3598:
another revolution would now be needed for national liberty, and his vision went further because he hoped that in the no doubt distant future free nations might combine to form a loosely federal Europe with some kind of federal assembly to regulate their common interests. ... His intention was nothing less than to overturn the
European settlement agreed in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, which had reestablished an oppressive hegemony of a few great powers and blocked the emergence of smaller nations. ... Mazzini hoped, but without much confidence, that his vision of a league or society of independent nations would be realized in his own lifetime. In practice, Young Europe lacked the money and popular support for more than a short-term existence. Nevertheless, he always remained faithful to the ideal of a united continent for which the creation of individual nations would be an indispensable preliminary.
3968:, "the emphasis by younger radicals on the 'social question' was paralleled by an increase in what was called 'internationalist' or socialist activity (mostly Bakuninist anarchism) throughout northern and southern Italy, which was given a big boost by the Paris Commune." The rise of this socialism "represented a genuine challenge to Mazzini and the Mazzinian emphasis on politics and culture, and Mazzinis' death early in 1872 only served to underline the prevailing sense that his political era was over. Garibaldi now broke definitively with Mazzini, and this time he moved to the left of him. He came out entirely in favour of the Paris Commune and internationalism, and his stance brought him much closer to the younger radicals, ... and gave him a new lease on political life. From his support was born an initiative to relaunch a broad party of the radical left."
5886:
4145:. After his many encounters with political philosophers in England, France and across Europe, Mazzini had decided that the principle of equality between men and women was fundamental to building a truly democratic Italian nation. He called for the end of women's social and judicial subordination to men. Mazzini's vigorous position heightened attention to gender among European thinkers who were already considering democracy and nationalism. He helped intellectuals see women's rights not merely as a peripheral topic, but rather as a fundamental goal necessary for the regeneration of old nations and the rebirth of new ones. Mazzini admired
3983:, who was an admirer of Mazzini, thought that "Mazzini's greatness ... was obscured for younger socialists by his 'opposition to Marx in the early days of the 'International', and his vigorous condemnation a little later of the Paris Commune", insisting that "Mazzini's conception of the conduct of human life' had been 'a high and noble one'", praising the "No duties without rights" mention in the "General Rules" that Marx composed and passed as "a concession Marx made to Mazzini's followers within the organisation". In his two-volume autobiography, Hyndman spoke at length about Mazzini, even comparing him to Marx.
3699:
3615:
3807:
3972:
3679:) but were arrested and executed. Mazzini accused the British government of having passed information about the expeditions to the Neapolitans, and the question was raised in the British Parliament. When it was admitted that his private letters had indeed been opened, and its contents revealed by the Foreign Office to the Austrian and Neapolitan governments, Mazzini gained popularity and support among the British liberals, who were outraged by such a blatant intrusion of the government into his private correspondence.
4209:
5749:
4039:". He conceived the idea of parallel organizations in other European countries, which should all of them join in a "Young Europe" movement. The plan had only incipient success and Italy remained the sole stronghold of this underground movement. But the idea, though not its practical execution, caught on in other European countries. One reason of Mazzini's partial failure was the emergence of socialism in France and England. France, at any rate, had a strong underground movement, much stronger under
3943:
party, admittedly he does everything himself, but he is also the only one to give orders and he tolerates no opposition". While
Mazzini saw the Paris Commune as "a socially divisive mistake", many other radicals "followed the socialist lead and mythologised the Commune as a social revolution ('the glorius harbinger of a new society' in Karl Marx's words)". This event "allowed a significant section of the radical left, especially a younger generation of radicals led by the poet and satirist
374:
3935:, whose "defence of the International and the Paris Commune caused a stir in Italy and provoked many renunciations of Mazzini and declarations of support for the International in the press", even leading to "the first nationwide increase in membership in the organisation". In an interview by R. Landor from 1871, Marx stated that Mazzini's ideas represented "nothing better than the old idea of a middle-class republic". Marx believed that Mazzini's point of view, especially after the
3757:
1741:
3211:
10734:
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3748:, as a member of the triumvirate of the new republic on 29 March, becoming soon the true leader of the government and showing good administrative capabilities in social reforms. However, the French troops called by the Pope made clear that the resistance of the Republican troops, led by Garibaldi, was in vain. On 12 July 1849, Mazzini set out for Marseille, from where he moved again to Switzerland.
5680:
3504:
4077:, "Mazzini's creed for the New Age thus radically distinguished itself from the orthodox Marxism of the nineteenth century. His Socialism was alive with moral purpose, rather than class identity, infused with exalted intent and specifically inspired by a sense of national, rather than class, mission. It saw itself, unabashedly, as a new religion, a 'climb through
4250:, London's Little Italy during the 1850s, also pays tribute to Mazzini, calling him "The Apostle of Modern Democracy". Mazzini was an important influence on British idealists such as Thomas Hill Green, and other important figures at the University of Oxford (e.g. Benjamin Jowett and Algernon Swinburne) and the University of Cambridge (e.g., Henry Sidgwick). A
4092:("Faith and the Future"), Mazzini wrote: "We must rise again as a religious party. The religious element is universal and immortal. ... The initiators of a new world, we are bound to lay the foundations of a moral unity, a Humanitarian Catholicism." However, Mazzini's relationship with the Catholic Church and the
4112:, stating that it is "divided and subdivided into a thousand sects, all founded on the rights of individual conscience, all eager to make war on one another, and perpetuating that anarchy of beliefs which is the sole true cause of the social and political disturbances that torment the peoples of Europe".
4226:
Often viewed in Italy of the time as a god-like figure, Mazzini was nonetheless denounced by many of his compatriots as a traitor. Contemporary historians tended to believe that he ceased to contribute anything productive or useful after 1849, but their modern counterparts take a more favourable view
4068:
upbringing, Mazzini's thought is characterized by a strong religious fervour and a deep sense of spirituality. A deist who believed in divine providence, Mazzini described himself as a
Christian and emphasized the necessity of faith and a relationship with God while vehemently denouncing atheism and
3942:
In another interview, Marx described
Mazzini as "that everlasting old ass". In turn, Mazzini described Marx as "a destructive spirit whose heart was filled with hatred rather than love of mankind" and declared that "espite the communist egalitarianism which preaches, he is the absolute ruler of his
3467:
fervour. From a very early age, Mazzini showed good learning qualities as well as a precocious interest in politics and literature. He was admitted to university at 14, graduating in law in 1826 and initially practised as a "poor man's lawyer". Mazzini also hoped to become a historical novelist or a
3959:
We have no more idols, we don't accept abstruse, incomprehensible formulas. ... What we object to in
Mazzini is not his opinion in itself, as much as his opinion erected into a system and a political dogma. We are materialists, but we don't make a political school out of our materialism. To us it
3724:
to exploit the favourable circumstances in Milan, turned into a total failure. Mazzini, who had never been popular in the city because he wanted
Lombardy to become a republic instead of joining Piedmont, abandoned Milan. He joined Garibaldi's irregular force at Bergamo, moving to Switzerland with
3900:. At the same time, Mazzini was vigorously opposed to Marxism, which for him was "a dreadful perversion of utilitarianism because of its insistence on class interests, especially class struggle, a conflictual vision that could not harmonize with Mazzini's unitarianism". Mazzini also rejected the
3896:, who was also a republican, Mazzini refused to swear an oath of allegiance to the House of Savoy until after the Capture of Rome. He and his followers were sensitive to the question of social justice, starting a dialogue with socialism, and Mazzini in particular finding many affinities with the
3597:
In the spring of 1834, while at Bern, Mazzini and a dozen refugees from Italy, Poland, and
Germany founded a new association with the grandiose name of Young Europe. Its basic, and equally grandiose idea, was that, as the French Revolution of 1789 had enlarged the concept of individual liberty,
3772:("Friends of Italy") in London, to attract consensus towards the Italian liberation cause. Two failed riots in Mantua (1852) and Milan (1853) were a crippling blow for the Mazzinian organization, whose prestige never recovered. He later opposed the alliance signed by Savoy with Austria for the
4073:("God and People"). Mazzini regarded patriotism as a duty and love for the fatherland as a divine mission, stating that the fatherland was "the home wherein God has placed us, among brothers and sisters linked to us by the family ties of a common religion, history, and language". According to
3637:
discouraged
Mazzini for a long period, which dragged on until 1840. He was also abandoned by Sidoli, who had returned to Italy to rejoin her children. The help of his mother pushed Mazzini to create several organizations aimed at the unification or liberation of other nations, in the wake of
3686:, whose apparently liberal reforms had gained him a momentary status as a possible paladin of the unification of Italy, but The Pope did not reply. He also founded the People's International League. By 8 March 1848, Mazzini was in Paris, where he launched a new political association, the
4055:
harshly criticized
Mazzini, "the religious Mazzini in particular", being "particularly opposed to Mazzini's 'sanctification'". After advocating interventionism in World War I and enlisting, Mussolini "found himself immersed in a patriotic atmosphere permeated by Mazzinian references".
3606:, and exiled from Switzerland. He moved to Paris, where he was again imprisoned on 5 July. He was released only after promising he would move to England. Mazzini, together with a few Italian friends, moved in January 1837 to live in London in very poor economic conditions.
3530:. It was a secret society formed to promote Italian unification: "One, free, independent, republican nation." Mazzini believed that a popular uprising would create a unified Italy, and would touch off a European-wide revolutionary movement. The group's motto was
3584:
Despite this setback, whose victims later created numerous doubts and psychological strife in
Mazzini, he organized another uprising for the following year. A group of Italian exiles were to enter Piedmont from Switzerland and spread the revolution there, while
3495:, a secret association with political purposes. On 31 October of that year, he was arrested at Genoa and interned at Savona. In early 1831, he was released from prison, but confined to a small hamlet. He chose exile instead, moving to Geneva, Switzerland.
4204:
by William R. Denslow lists Mazzini as a Mason and even a Past Grand Master of the Grand Orient of Italy, articles on the Grand Orient of Italy's own website question whether he was ever a regular Mason and do not list him as a Past Grand Master.
3912:, Mazzini is mentioned alongside Garibaldi as outstanding "Italian revolutionaries". Albert Charles Brouse argued that "socialism is found in its entirety in the doctrine of Mazzini", his republicanism being both "democratic and social".
3371:) and spearhead of the Italian revolutionary movement. His efforts helped bring about the independent and unified Italy in place of the several separate states, many dominated by foreign powers, that existed until the 19th century. An
3652:). He also created an Italian school for poor people active from 10 November 1841 at 5 Greville Street, London. From London he also wrote an endless series of letters to his agents in Europe and South America and made friends with
3534:, and its basic principle was the unification of the several states and kingdoms of the peninsula into a single republic as the only true foundation of Italian liberty. The new nation had to be "One, Independent, Free Republic".
4129:("Duties of Man"), published in 1860. Similarly, Mazzini formulated a concept known as "thought and action" in which thought and action must be joined together and every thought must be followed by action, therefore rejecting
3834:("Duties of Man"), a synthesis of his moral, political and social thoughts. In mid-September, he was in Naples, then under Garibaldi's dictatorship, but was invited by the local vice-dictator Giorgio Pallavicino to move away.
4020:, a Mazzinian party, where "there were many who believed the teachings of the Genoese patriot could be compatible with the Marxist doctrine and ... considered an alliance with the left-wing to be legitimate and desirable".
4120:
Mazzini rejected the concept of the "rights of man" which had developed during the Age of Enlightenment, arguing instead that individual rights were a duty to be won through hard work, sacrifice and virtue, rather than
3787:
in Calabria, which again met a disappointing end. Mazzini managed to escape the police but was condemned to death by default. From this moment on, Mazzini was more of a spectator than a protagonist of the
3519:, a Modenese widow who became his lover. In August 1832 Giuditta Sidoli gave birth to a boy, almost certainly Mazzini's son, whom she named Joseph DĂ©mosthĂšne Adolpe Aristide after members of the family of
5347:
4047:. But this movement gradually evolved towards the left. Ordinary democrats of the Mazzini type were no longer persecuted in France after 1830. But to the left of them arose more advanced movements.
4486:
3072:
4031:
described Mazzini as "that impressive Genoese" and "leader of the Italian underground democratic and unitarian movement". About Mazzini and the underground movement, Borkenau further wrote:
3690:. In apologising for not being able to attend the first annual celebration of the Leeds Redemption Society (a communitarian experiment) on 7 January 1847 he offered to become a subscriber.
4450:
3822:("Thought and Action"). On 21 February 1859, together with 151 republicans, he signed a manifesto against the alliance between Piedmont and the Emperor of France which resulted in the
5509:
Dal Lago, Enrico. "We Cherished the Same Hostility to Every Form of Tyranny": Transatlantic Parallels and Contacts between William Lloyd Garrison and Giuseppe Mazzini, 1846â1872."
2528:
4104:("On the Encyclical of Pope Pius IX") in 1849. Although some of his religious views were at odds with the Catholic Church and the Papacy, with his writings often tinged with
3908:
based on the doctrine of individualism, which he criticized as "presupposing either metaphysical materialism or political atheism". In the first volume of Carl Landauer's
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10420:
3523:, with whom Mazzini was staying. The Olliviers took care of the child in June 1833 when Giuditta and Mazzini left for Switzerland. The child died in February 1835.
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3853:. In 1870, he tried to start a rebellion in Sicily and was arrested and imprisoned in Gaeta. In October, he was freed in the amnesty declared after the Kingdom
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3577:) were arrested. The repression was ruthless: 12 participants were executed, while Mazzini's best friend and director of the Genoese section of the
3716:
On 7 April 1848, Mazzini reached Milan, whose population had rebelled against the Austrian garrison and established a provisional government. The
1769:
6439:
2859:
3849:. At this time, Mazzini frequently spoke out against how the unification of his country was being achieved. In 1867, he refused a seat in the
3841:
was created in 1861 under the Savoy monarchy. In 1862, Mazzini joined Garibaldi in his failed attempt to free Rome. In 1866, Italy joined the
4589:
4703:
3660:. The "Young Europe" movement also inspired a group of young Turkish army cadets and students who, later in history, named themselves the "
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gives a biographical sketch of Mazzini and recalls two meetings he had with him when they were both in London in 1851. While the book
3589:, who had recently joined Young Italy, was to do the same from Genoa. However, the Piedmontese troops easily crushed the new attempt.
