42:
1178:, responded by raising Mazhabi Sikhs as "Special Police Officers". This tactic was designed both for community protection and to dull any incentive for Mazhabis to join with the militants, although in fact Mazhabis had often been victims of attacks by those people. Their loyalty was to the government and was never questioned. Mostly unemployed people, they were provided with guns by the state and were literally given a licence to kill. Gill received heavy criticism for the brutality and ruthlessness of his tactics but the Sikh militants were neutralised. A large number of these special police officers were said to have been used during the February 1992 elections. An open season was declared on Sikh terrorists and the police were able to use whatever means deemed necessary to achieve victory. Major Sikh militant leaders were targeted, and many did not survive.
1225:. The internal division between Jat Sikh and Mazhabi still broadly follows the economic distinction between farmer and landless labourer. It is land-ownership rather than varna's stress on occupational status that defines discrimination within the Sikh communities of the Punjab, and Ronki Ram notes that the nature of untouchability itself in Punjab differs from the rest of India because it is "related more to prejudice than pollution". Many Mazhabi are still exploited in low-status jobs, they are often forced to live in less desirable areas of villages, cannot use the gurdwaras frequented by higher-caste Sikhs and must use special cremation grounds.
1322:-centric RSS to be "forced conversion". The RSS said that it was not sponsoring conversion to Hinduism but rather to Sikhism and that the SGPC had been lax in stemming the tide of poor Sikh families switching to Christianity. It was claimed by an RSS colleague, Ram Gopal, that 2,470 people had already been converted in the year prior to the controversy being commented upon and that the SGPC had initially supported the idea. There were also protests by Christians, who claimed that the conversions were an attempt by the RSS to drive a wedge between their religion and Sikhism where previously there had been a harmonious relationship.
5999:
1111:
775:
5991:
112:
1098:. In addition, indiscipline among Jat Sikhs caused by their concerns regarding a post-war division of India was another reason to prefer recruitment of new classes. While recruitment from the pre-war martial classes was still pre-eminent, that from newly recognised classes such as the Mazhabis and Ramdasias became significant. Mazhabis were even recruited into units such as the
1241:, a Jat Sikh-dominated movement. Akali Dal, a religio-political party founded in 1920 and dominated by Jat Sikhs, won all 111 seats that it contested and Khalsa Dal â a new party created with government support â managing to win only three of the 132 in which it put forward a candidate. The campaign saw the Arya Samaj and
1262:
on 16 March 1966, a spokesperson for the
Federation of Mazhabi Sikhs stated that "the Sikh Scheduled Castes had been reduced to a position of mere serfs by the Sikh landlords who would literally crush the Mazhabi Sikhs if Punjabi Suba was formed." The federation offered support for Arya Samaj and Jan
1727:
The Sikh Light
Infantry has always been a "single class" regiment in the parlance adopted from the British Raj era. This means that it recruits only from one demographic, which in this instance means the Mazhabi and Ramdasia Sikhs. Indeed, the SLI was initially called the Mazhabi & Ramdasia Sikh
1206:
The
British Raj system of land allocation in the Punjab also worked against the Mazhabis. As land in the new canal colonies was made available for cultivation, the Raj allocated it to people on the basis of the scale of existing landholdings, which meant that dominant landholding communities such as
1358:
As of 2011, there were 2,633,921 Mazhabis in the Indian state of Punjab, of whom 2,562,761 declared themselves to be Sikh, 71,000 as Hindu and 160 as
Buddhists. The total Scheduled Caste population of the state was 8,860,179. At that time, there were 158,698 Mazhabis in Rajasthan, comprising 11,582
1266:
Although Sikh leaders recognise the contribution of the
Mazhabis and Ravidasias to the community and have tried to include them in their organisations, not least because of the size of their population, both groups still feel alienated because of discrimination by higher-caste Sikhs, especially the
1162:
and Punjab regiments A total of 2,000 Sikh personnel took part in the mutinies. In the most sensational case 1,400 mainly Jat Sikhs deserted after killing their commanding officer and armed themselves. A significant number of those were also new recruits who were incited easily into mutiny and some
1089:
regiment (SLI) after its formation in 1941. Despite unwillingness among some policy makers, the
British had to abandon their traditional distinction between martial and non-martial races during the Second World War. This was necessitated by the need for more recruits than could be supplied by those
932:
today is somewhat blurred because of the influence of
Valmikism. While Sikhism is in theory an egalitarian faith that takes no notice of caste, gender and other social demarcations, Fenech and Singh note that "there is often a level of hypocrisy between what is taught and what is actually put into
1122:
When India became independent in 1947, the
British Indian Army became the Indian Army. This, like its predecessor, relies on the martial race theory for much of its recruitment and thus there is a grossly disproportionate number of Sikhs within its ranks. The Mazhabi Sikhs and Ramdasias continued
1065:
The Sikh
Pioneer regiments, which were practically the only military employer of the Mazhabis, were disbanded in December 1932. The cause was mainly advances in road-building techniques and the need to economise. Most of their recruits were released from the army, the only means by which they had
1253:. This attempt to cause a division along religious lines had the tacit support of the government and its impact echoed down the years. In 2005, 56 expelled employees of the SGPC abandoned Sikhism and alleged that they were being discriminated against because they were Mazhabis.
1354:
in an attempt to reach India during the
Partition of India and Pakistan in 1947. This was one of many examples of the mass migrations that took place across the border in both directions as communities found themselves in the midst of violence driven by religious differences.
977:, operating mainly as a labour corps that worked on construction of roads, bridges and canals. They were not, however, mere labourers because it was expected that their infantry skills would enable them to defend themselves in the event of attack.
1030:
was uplifted to that of "agricultural caste" by the British authorities. The British military classification system, which rated recruits according to their caste, continued to assert that Mazhabis were best suited as pioneers while, for example,
1359:
Hindus, 147,108 Sikhs and 8 Buddhists. 141,681 lived in Haryana (11,485 Hindu, 130,162 Sikh and 34 Buddhists), 460 resided in Himachal Pradesh, 3,166 in Chandigarh, 2,829 in Delhi NCT, 6,038 in Uttarakhand, and 14,192 in Uttar Pradesh.
985:
The Mazhabis, whom historian Stephen Cohen says "had strong caste traditions of violence and aggressiveness and were classed as a criminal caste by the British", lost their military employment following the defeat of the Sikhs in the
2675:
Unfortunately Sikhism did not succeed in eliminating caste prejudices. Most Jat Sikhs look down upon the inferior castes and the former untouchable ranks, known as Mazhabi Sikhs. Still the egalitarian message of Sikhism is
1163:
were forced at gun point to take part in the mutinies. Despite that, the Indian Army officers were correct when they expressed confidence to journalists that the Mazhabi Sikhs of the Sikh Light Infantry would not mutiny.
941:, who accept Valmiki as their guru, increasingly object to being labelled as Sikh, their elders are less concerned. At least one of their organisations, the Valmiki-Mazhabi Sikh Morcha, conflates the terms.
1022:, a second regiment was raised in 1858 and a third followed soon after. This military employment contributed to a gradual improvement in their social status and in 1911 their official classification in
3083:
41:
1962:
2834:
2460:
1245:, who were both opposed to Punjabi Suba and believed in Hindu upper caste domination, stressing a fear of Sikh domination. They encouraged Hindu Punjabis to lie by claiming
2804:
1928:
1314:
and an SAD elder, said that such conversions are "unfortunate and against the basic tenets of Sikhism as Sikh gurus sacrificed their lives resisting conversion", while
1900:
1701:
The vagueness of the Mazhabi-Valmiki relationship was exemplified by tribunal rulings in 1953 and 1955, where an election candidate variously declared himself as a
5190:
1191:
Most of them live in separate clusters in villages. As the 19th century drew to a close, untouchables such as the Mazhabis were still denied equal access to the
2689:
1705:
Hindu, a Mazhabi Sikh, a Valmiki, and a Valmiki Hindu. The first ruling determined him to be Valmiki Hindu and the subsequent one decided he was Mazhabi Sikh.
