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powerful organisations whose practices have a detrimental effect on society and the environment. The McLibel campaign has already proved that determined and widespread grass roots protests and defiance can undermine those who try to silence their critics, and also render oppressive laws unworkable. The continually growing opposition to McDonald's and all it stands for is a vindication of all the efforts of those around the world who have been exposing and challenging the corporation's business practices.
1172:"On 19 June 1997, the judge finally handed down the verdict....It felt like an eternity to most of us sitting there, as Mr Justice Rodger Bell read out his forty-five-page ruling – a summary of the actual verdict, which was over a thousand pages long. Although the judge deemed most of the factsheet's claims too hyperbolic to be acceptable (he was particularly unconvinced by its direct linking of McDonald's to "hunger in the 'Third World'"), he deemed others to be based on pure fact." pp. 389–390 of
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512:(ECHR), contesting the UK government's policy that legal aid was not available in libel cases, and setting out a highly detailed case for what they believed to be the oppressive and unfair nature of UK libel laws in general, and in their case in particular. In September 2004, this action was heard by the ECHR. Lawyers for Steel and Morris argued that the lack of legal aid had breached the pair's right to freedom of expression and to a fair trial.
363:, and "corporate spies sent to infiltrate the ranks of London Greenpeace". McDonald's spent several million pounds, while Steel and Morris spent ÂŁ30,000; this disparity in funds meant Steel and Morris were not able to call all the witnesses they wanted, especially witnesses from South America who were intended to support their claims about McDonald's activities in that continent's rainforests.
375:
secretly recorded the meeting, in which McDonald's said the pair could criticise McDonald's privately to friends but must cease talking to the media or distributing leaflets. Steel and Morris wrote a letter in response saying they would agree to the terms if McDonald's ceased advertising its products and instead only recommended the restaurant privately to friends.
237:(right to a fair trial), and their conduct should have been protected by Article 10 of the Convention, which protects the right to freedom of expression. The court awarded a judgment of ÂŁ57,000 against the UK government. McDonald's itself was not involved in, or a party to, this action, as applications to the ECHR are independent cases filed against the relevant
389:
paper read in court. Steel and Morris were found liable on several points, but the judge also found some of the points in the factsheet were true. McDonald's considered this a legal victory, though it was tempered by the judge's endorsement of some of the allegations in the sheet. Specifically, Bell ruled that McDonald's endangered the
587:
Having largely beaten McDonald's ... we have now exposed the notoriously oppressive and unfair UK laws. As a result of the ... ruling today, the government may be forced to amend or scrap some of the existing UK laws. We hope that this will result in greater public scrutiny and criticism of
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proceedings against five London
Greenpeace supporters, Paul Gravett, Andrew Clarke and Jonathan O'Farrell, as well as Steel and Morris, for distributing the sheet on the streets of London. This case followed past instances in which McDonald's threatened to sue more than fifty organisations for libel,
457:
As a result of their further findings against the corporation, the three Lord
Justices reduced Mr Justice Bell's award of ÂŁ60,000 damages to McDonald's by ÂŁ20,000. The court ruled against the argument by Steel and Morris that multinational corporations should no longer be able to sue for libel over
388:
The case was adjudicated by Mr
Justice Rodger Bell. On 19 June 1997, Bell delivered his more than 1,000-page judgment largely in favour of McDonald's, finding the claims that McDonald's was responsible for starvation and deforestation were false and libellous. The ruling was summarized by a 45-page
540:
and ordered that the UK government pay Steel and Morris ÂŁ57,000 in compensation. In their ruling, the ECHR criticised the way in which UK laws had failed to protect the public right to criticise corporations whose business practices affect people's lives and the environment (which violates
Article
560:
The safeguard afforded by
Article 10 to journalists in relation to reporting on issues of general interest is subject to the proviso that they act in good faith in order to provide accurate and reliable information in accordance with the ethics of journalism ..., and the same principle must
450:, and a junior barrister, Timothy Atkinson, and Ms Pattie Brinley-Codd of Barlow, Lyde & Gilbert. Steel and Morris filed a 63-point appeal. They had requested a time extension, but were denied. The verdict for the appeal was handed down on 31 March, in Court 1 at the Royal Courts of Justice.
1617:
Through the McLibel case documents showed that McDonald's private investigators had been meeting with the
Metropolitan Police and getting information from them and we, after McLibel was over, we sued the Metropolitan Police for giving that information to McDonald's and they made an out of court
675:
Documents from the case showed that McDonald's private investigators had been receiving information from the
Metropolitan Police. The Metropolitan Police were sued over this, which was settled out of court and with an apology and the Metropolitan Police undertaking not to share information from
374:
In June 1995 McDonald's offered to settle the case (which "was coming up to its anniversary in court") by donating a large sum of money to a charity chosen by the two. They further specified they would drop the case if Steel and Morris agreed to "stop criticising McDonald's". Steel and Morris
548:
in a democratic society even small and informal campaign groups, such as London
Greenpeace, must be able to carry on their activities effectively and that there exists a strong public interest in enabling such groups and individuals outside the mainstream to contribute to the public debate by
335:
at the time, the defendant had to show that each disparaging statement made was substantively true. This could be an expensive and time-consuming process. Gravett, Clarke and O'Farrell apologised as requested by McDonald's, but Steel and Morris chose to defend the case.
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My former partner at the time I got the writ was an undercover policemen, obviously I did not know that until many years later, He was infiltrating London
Greenpeace, he became the treasurer of London Greenpeace, he was actively involved in the McLibel support
453:
The judges ruled it was fair comment to say that McDonald's employees worldwide "do badly in terms of pay and conditions" and true "if one eats enough McDonald's food, one's diet may well become high in fat, etc., with the very real risk of heart disease".
401:
and paid their workers low wages. Furthermore, although the decision awarded ÂŁ60,000 to the company, McDonald's legal costs were much greater, and the defendants lacked the funds to pay it. Steel and Morris immediately appealed against the decision.
572:
It is true that large public companies inevitably and knowingly lay themselves open to close scrutiny of their acts and, as in the case of the businessmen and women who manage them, the limits of acceptable criticism are wider in the case of such
639:
On a website aiming to state its view on issues raised about it, McDonald's stated that the case is in the past and the issues more so, and that both sides in it have moved on (although Morris and Steel did continue related litigation).
635:
film quoted McDonald's as offering little comment on the
European Court decision, other than to point out that it was the Government and not McDonald's who was the losing party and that "times have changed and so has McDonald's".
