112:
economic policies, domestic and international trade regulations, and intellectual property policies. The
Working Party Members submit written questions to the applicant to clarify aspects of its foreign trade regime with particular attention being paid to the degree of privatization in the economy and the extent to which government regulation is transparent. After all necessary background information has been acquired, the Working Party will begin meeting to focus on issues of discrepancy between the WTO rules and the Applicant's international and domestic trade policies and laws. The WP determines the terms and conditions of entry into the WTO for the applicant nation, and may consider transitional periods to allow countries some leeway in complying with the WTO rules.
4919:
4805:
1037:
286:
5272:
3424:
968:
893:
427:
3790:
1062:
4078:
4712:
1309:
3815:
3374:
5259:
846:
1112:
8096:
3640:
116:
other policies in goods and services. The new member's commitments are to apply equally to all WTO members under normal non-discrimination rules, even though they are negotiated bilaterally. In other words, the talks determine the benefits (in the form of export opportunities and guarantees) other WTO members can expect when the new member joins. The talks can be highly complicated; it has been said that in some cases the negotiations are almost as large as an entire round of multilateral trade negotiations.
3956:
552:
355:
1209:
4758:
5200:
129:
3127:
4103:
3202:
3011:
2886:
4128:
3909:
2376:
1794:
5057:
4735:
3665:
3540:
3471:
749:
5311:
4988:
4643:
3399:
2911:
1403:
1015:
2213:
5080:
4620:
3837:
3518:
2742:
2623:
2263:
2166:
1334:
1087:
871:
502:
5337:
2789:
2448:
2423:
1597:
5159:
3715:
2936:
2401:
4200:
3565:
2648:
1994:
1894:
1744:
380:
527:
4781:
4294:
3615:
3152:
2720:
2498:
1869:
1284:
799:
727:
652:
5246:
3884:
3859:
3740:
3590:
3252:
3080:
2523:
1450:
1259:
990:
821:
1522:
5233:
4666:
4597:
4056:
3981:
2986:
2814:
2698:
2354:
2094:
2019:
1944:
1919:
1719:
1356:
1137:
774:
627:
477:
405:
4965:
4873:
4574:
4225:
4178:
4153:
3493:
3302:
2839:
2764:
2329:
1622:
1428:
1234:
452:
308:
69:
5350:
5285:
4942:
4006:
2307:
2238:
2144:
2044:
1819:
1184:
702:
577:
4689:
4269:
4031:
3349:
3105:
3033:
2673:
2473:
1769:
1694:
1475:
330:
5011:
3449:
1844:
1572:
5324:
5298:
5034:
4896:
4247:
3934:
3277:
2961:
2864:
2598:
2573:
2188:
1669:
1378:
943:
602:
1644:
3058:
1497:
1159:
4850:
4827:
3177:
2548:
2285:
918:
3765:
3227:
677:
3327:
1547:
2069:
3690:
2119:
1969:
6184:
6155:
120:
or
Ministerial Conference. Once the General Council or Ministerial Conference approves of the terms of accession, the applicant's parliament must ratify the Protocol of Accession before it can become a member. The documents used in the accession process which are embargoed during the accession process are released once the nation becomes a member.
6571:
6188:
6159:
106:
A country wishing to accede to the WTO submits an application to the
General Council. The government applying for membership has to describe all aspects of its trade and economic policies that have a bearing on WTO agreements. The application is submitted to the WTO in a memorandum which is examined
119:
When the bilateral talks conclude, the working party finalizes the terms of accession, sends an accession package, which includes a summary of all the WP meetings, the
Protocol of Accession (a draft membership treaty), and lists ("schedules") of the member-to-be's commitments to the General Council
48:
An offer of accession is given once consensus is reached among members. The process takes about five years, on average, but it can take some countries almost a decade if the country is less than fully committed to the process, or if political issues interfere. The shortest accession negotiation was
231:
must start their accession negotiations within five years of becoming observers. The last country admitted as observer-only before applying for full membership was
Equatorial Guinea in 2002, but since 2007 it is also in full membership negotiations. In 2007 Liberia and Comoros applied directly for
115:
The final phase of accession involves bilateral negotiations between the applicant nation and other
Working Party members regarding the concessions and commitments on tariff levels and market access for goods and services. These talks cover tariff rates and specific market access commitments, and
111:
of members—consisting of Canada, the
European Union, Japan, and the United States—and an applicant's neighboring countries are typically most involved. The applicant then presents a detailed memorandum to the Working Party on its foreign trade regime, describing, among other things, its economy,
6549:
199:
are dually represented, as the EU is a full member of the organization. Other autonomous entities are eligible for full membership in the WTO provided that they have a separate customs territory with full autonomy in the conduct of their external commercial relations. Thus,
41:. They obtained this status at the entry into force on 1 January 1995 or upon their date of ratification. All other members have joined the organization as a result of negotiation, and membership consists of a balance of rights and obligations. The process of becoming a
257:
A membership offer requires a two-thirds majority vote among existing members, while the granting of observer status requires a simple majority. Observers have speaking rights after members have spoken, but not the right to submit proposals or voting rights.
