Mayflower - Knowledge

682: 37: 297: 57: 1233: 325:, founded in 1607, saw most of its settlers die within the first year. 440 of the 500 new arrivals died of starvation during the first six months of winter. The Puritan separatists also learned of the constant threat of attacks by indigenous peoples. But despite all the arguments against traveling to this new land, their conviction that God wanted them to go held sway: "We verily believe and trust the Lord is with us," they wrote, "and that he will graciously prosper our indeavours, according to the simplicity of our hearts therein." 364: 1286: 596: 649: 443: 224:), the Pilgrims chose to separate themselves from the Church of England, which forced them to pray in private. They believed that its resistance to reform and Roman Catholic past left it beyond redemption. Starting in 1608, a group of English families left England for the Netherlands, where they could worship freely. By 1620, the community determined to cross the Atlantic for America, which they considered a "new 1345: 769:

their reconnoiter, as the Pilgrims were not accustomed to winter weather which was much colder than back home. They were forced to spend the night ashore because of the bad weather they encountered, ill-clad in below-freezing temperatures with wet shoes and stockings that froze overnight. Bradford wrote, "Some of our people that are dead took the original of their death here" on the expedition.

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eighteen centuries ago was to be mainly the work of Puritan thought and Puritan self-devotion. ...If their municipal regulations smack somewhat of Judaism, yet there can be no nobler aim or more practical wisdom than theirs; for it was to make the law of man a living counterpart of the law of God, in

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of about 800 pounds (360 kg), and two base cannons that weighed about 200 pounds (91 kg) and shot a 3- to 5-ounce ball (85–140 g). She carried at least ten pieces of ordnance on the port and starboard sides of her gun deck: seven cannons for long-range purposes, and three smaller guns often

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at London. The appraisement is extant and provides information on ship's gear on board at that time, as well as equipment such as muskets and other arms. The ship may have been laid up since Jones's death and allowed to get out of repair, as that is what the appraisal indicates. The vessel was valued

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Passengers passed the time by reading by candlelight or playing cards and games. They consumed large amounts of alcohol such as beer with meals. This was known to be safer than water, which often came from polluted sources and caused disease. No cattle or beasts of draft or burden were brought on the

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Being thus arrived in a good harbor and brought safe to land, they fell upon their knees and blessed the God of heaven, who had brought them over the vast and furious ocean, and delivered them from all the perils and miseries thereof, again to set their feet on the firm and stable earth, their proper

641:, died—the sole fatality of the voyage—and was buried at sea. A baby was also born, christened Oceanus Hopkins. During another storm, so fierce that the sails could not be used, the ship was forced to drift without hoisting its sails for days, or else risk losing her masts. The storm washed passenger 574:

s provisions were already quite low when departing Southampton, and they became lower still by delays of more than a month. The passengers had been on board the ship this entire time, feeling worn out and in no condition for a very taxing, lengthy Atlantic journey cooped up in the cramped spaces of a

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of modern times. It was democratic, an acknowledgment of liberty under law and order and the giving to each person the right to participate in the government, while they promised to be obedient to the laws....ny form of government is better than anarchy, and any attempt to tear down government is an

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s owners applied to the Admiralty court for an appraisal of the ship on May 4, 1624, two years after Captain Jones's death in 1622; one of these applicants was Jones's widow, Mrs. Josian (Joan) Jones. This appraisal probably was made to determine the valuation of the ship for the purpose of settling

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From the beginning, the assistance they received from the local Native Americans was vital. One colonist's journal reported, "We dug and found some more corn, two or three baskets full, and a bag of beans. ... In all we had about ten bushels, which will be enough for seed. It is with God's help that

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Not all of the Separatists were able to depart, as many did not have enough time to settle their affairs and their budgets were too meager to buy the necessary travel supplies. The congregation therefore decided that the younger and stronger members should go first, with others possibly following in

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The gun deck was where the passengers resided during the voyage, in a space measuring about 50 by 25 feet (15 m × 7.6 m) with a five-foot (1.5 m) ceiling. It was a dangerous place if there was conflict, as it had gun ports from which cannon would be run out to fire on the enemy.

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Plymouth faced many difficulties during its first winter, the most notable being the risk of starvation and the lack of suitable shelter. The Pilgrims had no way of knowing that the ground would be frozen by the middle of November, making it impossible to do any planting. Nor were they prepared for

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The ship's cargo included many essential stores the Pilgrims would need for their journey and future lives. It is assumed that they carried tools, food and weapons, as well as some live animals, including dogs, sheep, goats, and poultry. The ship also held two small 21-foot (6 m) boats powered

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September 6], 1620, with what Bradford called "a prosperous wind", she carried 102 passengers plus a crew of 25 to 30 officers and men, bringing the total aboard to approximately 130. At about 180 tons, she was considered a smaller cargo ship, having traveled mainly between England and Bordeaux

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Next to the fugitives whom Moses led out of Egypt, the little shipload of outcasts who landed at Plymouth are destined to influence the future of the world. The spiritual thirst of mankind has for ages been quenched at Hebrew fountains; but the embodiment in human institutions of truths uttered by

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Below the gun deck was the cargo hold where the passengers kept most of their food stores and other supplies, including most of their clothing and bedding. It stored the passengers' personal weapons and military equipment, such as armor, muskets, gunpowder and shot, swords, and bandoliers. It also

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November 27], an exploring expedition was launched under the direction of Capt. Christopher Jones to search for a suitable settlement site. There were 34 persons in the open small boat: 24 passengers and 10 sailors. They were ill-prepared for the bitter winter weather which they encountered on

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Plymouth Colony was the first experiment in consensual government in Western history between individuals with one another, and not with a monarch. The colony was a mutual enterprise, not an imperial expedition organized by the Spanish or English governments. In order to survive, it depended on the

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made a voyage from London to Plymouth Colony in 1629 carrying 35 passengers, many from the Pilgrim congregation in Leiden that organized the first voyage. This was not the same ship that made the original voyage with the first settlers. The 1629 voyage began in May and reached Plymouth in August;

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The passengers mostly slept and lived in the low-ceilinged great cabins and on the main deck, which was 20 by 75 feet (6 by 23 m) large at most. The cabins were thin-walled and extremely cramped, and the total area was 15 by 25 feet (4.5 by 7.5 m) at its largest. Below decks, any person

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In explaining to his congregation why they should emigrate, Robinson used the analogy of the ancient Israelites leaving Babylon to escape bondage by returning to Jerusalem, where they would build their temple. "The Pilgrims and Puritans actually referred to themselves as God's New Israel", writes

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s landing took place in 2020. Organizations in the UK and US planned celebrations to mark the voyage. Festivities celebrating the anniversary took place in various places in New England. Other celebrations were planned in England and the Netherlands, where the Pilgrims were living in exile until

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that protected the crew and the main deck from the elements: designs that were typical of English merchant ships of the early 17th century. Her stern carried a 30-foot-high (9 m), square aft-castle which made the ship difficult to sail close to the wind and not well suited against the North

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in Norway and back to London. The ship lost an anchor on her return in bad weather, and she made short delivery of her cargo of herring. Litigation resulted, and this was still proceeding in 1612. According to records, the ship was twice on the Thames at London in 1613, once in July and again in