1677:
1199:
in order to capitalise on them so they tried an attempts to convert those groups to Hinduism. In spite of Sikhism's egalitarian tenets, It believed that the
1123:
their service with the SLI in the new army. The SLI has served in almost all of the post-1947 conflicts involving India, including the wars with Pakistan in
948:
are sometimes referred to as Christian Mazhabi Sikhs. Some also profess Hinduism but call themselves Mazhabi, as do a small number who follow the tenets of
3076:
913:
Within the present-day Mazhabi community, one group calls itself the Ranghreta and claims a higher status on the grounds that one of their ancestors was
1214:
which they proposed to be called "Mazbhistan". This was one of many instances reflecting the lack of coherence among adherents of Sikhism at that time.
1210:
During the numerous discussions, conferences and proposals that preceded Indian independence, the Mazhabis sought to obtain an autonomous region within
1207:
the Jats received most of the 4,000,000 acres (1,600,000 ha) that became available between 1885 and 1940 while outcastes were excluded entirely.
973:
rather than as part of an integrated force. This situation was forced upon him because high-caste Sikhs refused any closer connection. They served as
1217:
Many Jat Sikhs continue to look down upon the Mazhabis, and they are also considered to be of lower status by the other Dalit communities, being the
1170:
had stepped up their attacks on law enforcement as well as civilians, including minority groups. The Punjab had now reached a state of emergency and
3069:
6051:
925:
On seeing this act of bravery and self renunciation Guru Gobind Singh uttered "Ranghreta Guru ka beta", which means Ranghreta is son of Guru.
6056:
2576:
Ram, Ronki (NovemberâDecember 2004). "Untouchability in India with a Difference: Ad Dharm, Dalit Assertion, and Caste Conflicts in Punjab".
1351:
1844:
6041:
5194:
1311:
805:
1203:
also viewed them as being inferior, despite initially being established in 1873 in part with the aim of eradicating untouchability.
6076:
3486:
1970:
1287:
2842:
2360:
1234:
2812:
1936:
1038:
It was calculated in 1898 that there were 2,452 Mazhabis in the army, along with 28,146 Jat Sikhs and 9,000 other Sikhs. During
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4885:
3229:
2788:
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2062:
1883:
1827:
1797:
1302:(INC) voiced their opposition to Christian Mazhabi people being reconverted to the Sikh faith in a ceremony organised by the
944:
Mazhabis who converted from Sikhism to Christianity under the influence of Christian missionaries in the later years of the
6066:
5599:
1906:
6071:
4722:
4685:
6046:
4143:
1376:
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1997:
4021:
3041:
3016:
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1667:
5799:
2695:
1283:
2167:
5159:
4840:
4379:
6036:
5898:
5893:
1054:
Pioneer Regiments â were expanded to comprise three battalions each. These units served in Egypt, Europe,
5408:
4690:
798:
2864:
Kaur, Ravinder (3â9 June 2006). "The Last Journey: Exploring Social Class in the 1947 Partition Migration".
933:
practice." Mazhabis are discriminated against by Sikhs whose origins lie with higher-ranked castes and many
5769:
4717:
4568:
4521:
3061:
5579:
4710:
1759:
As of 2003, around 10,000 of the 12,780 villages in Indian Punjab had separate gurdwaras for Dalit Sikhs.
1335:
1303:
684:
1195:(places of worship) by their fellow Sikhs and during the early years of the 20th century members of the
6021:
5373:
5040:
4620:
2186:
1608:
1171:
1099:
6031:
5665:
5645:
5594:
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4990:
4985:
4878:
3323:
2666:
1132:
1128:
1124:
386:
5774:
5650:
5629:
4980:
4404:
4233:
2614:"Nation-state" and Minority Rights in India: Comparative Perspectives on Muslim and Sikh Identities
2539:"Nation-state" and Minority Rights in India: Comparative Perspectives on Muslim and Sikh Identities
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1258:
1007:
791:
694:
627:
5574:
2435:
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2082:
2050:
6026:
5963:
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5538:
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5025:
4660:
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4288:
4263:
4170:
4148:
1136:
632:
552:
503:
468:
454:
17:
5559:
5794:
5493:
5478:
5468:
5448:
5443:
5248:
5154:
5055:
5030:
4675:
4665:
4625:
4491:
2688:
Talbot, Ian A. (1991). "Politics and Religion in Contemporary India". In Moyser, George (ed.).
1850:
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1543:
719:
2721:
2639:
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2537:
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637:
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5121:
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4828:
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4655:
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4153:
2461:"Police chief K.P.S. Gill turns the tide in Punjab with controversial and ruthless methods"
1200:
987:
749:
724:
714:
689:
597:
4394:
8:
5968:
5903:
5861:
5821:
5816:
5779:
5458:
5393:
5383:
4700:
4680:
4640:
4610:
4039:
3287:
2942:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) â Himachal Pradesh"
1672:
1647:
1331:
1307:
1272:
1268:
1151:
1115:
1086:
759:
709:
699:
141:
2597:
5994:
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5804:
5729:
5533:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5398:
5273:
5253:
5178:
5149:
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5020:
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4695:
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4511:
4501:
4478:
4443:
4346:
4138:
4133:
4043:
2873:
2593:
2031:
1339:
1211:
1147:, where the 1st, 7th, 13th and 14th Battalions have contributed towards peace-keeping.
1059:
1051:
1047:
1043:
974:
463:
430:
136:
131:
3042:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) â Uttar Pradesh"
2364:
1789:
The Garrison State: The Military, Government and Society in Colonial Punjab, 1849â1947
1150:
The Mazhabi Sikh soldiers have a reputation for their loyalty and reliability. During
5856:
5689:
5655:
5498:
5483:
5363:
5131:
5083:
5035:
5005:
5000:
4670:
4650:
4645:
4635:
4558:
4548:
4516:
4468:
4384:
4356:
4326:
4296:
4109:
4104:
4099:
2992:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) â NCT of Delhi"
2784:
2729:
2645:
2618:
2543:
2516:
2414:
2387:
2340:
2313:
2286:
2257:
2230:
2147:
2137:
2117:
2090:
2058:
1879:
1823:
1793:
1569:
1439:
1381:
1167:
918:
890:
874:
754:
562:
211:
206:
201:
3017:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) â Uttarakhand"
1963:"Despite Akali Stand, RSS Set to Bring Back 30 Mazhabi Christians Back to Sikh Fold"
6002:
5928:
5888:
5721:
5660:
5428:
5388:
5378:
5368:
5283:
5258:
5212:
5164:
5126:
5098:
5078:
5073:
5015:
5010:
4975:
4970:
4957:
4744:
4705:
4615:
4605:
4600:
4563:
4528:
4438:
4413:
4203:
4094:
4007:
3909:
3899:
3763:
3758:
3748:
3575:
3431:
3376:
3361:
3219:
3176:
3153:
2967:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) â Chandigarh"
2585:
1267:
Jats. It is because of this that they have turned to political parties such as the
1250:
914:
729:
656:
498:
303:
273:
196:
95:
65:
2892:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) â Rajasthan"
5932:
5871:
5624:
5584:
5528:
5438:
5358:
5116:
5045:
4995:
4918:
4630:
4595:
4590:
4538:
4458:
4160:
4128:
4120:
3869:
3685:
3491:
3381:
3211:
2334:
1452:
1315:
1155:
1140:
1095:
838:
779:
617:
248:
2917:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) â Haryana"
2487:
2333:
Roy, Kaushik (2015). "Indian Society and the Soldier". In Pant, Harsh V. (ed.).
2283:
Recruiting, Drafting, and Enlisting: Two Sides of the Raising of Military Forces
2087:
Recruiting, Drafting, and Enlisting: Two Sides of the Raising of Military Forces
2055:
Recruiting, Drafting, and Enlisting: Two Sides of the Raising of Military Forces
1062:
and performed well. The 1/34th Sikh Pioneers were awarded the title of "Royal".