6499:
5183:
until 2009 and under the name
Palestine from 2011 onward. Palestine is not listed as an "observer government" like other observer states, and is instead listed under "other observers" in the same category as non-state observers such as the
49:
that of
Kyrgyzstan, lasting 2 years and 10 months. The longest were that of Russia, lasting 19 years and 2 months, Vanuatu, lasting 17 years and 1 month, Comoros, lasting 16 years and 10 months, and China, lasting 15 years and 5 months.
191:
but subsequently withdrew from the treaty prior to the establishment of the WTO. China and
Liberia have since acceded to the WTO. The remaining WTO members acceded after first becoming WTO observers and negotiating membership.
245:
Russia was one of the only two large economies outside of the WTO after Saudi Arabia joined in 2005. It had begun negotiating to join the WTO's predecessor in 1993. The final major point of contention—related to the
107:
by a working party open to all interested WTO Members, and dealing with the country's application. For large countries such as Russia, numerous countries participate in this process. For smaller countries, the
6712:
4554:
The following table lists all 23 WTO observers. Within five years of being granted observer status by the WTO, states are required to begin negotiating their accession to the organization.
5192:. Palestine applied for observer state status on 2 October 2009 and 12 April 2010. As of 2 December 2016, Palestine had expressed an interest in joining the WTO as a full member.
7051:
6732:
Farah, Paolo (August 2006). "Five Years of China WTO Membership. EU and US Perspectives about China's Compliance with Transparency Commitments and the Transitional Review Mechanism".
6382:
6172:
6143:
266:
The following table lists all current members, their accession date and previous GATT membership, of which there were 128 nations when the transformation was consummated.
45:(WTO) member is unique to each applicant country, and the terms of accession are dependent upon the country's stage of economic development and the current trade regime.
7091:
212:, which acceded to the WTO in 2002, and carefully crafted its application by joining under the name "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (
204:
became a GATT contracting party, by the now terminated "sponsorship" procedure of the United Kingdom (Hong Kong uses the name "Hong Kong, China" since 1997), as did
254:—was solved through mediation by Switzerland, leading to Russian membership in 2012. The other is Iran, which is an observer state and began negotiations in 1996.
8131:
7176:
7171:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7126:
7121:
7116:
6716:
6256:
6946:
5452:
8126:
7196:
6523:
6512:
7383:
247:
163:
As of August 2024, the WTO has 166 members. Of the 128 states party to GATT at the end of 1994, all have since become WTO members except for the
7061:
5842:
5816:
6173:
https://web.archive.org/web/20240120060846/https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/SS/directdoc.aspx?filename=Q:/GG/L6999/6806.PDF&Open=True
6144:
https://web.archive.org/web/20240120060735/https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/SS/directdoc.aspx?filename=Q:/GG/L5999/5986.PDF&Open=True
5919:
7758:
6237:
6536:"WTO | Ministerial conferences - Eleventh WTO Ministerial Conference - Statements by Members and observers at the plenary session"
7005:
5172:
7056:
6989:
164:
6130:
8078:
7358:
6618:
7066:
7041:
6939:
188:
26:
6630:
6593:
6302:
6881:
6814:
6065:
7388:
7873:
7076:
5222:
232:
full membership. Some international intergovernmental organizations are also granted observer status to WTO bodies. The
7996:
4531:
4470:
4440:
4405:
4389:
4370:
5983:
8121:
7418:
6932:
5947:
7748:
7081:
3429:
1042:
5780:"Member information - Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (Chinese Taipei) and the WTO"
6865:
5375:
4331:
7848:
7258:
6524:
https://web.archive.org/web/20221118190147/https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/minist_e/min11_e/stat_e/pse.doc
6513:
https://web.archive.org/web/20221118211510/https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/minist_e/min09_e/stat_e/pse.doc
6426:
6354:
5965:
5933:
5537:
Arjomandy, Danial (21 November 2013). "Iranian Membership in the World Trade Organization: An Unclear Future".
5277:
233:
7956:
7923:
7878:
5894:
6405:"WT/ACC/28 - WTO Accessions: 2016 Annual Report by the Director-General – Statement by the Director-General"
6078:"ACCESSIONS: Protocols of accession for new members since 1995, including commitments in goods and services"
4924:
7883:
7458:
6535:
6099:
7713:
5846:
5820:
8026:
7793:
7728:
7688:
6984:
5779:
5185:
6805:
Jackson, John H. (2006). "The World Trade Organization: Structure of the Treaty and the Institution".
5511:
5489:
6891:
Charnovitz, Steve (19 January 2007). "Mapping the Law of WTO Accession (by Steve Charnovitz)". SRRN.
6844:
5539:
5410:
6917:
6328:
7583:
7483:
7046:
6955:
6634:
6597:
6477:
6361:
6332:
6306:
6280:
6108:
5783:
5745:
5714:
5683:
5676:
5578:
5515:
898:
42:
6692:
5738:
5393:
7798:
7783:
7768:
7608:
7323:
6979:
6404:
6030:
6005:
4521:
Officially uses the designation "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu".