299:, a small environmental campaigning group that existed between 1972 and 2001. In 1986 they distributed "a few hundred copies" of a six-page leaflet titled "What's wrong with McDonald's: everything they don't want you to know" in
1033:"For 313 days in court – the longest trial in English history – an unemployed postal worker (Morris) and a community gardener (Steel) went to war with chief executives from the largest food empire in the world." p. 389 of
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In its libel allegation, McDonald's asserted all claims in the pamphlet to be false. They found it difficult to support this position despite the indirectness of some of the claims. The case eventually became a
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303:. The leaflet accused the company of paying low wages, cruelty to animals used in its products, damaging the environment, and other malpractices. The group were not affiliated with the larger
536:
On 15 February 2005, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that the original case had breached Article 6 (right to a fair trial) and Article 10 (right to freedom of expression) of the
225:, made it the longest-running libel case in English history. McDonald's announced it did not plan to collect the ÂŁ40,000 it was awarded by the courts. Following the decision, the
1001:
received a stiff letter. All of them backed down and many formally apologised in court." from Franny Armstrong, "Why Won't British TV Show a Film about McLibel?", 19 June 1998,
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487:: "The McLibel case has achieved what many lawyers thought impossible: to lower further the reputation of our law of defamation in the minds of all right thinking people."
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10); they also ruled that the trial was biased because of the defendants' comparative lack of resources and what they believed were complex and oppressive UK libel laws.
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1148:"The Court Service – Queens Bench Division – Judgment – McDonald's Corporation & McDonald's Restaurants Limited against Helen Marie Steel & David Morris"
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of their workers and customers by "misleading advertising", that they "exploit children", that they were "culpably responsible" in the infliction of unnecessary
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later reported that Lambert had co-written the leaflet that was central to the libel trial. Steel has stated that Dines became treasurer of London Greenpeace.
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An appeal began on 12 January 1999, and lasted 23 court days, ending on 26 February. The case was heard in Court 1 of the Court of Appeal in the
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The McLibel case also raised awareness about how defamation proceedings can harm the reputation of companies that raise them, similarly to the
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494:, arguing that their right to legal aid had been unjustly denied. When the Law Lords refused to accept the case, the pair formally retained
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343:, as was policy for libel cases, despite having limited income. Thus, they had to represent themselves, though they received significant
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609:. John Dines, another undercover officer, was Helen Steel's partner for two years; she was unaware of his true identity and motives.
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for disclosing confidential information to investigators hired by McDonald's and received ÂŁ10,000 and an apology for the disclosure.
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666:(SDS) it recounts the involvement of undercover policemen Bob Lambert and John Dines in the activities which led up to the trial.
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284:"What's wrong with McDonald's: everything they don't want you to know", the cover of the leaflet at the centre of the libel case
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975:"Over the past 15 years, McDonald's has threatened legal action against more than 90 organisations in the U.K., including the
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371:. McDonald's executives, including Ray Cesca, entered the witness box, enabling cross-examination by the defendants.
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In response to the European Court of Human Rights' decision, Steel and Morris issued the following press release:
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brought some changes to libel cases, which were expected to make it harder for corporations to abuse libel law.
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and David Morris (often referred to as "The McLibel Two") over a factsheet critical of the company. Each of two
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947:"McLibel – Mark Oliver examines the background to the longest civil or criminal case in British legal history"
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disseminating information and ideas on matters of general public interest such as health and the environment.
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in 1997. An extended version was produced in 2005, with estimated viewing figures in excess of 25 million.
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1727:), an exposé on fast food and the culture it has created, which mentions McLibel in its last few chapters.
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settlement and an apology and undertook not to share information from police computers with corporations
442:. The defendants represented themselves in court, assisted by first year law student Kalvin P. Chapman (
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1786:"Activists Win Partial Victory in Appeal Over McDonald's Libel Case", 31 March 1999, Associated Press.
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in English courts found some of the leaflet's contested claims to be libellous and others to be true.
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1705:, an extensive article on the case from the point of view of Dave Morris and Helen Steel appears in
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The documentary features courtroom reconstructions of the trial. It also features interviews with
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issues. Steel and Morris announced their intention to appeal over these and other points to the
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organisation, which they declined to join as they saw it as too "centralised and mainstream".
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1480:"Undercover UK police spy apologises after being tracked down by woman he deceived"
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In April 2022 the case was the subject for a programme in the BBC Radio 4 series
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351:. Steel and Morris called 180 witnesses, seeking to prove their assertions about
238:
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An anti-McDonald's leafleting campaign in front of the McDonald's restaurant in
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television and several major publications. In all such cases, the media outlets
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731:(who provided free legal support to the McLibel defendants for many years) and
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that the pair had been denied a fair trial, in breach of Article 6 of the
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918:"McLibel leaflet was co-written by undercover police officer Bob Lambert"
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Sid & Marty Krofft Television Productions Inc. v. McDonald's Corp.
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it was revealed that one of the authors of the "McLibel leaflet" was
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1395:"McDonald's gets a taste of defeat as Europe backs the McLibel Two"
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411:. This was updated in 2005 after the verdict of the final appeal.
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The original case lasted nearly ten years which, according to the
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European Court of Human Rights cases involving the United Kingdom
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1779:"Anti-McDonald's Activists Take Message Online", 27 March 1996,
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In 1998 a documentary film was made about the case, also titled
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1358:"Press Release – McLibel Support Campaign; 25th March 1999"
789:– documentary about the unionising a McDonald's in Montreal
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1270:"Press Release – McLibel Support Campaign; 6 January 1999"
1789:"Few Nuggets and Very Small Fries", p. 22; 20 June 1997,
1743:, Picador, (USA Reading Group imprint), and in Canada by
976:
222:
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University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid
874:
Chamber Judgment Steel and Morris v. The United Kingdom
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is titled "McSpies". In recounting the history of the
5769:
Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights
5125:
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
1498:"Defamation Act 2013: Libel Reform Campaign Briefing"
659:
Undercover: The True Story of Britain's Secret Police
5764:
Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights
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1661:by John Vidal (Macmillan, 1997; New Press, 1998)
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1187:"SUMMARY OF THE JUDGEMENT / Employment practices"
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1055:
515:
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2980:List of international animal welfare conventions
5809:Strategic lawsuits against public participation
5277:An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory
892:"20-year fight ends with libel law in the dock"
605:, an undercover police officer who infiltrated
446:). McDonald's were represented by libel lawyer
122:European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section)
4708:
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880:, 15 February 2005. Received 1 September 2008.
810:Strategic lawsuit against public participation
359:, misleading claims about how much McDonald's
2895:
1843:
1457:"Victory for McLibel 2 against UK Government"
1236:
1234:
2985:Moral status of animals in the ancient world
2737:McDonald's Restaurants v. Morris & Steel
1024:. followthethings.com Accessed 16 June 2014.
599:UK undercover policing relationships scandal
561:apply to others who engage in public debate.
19:"McLibel" redirects here. For the film, see
4952:Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society
4896:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
2923:Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases)
1739:, 490 pages, 1999. Published in the US by
1631:"29 Million Viewers for Banned McLibel Doc"
1478:Paul Farrell and Rob Evans (9 March 2016).