5878:
5681:
5543:
5294:
5243:
4823:
4784:
4754:
4341:
4306:
4183:
4084:
3988:
3826:
3788:
3730:
3705:
3625:
3506:
3436:
3426:
3396:
1998:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) â Punjab"
1075:
1019:
922:
894:
854:
576:
268:
263:
238:
186:
126:
2641:
Self and Sovereignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam Since 1850
1718:
Investigations, said in 1852 that most of the Thuggees in Punjab were Mazhabi.
6015:
5811:
5589:
5320:
5238:
4813:
4486:
4433:
4369:
4228:
4218:
4069:
3953:
3620:
3305:
3267:
2750:
2589:
1556:
1364:
1159:
994:
Anglo-Sikh Wars. Some eventually found employment as pioneers in the army of
938:
882:
830:
539:
529:
348:
333:
308:
283:
171:
111:
4223:
483:
5734:
5694:
5523:
5330:
5263:
4938:
4913:
4908:
4573:
4428:
4301:
4268:
4089:
4074:
3978:
3821:
3695:
3660:
3640:
3542:
3143:
3096:
3092:
3091:
2022:
Singh, Birinder Pal (20â26 December 2008). "Ex-Criminal Tribes of Punjab".
1813:
1350:
Between 30,000 and 40,000 Mazhabi Sikhs were reported to be congregated at
1238:
966:
937:
have turned to Valmikism but are still referred to as Mazhabi. While young
893:. His name was Bhai Jaita Ji. In recognition of their act, he admitted the
569:
441:
436:
420:
328:
243:
191:
176:
1278:
Perhaps the most notable politician to come from the Mazhabi community is
885:
in Delhi, Rangreta community member recovered his dismembered body from a
829:. Mazhabi are part of wider category of Sikhs, who convert from the Hindu
821:(also known as Mazbhabi, Mazbhi, Majhabhi or Majabhi) is a community from
421:
412:
403:
5619:
5473:
5423:
5353:
5325:
5315:
5310:
5217:
4894:
4857:
4835:
4764:
4321:
4253:
4248:
4213:
3889:
3849:
3441:
3277:
3191:
3186:
3148:
2485:
2202:
1271:
rather than maintaining past associations with Sikh politics through the
1055:
1039:
1018:. The First Pioneer Sikh Regiment soon found itself helping to break the
1015:
995:
945:
822:
534:
493:
411:
373:
363:
343:
338:
323:
318:
288:
278:
253:
2035:
5958:
5950:
5883:
5784:
5764:
5744:
5704:
5488:
5222:
4928:
4923:
4779:
4448:
4418:
4331:
4316:
4238:
4208:
4188:
4079:
4064:
4059:
4051:
3466:
3343:
3196:
3168:
2877:
2171:
1634:
1517:
1491:
1279:
1196:
1042:
the single-battalion regiments of the Mazhabi Sikh Pioneers â the
1023:
878:
704:
679:
622:
603:
583:
524:
402:
368:
358:
353:
313:
181:
166:
161:
152:
1158:, Jat Sikh soldiers broke out in mutiny against their officers in the
1110:
5826:
5418:
5413:
4933:
4774:
4243:
3796:
3715:
3635:
3371:
3237:
2410:
Army and Nation: The Military and Indian Democracy Since Independence
2253:
Army and Nation: The Military and Indian Democracy Since Independence
2226:
Army and Nation: The Military and Indian Democracy Since Independence
1737:
Until 1952, Dalits were prohibited by law from buying land in Punjab.
1504:
1478:
1242:
1222:
1144:
970:
858:
396:
79:
2188:
M & R: A Regimental History of the Sikh Light Infantry 1941â1947
5923:
5754:
5749:
5739:
5711:
4789:
4759:
4364:
3948:
3816:
3806:
3675:
3665:
3655:
3610:
3555:
3501:
3446:
3386:
3282:
3104:
2436:"Counter-Insurgency in India: Observations from Punjab and Kashmir"
2336:
Handbook of Indian Defence Policy: Themes, Structures and Doctrines
2168:"The Story of the Renowned and the Redoubtable Sikh Light Infantry"
1595:
1530:
1465:
1426:
1400:
1319:
1218:
1192:
1090:
communities upon which they usually relied, such as the Jat Sikhs,
1082:
1032:
1027:
999:
949:
774:
674:
664:
612:
298:
4193:
1249:
to be their first language even when it was almost always in fact
473:
46:
Portrait of three unknown Mazhabi Sikh men from Lahore, ca.1862â72
4311:
4273:
4030:
3917:
3801:
3645:
3590:
3550:
3421:
3297:
3247:
3201:
3112:
1929:"12 Vakmiki-Mazhabi Sikh Morcha Members Injured in Police Action"
1715:
1702:
1621:
1582:
1413:
1067:
862:
826:
488:
103:
83:
55:
2143:
Imperial Connections: India in the Indian Ocean Arena, 1860â1920
5913:
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3874:
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3753:
3725:
3710:
3700:
3690:
3680:
3650:
3630:
3615:
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3585:
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3570:
3565:
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3534:
3524:
3516:
3456:
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3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3366:
3351:
3333:
3315:
3272:
3257:
3252:
3242:
3138:
3120:
2722:"Terrorism in India: Identity, Culture, and Territorial Claims"
1747:
1091:
1071:
934:
898:
886:
846:
669:
518:
513:
508:
478:
293:
258:
224:
75:
4863:
5836:
5699:
4818:
4794:
3973:
3958:
3943:
3938:
3922:
3854:
3778:
3773:
3740:
3735:
3720:
3670:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3461:
3356:
3328:
3158:
3130:
3100:
2309:
Phoenix from the Ashes: The Indian Army in the Burma Campaign
2113:
Phoenix from the Ashes: The Indian Army in the Burma Campaign
1905:. University of California Press. p. 307. Archived from
1246:
1118:
march past during the Republic day parade in New Delhi, India
1011:
849:
means religious School of thought), and can be translated as
233:
121:
4734:
3894:
3811:
3595:
3496:
3391:
3181:
2170:. The Sikh Light Infantry Regimental Centre. Archived from
1902:
Competing Equalities: Law and the Backward Classes in India
1746:
Both the Ramdasia and the Ravidassia are converts from the
1186:
1066:
been able to advance themselves in society. A Mazhabi Sikh
3999:
2805:"SGPC Supported Ghar Wapsi Programme Initially: Ram Gopal"
2715:
2713:
1006:. In 1857, the British turned to them for help during the
4845:
3047:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
3022:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
2997:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
2972:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
2947:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
2922:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
2897:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
2003:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
2710:
2835:"Christians Protest, Lambast Ghar Wapsi Agenda of RSS"
1678:
Sikh Pioneers & Sikh Light Infantry Association UK
2515:. University of California Press. pp. 111, 173.
2312:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 218â220, 236.
1849:. Dunedin Academic Press. p. 153. Archived from
1102:, which previously would not have contemplated them.
917:, who carried the head of Tegh Bahadur from Delhi to
2751:"56 Sacked S.G.P.C. Employees Give Up Sikh Religion"
2427:
27:Community from Northern India that follows Sikhism
6013:
1872:Fenech, Louis E.; Singh, Pashaura, eds. (2014).
2779:. In Fenech, Louis E.; Singh, Pashaura (eds.).
2486:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
2146:. University of California Press. p. 126.
2201:
1105:
969:but as separate companies attached to regular
4879:
4015:
3077:
1992:
1990:
1988:
960:
799:
2617:(Revised ed.). Routledge. p. 147.
2542:(Revised ed.). Routledge. p. 108.
2479:
2256:. Harvard University Press. pp. 39â41.
2218:
2216:
2207:The History of the Welch Regiment, 1919â1951
1957:
1955:
2783:. Oxford University Press. pp. 84â85.
2386:. Cambridge University Press. p. 171.
2160:
2076:
2074:
1871:
1237:(SGPC) elections in December 1954 favoured
965:The Mazhabis were recruited to the army of
4886:
4872:
4022:
4008:
3084:
3070:
2512:Lions of the Punjab: Culture in the Making
2116:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 13.
1985:
1154:in 1984, when the Indian Army entered the
1010:, apparently to counteract the rebellious
806:
792:
5195:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
2691:Politics and Religion in the Modern World
2413:. Harvard University Press. p. 221.
