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31:
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956:. Carpenter's first-hand accounts of the corrupt Republican state administration gave the Democrats some reason for hope, but ultimately the partisan make-up of the special electoral commission (7 Republicans, 6 Democrats) and its refusal to look behind the certified counts made many of their rulings a forgone conclusive win for Hayes.
941:, which was supported by the MNA, then numerically one of the largest American trade unions. First over fifty of the striking workers were tried upon a charge of criminal conspiracy and thirty-six of them were convicted with some sentenced to jail, although they appeared to have been guilty of no more than peaceful picketing. Then
790:
known as one of the staunchest supporters of the Grant administration. In the Senate he presented an unabashed defense of political patronage, mocking the idea of civil service reform. Carpenter would garner a reputation for his oratory skills as a member of the Senate, including with a return to Beloit in 1869. At
929:
that he had accepted money in exchange for the appointment of a post trader. Despite
Belknap's immediate resignation outraged House Democrats proceeded with his impeachment. Carpenter portrayed Belknap as the hapless victim of a social-climbing wife, but his legal victory relied on his assertion that
565:
By the time
Carpenter moved to Milwaukee he had become adept in the area of railroad litigation and sued many railroads on behalf of investors left holding bonds made worthless by fraudulent manipulation. His debut before the U.S. Supreme Court resulted in his winning a judgment against the La Crosse
789:
Once in the Senate, Carpenter moderated his views to the degree that he became one of the spokesmen of the emerging
Stalwart Republicans. He opposed any "fundamental conditions" placed on states wishing to be readmitted to the Union, and favored blanket amnesty for former Confederates. Carpenter was
578:
Carpenter supported
Democrat Stephen Douglas in the 1860 presidential election, viewing Republican Abraham Lincoln as an honest but incompetent sectional candidate. Yet, he warned those in his party that he saw secession as treason, and he would be "the first man to raise a musket" in defense of the
852:
responded by not only criticizing
Carpenter's methods, but by also condemning his moral character by bringing his private life into question. Later in his term editors accused Carpenter of trying to effectively "gag" newspapers by advancing a bill that would allow judicial process to be served upon
704:
and deprived of property under the due process clause. Making a plea for states' rights, Carpenter contended that the amendment had been intended solely to elevate
African Americans and had no bearing on economic statutes passed by a state. He also warned of too many powers being centralized in the
462:
His practice was interrupted by a painful inflammation of his eyes which rendered him blind. After traveling to New York to seek treatment, his sight gradually recovered after a year as he convalesced in the
Waterbury home of his mentor Dillingham. Before returning to Wisconsin he became engaged to
1012:
In 1855 Carpenter married
Caroline Dillingham, the daughter of Paul Dillingham. They were the parents of four children. Daughters Ada and Annie were born and died in 1860. The other two lived to adulthood—a daughter named Lilian (1857–1942) and a son named Paul Dillingham Carpenter (1867–1932).
505:
had previously outlawed the pre-emption of non-agricultural land). Carpenter put forth the theory that the original pre-emptor was still technically the owner of the property. After several complicated transactions, some of which included Paul
Dillingham selling new titles to the landowners, and
486:
notions of opposing slavery based on "higher law"—the idea that individual belief of right and wrong permitted an individual to violate objectionable statutes and ordinances. After appearing to lose a close election for another term as Rock County district attorney in 1854, Carpenter successfully
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He returned to live in
Dillingham's home and managed his law office while Dillingham was then a congressman in Washington, D.C. Upon Carpenter's admission to the Vermont bar in November 1847 Dillingham offered to make him his law partner, but Carpenter declined so he could further his law studies
809:
over many issues. He delivered a sarcastic denunciation of Sumner's wide-reaching civil rights amendment to the Confederate amnesty bill. As the chair of an investigating committee he also debunked Sumner and Schurz's claim that the War Department had broken its neutrality when it sold outmoded
588:
were acts of self-preservation during wartime and thereby permitted. He also became an early advocate for emancipation, but only as a war measure rather than an act of humanity. Excluded from meetings of the Democratic leadership, Carpenter joined other like-minded party members of the "Loyal
558:, another highly regarded attorney and a force in the state Democratic Party. Despite their excellent credentials, they proved to be temperamentally incompatible, and ended their partnership the next year. Among the prospective attorneys who studied law under Carpenter in Milwaukee was
530:
by a board of canvassers friendly to Barstow. Discrepancies were discovered in the election returns and political tensions rose as both parties claimed the office and swore in their candidates. Hired by Barstow, Carpenter stalled by repeatedly postponing the case before the
729:
because she was a woman. Representing Bradwell, Carpenter argued that no class of people could be excluded from practicing the legal profession. The federal court disagreed, questioning the propriety of ruling on a state's qualifications for admission to the bar.