183:McDonald's Corporation v Steel & Morris
66:McDonald's Corporation v Steel & Morris
2902:
2888:
1850:
1836:
1420:European Court of Human Rights Application
1231:
842:"McLibel: Longest case in English history"
592:
5099:Media (books, films, periodicals, albums)
5036:Human Environment Animal Protection Party
1150:. Hmcourts-service.gov.uk. Archived from
5157:Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology
3409:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals
2139:World's Largest Entertainment McDonald's
1439:"HUDOC – European Court of Human Rights"
1129:
1127:
872:Press release issued by the Registrar. "
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3000:Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare
2433:The Wacky Adventures of Ronald McDonald
1857:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1340:"Curriculum Vitae – Patti Brinley-Codd"
916:Lewis, Paul; Rob Evans (21 June 2013).
802:– 1994 case about a woman who suffered
5746:
3077:Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness
2553:McDonald's sign (Pine Bluff, Arkansas)
1607:. BBC Radio 4. Event occurs at 31m03s
1575:. BBC Radio 4. Event occurs at 30m20s
944:
626:
5293:Political Animals and Animal Politics
5097:
4881:Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition
4806:Centre for Animals and Social Justice
4707:
3683:
3213:Concentrated animal feeding operation
2990:Timeline of animal welfare and rights
2945:Animal rights by country or territory
2921:
2883:
2109:McDonald's at the Will Rogers Archway
1831:
1514:
1322:"Curriculum Vitae – Timothy Atkinson"
1124:
1097:
957:
889:
414:In September 1998, the pair sued the
131:Steel & Morris v United Kingdom
16:Legal action against and by activists
5024:Animalist Party with the Environment
3306:Animal testing on non-human primates
1770:"McLibel in London", 20 March 1995,
1424:
1392:
1213:"Judgement Day Verdict – Highlights"
1027:
676:police computers with corporations.
5448:Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home
3653:World Day for the End of Speciesism
1685:(US). Afterword by Steel and Morris
1193:from the original on 24 August 2018
856:"McDonald's lets McLibel case rest"
836:"'McLibel' pair in fresh court bid"
690:A feature-length documentary film,
538:European Convention on Human Rights
235:European Convention on Human Rights
231:Steel & Morris v United Kingdom
81:Steel & Morris v United Kingdom
13:
5573:Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism
4916:United Activists for Animal Rights
4826:Doctors Against Animal Experiments
2960:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies
2477:McDonald's 1984 Olympics promotion
2409:McDonald's Treasure Land Adventure
1809:Summary of the 1997 Court Judgment
1393:Gibb, Frances (16 February 2005).
858:. AP. 19 July 1997. Archived from
721:(writer/director of the 2004 film
421:
397:, and they were "antipathetic" to
68:(Trial) and 3 procedural appeals (
14:
5820:
5117:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
5077:Animal Rights National Conference
5000:Animal Protection Party of Canada
4957:Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society
4811:Chinese Animal Protection Network
4736:American Anti-Vivisection Society
4210:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann
2965:Animal rights in Indian religions
2955:Animal rights and punk subculture
2909:
2723:Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
1797:
1517:"Can new Act clean up libel law?"
1102:McLibel: British Culture on Trial
945:Oliver, Mark (15 February 2005).
799:Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
490:Steel and Morris appealed to the
5724:
5723:
5285:Animal Rights Without Liberation
4936:Voice for Animals Humane Society
3663:World Day for the End of Fishing
3658:World Day for Laboratory Animals
3088:Equal consideration of interests
2869:List of nicknames for McDonald's
1659:McLibel: burger culture on trial
1242:"McLibel pair get police payout"
1219:from the original on 8 June 2019
890:Vidal, John (16 February 2005).
830:"McLibel pair get police payout"
310:
188:[1997] EWHC 366 (QB)
43:McDonald's Corp v Steel (No.4)
5754:2005 in United Kingdom case law
5006:Animal Justice Party of Finland
4891:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
4100:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
3688:(academics, writers, activists)
3581:Monkey selfie copyright dispute
2776:Sydney River McDonald's murders
2512:McDonald's Olympic Swim Stadium
2134:Ronald McDonald House Charities
1623:
1600:The Reunion – the McLibel Trial
1568:The Reunion – the McLibel Trial
1543:
1529:
1508:
1490:
1471:
1459:. McSpotlight. 15 February 2005
1449:
1413:
1386:
1374:
1368:
1350:
1332:
1314:
1284:
1262:
1205:
1179:
1166:
1140:
1091:
1069:
1039:
643:
5229:Animals, Property, and the Law
3301:Alternatives to animal testing
2970:Christianity and animal rights
2764:San Ysidro McDonald's massacre
2492:McDonald's Championship (golf)
1708:The Raven: Anarchist Quarterly
1292:"One Brick Court – Barristers"
1014:
969:
883:
878:European Court of Human Rights
866:
848:
822:
778:Gunns Limited v Marr & Ors
544:In particular the Court held:
516:European Court of Human Rights
510:European Court of Human Rights
472:European Court of Human Rights
430:. The case was adjudicated by
227:European Court of Human Rights
1:
4866:Korea Animal Rights Advocates
3571:Cambridge University primates
3103:Ethics of uncertain sentience
2813:McDonald's Young Entertainers
1652:
1215:. McSpotlight. 19 June 1997.
696:, was made about the case by
383:
265:
4926:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics
3071:Argument from marginal cases
2482:McDonald's All-American Game
2119:Oldest McDonald's restaurant
1923:Richard and Maurice McDonald
1821:Whats Wrong With McDonald's?
477:In response to the verdict,
315:In 1990, McDonald's brought
7:
5789:English defamation case law
5213:Morals, Reason, and Animals
4841:Farm Animal Rights Movement
4791:Anonymous for the Voiceless
3475:International primate trade
2950:Anarchism and animal rights
2831:Statue of a Quarter Pounder
2099:McDonald's Chicago Flagship
1690:McLibel: Two Worlds Collide
754:
664:Special Demonstration Squad
378:
347:assistance, including from
10:
5825:
5333:Making a Stand for Animals
5205:The Case for Animal Rights
4856:Hunt Saboteurs Association
4816:Cruelty Free International
4786:Anti-Vivisection Coalition
3311:Animal testing regulations
2770:Taiwan McDonald's bombings
2104:McDonald's #1 Store Museum
1902:International availability
1693:, documentary produced by
1515:Byrne, Matt (7 May 2013).
1106:. The New Press. pp.