6824:
6473:
6451:
6276:
5658:
7813:
7753:
7668:
7553:
7433:
7398:
7238:
7106:
7010:
6077:
5176:
4717:
8016:
7818:
7778:
7653:
7643:
7618:
7593:
7563:
7543:
7453:
7393:
7353:
7283:
7212:
6904:
6896:
6761:
6619:
https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/SS/directdoc.aspx?filename=t:/WT/GC/W789.docx&Open=True
5467:
5427:
5180:
3379:
1067:
168:
6675:
6217:
8011:
7893:
7803:
7788:
7673:
7623:
7518:
7503:
7473:
7273:
7263:
4083:
38:
6066:
https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/SS/directdoc.aspx?filename=q:/WT/L/161.pdf&Open=True
8:
8051:
8046:
8036:
7941:
7913:
7833:
7828:
7808:
7718:
7703:
7638:
7603:
7498:
7438:
7413:
7408:
7378:
7343:
7338:
7308:
7288:
7192:
7086:
6261:
6204:
5574:
3961:
2024:
360:
108:
6769:
6054:
5625:
8041:
7991:
7981:
7971:
7966:
7961:
7946:
7936:
7931:
7898:
7888:
7868:
7853:
7773:
7683:
7658:
7648:
7633:
7578:
7573:
7528:
7508:
7468:
7423:
7333:
7328:
7303:
7278:
7268:
7248:
7243:
6870:
6749:
5959:
5927:
5556:
5164:
1314:
251:
7202:
6659:
8061:
8031:
8006:
7986:
7976:
7951:
7908:
7863:
7858:
7823:
7743:
7738:
7708:
7693:
7628:
7598:
7558:
7538:
7523:
7488:
7478:
7348:
7318:
7313:
7293:
7253:
7020:
6892:
6877:
6810:
6790:"International Intergovernmental Organizations Granted Observer Status to WTO bodies"
6757:
6753:
5560:
4763:
4483:
1627:
236:
submitted a request for WTO observer status in October 2009 and again in April 2010.
60:, are the economies with the largest GDP and trade outside the WTO, using 2005 data.
6789:
6715:. Office of the United States Trade Representative. 10 November 2007. Archived from
5803:
5710:
8056:
8021:
8001:
7903:
7843:
7763:
7733:
7678:
7663:
7588:
7548:
7533:
7513:
7493:
7463:
7448:
7428:
7373:
7368:
7298:
7015:
6741:
5804:
International Intergovernmental Organizations Granted Observer Status to WTO Bodies
5548:
5264:
4496:
3132:
52:
As of 2007, WTO members represented 96.4% of global trade and 96.7% of global GDP.
7838:
7723:
7698:
7613:
7568:
7443:
7403:
7363:
7071:
5552:
4509:
3645:
3016:
8095:
8085:
7217:
6974:
5951:
5871:
4535:
4444:
4409:
4393:
4374:
4108:
1480:
1214:
213:
196:
144:
8115:
6257:"Agreement puts Island on 'strongest possible footing' for post-Brexit trade"
5205:
4133:
2381:
1799:
171:
and was suspended from participating in GATT at the time. Four other states,
34:
128:
8100:
7096:
7025:
6924:
5979:
5062:
4542:
in 2020. Extended its membership to the Channel Islands on 1 January 2021.
3670:
3545:
3476:
754:
30:
7222:
7207:
6745:
5316:
4993:
4648:
3795:
3404:
3207:
2916:
2891:
2218:
1408:
1117:
291:
239:
5342:
5189:
5085:
4625:
3842:
3523:
2794:
2747:
2628:
2453:
2428:
2268:
2171:
1602:
1339:
1092:
876:
507:
5114:
The Holy See is exempted from having to negotiate full WTO membership.
4740:
6006:"WTO | Understanding the WTO - membership, alliances and bureaucracy"
4205:
3720:
3570:
2941:
2653:
2406:
1999:
1899:
1749:
432:
385:
217:
201:
227:
The WTO also has 23 observer states, that with the exception of the
6807:
Sovereignty, the WTO and Changing Fundamentals of International Law
6222:
5251:
5212:
On 17 November 2019, the African Union applied for observer status.
4810:
4786:
4457:
4299:
3889:
3864:
3745:
3620:
3595:
3257:
3157:
3085:
2725:
2528:
2503:
1874:
1455:
1289:
1264:
995:
826:
804:
732:
657:
532:
228:
6713:"Factsheet on U.S. – Russia WTO Bilateral Market Access Agreement"
68:
5238:
4970:
4878:
4671:
4602:
4579:
4230:
4183:
4158:
4061:
3986:
3498:
3307:
2991:
2844:
2819:
2769:
2703:
2359:
2334:
2099:
1949:
1924:
1724:
1649:
1527:
1433:
1361:
1239:
1142:
1020:
779:
632:
557:
482:
457:
410:
313:
180:
176:
57:
8079:
Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China
6868:. In Bernard M. Hoekman; Aaditya Mattoo; Philip English (eds.).