674:
in Congress feared that the reconstruction acts would be ruled unconstitutional, so they quickly pushed through a law repealing the Habeas Corpus Act of 1867, barring jurisdiction in pending cases and preventing a clear decision from being rendered by the court.
543:, which had ruled Barstow the winner. Nevertheless, the court did claim jurisdiction and the ability to examine election tallies (as Carpenter had previously argued for his own election for district attorney). Barstow then resigned, elevating Lieutenant Governor
753:'s policies, he made speeches supporting the Radical congress. He called for the enfranchisement of African-American men and invited members of the Loyal Democracy to join the Republicans, as he himself did in the summer of 1867 with his support for Governor
845:
As Carpenter's influence grew within the Grant administration, so did the condemnations from the press. One of his Senate investigations resulted in two journalists being jailed for not divulging the source of a leaked treaty. Opposition newspapers like the
417:
After an explosive argument with a schoolmaster, the 13-year-old Carpenter was expelled from school. He was dissatisfied with the limits of Moretown, and left home to live and study law under the tutelage of family friend (and future Vermont governor)
458:
on the endorsement of that spot by the New England Emigrating Society's Dr. Horace C. White. Arriving in June 1848, Carpenter quickly established a reputation as a successful and affordable attorney, attracting much acclaim from the local community.
987:
in 1863, arguing that the power of pardon resides solely with the president. Carpenter remained a loyal supporter of President Grant in his quest for a third term, igniting bitter debates between Carpenter and White House aspirant Senator
1378:
764:, a "Johnsonized" Republican who had fallen out of favor with his party. With his victory he solidified his status with the "Madison Regency," a Republican group that included former governor and Johnson's Postmaster General
612:
dealt with the disbarment from federal courts of Southern lawyers who refused to take an oath swearing they had not taken up arms or assisted the Confederacy. Carpenter argued that the act passed on January 24, 1865, was
889:
Despite the incessant criticism, Carpenter was seen as being easily re-elected in 1875. Nevertheless, a surprise bolt by disgruntled Republicans combined with votes by calculating Democrats resulted in the election of
837:. Years later Carpenter's impartiality was called into question when personal letters revealed a close relationship between the two, including a "desperately short" Carpenter asking Kellogg for a $ 1,000 loan.
868:
he denounced the railroads, insisting they were public highways paid for with government land grants. He also stated his belief that the government has a right as well as a duty to regulate corporations.
592:
Personal letters he had written saying Lincoln was "idiotic" found their way into newspapers, but Carpenter supported him for re-election in 1864 by making numerous pro-Union and pro-Lincoln speeches.
833:
to investigate election claims in order to determine the rightful governor of the contested state. His report was highly critical of both factions, but he urged the recognition of Republican governor
818:. Despite such skirmishes Carpenter was a respected figure in the senate, being elected president pro tempore by his colleagues in 1871. He also served as chairman of the Committee on Enrolled Bills (
404:. Cephas Carpenter served in local office including justice of the peace, and though not a member of the bar, possessed wisdom and eloquence that led to a career as an advocate in the local courts.
1022:
910:
scandal that funneled federal liquor tax revenues to some states' Republican parties. Although he was close to key participants in the Milwaukee ring, no evidence emerged to prove his involvement.
945:, the president of the MNA, and Xingo Parks, one of the union's best organizers, were tried on the same charge. Siney was acquitted, but Parks convicted, although pardoned shortly thereafter.
856:
In 1873 Carpenter angered many in his own party by taking positions that ran counter to the stalwart doctrine. In a spirit of reform he boldly owned up to administration excesses such as the
1004:. After a cycle of relapses and recoveries he died on February 24, 1881, at his Washington, D.C., home surrounded by friends and family. He was buried at Forest Home Cemetery in Milwaukee.
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934:
882:, who had been instrumental in getting Carpenter elected senator. Thomson was now deemed too critical of the party machine. His ousting made him a lifelong enemy of Carpenter. The
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1846:
937:(MNA) in an important labor case that sought to apply the legal concept of conspiracy to union picketing and organization efforts. The case grew out of a coal miners' strike in
454:
After reading that the territory of Wisconsin had passed its constitution and was soon to become a state, Carpenter chose to migrate west and begin his career as a lawyer in
446:. Choate was also impressed with Carpenter, and after a few months he too offered him a partnership, but Carpenter sought to make a name and career for himself in the West.
554:, leading to him locating his practice there in 1858. He was also coaxed there by Democratic party boss Josiah Noonan, who arranged a law partnership between Carpenter and
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to the governorship. After the court ruled that Bashford was the rightful governor, MacArthur gave up the office. Barstow subsequently refused to pay Carpenter his fee.