683:
291:and David Morris were two
269:
260:
18:
5719:
5692:
5639:
5589:
5529:
5522:
5488:The Ghosts in Our Machine
5343:
5325:Animal Ethics in the Wild
5108:
5104:
5093:
5069:
4980:
4944:
4761:Animal Legal Defense Fund
4728:
4721:
4717:
4703:
4540:
4259:
4252:
4055:William Hamilton Drummond
3997:
3706:
3697:
3693:
3679:
3640:
3619:
3558:
3508:
3450:
3422:
3414:Welfare of farmed insects
3359:
3291:
3183:
3176:
3041:Animal–industrial complex
3008:
2932:
2928:
2917:
2865:(2020 documentary series)
2794:Magnificent Mile shooting
2753:
2714:
2689:Maxime, McDuff & McDo
2632:
2570:
2520:
2449:
2366:
2359:
2337:Buttermilk Crispy Tenders
2324:
2233:
2207:
2194:Quarter Pounder (McRoyal)
2166:
2157:
2144:eCrew Development Program
2066:
1915:
1887:Countries with franchises
1865:
1711:, issue 43 (published by
786:Maxime, McDuff & McDo
711:(author of the 2001 book
251:made a documentary film,
170:
165:
157:
152:
144:
136:
126:
118:
113:
91:
86:
76:
61:
56:
48:
38:
33:
5566:Journal of Animal Ethics
5432:Your Mommy Kills Animals
4821:Direct Action Everywhere
4225:Johann Heinrich Winckler
4170:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers
3627:Direct Action Everywhere
3331:Huntingdon Life Sciences
3316:Labcorp Drug Development
3273:Feedback (pork industry)
3238:Intensive animal farming
2975:History of animal rights
844:. BBC. 15 February 2005.
838:. BBC. 7 September 2004.
816:
679:
508:to file a case with the
305:Greenpeace International
161:M. Pellonpää (President)
148:application no. 68416/01
114:Subsequent ECHR decision
5759:Anti-corporate activism
5701:Holocaust on your Plate
5472:An Apology to Elephants
5253:Do Animals Have Rights?
5189:Animals, Men and Morals
5165:Better-World Philosophy
5042:Italian Animalist Party
4921:United Poultry Concerns
4876:Last Chance for Animals
4771:Animal Liberation Front
4658:Maud Ingersoll Probasco
3143:Replaceability argument
3061:Animal-free agriculture
2497:McDonald's Cycle Center
2487:McDonald's Championship
2241:McDonald's french fries
593:Post court developments
578:ECHR judgment, para. 94
566:ECHR judgment, para. 90
554:ECHR judgment, para. 89
532:season, 16 October 2004
428:Royal Courts of Justice
171:Freedom of expression,
70:McDonald's Corp v Steel
5779:Criticism of fast food
5674:Salvation of Innocents
5221:Zoos and Animal Rights
4796:Beauty Without Cruelty
4756:Animal Justice Project
4090:John Zephaniah Holwell
3744:Stephen St. C. Bostock
3321:Great ape research ban
2940:Animal rights movement
2618:Arcos Dorados Holdings
2507:McDonald's Super Smash
2342:Fruit and Walnut Salad
1745:Alfred A. Knopf Canada
1553:, followthethings.com.
793:McDonald's legal cases
738:The Oprah Winfrey Show
590:
581:
569:
557:
533:
333:English defamation law
285:
204:McDonald's Corporation
5804:McDonald's litigation
5774:Business ethics cases
5693:Fairs and exhibitions
5580:The Animals' Defender
5552:Cahiers antispécistes
5480:Speciesism: The Movie
5301:Animal (De)liberation
5261:Striking at the Roots
5173:The Universal Kinship
5133:The Rights of Animals
5054:People Animals Nature
5048:Party for the Animals
4861:In Defense of Animals
4623:Nina Douglas-Hamilton
4010:David Renaud Boullier
3596:Silver Spring monkeys
3495:Wild animal suffering
3404:Pain in invertebrates
3243:Intensive pig farming
3133:Opposition to hunting
3098:Ethics of eating meat
2666:McDonald's and unions
2660:McDonald's Video Game
2540:Fast food advertising
2502:McDonald's Gospelfest
1907:McDonald's and unions
1537:"Defamation Act 2013"
1502:www.niassembly.gov.uk
740:about Mad Cow disease
597:In the course of the
585:
570:
558:
546:
530:European Social Forum
528:, London, during the
523:
444:King's College London
283:
5309:Sentientist Politics
5237:The Lives of Animals
4988:Animal Justice Party
4801:Born Free Foundation
4638:Lizzy Lind af Hageby
4512:Wendy Turner-Webster
4220:Adam Gottlieb Weigen
3442:Recreational fishing
3283:Ventilation shutdown
3051:Animal protectionism
3031:Animal consciousness
2782:Murder of Wu Shuoyan
2074:Hamburger University
1098:Vidal, john (1997).
1077:"Statement of Claim"
466:, and then take the
339:The two were denied
5733:( 139 )
5559:Etica & Animali
5545:Between the Species
5269:An American Trilogy
4962:Humanitarian League
4573:Frances Power Cobbe
4185:Arthur Schopenhauer
4180:Henry Stephens Salt
4060:Edward Payson Evans
3754:Stephen R. L. Clark
3611:War of the currents
3500:Wildlife management
3394:Pain in crustaceans
3389:Pain in cephalopods
2825:Seriously McDonalds
2730:Magee v. McDonald's
2703:Don't Eat This Book
2403:McDonald's Monopoly
1880:marketing campaigns
1362:www.mcspotlight.org
1344:www.mcspotlight.org
1326:www.mcspotlight.org
1302:on 20 December 2008
832:. BBC. 5 July 2000.
772:Defamation Act 2013
627:McDonald's response
614:Defamation Act 2013
416:Metropolitan Police
5496:Unlocking the Cage
5317:Wild Animal Ethics
5141:The Ethics of Diet
5018:Animalist Movement
4994:Animal Politics EU
4906:Sentience Politics
4532:That Vegan Teacher
4145:Siobhan O'Sullivan
4130:José Ferrater Mora
3939:Steve F. Sapontzis
3432:Commercial fishing
3384:Pain in amphibians
3374:Cruelty to animals
3346:Operation Backfire
3185:Animal agriculture
3093:Emotion in animals
2623:Westlife Foodworld
2440:Grimace's Birthday
2043:Harry J. Sonneborn
2018:Michael R. Quinlan
1741:St. Martin's Press
1443:hudoc.echr.coe.int
862:on 6 October 2008.
804:third-degree burns
534:
432:Lord Justices Pill
395:cruelty to animals
286:
257:, about the case.
194:", was an English
5741:
5740:
5734:
5715:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5682:Onward to Freedom
5650:Animal Liberation
5635:
5634:
5456:Forks Over Knives
5408:Peaceable Kingdom
5368:Shores of Silence
5360:A Cow at My Table
5245:Eternal Treblinka
5197:Animal Liberation
5089:
5088:
5085:
5084:
4976:
4975:
4911:Uncaged Campaigns
4886:Mercy for Animals
4851:Great Ape Project
4766:Animal Liberation
4712:(groups, parties)
4699:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4598:Elizabeth Farians
4507:Christine Townend
4447:Heather Nicholson
4372:Brigitte Gothière
4362:Antoine Goetschel
4248:
4247:
3909:Charles Patterson
3814:Gary L. Francione
3789:Josephine Donovan
3779:Daniel Dombrowski
3759:Alasdair Cochrane
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3554:
3553:
3485:Predation problem
3369:Animal euthanasia
3278:Foam depopulation
3113:Insects in ethics
2877:
2876:
2566:
2565:
2387:Global Gladiators
2355:
2354:
2215:Chicken McNuggets
2149:Ice cream machine
2003:Chris Kempczinski
1988:Jack M. Greenberg
1968:Steve Easterbrook
1549:Skau, S. (2013),
1296:onebrickcourt.com
1272:. Mcspotlight.org
1079:. Mcspotlight.org
1020:Skau, S. (2013).
