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462:. These are often referred to as "Brompton stocks". In cool temperate regions they are generally sown in summer (June and July) to flower in the following spring. The extra trouble of overwintering the plants is compensated for by the showy spring floral display. In hard winters there may be some mortality and a well-drained sheltered site suits them best.
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scars and branches with terminal rosettes of leaves. The plants are starry, with whitish hairs. The leaves are rounded and ash-coloured. The fragrant flowers are white, cream yellow, pink, red, purple or blue. The scar flaps on the back are swollen. The pods are compressed, their flaps are flattened.
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to a pollen-lethal gene. Thus the pollen (male) contribution to seed is always a doubleness allele, while the female contribution is either a doubleness or a singleness allele. The result of this linkage is that doubles and singles are produced in 50:50 ratios and there are no pure-breeding singles.
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are around 11–14 mm, with narrow scarious margin, subtle, green or somewhat purple. Petals are 25–30 mm, with a nail almost as long as the limb, ranging between white, pink, violet or purple. Seeds are 2–3 mm, suborbicular, with a whitish wing. The flower is supported by a
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Selection over the centuries has greatly improved these ratios, resulting in the so-called "ever-sporting" stocks, in which pure-breeding singles are absent and the proportion of doubles is one half or greater. The reason was first worked out by the Danish geneticist
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Furthermore, many modern strains produce doubles in even higher proportions: 60% or even 80%. This is due to generations of selection for further linked viability effects, producing higher mortality of heterozygous singles, relative to homozygous doubles.
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Intermediate varieties (sometimes called "East
Lothian" stocks as they originated in southern Scotland) may be treated either as annuals or biennials. If treated as annuals they give a fine late summer and autumn display. Maltese stocks
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Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (ed.): Rothmaler - excursion flora of
Germany. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants . Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2008,
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as "ġiżi ta' Malta", is treated as a perennial and has fleshier and fuzzy leaves with flowers in a light violet colour, while an even rarer variety of it exhibits white flowers. 'Cinderella series' has gained the
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These varieties are sown in spring (generally from March onwards in colder areas of the
Northern Hemisphere, earlier in regions with mild winters). Other varieties take longer to develop and are treated as
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soils, and often grows on cliffs overlooking the sea, or on old walls. It is a plant of the coast, but it can be found, naturalized, even in the hinterland up to 600 m (2,000 ft) of altitude.
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single-flowered stocks should produce one quarter doubles in their offspring and one third of the singles should be pure breeding singles incapable of throwing doubles.
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Double-flowered stocks are prized by gardeners for their floral display but are sterile. They therefore have to be produced from the seed of single-flowered plants. The
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and aromatic plant. The species has been in cultivation since at least the 16th century. The flowers can be simple or double, medium or large.
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Jaakko Jalas, Juha
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is a common garden flower, available in a variety of colours, many of which are heavily
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usually refers to this species, though it may also be applied to the whole genus
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http://www.maltawildplants.com/CRUC/Matthiola_incana_subsp_melitensis.php
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Hickman, JC 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of
California 1-1400.
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691:. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136.
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and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
527:. In these varieties, the singleness allele is closely
829:. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 107
853:Zeitschrift für Züchtung, Reihe a Pflanzenzüchtung
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405:, and is naturalized in the western part of the
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38:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
53:and maintains a consistent citation style.
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95:Learn how and when to remove this message
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893:United States Department of Agriculture
884:Germplasm Resources Information Network
675:United States Department of Agriculture
666:Germplasm Resources Information Network
511:condition. Therefore, according to the
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689:RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants
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45:Please consider converting them to
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364:Leaves whole or slightly sinuate,
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368:, attenuated on a short
1582:Garden plants of Europe
869:Jepson Manual Treatment
297:. Common names include
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293:in the cabbage family
485:Award of Garden Merit
437:is widely used as an
430:Double-flowered stock
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385:10–20 mm stalk.