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2072:
641:, was charged with defying military authority by inciting rebellion, libeling federal officials, and intimidating voters. After the circuit court denied him a writ of
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His son Ira Carpenter (1798–1862) was chiefly a farmer, but he also gained prominence through positions such as justice of the peace, postmaster and state legislator.
1379:"Speech of Matthew H. Carpenter, at the Dedication of Memorial Hall, Beloit College, July 1869. The Mission and the Future of the Foreign Policy of the United States"
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Carpenter was the key attorney in a series of landmark cases before the U.S. Supreme Court which helped define states' rights by determining the legality of the
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701:
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These cases brought Carpenter handsome fees, national acclaim, and much derision from the losing factions. He'd also won the support of Stanton and President
579:
Constitution. Following the Confederates' attack on Fort Sumter in 1861, Carpenter did not enlist but became a rousing speaker in support of the Union cause.
1701:
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Carpenter represented the Crescent City Livestock Landing and Slaughterhouse Company, which had been granted a monopoly on all slaughterhouse business in
1839:
3219:
2081:
1772:
968:. With the help of a strong lobby, he won over enough votes in the legislature to prevail over state party boss (and former friend) Elisha W. Keyes.
42:
659:," Carpenter said the Southern states had surrendered their constitutional protections when they had seceded, essentially reverting to territories.
550:
Despite his defeat Carpenter had demonstrated his legal prowess to the state. A high volume of his cases required his presence in federal court in
623:(it punished without a trial). In December 1865 the court upheld his argument with the majority opinion employing phrases from Carpenter's brief.
470:, the noted English jurist of the 17th century. Despite an earlier warning from Choate to steer clear of politics, Carpenter successfully ran for
786:
by President Grant, Keyes became party chairman and closely coordinated with Carpenter to distribute federal patronage jobs to political allies.
400:. His grandfather Cephas Carpenter (1770–1860) helped establish Moretown, owned a store, served as a colonel in the militia and took part in the
364:'s administration despite allegations of corruption lost him the backing of reformers, and his legal arguments in favor of Democratic candidate
3412:
2065:
1832:
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in 1869. Butchers and cattle dealers thrown out of work by the law obtained an injunction from a district court, claiming they had been denied
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In 1855 Carpenter discovered that many Beloit residents did not hold legal title to their land because it was sold to them by someone who had
1855:
1799:
1738:
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argued that courts could look beyond election board certifications and re-examine voter returns, resulting in the election being overturned.
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426:. For four years Carpenter attended the local grade school while absorbing Dillingham's law library. Having received an appointment to the
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2276:
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975:'s maintenance of federal troops at southern polling places. He also vigorously opposed the Democrats' proposed pardoning of General
582:
While he saw that many federal actions would be unconstitutional in peacetime, he reasoned that arbitrary arrests and suspensions of
1152:
1000:
While Carpenter's evident declining health was attributed to his indulgent lifestyle, he also suffered from the lung congestion of
798:
765:
964:
Despite ongoing press criticism and declining health, in 1878 Carpenter launched a bid for the senate seat occupied by Republican
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Grandson Merritt displayed intelligence and oratorical talents at an early age, impressing people with his abilities to recite
878:
into a more reliable organ for the state Republican party, Carpenter and other backers bought the paper and forced out editor
540:
514:
and other prominent attorneys, Carpenter's legal theory was rejected in a similar case, so the Wisconsin case was withdrawn.
857:
2206:
971:
Carpenter's second term as senator lacked the political drama of his Reconstruction years. He spoke in favor of President
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1974:
1884:
1816:
1808:
1755:
891:
122:
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2426:
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648:
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In 1850 Carpenter returned to resume his law practice in Beloit using a new name, Matthew (Matt) Hale Carpenter, after
651:. Carpenter argued that the court lacked jurisdiction over a president's official acts, as in a similar case of his,
1503:
948:
Following the disputed presidential election of 1876, Carpenter was hired by supporters of the Democratic candidate
353:
349:
333:, he made some of the most important legal arguments of 19th-century America. Carpenter presented cases before the
238:
226:
434:, Carpenter continued his studies, but he disliked military life and resigned in August 1845, citing poor health.
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938:
1939:
3397:
3367:
427:
298:
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502:
369:
325:; December 22, 1824 – February 24, 1881) was an American attorney and U.S. Senator representing the state of
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980:
705:
federal government. The court concurred in Carpenter's narrowing of the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment.