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the preceding November. On the same day the Republic was declared, Mazzini reached the city. He was appointed, together with
3130:
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2740:
1477:
1417:
4231:, founded in the United States in 1939 by Italian political refugees, took his name and served Italy from exile, as he had.
4100:
upon his election, writing an open letter to him in 1847, Mazzini later published a scathing attack against the pope in his
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Marx, Engels and Modern British Socialism: The Social and Political Thought of H. M. Hyndman, E. B. Bax and William Morris
5001:
Marx, Engels and Modern British Socialism: The Social and Political Thought of H. M. Hyndman, E. B. Bax and William Morris
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In 1843, he organized another riot in Bologna, which attracted the attention of two young officers of the Austrian Navy,
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A cosmopolitanism of nations: Giuseppe Mazzini's writings on democracy, nation building, and international relations
5463:
A Cosmopolitanism of Nations: Giuseppe Mazzini's Writings on Democracy, Nation Building, and International Relations
4405:
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does not matter if one believes or does not believe in God. ... nstead Mazzini wants to impose a new religion on us.
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3549:, especially among several military officers. Young Italy counted about 60,000 adherents in 1833, with branches in
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4004:, Mazzini's socialism was "essentially a religious and moral revival". Mazzini rejected the Marxist doctrines of
3150:
3047:
2493:
2458:
2319:
2314:
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8863:
8637:
4085:'. It was a religion predicated on a 'living faith in one God, one Law, general and immutable ... and one End."
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8259:
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6998:
6293:
6202:
6101:
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5694:
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3951:, to break openly and decisively with both Mazzini and the principles and methods of Mazzinian politics. While
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3733:
3042:
3012:
2844:
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2625:
1755:
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66:
10217:
4235:
3394:
Mazzini's thoughts had a very considerable influence on the Italian and European republican movements, in the
1522:
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and the conquest of Lombardy. On 2 May 1860, he tried to reach Garibaldi, who was going to launch his famous
3067:
3000:
2902:
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290:
1502:
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5169:
Joseph Mazzini. A Memoir By E.a.v. With Two Essays By Mazzini: Thoughts on Democracy, and the Duties of Man
4251:
4212:
3997:'s 'law of attraction'", but "through an emotive process that owed little to rationalisation". As with the
3515:, where he became a popular figure among the Italian exiles. He was a frequent visitor to the apartment of
3481:
3472:("On Dante's Patriotic Love"), published in 1827. In 1828â1829, he collaborated with the Genoese newspaper
2927:
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1680:
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Colin Tyler, âBritish Idealist Engagements with Mazzinianism, 1858-1929,â Journal of Political Ideologies
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In 1856, he returned to Genoa to organize a series of uprisings: the only serious attempt was that of
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Mazzini did a great deal to organize and united this underground movement, known under the name of "
10573:
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4016:. Nonetheless, there was a more radical, socialist interpretation of Mazzini's doctrine within the
3520:
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which was soon closed by the Piedmontese authorities. He then became one of the leading authors of
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4750:(illustrated ed.). Translated by William McCuaig. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 36.
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A succession of failed attempts at promoting further uprisings in Sicily, Abruzzi, Tuscany, and
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Falchi, Federica (2012). "Democrazia e questione femminile nel pensiero di Giuseppe Mazzini" .
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Mazzini's house in Genoa, now seat of the Museum of Risorgimento and of the Mazzinian Institute
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5348:"Storia della Massoneria in Italia: L'influenza di Giuseppe Mazzini nella Massoneria Italiana"
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between 67th and 68th streets just west of the West Drive. The 1973â1974 academic year at the
3864:
at the house known now as Domus Mazziniana in Pisa in 1872, aged 66. His body was embalmed by
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History and Gender in Savarkar's Nationalist Writings. Social Scientist, 34(11/12), pp 33â50.
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and the Paris Commune, had become reactionary and the proletariat had nothing to do with it.
3806:
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and other cities. In that year Mazzini first attempted insurrection, which would spread from
3395:
3363:; 22 June 1805 â 10 March 1872) was an Italian politician, journalist, and activist for the
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Falchi, Federica. "Democracy and the rights of women in the thinking of Giuseppe Mazzini."
4933:
The First Socialist Schism: Bakunin vs. Marx in the International Working Men's Association
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Mazzini spent all of 1850 hiding from the Swiss police. In July he founded the association
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699:
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528:
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10410:
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9462:
9239:
9096:
8817:
8782:
7523:
5180:
Gregor, A. James (2014). "Chapter 3. Marxism, Revolution, and the Making of New Nations".
4345:
3646:", "Young Poland", and "Young Switzerland", which were under the aegis of "Young Europe" (
8:
10863:
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Essays: Selected from the Writings, Literary, Political, and Religious, of Joseph Mazzini
5085:
Five Years of Edera: The Italian Republican Party in Search of a New Identity (1943â1948)
4823:
Italian Democracy and the Socialist Movement: Developments to the Livorno Congress (1921)
4716:
4276:
4271:
4013:
3998:
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government discovered the plot before it could begin and many revolutionaries (including
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2378:
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2201:
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1935:
1903:
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809:
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465:
356:
348:
298:
205:
10320:
9836:
9653:
9193:
9131:
8978:
8807:
7286:
3581:, Jacopo Ruffini, killed himself. Mazzini was tried in absentia and sentenced to death.
10773:
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10197:
10082:
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9867:
9709:
9658:
9571:
9467:
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9275:
9073:
8762:
8654:
8595:
8373:
8254:
8249:
8232:
8227:
7696:
7204:
7141:
6237:
6227:
6156:
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5689:
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5054:
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4150:
4146:
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1957:
1908:
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1487:
1442:
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1177:
952:
867:
586:
278:
273:
9607:
9487:
8684:
7686:
6182:
5789:
5585:
5583:
Four Seminal Thinkers in International Theory: Machiavelli, Grotius, Kant, and Mazzini
5518:
William Lloyd Garrison and Giuseppe Mazzini: Abolition, Democracy, and Radical Reform.
5045:
Keserich, Charles (June 1976). "George D. Herron, « Il nostro americano »".
4641:
3402:
and more nuanced on many politicians of a later period, among them American president
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10593:
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10390:
10315:
10252:
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9382:
9351:
9295:
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9106:
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9013:
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8679:
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8489:
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8002:
7791:
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7379:
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7156:
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4142:
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2488:
2101:
2033:
2011:
1918:
1868:
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1695:
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1392:
1276:
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957:
709:
606:
394:
352:
250:
31:
9999:
9994:
9877:
8714:
8664:
7271:
2126:
992:
450:
10265:
10087:
10004:
9968:
9846:
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9517:
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9502:
9492:
9482:
9457:
9387:
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9285:
8853:
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6759:
6734:
6222:
6136:
6116:
6096:
6070:
5984:
5969:
5753:
5717:
5550:
Ridolfi, Maurizio. "Visions of republicanism in the writings of Giuseppe Mazzini,"
5538:
5268:
4883:
4458:
4186:
4182:
4105:
4052:
4001:
3846:
3838:
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3590:
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3307:
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2176:
2136:
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1923:
1893:
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1382:
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1022:
1007:
917:
847:
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631:
611:
596:
455:
99:
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9648:
9422:
9259:
8923:
8601:
7826:
5422:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/13569317.2024.2369304?needAccess=true
4664:
Which was also reformed in 1840 in Paris, thanks to the help of Giuseppe Lamberti.
4023:
Mazzini's Italian nationalism has been described as "cosmopolitan patriotism". In
3703:
1037:
947:
10664:
10649:
10624:
10548:
10480:
10475:
10470:
10385:
10370:
10325:
10260:
10132:
10102:
9948:
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9826:
9749:
9739:
9689:
9597:
9472:
9366:
9305:
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9167:
9111:
9028:
9018:
8838:
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8777:
8744:
8617:
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8505:
8494:
8279:
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7871:
7831:
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7751:
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7691:
7676:
7651:
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7374:
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7304:
7126:
7121:
6978:
6973:
6953:
6941:
6262:
6232:
6151:
6039:
5765:
5465:
Recchia, Stefano, and Urbinati, Nadia, editors. Princeton University Press, 2009.
5272:
4378:
4228:
4216:
4165:, she witnessed almost every fight that had brought on the unification of Italy.
4130:
4074:
3994:
3928:
3897:
3854:
3741:
3463:
ideology, while his mother Maria Drago was renowned for her beauty and religious
3260:
2181:
2091:
2056:
1974:
1873:
1845:
1745:
1437:
1422:
1062:
942:
902:
877:
857:
804:
789:
641:
636:
505:
500:
490:
445:
420:
340:
86:
10045:
8983:
8378:
5740:
842:
669:
10588:
10558:
10523:
10513:
10495:
10400:
10360:
10295:
10167:
10097:
9938:
9923:
9851:
9795:
9785:
9754:
9734:
9643:
9566:
9546:
9531:
9452:
9412:
9116:
9068:
8998:
8893:
8873:
8812:
8709:
8573:
8499:
8269:
8177:
8167:
7896:
7771:
7756:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7666:
7641:
7596:
7576:
7438:
7409:
7384:
7339:
7319:
7281:
7236:
7116:
7106:
6963:
6794:
6607:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6197:
6187:
6029:
5870:
5844:
5666:
Mozart e Mazzini â Paesaggi poetico-musicali tra flauti magici e voci "segrete"
5613:
4208:
4040:
4028:
4005:
3784:
3653:
3648:
3570:
3411:
3403:
3203:
2824:
2762:
2447:
2261:
2251:
2221:
2141:
2116:
2066:
2028:
2006:
1930:
1913:
1898:
1675:
1402:
1368:
1167:
1157:
1112:
1072:
1067:
1012:
1002:
997:
982:
912:
897:
882:
872:
784:
684:
674:
664:
10603:
10172:
9198:
9162:
8973:
4737:
Which, apparently, was to follow a plan previously devised by Mazzini himself.
4634:
4462:
967:
10752:
10598:
10563:
10553:
10533:
10465:
10415:
10280:
10270:
10055:
10030:
9918:
9892:
9780:
9561:
9432:
9038:
8968:
8943:
8933:
8888:
8588:
8202:
8032:
7942:
7891:
7861:
7851:
7781:
7776:
7766:
7626:
7616:
7606:
7581:
7448:
7426:
7344:
7251:
7224:
7209:
7151:
6834:
6141:
6126:
6106:
6075:
5927:
5774:
5684:
4239:
4109:
3980:
3920:
3892:
and envisioned a united, free and independent Italy. Unlike his contemporary
3889:
3777:
3745:
3643:
3380:
3077:
2977:
2972:
2964:
2757:
2580:
2001:
1979:
1964:
1512:
1346:
1316:
1226:
1132:
1127:
1102:
1082:
922:
794:
769:
744:
729:
719:
704:
659:
425:
401:
373:
82:
9790:
4125:" which were intrinsically owed to man. Mazzini outlined his thought in his
3927:
to refer to Mazzini as a reactionary after 1848. It also prompted anarchist
2361:
10568:
10543:
10518:
10485:
10455:
10375:
10335:
10237:
10182:
10092:
10060:
10050:
10035:
9775:
9638:
9628:
9602:
9447:
9402:
9126:
9058:
9048:
8988:
8938:
8883:
8694:
8612:
8583:
8434:
8182:
7866:
7856:
7846:
7711:
7706:
7646:
7621:
7591:
7586:
7493:
7488:
7334:
7214:
6948:
6884:
6754:
6744:
6739:
6658:
6648:
6592:
6482:
6283:
6177:
5954:
5860:
5716:. Vol. I (1870â1875). London: Macmillan and Co. 1892. pp. 83â91.
5578:
5493:
Giuseppe Mazzini and the Globalisation of Democratic Nationalism, 1830â1920
5022:
Giuseppe Mazzini and the Globalization of Democratic Nationalism, 1830â1920
4255:
4220:
4097:
3989:
wrote that Mazzini "had arrived at similar conclusions", referring to "the
3865:
3756:
3683:
2563:
2427:
2324:
2226:
2191:
2111:
1182:
1162:
1147:
1107:
1092:
1052:
987:
972:
862:
764:
430:
9933:
5557:
Sarti, Roland. "Giuseppe Mazzini and his Opponents" in John A. Davis, ed.
4810:
A History of Socialist Thought: Social Thought, the Forerunners, 1789â1850
4451:"The Prophetic Voices of the Risorgimento and the Anti-Fascist Resistance"
4189:, to describe their political ideology and spiritual conception of life.
3682:
In 1847, he moved again to London, where he wrote a long "open letter" to
10583:
10450:
10300:
9897:
9800:
9744:
9551:
9417:
9121:
9053:
8787:
8648:
8607:
8556:
8429:
8341:
7881:
7876:
7811:
7806:
7656:
7528:
7483:
7473:
7266:
7261:
7199:
7136:
6919:
6894:
6819:
6779:
6749:
6724:
6704:
6683:
6663:
6643:
6633:
6602:
6467:
6207:
4825:. Stanford: Department of Political Science, Stanford University. p. 162.
4247:
4243:
4197:
4036:
4009:
3773:
3761:
3736:
was declared in Rome, with Pius IX already having been forced to flee to
3661:
3562:
3527:
3399:
2772:
2660:
2615:
2575:
2368:
2256:
2121:
1969:
1660:
1197:
1137:
1087:
1032:
827:
759:
485:
480:
344:
303:
180:
5698:. Vol. XIII (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. pp. 225â226.
5498:
Claeys, Gregory. "Mazzini, Kossuth, and British Radicalism, 1848â1854,"
5058:
4982:(illustrated, reprinted ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 355.
4728:
J F C Harrison Social Reform in Victorian Leeds, Thoresby Society 1954 3
3868:. His funeral was held in Genoa, with 100,000 people taking part in it.
