2267:
2258:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2187:
2175:
2169:
2151:
2145:
2141:
2130:
2120:
2112:
2104:
2094:
2082:
2071:Cylindraspis
2069:
2063:
2053:
2045:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2013:
2005:
1997:
1989:
1981:
1973:
1966:Foudia rubra
1965:
1957:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1919:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1842:
1813:
1801:
1777:
1758:Cylindraspis
1756:
1748:
1745:Tambalacoque
1741:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1683:
1680:Dombeyoideae
1677:
1670:
1652:
1646:
1642:Dictyosperma
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1613:
1599:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1576:(the genera
1567:
1561:
1554:Dombeyoideae
1551:
1547:ornithochory
1500:
1485:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1450:
1448:
1444:Boraginaceae
1437:
1433:
1427:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1344:
1334:
1324:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1288:
1278:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1247:
1239:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1215:
1211:Bulbophyllum
1209:
1203:
1197:
1183:
1177:
1171:
1165:
1157:Monimiastrum
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1127:
1117:
1107:
1101:
1094:
1083:
1073:
1063:
1053:
1043:
1033:
1030:Combretaceae
1023:
1013:
1003:
994:
990:
979:
976:Celastraceae
971:Pleurostylia
969:
959:
945:
938:
932:
926:
923:
912:
905:
896:
885:
877:
865:
843:
839:
826:
810:
795:
786:
771:Please help
759:
730:
727:
714:
708:
688:
684:
662:
652:
648:
593:Soudan Banks
570:
552:
521:
497:Hawkins Bank
481:Soudan Banks
469:is a large,
461:
445:L'île du Sud
413:L'île du Sud
381:
376:
373:
362:
355:
308:
282:which was a
248:Indian Ocean
239:
235:
232:Mascareignes
182:
180:
167:Demographics
148:
82:Indian Ocean
46:Mascareignes
7427:Fly fishing
7221:Upper Peru
7195:Cisplatina
6953:Nova Scotia
6930:Terra Nova
6519:(Sri Lanka)
6410:Cranganore
6269:(Kozhikode)
6222:Pallipuram
6007:Khor Fakkan
5960:1521?–1551?
5784:A factory (
5322:(El Jadida)
5296:(Essaouira)
5224:(El Jadida)
5089:Claimed by
5083:Claimed by
4968:Adélie Land
4886:Sui generis
4617:Cochinchina
4434:Saint Lucia
4188:Upper Volta
4131:West Africa
3994:recognition
3947:South Sudan
3837:Ivory Coast
3572:recognition
3525:South Sudan
3415:Ivory Coast
3245:(in French)
3229:del Cantino
2459:27 November
2327:Île Raphael
2322:St. Brandon
2137:Trou de Fer
1994:pink pigeon
1892:frugivorous
1847:flightless
1648:Tectiphiala
1620:palm genera
1609:Sideroxylon
1591:Tambourissa
1574:Monimiaceae
1531:Cunoniaceae
1523:Apocynaceae
1511:Orchidaceae
1498:ancestors.
1329:forests in
1275:Monimiaceae
1271:Tambourissa
1229:Trichomanes
1151:Sideroxylon
1129:Calophyllum
1065:Zanthoxylum
1010:Sapindaceae
846:trade winds
677:Île Bourbon
606:coral reefs
544:Soudan Bank
526:in origin;
457:Île Raphael
441:St. Brandon
425:St. Brandon
409:Ile Raphael
389:coral atoll
378:St. Brandon
311:archipelago
284:Precambrian
111: /
87:Coordinates
7296:Categories
6949:1516–1579?
6939:1500–1579?
6926:1500–1579?
6797:Ilha Verde
6747:East Timor
6433:Tuticorin
6329:Chittagong
6235:Negapatam
6186:Cannanore
6115:South Asia
5950:1521–1529?
5919:1515–1633?
5795:from 1879.
5778:from 1753.