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The living quarters for the 102 passengers were cramped, with the living area about 20 by 80 feet (6 by 24 m) or 1,600 square feet (150 m) and the ceiling about five feet (1.5 m) high. With couples and children packed closely together for a trip lasting two months, a great deal of

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They waited for seven more days until the wind picked up. William Bradford was especially worried: "We lie here waiting for as fair a wind as can blow... Our victuals will be half eaten up, I think, before we go from the coast of England; and, if our voyage last long, we shall not have a month's

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After many hardships ... the Pilgrim Fathers first set foot December, 1620 upon a bare rock on the bleak coast of Massachusetts Bay, while all around the earth was covered with deep snow ... Dreary, indeed, was the prospect before them. Exposure and privations had prostrated one half of the men

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was ready for the third trial. This final voyage would be successful. On September 26, 1620, the gallant little craft slipped out to sea. In proportion to her cubic feet of space, no heavier cargo had ever been shipped across the Atlantic. The entirety of a new church, a new commonwealth, a new

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Friends, if ever we make a plantation, God works a miracle! Especially considering how scant we shall be of victuals; and, most of all, ununited amongst ourselves, and devoid of good tutors and leaders. Violence will break all. Where is the meek and humble spirit of Moses and of Nehemiah, who

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s exact dimensions are not known, but she probably measured about 100 feet (30 m) from the beak of her prow to the tip of her stern superstructure, about 25 feet (7.6 m) at her widest point, and the bottom of her keel about 12 feet (3.7 m) below the waterline. William Bradford

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Jones had originally planned to return to England as soon as the Pilgrims found a settlement site. But his crew members began to be ravaged by the same diseases that were felling the Pilgrims, and he realized that he had to remain in Plymouth Harbor "till he saw his men began to recover."

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before the first blow of the ax had been struck to build a habitation. ... One by one perished. The governor and his wife died in April 1621; and on the first of that month, forty-six of the one hundred emigrants were in their graves, nineteen of whom were signers of the Mayflower Compact.

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with clothing and wine, not an ocean ship. Nor was she in good shape, as she was sold for scrap four years after her Atlantic voyage. She was a high-built craft forward and aft, measuring approximately 100 feet (30 m) in length and about 25 feet (7.6 m) at her widest point.

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was located on the ship's highest level above the stern on the aft castle and above Master Jones's cabin. On this deck stood the poop house, which was ordinarily a chart room or a cabin for the master's mates on most merchant ships, but it might have been used by the passengers on

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who sought to break away from the established Church of England and create a society that incorporated their own religious ideals. Other passengers were hired hands, servants, or farmers recruited by London merchants, all originally destined for the Colony of Virginia.

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The first half of the voyage proceeded over calm seas and under pleasant skies. Then the weather changed, with continuous northeasterly storms hurling themselves against the ship, and huge waves constantly crashing against the topside deck. In the midst of one storm,

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Truly doleful was the sight of that sad and mournful parting. To see what sighs and sobs and prayers did sound among them; what tears did gush from every eye, and pithy speeches pierced each heart...their Reverend Pastor, falling down on his knees, and they all with

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Life in Holland became increasingly difficult for the congregation. They were forced into menial and backbreaking jobs, such as cleaning wool, which led to a variety of health afflictions. In addition, a number of the country's leading theologians began engaging in

293:, England, secretly practicing their Puritan form of Protestantism. When they learned that the authorities were aware of their congregation, church members fled in the night with little more than the clothes they were wearing, and clandestinely made it to Holland. 259:, an agreement that established a rudimentary government, in which each member would contribute to the safety and welfare of the planned settlement. As one of the earliest colonial vessels, the ship has become a cultural icon in the history of the United States. 1059:), 1633, 1634, and 1639. It attempted the trip again in 1641, departing London in October of that year under master John Cole, with 140 passengers bound for Virginia. It never arrived. On October 18, 1642, a deposition was made in England regarding the loss. 1126:

Aft on the main deck in the stern was the cabin for Master Christopher Jones, measuring about ten by seven feet (3 by 2 m). Forward of that was the steerage room, which probably housed berths for the ship's officers and contained the ship's compass and

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The government of Leiden was recognized for offering financial aid to reformed churches, whether English, French or German, which made it a sought-after destination for Protestant intellectuals. Many of the separatists were illegal members of a church in

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The passengers were forced to crouch in semi-darkness below deck. With waves tossing the boat in different directions, men held onto their wives, who themselves held onto their children. Water was soaking everyone and everything above and below deck.

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In mid-ocean, the ship came close to being totally disabled and might have had to return to England or risk sinking. A storm had so badly damaged its main beam that even the sailors despaired. By a stroke of luck, one of the colonists had a metal

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was selected to make sure the rules were obeyed, as there was a consensus that discipline would need to be enforced to ensure the survival of the planned colony. Once they agreed to settle and build a self-governing community, they came ashore.

1039:, bought from a shipbreaker's yard in Rotherhithe. The well-preserved structure became a tourist attraction, receiving visitors from all over the world and particularly from America, but later became privately owned and closed to the public. 403:, described the scene of families being separated at the departure: "A flood of tears was poured out. Those not sailing accompanied us to the ship, but were not able to speak to one another for the abundance of sorrow before parting." 929:

October and November, and in 1616 she was on the Thames carrying a cargo of wine, which suggests that the ship had recently been on a voyage to France, Spain, Portugal, the Canaries, or some other wine-producing land. Jones sailed

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historical societies throughout the country, the celebration was expected to last during much of 1920. As a result of World War I ending a few years earlier, the original plan to hold a world's fair in its honor was canceled.

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and make a determination on her passengers. This was a dire event, as vital funds had been wasted on the ship, which were considered very important to the future success of their settlement in America. Both ships returned to

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subsequently formed an alliance with Holland against Spain, with a condition outlawing independent English church congregations in Holland. In aggregate, these became the separatists' motivating factors to sail for the

3038: 1035:, located within the grounds of Old Jordan in South Buckinghamshire. In 1624, Thomas Russell supposedly added to part of a farmhouse already there with timbers from a ship, believed to be from the Pilgrim ship 1314:

s Landing was commemorated in 1920 and early 1921 by celebrations throughout the United States and by countries in Europe. Delegations from England, Holland and Canada met in New York. The mayor of New York,

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that he had purchased in Holland to help in the construction of the new settler homes. They used it to secure the beam, which kept it from cracking further, thus maintaining the seaworthiness of the vessel.

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consisted of a captain, four mates, four quartermasters, surgeon, carpenter, cooper, cooks, boatswains, gunners, and about 36 men before the mast, making a total of about 50. The entire crew stayed with

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made excellent time on her voyage back to England. The westerly winds that had buffeted her on the initial voyage pushed her along on the return trip home. She arrived in London on May 16 [

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in mid-July 1620. The ship then proceeded down the Thames to the south coast of England, where it anchored at Southampton, Hampshire. There she waited for the planned rendezvous on July 22 with the

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to teach them food gathering and other survival skills, all of the colonists might have perished. The following year, those 53 who survived celebrated the colony's first fall harvest along with 90

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estimated that she had a cargo capacity of 180 tons, and surviving records indicate that she could carry 180 casks holding hundreds of gallons each. The general layout of the ship was as follows:

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re-edified the walls of Jerusalem, and the State of Israel? ... I see not, in reason, how we shall escape, even the gasping of hunger-starved persons: but God can do much; and his will be done!"