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and Milwaukee Railroad Company. He was also successful as part of a team of lawyers defending abolitionist
423:
360:, and helped perpetuate the party's political machinery in Wisconsin. His sustained support for President
823:
819:
507:
3407:
1586:
A Memorial Sketch of Paul Dillingham: Officers and Members: Report of Proceedings of the Annual Meeting
483:
329:. He served in the Senate from 1869 to 1875 and again from 1879 to 1881. Recognized as an authority on
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1909:
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district attorney, serving from 1850 to 1852 and 1854 to 1856. He was a Democrat in the tradition of
357:
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Wisconsin's gubernatorial election of 1855 was thrown into doubt when incumbent Democratic governor
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1696:
750:
1680:
1672:
774:
532:
2506:
746:
726:
471:
1681:
Memorial Addresses on the Life and Character of Matthew H. Carpenter, A Senator from Wisconsin
1634:
1187:
794:, he gave a foreign policy speech that has been deemed particularly historically significant.
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2596:
2376:
1904:
1584:
1063:
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Paul D. Carpenter was an attorney in Milwaukee and also served as judge of the county court.
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895:
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714:, Carpenter sought to broaden the amendment's protections in the case of the editor of the
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With high-profile backing Carpenter ran successfully for the senate seat occupied by
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30:
1528:
Witte, Edwin E., Early American Labor Cases, 35 Yale Law Journal 7, 1926, pp. 830-31
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1589:. Vol. 3. Montpelier, VT: Argus and Patriot Book and Job Printing. p. 77.
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and exhort at religious revivals. He also displayed an aversion to physical work.
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range. His pioneering forebears were English, and came to America soon after the
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1192:. Vol. II. New York, NY: New York History Company. p. 313 – via
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hugged him, declaring "Carpenter, you have saved us!" Even McCardle's attorney
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concerned the legal authority of the occupying Union Army. Confederate Colonel
527:
479:
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1709:
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Democracy" in considering a third party in Wisconsin, but nothing came of it.
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A Biographical History, with Portraits, of Prominent Men of the Great West
822:) and the committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expense (42nd and
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Year Book of the Wisconsin Society of the Sons of the American Revolution
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to examine Louisiana's vote counts and argue for victory over Republican
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lauded him as "the first Constitutional lawyer in the country." However,
482:, but he disdained the party's pro-slavery platform while also rejecting
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1189:
History of the Bench and Bar of New York: The Bar of New York, 1792-1892
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1924:
1023:
List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899)
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1157:. Vol. 1. Chicago, IL: C. F. Cooper & Co. pp. 157–158.
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Dillingham's daughter Catherine, and they married five years later.
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the agents (i.e. interviewers) of persons involved in civil suits.
397:
501:
the land but had not received official title from the government (
737:, who both urged him to run as a Republican for the U.S. Senate.
715:
1506:
Perley's Reminiscences of Sixty Years in the National Metropolis
933:
Also in 1875 Carpenter was defense counsel for officials of the
1633:. Chicago, IL: Western Biographical and Engraving Co. pp.
811:
749:
into a Republican was complete. Despite reports that he backed
443:
411:
372:
outraged many Republicans. A gifted orator, he was dubbed "the
1068:. Milwaukee, Wis.: Swain & Tate Company. 1896. p. 49.
662:
After he concluded his eloquent arguments, Secretary of War
510:, which included participation by Dillingham, Rufus Choate,
745:
Following the Civil War Carpenter's transformation from a
1854:
1694:
1684:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1882.
829:
As part of another committee inquiry, Carpenter went to
1657:. Madison, Wis.: State Historical Society of Wisconsin.
778:
editor and Republican state central committee chairman
3373:
Republican Party United States senators from Wisconsin
1047:. Madison, WI: W. J. Park, State Printer. p. 487.
930:
jurisdiction over Belknap ended with his resignation.
573:
860:
and the "Salary Grab," defending them in a speech in
1702:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
840:
517:
901:
595:
3378:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate
2082:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate
886:soon was seen as Carpenter's personal mouthpiece.
725:, who had been denied admission to the bar of the
1773:President pro tempore of the United States Senate
43:President pro tempore of the United States Senate
3334:
1676:. Madison, Wis.: David Atwood & Co., 1883.