3554:
1740:
9704:
9023:
9003:
8993:
8642:
8479:
8264:
8072:
7972:
7821:
7741:
7513:
7404:
7246:
7189:
7166:
7131:
7080:
7070:
7038:
6983:
6809:
6789:
6714:
6678:
6582:
6567:
6492:
6417:
6406:
4523:
3965:
3423:
2508:
2356:
2351:
2171:
2096:
1989:
1984:
1700:
1690:
1152:
1117:
1042:
1027:
962:
887:
832:
734:
679:
558:
543:
200:
5571:
Urbinati, Nadia. "Mazzini and the making of the republican ideology."
5503:
3955:
praised Mazzini as "the 'saviour' and teacher of Italy", it insisted:
3439:
3073:
Universal League for the Material Elevation of the Industrious Classes
3062:
10365:
9694:
9576:
8908:
8627:
7962:
7901:
7458:
7101:
7028:
7013:
6934:
6854:
6849:
6774:
6729:
6709:
6688:
6673:
6653:
6638:
6502:
6462:
5907:
5657:
4678:
Londra dei cospiratori. L'esilio londinese dei padri del Risorgimento
4065:
3924:
3795:, whose reins were now strongly in the hands of the Savoyard monarch
3626:
in London, and on 10 November of the same year, he began issuing the
3603:
3512:
3492:
3464:
3210:
1947:
1172:
852:
548:
440:
3876:
3387:
inspiration, Mazzini helped define the modern European movement for
27:
Italian nationalist activist, politician, journalist and philosopher
10505:
8237:
7816:
7553:
7146:
7111:
7085:
7065:
7018:
6829:
6784:
6668:
6572:
6562:
6527:
6497:
5683: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
5617:, London: Cassell and Company, Limited, 1939; second edition, 1946.
5592:
Influence of Mazzini on Damodar Savarkar and the Free India Society
3861:
3542:
3456:
2016:
1952:
1835:
1017:
774:
538:
475:
50:
141:
10177:
8928:
8519:
8274:
8187:
7075:
7043:
7033:
6804:
6764:
6597:
6522:
6507:
6487:
4858:
Mazzini, Giuseppe; Recchia, Stefano; Urbinati, Nadia ed. (2009).
3672:
3546:
3538:
3488:
2558:
2038:
30:"Mazzini" redirects here. For other people with the surname, see
4455:
Prophetic Times: Visions of Emancipation in the History of Italy
4153:
as the "Bravest Woman of Modern Time". Mario joined Garibaldi's
8622:
7023:
6824:
6612:
6587:
6577:
6547:
6532:
5692:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Mazzini, Giuseppe".
5302:
As If God Existed: Religion and Liberty in the History of Italy
4321:
4122:
4093:
3032:
2529:
International Entente of Radical and Similar Democratic Parties
2498:
694:
8310:
4772:
Mussolini's Fascist Philosopher: Giovanni Gentile Reconsidered
3340:
3284:
7053:
6542:
6477:
5710:"JOSEPH MAZZINI (Obituary Notice, Tuesday, March 12, 1872)".
3919:
revolt in France that led to the creation of the short-lived
3737:
3566:
3550:
3448:
3328:
3313:
137:
5234:
5232:
4854:
4852:
3503:
8578:
7048:
6472:
4622:
Though an adherent of the group, Mazzini was not Christian.
3915:
In 1871, Mazzini condemned the radical, anti-religious and
3346:
3290:
158:
5530:
Finelli, Michele. "Mazzini in Italian Historical Memory."
4912:
Access to History: The Unification of Italy: Third Edition
4173:
Mazzini's socio-political thought has been referred to as
3537:
Mazzini's political activism met some success in Tuscany,
6617:
6512:
5229:
4931:
Eckhardt, Wolfgang (2016). "The International in Italy".
4849:
4537:
Hunt, Lynn; Martin, Thomas R.; and Rosenwein, Barbara H.
3702:
Citizens shot for reading Mazzini Journals (Compare with
3272:
4896:"The Retrospective History of the World's Working Class"
4766:
4764:
4351:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
4096:
was not always a kind one. While he initially supported
3725:
him. Mazzini was one of the founders and leaders of the
5819:
3933:
The Political Theology of Mazzini and the International
3484:, until this paper was closed down by the authorities.
2310:
Association of Radicals for the United States of Europe
4141:
In "Duties of Man", Mazzini called for recognition of
3803:. The latter defined him as "Chief of the Assassins".
3468:
dramatist and in the same year wrote his first essay,
1374:
5713:
Eminent Persons: Biographies reprinted from The Times
5146:
Sullam, Simon Levis (2015). "Mussolini and Mazzini".
4761:
3818:
In 1858, he founded another journal in London called
3729:, the first organized party in the history of Italy.
3343:
3337:
3287:
3281:
5652:
Omodeo, Adolfo (1934). "Introduzione a G. Mazzini".
5242:(illustrated ed.). Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 58.
5182:
Marxism and the Making of China: A Doctrinal History
4884:"Interview with Karl Marx, head of L'Internationale"
4836:
Mazzini e Linton: una democrazia europea (1845-1855)
3331:
3316:
3275:
5668:, Malgrate, Palazzo Agudio, 25 agosto 2007, ore 21.
5291:. 13 April 1906. p. 13. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
5285:"Bravest Woman of Modern Times, Jessie White Mario"
5024:(illustrated ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press/
4894:on 12 August 1871 and in World History Archives as
4878:
4876:
4799:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 229.
4487:
Delphi Complete Works of Algernon Charles Swinburne
4403:
3334:
3325:
3319:
3310:
3278:
3269:
5218:(reprint ed.). London: Chapman & Hall. p. 52.
4633:
4133:and the notion of divorcing theory from practice.
5129:(reprinted ed.). Milton: Routledge. pp. 101â102.
4702:Directly in the person of the Foreign Secretary,
4631:
3830:in southern Italy. In the same year, he released
3526:Mazzini organized a new political society called
10750:
5400:"In search of London's Little Italy â Londonist"
4906:
4904:
4873:
4457:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 167â238,
3459:, was a university professor who had adhered to
5688:
5672:
5205:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 51.
4862:. New Haven: Princeton University Press. p. 6.
5502:vol. 28, no. 3 (July 1989), pp. 225â261.
4746:Rosselli, Carlo; Urbinati, Nadia, ed. (2017).
4181:, terms that were later used by Mussolini and
3455:. His father Giacomo Mazzini, originally from
2860:Radical Movement of Social Democratic Alliance
2479:Free Democratic Party/Radical Democratic Party
2421:Democratic Union-Agricultural and Labour Party
8326:
6433:
5805:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4901:
4774:. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. p. 59â60.
4672:
4670:
3235:
1763:
6939:
5612:The Living Thoughts of Mazzini Presented by
5566:Mazzini: A Life for the Religion of Politics
5451:(1860). J.M. Dent & Sons, London, 1907.
4704:George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
4558:Mazzini: A Life for the Religion of Politics
6875:
5679:
5581:; Wight, Gabriele, and Porter, Brian, eds.
5491:Bayly, C. A., and Eugenio F. Biagini, eds.
5148:Giuseppe Mazzini and the Origins of Fascism
4242:, which is now marked with a commemorative
3671:. With Mazzini's support, they landed near
3618:Blue plaque, 183 North Gower Street, London
8333:
8319:
6440:
6426:
5812:
5798:
5559:Italy in the Nineteenth Century: 1796â1900
5537:
5020:Bayly, Cristopher; Biagini. E. F. (2008).
4967:
4667:
4561:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 61.
4533:
4531:
4410:(in Italian). Vol. 72. Rome: Treccani
4344:
3242:
3228:
1770:
1756:
49:
10839:Italian people of the Italian unification
5938:Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states
5520:(Louisiana State University Press, 2013).
4292:Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states
3451:, which had recently been annexed by the
2728:Progressive Democratic Party of the North
2384:Czech Constitutionalist Progressive Party
6447:
5087:. Rome: Edizioni Nuova Cultura. p. 228.
4910:Pearce, Robert; Stiles, Andrina (2006).
4207:
3970:
3875:
3857:and returned to London in mid-December.
3805:
3755:
3697:
3613:
3602:On 28 May 1834, Mazzini was arrested at
3502:
3438:
2666:Partido Ecologista Radical Intransigente
186:Italian National Association (1848â1853)
8023:Reflections on the Revolution in France
6356:Anniversary of the Unification of Italy
6025:Brigandage in Southern Italy after 1861
5731:– via HathiTrust Digital Library.
5184:(illustrated ed.). New York: Springer.
5150:(illustrated ed.). New York: Springer.
4545:. Boston: Bedford/Saint Martin's, 2008.
4528:
3622:On 30 April 1840, Mazzini reformed the
3498:
1327:Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch
14:
10751:
5651:
5642:
5633:
5003:. London: Springer Nature. pp. 29â30.
4770:Moss, M. E.; Moss, Micheal S. (2004).
4448:
4157:for the 1859â1860 campaign during the
3975:Photograph of Mazzini by Domenico Lama
3760:Last page of a letter from Mazzini to
3053:Stratford Dialectical and Radical Club
10680:Romanticism and the French Revolution
8314:
6421:
5793:
5664:Giuseppe Leone e Roberto Zambonini, "
5376:. londonremembers.com. Archived from
5374:"Giuseppe Mazzini â London Remembers"
4554:
4399:
4397:
4115:
3776:. Also in vain was the expedition of
3358:
1478:1946 Italian institutional referendum
1418:Spanish American wars of independence
6320:Museum of the Risorgimento (Bologna)
6020:Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy
5127:Socialism: National or International
4838:. Florence: Leo S. Olschki. p. 205.
4484:Swinburne, Algernon Charles (2013).
4025:Socialism: National or International
3888:, Mazzini was a fervent advocate of
3693:
2621:Movement for Constitutional Freedoms
2404:Democratic Socialist Party of Greece
8133:The End of History and the Last Man
8043:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
6361:National Unity and Armed Forces Day
5608:(Princeton University Press, 2009).
5511:American Nineteenth Century History
5475:"Is it Revolt or a Revolution?" in
3709:The Execution of Emperor Maximilian
2988:Republican Democratic Concentration
2474:Federal Democratic Republican Party
1247:The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates
24:
6335:Museum of the Risorgimento (Turin)
6325:Museum of the Risorgimento (Milan)
6000:Second Italian War of Independence
5750:Works by or about Giuseppe Mazzini
5627:
5598:
5485:
5449:The Duties of Man and Other Essays
5108:. London: Springer Nature. p. 30.
4640:. Yale University Press. pp.
4394:
4159:Second Italian War of Independence
3824:Second War of Italian Independence
3751:
3720:, started by the Piedmontese king
3609:
3491:, where he became a member of the
2960:Radical Socialist Republican Party
25:
10920:
10909:19th-century Italian philosophers
10874:People of the Revolutions of 1848
10799:Freemasonry-related controversies
6330:Museum of the Risorgimento (Rome)
6035:Third Italian War of Independence
6005:United Provinces of Central Italy
5960:First Italian War of Independence
5703:
5573:Journal of Modern Italian Studies
5552:Journal of Modern Italian Studies
5547:, a standard scholarly biography.
5532:Journal of Modern Italian Studies
4246:. A plaque on Laystall Street in
4136:
3947:and grouped around the newspaper
3718:First Italian War of Independence
2636:National Progressive Center Union
79:5 February â 3 July 1849
10733:
10732:
8103:The Open Society and Its Enemies
5884:
5678:
5329:Shurz, Carl (1907). "XIIIâXIV".
5167:Venturi, Emilie Ashurst (1875).
4952:Raddatz, Fritz J. (1978) [1975)
4555:Sarti, Roland (1 January 1997).
3799:and his skilled prime minister,
3306:
3265:
3209:
3197:
2586:Liberals, Democrats and Radicals
2534:Italian Democratic Liberal Party
2433:Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party
1739:
1267:Discourses Concerning Government
372:
8340:
6910:Family as a model for the state
5736:Mazzini's influence on Savarkar
5645:L'etĂ del Risorgimento italiano
5586:Oxford: Oxford University Press
5414:
5392:
5366:
5340:
5323:
5318:Origins and Doctrine of Fascism
5314:Origins and Doctrine of Fascism
5307:
5294:
5278:
5253:
5208:
5195:
5174:
5161:
5140:
5119:
5098:
5077:
5064:
5049:. Soveria: Rubbettino Editore.
5039:
5014:
4993:
4956:. Boston: Little Brown. p. 66.
4946:
4925:
4892:Woodhull & Claflin's Weekly
4828:
4821:Brouse, Albert Charles (1962).
4815:
4802:
4785:
4740:
4731:
4722:
4709:
4696:
4683:
4658:
4625:
4616:
4582:
4548:
3688:Associazione Nazionale Italiana
3630:("Apostleship of the People").
3418:, Indian independence activist
3379:tradition and a proponent of a
2494:Free-thinking Democratic League
2315:Authentic Radical Liberal Party
1533:Barbadian Republic Proclamation
10824:Italian independence activists
10784:Critics of the Catholic Church
8260:Separation of church and state
8158:Collectivism and individualism
8113:The Origins of Totalitarianism
6294:Francis II of the Two Sicilies
6102:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour
6050:Italian entry into World War I
5695:New International Encyclopedia
5402:. londonist.com. 24 April 2018
4980:Garibaldi: Invention of a Hero
4516:
4501:
4478:
4449:Viroli, Maurizio, ed. (2023),
4442:
4379:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
4366:
4338:
4309:
4234:In London, Mazzini resided at
3801:Camillo Benso, Conte di Cavour
3764:when both were in London, 1851
3487:In 1827, Mazzini travelled to
3434:
2626:National and Social Liberation
2335:Union of the Democratic Centre
1468:1935 Greek coup d'Ă©tat attempt
1448:German Revolution of 1918â1919
13:
1:
10703:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
8300:Category:Political philosophy
8173:Critique of political economy
6147:Annibale Santore di Santarosa
5722:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t6n011x45
5623:, London: Walter Scott, 1887.