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April 5], 1621. As with the Pilgrims, her sailors had been decimated by disease. Jones had lost his boatswain, his gunner, three quartermasters, the cook, and more than a dozen sailors.

239:. Arriving in November, they had to survive unprepared through a harsh winter. As a result, only half of the original Pilgrims survived the first winter at Plymouth. If not for the help of 1163:

stored all the tools that the Pilgrims would need, as well as all the equipment and utensils needed to prepare meals in the New World. Some Pilgrims loaded trade goods on board, including

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is an unsettled issue. Charles Edward Banks, an English historian of the Pilgrim ship, claims that the ship was finally broken up, with her timbers used in the construction of a barn at

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cross-Channel, taking English woolens to France and bringing French wine back to London. He also transported hats, hemp, Spanish salt, hops, and vinegar to Norway, and he may have taken

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The gun room was in the stern area of the deck, to which passengers had no access because it was the storage space for gunpowder and ammunition. The gun room might also house a pair of

711:, where they had obtained permission to settle from the Company of Merchant Adventurers. But the strong winter seas forced them to return to the harbor at Cape Cod hook, known today as 3364: 617:, one of the leaders on the ship, often inspired the Pilgrims with a "sense of earthly grandeur and divine purpose". He was later called the "Moses of the Pilgrims", notes historian 3317: 1335:

It was the foundation of liberty based on law and order, and that tradition has been steadily upheld. They drew up a form of government which has been designated as the first real

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The Mayflower Voyage: Premium Edition – 4 Book Collection: 4 Books in One Edition Detailing The History of the Journey, the Ship's Log & the Lives of its Pilgrim Passengers

1603:, not far from Jones's grave at St. Mary's church. By 1624, she was no longer useful as a ship; her subsequent fate is unknown, but she was probably broken up about that time. 866:

over five feet (150 cm) tall would be unable to stand up straight. The maximum possible space for each person would have been slightly less than the size of a modern-day

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s first crossing of Pilgrim Fathers has become the most culturally iconic and important in the history of migration from Europe to the New World during the Age of Discovery.

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document can be found relating to the pilgrim fathers' voyage of 1620, although this might be due to the unusual way in which the transfer of the pilgrims was arranged from

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The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers Who came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and "Little James" in 1623

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The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers Who Came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and "Little James" in 1623

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The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers Who Came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and "Little James" in 1623

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stated, "Next to the fugitives whom Moses led out of Egypt, the little shipload of outcasts who landed at Plymouth are destined to influence the future of the world."

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It was before setting anchor that the male Pilgrims and non-Pilgrim passengers (whom members of the congregation referred to as "Strangers") drew up and signed the

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hoped to build a replica of the ship at Harwich, England. Descendants of the Pilgrims looked for a "once-in-a-lifetime" experience to commemorate their ancestors.

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many of the Indians coming amongst us, and amongst the rest their greatest king Massasoyt, with some ninetie men, whom for three dayes we entertained and feasted

2846: 1278:. His detailed record of the journey is one of the primary sources used by historians, and the most complete history of Plymouth Colony that was written by a 474:, coming from Holland with members of the Leiden congregation. Although both ships planned to depart for America by the end of July, a leak was discovered on 3310: 2830: 1190:

fired from the stern at close quarters that were filled with musket balls. Ship's Master Jones unloaded four of the pieces to help fortify Plymouth Colony.

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by oars or sails. There were also artillery pieces aboard, which they might need to defend themselves against enemy European forces or indigenous tribes.

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the snow storms that would make the countryside impassable without snowshoes. And in their haste to leave, they did not think to bring any fishing rods.

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which was brass, weighed about 1,200 pounds (540 kg), and could shoot a 3.5-pound (1.6 kg) cannonball almost a mile (1,600 m). She also had a

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is based on records from her home port, her tonnage (est. 180–200 tons), and the master's name in 1620 in order to avoid confusion with the many other

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overboard. He sank about 12 feet (4 m), but a crew member threw a rope, which Howland managed to grab, and he was safely pulled back on board.

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in the Port Books of England during the reign of James I (1603–1625); it is not known why the name was so popular. The identity of Captain Jones's

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Jones was one of the owners of the ship by 1620, along with Christopher Nichols, Robert Child, and Thomas Short. It was from Child and Jones that

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to reform what they felt were many excesses and abuses. But rather than work for change in England (as other Puritans did), they chose to live as

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The Pilgrims had originally hoped to reach America by early October using two ships, but delays and complications meant they could use only one,

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s return trip to London in April–May 1621 took less than half that time, with the same strong winds now blowing in the direction of the voyage.

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has a famous place in American history as a symbol of early European colonization of the future United States. As described by Richard Bevan:

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Some families traveled together, while some men came alone, leaving families in England and Leiden. More than a third of the passengers were

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we found this corn, for how else could we have done it, without meeting some Indians who might trouble us." Governor Bradford held out hope:

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Peter Marshall. It was therefore considered the destiny of the Pilgrims and Puritans to similarly build a "spiritual Jerusalem" in America.

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and the disposition of the Plymouth Colony comes from the letters and journal of William Bradford, who was a guiding force and later the

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in Plymouth through the winter of 1620–1621, and about half of them died during that time. The remaining crewmen returned to England on

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until 1624. This is unusual for a ship trading to London, as it would not usually disappear from the records for such a long time. No

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Their desire to travel to America was considered audacious and risky, as previous attempts to settle in North America had failed.

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in religiously tolerant Holland in 1608. As separatists, they were considered illegal radicals by their home country of England.

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s master may have used "cunning and deceit" to abort the voyage by causing the leaks, fearing starvation and death in America.

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After deciding to leave Holland, they planned to cross the Atlantic using two purchased ships. A small ship with the name

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consent of the colonists themselves. Necessary in order to bind the community together, it was revolutionary by chance.

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was built, although late records designate her as "of London". She was designated in the Port Books of 1609–11 as "of

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The moment the Pilgrims stepped ashore was described by William Bradford, the second Governor of the Plymouth Colony:

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Jones died after coming back from a voyage to France on March 5, 1622, at about age 52. For the next two years,

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was refitted and seaworthy, having "made many voyages... to the great profit of her owners." He suggested that

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similarly credited the forming of the Compact as an event of the greatest importance in American history:

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lay in New Plymouth harbor through the winter of 1620–21, then set sail for England on April 15 [

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chartered her in the summer of 1620 to undertake the Pilgrim voyage. Weston had a significant role in

4989: 4585: 4538: 4459: 4452: 4271: 1445:, a ship of the Third Aliyah from Odessa that docked in Jaffa and has been described as the "Israeli 1319:, in his speech, said that the principles of the Pilgrim's Mayflower Compact were precursors to the 4974: 4803: 4752: 4563: 4553: 4494: 4473: 4278: 3250: 1464:(MAS), powered by solar energy, it was the first full-sized autonomous ship to cross the Atlantic. 1171:, and possibly others; these also most likely were stored in the cargo hold. There was no privy on 1024: 489:

for repairs. They made a new start after the repairs, but more than 200 miles (320 km) beyond

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Descendants, 1920). Photocopies of the 1622, 1646 and 1669 versions of the document pp. 7–19.