921:, was also defending Grant's Secretary of War
526:was ruled the 157-vote victor over Republican
3423:People of Wisconsin in the American Civil War
2066:
1840:
1654:Matthew Hale Carpenter: Webster of the West
379:
3316:
2073:
2059:
1847:
1833:
100:March 4, 1879 – February 24, 1881
29:
1804:March 4, 1879 – February 24, 1881
782:. After Rublee was appointed minister to
55:March 12, 1873 – January 4, 1875
1650:
1626:
906:In 1875 Carpenter was implicated in the
959:
913:During this time Carpenter, along with
3335:
539:because elections were matters of the
135:March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1875
3413:United States Military Academy alumni
2054:
1856:United States senators from Wisconsin
1828:
1800:U.S. senator (Class 3) from Wisconsin
1743:March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1875
1739:U.S. senator (Class 1) from Wisconsin
1497:
1154:Rock County, Wisconsin: A New History
1150:
740:
490:
449:
3305:
1697:"Matthew H. Carpenter (id: C000171)"
1582:
1058:
1056:
1054:
655:. Rather than claiming the Union's "
1040:
574:Loyal Democrat during the Civil War
13:
3388:Politicians from Beloit, Wisconsin
3358:American people of English descent
1662:
1185:
649:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
3439:
3383:19th-century American politicians
1777:March 12, 1873 – January 4, 1875
1688:
1051:
841:Drawing fire from press and party
518:Barstow-Bashford election dispute
323:Decatur Merritt Hammond Carpenter
3315:
3304:
3294:
3293:
3218:
1938:
902:Out of office and under scrutiny
619:(the war had since ended) and a
596:Defining the Reconstruction Acts
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939:Clearfield County, Pennsylvania
535:. He claimed that they held no
260:
16:American politician (1824–1881)
1673:Life of Matthew Hale Carpenter
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1108:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1034:
428:United States Military Academy
299:United States Military Academy
1:
3428:19th-century American lawyers
3353:People from Moretown, Vermont
1644:
1151:Brown, William Fiske (1908).
370:presidential election of 1876
250:Caroline Dillingham Carpenter
935:Miners’ National Association
430:through Vermont Congressman
7:
1651:Thompson, E. Bruce (1954).
1186:McAdam, David, ed. (1897).
1016:
647:, McCardle appealed to the
508:United States Supreme Court
10:
3444:
3393:Politicians from Milwaukee
1627:Campbell, John A. (1902).
1508:, Vol.2, pp.310-311 (1886)
337:involving such matters as
3418:American militia officers
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1695:United States Congress.
1028:
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751:President Andrew Johnson
380:Background and education
1583:Huse, Hiram A. (1892).
775:Wisconsin State Journal
570:from a charge of rape.
1573:Thompson, pp. 275-280.
1564:Thompson, pp. 268-270.
1467:Thompson, pp. 221-222.
1458:Thompson, pp. 193-198.
1449:Thompson, pp. 215-216.
1440:Thompson, pp. 200-202.
1431:Thompson, pp. 149-154.
1422:Thompson, pp. 222-223.
1413:Thompson, pp. 178-191.
1404:Thompson, pp. 166-171.
1395:Thompson, pp. 160-164.
1368:Thompson, pp. 156-160.
1359:Thompson, pp. 148-149.
1350:Thompson, pp. 133-138.
1332:Thompson, pp. 105-117.
1314:Thompson, pp. 102-103.
1305:Thompson, pp. 100-102.
727:Illinois Supreme Court
506:appeals as far as the
384:Carpenter was born in
319:Matthew Hale Carpenter
23:Matthew Hale Carpenter
3398:Massachusetts lawyers
3368:Wisconsin Republicans
3252:Democratic-Republican
1555:Thompson, pp. 264-266
1546:Thompson, pp. 254-264
1537:Thompson, pp. 247-253
1519:Thompson, pp. 243-246
1494:Thompson, pp. 233-242
1485:Thompson, pp. 218-230
1476:Thompson, pp. 205-207
979:for ignoring General
768:, Madison postmaster
747:Jeffersonian Democrat
711:Bradwell vs. Illinois
692:state legislature of
681:Slaughter-house cases
280:William P. Dillingham
83:United States Senator
1710:Matthew H. Carpenter
1504:Poore, Ben. Perley,
1296:Thompson, pp. 98-99.
1287:Thompson, pp. 91-98.
1278:Thompson, pp. 89-90.
1269:Thompson, pp. 79-82.
1260:Thompson, pp. 72-78.
1242:Thompson, pp. 64-65.
1224:Thompson, pp. 62-63.
1215:Thompson, pp. 61-62.
1206:Thompson, pp. 54-61.
1176:Thompson, pp. 46-52.
1167:Thompson, pp. 40-45.
1141:Thompson, pp. 37-39.
1123:Thompson, pp. 31-33.
1114:Thompson, pp. 33-34.
1105:Thompson, pp. 21-29.
1096:Thompson, pp. 15-21.
1087:Thompson, pp. 11-15.
960:Return to the senate
880:Alexander M. Thomson
872:Wishing to make the
797:He also feuded with
702:Fourteenth Amendment
635:, the editor of the
604:passed by Congress.
352:, he evolved into a
216:Milwaukee, Wisconsin
212:Forest Home Cemetery
3363:Wisconsin Democrats
3264:National Republican
3240:Anti-Administration
1044:Wisconsin Blue Book
1041:Heg, J. E. (1881).