5670:Ziguinchor
5602:Madagascar
5436:Cape Verde
5335:(Azemmour)
5085:Madagascar
4994:Saint Paul
4826:Martinique
4821:Guadeloupe
4576:Pondichéry
4287:Madagascar
4159:Mauritania
4007:Somaliland
3927:Seychelles
3892:Mozambique
3877:Mauritania
3862:Madagascar
3817:The Gambia
3752:Cape Verde
3627:(Portugal)
3585:Somaliland
3505:Seychelles
3470:Mozambique
3455:Mauritania
3440:Madagascar
3395:The Gambia
3330:Cape Verde
2969:2012-07-09
2944:2012-07-09
2916:2012-07-09
2891:2012-07-09
2779:2012-07-09
2691:2020-05-25
2662:2013-10-25
2649:2042/14363
2572:2022-11-27
2506:. London:
2486:2012-07-09
2434:2022-11-27
2368:References
2237:Serranidae
2127:Freshwater
1770:fruit bats
1697:Helmiopsis
1563:Psiloxylon
1543:Sapotaceae
1539:Araliaceae
1527:Cyperaceae
1492:Madagascan
1424:Rhamnaceae
1326:Acacia koa
1303:tree ferns
1285:Asteraceae
1188:in family
1134:Clusiaceae
1114:Sapotaceae
1080:Urticaceae
1050:Sapotaceae
1048:in family
687:, under a
643:See also:
577:Seychelles
453:L'Île Coco
417:L'Île Coco
397:St Brandon
358:Madagascar
295:Madagascar
272:geological
266:navigator
264:Portuguese
260:La Réunion
252:Madagascar
236:Mascarenes
172:Population
7223:(Bolivia)
7204:1809–1817
7197:(Uruguay)
7191:1808–1822
7168:1772–1775
7158:1772–1775
7148:1751–1772
7127:1680–1777
7117:1621–1751
7094:1536–1620
7006:1500–1822
6822:(Hengqin)
6737:1642–1975
6716:1580–1586
6706:1557–1999
6700:Larantuka
6696:1515–1859
6686:1512–1665
6637:1512–1621
6627:1511–1641
6526:1558–1573
6513:1518–1658
6503:1518–1521
6456:Mangalore
6283:(Pulicat)
6201:1659–1661
6138:1498–1545
6073:1624–1648
6023:1621–1622
5980:1588–1648
5970:1550–1551
5929:1521–1602
5899:1515–1650
5879:1515–1648
5866:1515–1622
5856:1507–1643
5843:1506–1615
5753:1885–1974
5743:1879–1974
5722:1753–1975
5715:(Mombasa)
5713:Mombassa
5709:1728–1729
5686:1687–1974
5676:1680–1961
5666:1645–1888
5646:(Mombasa)
5644:Mombassa
5640:1593–1698
5628:1588–1974
5618:1575–1975
5608:1557–1578
5598:1508–1547
5588:1506–1511
5575:1505–1512
5565:1503–1698
5555:1502–1659
5545:1501–1975
5535:1500–1630
5512:1498–1540
5502:1482–1642
5489:1482–1637
5476:1478–1778
5466:1474–1778
5454:1471–1975
5442:1470–1975
5432:1462–1975
5422:1455–1633
5355:1577–1589
5342:1515–1541
5329:1513–1541
5316:1506–1769
5303:1506–1525
5290:1506–1525
5277:1505–1541
5241:1488–1541
5218:1485–1550
5208:1471–1662
5195:1471–1550
5182:1458–1550
5172:1415–1640
5091:Mauritius
4950: (
4360:Louisiana
4241:Cameroons
3882:Mauritius
3460:Mauritius
3161:, (1996)
3122:19 August
3022:15 August
2516:416495775
2220:Halophila
2208:Montipora
1833:mongooses
1810:, c. 1602
1798:Mauritius
1762:tortoises
1736:polyphyly
1732:dioecious
1691:Eriolaena
1685:Trochetia
1662:Nesocodon
1630:Hyophorbe
1605:Erythrina
1585:Trochetia
1558:monotypic
1507:Rubiaceae
1503:Myrtaceae
1341:Ericaceae
1299:epiphytes
1217:Asplenium
1205:Angraecum
1190:Rubiaceae
1173:Chassalia
1167:Gaertnera
1162:Myrtaceae
1097:evergreen
1060:Malvaceae
1020:Malvaceae
995:cuspidata
966:Ebenaceae
961:Diospyros
946:Semi-dry
893:ecoregion
789:July 2014
760:does not
741:Rodrigues
697:Mauritius
681:Séchelles
673:Mauritius
602:Limestone
401:Mauritius
323:Rodrigues
315:Mauritius
305:Geography
299:ecoregion
188:English:
175:2,195,087
150:Mauritius
136:Rodrigues
128:Mauritius
74:Geography
18:Mascarene
7121:Maranhão
7098:Barbados
6943:Labrador
6720:Nagasaki
6690:Makassar
6553:Mylapore
6530:Maldives
6507:Maldives
6376:(Mumbai)
6318:Mylapore
6188:(Kannur)
5938:Muharraq
5798:Part of
5791:Part of
5781:Or 1600.