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In early September, western gales turned the North Atlantic into a dangerous place to sail.

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the estate of its late master. The appraisal was made by four mariners and shipwrights of

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would then be used to transport most of the passengers and supplies the rest of the way.

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Among some of the events to mark the anniversary was a crossing of the Atlantic by the

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sprang a third leak. It was now early September, and they had no choice but to abandon

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The trip to the south coast of England took three days, where the ship took anchor at

4892: 4823: 4798: 4061: 3763: 3616: 3386: 3232: 3226: 3141: 3122: 3115: 3044: 2847:"Sleek new AI 'Mayflower' to cross Atlantic on 400th anniversary of Pilgrims' voyage" 2571: 2505: 2467: 2390: 2305: 2250: 2221: 2193: 2166: 2102: 2068: 2010: 1961: 1928: 1908: 1872: 1845: 1793: 1739: 1660: 1395: 723: 278: 256: 221: 3196:

by Mary Soule Googins, read before the Medford Historical Society, December 19, 1921

2766: 843:

May 6], 1621, less than half the time that it had taken her to sail to America.

4913: 4783: 4195: 4117: 4015: 3920: 3819: 3244: 2675:

The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the

2217:

History and Genealogy of the Mayflower Planters and First Comers to Ye Olde Colonie

1550: 1481: 1421: 920:

Records dating from August 1609 note Christopher Jones as master and part owner of

707:. They spent several days trying to sail south to their planned destination of the 540:

Further information on acquisition of the ship and the planning of the voyage:

486: 424:

July 26], 1620. From there, the Pilgrims first laid eyes on their larger ship,

247:

Native American people, an occasion declared in centuries later the first American

4833: 4718: 4157: 4132: 4055: 3960: 3621: 3606: 3580: 3495: 3435: 3403: 3184: 2895: 2426:(historical analysis), (Globe Newspaper Co., 1983), webpages (no links between): 2380: 1517: 1328: 1324: 1182: 1055:

this ship also made the crossing from England to America in 1630 (as part of the

1028: 972: 945: 553:

nation, all of which were to bless the world, were confined within the limits of

290: 229: 176: 937:

whaling in the North Atlantic off Spitsbergen or sailed to Mediterranean ports.

625:. "America was the new Promised Land." In a similar vein, early American writer 4902: 4897: 4610: 4605: 3980: 3666: 3661: 3585: 3575: 3510: 3500: 3470: 3440: 3381: 3169: 2715: 2556:

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; Reissue edition (October 18, 2014), p. 324

1652: 1186: 1164: 1056: 1032: 1005: 757: 727: 634: 622: 400: 376: 310: 2485:

The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers Who Came to Plymouth on

2379:

Azel Ames; William Bradford; Bureau of Military and Civic Achievement (2018).

363: 4933: 4838: 4480: 4167: 4142: 3985: 3970: 3758: 3560: 3550: 3530: 3490: 3480: 3455: 3445: 2932:"New Israel Museum Exhibition Reveals the Secrets of the Israeli "Mayflower"" 2767:"Mayflower 400 years: How many people are related to the Mayflower pilgrims?" 1439: 1433: 1131:(tiller extension) for sailing control. Forward of the steerage room was the 940:

After 1616, there is no further record which specifically relates to Jones's

490: 225: 159:~80–90 ft (24–27 m) on deck, 100–110 ft (30–34 m) overall 2591: 300:

Painting by Isaac Claesz Van Swanenburg of workers in Leiden's wool industry

4600: 4487: 4320: 4292: 4264: 4152: 4147: 4095: 4040: 4030: 3888: 3784: 3540: 3525: 3485: 2888: 1506: 1495: 1336: 1285: 1152: 1013: 799: 642: 485:

sprang another leak shortly after, which necessitated the ships' return to

447: 273:

A congregation of approximately 400 English Protestants living in exile in

248: 190: 3280: 2867: 2522: 1954:

Mayflower Lives: Pilgrims in a New World and the Early American Experience

790:, suffering an outbreak of a contagious disease described as a mixture of 4848: 4438: 4389: 4185: 4122: 4090: 3505: 2831:"The Mayflower's 400th anniversary celebrations scuppered by coronavirus" 2489:

in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and "Little James" in 1623

1600: 992: 953: 618: 417: 120: 3159:(May 2020) 70#5 pp 28–41. Covers the historiography 1629 to 2020; online 4020: 3601: 2144: 1489: 1251:

Out of all the voyages to the American colonies from 1620 to 1640, the

1091: 1082: 1074: 867: 595: 3205: 3105: 2752:"How a Great Historic Event Is to be Celebrated Throughout the Year", 2491:(orig. pub: 1929, reprint: 2006 by Genealogical Publishing Co.), p. 19 1892:

American Gospel: God, the Founding Fathers, and the Making of a Nation

648: 4190: 4180: 4127: 4010: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3240: 3222: 1139: 1128: 1116: 925: 795: 665: 315: 244: 198: 442: 4107: 4100: 3268: 2263: 1271: 1156: 1078: 704: 503: 217: 3269:

Contemporary photos of Plymouth's Barbican and the Mayflower Steps

1424:

in Devon on 28 August 2021, a year later than originally planned.

4005: 4000: 3687: 3682: 3276:

A photo of the modern-day Mayflower Steps Arch and Pilgrims Point

3177: 3043:, Madison & Adams Press (2018), public domain (CC BY-SA 3.0) 2165:, Madison & Adams Press (2018), public domain (CC BY-SA 3.0) 902: 379:

at prayer during their voyage to North America. 1844 painting by

193:

that transported a group of English families, known today as the

3040:

History of the Mayflower Voyage and the Destiny of Its Passenger

3010:"Meet the 'Mayflower:' Sailing Into a New World, All Over Again" 2909:"Torrington: Life-size Mayflower replica set alight for charity" 2504:(orig. pub: 1929 reprint: 2006 by Genealogical Publishing Co.), 2466:(orig. pub: 1929 reprint: 2006 by Genealogical Publishing Co.), 2162:

History of the Mayflower Voyage and the Destiny of Its Passenger

1115:

Three masts: mizzen (aft), main (midship), and fore, and also a

4137: 3857: 2986:"New exhibition reveals the secrets of the Israeli 'Mayflower'" 2641: 2067:, orig. pub 1929, reprint 2006 by Genealogical Publishing Co., 1409:

captain designed by IBM to self-navigate across the ocean. The

1275: 1203:

List of Mayflower passengers § Mayflower officers and crew

1000: 949: 791: 467: 274: 3199: 2960:"One Voyage That Changed the Face of Jewish Culture in Israel" 518:

victuals when we come in the country." According to Bradford,

4162: 4112: 1378:, there are "35 million Mayflower descendants in the world". 956:, or some of the records of the period might have been lost. 906: 141: 1520:

in Plymouth, site of the ship's final departure from England

1207:

According to author Charles Banks, the officers and crew of

3325: 2657: 2655: 1405:

Autonomous Ship, without any persons aboard, which used an

346:

Pilgrims (Plymouth Colony) § Decision to leave Holland

1677:"Primary Sources for 'The First Thanksgiving' at Plymouth" 1327:

called it "the birth of constitutional liberty." Governor

356:

would first carry them from Leiden to England. The larger

1122:

Three primary levels: main deck, gun deck, and cargo hold

1086: 611:

trust and confidence was required among everyone aboard.