973:Rutherford B. Hayes
954:Rutherford B. Hayes
816:Franco-Prussian War
672:Radical Republicans
633:William H. McCardle
602:Reconstruction acts
533:state supreme court
335:U. S. Supreme Court
3234:Pro-Administration
1806:Served alongside:
1745:Served alongside:
1732:James R. Doolittle
923:William W. Belknap
875:Milwaukee Sentinel
835:William P. Kellogg
799:Liberal Republican
762:James R. Doolittle
741:Republican senator
560:Lyman W. Redington
524:William A. Barstow
492:Gardner v. Tisdale
450:Wisconsin attorney
341:and regulation of
331:constitutional law
146:James R. Doolittle
3408:Wisconsin lawyers
3330:
3329:
2048:
2047:
1823:
1822:
1814:Succeeded by
1780:Succeeded by
1753:Succeeded by
1341:Thompson, p. 112.
915:Jeremiah S. Black
864:. In a speech at
766:Alexander Randall
668:Jeremiah S. Black
657:right of conquest
653:Georgia vs. Grant
628:Ex parte McCardle
621:bill of attainder
386:Moretown, Vermont
316:
315:
194:February 24, 1881
184:Moretown, Vermont
181:December 22, 1824
3435:
3319:
3318:
3308:
3307:
3297:
3296:
3287:
3281:
3275:
3269:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
3239:
3233:
3222:
3206:
3196:
3186:
3176:
3166:
3156:
3146:
3136:
3126:
3116:
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3096:
3086:
3076:
3066:
3056:
3046:
3036:
3026:
3016:
3006:
2996:
2986:
2976:
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2946:
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2916:
2906:
2896:
2886:
2876:
2866:
2856:
2848:
2840:
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2824:
2814:
2804:
2794:
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2774:
2764:
2754:
2744:
2734:
2724:
2714:
2704:
2694:
2684:
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2664:
2654:
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2614:
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2514:
2504:
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2414:
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2394:
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2374:
2364:
2354:
2344:
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2324:
2314:
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2294:
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2264:
2254:
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2234:
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2214:
2204:
2194:
2184:
2174:
2164:
2154:
2144:
2134:
2124:
2114:
2104:
2094:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2052:
2051:
1942:
1849:
1842:
1835:
1826:
1825:
1790:Preceded by
1783:Henry B. Anthony
1766:Henry B. Anthony
1763:Preceded by
1729:Preceded by
1719:
1718:
1706:
1669:Flower, Frank A.
1658:
1639:
1638:
1624:
1618:
1615:
1609:
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1600:
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1375:
1369:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1351:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1324:
1323:Thompson, p. 99.
1321:
1315:
1312:
1306:
1303:
1297:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1279:
1276:
1270:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1251:Thompson, p. 66.
1249:
1243:
1240:
1234:
1233:Thompson, p. 65.
1231:
1225:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1183:
1177:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1133:
1132:Thompson, p. 35.
1130:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1078:Thompson, p.3–10
1076:
1070:
1069:
1060:
1049:
1048:
1038:
1002:Bright's disease
977:Fitz-John Porter
950:Samuel J. Tilden
919:Montgomery Blair
849:New York Tribune
757:'s re-election.
755:Lucius Fairchild
735:Ulysses S. Grant
698:equal protection
609:Ex parte Garland
545:Arthur MacArthur
541:executive branch
476:Thomas Jefferson
468:Sir Matthew Hale
368:in the disputed
366:Samuel J. Tilden
362:Ulysses S. Grant
282:(brother in law)
264:
262:
201:Washington, D.C.
197:
180:
178:
166:Personal details
154:
142:
133:
119:
107:
98:
77:Henry B. Anthony
74:
66:Henry B. Anthony
62:
53:
33:
19:
18:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3403:Vermont lawyers
3333:
3332:
3331:
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3014:
3004:
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2292:
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2202:
2192:
2182:
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2152:
2142:
2132:
2122:
2112:
2102:
2092:
2084:
2079:
2049:
2044:
1943:
1934:
1910:La Follette Jr.
1905:La Follette Sr.
1858:
1853:
1819:
1805:
1803:
1795:
1793:Timothy O. Howe
1785:
1776:
1768:
1758:
1748:Timothy O. Howe
1744:
1742:
1734:
1691:
1665:
1663:Further reading
1647:
1642:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1599:Thompson, p.294
1598:
1594:
1581:
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1052:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1019:
1010:
998:
990:James G. Blaine
962:
904:
858:Credit Mobilier
843:
824:43rd Congresses
770:Elisha W. Keyes
743:
638:Vicksburg Times
598:
576:
520:
512:Abraham Lincoln
495:
452:
420:Paul Dillingham
382:
278:
277:(father in law)
275:Paul Dillingham
266:
263: 1855)
258:
254:
251:
234:
233:Other political
223:Political party
199:
195:
182:
176:
174:
152:
140:
134:
129:
117:
111:Timothy O. Howe
105:
99:
94:
85:
72:
60:
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49:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3441:
3431:
3430:
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3405:
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3395:
3390:
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3370:
3365:
3360:
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3328:
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3302:
3290:
3289:
3283:
3277:
3271:
3265:
3259:
3253:
3247:
3241:
3235:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3211:(2023–present)
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3182:
3172:
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3132:
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3032:
3022:
3012:
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2017:
2012:
2007:
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1716:
1707:
1690:
1689:External links
1687:
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1661:
1660:
1659:
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1385:. 25 May 2016.