2406:
2249:
2222:
2213:
1952:
1293:
1263:Sangh in opposition to the Punjabi Suba.
2719:
2694:. Routledge. p. 139. Archived from
2229:. Harvard University Press. p. 11.
2071:
1898:
1878:. Oxford University Press. p. 356.
1288:National Commission for Scheduled Castes
1187:Discrimination within the Sikh community
1109:
2748:
2433:
2305:
2184:
2136:
2109:
1235:Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
901:(the Sikh faith), giving them the name
825:, especially Punjab region, who follow
14:
6014:
2687:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2209:. Western Mail & Echo. p. 29.
1812:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1318:of the INC considered the move by the
889:crowd and brought it back to his son,
6052:Scheduled Castes of Jammu and Kashmir
4867:
4003:
3065:
2774:
2664:
2637:
2610:
2535:
2377:
2276:
2080:
2048:
2021:
1389:Mazhabi Sikh/Valmiki Caste Population
1081:The Mazhabi Sikhs, together with the
6057:Scheduled Castes of Himachal Pradesh
2863:
1842:
1785:
2781:The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies
2665:Ahmed, Ishtiaq (7 September 2004).
2575:
2556:
2508:
2332:
1875:The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies
1772:
1714:H. Brereton, the Superintendent of
1256:According to a report published in
955:
24:
2384:Religion in the Military Worldwide
2361:"Story of The Sikh Light Infantry"
1393:
25:
6088:
6042:Scheduled Castes of Uttar Pradesh
2749:Rambani, Vishal (17 April 2005).
2728:. Penn State Press. p. 377.
2363:. The Sikh Review. Archived from
1969:. 3 December 2014. Archived from
1668:Scheduled Castes in Punjab, India
5998:
5997:
5989:
5800:Sikhs in the British Indian Army
2841:. 4 January 2015. Archived from
2811:. 2 January 2015. Archived from
2667:"400 years of Guru Granth Sahib"
1822:. Scarecrow Press. p. 171.
1181:
773:
110:
40:
6077:Scheduled Castes of Uttarakhand
5990:
4893:
4841:Contemporary Sant Mat movements
3034:
3009:
2984:
2959:
2934:
2909:
2884:
2857:
2827:
2797:
2768:
2742:
2681:
2658:
2631:
2604:
2529:
2502:
2453:
2434:Telford, Hamish (August 2001).
2400:
2371:
2353:
2326:
2299:
2270:
2243:
2195:
2191:(2nd ed.). pp. 15â17.
2185:Hookway, John Dugdall (2012) .
2178:
2130:
2103:
2042:
2015:
1753:
1740:
1731:
1721:
1708:
1345:
5894:Sikhism and sexual orientation
2720:Crenshaw, Martha, ed. (1995).
1935:. 31 July 2014. Archived from
1921:
1892:
1865:
1836:
1806:
1695:
1325:
1298:In 2014, both the SAD and the
980:
13:
1:
6062:Scheduled Castes of Rajasthan
2866:Economic and Political Weekly
2509:Fox, Richard Gabriel (1985).
2407:Wilkinson, Steven I. (2015).
2339:. Routledge. pp. 66â67.
2250:Wilkinson, Steven I. (2015).
2223:Wilkinson, Steven I. (2015).
2024:Economic and Political Weekly
1683:
1334:recognises Mazhabi Sikh as a
1074:as the Indian Platoon of the
2777:"Sikhs in Independent India"
2488:"Punjab Human Rights Update"
2382:. In Hassner, Ron E. (ed.).
1766:
908:
7:
6067:Scheduled Castes of Haryana
4029:
2440:Journal of Conflict Studies
2281:. In Karsten, Peter (ed.).
2085:. In Karsten, Peter (ed.).
2053:. In Karsten, Peter (ed.).
1661:
1304:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
1290:of the central government.
1228:
1106:After independence of India
743:Sikhism and other religions
422:
413:
404:
10:
6093:
6072:Scheduled Castes of Punjab
5254:British East India Company
2644:. Routledge. p. 436.
2285:. Routledge. p. 170.
2205:; De Courcy, John (1952).
2203:Lomax, Cyril Ernest Napier
2089:. Routledge. p. 162.
2057:. Routledge. p. 161.
1609:Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar
1338:as part of their official
1172:Director General of Police
1141:Chinese aggression in 1962
1100:13th Frontier Force Rifles
961:Before the British Raj era
868:
6047:Scheduled Castes of Delhi
5987:
5949:
5720:
5680:
5666:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
5646:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
5638:
5612:
5595:Johann Martin Honigberger
5552:
5454:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
5346:
5339:
5303:
5231:
5205:
5173:
5140:
5107:
5064:
4956:
4947:
4901:
4856:
4733:
4477:
4355:
4287:
4169:
4119:
4050:
4037:
3931:
3908:
3835:
3787:
3533:
3515:
3342:
3314:
3296:
3228:
3210:
3167:
3129:
3111:
2279:"The Untouchable Soldier"
2083:"The Untouchable Soldier"
2051:"The Untouchable Soldier"
1380:
1375:
1363:Mazhabi Sikhs along with
71:
61:
51:
39:
34:
5656:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
5651:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
2775:Singh, Joginder (2014).
2598:10.1525/as.2004.44.6.895
2590:10.1525/as.2004.44.6.895
2306:Marston, Daniel (2003).
2110:Marston, Daniel (2003).
1688:
1312:Chief Minister of Punjab
1300:Indian National Congress
1284:Minister of Home Affairs
1143:. It has also served in
1085:, were recruited to the
5661:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
5539:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
4464:Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
2611:Fazal, Tanweer (2014).
2536:Fazal, Tanweer (2014).
2277:Cohen, Stephen (2013).
2081:Cohen, Stephen (2013).
2049:Cohen, Stephen (2013).
1899:Galanter, Marc (1984).
1137:Hyderabad Police Action
226:Selected revered saints
5494:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
5479:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
5469:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
5449:Sher Singh Attariwalla
5444:Sham Singh Attariwalla
5340:Officials and warriors
5249:Emirate of Afghanistan
5155:Battle of Chillianwala
4380:Darbar Sahib Kartarpur
4129:Beliefs and principles
2638:Jalal, Ayesha (2002).
1843:Cole, W. Owen (2004).
1786:Yong, Tan Tai (2005).
1294:Modern-day conversions
1119:
881:, was martyred by the
853:. They live mainly in
720:Jathedar of Akal Takht
6037:Sikh groups and sects
5832:Fariduddin Ganjshakar
5575:François Henri Mouton
5565:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
5404:Khushal Singh Jamadar
5191:Panchayati Revolution
5187:Hill StatesâSikh Wars
5142:Second Anglo-Sikh War
4454:Qila Mubarak, Patiala
1846:Understanding Sikhism
1819:The A to Z of Sikhism
1176:Kanwar Pal Singh Gill
1113:
5613:Influential families
5570:Claude Auguste Court
5560:Jean-François Allard
5474:Surat Singh Majithia
5464:Lehna Singh Majithia
5269:Hill States Alliance
5122:Battle of Ferozeshah
5109:First Anglo-Sikh War
4829:Akhand Kirtani Jatha
4807:Piara Singh Bhaniara
4686:United Arab Emirates
4424:Hazuri Bagh Baradari
4154:Cannabis and Sikhism
2726:Terrorism in context
2378:Ahuja, Amit (2013).
1792:. SAGE. p. 73.
1286:and chairman of the
1201:Singh Sabha movement
1035:should be infantry.