5774:Part of
5569:Zanzibar
5459:Príncipe
5447:São Tomé
5361:(Asilah)
5348:(Mehdya)
5320:Mazagan
5294:Mogador
5283:(Agadir)
5258:Graciosa
5222:Mazagan
5201:(Asilah)
4846:Overseas
4806:Overseas
4664:Damascus
4613:Vietnam
4604:Cambodia
4581:Karaikal
4398:Dominica
4193:Togoland
3982:Zimbabwe
3957:Tanzania
3807:Ethiopia
3802:Eswatini
3782:Djibouti
3747:Cameroon
3732:Botswana
3651: /
3647: /
3640:(France)
3634: /
3612: /
3608: /
3560:Zimbabwe
3535:Tanzania
3385:Ethiopia
3380:Eswatini
3360:Djibouti
3325:Cameroon
3310:Botswana
3167:New York
3140:Archived
3116:Archived
3045:Archived
3016:Archived
3012:bats.org
2986:(1907).
2963:Archived
2938:Archived
2910:Archived
2840:83958986
2685:Archived
2609:19 March
2603:Archived
2453:Archived
2428:Archived
2410:45066025
2316:See also
2229:Labridae
2196:Acropora
2084:Phelsuma
2060:Reptiles
1902:and the
1865:red rail
1700:than to
1654:Berenice
1615:Foetidia
1535:Rutaceae
1481:Fabaceae
1407:Hubertia
1295:Rutaceae
1290:Melicope
1243:fraxinea
1241:Marattia
1179:Bertiera
1139:Syzygium
1103:Mimusops
1070:Rutaceae
1055:Hibiscus
1045:Mimusops
1000:Oleaceae
981:Foetidia
940:Pandanus
915:wetlands
889:endemism
524:volcanic
351:tropical
250:east of
79:Location
7210:(Amapá)
6891:Madeira
6777:Coloane
6654:Ternate
6397:Baçaím
6387:Ponnani
6374:Bombay
6266:Calicut
6175:(Kochi)
6173:Cochim
6083:1624?–?
6047:Libedia
6013:1621?–?
5933:Bahrain
5909:1515?–?
5883:Quriyat
5872:(Ormus)
5870:Hormuz
5592:Socotra
5581:(Kilwa)
5579:Quíloa
5539:Malindi
5493:Elmina
5482:(Bioko)
5470:Annobón
5359:Arzila
5333:Azamor
5235:Ouadane
5212:Tangier
5199:Arzila
5079:Comoros
4836:Réunion
4831:Mayotte
4749:Present
4707:Vanuatu
4695:Oceania
4467:Berbice
4403:Grenada
4259:Anjouan
4251:Comoros
4203:Albreda
4176:Senegal
4144:Dahomey
4121:Tunisia
4116:Morocco
4111:Algeria
3967:Tunisia
3937:Somalia
3922:Senegal
3907:Nigeria
3897:Namibia
3887:Morocco
3852:Liberia
3847:Lesotho
3797:Eritrea
3767:Comoros
3742:Burundi
3717:Algeria
3636:Réunion
3632:Mayotte
3623:Madeira
3618:(Spain)
3614:Melilla
3545:Tunisia
3515:Somalia
3500:Senegal
3485:Nigeria
3475:Namibia
3465:Morocco
3430:Liberia
3425:Lesotho
3375:Eritrea
3345:Comoros
3320:Burundi
3295:Algeria
3153:Sources
2521:11 June
2239:), and
2202:Porites
2091:Mammals
2076:geckoes
2032:), and
2000:). The
1992:), and
1896:species
1845:extinct
1829:monkeys
1724:Dombeya
1719:Astiria
1708:Dombeya
1703:Dombeya
1672:Astiria
1624:Latania
1579:Monimia
1519:Poaceae
1496:African
1413:Psiadia
1360:, with
1308:Cyathea
1280:Psiadia
1266:Monimia
1260:Dombeya
1194:bamboos
1145:Eugenia
1082:), and
1032:), and
1015:Dombeya
993:subsp.
951:forests
943:spp.).