607:London Greenpeace
297:London Greenpeace
272:London Greenpeace
179:
178:
109:
108:
77:Subsequent action
5816:
5732:
5727:
5726:
5538:Animal Sentience
5527:
5526:
5392:Legally Blonde 2
5352:The Animals Film
5106:
5105:
5095:
5094:
4901:Rise for Animals
4726:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4705:
4704:
4568:Edith Carrington
4472:Craig Rosebraugh
4432:Virginia McKenna
4422:Jo-Anne McArthur
4352:Juliet Gellatley
4257:
4256:
4215:Mary Anne Warren
4155:Humphrey Primatt
4140:Edward Nicholson
4110:Charles R. Magel
4075:Thomas G. Gentry
3934:Richard D. Ryder
3874:Thomas Lepeltier
3704:
3703:
3695:
3694:
3681:
3680:
3648:World Animal Day
3606:Unnecessary Fuss
3566:Brown Dog affair
3536:Animals in sport
3526:Animal slaughter
3521:Animal sacrifice
3460:Culling wildlife
3263:Wildlife farming
3181:
3180:
3026:Animal cognition
2995:Total liberation
2930:
2929:
2919:
2918:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2881:
2880:
2643:Fast Food Nation
2534:Dreaming in Mono
2364:
2363:
2164:
2163:
2079:Leaps and Bounds
2033:James A. Skinner
1973:Janice L. Fields
1852:
1845:
1838:
1829:
1828:
1781:Associated Press
1751:Canada Limited.
1720:Fast Food Nation
1702:McWorld on Trial
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1614:
1612:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1563:
1554:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1539:. 24 March 2014.
1533:
1527:
1526:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1435:
1422:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1390:
1384:
1383:, 24 April 1999.
1378:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1298:. Archived from
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1238:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1183:
1177:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1144:
1138:
1131:
1122:
1121:
1105:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1050:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1018:
1012:
973:
967:
961:
955:
954:
942:
933:
932:
930:
928:
913:
902:
901:
887:
881:
870:
864:
863:
852:
846:
845:
839:
833:
826:
762:English tort law
735:who appeared on
714:Fast Food Nation
698:Franny Armstrong
621:Streisand effect
579:
567:
555:
526:Leicester Square
440:Mr Justice Keene
328:and apologised.
245:Franny Armstrong
229:(ECHR) ruled in
190:, known as "the
153:Court membership
140:15 February 2005
111:
110:
87:Court membership
31:
30:
5824:
5823:
5819:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5814:
5813:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5737:
5707:
5688:
5631:
5612:Muutoksen kevät
5585:
5518:
5424:Behind the Mask
5339:
5149:Animals' Rights
5100:
5081:
5065:
4972:
4940:
4713:
4687:
4548:Cleveland Amory
4536:
4502:Darren Thurston
4497:Marianne Thieme
4347:Bruce Friedrich
4312:Joey Carbstrong
4297:Brigitte Bardot
4244:
4235:Jon Wynne-Tyson
4125:J. Howard Moore
4070:John Galsworthy
4050:Wilhelm Dietler
3993:
3989:Corey Lee Wrenn
3899:Martha Nussbaum
3809:Lawrence Finsen
3749:Paola Cavalieri
3724:Kristin Andrews
3699:
3689:
3667:
3636:
3615:
3550:
3504:
3446:
3418:
3379:Pain in animals
3355:
3287:
3253:Poultry farming
3172:
3004:
2924:
2913:
2908:
2878:
2873:
2847:Boom, Like That
2788:Munich shooting
2749:
2710:
2654:McDonaldization
2628:
2612:Vkusno i tochka
2562:
2516:
2445:
2351:
2320:
2229:
2203:
2153:
2129:Ronald McDonald
2062:
2038:Donald N. Smith
1911:
1861:
1856:
1800:
1655:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1637:. 4 August 2004
1629:
1628:
1624:
1610:
1608:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1578:
1576:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1548:
1544:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1513:
1509:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1476:
1472:
1462:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1437:
1436:
1425:
1418:
1414:
1404:
1402:
1391:
1387:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1305:
1303:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1253:
1251:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1222:
1220:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1096:
1092:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1062:
1053:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1028:
1019:
1015:
1007:; as quoted in
974:
970:
962:
958:
943:
936:
926:
924:
914:
905:
888:
884:
871:
867:
854:
853:
849:
840:
834:
828:
827:
823:
819:
814:
806:from hot coffee
767:Chilling effect
757:
719:Morgan Spurlock
688:
682:
646:
629:
595:
580:
577:
568:
565:
556:
553:
518:
460:public interest
448:Richard Rampton
424:
422:Court of Appeal
386:
381:
313:
278:
270:Main articles:
268:
263:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5822:
5812:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5735:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5705:
5696:
5694:
5690:
5689:
5687:
5686:
5678:
5670:
5662:
5654:
5645:
5643:
5637:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5630:
5629:
5622:
5615:
5608:
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5593:
5591:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5583:
5576:
5569:
5562:
5555:
5548:
5541:
5533:
5531:
5524:
5520:
5519:
5517:
5516:
5508:
5500:
5492:
5484:
5476:
5468:
5460:
5452:
5444:
5436:
5428:
5420:
5412:
5404:
5396:
5388:
5384:Meet Your Meat
5380:
5372:
5364:
5356:
5347:
5345:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5337:
5329:
5321:
5313:
5305:
5297:
5289:
5281:
5273:
5265:
5257:
5249:
5241:
5233:
5225:
5217:
5209:
5201:
5193:
5185:
5181:The New Ethics
5177:
5169:
5161:
5153:
5145:
5137:
5129:
5121:
5112:
5110:
5102:
5101:
5091:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5079:
5073:
5071:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5057:
5051:
5045:
5039:
5033:
5027:
5021:
5015:
5012:Animals' Party
5009:
5003:
4997:
4991:
4984:
4982:
4978:
4977:
4974:
4973:
4971:
4970:
4965:
4959:
4954:
4948:
4946:
4942:
4941:
4939:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4781:AnimaNaturalis
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4751:Animal Justice
4748:
4743:
4738:
4732:
4730:
4723:
4715:
4714:
4701:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4683:Gretchen Wyler
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4613:Lewis Gompertz
4610:
4605:
4603:Emarel Freshel
4600:
4595:
4593:Muriel Dowding
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4544:
4542:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4527:Gary Yourofsky
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4442:Ingrid Newkirk
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4382:Charlotte Laws
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4307:Yves Bonnardel
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4282:Martin Balluch
4279:
4274:
4269:
4263:
4261:
4254:
4250:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4230:Steven M. Wise
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4175:Bernard Rollin
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4135:Leonard Nelson
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4040:Herman Daggett
4037:
4032:
4030:Priscilla Cohn
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4005:Jeremy Bentham
4001:
3999:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3919:Jessica Pierce
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3849:Kyle Johannsen
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3774:David DeGrazia
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3714:Carol J. Adams
3710:
3708:
3701:
3691:
3690:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3623:
3621:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3586:Pit of despair
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3516:Abandoned pets
3512:
3510:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3456:
3454:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3363:
3361:Animal welfare
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3336:Model organism
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3297:
3295:
3293:Animal testing
3289:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3268:Working animal
3265:
3260:
3258:Slaughterhouse
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3233:Insect farming