915:Bhai Jaita Ranghreta
837:is derived from the
750:Sikhism and Hinduism
5904:Idolatry in Sikhism
5822:Nanakshahi calendar
5817:Sikh Light Infantry
5459:Amar Singh Majithia
5394:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
5185:, KatochâSikh War,
2755:The Hindustan Times
1853:on 6 September 2017
1673:Criminal Tribes Act
1372:
1332:Government of India
1308:Parkash Singh Badal
1273:Shiromani Akali Dal
1269:Bahujan Samaj Party
1233:The outcome of the
1152:Operation Blue Star
1116:Sikh Light Infantry
1087:Sikh Light Infantry
780:Religion portal
760:Sikhism and Jainism
710:Nanakshahi calendar
5805:11th Sikh Regiment
5620:Sandhawalia family
5534:Sultan Mahmud Khan
5519:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
5504:Sangat Singh Saini
5399:Dewan Mokham Chand
5274:Kingdom of Mankera
5150:Battle of Ramnagar
5094:Battle of Peshawar
5089:Battle of Nowshera
4966:Battle of Bhangani
4444:Nanak Shahi bricks
4347:Tav-Prasad Savaiye
4139:Sikh Rehat Maryada
4134:Guru Maneyo Granth
2138:Metcalf, Thomas R.
1973:on 13 October 2017
1939:on 12 October 2017
1909:on 13 October 2017
1362:
1340:affirmative action
1212:partitioned Punjab
1120:
928:The definition of
464:Sikh Rehat Maryada
431:Guru Maneyo Granth
6022:Dalit communities
6009:
6008:
5690:Bandi Chhor Divas
5674:
5673:
5608:
5607:
5580:Alexander Gardner
5499:Kahan Singh Nakai
5484:Akali Phula Singh
5364:Diwan Bhawani Das
5201:
5200:
5132:Battle of Sobraon
5084:Battle of Shopian
4569:Jammu and Kashmir
4469:Well of Dina Nath
4297:Guru Granth Sahib
4110:Guru Granth Sahib
4105:Guru Gobind Singh
4100:Guru Tegh Bahadur
3997:
3996:
3324:Gurjara-Pratihara
2872:(22): 2221â2228.
2845:on 23 August 2017
2815:on 23 August 2017
2790:978-0-19100-412-4
2735:978-0-271-01015-1
2698:on 23 August 2017
2651:978-1-13459-938-7
2624:978-1-31775-179-3
2549:978-1-31775-179-3
2522:978-0-52005-491-2
2420:978-0-67472-880-6
2393:978-1-10751-255-9
2346:978-1-31738-009-2
2319:978-0-27598-003-0
2292:978-1-13566-150-2
2263:978-0-67472-880-6
2236:978-0-67472-880-6
2174:on 15 April 2009.
2153:978-0-52025-805-1
2123:978-0-27598-003-0
2096:978-1-13566-150-2
2064:978-1-13566-150-2
1885:978-0-19100-412-4
1829:978-0-81086-344-6
1799:978-8-13210-347-9
1659:
1658:
1570:Sri Muktsar Sahib
1382:2011 India census
1096:Punjabi Musalmans
1004:Jammu and Kashmir
919:Guru Gobind Singh
891:Guru Gobind Singh
875:Guru Tegh Bahadur
831:Valmiki community
816:
815:
755:Sikhism and Islam
685:Nirgun and Sargun
563:Guru Granth Sahib
212:Guru Granth Sahib
207:Guru Gobind Singh
202:Guru Tegh Bahadur
89:
88:
16:(Redirected from
6084:
6032:Sikh communities
6001:
6000:
5993:
5992:
5929:Punjabi language
5889:Women in Sikhism
5429:Balbhadra Kunwar
5389:Hari Singh Nalwa
5379:Misr Diwan Chand
5369:Diwan Buta Singh
5344:
5343:
5284:Barakzai dynasty
5259:Kingdom of Nepal
5213:Sikh Khalsa Army
5165:Battle of Gujrat
5127:Battle of Aliwal
5099:Battle of Jamrud
5079:Battle of Multan
5074:Battle of Attock
5066:AfghanâSikh wars
4958:Mughal-Sikh Wars
4954:
4953:
4888:
4881:
4874:
4865:
4864:
4745:Sects of Sikhism
4711:Northern Ireland
4439:Moti Bagh Palace
4414:Bahadurgarh Fort
4112:(Sikh holy book)
4095:Guru Har Krishan
4024:
4017:
4010:
4001:
4000:
3230:Scheduled Castes
3177:Yaduvanshi Ahirs
3086:
3079:
3072:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3046:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3021:
3013:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2996:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2971:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2946:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2921:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2896:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2717:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2573:
2554:
2553:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2220:
2211:
2210:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2078:
2069:
2068:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2002:
1994:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1959:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1783:
1760:
1757:
1751:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1712:
1706:
1699:
1395:
1373:
1361:
1275:(SAD) and SGPC.
1139:of 1948 and the
1008:Indian Rebellion
956:Military service
808:
801:
794:
778:
777:
744:
659:
606:
600:
555:
457:
425:
416:
407:
389:
304:Bhagat Trilochan
274:Bhagat Parmanand
227:
197:Guru Har Krishan
155:
114:
91:
90:
72:Populated states
44:
32:
31:
21:
6092:
6091:
6087:
6086:
6085:
6083:
6082:
6081:
6012:
6011:
6010:
6005:
5983:
5945:
5716:
5676:
5675:
5670:
5634:
5625:Majithia family
5604:
5585:Paolo Avitabile
5548:
5529:Fakir Azizuddin
5439:Mehta Basti Ram
5359:Diwan Dina Nath
5335:
5299:
5279:Namgyal dynasty
5227:
5206:Military forces
5197:
5169:
5160:Siege of Multan
5136:
5117:Battle of Mudki
5103:
5060:
4949:
4943:
4919:Nau Nihal Singh
4897:
4892:
4852:
4737:and communities
4736:
4729:
4473:
4459:Ramgarhia Bunga
4370:Harmandir Sahib
4351:
4283:
4165:
4161:Diet in Sikhism
4115:
4046:
4033:
4028:
3998:
3993:
3927:
3904:
3831:
3783:
3529:
3511:
3338:
3310:
3292:
3224:
3206:
3163:
3125:
3107:
3090:
3060:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2925:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2862:
2858:
2848:
2846:
2839:Hindustan Times
2833:
2832:
2828:
2818:
2816:
2809:Hindustan Times
2803:
2802:
2798:
2791:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2747:
2743:
2736:
2718:
2711:
2701:
2699:
2686:
2682:
2663:
2659:
2652:
2636:
2632:
2625:
2609:
2605:
2574:
2557:
2550:
2534:
2530:
2523:
2507:
2503:
2493:
2491:
2484:
2480:
2470:
2468:
2467:. 15 April 1993
2459:
2458:
2454:
2444:
2442:
2432:
2428:
2421:
2405:
2401:
2394:
2376:
2372:
2367:on 31 May 2002.
2359:
2358:
2354:
2347:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2304:
2300:
2293:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2248:
2244:
2237:
2221:
2214:
2200:
2196:
2183:
2179:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2154:
2135:
2131:
2124:
2108:
2104:
2097:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2047:
2043:
2020:
2016:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1967:Hindustan Times
1961:
1960:
1953:
1942:
1940:
1933:Hindustan Times
1927:
1926:
1922:
1912:
1910:
1897:
1893:
1886:
1870:
1866:
1856:
1854:
1841:
1837:
1830:
1811:
1807:
1800:
1784:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1726:
1722:
1713:
1709:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1664:
1453:Fatehgarh Sahib
1348:
1336:Scheduled Caste
1328:
1316:Amarinder Singh
1296:
1231:
1189:
1184:
1108:
983:
963:
958:
911:
879:ninth Sikh guru
871:
812:
772:
765:
764:
745:
742:
735:
734:
660:
655:
648:
647:
618:Harmandir Sahib
608:
604:
598:
590:
589:
557:
553:
545:
544:
459:
455:
447:
446:
391:
387:
379:
378:
249:Bhagat Ramanand
229:
225:
217:
216:
157:
153:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6090:
6080:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6027:Punjabi tribes
6024:
6007:
6006:
5988:
5985:
5984:
5982:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5955:
5953:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5943:
5938:
5937:
5936:
5926:
5921:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5875:
5874:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5808:
5807:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5726:
5724:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5714:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5697:
5692:
5686:
5684:
5678:
5677:
5672:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5642:
5640:
5636:
5635:
5633:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5616:
5614:
5610:
5609:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5600:Henry Lawrence
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5544:Sohan Lal Suri
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5350:
5348:
5341:
5337:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5307:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5295:Maqpon Dynasty
5292:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5244:Durrani Empire
5241:
5235:
5233:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5209:
5207:
5203:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5179:NepalâSikh War
5177:
5175:
5171:
5170:
5168:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5146:
5144:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5113:
5111:
5105:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5070:
5068:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4962:
4960:
4951:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4905:
4903:
4899:
4898:
4891:
4890:
4883:
4876:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4850:
4849:
4848:
4838:
4833:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4824:Damdami Taksal
4816:
4811:
4810:
4809:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4741:
4739:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4691:United Kingdom
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4582:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4525:
4524:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4483:
4481:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4361:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4342:Sukhmani Sahib
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4307:Sarbloh Granth
4304:
4299:
4293:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4184:Sikh practices
4181:
4175:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4085:Guru Hargobind
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4056:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4027:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4004:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3914:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3841:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3793:
3791:
3789:Mohyal Brahmin
3785:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3302:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3216:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3173:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3089:
3088:
3081:
3074:
3066:
3059:
3058:
3033:
3008:
2983:
2958:
2933:
2908:
2883:
2856:
2826:
2796:
2789:
2767:
2741:
2734:
2709:
2680:
2657:
2650:
2630:
2623:
2603:
2584:(6): 895â912.