376:are 10–12 mm in
330:Matthiola longipetala
499:form is caused by a
413:. The plant prefers
407:Mediterranean region
1409:Cheiranthus incanus
794:Cinderella series"
515:laws of genetics,
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317:. The common name
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1268:Open Tree of Life
911:Taxon identifiers
750:978-3-8274-0918-8
715:Press , Berkeley.
343:and also used in
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439:ornamental plant
435:Matthiola incana
393:It is native to
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389:Distribution
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71:Citation bot
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1206:NatureServe
1141:iNaturalist
943:Wikispecies
833:18 February
827:www.rhs.org
804:26 February
798:www.rhs.org
601:In the wild
445:, and as a
441:for summer
397:, from the
351:Description
307:hoary stock
208:Brassicales
172:Angiosperms
1556:Categories
1291:Plant List
990:Calflora:
643:References
509:homozygous
472:melitensis
447:cut flower
415:calcareous
411:olive tree
403:Yugoslavia
366:lanceolate
51:verifiable
1567:Matthiola
1424:Q21872287
1084:200009612
1066:FloraBase
849:Matthiola
589:In garden
513:Mendelian
507:) in the
501:recessive
460:biennials
453:Varieties
399:Balearics
345:floristry
324:Matthiola
272:W.T.Aiton
236:Species:
229:Matthiola
142:Kingdom:
36:bare URLs
1521:Tropicos
1500:281006-1
1418:Wikidata
1379:VicFlora
1368:VASCAN:
1356:Tropicos
1211:2.154577
1172:11429287
1159:286910-1
1014:eFloraSA
980:BioLib:
928:Wikidata
491:Genetics
378:anthesis
374:Pedicels
214:Family:
185:Eudicots
40:link rot
1526:4102974
1474:5377384
1361:4100224
1348:2859-11
1193:MoBotPF
1120:5377378
540:Gallery
476:Maltese
443:bedding
370:petiole
357:annuals
341:scented
287:species
224:Genus:
204:Order:
146:Plantae
1487:317521
1461:163980
1448:193181
1435:128469
1432:APDB:
1304:PLANTS
1273:359068
1260:128999
1244:NZOR:
1198:278041
1107:MATINC
1104:FoIO:
1058:163527
1032:583786
973:105495
957:APDB:
934:Q30063
765:
748:
731:
695:
529:linked
505:allele
382:Sepals
361:foliar
313:, and
198:Rosids
60:reFill
1456:EUNIS
1343:SANBI
1335:48284
1309:MAIN4
1280:PFI:
1185:23249
1167:IRMNG
1146:77966
1133:23480
1092:FoAO2
1053:EUNIS
1045:MTLIN
1006:7374F
983:39054
960:77619
823:(PDF)
470:ssp.
422:Usage
319:stock
285:is a
192:Clade
179:Clade
166:Clade
153:Clade
34:uses
1508:POWO
1495:IPNI
1482:GRIN
1469:GBIF
1443:APNI
1371:4077
1317:POWO
1283:1372
1237:3724
1232:NCBI
1180:ITIS
1154:IPNI
1128:GRIN
1115:GBIF
1071:3049
1040:EPPO
993:5375
968:APNI
835:2020
806:2020
763:ISBN
746:ISBN
729:ISBN
693:ISBN
68:and
1534:WFO
1392:WFO
1330:RHS
1219:NBN
1079:FNA
1027:EoL
1001:CoL
483:'s
289:of
1558::
1536::
1523::
1510::
1497::
1484::
1471::
1458::
1445::
1420::
1394::
1381::
1358::
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1319::
1306::
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1234::
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1182::
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1143::
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1117::
1094::
1081::
1068::
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970::
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930::
891:,
887:.
881:.
851:.
825:.
796:.
673:,
669:.
663:.
487:.
372:.
347:.
333:.
309:,
305:,
301:,
270:)
268:L.
194::
181::
168::
155::
895:.
879:"
875:"
837:.
808:.
790:"
752:.
701:.
677:.
661:"
657:"
466:(
266:(
98:)
92:(
87:)
83:(
79:.
77:)
73:(
66:)
62:(
42:.
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