3140:. Williamstown, Massachusetts: Corner House Publishers. 2693:(Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 18 2652: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2619: 2617: 2273:, (Ancestry Publishing, Salt Lake City, UT, 1986) p. 413 924:

when his ship was chartered for a voyage from London to

1406: 1193: 557:

hold. The course of empire was moving westward indeed.

2245:. In Rodney P., Carlisle; Golson, J. Geoffrey (eds.). 1582:

A good, strong ship was at least 300 tons, which made

1031:. Tradition claims that this barn still exists as the 388:

the future. Although the congregation had been led by

2706:(Ancestry Publishing, Salt Lake City, UT, 1986) p. 21 2629: 2614: 2602: 582:

sailed from Plymouth alone on September 16 [

399:

When it was time to leave, the ship's senior leader,

277:, Holland, were dissatisfied with the failure of the 3060:

Bradford's History of Plymouth Plantation, 1606–1646

1471: 786:

During the winter, the passengers remained on board

481:

The ships set sail for America around August 5, but

2866:. Harwich Mayflower Heritage Centre. Archived from 2704:

Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691,

2543:

English Historical Review (19 October 1904), p. 677

3114: 2958: 2930: 2792: 2271:Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691 2247:Colonial America from Settlement to the Revolution 874:journey, but there were pigs, goats, and poultry. 3117:Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War 1925:Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War 1790:Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War 1492:, where the Pilgrim Fathers met before the voyage 175:Unknown, but carried approximately 135 people to 4931: 2727:"Mayor Extends City's Freedom to the Pilgrims", 2052:Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community and War 1220:, which sailed for London on April 15 [ 995:, home and burial place of Captain Jones, where 703:November 9, 1620], they sighted present-day 2566:Pierson, Richard E.; Pierson, Jennifer (1997). 1985:Bishop, E. W., Rev. "The Pilgrim Forefathers", 1427: 715:, and they set anchor on November 21 [ 590: 2565: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2284:The Pilgrim-Fathers' Voyage with the Mayflower 2046: 2044: 2042: 1420:A full-scale replica of the ship was burnt in 1062: 4411:Lady Gaga and the Muppets Holiday Spectacular 3873: 3311: 2889:"2020 Commemoration by the Mayflower Society" 2361: 2359: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2032: 2030: 2028: 2026: 2024: 2022: 637:, the young, indentured servant of physician 262: 1905:Mayflower: The Voyage that Changed the World 1545:Puritan migration to New England (1620–1640) 3155:Vandrei, Martha. "The Pilgrim's Progress", 2449: 2296: 2294: 2220:. Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 66. 2007:The Story of the Pilgrim Fathers, 1606–1623 1917: 1812:The Story of the Pilgrim Fathers, 1606–1623 1784: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1776: 1774: 548:At last the over-full and hitherto baffled 3880: 3866: 3318: 3304: 2356: 2341:Truro-Cape Cod or Land Marks and Sea Marks 2304:Ward and Downey, Ltd, Boston. 1896 p. 448 2184: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2019: 1886: 1884: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1453:were several pioneers of Israeli culture. 1381: 431: 428:, as it was being loaded with provisions. 4965:History of Plymouth County, Massachusetts 4036:National Thanksgiving Turkey Presentation 3090:Marson, R. G. (1904). "The 'Mayflower'". 2983: 2140:, Boston: Gorham Press, pp. 217–18, 2089: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2081: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1836: 1834: 1832: 1830: 1768:. AETN UK. Accessed on 23 November 2023. 1692:The 53 Pilgrims at the First Thanksgiving 1648: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1640: 1321:United States Declaration of Independence 1181:was heavily armed; her largest gun was a 969:Company of Merchant Adventurers of London 877: 269:Pilgrims (Plymouth Colony) § History 4362:Bugs and Daffy's Carnival of the Animals 3065:(the only written account of the voyage) 2411:A Pictorial History of the United States 2331: 2291: 2240: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1946: 1771: 1762:"The Mayflower and the Birth of America" 1728: 1638: 1636: 1634: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1376:General Society of Mayflower Descendants 1343: 1284: 1231: 680: 647: 594: 514:, while the others returned to Holland. 441: 362: 335:Pilgrims (Plymouth Colony) § Voyage 295: 3068: 2790: 2784: 2661: 2623: 2608: 2436: 2175: 1881: 1854: 1703: 885:There were 26 vessels bearing the name 16:17th-century ship of American colonists 4985:Pre-statehood history of Massachusetts 4932: 3360:who died at sea November/December 1620 3089: 3077: 2276: 2135: 2129: 2117: 2099:Pilgrims and their New World a History 2078: 1970: 1897: 1871:, Baker Publishing Group (1977) p. 20 1827: 1815:. London: Ward and Downey. p. 286 897:ships. It is not known when and where 532: 510:passengers joined the now overcrowded 307:open debates which led to civil unrest 3861: 3299: 2817:"The 400th anniversary to remember", 2322:The Mayflower Compact and its signers 2213: 2209: 2207: 2205: 1992: 1808: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1738:, Agincourt Press Production, (2002) 1617: 1398:forced some plans to be put on hold. 1081:bow and high, castle-like structures 676: 220:(who sought to reform and purify the 54: 3815:National Monument to the Forefathers 2337: 2324:, (Boston: Massachusetts Society of 1734:Weinstein, Allen, and Rubel, David. 1569: 971:, and he eventually traveled to the 967:voyage due to his membership in the 493:at the southwestern tip of England, 255:, the Pilgrims wrote and signed the 4960:First arrivals in the United States 4286:Over the River and Through the Wood 3083:The Women who Came in the Mayflower 2956: 2791:Newcott, Bill (November 11, 2020). 