2555:
2548:
2528:
2521:
2501:
2478:
2452:
2426:
2419:
2399:
2392:
2370:
2352:
2345:
2325:
2318:
2298:
2291:
2269:
2262:
2242:
2235:
2212:
2194:
2177:
2159:
2152:
2129:
2122:
2102:
2095:
2070:
2063:
2041:
2014:
1984:
1951:
1920:
1891:
1884:
1864:
1835:
1828:
1805:
1798:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1752:
1739:
1730:
1720:
1707:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1347:
1344:
1327:
1324:
1295:
1292:
1230:
1227:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1168:Sikh militants
1107:
1104:
1076:Welch Regiment
1020:Siege of Delhi
982:
979:
962:
959:
957:
954:
923:Anandpur Sahib
910:
907:
905:("faithful").
870:
867:
823:Northern India
814:
813:
811:
810:
803:
796:
788:
785:
784:
783:
782:
767:
766:
763:
762:
757:
752:
746:
741:
740:
737:
736:
733:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
661:
657:General topics
654:
653:
650:
649:
646:
645:
640:
635:
630:
628:Keshgarh Sahib
625:
620:
615:
609:
596:
595:
592:
591:
588:
587:
580:
577:Sarbloh Granth
573:
566:
558:
551:
550:
547:
546:
543:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
460:
453:
452:
449:
448:
445:
444:
439:
434:
427:
418:
409:
400:
392:
385:
384:
381:
380:
377:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
269:Bhagat Bhikhan
266:
264:Bhagat Sadhana
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
239:Bhagat Ravidas
236:
230:
223:
222:
219:
218:
215:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
187:Guru Hargobind
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
158:
151:
150:
147:
146:
145:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
116:
115:
107:
106:
100:
99:
87:
86:
73:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6089:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6019:
6017:
6004:
5996:
5986:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5969:Kesgarh Sahib
5967:
5965:
5964:Damdama Sahib
5962:
5960:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5952:
5948:
5942:
5939:
5934:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5916:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5812:Sikh Regiment
5810:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5727:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5713:
5710:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5687:
5685:
5683:
5679:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5631:
5630:Tiwana family
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5611:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5590:Josiah Harlan
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5434:Jawahar Singh
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5409:Zorawar Singh
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5351:
5349:
5345:
5342:
5338:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5321:Harkishangarh
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5302:
5296:
5293:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5239:Mughal Empire
5237:
5236:
5234:
5230:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5204:
5196:
5192:
5188:
5184:
5183:Sino-Sikh war
5180:
5176:
5172:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5143:
5139:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5067:
5063:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5051:Gurdas Nangal
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5026:Chappar Chiri
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4952:
4946:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4900:
4896:
4889:
4884:
4882:
4877:
4875:
4870:
4869:
4866:
4861:
4859:
4855:
4847:
4844:
4843:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4814:Agrahari Sikh
4812:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4735:Groups, sects
4732:
4724:
4723:U.S. Military
4721:
4720:
4719:
4718:United States
4716:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4434:Khanda museum
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4406:
4405:North America
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4234:Three Pillars
4232:
4230:
4229:Antam Sanskar
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4219:Amrit Sanchar
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4144:The 52 Hukams
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4070:Guru Amar Das
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4036:
4032:
4025:
4020:
4018:
4013:
4011:
4006:
4005:
4002:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3834:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3283:Ramdasia Sikh
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3227:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3097:social groups
3094:
3093:Ethnic groups
3087:
3082:
3080:
3075:
3073:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3043:
3037:
3018:
3012:
2993:
2987:
2968:
2962:
2943:
2937:
2918:
2912:
2893:
2887:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2830:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2792:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2771:
2756:
2752:
2745:
2737:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2716:
2714:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2684:
2677:
2672:
2668:
2661:
2653:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2634:
2626:
2620:
2616:
2615:
2607:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2551:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2505:
2489:
2482:
2466:
2462:
2456:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2422:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2348:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2329:
2321:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2302:
2294:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2265:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2246:
2238:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2219:
2217:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2190:
2189:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2155:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2133:
2125:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2106:
2098:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2075:
2066:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2045:
2037:
2033:
2030:(51): 58â65.
2029:
2025:
2018:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1895:
1887:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1868:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1839:
1831:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1814:McLeod, W. H.
1809:
1801:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1756:
1749:
1743:
1734:
1724:
1717:
1711:
1704:
1698:
1694:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1367:in Punjab by
1366:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1182:Social status
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1161:
1160:Sikh Regiment
1157:
1156:Golden Temple
1153:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1117:
1112:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
978:
976:
972:
968:
953:
951:
947:
942:
940:
936:
931:
926:
924:
920:
916:
906:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
866:
864:
860:
856:
855:Indian Punjab
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
809:
804:
802:
797:
795:
790:
789:
787:
786:
781:
776:
771:
770:
769:
768:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
747:
739:
738:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
658:
652:
651:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
633:Damdama Sahib
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
610:
607:
601:
594:
593:
586:
585:
581:
579:
578:
574:
572:
571:
567:
565:
564:
560:
559:
556:
549:
548:
541:
540:Antam Sanskar
538:
536:
533:
531:
530:Amrit Sanskar
528:
526:
523:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
461:
458:
451:
450:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
432:
428:
426:
424:
419:
417:
415:
410:
408:
406:
401:
399:
398:
394:
393:
390:
383:
382:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
349:Bhatt Mathura
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
334:Bhatt Harbans
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
309:Bhatt Kalshar
307:
305:
302:
300:
299:Bhagat Jaidev
297:
295:
294:Bhagat Surdas
292:
290:
287:
285:
284:Bhagat Dhanna
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
259:Bhagat Namdev
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
231:
228:
221:
220:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
172:Guru Amar Das
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
159:
156:
149:
148:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
119:
118:
117:
113:
109:
108:
105:
102:
101:
97:
93:
92:
85:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
5941:Sacred trees
5722:Other topics
5695:Hola Mohalla
5524:Ilahi Bakhsh
5384:Diwan Mulraj
5374:Pratap Singh
5331:Zorawar Fort
4986:2nd Anandpur
4981:1st Anandpur
4939:Duleep Singh
4914:Kharak Singh
4909:Ranjit Singh
4802:Mazhabi Sikh
4801:
4661:South Africa
4429:Kesgarh Qila
4375:Janam Asthan
4357:Architecture
4302:Dasam Granth
4269:Charhdi Kala
4149:Prohibitions
4090:Guru Har Rai
4075:Guru Ram Das
3263:Mazhabi Sikh
3262:
3049:. Retrieved
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
3011:
2999:. Retrieved
2986:
2974:. Retrieved
2961:
2949:. Retrieved
2936:
2924:. Retrieved
2911:
2899:. Retrieved
2886:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2847:. Retrieved
2843:the original
2838:
2829:
2817:. Retrieved
2813:the original
2808:
2799:
2780:
2770:
2758:. Retrieved
2754:
2744:
2725:
2700:. Retrieved
2696:the original
2690:
2683:
2674:
2670:
2660:
2640:
2633:
2613:
2606:
2581:
2578:Asian Survey
2577:
2538:
2531:
2511:
2504:
2492:. Retrieved
2481:
2469:. Retrieved
2464:
2455:
2443:. Retrieved
2439:
2429:
2409:
2402:
2383:
2373:
2365:the original
2355:
2335:
2328:
2308:
2301:
2282:
2272:
2252:
2245:
2225:
2206:
2197:
2187:
2180:
2172:the original
2162:
2142:
2132:
2112:
2105:
2086:
2054:
2044:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2005:. Retrieved
1975:. Retrieved
1971:the original
1966:
1941:. Retrieved
1937:the original
1932:
1923:
1911:. Retrieved
1907:the original
1901:
1894:
1874:
1867:
1855:. Retrieved
1851:the original
1845:
1838:
1818:
1808:
1788:
1755:
1742:
1733:
1723:
1710:
1697:
1388:
1357:
1349:
1346:Demographics
1329:
1297:
1277:
1265:
1257:
1255:
1239:Punjabi Suba
1232:
1216:
1209:
1205:
1190:
1165:
1149:
1121:
1080:
1070:did replace
1064:
1037:
984:
967:Ranjit Singh
964:
943:
929:
927:
912:
902:
895:untouchables
872:
851:the faithful
850:
842:
834:
819:Mazhabi Sikh
818:
817:
582:
575:
570:Dasam Granth
568:
561:
469:Prohibitions
442:Five Virtues
437:Five Thieves
429:
423:Charhdi KalÄ
395:
329:Bhatt Gayand
244:Bhagat Farid
234:Bhagat Kabir
192:Guru Har Rai
177:Guru Ram Das
35:Mazhabi Sikh
29:
5979:Patna Sahib
5974:Hazur Sahib
5509:Hukma Singh
5424:Gulab Singh
5354:Dhian Singh
5326:Lahore Fort
5316:Multan Fort
5311:Jamrud Fort
5264:Qing Empire
5232:Adversaries
5218:Fauj-i-Khas
4895:Sikh Empire
4858:Sikh Empire
4836:Singh Sabha
4765:Nanakpanthi
4676:Switzerland
4666:South Korea
4626:New Zealand
4621:Netherlands
4492:Afghanistan
4322:Japji Sahib
4254:The Five Ks
4249:Vand Chhako
4214:Anand Karaj
3850:Mair Rajput
3192:Hindu Ghosi
2849:20 December
2819:20 December
2702:20 December
2676:undeniable.
2671:Daily Times
2465:India Today
1977:20 December
1943:20 December
1913:20 December
1857:20 December
1326:Reservation
1259:The Tribune
1166:In Punjab,
1056:Mesopotamia
1040:World War I
1016:Bengal Army
996:Gulab Singh
981:British Raj
946:British Raj
833:. The word
643:Hazur Sahib
638:Patna Sahib
535:Anand Karaj
494:The Five Ks
414:Vand ChakkĆ
374:Balvand Rai
364:Baba Sundar
344:Bhatt Kirat
339:Bhatt Jalap
324:Bhatt Bhika
319:Bhatt Bhalh
289:Bhagat Pipa
279:Bhagat Sain
254:Bhagat Beni
6016:Categories
5959:Akal Takht
5899:In Fiction
5884:Ravidassia
5852:Dharamyudh
5775:Literature
5765:Panj Pyare
5705:Mela Maghi
5553:Foreigners
5514:Veer Singh
5489:Chandu Lal
5223:Fauj-i-Ain
4929:Sher Singh
4924:Chand Kaur
4780:Sewapanthi
4507:Bangladesh
4479:By country
4449:Pul Kanjri
4419:Fateh Burj
4332:Jaap Sahib
4317:Mul Mantar
4239:Kirat Karo
4224:Amrit VelÄ
4209:Naam Karan
4189:Sikh rites
4121:Philosophy
4080:Guru Arjan
4065:Guru Angad
4060:Guru Nanak
3467:Sial tribe
1684:References
1648:Tarn Taran
1635:Nawanshahr
1518:Kapurthala
1492:Hoshiarpur
1352:Govindghar
1280:Buta Singh
1197:Arya Samaj
1024:Gujranwala
971:battalions
695:Literature
680:Panj Pyare
623:Akal Takht
584:Five Banis
525:Naam Karan
484:Amrit VelÄ
405:Kirat KarĆ
388:Philosophy
369:Satta Doom
359:Bhatt Salh
354:Bhatt Nalh
314:Bhatt Balh
182:Guru Arjan
167:Guru Angad
162:Guru Nanak
154:Sikh gurus
5909:Criticism
5827:Ramananda
5682:Festivals
5419:Lal Singh
5414:Tej Singh
5291:of Poonch
5041:Jalalabad
4950:conflicts
4934:Jind Kaur
4775:Nirankari
4656:Singapore
4586:Indonesia
4522:Vancouver
4497:Australia
4289:Scripture
4244:Naam Japo
4171:Practices
3716:Sabharwal
3636:Khukhrain
3372:Chaudhary
3238:Ad-Dharmi
3220:Khandowya
1767:Citations
1728:Regiment.
1505:Jalandhar
1479:Gurdaspur
1377:Districts
1369:Districts
1342:program.
1282:, former
1243:Jan Sangh
1223:Ravidasia
1145:Sri Lanka
1078:in 1933.
1060:Palestine
1033:Jat Sikhs
909:Divisions
897:into the
859:Rajasthan
715:Criticism
554:Scripture
456:Practices
397:Naam Japo
80:Rajasthan
62:Languages
52:Religions
6003:Category
5933:Gurmukhī
5924:Punjabis
5867:Hinduism
5795:Politics
5755:Waheguru
5750:Ik Onkar
5712:Vaisakhi
5639:Treaties
5021:Sadhaura
4991:Chamkaur
4948:Military
4790:Ramraiya
4760:Namdhari
4701:Scotland
4681:Thailand
4641:Pakistan
4611:Malaysia
4487:Diaspora
4365:Gurdwara
4040:Glossary
3949:Bakarwal
3910:Tarkhans
3807:Chhibber
3676:Mehrotra
3666:Malhotra
3656:Mahendru
3611:Kandhari
3556:Bhandari
3502:Warraich
3447:Randhawa
3387:Dhankhar
3288:Ravidasi
3212:Chauhans
3105:Punjabis
2760:12 March
2140:(2008).
2036:40278313
1816:(2009).
1662:See also
1652:315,574
1626:126,473
1596:Rupnagar
1587:142,995
1574:233,837
1561:251,956
1548:123,782
1535:223,230
1531:Ludhiana
1522:140,723
1509:241,614
1483:151,838
1470:294,164
1466:Firozpur
1444:164,201
1440:Faridkot
1431:247,798
1427:Bathinda
1405:568,997
1401:Amritsar
1365:Valmikis
1320:Hindutva
1229:Politics
1219:Ramdasia
1193:gurdwara
1083:Ramdasia
1028:Lyallpur
1000:Maharaja
975:pioneers
950:Buddhism
939:Valmikis
675:Waheguru
665:Ik Onkar
613:Gurdwara
521:(Turban)
142:Glossary
96:a series
94:Part of
5995:Outline
5919:History
5862:Jainism
5735:Culture
5730:History
5347:Natives
5289:Sudhans
5036:Lohgarh
5016:Sirhind
5006:Sonepat
5001:Muktsar
4785:Nirmala
4696:England
4554:Germany
4544:Finland
4534:Denmark
4512:Belgium
4502:Austria
4327:Chaupai
4312:Gurbani
4274:Dasvand
4044:History
4031:Sikhism
3918:Panesar
3870:Chauhan
3865:Rathore
3837:Rajputs
3802:Bhimwal
3646:Khullar
3626:Khattar
3591:Gambhir
3551:Bhambri
3535:Khatris
3422:Khokhar
3316:Gurjars
3298:Gakhars
3248:Bazigar
3243:Balmiki
3202:Ranghar
3197:Aharwar
3113:Agrawal
3103:of the
3051:18 June
3026:18 June
3001:18 June
2976:18 June
2951:18 June
2926:18 June
2901:18 June
2878:4418295
2494:17 June
2490:. UNHCR
2471:17 June
2445:17 June
2380:"India"
2007:27 June
1716:Thuggee
1703:Harijan
1655:28.17%
1639:16,696
1629:10.51%
1622:Sangrur
1613:57,399
1600:29,813
1583:Patiala
1564:25.39%
1525:17.21%
1512:11.07%
1496:57,236
1457:45,635
1447:26.57%
1434:17.84%
1421:13.22%
1418:78,820
1414:Barnala
1408:22.84%
1371:(2011)
1310:, then
1306:(RSS).