928:Latania
836:Climate
823:Réunion
781:removed
766:sources
616:History
610:ice age
508:Geology
387:, is a
343:edaphic
327:terrain
319:Réunion
246:in the
244:islands
132:Réunion
99:57°45′E
96:20°12′S
7231:
7088:Brazil
7085:
7075:Brazil
7072:
7059:
7046:
7036:Brazil
7033:
7020:
7010:Brazil
6962:
6905:Azores
6830:
6680:Tidore
6677:
6664:
6651:
6641:Maluku
6583:
6468:
6306:
6258:
6207:Quilon
6199:
6094:
6063:1624–?
6053:1624–?
6043:1623–?
6037:Khasab
6033:1623–?
6017:As Sib
6003:1620–?
5984:Matrah
5942:Manama
5903:Muscat
5893:Qalhat
5889:1515–?
5847:Gamru
5764:
5691:Bissau
5633:Cacheu
5426:Arguim
5369:
5247:(Safi)
5245:Safim
4659:Aleppo
4627:Tonkin
4586:Yanaon
4566:Madras
4444:Tobago
4365:Canada
4355:Acadia
4269:Mohéli
4154:Guinea
4056:Former
3977:Zambia
3972:Uganda
3912:Rwanda
3867:Malawi
3827:Guinea
3722:Angola
3655:
3638:
3625:
3555:Zambia
3550:Uganda
3490:Rwanda
3445:Malawi
3405:Guinea
3300:Angola
3224:Modena
3181:Tucson
3096:1 June
3071:1 June
3008:"Prof"
2838:
2801:
2633:Hermès
2595:
2546:21 May
2514:
2408:
2214:Pavona
2184:Marine
2168:, and
2148:gobies
2048:) and
1928:) and
1908:Leguat
1888:Ocotea
1884:Ocotea
1871:, and
1851:, the
1849:pigeon
1831:, and
1803:Ocotea
1764:, and
1747:tree (
1734:. The
1713:Ruizia
1706:. All
1669:, and
1666:Ruizia
1645:, and
1618:. The
1612:, and
1601:Ocotea
1594:) and
1560:genus
1556:, the
1541:, and
1513:, and
1461:, and
1378:, and
1331:Hawaii
1287:) and
1238:, and
1185:Coffea
1182:, and
1154:, and
917:, and
419:. The
385:shoals
335:atolls
321:, and
228:French
160:France
7049:Bahia
6787:Taipa
6710:Macau
6667:Ambon
6480:Hugli
6423:Surat
6354:Chalé
6344:Chaul
6294:Chaul
6067:Madha
6057:Kalba
6027:Qeshm
5974:Qatif
5954:Qatif
5913:Barka
5860:Sohar
5612:Accra
5307:Aguz
5176:Ceuta
4622:Annam
4477:Inini
4418:Haïti
4226:Gabon
4171:Niger
4149:Sudan
3952:Sudan
3902:Niger
3857:Libya
3842:Kenya
3822:Ghana
3812:Gabon
3787:Egypt
3727:Benin
3610:Ceuta
3530:Sudan
3480:Niger
3435:Libya
3420:Kenya
3400:Ghana
3390:Gabon
3365:Egypt
3305:Benin
2993:(PDF)
2855:Taxon
2836:S2CID
2656:(PDF)
2629:(PDF)
2406:JSTOR
2080:genus
1839:Birds
1784:Fauna
1488:flora
1196:like
1106:and
956:ebony
857:Flora
813:Arabs
671:(now
331:reefs
291:India
234:) or
7217:1822
6899:1432
6885:1420
6260:1750
5254:1489
4996:and
4609:Laos
4571:Mahé
4221:Chad
3962:Togo
3872:Mali
3762:Chad
3540:Togo
3450:Mali
3340:Chad
3124:2021
3098:2024
3073:2024
3024:2017
2799:ISBN
2611:2023
2593:ISBN
2548:2024
2523:2011
2512:OCLC
2461:2022
2211:and
2097:bats
1853:dodo
1825:cats
1821:rats
1817:pigs
1794:dodo
1792:The
1753:dodo
1716:and
1694:and
1582:and
1494:and
1410:and
1392:and
1269:and
1248:The
931:and
764:any
762:cite
595:and
571:The
546:and
530:(35
349:and
341:and
309:The
293:and
181:The
6248:Goa
3237:1:1
2863:doi
2828:doi
2824:176
2645:hdl
2637:doi
2398:doi
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