5363:
5355:
5290:
4947:
4694:
4539:
4274:
4036:
4011:
3820:
3770:
3354:
3332:
3232:
3110:
3038:
2678:
2478:
2312:
2243:
2149:
2049:
1824:
1774:
1699:
1552:
1189:
851:
707:
682:
582:
335:
209:
8086:
Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu
5329:
5303:
5039:
5016:
4901:
4252:
3939:
3695:
3454:
3282:
2966:
2869:
2603:
2578:
2193:
2124:
2074:
1974:
1849:
1674:
1577:
1383:
973:
948:
607:
221:
205:
184:
172:
6303:"WTO ACCESSIONS 2023 ANNUAL REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL*"
6631:"WTO ACCESSIONS 2015 ANNUAL REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL"
6594:"WTO ACCESSIONS 2016 ANNUAL REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL"
4855:
4832:
3914:
3182:
3063:
2553:
2290:
1502:
1164:
923:
77: Draft Working Party Report or Factual Summary adopted
53:
5366:
had expressed an interest in joining the WTO as a member.
8081:, participating as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao, China".
5479:
P. Farah, "Five Years of China's WTO Membership", 263–304
5136:
5090:
5067:
5044:
5021:
4998:
4975:
4952:
4929:
4906:
4883:
4860:
4837:
4791:
4768:
4745:
4722:
4699:
4676:
4653:
4630:
4607:
4584:
4309:
4304:
4284:
4279:
4257:
4235:
4215:
4210:
4188:
4168:
4163:
4143:
4138:
4118:
4113:
4093:
4088:
4066:
4046:
4041:
4021:
4016:
3996:
3991:
3971:
3966:
3944:
3924:
3919:
3899:
3894:
3874:
3869:
3847:
3825:
3805:
3800:
3780:
3775:
3755:
3750:
3730:
3725:
3705:
3700:
3680:
3675:
3655:
3650:
3630:
3625:
3605:
3600:
3580:
3575:
3555:
3550:
3528:
3508:
3503:
3481:
3459:
3439:
3434:
3414:
3409:
3389:
3384:
3364:
3359:
3337:
3317:
3312:
3292:
3287:
3267:
3262:
3242:
3237:
3217:
3212:
3192:
3187:
3167:
3162:
3142:
3137:
3115:
3095:
3090:
3068:
3048:
3043:
3021:
3001:
2996:
2976:
2971:
2951:
2946:
2926:
2921:
2901:
2896:
2874:
2854:
2849:
2829:
2824:
2804:
2799:
2779:
2774:
2752:
2730:
2708:
2688:
2683:
2663:
2658:
2638:
2633:
2613:
2608:
2588:
2583:
2563:
2558:
2538:
2533:
2513:
2508:
2488:
2483:
2463:
2458:
2438:
2433:
2411:
2391:
2386:
2364:
2344:
2339:
2317:
2295:
2273:
2253:
2248:
2228:
2223:
2203:
2198:
2176:
2154:
2134:
2129:
2109:
2104:
2084:
2079:
2059:
2054:
2034:
2029:
2009:
2004:
1984:
1979:
1959:
1954:
1934:
1929:
1909:
1904:
1884:
1879:
1859:
1854:
1834:
1829:
1809:
1804:
1784:
1779:
1759:
1754:
1734:
1729:
1709:
1704:
1684:
1679:
1659:
1654:
1632:
1612:
1607:
1587:
1582:
1562:
1557:
1537:
1532:
1512:
1507:
1485:
1465:
1460:
1438:
1418:
1413:
1393:
1388:
1366:
1344:
1324:
1319:
1299:
1294:
1274:
1269:
1249:
1244:
1224:
1219:
1199:
1194:
1174:
1169:
1147:
1127:
1122:
1102:
1097:
1077:
1072:
1052:
1047:
1025:
1005:
1000:
978:
958:
953:
933:
928:
908:
903:
881:
861:
856:
836:
831:
809:
789:
784:
764:
759:
737:
717:
712:
692:
687:
667:
662:
642:
637:
617:
612:
592:
587:
567:
562:
542:
537:
517:
512:
492:
487:
467:
462:
442:
437:
415:
395:
390:
370:
365:
345:
340:
318:
296:
6699:. Peter G. Peterson Institute for International Politics
6048:
242:
is the newest member, joining effective 30 August 2024.
6031:"WTO | Understanding the WTO - Whose WTO is it anyway?"
6218:"Channel Islands to become part of UK's WTO territory"
261:
7072:
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
6055:
https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/04-wto.pdf
4330:
The WTO continues to recognize the government of the
216:)" so that they were not rejected as a result of the
6572:"WT/L/792 - PALESTINE – REQUEST FOR OBSERVER STATUS"
6550:"WT/L/770 - PALESTINE – REQUEST FOR OBSERVER STATUS"
6452:"Members endorse Turkmenistan's WTO observer status"
5225:
which are neither members nor observers of the WTO.