5481:, June 1840, pp. 385â390
4898:. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
4691:Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet
4354:(5th ed.). HarperCollins
4302:
4161:. As a correspondent for the
4102:Sull'Enciclica di Papa Pio IX
3422:, and Israeli prime minister
3360:[dÊuËzÉppematËtsiËni]
3068:Union, Progress and Democracy
2676:Party of Independence and '48
2671:Party of Democratic Socialism
2443:European Republicans Movement
10889:19th-century Italian lawyers
8198:Institutional discrimination
8193:History of political thought
6925:Negative and positive rights
6218:Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi
5913:Revolutions during the 1820s
5673:Partial text of this article
5350:(in Italian). Archived from
5273:10.1080/13532944.2012.640424
4860:A Cosmopolitanism of Nations
4812:. London: Macmillan. p. 281.
4680:, Marco Tropea Editore, 2010
4404:Giuseppe Monsagrati (2008).
3810:Mausoleum of Mazzini in the
3482:Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi
3429:
2394:Democratic Left of Catalonia
1943:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
1718:Republic without republicans
1463:11 September 1922 Revolution
1458:Mongolian Revolution of 1921
7:
10809:Italian liberal politicians
8208:Justification for the state
7993:Two Treatises of Government
6397:Revisionism of Risorgimento
5975:Sicilian revolution of 1848
5856:Kingdom of LombardyâVenetia
5851:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
5500:Journal of British Studies,
5469:
5240:The Political Theory Reader
5201:Mazzini, Giuseppe (1921) .
5070:Joan Campbell (1992, 1998)
4954:Marx: A Political Biography
4882:Landor, R. (18 July 1871).
4541:, Volume C ("Since 1740"):
4265:
4192:In the first volume of his
4069:rationalism. His motto was
4059:
4027:, first published in 1942,
3871:
3851:Italian Chamber of Deputies
3669:Attilio and Emilio Bandiera
3058:Transnational Radical Party
2820:Radical Federative Movement
2716:Portuguese Republican Party
2706:Political Party of Radicals
2399:Democratic-Republican Party
2374:Czech National Social Party
1453:Turkish War of Independence
1375:
10:
10925:
10899:University of Genoa alumni
10814:Exiled Italian politicians
10620:Coleridge's theory of life
6878:Bellum omnium contra omnes
6304:Joseph Radetzky von Radetz
6010:Expedition of the Thousand
5876:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
5759:Biography at cronologia.it
5214:Mazzini, Giuseppe (1862).
5074:; Greenwood Press; p. 253.
4834:Mestallone, Salvo (2007).
4632:Mack Smith, Denis (1994).
4297:Roman Republic (1849â1850)
4108:, Mazzini also criticized
4043:than previously under the
3880:Mazzini late in his career
3828:Expedition of the Thousand
3569:, and Genoa. However, the
3480:, published at Livorno by
2753:Progressive People's Party
2484:Free-minded People's Party
1508:1970 Cambodian coup d'Ă©tat
1257:The Commonwealth of Oceana
29:
10712:
10675:Romanticism and economics
10612:
10504:
10251:
10073:
10018:
9987:
9911:
9860:
9809:
9768:
9677:
9621:
9585:
9539:
9530:
9375:
9319:
9268:
9227:
9186:
9140:
9082:
8952:
8831:
8753:
8690:Manuel AntĂŽnio de Almeida
8672:
8663:
8549:
8417:
8348:
8295:
8145:
7914:
7562:
7295:
7175:
7094:
7006:
6997:
6863:
6697:
6626:
6455:
6369:
6348:
6312:
6289:Franz Joseph I of Austria
6276:
6166:Literature and philosophy
6165:
6084:
6063:
6015:Dictatorship of Garibaldi
5893:
5882:
5831:
5776:"Mazzini, Giuseppe"
5741:Works by Giuseppe Mazzini
5634:Chabod, Federico (1967).
5478:Tait's Edinburgh Magazine
4463:10.1017/9781009233170.004
4177:and his worldview as the
4168:
4051:When he was a socialist,
4012:, stressing the need for
3993:ideas of association and
3780:in Carrara of 1853â1854.
3511:In 1831, Mazzini went to
3470:Dell'amor patrio di Dante
3406:, British prime minister
2910:Radical Party of the Left
2789:Radical Democratic Party
2438:European Radical Alliance
2409:Georgios Papandreou Party
2330:Centre Union â New Forces
1681:The Emperor's New Clothes
1433:5 October 1910 revolution
1428:French Revolution of 1848
451:Liberty as non-domination
384:
380:
371:
366:
362:
334:
312:
289:
266:
243:
239:
231:
211:
199:
173:
165:
148:
124:
119:
115:
105:
93:
72:
64:
60:
48:
41:
10854:Italian social democrats
8455:German historical school
8083:The Revolt of the Masses
5554:(2008) 13#4 pp. 468â479.
5545:. Yale University Press.
5534:(2008) 13#4 pp. 486â491.
5430:
5316:Giovanni Gentile (1932)
5238:Schumaker, Paul (2010).
5125:Borkenau, Franz (2013).
5104:Flahert, Seamus (2020).
5083:Berardi, Silvio (2017).
4999:Flahert, Seamus (2020).
4262:was named in his honor.
4227:of him. The antifascist
4202:10,000 Famous Freemasons
4088:In his 1835 publication
4018:Italian Republican Party
3517:Giuditta Bellerio Sidoli
3420:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
3414:, Indian prime minister
2944:Radical Socialist Party
2935:Radical Republican Party
2549:Italian Republican Party
2454:German Free-minded Party
1523:1987 Fijian coups d'Ă©tat
1483:1952 Egyptian revolution
461:Political representation
10859:Italian social liberals
10804:Italian anti-communists
9102:JĂłzef Ignacy Kraszewski
8063:The Communist Manifesto
6989:Tyranny of the majority
6900:Consent of the governed
6268:Francesco Saverio Salfi
6258:Gian Domenico Romagnosi
5643:Omodeo, Adolfo (1955).
5300:Maurizio Viroli (2012)
4914:. London: Hachette UK.
4808:Cole, G. D. H. (1953).
4791:Landauer, Carl (1960).
4715:In the person of Baron
4689:By the Home Secretary,
4328:Oxford University Press
4149:, who was described by
3917:revolutionary socialist
3391:in a republican state.
3169:Conservative liberalism
3048:Socialist Radical Party
3043:Social Democratic Party
2914:Radical People's Party
2894:Radical Party of Chile
2785:Radical Democracy Party
2685:People's Radical Party
2656:Opportunist Republicans
2606:Manhood Suffrage League
2571:Labour Democratic Party
2347:Colombian Liberal Party
2305:Alsatian Progress Party
2300:Alfarista Radical Front
1503:1969 Libyan coup d'Ă©tat
1287:Discourse on Inequality
436:Consent of the governed
256:19th-century philosophy
10894:Journalists from Genoa
10879:Politicians from Genoa
10685:Romanticism in science
10640:Middle Ages in history
10635:List of Romantic poets
9347:Josiah Gilbert Holland
6940:
6890:Clash of civilizations
6876:
6299:Klemens von Metternich
5866:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
5821:Unification of Italy (
5782:Encyclopedia Americana
5337:. New York: McClure's.
5289:The Pittsburgh Gazette
5171:. Henry S. King. p. 2.
4543:The Making of the West
4236:155 North Gower Street
4223:
4049:
3976:
3962:
3881:
3815:
3765:
3713:
3619:
3600:
3508:
3478:L'Indicatore Livornese
3444:
2829:Radical Liberal Party
2631:National Radical Party
10655:Romantic epistemology
10645:Opium and Romanticism
9214:StojadinoviÄ-Srpkinja
8440:Counter-Enlightenment
6905:Divine right of kings
6340:Tricolour Flag Museum
6112:Federico Confalonieri
5943:Republic of San Marco
5764:20 April 2007 at the
5575:17.2 (2012): 183â204.
5513:13.3 (2012): 293â319.
5072:European Labor Unions
4935:. Oakland: PM Press.
4507:King, Bolton (2019).
4324:UK English Dictionary
4211:
4033:
3974:
3957:
3879:
3809:
3759:
3701:
3617:
3595:
3507:Mazzini in Marseilles
3506:
3474:L'Indicatore Genovese
3442:
3396:Constitution of Italy
3216:Liberalism portal
2641:National Reform Union
2611:Mexican Liberal Party
2601:Liberal Swedish Party
2539:Italian Radical Party
2459:German People's Party
1841:History of liberalism
1671:Criticism of monarchy
1493:North Yemen civil war
1307:The Federalist Papers
602:Federal parliamentary
144:, First French Empire
81:Serving with
10834:Italian nationalists
10829:Italian male writers
10794:Deaths from pleurisy
10719:Age of Enlightenment
8361:England (literature)
8053:Democracy in America
7432:political philosophy
7415:political philosophy
7230:political philosophy
7059:political philosophy
6969:Separation of powers
6930:Night-watchman state
6915:Monopoly on violence
6449:Political philosophy
5995:PlombiĂšres Agreement
4978:Riall, Lucy (2007).
4676:Verdecchia, Enrico.
4539:Peoples and Cultures
4179:Mazzinian conception
3979:For Seamus Flahert,
3906:Age of Enlightenment
3732:On 9 February 1849,
3499:Failed insurrections
3447:Mazzini was born in
3365:unification of Italy
3184:Liberalism in Europe
3174:History of socialism
2969:Radicals of the Left
2554:Jacksonian Democrats
2524:Independent Radicals
2342:Civic Workers' Party
1889:Classical radicalism
1879:Classical liberalism
1814:Atlantic Revolutions
1809:Age of Enlightenment
1656:Classical radicalism
1398:Republic of Florence
1337:Democracy in America
496:Separation of powers
471:Public participation
10869:Liberalism in Italy
10849:Italian republicans
10670:Romantic psychology
8465:Hudson River School
8409:Sweden (literature)
8394:Russia (literature)
8243:Right-wing politics
8123:A Theory of Justice
8093:The Road to Serfdom
8013:The Social Contract
6720:Christian democracy
6387:Italian nationalism
6382:Italian irredentism
6377:Altare della Patria
6173:Giovanni Arrivabene
5980:Ten Days of Brescia
5933:Revolutions of 1848
5918:Revolutions of 1830
5903:Rimini Proclamation
5841:Kingdom of Sardinia
5604:Mazzini, Giuseppe.
5527:17#1 (2012): 15â30.
5380:on 10 February 2012
4717:Philipp von Neumann
4510:The Life of Mazzini
4490:. Delphi Classics.
4334:on 3 December 2021.
4317:"Mazzini, Giuseppe"
4277:Italian unification
4272:Italian nationalism
4045:Bourbon restoration
4014:class collaboration
3999:Christian socialist
3937:Revolutions of 1848
3886:Italian nationalist
3843:Austro-Prussian War
3628:Apostolato popolare
3559:Kingdom of Sardinia
3521:DĂ©mosthĂšne Ollivier
3453:First French Empire
3373:Italian nationalist
3179:Irish republicanism
2940:Radical Republicans
2768:Radical Civic Union
2514:Historical Far Left
2504:Giustizia e LibertĂ
2379:Czech Realist Party
1936:Left-libertarianism
1904:Freedom of movement
1884:Cultural radicalism
1819:American Revolution
1746:Politics portal
1551:Antigua and Barbuda
1498:Zanzibar Revolution
1408:American Revolution
1297:The Social Contract
466:Popular sovereignty
357:class collaboration
299:Italian nationalism
206:University of Genoa
10884:Lawyers from Genoa
10819:Italian Freemasons
10789:Critics of Marxism
10779:Critics of atheism
8655:White Mountain art
8596:Historical fiction
8404:Spain (literature)
8255:Political violence
8250:Political theology
8233:Left-wing politics
8228:Political spectrum
6238:Alessandro Manzoni
6228:Francesco Lomonaco
6157:Victor Emmanuel II
6122:Giuseppe Garibaldi
5965:Five Days of Milan
5833:Pre-unitary states
5561:(2000) pp. 74â107.
5516:Dal Lago, Enrico.
4793:European Socialism
4522:Kumar, M. (2006).