1251:Punjabi
1072:Rajputs
1068:platoon
1014:of the
935:Chuhras
930:Mazhabi
903:Mazhabi
883:Mughals
869:Origins
863:Haryana
835:Mazhabi
827:Sikhism
489:Dasvand
137:History
132:Outline
104:Sikhism
84:Haryana
66:Punjabi
56:Sikhism
18:Mazhabi
5914:Punjab
5847:Dastar
5842:Sardar
5790:Places
5760:Khanda
5174:Others
5011:Samana
4976:Basoli
4971:Nadaun
4902:Rulers
4770:Nihang
4750:Khalsa
4671:Sweden
4651:Poland
4646:Panama
4636:Norway
4579:Punjab
4559:Greece
4549:France
4517:Canada
4400:Europe
4390:Africa
4337:Rehras
4279:Jhatka
4259:Simran
4204:Langar
4199:Kirtan
4179:Khalsa
3989:Shaikh
3984:Sayyid
3969:Kumhar
3964:Kamboj
3932:Others
3900:Wattoo
3885:Jamwal
3880:Jaswal
3875:Minhas
3860:Janjua
3855:Bhatti
3845:Jarral
3769:Vadera
3764:Trehan
3759:Thapar
3754:Tandon
3749:Talwar
3726:Sehgal
3711:Roshan
3701:Oberoi
3696:Nayyar
3691:Narula
3681:Nagpal
3651:Madhok
3631:Khosla
3621:Khanna
3616:Kapoor
3606:Kakkar
3601:Gujral
3586:Duggal
3581:Dhawan
3576:Chopra
3571:Chadha
3566:Bindra
3561:Bhasin
3547:Bhamba
3525:Labana
3517:Labana
3487:Tiwana
3457:Sekhon
3452:Sandhu
3442:Ranjha
3417:Kharal
3412:Kahlon
3407:Jaswal
3402:Grewal
3382:Chohan
3377:Cheema
3367:Buttar
3362:Bhutta
3352:Aulakh
3334:Baisla
3306:Kayani
3273:Mirasi
3258:Khatik
3253:Chamar
3154:Kardar
3139:Rayeen
3131:Arains
3121:Bansal
3101:tribes
2876:
2787:
2732:
2648:
2621:
2596:
2546:
2519:
2417:
2390:
2343:
2316:
2289:
2260:
2233:
2150:
2120:
2093:
2061:
2034:
1882:
1826:
1796:
1750:caste.
1748:Chamar
1642:2.72%
1616:5.82%
1603:4.36%
1590:7.56%
1577:25.9%
1551:16.1%
1499:3.62%
1473:14.5%
1460:7.61%
1135:, the
1092:Dogras
1012:sepoys
998:, the
992:Second
899:Khalsa
887:Muslim
877:, the
847:Mazhab
843:mazhab
839:Arabic
690:Khanda
670:Khalsa
605:Takhts
599:Places
519:Dastar
514:Nitnem
509:Simran
499:Langar
479:Kirtan
127:Topics
122:People
76:Punjab
5951:Takht
5879:Sikhs
5857:Islam
5837:Kabir
5785:Names
5780:Music
5770:Films
5745:Music
5700:Maghi
5304:Forts
5056:Delhi
5046:Jammu
5031:Rahon
4996:Sarsa
4819:Jatha
4795:Udasi
4706:Wales
4616:Nepal
4606:Japan
4601:Italy
4574:Kochi
4564:India
4529:China
4194:ArdÄs
4052:Gurus
3979:Sansi
3974:Saini
3959:Dogar
3954:Bania
3944:Bagga
3939:Arora
3923:Sohal
3822:Mohan
3779:Vohra
3774:Vadra
3741:Sodhi
3736:Sethi
3721:Sahni
3686:Nanda
3671:Mehra
3661:Makan
3641:Kohli
3543:Anand
3492:Uppal
3482:Sohal
3477:Sodhi
3472:Sipra
3462:Sidhu
3432:Malhi
3357:Bajwa
3329:Bhati
3268:Mochi
3187:Ghosi
3182:Ahirs
3169:Ahirs
3159:Ramay
3045:(XLS)
3020:(XLS)
2995:(XLS)
2970:(XLS)
2945:(XLS)
2920:(XLS)
2895:(XLS)
2874:JSTOR
2594:JSTOR
2032:JSTOR
2001:(XLS)
1689:Notes
1544:Mansa
1538:6.4%
1486:6.6%
1247:Hindi
988:First
873:When
841:term
730:Sects
705:Names
700:Music
474:ArdÄs
5872:Rama
4755:Mina
4631:Niue
4596:Iraq
4591:Iran
4539:Fiji
4395:Asia
4385:List
4264:Sewa
4042:and
3895:Raja
3890:Rana
3827:Vaid
3812:Datt
3797:Bali
3745:Soni
3731:Seth
3706:Puri
3596:Ghai
3507:Wyne
3497:Virk
3437:Noon
3427:Maan
3397:Gill
3392:Deol
3344:Jats
3149:Mehr
3144:Mian
3099:and
3053:2016
3028:2016
3003:2016
2978:2016
2953:2016
2928:2016
2903:2016
2851:2017
2821:2017
2785:ISBN
2762:2009
2730:ISBN
2704:2017
2646:ISBN
2619:ISBN
2544:ISBN
2517:ISBN
2496:2016
2473:2016
2447:2016
2415:ISBN
2388:ISBN
2341:ISBN
2314:ISBN
2287:ISBN
2258:ISBN
2231:ISBN
2148:ISBN
2118:ISBN
2091:ISBN
2059:ISBN
2009:2021
1979:2017
1945:2017
1915:2017
1880:ISBN
1859:2017
1824:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1557:Moga
1330:The
1133:1971
1131:and
1129:1965
1125:1947
1114:The
1094:and
1058:and
1052:34th
1050:and
1048:32nd
1044:23rd
1026:and
990:and
861:and
602:and
504:Sewa
5740:Art
4846:3HO
3817:Lau
3278:Nat
2586:doi
1002:of
921:in
725:War
6018::
5193:,
5189:,
5181:,
3095:,
2870:41
2868:.
2837:.
2807:.
2753:.
2724:.
2712:^
2673:.
2669:.
2592:.
2582:44
2580:.
2558:^
2463:.
2438:.
2215:^
2073:^
2028:43
2026:.
1987:^
1965:.
1954:^
1931:.
1774:^
1174:,
1127:,
1046:,
952:.
865:.
857:,
98:on
82:,
78:,
5935:)
5931:(
4887:e
4880:t
4873:v
4023:e
4016:t
4009:v
3085:e
3078:t
3071:v
3055:.
3030:.
3005:.
2980:.
2955:.
2930:.
2905:.
2880:.
2853:.
2823:.
2793:.
2764:.
2738:.
2706:.
2654:.
2627:.
2600:.
2588::
2552:.
2525:.
2498:.
2475:.
2449:.
2423:.
2396:.
2349:.
2322:.
2295:.
2266:.
2239:.
2156:.
2126:.
2099:.
2067:.
2038:.
2011:.
1981:.
1949:,
1947:.
1917:.
1888:.
1861:.
1832:.
1802:.
1394:%
1221:/
845:(
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