8084:
Officially the Republic of China, participates as "
5872:"Russia becomes WTO member after 18 years of talks"
5819:. Taiwan WTO Center. 6 October 2009. Archived from
5453:
Russia's entry to WTO ends 19 years of negotiations
5175:Palestine has been granted speaking rights at each
6869:
6474:"Turkmenistan formally applies for WTO membership"
6385:. Holy See Mission to the United Nations in Geneva
6329:"Members endorse Curaçao's bid for WTO membership"
5845:. Taiwan TWO Center. 13 April 2010. Archived from
5463:
5461:
95: Memorandum on Foreign Trade Regime submitted
8113:
5711:"The 128 countries that had signed GATT by 1994"
5145:
6238:"Guernsey will get WTO membership after Brexit"
5458:
5362:Additionally, as of 16 November 2015
248:2006 Russian ban of Moldovan and Georgian wines
8132:Enlargement of intergovernmental organizations
7922:
6940:
6863:
6295:
5733:
5731:
6954:
5920:"Georgia threatens to block Russian WTO bid"
83: Goods and/or Services offers submitted
6872:Development, Trade, and the WTO: A Handbook
6407:. World Trade Organization. 2 December 2016
6200:
6198:
5654:
143: Members, dually represented with the
6947:
6933:
6890:
6552:. World Trade Organization. 6 October 2009
6092:
5728:
5671:
5669:
5667:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5646:
5644:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5636:
5634:
6574:. World Trade Organization. 13 April 2010
6432:. World Trade Organization. December 2017
5843:"Palestine - Request for Observer Status"
5817:"Palestine - Request for Observer Status"
5536:
5126:Was a party to GATT prior to withdrawing.
4473:are also members of the WTO individually.
4436:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4418:
4385:
4383:
6454:. World Trade Organization. 22 July 2020
6195:
5892:
165:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
127:
123:
67:
8127:Countries by international organization
6845:"Membership, Alliances and Bureaucracy"
6804:
6652:
6205:Montenegro and Samoa strengthen the WTO
5705:
5703:
5701:
5664:
5631:
5122:
5120:
8114:
7042:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
6690:
6397:
6277:"WTO Members and Accession Candidates"
6254:
6070:
5895:"Russia gets approval to join the WTO"
5886:
5866:
5864:
5430:, Center for International Development
4471:member countries of the European Union
4415:
4399:
4380:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4360:
27:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
6928:
6731:
5575:"Summary Table of Ongoing Accessions"
5446:
5411:Membership, Alliances and Bureaucracy
4358:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4340:
6734:Legal Issues of Economic Integration
5759:
5698:
5423:
5421:
5419:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5117:
4549:
63:
7052:Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
6864:Michalopoulos, Constantine (2002).
6770:"How to Become a Member of the WTO"
6691:Aslund, Anders (21 December 2007).
5893:Heilprin, John (17 December 2011).
5861:
5606:
5593:
262:List of members and accession dates
208:. A new member of this type is the
13:
5433:
5173:UN General Assembly observer state
4337:
132:A world map of WTO participation:
14:
8143:
8088:", and "Chinese Taipei" in short.
7062:Trade-Related Investment Measures
6383:"Welcome to the Holy See Mission"
5986:from the original on 20 June 2010
5626:How to Become a Member of the WTO
5416:
5399:
1043:Congo, Democratic Republic of the
8094:
7384:Democratic Republic of the Congo
6355:"WTO Accession Newsletter No 96"
6207:WTO media release, 30 April 2012
5980:"IRAN TRADE LAW| process 3"
5348:
5335:
5322:
5309:
5296:
5283:
5270:
5257:
5244:
5231:
5198:
5157:
5078:
5055:
5032:
5009:
4986:
4963:
4940:
4917:
4894:
4871:
4848:
4825:
4803:
4779:
4756:
4733:
4710:
4687:
4664:
4641:
4618:
4595:
4572:
4292:
4267:
4245:
4223:
4198:
4176:
4151:
4126:
4101:
4076:
4054:
4029:
4004:
3979:
3954:
3932:
3907:
3882:
3857:
3835:
3813:
3788:
3763:
3738:
3713:
3688:
3663:
3638:
3613:
3588:
3563:
3538:
3516:
3491:
3469:
3447:
3430:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3422:
3397:
3372:
3347:
3325:
3300:
3275:
3250:
3225:
3200:
3175:
3150:
3125:
3103:
3078:
3056:
3031:
3009:
2984:
2959:
2934:
2909:
2884:
2862:
2837:
2812:
2787:
2762:
2740:
2718:
2696:
2671:
2646:
2621:
2596:
2571:
2546:
2521:
2496:
2471:
2446:
2421:
2399:
2374:
2352:
2327:
2305:
2283:
2261:
2236:
2211:
2186:
2164:
2142:
2117:
2092:
2067:
2042:
2017:
1992:
1967:
1942:
1917:
1892:
1867:
1842:
1817:
1792:
1767:
1742:
1717:
1692:
1667:
1642:
1620:
1595:
1570:
1545:
1520:
1495:
1473:
1448:
1426:
1401:
1376:
1354:
1332:
1307:
1282:
1257:
1232:
1207:
1182:
1157:
1135:
1110:
1085:
1060:
1035:
1013:
988:
966:
941:
916:
891:
869:
844:
819:
797:
772:
747:
725:
700:
675:
650:
625:
600:
575:
550:
525:
500:
475:
450:
425:
403:
378:
353:
328:
306:
284:
6623:
6612:
6586:
6564:
6542:
6528:
6517:
6506:
6492:
6466:
6444:
6419:
6375:
6347:
6321:
6269:
6248:
6230:
6210:
6177:
6166:
6148:
6137:
6123:
6101:Status of WTO Legal Instruments
6059:
6023:
5998:
5972:
5940:
5912:
5835:
5809:
5797:
5772:
5619:
5567:
5530:
5394:Legal texts: the WTO agreements
5216:
5129:
5108:
4563:Date of membership application
4524:
4515:
4502:
4489:
4476:
4463:
4450:
4332:Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
4324:
101: Working party established
7759:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
6809:. Cambridge University Press.