4287:Giuseppe Garibaldi
4282:Jessie White Mario
4224:
4151:Giuseppe Garibaldi
4147:Jessie White Mario
4116:Thought and action
4064:Influenced by his
3977:
3953:Il Gazzettino Rosa
3949:Il Gazzettino Rosa
3910:European Socialism
3904:principles of the
3894:Giuseppe Garibaldi
3882:
3816:
3812:Staglieno cemetery
3797:Victor Emmanuel II
3766:
3714:
3620:
3587:Giuseppe Garibaldi
3557:(then part of the
3532:God and the People
3509:
3445:
3408:David Lloyd George
3377:historical radical
3204:History portal
2845:Radical Left Party
2732:Progressive Party
2177:Mill (John Stuart)
1958:Left-wing populism
1831:Belgian Revolution
1712:Primus inter pares
1528:Nepalese Civil War
1518:Iranian Revolution
1488:14 July Revolution
1443:Russian Revolution
1438:Chinese Revolution
1388:Republic of Venice
1237:Discourses on Livy
279:Italian philosophy
274:Western philosophy
161:, Kingdom of Italy
10746:
10745:
10660:Romantic medicine
10630:List of romantics
10069:
10068:
9720:Felix Mendelssohn
9715:Fanny Mendelssohn
9526:
9525:
9240:RosalĂa de Castro
9178:Soares dos Passos
8526:Transcendentalism
8490:Nazarene movement
8450:DĂŒsseldorf School
8308:
8307:
8218:Philosophy of law
8163:Conflict theories
8003:The Spirit of Law
7910:
7909:
6959:Original position
6415:
6414:
6402:Southern question
6213:Vincenzo Gioberti
6193:Felice Cavallotti
6092:Massimo d'Azeglio
6045:Law of Guarantees
5745:Project Gutenberg
5636:L'idea di nazione
5539:Mack Smith, Denis
5354:on 7 January 2014
5216:The Duties of Man
4748:Liberal Socialism
4598:www.mtholyoke.edu
4568:978-0-275-95080-4
4472:978-1-009-23321-7
4424:cite encyclopedia
4407:Mazzini, Giuseppe
4382:. Merriam-Webster
4260:College of Europe
4254:is in New York's
3987:Christopher Bayly
3945:Felice Cavallotti
3902:classical liberal
3855:finally took Rome
3820:Pensiero e azione
3694:1848â1849 revolts
3677:Kingdom of Naples
3575:Vincenzo Gioberti
3545:, and his native
3389:popular democracy
3385:social-democratic
3252:
3251:
2983:Republican Action
2780:Radical Democracy
2596:Liberal Reformers
2519:Independence Club
2489:Free-minded Union
2034:Utopian socialism
2012:Social liberalism
1919:Liberal socialism
1869:Civic nationalism
1824:French Revolution
1780:
1779:
1723:Republican empire
1696:List of republics
1545:National variants
1473:Spanish Civil War
1413:French Revolution
1393:Republic of Genoa
1277:The Spirit of Law
1210:Theoretical works
554:Neo-republicanism
388:
387:
353:popular democracy
251:Modern philosophy
234:Philosophy career
32:Mazzini (surname)
16:(Redirected from
10916:
10844:Italian radicals
10769:Burials in Italy
10736:
10735:
10695:Evolution theory
9537:
9536:
8670:
8669:
8531:Ukrainian school
8335:
8328:
8321:
8312:
8311:
8223:Political ethics
8213:Machiavellianism
8153:Authoritarianism
8138:
8128:
8118:
8108:
8098:
8088:
8078:
8068:
8058:
8048:
8038:
8028:
8018:
8008:
7998:
7988:
7978:
7968:
7958:
7948:
7938:
7928:
7004:
7003:
6945:
6881:
6871:Balance of power
6845:Social democracy
6840:Social Darwinism
6815:Multiculturalism
6760:Environmentalism
6735:Communitarianism
6442:
6435:
6428:
6419:
6418:
6223:Giacomo Leopardi
6203:Giuseppe Ferrari
6137:Bettino Ricasoli
6132:Giuseppe Mazzini
6117:Francesco Crispi
6097:Agostino Bertani
6071:Cockade of Italy
6055:Impresa di Fiume
5985:Belfiore martyrs
5970:Sortie on Mestre
5888:
5814:
5807:
5800:
5791:
5790:
5786:
5778:
5770:
5754:Internet Archive
5732:
5730:
5728:
5699:
5682:
5681:
5661:
5648:
5639:
5638:. Bari: Laterza.
5546:
5437:Warfare Against
5424:
5418:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5407:
5396:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5385:
5370:
5364:
5363:
5361:
5359:
5344:
5338:
5327:
5321:
5311:
5305:
5298:
5292:
5282:
5276:
5257:
5251:
5236:
5227:
5212:
5206:
5199:
5193:
5178:
5172:
5165:
5159:
5144:
5138:
5123:
5117:
5102:
5096:
5081:
5075:
5068:
5062:
5043:
5037:
5018:
5012:
4997:
4991:
4976:
4965:
4950:
4944:
4929:
4923:
4908:
4899:
4880:
4871:
4856:
4847:
4832:
4826:
4819:
4813:
4806:
4800:
4789:
4783:
4768:
4759:
4744:
4738:
4735:
4729:
4726:
4720:
4713:
4707:
4700:
4694:
4687:
4681:
4674:
4665:
4662:
4656:
4655:
4639:
4629:
4623:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4604:on 16 April 2019
4600:. Archived from
4586:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4575:
4552:
4546:
4535:
4526:
4520:
4514:
4505:
4499:
4482:
4476:
4475:
4446:
4440:
4439:
4433:
4429:
4427:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4401:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4330:. Archived from
4313:
4187:Giovanni Gentile
4183:Italian fascists
4127:Doveri dell'uomo
4106:anti-clericalism
4053:Benito Mussolini
4002:George D. Herron
3860:Mazzini died of
3839:Kingdom of Italy
3832:Doveri dell'uomo
3635:Lombardy-Venetia
3591:Denis Mack Smith
3416:Jawaharlal Nehru
3362:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3305:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3264:
3255:Giuseppe Mazzini
3244:
3237:
3230:
3214:
3213:
3202:
3201:
3200:
3038:Social Democracy
3028:Rose Street Club
3023:Rose in the Fist
3018:Resolution Party
3013:Republican Union
2992:Republican Left
2855:Radical Movement
2721:Democratic Party
2711:Popular Councils
2544:Italian Radicals
2464:FDP.The Liberals
2416:Democratic Union
2022:Women's suffrage
1924:Social democracy
1894:Direct democracy
1864:Anti-clericalism
1782:
1781:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1744:
1743:
1728:Republican Party
1706:Peasant republic
1666:Communitarianism
1383:Classical Athens
1378:
1352:
1342:
1332:
1322:
1312:
1302:
1292:
1282:
1272:
1262:
1252:
1242:
1232:
1222:
456:Mixed government
390:
389:
376:
155:
134:
132:
120:Personal details
111:Aurelio Saliceti
108:
100:Aurelio Saliceti
96:
77:
65:Triumvir of the
53:
43:Giuseppe Mazzini
39:
38:
21:
10924:
10923:
10919:
10918:
10917:
10915:
10914:
10913:
10749:
10748:
10747:
10742:
10741:
10730:
10722:
10708:
10665:Romantic poetry
10650:Romantic ballet
10625:German idealism
10608:
10574:Lacoue-Labarthe
10500:
10247:
10065:
10014:
9983:
9964:Rimsky-Korsakov
9907:
9856:
9805:
9764:
9673:
9617:
9581:
9522:
9371:
9315:
9264:
9223:
9182:
9136:
9078:
9019:Maria Edgeworth
8955:
8948:
8827:
8749:
8659:
8638:Romantic genius
8568:Gesamtkunstwerk
8545:
8506:Sturm und Drang
8413:
8344:
8339:
8309:
8304:
8291:
8280:Totalitarianism
8141:
8136:
8126:
8116:
8106:
8096:
8086:
8076:
8066:
8056:
8046:
8036:
8026:
8016:
8006:
7996:
7986:
7976:
7966:
7956:
7953:Treatise on Law
7946:
7936:
7926:
7906:
7564:
7558:
7297:
7291:
7177:
7171:
7090:
6993:
6979:State of nature
6974:Social contract
6954:Ordered liberty
6942:Noblesse oblige
6859:
6693:
6622:
6451:
6446:
6416:
6411:
6365:
6344:
6308:
6272:
6263:Antonio Rosmini
6233:Goffredo Mameli
6183:GiosuĂš Carducci
6161:
6152:Ruggero Settimo
6080:
6059:
6040:Capture of Rome
5889:
5880:
5827:
5818:
5773:
5768:
5766:Wayback Machine
5726:
5724:
5709:
5706:
5675:
5630:
5628:Other languages
5601:
5599:Primary sources
5564:Sarti, Roland.
5488:
5486:Further reading
5472:
5433:
5428:
5427:
5419:
5415:
5405:
5403:
5398:
5397:
5393:
5383:
5381:
5372:
5371:
5367:
5357:
5355:
5346:
5345:
5341:
5328:
5324:
5312:
5308:
5299:
5295:
5283:
5279:
5258:
5254:
5237:
5230:
5213:
5209:
5203:Fede e avvenire
5200:
5196:
5179:
5175:
5166:
5162:
5145:
5141:
5124:
5120:
5103:
5099:
5082:
5078:
5069:
5065:
5044:
5040:
5026:British Academy
5019:
5015:
4998:
4994:
4977:
4968:
4951:
4947:
4930:
4926:
4909:
4902:
4890:. Reprinted in
4881:
4874:
4857:
4850:
4833:
4829:
4820:
4816:
4807:
4803:
4790:
4786:
4769:
4762:
4745:
4741:
4736:
4732:
4727:
4723:
4714:
4710:
4701:
4697:
4688:
4684:
4675:
4668:
4663:
4659:
4652:
4630:
4626:
4621:
4617:
4607:
4605:
4588:
4587:
4583:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4553:
4549:
4536:
4529:
4521:
4517:
4506:
4502:
4483:
4479:
4473:
4447:
4443:
4431:
4430:
4421:
4420:
4413:
4411:
4402:
4395:
4385:
4383:
4372:
4371:
4367:
4357:
4355:
4343:
4339:
4315:
4314:
4310:
4305:
4268:
4252:bust of Mazzini
4229:Mazzini Society
4217:Giovanni Turini
4213:Bust of Mazzini
4171:
4139:
4131:intellectualism
4118:
4090:Fede e avvenire
4075:A. James Gregor
4062:
3995:Charles Fourier
3929:Mikhail Bakunin
3898:Saint-Simonians
3874:
3770:Amici di Italia
3754:
3752:Late activities
3742:Carlo Armellini
3696:
3612:
3610:Exile in London
3501:
3437:
3432:
3355:
3324:
3309:
3300:
3299:
3268:
3259:
3258:
3248:
3208:
3198:
3196:
3189:
3188:
3164:
3156:
3155:
3091:
3083:
3082:
2280:
2272:
2271:
2052:
2044:
2043:
1975:Reform movement
1874:Civil liberties
1859:
1851:
1850:
1846:Progressive Era
1804:
1776:
1738:
1733:
1732:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1546:
1538:
1537:
1423:Trienio Liberal
1364:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1340:
1330:
1320:
1310:
1300:
1290:
1280:
1270:
1260:
1250:
1240:
1230:
1220:
1211:
1203:
1202:
938:Flynn (Stephen)
823:
815:
814:
655:
647:
646:
572:
564:
563:
519:
511:
510:
506:Social equality
501:Social contract
491:Self-governance
446:Democratization
421:Anti-corruption
416:Anti-monarchism
411:
395:Politics series
341:Pan-Europeanism
337:
330:
315:
308:
285:
262:
232:
227:
195:
174:Political party
157:
153:
136:
130:
128:
106:
94:
89:
87:Carlo Armellini
78:
73:
56:
55:Mazzini in 1860
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10922:
10912:
10911:
10906:
10904:Italian deists
10901:
10896:
10891:
10886:
10881:
10876:
10871:
10866:
10861:
10856:
10851:
10846:
10841:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10821:
10816:
10811:
10806:
10801:
10796:
10791:
10786:
10781:
10776:
10771:
10766:
10761:
10744:
10743:
10723:
10715:
10714:
10713:
10710:
10709:
10707:
10706:
10699:
10698:
10697:
10692:
10682:
10677:
10672:
10667:
10662:
10657:
10652:
10647:
10642:
10637:
10632:
10627:
10622:
10616:
10614:
10613:Related topics
10610:
10609:
10607:
10606:
10601:
10596:
10591:
10586:
10581:
10576:
10571:
10566:
10561:
10556:
10551:
10546:
10541:
10536:
10531:
10526:
10521:
10516:
10510:
10508:
10502:
10501:
10499:
10498:
10493:
10488:
10483:
10478:
10473:
10468:
10463:
10458:
10453:
10448:
10443:
10438:
10433:
10428:
10423:
10418:
10413:
10408:
10403:
10398:
10393:
10388:
10383:
10378:
10373:
10368:
10363:
10358:
10353:
10348:
10343:
10341:Gallen-Kallela
10338:
10333:
10328:
10323:
10318:
10316:David d'Angers
10313:
10308:
10303:
10298:
10293:
10288:
10283:
10278:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10257:
10255:
10253:Visual artists
10249:
10248:
10246:
10245:
10240:
10235:
10230:
10225:
10220:
10215:
10213:Schleiermacher
10210:
10205:
10200:
10195:
10190:
10185:
10180:
10175:
10170:
10165:
10160:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10140:
10135:
10130:
10125:
10120:
10115:
10110:
10105:
10100:
10095:
10090:
10085:
10079:
10077:
10071:
10070:
10067:
10066:
10064:
10063:
10058:
10053:
10048:
10043:
10038:
10033:
10028:
10022:
10020:
10016:
10015:
10013:
10012:
10007:
10002:
9997:
9991:
9989:
9985:
9984:
9982:
9981:
9976:
9971:
9966:
9961:
9956:
9951:
9946:
9941:
9936:
9931:
9926:
9921:
9915:
9913:
9909:
9908:
9906:
9905:
9900:
9895:
9890:
9885:
9880:
9875:
9870:
9864:
9862:
9858:
9857:
9855:
9854:
9849:
9844:
9839:
9834:
9829:
9824:
9819:
9813:
9811:
9807:
9806:
9804:
9803:
9798:
9793:
9788:
9783:
9778:
9772:
9770:
9766:
9765:
9763:
9762:
9757:
9752:
9747:
9742:
9737:
9732:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9697:
9692:
9687:
9681:
9679:
9675:
9674:
9672:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9656:
9651:
9646:
9641:
9636:
9631:
9625:
9623:
9619:
9618:
9616:
9615:
9610:
9605:
9600:
9595:
9589:
9587:
9583:
9582:
9580:
9579:
9574:
9569:
9564:
9559:
9554:
9549:
9543:
9541:
9534:
9528:
9527:
9524:
9523:
9521:
9520:
9515:
9510:
9505:
9500:
9495:
9490:
9485:
9480:
9478:OehlenschlÀger
9475:
9470:
9465:
9460:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9420:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9379:
9377:
9373:
9372:
9370:
9369:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9334:
9329:
9323:
9321:
9317:
9316:
9314:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9272:
9270:
9266:
9265:
9263:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9231:
9229:
9225:
9224:
9222:
9221:
9216:
9211:
9206:
9201:
9196:
9190:
9188:
9184:
9183:
9181:
9180:
9175:
9170:
9165:
9160:
9155:
9150:
9148:Castelo Branco
9144:
9142:
9138:
9137:
9135:
9134:
9129:
9124:
9119:
9114:
9109:
9104:
9099:
9094:
9088:
9086:
9080:
9079:
9077:
9076:
9071:
9066:
9061:
9056:
9051:
9046:
9041:
9036:
9031:
9026:
9021:
9016:
9011:
9006:
9001:
8996:
8991:
8986:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8960:
8958:
8950:
8949:
8947:
8946:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8926:
8921:
8916:
8911:
8906:
8901:
8896:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8876:
8874:Brothers Grimm
8871:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8851:
8846:
8841:
8835:
8833:
8829:
8828:
8826:
8825:
8820:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8765:
8759:
8757:
8751:
8750:
8748:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8676:
8674:
8667:
8661:
8660:
8658:
8657:
8652:
8645:
8640:
8635:
8630:
8625:
8620:
8615:
8610:
8605:
8598:
8593:
8592:
8591:
8586:
8576:
8574:Gothic fiction
8571:
8564:
8562:British Marine
8559:
8553:
8551:
8547:
8546:
8544:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8516:
8511:
8510:
8509:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8472:
8467:
8462:
8460:Gothic revival
8457:
8452:
8447:
8442:
8437:
8432:
8427:
8421:
8419:
8415:
8414:
8412:
8411:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8363:
8358:
8352:
8350:
8346:
8345:
8338:
8337:
8330:
8323:
8315:
8306:
8305:
8303:
8302:
8296:
8293:
8292:
8290:
8289:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8270:Social justice
8267:
8262:
8257:
8252:
8247:
8246:
8245:
8240:
8235:
8225:
8220:
8215:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8195:
8190:
8185:
8180:
8178:Egalitarianism
8175:
8170:
8168:Contractualism
8165:
8160:
8155:
8149:
8147:
8143:
8142:
8140:
8139:
8129:
8119:
8109:
8099:
8089:
8079:
8069:
8059:
8049:
8039:
8029:
8019:
8009:
7999:
7989:
7979:
7969:
7959:
7949:
7939:
7929:
7918:
7916:
7912:
7911:
7908:
7907:
7905:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7829:
7824:
7819:
7814:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7568:
7566:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7531:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7435:
7434:
7424:
7419:
7418:
7417:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7301:
7299:
7293:
7292:
7290:
7289:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7249:
7244:
7239:
7234:
7233:
7232:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7181:
7179:
7173:
7172:
7170:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7098:
7096:
7092:
7091:
7089:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7062:
7061:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7031:
7026:
7021:
7016:
7010:
7008:
7001:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6966:
6964:Overton window
6961:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6873:
6867:
6865:
6861:
6860:
6858:
6857:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6832:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6795:Libertarianism
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6701:
6699:
6695:
6694:
6692:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6630:
6628:
6624:
6623:
6621:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6459:
6457:
6453:
6452:
6445:
6444:
6437:
6430:
6422:
6413:
6412:
6410:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6373:
6371:
6367:
6366:
6364:
6363:
6358:
6352:
6350:
6346:
6345:
6343:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6316:
6314:
6310:
6309:
6307:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6280:
6278:
6274:
6273:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6253:Carlo Pisacane
6250:
6248:Silvio Pellico
6245:
6243:Ippolito Nievo
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6198:Vincenzo Cuoco
6195:
6190:
6188:Carlo Cattaneo
6185:
6180:
6175:
6169:
6167:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6088:
6086:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6078:
6073:
6067:
6065:
6061:
6060:
6058:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6030:Roman Question
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5951:
5950:
5948:Roman Republic
5945:
5940:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5899:
5897:
5891:
5890:
5883:
5881:
5879:
5878:
5873:
5871:Duchy of Parma
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5845:House of Savoy
5837:
5835:
5829:
5828:
5817:
5816:
5809:
5802:
5794:
5788:
5787:
5771:
5756:
5747:
5738:
5733:
5705:
5704:External links
5702:
5701:
5700:
5674:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5662:
5654:Scritti scelti
5649:
5647:. Naples: ESI.