2718:, Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History 1042: 909:, coincidentally the birthplace of 13: 4446:Slapsgiving 2: Revenge of the Slap 4355:Bozo, Gar and Ray: WGN TV Classics 4026:National Thanksgiving Proclamation 3839:Mayflower: The Pilgrims' Adventure 3031: 2570:. Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, Inc. 2202: 2121:A New Plymouth Colony at Kennebeck 2009:, Ward and Downey, Limited (1897) 1792:, Penguin Publishing (2006) ebook 1749: 1659:, St. Martin's Press, N.Y. (2017) 1541:(directed by Clarence Brown, 1952) 1525:Mayflower: The Pilgrims' Adventure 1290:The First Thanksgiving at Plymouth 339: 216:Differing from their contemporary 14: 5001: 4559:Lighting of the Macy's Great Tree 3365:who died in the winter of 1620–21 3163: 3057:(1908). Davis, William T. (ed.). 2367:Of Plymouth Plantation, 1620–1647 2192:. Public Affairs: New York, 2006 999:was apparently then lying in the 817:described that first settlement: 4970:History of the Thirteen Colonies 4898:Pumpkin chucking / Pumpkin shoot 4549:Thanksgiving television specials 4348:The Berenstain Bears Meet Bigpaw 4314:We Plough the Fields and Scatter 3887: 3831:Signing of the Mayflower Compact 3825:Pilgrim Tercentenary half dollar 3071:The Mayflower and Her Passengers 2124:, Brunswick: Library of Congress 1989:(Michigan), October 2, 1920 p. 4 1474: 1369:Pilgrim Tercentenary half dollar 1353:Pilgrim Tercentenary half dollar 1147:, either for sleeping or cargo. 1004:at one hundred and twenty-eight 978: 764:On Monday, December 7 [ 201:in 1620. After 10 weeks at sea, 55: 35: 4758:Boston English vs. Boston Latin 3255:on Satellite Map and NOAA Chart 3037:Ames, Azel; Bradford, William. 3002: 2977: 2950: 2923: 2901: 2882: 2856: 2840: 2824: 2811: 2759: 2746: 2734: 2721: 2709: 2696: 2667: 2584: 2559: 2546: 2533: 2515: 2494: 2477: 2446:. New York: Stein and Day, 1974 2416: 2403: 2372: 2314: 2234: 2159:Ames, Azel; Bradford, William. 2153: 2148:their highest conception of it. 2111: 2057: 1937: 1842:Mayflower: The Voyage from Hell 1589: 1576: 1460:after the original. Called the 1296:The American national holiday, 1292:(1914) By Jennie A. Brownscombe 743: 699:On November 19, 1620 [ 4502:A Winnie the Pooh Thanksgiving 4369:Bugs Bunny's Thanksgiving Diet 4251:Come, Ye Thankful People, Come 3152:(originally published in 1918) 3138:The Pilgrims and Their History 3112: 2984:Rosenbaum, Alan (2019-12-09). 2957:Tal, Ronen (August 27, 2023). 2302:History of Plymouth Plantation 2136:Lowell, James Russell (1913), 1802: 1697: 1669: 1340:attempt to wreck civilization. 462:Carrying about 65 passengers, 228:", where they would establish 1: 3331:passengers and related topics 3274:Pilgrims Point, Plymouth (UK) 3113:Philbrick, Nathaniel (2006). 3093:The English Historical Review 3053: 1907:, History Press ebook (2005) 1610: 1263: 846: 689: 603: 602:at sea, drawing from a book, 124: 21:List of ships named Mayflower 4955:Exploration ships of England 4945:Age of Sail individual ships 4857:Berwick Run for the Diamonds 4829:Rady Children's Invitational 4591:Native American Heritage Day 4534:Christmas and holiday season 4376:A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving 3805:Myles Standish Burial Ground 853:List of Mayflower passengers 806:on March 31, 1621 [ 688:, painting by Charles Lucy ( 591:The trip across the Atlantic 478:, which had to be repaired. 451:, a replica of the original 7: 4814:Continental Tire Main Event 4258:For the Beauty of the Earth 2754:The San Francisco Chronicle 2190:A Great and Godly Adventure 2118:Talbot, Archie Lee (1930), 2095:Making Haste from Babylon: 1894:, Random House, 2006, p. 40 1467: 1456:Another ship was named the 1323:. While American historian 209:, on November 21 [ 119:Most likely taken apart by 10: 5006: 4418:The Mouse on the Mayflower 4404:Intergalactic Thanksgiving 3676:Native American associates 3251:Exact arrival site of the 3202:of Plymouth, Massachusetts 3135: 3069:Johnson, Caleb H. (2006). 2911:. BBC News. 29 August 2021 2413:, Mason Bros. (1860) p. 63 2241:Barnhill, John H. (2006). 2214:Hills, Leon Clark (2009). 1532:Pilgrims (Plymouth Colony) 1514:in Plymouth, Massachusetts 1431: 1200: 1197:officers, crew, and others 850: 542:Pilgrims (Plymouth Colony) 539: 343: 332: 266: 263:Motivations for the voyage 251:. Before disembarking the 25:Mayflower (disambiguation) 18: 4885: 4847: 4776: 4738: 4731: 4701: 4619: 4586:National Day of Listening 4526: 4515: 4453:Star Wars Holiday Special 4330: 4272:Let All Things Now Living 4219: 4210: 4078: 3939: 3906: 3895: 3711: 3675: 3594: 3436:Priscilla (Mullins) Alden 3426: 3372:Captain Christopher Jones 3336: 2101:, Knopf, New York (2011) 1943:Charles Edward Banks p.17 1462:Mayflower Autonomous Ship 1386:The 400th anniversary of 1307:The 300th Anniversary of 1227: 328: 131: 49: 34: 4804:ESPN Events Invitational 4763:Missouri Turkey Day Game 4753:CFL Thanksgiving Classic 4709:National Day of Mourning 4495:A Very Gaga Thanksgiving 4474:The Thanksgiving Special 4279:Now Thank We All Our God 3136:Usher, Roland G (1984). 3085:. Boston: Pilgrim Press. 2702:Eugene Aubrey Stratton. 2269:Eugene Aubrey Stratton. 1704:Winslow, Edward (1622), 1367:The government issued a 1239:Tercentenary stamp, 1920 241:local indigenous peoples 213:November 11], 1620. 4980:Plymouth, Massachusetts 4908:Turkey Night Grand Prix 4748:NFL on Thanksgiving Day 4596:Small Business Saturday 4425:Oprah's Favorite Things 4397:Garfield's Thanksgiving 4244:Bringing In the Sheaves 3966:Plymouth, Massachusetts 3810:Myles Standish Monument 2673:Banks, Charles Edward. 2500:Banks, Charles Edward. 2483:Banks, Charles Edward. 2462:Banks, Charles Edward. 1868:The Light and the Glory 1382:400th anniversary, 2020 1019:What finally became of 686:Landing of the Pilgrims 457:Plymouth, Massachusetts 207:Cape Cod, Massachusetts 132:General characteristics 4872:Feaster Five Road Race 4819:Las Vegas Invitational 4432:Saints & Strangers 3791:Mayflower AI sea drone 3772:Mayflower House Museum 3410:Of Plymouth Plantation 3288:Encyclopedia Americana 3282:"Mayflower, The" 3063:. New York: Scribners. 2821:, April 18, 2019 p. B2 2642:"MayflowerHistory.com" 2409:Lossing, Benson John. 2338:Rich, Shebnah (1883). 2320:George Ernest Bowman, 2063:Charles Edward Banks, 2054:, (Penguin Books 2006) 2050:Philbrick, Nathaniel. 