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3193:Animal product
3189:
3187:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3148:Sentiocentrism
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3056:Animal welfare
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2934:
2926:
2925:
2915:
2914:
2907:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2884:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2858:
2850:
2843:
2838:
2836:Taylor Company
2833:
2828:
2821:
2816:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2779:
2773:
2767:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2656:
2651:
2638:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2620:
2615:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2542:
2537:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2471:IndyCar Series
2464:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2427:Teenie Beanies
2424:
2419:
2412:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2311:Shamrock Shake
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2170:
2168:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2058:George T. Yang
2055:
2053:Fred L. Turner
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1799:
1798:External links
1796:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1784:
1777:
1768:
1728:
1725:Eric Schlosser
1716:
1698:
1686:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1622:
1590:
1555:
1542:
1528:
1507:
1489:
1470:
1448:
1423:
1412:
1385:
1373:
1367:
1349:
1331:
1313:
1283:
1261:
1230:
1204:
1178:
1165:
1154:on 5 June 2008
1139:
1123:
1116:
1090:
1068:
1051:
1038:
1026:
1013:
968:
956:
934:
903:
882:
865:
847:
820:
818:
815:
813:
812:
807:
795:
790:
782:
774:
769:
764:
758:
756:
753:
709:Eric Schlosser
686:McLibel (film)
684:Main article:
681:
678:
645:
642:
628:
625:
594:
591:
575:
563:
551:
517:
514:
474:if necessary.
464:House of Lords
423:
420:
385:
382:
380:
377:
353:food poisoning
312:
309:
301:Strand, London
267:
264:
262:
259:
177:
176:
168:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
150:
149:
146:
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
128:
127:Full case name
124:
123:
120:
116:
115:
107:
106:
93:
92:Judges sitting
89:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
63:
59:
58:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
40:
39:Full case name
36:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5821:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5730:
5722:
5721:
5718:
5703:
5702:
5698:
5697:
5695:
5691:
5684:
5683:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5671:
5668:
5667:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5658:Tame Yourself
5655:
5652:
5651:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5628:
5627:
5623:
5621:
5620:
5619:No Compromise
5616:
5614:
5613:
5609:
5607:
5606:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5588:
5582:
5581:
5577:
5575:
5574:
5570:
5568:
5567:
5563:
5561:
5560:
5556:
5554:
5553:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5542:
5540:
5539:
5535:
5534:
5532:
5528:
5525:
5521:
5514:
5513:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5437:
5434:
5433:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5421:
5418:
5417:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5393:
5389:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5370:
5369:
5365:
5362:
5361:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5342:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5306:
5303:
5302:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5178:
5175:
5174:
5170:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5122:
5120:(3rd century)
5119:
5118:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5096:
5092:
5078:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5068:
5061:
5058:
5055:
5052:
5050:(Netherlands)
5049:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5037:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5022:
5019:
5016:
5013:
5010:
5007:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4969:
4966:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4943:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4776:Animal Rising
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4746:Animal Ethics
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4727:
4724:
4720:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4702:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4643:Jessie Mackay
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4618:James Granger
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4553:Henry B. Amos
4551:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4539:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4522:Louise Wallis
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4487:Kim Stallwood
4485:
4483:
4482:Jasmin Singer
4480:
4478:
4477:Nathan Runkle
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4462:David Olivier
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4342:John Feldmann
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4317:Aymeric Caron
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4287:Carole Baskin
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4190:Laurids Smith
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4160:James Rachels
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4105:John Lawrence
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4015:Brigid Brophy
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3979:Tatjana Višak
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3969:David Sztybel
3967:
3965:
3964:Cass Sunstein
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3929:Mark Rowlands
3927:
3925:
3924:Evelyn Pluhar
3922:
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3917:
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3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3879:Andrew Linzey
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3864:Will Kymlicka
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3844:Dale Jamieson
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3824:Valéry Giroux
3822:
3820:
3819:Robert Garner
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3784:Sue Donaldson
3782:
3780:
3777:
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3767:
3765:
3764:J. M. Coetzee
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
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3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3729:Tom Beauchamp
3727:
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3709:
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3632:Hunt sabotage
3630:
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3620:Methodologies
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3476:
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3465:Hare coursing
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3209:
3208:Chick culling
3206:
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3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
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3188:
3186:
3182:
3179:
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3168:Vegetarianism
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3159:
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3149:
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3144:
3141:
3139:
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3069:
3067:
3066:Anthrozoology
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
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3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:Animal ethics
3034:
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3022:
3019:
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2911:Animal rights
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2841:Urban legends
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2834:
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2829:
2826:
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2807:Big Mac Index
2805:
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2795:
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2768:
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2699:
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2697:
2696:Super Size Me
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2458:
2457:Bubba Wallace
2455:
2454:
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2393:Golden Arches
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2316:Grimace Shake
2314:
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2200:
2197:
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2192:
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2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2165:
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2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
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2069:
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2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2028:Willard Scott
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2013:Herb Peterson
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1963:Dan Coudreaut
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1953:Jim Cantalupo
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:Ralph Alvarez
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
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1920:
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1848:
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1841:
1839:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1819:Full text of
1817:
1815:
1814:ECHR judgment
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1765:0-312-27192-1
1762:
1759:(hardcover);
1758:
1757:0-312-20343-8
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:Freedom Press
1710:
1709:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1695:Spanner Films
1692:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1683:1-56584-411-4
1680:
1677:(paperback),
1676:
1675:0-330-35237-7
1672:
1669:(hardcover),
1668:
1667:0-333-69461-9
1664:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1636:
1635:Spanner Films
1632:
1626:
1619:
1606:
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1345:
1341:
1335:
1327:
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1301:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1271:
1265:
1250:. 5 July 2000
1249:
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1188:
1182:
1175:
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1130:
1128:
1119:
1117:9781565844117
1113:
1109:
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1103:
1094:
1078:
1072:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1000:
999:Prince Philip
996:
992:
991:
986:
982:
978:
972:
966:
960:
952:
948:
941:
939:
923:
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779:
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765:
763:
760:
759:
752:
750:
749:
743:
741:
739:
734:
730:
726:
725:
724:Super Size Me
720:
716:
715:
710:
705:
703:
699:
695:
694:
687:
677:
673:
671:
670:
665:
661:
660:
655:
651:
648:Chapter 5 of
641:
637:
634:
624:
622:
617:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
589:
584:
574:
562:
550:
545:
542:
539:
531:
527:
522:
513:
511:
507:
504:
500:
499:Mark Stephens
497:
493:
488:
486:
485:
480:
479:David Pannick
475:
473:
469:
468:UK government
465:
461:
455:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
419:
417:
412:
410:
409:
403:
400:
396:
392:
376:
372:
370:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
337:
334:
329:
327:
323:
318:
311:Libel charges
308:
306:
302:
298:
295:activists of
294:
293:environmental
290:
282:
277:
273:
258:
256:
255:
250:
246:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
208:environmental
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
184:
174:
169:
164:
160:
158:Judge sitting
156:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
132:
129:
125:
121:
117:
112:
105:
101:
97:
94:
90:
85:
82:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:
62:Prior actions
60:
55:
51:
47:
44:
41:
37:
32:
29:
25:
23:
5699:
5680:
5672:
5664:
5656:
5648:
5624:
5617:
5610:
5603:
5596:
5578:
5571:
5564:
5557:
5550:
5543:
5536:
5510:
5502:
5494:
5486:
5478:
5470:
5462:
5454:
5446:
5438:
5430:
5422:
5414:
5406:
5398:
5390:
5382:
5374:
5366:
5358:
5350:
5331:
5323:
5315:
5307:
5299:
5291:
5283:
5275:
5267:
5259:
5251:
5243:
5235:
5227:
5219:
5211:
5203:
5195:
5187:
5179:
5171:
5163:
5155:
5147:
5139:
5131:
5123:
5115:
4968:Oxford Group
4836:Every Animal
4729:Contemporary
4678:Andrew Tyler
4668:Nell Shipman
4608:André Géraud
4517:Jerry Vlasak
4492:Lynda Stoner
4467:Alex Pacheco
4397:Evanna Lynch
4392:Howard Lyman
4377:Wayne Hsiung
4337:Chris DeRose
4327:Rod Coronado
4260:Contemporary
4200:Thomas Tryon
4120:Mary Midgley
4115:Jean Meslier
4095:Soame Jenyns
4085:John Hildrop
4080:Arthur Helps
4045:Richard Dean
4020:Peter Buchan
3959:Gary Steiner
3954:Peter Singer
3949:JĂ©rĂ´me Segal
3914:David Pearce
3904:Clare Palmer
3894:David Nibert
3884:Clair Linzey
3794:Joan Dunayer
3719:Aysha Akhtar
3707:Contemporary
3576:McLibel case
3575:
3531:Animal trial
3490:Seal hunting
3452:Wild animals
3437:Fishing bait
3399:Pain in fish
3218:Fish farming
3198:Battery cage
3118:Meat paradox
3075:
3016:Abolitionism
2860:
2852:
2811:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2681:
2658:
2641:
2544:
2532:
2467:Graham Rahal
2450:Sponsorships
2438:
2431:
2414:
2407:
2385:
2378:
2306:Premium line
2251:Filet-O-Fish
2179:Big N' Tasty
2114:McDonaldland
2048:Don Thompson
2008:June Martino
1958:George Cohon
1948:Al Bernardin
1943:Charlie Bell
1897:Product list
1820:
1791:The Guardian
1790:
1771:
1749:Random House
1730:
1718:
1706:
1700:
1688:
1658:
1639:. Retrieved
1625:
1616:
1609:. Retrieved
1604:
1599:
1593:
1584:
1577:. Retrieved
1572:
1567:
1545:
1531:
1520:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1484:The Guardian
1483:
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1451:
1442:
1415:
1403:. Retrieved
1398:
1388:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1343:
1334:
1325:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:the original
1295:
1286:
1274:. Retrieved
1264:
1252:. Retrieved
1245:
1221:. Retrieved
1207:
1195:. Retrieved
1181:
1173:
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1152:the original
1142:
1134:
1101:
1093:
1081:. Retrieved
1071:
1063:
1046:
1041:
1034:
1029:
1016:
1008:
1004:The Guardian
1002:
995:Scottish TUC
988:
984:
971:
964:
959:
951:The Guardian
950:
925:. Retrieved
922:The Guardian
921:
897:The Guardian
895:
885:
868:
860:the original
850:
824:
797:
784:
776:
746:
744:
737:
733:Howard Lyman
729:Keir Starmer
722:
712:
706:
691:
689:
674:
669:The Guardian
667:
657:
656:' 2012 book
647:
644:Later events
638:
632:
630:
618:
611:
596:
586:
582:
571:
559:
547:
543:
535:
506:Keir Starmer
489:
482:
476:
456:
452:
425:
413:
407:
404:
399:unionisation
387:
373:
369:media circus
365:
349:Keir Starmer
338:
330:
314:
287:
252:
243:
230:
220:
192:McLibel case
191:
182:
181:
180:
130:
80:
69:
65:
57:Case history
52:19 June 1997
42:
34:McLibel case
28:
21:
5784:DIY culture
5523:Periodicals
5400:The Meatrix
5376:The Witness
4990:(Australia)
4964:(1891–1919)
4846:Faunalytics
4673:Henry Spira
4663:Hans Ruesch
4653:Jill Phipps
4648:Norm Phelps
4628:Barry Horne
4588:Royal Dixon
4583:Karen Davis
4563:Ernest Bell
4457:Ric O'Barry
4452:Jack Norris
4417:Dan Mathews
4322:Jake Conroy
4292:Barbi Twins
4267:James Aspey
4205:Gary Varner
4195:John Styles
4035:Henry Crowe
3984:Paul Waldau
3974:Michael Tye
3869:Renan Larue
3854:Melanie Joy
3839:Oscar Horta
3834:John Hadley
3804:Catia Faria
3799:Mylan Engel
3769:Alice Crary
3739:Steven Best
3734:Marc Bekoff
3700:and writers
3641:Observances
3546:Live export
3480:Ivory trade
3351:Vivisection
3326:Green Scare
3223:Fur farming
3128:Open rescue
3123:Nonviolence
2857:(2016 film)
2854:The Founder
2715:Legal cases
2603:Philippines
2593:New Zealand
2549:(1988 film)
2528:Burger wars
2398:Mac Tonight
2380:Donald Land
2374:Changeables
2360:Advertising
2332:Arch Deluxe
2256:Georgie Pie
2184:Deluxe line
1998:EikĹŤ Harada
1892:Legal cases
1875:Advertising
1804:McSpotlight
1767:(softcover)
1737:Naomi Klein
1605:The Reunion
1573:The Reunion
1306:15 February
1276:13 November
1158:13 November
1083:13 November
1066:film, 1998.