5640:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5624:
5618:
5614:Ignazio Silone
5609:
5600:
5597:
5596:
5595:
5589:
5576:
5569:
5568:(1997) 249 pp.
5562:
5555:
5548:
5535:
5528:
5521:
5514:
5507:
5496:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5482:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5460:
5446:
5443:On Nationality
5440:
5432:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5413:
5391:
5365:
5339:
5322:
5306:
5293:
5277:
5252:
5228:
5207:
5194:
5173:
5160:
5139:
5118:
5097:
5076:
5063:
5053:(2): 315â332.
5038:
5013:
4992:
4966:
4962:978-0316732109
4945:
4924:
4900:
4888:New York World
4872:
4848:
4827:
4814:
4801:
4784:
4760:
4739:
4730:
4721:
4708:
4695:
4682:
4666:
4657:
4650:
4624:
4615:
4581:
4567:
4547:
4527:
4515:
4500:
4496:978-1909496699
4477:
4471:
4441:
4393:
4365:
4337:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4267:
4264:
4170:
4167:
4143:women's rights
4138:
4137:Women's rights
4135:
4117:
4114:
4061:
4058:
4041:Louis-Philippe
4029:Franz Borkenau
4006:class struggle
3991:Saint-Simonian
3923:. This caused
3873:
3870:
3785:Carlo Pisacane
3753:
3750:
3722:Charles Albert
3695:
3692:
3654:Thomas Carlyle
3649:Giovine Europa
3640:Giovine Italia
3624:Giovine Italia
3611:
3608:
3579:Giovine Italia
3500:
3497:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3412:Mahatma Gandhi
3404:Woodrow Wilson
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3206:
3191:
3190:
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3181:
3176:
3171:
3165:
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3161:
3158:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3063:Ultra-radicals
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2950:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2912:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2864:Radical Party
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2827:
2825:Radical League
2822:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2765:
2763:Radical Change
2760:
2755:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2730:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2683:
2681:People's Party
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2646:National Union
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2448:Fabian Society
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2389:Democrat Party
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2267:Wollstonecraft
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2029:Utilitarianism
2026:
2025:
2024:
2014:
2009:
2007:Social justice
2004:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1931:Libertarianism
1928:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1914:Labor movement
1911:
1906:
1901:
1899:Egalitarianism
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1676:Egalitarianism
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1652:
1650:Related topics
1649:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1621:United Kingdom
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1403:Dutch Republic
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1371:
1369:Roman Republic
1365:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1343:
1333:
1323:
1313:
1303:
1293:
1283:
1273:
1263:
1253:
1243:
1233:
1223:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
824:
821:
820:
817:
816:
813:
812:
810:Wollstonecraft
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
656:
653:
652:
649:
648:
645:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
573:
570:
569:
566:
565:
562:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
520:
517:
516:
513:
512:
509:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
412:
409:
408:
405:
404:
398:
397:
386:
385:
382:
381:
378:
377:
369:
368:
364:
363:
360:
359:
338:
335:
332:
331:
329:
328:
325:
322:
318:
316:
314:Main interests
313:
310:
309:
307:
306:
301:
295:
293:
287:
286:
284:
283:
282:
281:
270:
268:
264:
263:
261:
260:
259:
258:
247:
245:
241:
240:
237:
236:
229:
228:
226:
225:
222:
219:
215:
213:
209:
208:
203:
197:
196:
194:
193:
187:
184:
177:
175:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
156:(aged 66)
150:
146:
145:
126:
122:
121:
117:
116:
113:
112:
109:
103:
102:
97:
91:
90:
80:
70:
69:
67:Roman Republic
62:
61:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10921:
10910:
10907:
10905:
10902:
10900:
10897:
10895:
10892:
10890:
10887:
10885:
10882:
10880:
10877:
10875:
10872:
10870:
10867:
10865:
10862:
10860:
10857:
10855:
10852:
10850:
10847:
10845:
10842:
10840:
10837:
10835:
10832:
10830:
10827:
10825:
10822:
10820:
10817:
10815:
10812:
10810:
10807:
10805:
10802:
10800:
10797:
10795:
10792:
10790:
10787:
10785:
10782:
10780:
10777:
10775:
10772:
10770:
10767:
10765:
10762:
10760:
10757:
10756:
10754:
10740:
10739:
10728:
10727:
10721:
10720:
10711:
10705:
10704:
10700:
10696:
10693:
10691:
10688:
10687:
10686:
10683:
10681:
10678:
10676:
10673:
10671:
10668:
10666:
10663:
10661:
10658:
10656:
10653:
10651:
10648:
10646:
10643:
10641:
10638:
10636:
10633:
10631:
10628:
10626:
10623:
10621:
10618:
10617:
10615:
10611:
10605:
10602:
10600:
10597:
10595:
10592:
10590:
10587:
10585:
10582:
10580:
10577:
10575:
10572:
10570:
10567:
10565:
10562:
10560:
10557:
10555:
10552:
10550:
10547:
10545:
10542:
10540:
10537:
10535:
10532:
10530:
10527:
10525:
10522:
10520:
10517:
10515:
10512:
10511:
10509:
10507:
10503:
10497:
10494:
10492:
10489:
10487:
10484:
10482:
10479:
10477:
10474:
10472:
10469:
10467:
10464:
10462:
10459:
10457:
10454:
10452:
10449:
10447:
10444:
10442:
10439:
10437:
10434:
10432:
10429:
10427:
10424:
10422:
10419:
10417:
10414:
10412:
10409:
10407:
10404:
10402:
10399:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10359:
10357:
10354:
10352:
10349:
10347:
10344:
10342:
10339:
10337:
10334:
10332:
10329:
10327:
10324:
10322:
10319:
10317:
10314:
10312:
10309:
10307:
10304:
10302:
10299:
10297:
10294:
10292:
10289:
10287:
10284:
10282:
10279:
10277:
10274:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10264:
10262:
10259:
10258:
10256:
10254:
10250:
10244:
10241:
10239:
10236:
10234:
10231:
10229:
10226:
10224:
10221:
10219:
10216:
10214:
10211:
10209:
10206:
10204:
10201:
10199:
10196:
10194:
10191:
10189:
10186:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10161:
10159:
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10154:
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10149:
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10141:
10139:
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10131:
10129:
10126:
10124:
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10119:
10116:
10114:
10111:
10109:
10106:
10104:
10101:
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10096:
10094:
10091:
10089:
10086:
10084:
10081:
10080:
10078:
10076:
10072:
10062:
10059:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10024:
10023:
10021:
10017:
10011:
10008:
10006:
10003:
10001:
9998:
9996:
9993:
9992:
9990:
9986:
9980:
9977:
9975:
9972:
9970:
9967:
9965:
9962:
9960:
9957:
9955:
9952:
9950:
9947:
9945:
9942:
9940:
9937:
9935:
9932:
9930:
9927:
9925:
9922:
9920:
9917:
9916:
9914:
9910:
9904:
9901:
9899:
9896:
9894:
9891:
9889:
9886:
9884:
9881:
9879:
9876:
9874:
9871:
9869:
9866:
9865:
9863:
9859:
9853:
9850:
9848:
9845:
9843:
9840:
9838:
9835:
9833:
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9818:
9815:
9814:
9812:
9808:
9802:
9799:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9773:
9771:
9767:
9761:
9758:
9756:
9753:
9751:
9748:
9746:
9743:
9741:
9738:
9736:
9733:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9721:
9718:
9716:
9713:
9711:
9708:
9706:
9703:
9701:
9698:
9696:
9693:
9691:
9688:
9686:
9683:
9682:
9680:
9676:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9662:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9645:
9642:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9626:
9624:
9620:
9614:
9611:
9609:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9590:
9588:
9584:
9578:
9575:
9573:
9570:
9568:
9565:
9563:
9560:
9558:
9555:
9553:
9550:
9548:
9545:
9544:
9542:
9538:
9535:
9533:
9529:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9509:
9506:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9494:
9491:
9489:
9486:
9484:
9481:
9479:
9476:
9474:
9471:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9461:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9433:Nikolai Gogol
9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9380:
9378:
9374:
9368:
9365:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9338:
9335:
9333:
9330:
9328:
9325:
9324:
9322:
9318:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9274:
9273:
9271:
9267:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9232:
9230:
9226:
9220:
9217:
9215:
9212:
9210:
9207:
9205:
9202:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9191:
9189:
9185:
9179:
9176:
9174:
9171:
9169:
9166:
9164:
9161:
9159:
9156:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9145:
9143:
9139:
9133:
9130:
9128:
9125:
9123:
9120:
9118:
9115:
9113:
9110:
9108:
9105:
9103:
9100:
9098:
9095:
9093:
9090:
9089:
9087:
9085:
9081:
9075:
9072:
9070:
9067:
9065:
9064:P. B. Shelley
9062:
9060:
9057:
9055:
9052:
9050:
9047:
9045:
9044:Mary Robinson
9042:
9040:
9037:
9035:
9032:
9030:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9020:
9017:
9015:
9012:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8961:
8959:
8957:
8951:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8915:
8912:
8910:
8907:
8905:
8902:
8900:
8897:
8895:
8892:
8890:
8887:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8875:
8872:
8870:
8867:
8865:
8862:
8860:
8857:
8855:
8852:
8850:
8847:
8845:
8842:
8840:
8837:
8836:
8834:
8830:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8773:Chateaubriand
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8760:
8758:
8756:
8752:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8723:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8686:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8677:
8675:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8662:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8650:
8646:
8644:
8641:
8639:
8636:
8634:
8631:
8629:
8626:
8624:
8621:
8619:
8616:
8614:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8604:
8603:
8602:Mal du siĂšcle
8599:
8597:
8594:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8581:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8569:
8565:
8563:
8560:
8558:
8555:
8554:
8552:
8548:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8521:
8517:
8515:
8512:
8508:
8507:
8503:
8502:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8471:
8468:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
8456:
8453:
8451:
8448:
8446:
8443:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8422:
8420:
8416:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8353:
8351:
8347:
8343:
8336:
8331:
8329:
8324:
8322:
8317:
8316:
8313:
8301:
8298:
8297:
8294:
8288:
8287:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8276:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8256:
8253:
8251:
8248:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8230:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8214:
8211:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8203:Jurisprudence
8201:
8199:
8196:
8194:
8191:
8189:
8186:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8150:
8148:
8144:
8135:
8134:
8130:
8125:
8124:
8120:
8115:
8114:
8110:
8105:
8104:
8100:
8095:
8094:
8090:
8085:
8084:
8080:
8075:
8074:
8070:
8065:
8064:
8060:
8055:
8054:
8050:
8045:
8044:
8040:
8035:
8034:
8033:Rights of Man
8030:
8025:
8024:
8020:
8015:
8014:
8010:
8005:
8004:
8000:
7995:
7994:
7990:
7985:
7984:
7980:
7975:
7974:
7970:
7965:
7964:
7960:
7955:
7954:
7950:
7945:
7944:
7943:De re publica
7940:
7935:
7934:
7930:
7925:
7924:
7920:
7919:
7917:
7913:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7815:
7813:
7810:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7569:
7567:
7563:20th and 21st
7561:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7433:
7430:
7429:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7416:
7413:
7412:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7302:
7300:
7296:18th and 19th
7294:
7288:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7231:
7228:
7227:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7182:
7180:
7174:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7152:Nizam al-Mulk
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7099:
7097:
7093:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7060:
7057:
7056:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7011:
7009:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6996:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6944:
6943:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6868:
6866:
6862:
6856:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6835:Republicanism
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6702:
6700:
6696:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6625:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6460:
6458:
6454:
6450:
6443:
6438:
6436:
6431:
6429:
6424:
6423:
6420:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6374:
6372:
6368:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6353:
6351:
6349:National days
6347:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6311:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6168:
6164:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6142:Aurelio Saffi
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6127:Daniele Manin
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6107:Celso Ceretti
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6089:
6087:
6083:
6077:
6076:Flag of Italy
6074:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6062:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5935:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5928:Neo-Guelphism
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5898:
5896:
5892:
5887:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5846:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5834:
5830:
5826:
5824:
5815:
5810:
5808:
5803:
5801:
5796:
5795:
5792:
5784:
5783:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5763:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5723:
5719:
5715:
5714:
5708:
5707:
5697:
5696:
5691:
5690:Gilman, D. C.