1923:Philbrick, Nathaniel. 1809:Arber, Edward (1897). 1788:Philbrick, Nathaniel. 1394:their voyage, but the 1356: 1342: 1293: 1260: 1240: 1090:Atlantic's prevailing 824: 784: 753: 741: 696: 656: 607: 559: 459: 420:on August 5 [ 414: 384: 301: 197:, from England to the 23:. For other uses, see 4789:Acrisure Invitational 4682:Celebrate the Season 4569:National Adoption Day 4564:World's Largest Disco 4341:Bart vs. Thanksgiving 4300:The Thanksgiving Song 2286:(ShipsOnStamps 2003) 1987:Lansing State Journal 1903:Hilton, Christopher. 1844:, Amazon ebook, 2013 1682:. Pilgrim Hall Museum 1347: 1333: 1288: 1249: 1235: 819: 810:March 21, 1621]. 779: 748: 736: 684: 651: 598: 546: 445: 409: 366: 299: 19:For other ships, see 4877:Manchester Road Race 4674:6abc-Dunkin' Donuts 4658:Hollywood Christmas 4652:(Kitchener-Waterloo) 4544:Thanksgiving in film 4467:Thanksgiving Orphans 4383:A Doonesbury Special 4173:Green bean casserole 3846:The Pilgrim Progress 3173:and Plymouth History 3079:Marble, Annie Russel 2937:eJewish Philanthropy 2743:, Nov. 23, 1920 p. 6 2731:, September 28, 1920 2646:MayflowerHistory.com 2596:MayflowerHistory.com 2424:Saga of the Pilgrims 2385:. e-artnow. p. 2346:D. Lothrop & Co. 1736:The Story of America 1599:lay at her berth in 1224:April 5], 1621. 1050:Another ship called 627:James Russell Lowell 506:, England, where 20 4862:Buffalo Turkey Trot 4690:America's Hometown 4086:Thanksgiving dinner 3916:Samuel de Champlain 3779:Pilgrim Hall Museum 3206:General Society of 3200:Pilgrim Hall Museum 3194:and Plymouth Colony 3073:. Indiana: Xlibris. 2898:, Mayflower Society 2799:National Geographic 2756:, Feb. 1, 1920 p. 2 2365:Bradford, William. 2300:Bradford, William. 905:" in the county of 815:Benson John Lossing 713:Provincetown Harbor 4950:English emigration 4867:Dallas Turkey Trot 4809:Fort Myers Tip-Off 4794:Ball Dawgs Classic 4768:Turkey Day Classic 4714:Unthanksgiving Day 4579:Cyber Black Friday 4307:We Gather Together 4230:Alice's Restaurant 4051:Blackout Wednesday 4046:Sarah Josepha Hale 3632:Christopher Martin 3183:2017-11-12 at the 2990:The Jerusalem Post 2894:2020-12-05 at the 2716:"William Bradford" 2568:Pierson Millennium 2188:Hodgson, Godfrey. 1952:Whittock, Martyn. 1538:Plymouth Adventure 1428:Use of "Mayflower" 1357: 1317:John Francis Hylan 1294: 1266:for the voyage of 1241: 719:November 11]. 709:Colony of Virginia 697: 677:Arrival in America 657: 608: 460: 385: 381:Robert Walter Weir 302: 4927: 4926: 4923: 4922: 4893:National Dog Show 4824:Maui Invitational 4799:Battle 4 Atlantis 4727: 4726: 4539:Harvest festivals 4511: 4510: 4206: 4205: 4062:Freedom from Want 3855: 3854: 3617:Constance Hopkins 3387:Mayflower Compact 3227:Project Gutenberg 3055:Bradford, William 3049:978-80-268-8269-5 2683:in 1621, and the 2664:, pp. 30–31. 2396:978-80-272-4506-2 2310:978-0-7222-6641-0 2256:978-1-85109-827-9 2227:978-0-8063-0775-6 2171:978-80-268-8269-5 2015:978-0-7222-6640-3 1933:978-0-670-03760-5 1913:978-0-7524-9530-9 1865:Marshall, Peter. 1850:978-1-9161908-7-0 1798:978-1-101-21883-9 1760:Bevan, Richard. 1665:978-1-250-10856-2 1586:relatively small. 1570:Explanatory notes 1554:, sister ship to 1396:COVID-19 pandemic 1374:According to the 1351:, reverse of the 1243:The Pilgrim ship 1066:design and layout 915:Christopher Jones 724:Mayflower Compact 562:Rev. E. W. Bishop 279:Church of England 257:Mayflower Compact 222:Church of England 182: 181: 83:Christopher Jones 4997: 4990:Ships of England 4784:Acrisure Classic 4736: 4735: 4693: 4685: 4677: 4669: 4661: 4653: 4645: 4632: 4554:Winter festivals 4524: 4523: 4237:Bless This House 4217: 4216: 4118:Butternut squash 4069:Mourt's Relation 3996:Native Americans 3976:William Bradford 3921:Martin Frobisher 3904: 3903: 3882: 3875: 3868: 3859: 3858: 3820:Pilgrim Monument 3595:Other passengers 3461:William Brewster 3451:William Bradford 3417:Mourt's Relation 3320: 3313: 3306: 3297: 3296: 3292: 3284: 3245:Internet Archive 3151: 3132: 3120: 3109: 3086: 3074: 3064: 3025: 3024: 3022: 3021: 3006: 3000: 2999: 2997: 2996: 2981: 2975: 2974: 2972: 2971: 2962: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2944: 2934: 2927: 2921: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2905: 2899: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2870:on 14 April 2018 2860: 2854: 2853:, March 25, 2020 2844: 2838: 2828: 2822: 2819:The Boston Globe 2815: 2809: 2808: 2806: 2805: 2796: 2788: 2782: 2781: 2779: 2778: 2763: 2757: 2750: 2744: 2738: 2732: 2729:New York Tribune 2725: 2719: 2713: 2707: 2700: 2694: 2671: 2665: 2659: 2650: 2649: 2638: 2627: 2621: 2612: 2606: 2600: 2599: 2588: 2582: 2581: 2563: 2557: 2550: 2544: 2537: 2531: 2530: 2519: 2513: 2498: 2492: 2481: 2475: 2460: 2447: 2440: 2434: 2420: 2414: 2407: 2401: 2400: 2376: 2370: 2363: 2354: 2353: 2335: 2329: 2318: 2312: 2298: 2289: 2280: 2274: 2267: 2261: 2260: 2238: 2232: 2231: 2211: 2200: 2186: 2173: 2157: 2151: 2150: 2133: 2127: 2125: 2115: 2109: 2091: 2076: 2061: 2055: 2048: 2017: 2003: 1990: 1983: 1968: 1950: 1944: 1941: 1935: 1927:, Viking (2006) 1921: 1915: 1901: 1895: 1888: 1879: 1863: 1852: 1840:Jackson, Kevin. 1838: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1806: 1800: 1786: 1769: 1758: 1747: 1732: 1726: 1725: 1720: 1718: 1712: 1707:Mourt's Relation 1701: 1695: 1694: 1689: 1687: 1681: 1673: 1667: 1650: 1604: 1593: 1587: 1580: 1484: 1482:Biography portal 1479: 1478: 1477: 1422:Great Torrington 1392: 1313: 1257: 1109: 1100: 989: 760: 694: 691: 605: 573: 563: 528: 405:William Bradford 373:William Bradford 126: 94: 93: 89: 64: 59: 39: 32: 31: 5005: 5004: 5000: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4995: 4994: 4975:Plymouth Colony 4930: 4929: 4928: 4919: 4881: 4843: 4834:SoCal Challenge 4772: 4723: 4719:Buy Nothing Day 4697: 4691: 4683: 4675: 4668:(New York City) 4667: 4659: 4651: 4643: 4630: 4615: 4520: 4518: 4507: 4326: 4213: 4202: 4143:Mashed potatoes 4133:Cranberry sauce 4074: 4056:Abraham Lincoln 3961:Plymouth Colony 3935: 3900: 3898: 3891: 3886: 3856: 3851: 3800:Heritage Centre 3707: 3671: 3657:William Mullins 3627:Stephen Hopkins 3622:Oceanus Hopkins 3607:John Billington 3590: 3581:Peregrine White 3496:Humility Cooper 3422: 3404:Plymouth Colony 3377:The More family 3332: 3324: 3279: 3185:Wayback Machine 3166: 3148: 3129: 3100:(76): 669–680. 