6255:Taylor, Ed (19 October 2019).
5504:
5482:
5473:
5387:
5221:The following table lists all
1:
5512:"ANNEX 1. STATISTICAL SURVEY"
5381:
5150:
5146:Neither members nor observers
220:principle implemented by the
5553:10.1080/00210862.2013.859810
5455:The Guardian, 22 August 2012
89: Working party meetings
7:
7057:Technical Barriers to Trade
6876:. World Bank Publications.
6697:Speeches, Testimony, Papers
5739:"Article XXXI - Withdrawal"
5396:at World Trade Organization
5376:List of customs territories
5369:
5179:of the WTO, under the name
10:
8148:
6985:International Trade Centre
6851:. World Trade Organization
6831:. World Trade Organization
6792:. World Trade Organization
6776:. World Trade Organization
6678:. World Trade Organization
6662:. World Trade Organization
6427:"WTO Accession Newsletter"
6080:. World Trade Organization
5964:: CS1 maint: url-status (
5932:: CS1 maint: url-status (
5806:, World Trade Organization
5628:, World Trade Organization
5492:. World Trade Organization
5490:"Accession in perspective"
5413:, World Trade Organization
5186:International Trade Centre
222:People's Republic of China
210:Republic of China (Taiwan)
8074:
7231:
7185:
7105:
7034:
6998:
6962:
6676:"Accessions News Archive"
8122:World Trade Organization
7359:Central African Republic
6990:Chronology of key events
6970:Accession and membership
6956:World Trade Organization
6693:"Russia's WTO Accession"
6635:World Trade Organization
6598:World Trade Organization
6478:World Trade Organization
6362:World Trade Organization
6333:World Trade Organization
6307:World Trade Organization
6281:World Trade Organization
6131:"Docsonline Maintenance"
6109:World Trade Organization
5784:World Trade Organization
5746:World Trade Organization
5715:World Trade Organization
5684:World Trade Organization
5579:World Trade Organization
5516:World Trade Organization
5468:Vanuatu:accession status
5135:Observer status granted
899:Central African Republic
72:WTO accession progress:
43:World Trade Organization
23:World Trade Organization
6980:Dispute Settlement Body
6825:"Members and Observers"
5899:San Francisco Chronicle
5874:. BBC. 16 December 2011
5661:at WTO official website
5470:at WTO official website
252:2008 Russo-Georgian War
25:are the parties to the
7082:Information Technology
7077:Government Procurement
7011:Doha Development Round
6912:Cite journal requires
6774:Accession: Explanation
5922:. UPI. 7 October 2006.
5177:Ministerial Conference
4718:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1068:Congo, Republic of the
160:
103:
7389:Republic of the Congo
7213:Supachai Panitchpakdi
6849:Understanding the WTO
6829:Understanding the WTO
5659:Members and Observers
5181:Palestinian Authority
4925:São Tomé and Príncipe
4510:Republic of Macedonia
3380:Saint Kitts and Nevis
234:Palestinian Authority
195:The 27 states of the
131:
124:Members and observers
71:
7874:United Arab Emirates
6746:10.54648/LEIE2006016
6660:"Accessions Gateway"
6653:Bibliography and Web
5677:"World Trade Report"
5049:Inactive since 2010
5026:Inactive since 2021
5003:Inactive since 2019
4957:Inactive since 2013
4934:Inactive since 2005
4911:Inactive since 2004
4888:Inactive since 2017
4842:Inactive since 2011
4819:Observer since 1997
4681:Inactive since 2019
4658:Inactive since 2019
4612:Inactive since 1999
4589:Inactive since 2014
4084:United Arab Emirates
39:European Communities
37:Agreements, and the
7849:Trinidad and Tobago
7749:St. Kitts and Nevis
7259:Antigua and Barbuda
7193:Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala
7087:Marrakesh Agreement
6500:"Wt/Min(05)/St/170"
6262:Jersey Evening Post
6191:on 20 January 2024.