5686:
5685:public domain
5677:
5676:
5667:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5650:
5646:
5641:
5637:
5632:
5631:
5622:
5619:
5616:
5615:
5610:
5607:
5603:
5602:
5593:
5590:
5587:
5584:
5580:
5579:Wight, Martin
5577:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5563:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5544:
5540:
5536:
5533:
5529:
5526:
5522:
5519:
5515:
5512:
5508:
5505:
5501:
5497:
5494:
5490:
5489:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5473:
5464:
5461:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5447:
5444:
5441:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5423:
5417:
5401:
5395:
5379:
5375:
5369:
5353:
5349:
5343:
5336:
5332:
5331:Reminiscences
5326:
5319:
5315:
5310:
5304:, pp. 177-178
5303:
5297:
5290:
5286:
5281:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5256:
5249:
5248:9781405189972
5245:
5241:
5235:
5233:
5225:
5224:9781421268194
5221:
5217:
5211:
5204:
5198:
5191:
5190:9781137379498
5187:
5183:
5177:
5170:
5164:
5157:
5156:9781137514592
5153:
5149:
5143:
5136:
5135:9781135025823
5132:
5128:
5122:
5115:
5114:9783030423391
5111:
5107:
5101:
5094:
5093:9788868128296
5090:
5086:
5080:
5073:
5067:
5060:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5042:
5035:
5034:9780197264317
5031:
5027:
5023:
5017:
5010:
5009:9783030423391
5006:
5002:
4996:
4989:
4988:9780300112122
4985:
4981:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4949:
4942:
4941:9781629633084
4938:
4934:
4928:
4921:
4920:9781444150858
4917:
4913:
4907:
4905:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4879:
4877:
4869:
4868:9781400831319
4865:
4861:
4855:
4853:
4845:
4844:9788822256676
4841:
4837:
4831:
4824:
4818:
4811:
4805:
4798:
4794:
4788:
4781:
4780:9780820468389
4777:
4773:
4767:
4765:
4757:
4756:9781400887309
4753:
4749:
4743:
4734:
4725:
4718:
4712:
4705:
4699:
4692:
4686:
4679:
4673:
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4653:
4651:9780300058840
4647:
4643:
4638:
4637:
4628:
4619:
4603:
4599:
4595:
4593:
4590:"The Oath of
4585:
4570:
4564:
4560:
4559:
4551:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4532:
4525:
4519:
4513:. Good Press.
4512:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4488:
4481:
4474:
4468:
4464:
4460:
4456:
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4445:
4437:
4425:
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4400:
4398:
4381:
4380:
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4325:
4323:
4318:
4312:
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4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4240:Euston Square
4237:
4232:
4230:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4203:
4199:
4195:
4194:Reminiscences
4190:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4166:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4113:
4111:
4110:Protestantism
4107:
4103:
4099:
4095:
4091:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4067:
4057:
4054:
4048:
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4026:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3982:
3981:Henry Hyndman
3973:
3969:
3967:
3964:According to
3961:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3921:Paris Commune
3918:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3890:republicanism
3887:
3878:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3858:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3835:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3813:
3808:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3786:
3781:
3779:
3778:Felice Orsini
3775:
3771:
3763:
3758:
3749:
3747:
3746:Aurelio Saffi
3743:
3739:
3735:
3730:
3728:
3723:
3719:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3704:Ădouard Manet
3700:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3656:and his wife
3655:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3644:Young Germany
3641:
3636:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3616:
3607:
3605:
3599:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
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3576:
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3568:
3564:
3560:
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3533:
3529:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3505:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3441:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3381:republicanism
3378:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3361:
3351:
3303:
3295:
3262:
3256:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3233:
3231:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3205:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3152:
3151:United States
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3079:
3078:Young Ireland
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Reform League
2976:
2974:
2973:Radicals (UK)
2971:
2968:
2966:
2965:Radical Whigs
2963:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
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2781:
2778:
2774:
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2770:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2758:Radical Cause
2756:
2754:
2751:
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2746:United States
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
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2731:
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2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2591:Liberal Party
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2581:Left Liberals
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
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2530:
2527:
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2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
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2487:
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2482:
2480:
2477:
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2472:
2470:
2467:
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2434:
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2426:
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2419:
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2414:
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2407:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
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2390:
2387:
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2367:
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2333:
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2328:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2284:Action Party
2283:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2197:Papanastasiou
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:MendĂšs France
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2002:Social change
2000:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1980:Republicanism
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1965:Progressivism
1963:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1773:
1768:
1766:
1761:
1759:
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1753:
1751:
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1747:
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1737:
1736:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1638:United States
1636:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1513:Metapolitefsi
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1349:
1348:
1347:On Revolution
1344:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1317:Rights of Man
1314:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1227:De re publica
1224:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1033:Jones (Lynne)
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
828:Adams (Gerry)
826:
825:
819:
818:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
657:
651:
650:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
627:Revolutionary
625:
623:
620:
618:
617:Parliamentary
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
574:
568:
567:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
515:
514:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
426:Civil society
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
413:
407:
406:
403:
402:Republicanism
400:
399:
396:
392:
391:
383:
379:
375:
370:
365:
361:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
339:
336:Notable ideas
333:
326:
323:
320:
319:
317:
311:
305:
302:
300:
297:
296:
294:
292:
288:
280:
277:
276:
275:
272:
271:
269:
265:
257:
254:
253:
252:
249:
248:
246:
242:
238:
235:
230:
223:
220:
217:
216:
214:
210:
207:
204:
202:
198:
191:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
152:10 March 1872
151:
147:
143:
139:
127:
123:
118:
114:
110:
104:
101:
98:
92:
88:
84:
83:Aurelio Saffi
76:
71:
68:
63:
59:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
10731:
10724:
10717:
10701:
10421:Porto-Alegre
10162:
10075:Philosophers
9959:Rachmaninoff
9408:Chavchavadze
9398:Baratashvili
9158:JoĂŁo de Deus
9127:Wincenty Pol
8919:KĂŒchelbecker
8647:
8613:Noble savage
8600:
8566:
8541:Wallenrodism
8518:
8504:
8435:Coppet group
8369:(literature)
8284:
8183:Elite theory
8131:
8121:
8111:
8101:
8091:
8081:
8071:
8061:
8051:
8041:
8031:
8021:
8011:
8001:
7991:
7981:
7971:
7961:
7951:
7941:
7931:
7921:
7463:
7220:Guicciardini
7176:Early modern
6999:Philosophers
6949:Open society
6885:Body politic
6755:Distributism
6745:Conservatism
6740:Confucianism
6659:Gerontocracy
6649:Dictatorship
6603:Sovereigntyâ
6593:Ruling class
6483:Emancipation
6468:Citizenshipâ
6284:Pope Pius IX
6178:Cesare Balbo
6131:
6085:Main leaders
5955:Quadrilatero
5861:Papal States
5823:Risorgimento
5822:
5780:
5769:(in Italian)
5725:. Retrieved
5712:
5693:
5665:
5653:
5644:
5635:
5620:
5611:
5605:
5582:
5572:
5565:
5558:
5551:
5542:
5531:
5525:Modern Italy
5524:
5517:
5510:
5499:
5492:
5476:
5462:
5448:
5442:
5436:
5416:
5404:. Retrieved
5394:
5382:. Retrieved
5378:the original
5368:
5356:. Retrieved
5352:the original
5342:
5334:
5330:
5325:
5317:
5309:
5301:
5296:
5288:
5280:
5267:(1): 15â30.
5264:
5261:Modern Italy
5260:
5255:
5239:
5215:
5210:
5202:
5197:
5181:
5176:
5168:
5163:
5147:
5142:
5126:
5121:
5105:
5100:
5084:
5079:
5071:
5066:
5050:
5046:
5041:
5025:
5021:
5016:
5000:
4995:
4979:
4953:
4948:
4932:
4927:
4911:
4891:
4887:
4859:
4835:
4830:
4822:
4817:
4809:
4804:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4771:
4747:
4742:
4733:
4724:
4711:
4698:
4685:
4677:
4660:
4635:
4627:
4618:
4606:. Retrieved
4602:the original
4597:
4591:
4584:
4572:. Retrieved
4557:
4550:
4542:
4538:
4518:
4508:
4503:
4485:
4480:
4454:
4444:
4412:. Retrieved
4406:
4384:. Retrieved
4377:
4368:
4356:. Retrieved
4349:
4340:
4332:the original
4320:
4311:
4256:Central Park
4233:
4225:
4221:Central Park
4201:
4193:
4191:
4178:
4175:Mazzinianism
4174:
4172:
4162:
4140:
4126:
4119:
4101:
4098:Pope Pius IX
4089:
4087:
4082:
4078:
4071:Dio e Popolo
4070:
4063:
4050:
4034:
4024:
4022:
3985:
3978:
3963:
3958:
3952:
3948:
3941:
3932:
3914:
3909:
3883:
3866:Paolo Gorini
3859:
3836:
3831:
3819:
3817:
3792:Risorgimento
3791:
3782:
3769:
3767:
3731:
3727:Action Party
3715:
3707:
3687:
3684:Pope Pius IX
3681:
3666:
3647:
3639:
3632:
3627:
3623:
3621:
3601:
3596:
3583:
3578:
3536:
3531:
3525:
3510:
3486:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3446:
3393:
3369:Risorgimento
3368:
3254:
3253:
3001:Spain (1977)
2996:Spain (1934)
2850:Radical Left
2651:New Liberals
2564:The Mountain
2428:Democrats 66
2325:Centre Union
2172:Mill (James)
2161:
2157:Lloyd George
1710:
1345:
1335:
1325:
1315:
1305:
1295:
1285:
1275:
1265:
1255:
1245:
1235:
1225:
1215:
1028:Jones (Elin)
933:Flynn (Paul)
893:Clarke (Tom)
888:Clark (Katy)
833:Adams (John)
749:
654:Philosophers
431:Civic virtue
393:Part of the
233:
154:(1872-03-10)
135:22 June 1805
107:Succeeded by
74:
36:
10764:1872 deaths
10759:1805 births
10411:MichaĆowski
10243:Wackenroder
10208:F. Schlegel
10203:A. Schlegel
9979:Tchaikovsky
9868:Bortkiewicz
9740:R. Schumann
9735:C. Schumann
9700:Kalkbrenner
9669:Saint-Saëns
8974:Anne Brontë
8859:Eichendorff
8844:B. v. Arnim
8839:A. v. Arnim
8649:Weltschmerz
8608:Medievalism
8557:Blue flower
8485:Nationalist
8430:Bohemianism
8342:Romanticism
8057:(1835â1840)
7937:(c. 350 BC)
7927:(c. 375 BC)
7544:Tocqueville
7509:Saint-Simon
7474:Montesquieu
7325:Bolingbroke
7257:Machiavelli
7137:Ibn Khaldun
7102:Alpharabius
7095:Middle Ages
6920:Natural law
6895:Common good
6820:Nationalism
6780:Imperialism
6750:Corporatism
6725:Colonialism
6705:Agrarianism
6684:Technocracy
6664:Meritocracy
6644:Bureaucracy
6634:Aristocracy
6208:Ugo Foscolo
5990:Crimean War
5923:Young Italy
5727:26 February
5047:Il Politico
4608:30 November
4592:Young Italy
4432:|work=
4248:Clerkenwell
4244:blue plaque
4198:Carl Schurz
4037:Young Italy
4010:materialism
3845:and gained
3774:Crimean War
3762:Carl Schurz
3662:Young Turks
3563:Alessandria
3528:Young Italy
3435:Early years
3400:Europeanism
3146:Switzerland
2773:Radicales K
2741:South Korea
2661:Parti rouge
2616:More Europe
2576:Left Centre
2369:Clear Grits
2212:Robespierre
2152:La Follette
1970:Rationalism
1661:Common good
1601:New Zealand
1596:Netherlands
1341:(1835â1840)
1311:(1787â1788)
1221:(c. 375 BC)
1143:Robespierre
918:Etherington
853:Benn (Tony)
822:Politicians
800:Tocqueville
760:Montesquieu
740:Machiavelli
486:Rule of law
481:Res publica
345:irredentism
304:Romanticism
192:(1853â1867)
183:(1831â1848)
181:Young Italy
166:Nationality
95:Preceded by
10864:Jansenists
10753:Categories
10286:Chassériau
10261:Aivazovsky
9969:Rubinstein
9954:Mussorgsky
9903:Wieniawski
9888:Paderewski
9730:Moszkowski
9513:Vörösmarty
9503:Shevchenko
9357:Longfellow
9281:Batyushkov
9276:Baratynsky
9245:Espronceda
9112:Mickiewicz
9107:Malczewski
9074:Wordsworth
9059:M. Shelley
9014:de Quincey
8879:GĂŒnderrode
8763:Baudelaire
8643:Wanderlust
8480:Lake Poets
8265:Separatism
8073:On Liberty
7973:The Prince
7702:Huntington
7205:Campanella
7132:al-Ghazali
7081:Thucydides
7039:Lactantius
6984:Statolatry
6810:Monarchism
6790:Liberalism
6715:Capitalism
6698:Ideologies
6679:Plutocracy
6627:Government
6583:Revolution
6568:Propaganda
6518:Legitimacy
6493:Government
6407:Third Rome
5457:1596052198
5028:. p. 284.