748:The Reunion
603:Bob Lambert
289:Helen Steel
276:Helen Steel
212:Helen Steel
175:, legal aid
5748:Categories
5512:Seaspiracy
5416:Earthlings
5056:(Portugal)
5030:DierAnimal
4945:Historical
4741:Animal Aid
4633:Marie Huot
4578:Joan Court
4558:Bob Barker
4541:Historical
4427:LuĂsa Mell
4407:Keith Mann
4402:Bill Maher
4387:Ronnie Lee
4357:Tal Gilboa
4332:Karen Dawn
4272:Greg Avery
4150:Rod Preece
4065:T. Forster
4025:Mona Caird
3998:Historical
3859:Hilda Kean
3829:Lori Gruen
3163:Vegaphobia
3153:Speciesism
3046:Animal law
2862:McMillions
2802:McDelivery
2546:Mac and Me
2276:McGriddles
2261:Happy Meal
2225:Snack Wrap
2189:Kiwiburger
1983:Don Gorske
1978:Den Fujita
1859:McDonald's
1653:References
1641:17 January
1522:The Lawyer
1405:29 January
1133:p. 387 of
1045:p. 389 of
963:p. 388 of
650:Paul Lewis
573:companies.
384:High Court
320:including
266:Background
210:activists
5666:Manifesto
5605:Bite Back
5590:Magazines
5464:Vegucated
5062:(Germany)
5060:V-ParteiÂł
5038:(Germany)
5032:(Belgium)
5008:(Finland)
4831:Equanimal
4437:Morrissey
4412:Jim Mason
4367:Mark Gold
4302:Gene Baur
4277:Matt Ball
4253:Activists
4165:Tom Regan
3944:Jeff Sebo
3889:Dan Lyons
3698:Academics
3686:Advocates
3541:Live food
3341:Nafovanny
3248:Livestock
3228:Fur trade
3203:Bile bear
3138:Personism
2933:Overviews
2676:McRefugee
2634:Criticism
2558:Supersize
2416:M.C. Kids
2367:Campaigns
2220:McChicken
2124:PlayPlace
1993:Lou Groen
1933:Joan Kroc
1823:factsheet
1551:"McLibel"
1399:The Times
1381:The Times
1137:, 1st ed.
1022:"McLibel"
981:Channel 4
702:Ken Loach
654:Rob Evans
503:barrister
496:solicitor
492:Law Lords
484:The Times
355:, unpaid
341:legal aid
322:Channel 4
249:Ken Loach
202:filed by
72:No.1 – 3)
5799:Food law
5729:Category
5598:Arkangel
5530:Journals
5504:Dominion
5440:The Cove
5070:Activism
5014:(Sweden)
5002:(Canada)
4996:(Europe)
4710:Movement
4240:Voltaire
3158:Veganism
3108:Ethology
3009:Concepts
2760:Attacks
2598:Pakistan
2571:Branches
2347:McAfrika
2301:McVeggie
2281:McMuffin
2271:McFlurry
2266:McArabia
2246:BTS Meal
2199:McDouble
2159:Products
2023:Ed Rensi
1928:Ray Kroc
1611:18 April
1586:campaign
1579:18 April
1401:. London
1247:BBC News
1217:Archived
1191:Archived
985:Guardian
755:See also
576:—
564:—
552:—
481:said in
379:Judgment
361:recycled
357:overtime
345:pro bono
216:hearings
206:against
166:Keywords
145:Citation
5044:(Italy)
5026:(Spain)
5020:(Italy)
4981:Parties
3470:Hunting
3424:Fishing
3083:Carnism
2819:McWords
2754:Related
2682:McLibel
2625:(India)
2521:Related
2296:McVegan
2286:McPlant
2208:Chicken
2174:Big Mac
2094:CosMc's
2084:McBarge
2067:Company
1870:History
1773:Fortune
1732:No Logo
1463:14 July
1223:14 July
1174:No Logo
1135:No Logo
1064:McLibel
1047:No Logo
1035:No Logo
1009:No Logo
990:The Sun
965:No Logo
927:21 June
693:McLibel
633:McLibel
470:to the
408:McLibel
326:settled
261:History
254:McLibel
196:lawsuit
137:Decided
104:Keene J
96:Pill LJ
49:Decided
22:McLibel
5731:
5704:(2003)
5685:(2014)
5677:(2014)
5669:(2008)
5661:(1991)
5653:(1987)
5641:Albums
5515:(2021)
5507:(2018)
5499:(2016)
5491:(2013)
5483:(2013)
5475:(2013)
5467:(2011)
5459:(2011)
5451:(2009)
5443:(2009)
5435:(2007)
5427:(2006)
5419:(2005)
5411:(2004)
5403:(2003)
5395:(2003)
5387:(2002)
5379:(2000)
5371:(2000)
5363:(1998)
5355:(1981)
5336:(2022)
5328:(2022)
5320:(2020)
5312:(2018)
5304:(2016)
5296:(2014)
5288:(2012)
5280:(2010)
5272:(2009)
5264:(2008)
5256:(2005)
5248:(2001)
5240:(1999)
5232:(1995)
5224:(1993)
5216:(1987)
5208:(1983)
5200:(1975)
5192:(1971)
5184:(1907)
5176:(1906)
5168:(1899)
5160:(1897)
5152:(1892)
5144:(1883)
5136:(1838)
5128:(1824)
4722:Groups
3177:Issues
3021:Ahimsa
2796:(2022)
2790:(2016)
2784:(2014)
2778:(1992)
2772:(1992)
2766:(1984)
2608:Russia
2588:Israel
2583:France
2578:Canada
2461:NASCAR
2422:McKids
2325:Former
2089:McCafé
1916:People
1763:
1755:
1681:
1673:
1665:
1254:12 May
1197:26 May
1114:
993:, the
983:, the
876:" The
391:health
331:Under
100:May LJ
24:(film)
5626:Satya
5344:Films
5109:Books
4931:Viva!
3559:Cases
3509:Other
2671:McJob
2291:McRib
2234:Other
1108:11–20
817:Notes
680:Media
317:libel
239:state
200:libel
186:
173:libel
119:Court
4871:L214
3591:SHAC
2648:film
2167:Beef
1761:ISBN
1753:ISBN
1723:(by
1679:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1663:ISBN
1643:2009
1613:2023
1581:2023
1465:2006
1407:2011
1308:2008
1278:2008
1256:2007
1225:2006
1199:2013
1160:2008
1112:ISBN
1085:2008
929:2013
700:and
652:and
631:The
612:The
501:and
438:and
434:and
274:and
247:and
198:for
1747:of
977:BBC
727:),
717:),
436:May
223:BBC
5750::
1735:,
1633:.
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1054:^
987:,
979:,
949:.
937:^
920:.
906:^
894:.
751:.
742:.
623:.
241:.
102:,
98:,
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2896:t
2889:v
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2650:)
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2610:(
2473:)
2469:(
2463:)
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1837:v
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