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839:
803:Charles Sumner
792:Beloit College
742:
739:
597:
594:
575:
572:
556:Edward G. Ryan
528:Coles Bashford
519:
516:
494:
489:
480:Andrew Jackson
451:
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394:Green Mountain
392:Valley of the
381:
378:
376:of the West."
339:states' rights
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343:corporations
322:
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235:affiliations
196:(1881-02-24)
153:Succeeded by
130:
118:Succeeded by
95:
73:Succeeded by
50:
3348:1881 deaths
3343:1824 births
3288:Independent
3201:(2021–2023)
3191:(2019–2021)
3181:(2015–2019)
3171:(2012–2015)
3161:(2010–2012)
3151:(2007–2010)
3141:(2003–2007)
3131:(2001–2003)
3101:(1995–2001)
3091:(1989–1995)
3081:(1987–1989)
3071:(1981–1987)
3061:(1980–1981)
3041:(1979–1980)
3031:(1972–1978)
3021:(1971–1972)
3011:(1969–1971)
3001:(1957–1969)
2991:(1955–1957)
2981:(1953–1955)
2971:(1949–1953)
2961:(1947–1949)
2951:(1945–1947)
2941:(1941–1945)
2921:(1940–1941)
2911:(1933–1940)
2901:(1925–1933)
2891:(1919–1925)
2881:(1916–1919)
2871:(1913–1916)
2861:(1911–1913)
2819:(1896–1911)
2789:(1893–1895)
2779:(1891–1893)
2769:(1887–1891)
2759:(1885–1887)
2749:(1883–1885)
2739:(1881–1883)
2719:(1879–1880)
2709:(1875–1879)
2689:(1873–1875)
2679:(1869–1873)
2669:(1867–1869)
2659:(1865–1867)
2649:(1864–1865)
2639:(1861–1864)
2627:Fitzpatrick
2609:(1857–1860)
2607:Fitzpatrick
2579:(1856–1857)
2559:(1854–1856)
2539:(1852–1854)
2529:(1850–1852)
2519:(1846–1849)
2499:(1842–1845)
2489:(1841–1842)
2479:(1836–1841)
2449:(1832–1833)
2437:L. Tazewell
2429:(1828–1831)
2419:(1826–1827)
2409:(1820–1825)
2389:(1814–1819)
2379:(1813–1814)
2369:(1812–1813)
2319:(1808–1809)
2309:(1805–1808)
2279:(1803–1804)
2269:(1802–1803)
2259:(1801–1802)
2137:H. Tazewell
2119:(1792–1793)
1723:U.S. Senate
814:during the
807:Carl Schurz
784:Switzerland
686:New Orleans
472:Rock County
402:War of 1812
356:during the
141:Preceded by
106:Preceded by
61:Preceded by
3337:Categories
3282:Republican
3276:Democratic
3258:Jacksonian
3246:Federalist
2959:Vandenberg
2919:W. H. King
2527:W. R. King
2477:W. R. King
2457:Poindexter
1995:Stephenson
1645:References
992:of Maine.