4414:17 October
4303:References
4185:, such as
4163:Daily News
4079:philosophy
3966:Lucy Riall
3734:a republic
3541:, Sicily,
3424:Golda Meir
2948:Luxembourg
2888:Luxembourg
2833:Luxembourg
2509:GroenLinks
2450:(elements)
2362:HĂ©bertists
2357:Dantonists
2352:Cordeliers
2320:Blue Party
2232:Saint-Just
2202:Papandreou
2087:Clemenceau
2082:Cartwright
1990:Secularism
1985:Revolution
1909:Jacobinism
1795:Radicalism
1701:Monarchism
1691:Liberalism
1686:Jacobinism
1376:Gaáčasaáč
gha
1231:(54â51 BC)
715:Harrington
592:Democratic
582:Capitalist
577:Autonomous
559:Venizelism
544:Khomeinism
221:journalist
212:Profession
201:Alma mater
131:1805-06-22
10774:Carbonari
10726:Modernism
10386:Kiprensky
10346:GĂ©ricault
10331:Friedrich
10321:Delacroix
10296:Constable
10276:Bonington
10266:Bierstadt
10218:Senancour
10193:Schelling
10148:Lamennais
10143:Khomyakov
10108:Coleridge
10103:Chaadayev
10010:StankoviÄ
10005:Mokranjac
9924:Balakirev
9883:Moniuszko
9832:Donizetti
9827:Cherubini
9725:Meyerbeer
9710:Marschner
9685:Beethoven
9598:Moscheles
9532:Musicians
9518:Wergeland
9483:Orbeliani
9438:Grundtvig
9342:Hawthorne
9311:Zhukovsky
9306:Vyazemsky
9291:Lermontov
9250:Gutiérrez
9209:RadiÄeviÄ
9173:Herculano
9097:KrasiĆski
9039:Radcliffe
9009:Coleridge
8984:E. Brontë
8979:C. Brontë
8909:Jean Paul
8904:Hölderlin
8793:Lamartine
8730:MagalhĂŁes
8720:GuimarĂŁes
8628:Pantheism
8618:Nostalgia
8470:Indianism
8418:Movements
8349:Countries
7983:Leviathan
7963:Monarchia
7957:(c. 1274)
7792:Oakeshott
7737:Mansfield
7732:Luxemburg
7717:Kropotkin
7612:Bernstein
7565:centuries
7479:Nietzsche
7422:Jefferson
7350:Condorcet
7298:centuries
7277:Pufendorf
7142:Marsilius
7029:Confucius
7014:Aristotle
7007:Antiquity
6935:Noble lie
6855:Third Way
6850:Socialism
6775:Feudalism
6730:Communism
6710:Anarchism
6689:Theocracy
6674:Oligarchy
6654:Democracy
6639:Autocracy
6553:Pluralism
6538:Obedience
6503:Hierarchy
6463:Authority
6392:Redshirts
6277:Opponents
5908:Carbonari
5658:Mondadori
5656:. Milan:
5358:7 January
5320:, pp. 5-6
4434:ignored (
4386:10 August
4374:"Mazzini"
4358:10 August
4346:"Mazzini"
4155:Redshirts
4066:Jansenist
3931:to write
3925:Karl Marx
3604:Solothurn
3513:Marseille
3493:Carbonari
3465:Jansenist
3430:Biography
3090:By region
2247:Venizelos
2217:Roosevelt
2207:Plastiras
2187:Mossadegh
2137:Jefferson
2107:Garibaldi
1948:Modernity
1556:Australia
1188:Venizelos
1178:Spadolini
1168:Slaughter
1113:McDonnell
1078:Mackenzie
1023:Jefferson
978:Griffiths
958:de Gaulle
953:Garibaldi
913:Drakeford
805:Warburton
725:Jefferson
720:Honderich
700:Condorcet
587:Christian
549:Nasserism
524:Classical
441:Democracy
367:Signature
75:In office
10738:Category
10554:Dahlhaus
10539:Blanning
10506:Scholars
10476:Tropinin
10471:Tidemand
10461:Stattler
10456:Scheffer
10356:GĆowacki
10326:Edelfelt
10281:Bryullov
10223:Snellman
10198:Schiller
10188:Rousseau
10168:Michelet
10113:Constant
10083:Belinsky
10056:Sibelius
10000:KonjoviÄ
9974:Scriabin
9944:Lyapunov
9878:LipiĆski
9847:Spontini
9837:Paganini
9781:Goldmark
9572:Thalberg
9567:Schubert
9547:Bruckner
9508:Topelius
9498:Runeberg
9488:PreĆĄeren
9458:Leopardi
9423:Frashëri
9413:Eminescu
9393:Andersen
9301:Tyutchev
9286:Karamzin
9260:Zorrilla
9255:Saavedra
9153:Castilho
9141:Portugal
9132:SĆowacki
9034:Polidori
8964:Barbauld
8899:Hoffmann
8854:Brentano
8768:Bertrand
8589:Romantic
8425:Ancients
8399:Scotland
8238:Centrism
7933:Politics
7923:Republic
7892:Voegelin
7872:Spengler
7857:Shariati
7832:Rothbard
7787:Nussbaum
7687:Habermas
7662:Fukuyama
7652:Foucault
7577:Ambedkar
7554:Voltaire
7524:de Staël
7499:Rousseau
7380:Franklin
7355:Constant
7315:Beccaria
7147:Muhammad
7127:Gelasius
7112:Averroes
7086:Xenophon
7066:Polybius
7019:Chanakya
6864:Concepts
6830:Populism
6800:Localism
6785:Islamism
6770:Feminism
6669:Monarchy
6573:Property
6563:Progress
6528:Monopoly
6498:Hegemony
5895:Timeline
5762:Archived
5541:(1994).
5504:In JSTOR
5470:Articles
5059:43208082
4266:See also
4060:Religion
3872:Ideology
3862:pleurisy
3837:The new
3814:of Genoa
3790:Italian
3593:writes:
3555:Chambéry
3543:Piedmont
3457:Chiavari
3398:, about
3356:Italian:
3131:Paraguay
3096:Bulgaria
2838:Paraguay
2793:Bulgaria
2469:Far Left
2222:Rosselli
2132:Hobhouse
2017:Suffrage
1953:Populism
1836:Chartism
1787:a series
1785:Part of
1626:Scotland
1566:Barbados
1217:Republic
1133:Prescott
1103:Naysmith
1093:McKechin
1053:La Malfa
1048:Khomeini
1008:Iorwerth
973:Griffith
948:Gambetta
943:Galloway
928:Ferguson
908:Davidson
903:Cromwell
898:Connolly
878:Campbell
795:Sunstein
780:Rousseau
775:Polybius
710:Franklin
690:Chappell
685:Cattaneo
622:People's
607:Imperial
539:Kemalism
476:Republic
410:Concepts
327:politics
324:theology
10579:Lovejoy
10514:Abraham
10436:Richard
10426:Préault
10351:Girodet
10233:Thoreau
10178:Novalis
10163:Mazzini
10158:Maistre
10133:Hazlitt
10118:Emerson
10098:Carlyle
10088:Berchet
10031:Berwald
10026:Bennett
9995:HristiÄ
9949:Medtner
9929:Borodin
9919:Arensky
9842:Rossini
9817:Bellini
9796:Joachim
9769:Hungary
9750:Strauss
9678:Germany
9644:Berlioz
9613:VoĆĂĆĄek
9608:Smetana
9586:Czechia
9540:Austria
9473:Maturin
9468:Manzoni
9443:Heliade
9418:Foscolo
9388:Alfieri
9383:Abovian
9337:Emerson
9296:Pushkin
9235:BĂ©cquer
9168:Garrett
9122:Potocki
9069:Southey
9029:Maturin
8999:Carlyle
8956:Britain
8929:Novalis
8884:Gutzkow
8832:Germany
8798:Mérimée
8783:Gautier
8710:Barreto
8705:Azevedo
8685:Alencar
8665:Writers
8584:Byronic
8520:Purismo
8374:Germany
8356:Denmark
8275:Statism
8188:Elitism
8146:Related
7947:(51 BC)
7877:Strauss
7852:Scruton
7847:Schmitt
7837:Russell
7757:Michels
7752:Maurras
7747:Marcuse
7707:Kautsky
7677:Gramsci
7672:Gentile
7642:Dworkin
7632:Du Bois
7627:Dmowski
7622:Chomsky
7617:Burnham
7602:Benoist
7572:Agamben
7539:Thoreau
7529:Stirner
7519:Spencer
7464:Mazzini
7454:Maistre
7449:Madison
7444:Le Play
7375:Fourier
7340:Carlyle
7320:Bentham
7310:Bastiat
7305:Bakunin
7282:Spinoza
7272:MĂŒntzer
7242:Leibniz
7215:Grotius
7195:Bossuet
7162:Plethon
7107:Aquinas
7076:Sun Tzu
7044:Mencius
7034:Han Fei
6805:Marxism
6765:Fascism
6598:Society
6523:Liberty
6508:Justice
6488:Freedom
6313:Museums
6064:Symbols
5785:. 1920.
5752:at the
5687::
5588:, 2005.
5543:Mazzini
5495:(2009).
4636:Mazzini
4574:1 April
4238:, near
3847:Venetia
3673:Cosenza
3547:Liguria
3539:Abruzzi
3489:Tuscany
3461:Jacobin
3375:in the
3163:Related
3136:Romania
3121:Hungary
3111:Ecuador
3106:Denmark
2953:Estonia
2918:Finland
2878:Hungary
2868:Bolivia
2813:Ukraine
2798:Estonia
2736:Belgium
2559:Jacobin
2252:Virchow
2237:Stevens
2182:Mommsen
2162:Mazzini
2147:Leclerc
2142:Lacombe
2092:Cobbett
2072:BolĂvar
2067:Bentham
2062:AtatĂŒrk
2039:Welfare
1995:Laicité
1803:History
1591:Morocco
1581:Jamaica
1576:Ireland
1561:Bahamas
1363:History
1183:Taverne
1158:Skinner
1138:Ritchie
1083:Madison
1063:Lincoln
1013:Jackson
1003:Huppert
998:Hopkins
923:Fabiani
883:Chapman
868:BolĂvar
858:Bennett
848:Bartley
838:AtatĂŒrk
750:Mazzini
745:Madison
675:Bentham
665:Baggini
632:Secular
612:Islamic
597:Federal
534:Federal
518:Schools
349:Italian
321:History
169:Italian
18:Mazzini
10604:Wellek
10584:de Man
10569:Janion
10559:Ferber
10534:Berlin
10529:Beiser
10524:Barzun
10519:Abrams
10496:Wiertz
10481:Turner
10431:RĂ©voil
10416:Palmer
10406:Martin
10401:Leutze
10376:Janmot
10336:Fuseli
10291:Church
10183:Quinet
10173:MĂŒller
10128:Goethe
10123:Fichte
10046:Franck
9988:Serbia
9939:Glinka
9912:Russia
9898:Tausig
9893:Stolpe
9873:Chopin
9861:Poland
9822:Busoni
9786:Heller
9755:Wagner
9690:Brahms
9664:Onslow
9654:Halévy
9622:France
9603:Reicha
9593:DvoĆĂĄk
9562:Mahler
9557:Hummel
9552:Czerny
9448:Isaacs
9428:Geijer
9362:Lowell
9352:Irving
9332:Cooper
9327:Bryant
9269:Russia
9204:NjegoĆĄ
9199:KostiÄ
9194:JakĆĄiÄ
9187:Serbia
9117:Norwid
9092:Fredro
9084:Poland
9054:Seward
8944:Uhland
8934:Schwab
8924:Mörike
8914:Kleist
8869:Goethe
8864:Fouqué
8813:Nodier
8808:Nerval
8803:Musset
8755:France
8745:Varela
8740:Taunay
8725:Macedo
8673:Brazil
8623:Ossian
8550:Themes
8389:Poland
8384:Norway
8366:France
8137:(1992)
8127:(1971)
8117:(1951)
8107:(1945)
8097:(1944)
8087:(1929)
8077:(1859)
8067:(1848)
8047:(1820)
8037:(1791)
8027:(1790)
8017:(1762)
8007:(1748)
7997:(1689)
7987:(1651)
7977:(1532)
7967:(1313)
7897:Walzer
7887:Taylor
7842:Sartre
7807:Popper
7802:Pareto
7797:Ortega
7782:Nozick
7772:Mouffe
7722:Laclau
7682:Guénon
7667:Gandhi
7607:Berlin
7597:Bauman
7592:Badiou
7582:Arendt
7549:Tucker
7439:Le Bon
7400:Herder
7390:Haller
7385:Godwin
7370:Fichte
7365:Engels
7360:Cortés
7330:Bonald
7287:SuĂĄrez
7262:Milton
7252:Luther
7225:Hobbes
7210:Filmer
7200:Calvin
7185:Boétie
7178:period
7157:Ockham
7024:Cicero
6825:Nazism
6613:Utopia
6588:Rights
6578:Regime
6548:People
6533:Nation
5455:
5445:(1852)
5439:(1825)
5406:6 June
5246:
5222:
5188:
5154:
5133:
5112:
5091:
5057:
5032:
5007:
4986:
4960:
4939:
4918:
4866:
4842:
4778:
4754:
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