3034: 3032:Further reading 3029: 3028: 3019: 3017: 3008: 3007: 3003: 2994: 2992: 2982: 2978: 2969: 2967: 2955: 2951: 2942: 2940: 2929: 2928: 2924: 2914: 2912: 2907: 2906: 2902: 2896:Wayback Machine 2887: 2883: 2873: 2871: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2845: 2841: 2829: 2825: 2816: 2812: 2803: 2801: 2789: 2785: 2776: 2774: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2751: 2747: 2741:New York Herald 2739: 2735: 2726: 2722: 2714: 2710: 2701: 2697: 2672: 2668: 2660: 2653: 2640: 2639: 2630: 2622: 2615: 2607: 2603: 2592:"Cross-Section" 2590: 2589: 2585: 2578: 2564: 2560: 2552:Caffrey, Kate. 2551: 2547: 2539:R. 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Marsden, 2538: 2534: 2529:. 27 June 2023. 2523:"The Mayflower" 2521: 2520: 2516: 2499: 2495: 2482: 2478: 2461: 2450: 2442:Caffrey, Kate. 2441: 2437: 2421: 2417: 2408: 2404: 2397: 2377: 2373: 2364: 2357: 2336: 2332: 2319: 2315: 2299: 2292: 2282:Bjoern Moritz, 2281: 2277: 2268: 2264: 2257: 2243:"Massachusetts" 2239: 2235: 2228: 2212: 2203: 2187: 2176: 2158: 2154: 2138:The Round Table 2134: 2130: 2116: 2112: 2092: 2079: 2062: 2058: 2049: 2020: 2005:Arber, Edward. 2004: 1993: 1984: 1971: 1951: 1947: 1942: 1938: 1922: 1918: 1902: 1898: 1889: 1882: 1864: 1855: 1839: 1828: 1818: 1816: 1807: 1803: 1787: 1772: 1759: 1750: 1733: 1729: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1702: 1698: 1685: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1674: 1670: 1653:Fraser, Rebecca 1651: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1607: 1594: 1590: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1518:Mayflower Steps 1510:, a replica of 1480: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1436: 1430: 1415:Heritage Centre 1390: 1384: 1329:Calvin Coolidge 1325:George Bancroft 1311: 1255: 1230: 1205: 1199: 1169:William Mullins 1119:in the bow area 1107: 1098: 1068: 1048: 1029:Buckinghamshire 987: 981: 973:Plymouth Colony 946:Admiralty court 883: 855: 849: 762: 755: 746: 692: 679: 593: 571: 565: 561: 544: 538: 526: 440: 348: 342: 340:Leaving Holland 337: 331: 291:Nottinghamshire 271: 265: 230:Plymouth Colony 189:was an English 177:Plymouth Colony 91: 87: 86: 60: 45: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5003: 4993: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4925: 4924: 4921: 4920: 4918: 4917: 4910: 4905: 4903:Turkey bowling 4900: 4895: 4889: 4887: 4883: 4882: 4880: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4853: 4851: 4845: 4844: 4842: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4780: 4778: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4744: 4742: 4733: 4729: 4728: 4725: 4724: 4722: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4698: 4696: 4695: 4687: 4679: 4676:(Philadelphia) 4671: 4663: 4655: 4647: 4639: 4634: 4629:Novant Health 4625: 4623: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4613: 4611:Thanksgivukkah 4608: 4606:Giving Tuesday 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4582: 4581: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4530: 4528: 4521: 4516: 4513: 4512: 4509: 4508: 4506: 4505: 4498: 4491: 4484: 4477: 4470: 4463: 4456: 4449: 4442: 4435: 4428: 4421: 4414: 4407: 4400: 4393: 4386: 4379: 4372: 4365: 4358: 4351: 4344: 4336: 4334: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4324: 4317: 4310: 4303: 4296: 4289: 4282: 4275: 4268: 4261: 4254: 4247: 4240: 4233: 4225: 4223: 4214: 4211: 4208: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4200: 4199: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4148:Sweet potatoes 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4104: 4103: 4098: 4088: 4082: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4072: 4065: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3981:Edward Winslow 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3951: 3945: 3943: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3912: 3910: 3901: 3896: 3893: 3892: 3885: 3884: 3877: 3870: 3862: 3853: 3852: 3850: 3849: 3843: 3835: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 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3033: 3030: 3027: 3026: 3001: 2976: 2949: 2922: 2900: 2881: 2855: 2851:The First News 2839: 2837:, May 22, 2020 2823: 2810: 2783: 2758: 2745: 2733: 2720: 2708: 2695: 2666: 2651: 2628: 2613: 2601: 2583: 2576: 2558: 2545: 2532: 2514: 2493: 2476: 2448: 2435: 2422:Harris, John. 2415: 2402: 2395: 2371: 2369:, Knopf (1952) 2355: 2330: 2313: 2290: 2275: 2262: 2255: 2233: 2226: 2201: 2174: 2152: 2128: 2110: 2093:Bunker, Nick. 2077: 2056: 2018: 1991: 1969: 1945: 1936: 1916: 1896: 1890:Meacham, Jon, 1880: 1853: 1826: 1801: 1770: 1748: 1727: 1696: 1668: 1615: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1588: 1574: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1566: 1558: 1547: 1542: 1534: 1529: 1521: 1515: 1503: 1493: 1486: 1485: 1469: 1466: 1429: 1426: 1383: 1380: 1229: 1226: 1201:Main article: 1198: 1192: 1165:Isaac Allerton 1124: 1123: 1120: 1067: 1061: 1057:Winthrop Fleet 1047: 1041: 1033:Mayflower Barn 980: 977: 882: 876: 851:Main article: 848: 845: 758:Rebecca Fraser 747: 745: 742: 728:Myles Standish 678: 675: 655:cabin interior 635:William Butten 623:Rebecca Fraser 592: 589: 545: 537: 531: 439: 430: 401:Edward Winslow 377:Myles Standish 341: 338: 330: 327: 264: 261: 180: 179: 173: 169: 168: 165: 161: 160: 157: 153: 152: 149: 145: 144: 138: 137:Class and type 134: 133: 129: 128: 117: 113: 112: 109: 108:Out of service 105: 104: 101: 97: 96: 80: 76: 75: 70: 66: 65: 52: 51: 47: 46: 40: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5002: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4935: 4916: 4915: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4884: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4855: 4854: 4852: 4850: 4846: 4840: 4839:Wooden Legacy 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4775: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4737: 4734: 4730: 4720: 4717: 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