943:John Siney
862:Janesville
810:rifles to
719:Legal News
700:under the
499:pre-empted
484:Whig Party
422:in nearby
354:Republican
305:Profession
239:Democratic
227:Republican
177:1824-12-22
2879:Saulsbury
2851:Brandegee
2843:Gallinger
2777:Manderson
2687:Carpenter
2247:Hillhouse
2217:Livermore
2147:Livermore
1970:Carpenter
1880:Carpenter
1875:Doolittle
981:John Pope
896:La Crosse
831:Louisiana
801:senators
694:Louisiana
690:carpetbag
552:Milwaukee
424:Waterbury
390:Mad River
388:, in the
358:Civil War
327:Wisconsin
295:Education
271:Relations
131:In office
96:In office
88:Wisconsin
51:In office
3300:Category
3189:Grassley
3119:Thurmond
3099:Thurmond
3069:Thurmond
3059:Magnuson
3039:Magnuson
3029:Eastland
3019:Ellender
2969:McKellar
2949:McKellar
2929:Harrison
2537:Atchison
2517:Atchison
2487:Southard
2407:Gaillard
2387:Gaillard
2367:Crawford
2347:Gaillard
2327:Milledge
2297:Anderson
2287:Franklin
2197:Laurance
2187:Sedgwick
2167:Bradford
2035:Feingold
1920:Proxmire
1915:McCarthy
1895:Mitchell
1617:Thompson
1608:Thompson
1383:Readings
1017:See also
985:Manassas
925:against
884:Sentinel
503:Congress
398:Pilgrims
350:Democrat
308:Attorney
287:Children
3311:Commons
3139:Stevens
3079:Stennis
3009:Russell
2979:Bridges
2909:Pittman
2889:Cummins
2767:Ingalls
2757:Sherman
2747:Edmunds
2717:Thurman
2697:Anthony
2677:Anthony
2397:Barbour
2317:Bradley
2267:Bradley
2257:Baldwin
2157:Bingham
2117:Langdon
2097:Langdon
2040:Johnson
2005:Lenroot
2000:Husting
1990:Spooner
1980:Spooner
1975:Cameron
1948:Class 3
1930:Baldwin
1900:Quarles
1885:Cameron
1863:Class 1
927:charges
716:Chicago
688:by the
678:In the
374:Webster
265:
257:
253:
3320:
3309:
3298:
3209:Murray
3207:
3197:
3187:
3177:
3167:
3159:Inouye
3157:
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3121:(2001)
3117:
3111:(2001)
3107:
3097:
3087:
3077:
3067:
3057:
3051:(1980)
3047:
3037:
3027:
3017:
3007:
2999:Hayden
2997:
2989:George
2987:
2977:
2967:
2957:
2947:
2937:
2931:(1941)
2927:
2917:
2907:
2897:
2887:
2877:
2869:Clarke
2867:
2857:
2849:
2841:
2835:Curtis
2833:
2825:
2815:
2809:(1895)
2807:Harris
2805:
2799:(1895)
2797:Ransom
2795:
2787:Harris
2785:
2775:
2765:
2755:
2745:
2735:
2729:(1881)
2727:Bayard
2725:
2715:
2705:
2699:(1875)
2695:
2685:
2675:
2665:
2657:Foster
2655:
2645:
2635:
2629:(1860)
2625:
2619:(1860)
2617:Bright
2615:
2605:
2599:(1857)
2595:
2589:(1857)
2585:
2577:Bright
2575:
2569:(1856)
2567:Stuart
2565:
2557:Bright
2555:
2549:(1854)
2545:
2535:
2525:
2515:
2509:(1845)
2507:Sevier
2505:
2497:Mangum
2495:
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2469:(1835)
2465:
2459:(1834)
2455:
2445:
2439:(1832)
2435:
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2399:(1819)
2395:
2385:
2377:Varnum
2375:
2365:
2359:(1811)
2355:
2349:(1810)
2345:
2339:(1809)
2335:
2329:(1809)
2325:
2315:
2305:
2299:(1805)
2295:
2289:(1804)
2285:
2275:
2265:
2255:
2249:(1801)
2245:
2239:(1800)
2237:Howard
2235:
2229:(1800)
2225:
2219:(1799)
2215:
2209:(1799)
2205:
2199:(1798)
2195:
2189:(1798)
2185:
2179:(1797)
2175:
2169:(1979)
2165:
2159:(1797)
2155:
2149:(1796)
2145:
2139:(1795)
2135:
2129:(1794)
2125:
2115:
2109:(1792)
2105:
2099:(1789)
2095:
2030:Kasten
2025:Nelson
2010:Blaine
1960:Durkee
1955:Walker
1890:Sawyer
1008:Family
812:France
456:Beloit
444:Boston
438:under
412:Cicero
321:(born
245:Spouse
218:, U.S.
203:, U.S.
186:, U.S.
3199:Leahy
3179:Hatch
3169:Leahy
3049:Young
2939:Glass
2899:Moses
2859:Lodge
2827:Bacon
2737:Davis
2707:Ferry
2647:Clark
2587:Mason
2467:Tyler
2447:White
2427:Smith
2417:Macon
2337:Gregg
2307:Smith
2277:Brown
2227:Tracy
2127:Izard
2020:Wiley
2015:Duffy
1985:Vilas
1870:Dodge
1637:–222.
1029:Notes
996:Death
866:Ripon
259:(
255:
86:from
3322:List
3270:Whig
3149:Byrd
3129:Byrd
3109:Byrd
3089:Byrd
2817:Frye
2667:Wade
2637:Foot
2597:Rusk
2547:Cass
2357:Pope
2207:Ross
2177:Read
1965:Howe
1925:Kohl
917:and
894:, a
805:and
772:and
478:and
191:Died
171:Born
2107:Lee
1712:at
1635:221
826:).
708:In
442:of
3339::
2853:/
2845:/
2837:/
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1699:.
1381:.
1053:^
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562:.
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261:m.
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