6162:on 20 January 2024.
5849:on 22 December 2012
5823:on 22 December 2012
3962:Trinidad and Tobago
361:Antigua and Barbuda
109:Quadrilateral group
7419:Dominican Republic
6637:. 16 November 2015
6480:. 24 November 2021
6244:. 19 October 2019.
6226:. 18 October 2019.
5948:"Russia joins WTO"
5612:C. Michalopoulos,
5599:C. Michalopoulos,
5439:C. Michalopoulos,
5428:Accessions Summary
4495:Official name was
4482:Official name was
2867:
2219:Korea, Republic of
1315:Dominican Republic
275:Date of accession
187:, were parties to
161:
104:
8109:
8108:
8070:
8069:
7067:Trade in Services
7021:Quota Elimination
6883:978-0-8213-4997-7
6816:978-0-521-86007-9
6600:. 2 December 2016
6242:Bailiwick Express
5954:. 22 August 2012.
5099:
5098:
5095:Work in progress
4861:30 September 2004
4764:Equatorial Guinea
4677:23 September 1993
4635:Work in progress
4550:List of observers
4315:
4314:
3509:27 September 1963
2855:15 September 1992
2639:30 September 1963
2464:30 September 1963
2135:10 September 1955
1053:11 September 1971
638:12 September 1995
618:12 September 1963
169:dissolved in 1992
158: Non-members
64:Accession process
8139:
8101:World portal
8099:
8098:
7920:
7919:
7714:Papua New Guinea
7197:Director-General
7092:Doha Declaration
7016:Singapore issues
6949:
6942:
6935:
6926:
6925:
6921:
6915:
6910:
6908:
6900:
6887:
6875:
6860:
6858:
6856:
6840:
6838:
6836:
6820:
6801:
6799:
6797:
6785:
6783:
6781:
6765:
6728:
6726:
6724:
6719:on 27 April 2007
6708:
6706:
6704:
6687:
6685:
6683:
6671:
6669:
6667:
6647:
6646:
6644:
6642:
6627:
6621:
6616:
6610:
6609:
6607:
6605:
6590:
6584:
6583:
6581:
6579:
6568:
6562:
6561:
6559:
6557:
6546:
6540:
6539:
6532:
6526:
6521:
6515:
6510:
6504:
6503:
6496:
6490:
6489:
6487:
6485:
6470:
6464:
6463:
6461:
6459:
6448:
6442:
6441:
6439:
6437:
6431:
6423:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6412:
6401:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6390:
6379:
6373:
6372:
6370:
6368:
6359:
6351:
6345:
6344:
6342:
6340:
6325:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6314:
6299:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6288:
6273:
6267:
6266:
6252:
6246:
6245:
6234:
6228:
6227:
6214:
6208:
6202:
6193:
6192:
6187:. Archived from
6181:
6175:
6170:
6164:
6163:
6158:. Archived from
6152:
6146:
6141:
6135:
6134:
6127:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6116:
6106:
6096:
6090:
6089:
6087:
6085:
6074:
6068:
6063:
6057:
6052:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6041:
6027:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6016:
6002:
5996:
5995:
5993:
5991:
5976:
5970:
5969:
5963:
5955:
5944:
5938:
5937:
5931:
5923:
5916:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5905:
5890:
5884:
5883:
5881:
5879:
5868:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5854:
5839:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5828:
5813:
5807:
5801:
5795:
5794:
5792:
5790:
5776:
5770:
5763:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5752:
5743:
5735:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5721:
5707:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5691:
5681:
5673:
5662:
5656:
5629:
5623:
5617:
5610:
5604:
5597:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5586:
5571:
5565:
5564:
5534:
5528:
5527:
5525:
5523:
5508:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5497:
5486:
5480:
5477:
5471:
5465:
5456:
5450:
5444:
5437:
5431:
5425:
5414:
5408:
5397:
5391:
5354:
5352:
5351:
5341:
5339:
5338:
5328:
5326:
5325:
5315:
5313:
5312:
5302:
5300:
5299:
5289:
5287:
5286:
5276:
5274:
5273:
5265:Marshall Islands
5263:
5261:
5260:
5250:
5248:
5247:
5237:
5235:
5234:
5223:UN member states
5204:
5202:
5201:
5163:
5161:
5160:
5139:
5138:
5133:
5127:
5124:
5115:
5112:
5092:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5069:
5068:24 November 2021
5061:
5059:
5058:
5046:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5023:
5015:
5013:
5012:
5000:
4992:
4990:
4989:
4977:
4976:12 December 2015
4969:
4967:
4966:
4954:
4953:23 December 2004
4946:
4944:
4943:
4931:
4923:
4921:
4920:
4908:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4885:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4862:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4839:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4809:
4807:
4806:
4793:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4770:
4769:19 February 2007
4762:
4760:
4759:
4747:
4739:
4737:
4736:
4724:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4701:
4700:1 September 1999
4693:
4691:
4690:
4678:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4655:
4647:
4645:
4644:
4632:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4609:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4586:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4557:
4556:
4543:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4513:
4506:
4500:
4493:
4487:
4480:
4474:
4467:
4461:
4454:
4448:
4438:
4413:
4403:
4397:
4387:
4378:
4368:
4335:
4328:
4311:
4306:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4286:
4285:10 February 1982
4281:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4259:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4237:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4217:
4212:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4190:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4170:
4165:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4145:
4140:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4120:
4115:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4095:
4090:
4082:
4080:
4079:
4068:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4048:
4043:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4023:
4018:
4010:
4008:
4007:
3998:
3993:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3973:
3968:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3946:
3938:
3936:
3935:
3926:
3921:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3901:
3900:20 November 1982
3896:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3876:
3871:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3849:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3827:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3807:
3802:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3782:
3777:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3757:
3752:
3744:
3742:
3741:
3732:
3727:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3707:
3702:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3682:
3677:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3657:
3656:28 December 1994
3652:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3632:
3627:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3607:
3602:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3582:
3577:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3557:
3552:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3530:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3510:
3505:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3483:
3482:11 December 2005
3475:
3473:
3472:
3461:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3441:
3436:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3416:
3411:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3391:
3386:
3385:21 February 1996
3378:
3376:
3375:
3366:
3361:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3339:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3319:
3318:14 November 1971
3314:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3294:
3289:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3269:
3264:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3244:
3239:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3219:
3218:27 December 1979
3214:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3194:
3189:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3169:
3164:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3144:
3143:16 December 1994
3139:
3133:Papua New Guinea
3131:
3129:
3128:
3117:
3116:6 September 1997
3109:
3107:
3106:
3097:
3092:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3070:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3050:
3045:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3023:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3003:
3002:18 November 1960
2998:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2978:
2977:31 December 1963
2973:
2972:13 December 1996
2965:
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2953:
2948:
2947:3 September 1995
2940:
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2664:2 September 1970
2660:
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2640:
2635:
2627:
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2615:
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2589:17 November 1964
2585:
2577:
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2560:
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2540:
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2527:
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2459:17 November 1995
2452:
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2427:
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2393:
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2387:1 September 1995
2380:
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2318:10 February 1999
2311:
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2274:20 December 1998
2267:
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2255:
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2217:
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2200:
2192:
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2178:
2177:30 November 2015
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2167:
2156:
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2110:31 December 1963
2106:
2098:
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2086:
2081:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2061:
2056:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2036:
2035:22 December 1967
2031:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2011:
2010:24 February 1950
2006:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1986:
1981:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1961:
1956:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1936:
1935:9 September 1973
1931:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1911:
1906:
1900:Hong Kong, China
1898:
1896:
1895:
1886:
1881:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1861:
1856:
1848:
1846:
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1730:22 February 1996
1723:
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1613:22 February 1965
1609:
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1513:16 November 1993
1509:
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1439:13 November 1999
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1275:16 December 1994
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1148:30 November 2000
1141:
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1128:31 December 1963
1124:
1116:
1114:
1113:
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1103:24 November 1990
1099:
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1027:
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979:11 December 2001
972:
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947:
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922:
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905:
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883:
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863:
858:
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848:
847:
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832:13 December 1995
825:
823:
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791:
786:
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766:
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739:
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719:
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704:
703:
694:
689:
681:
679:
678:
669:
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656:
654:
653:
644:
643:8 September 1990
639:
631:
629:
628:
619:
614:
613:22 February 1996
606:
604:
603:
594:
589:
581:
579:
578:
569:
564:
556:
554:
553:
544:
543:15 February 1967
539:
531:
529:
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519:
518:16 December 1972
514:
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504:
503:
494:
493:13 December 1993
489:
481:
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384:
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367:
359:
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342:
341:23 November 1996
334:
332:
331:
320:
319:8 September 2000
312:
310:
309:
298:
290:
288:
287:
278:GATT membership
269:
268:
157:
151:
142:
136:
100:
94:
88:
82:
76:
8147:
8146:
8142:
8141:
8140:
8138:
8137:
8136:
8112:
8111:
8110:
8105:
8093:
8066:
7918:
7794:Solomon Islands
7689:North Macedonia
7227:
7203:Roberto Azevêdo
7181:
7108:
7101:
7030:
6994:
6958:
6953:
6913:
6911:
6902:
6901:
6884:
6866:"WTO Accession"
6854:
6852:
6843:
6834:
6832:
6823:
6817:
6795:
6793:
6788:
6779:
6777:
6768:
6722:
6720:
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6702:
6700:
6681:
6679:
6674:
6665:
6663:
6658:
6655:
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6640:
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6624:
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6603:
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6592:
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6555:
6553:
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6522:
6518:
6511:
6507:
6498:
6497:
6493:
6483:
6481:
6472:
6471:
6467:
6457:
6455:
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6449:
6445:
6435:
6433:
6429:
6425:
6424:
6420:
6410:
6408:
6403:
6402:
6398:
6388:
6386:
6381:
6380:
6376:
6366:
6364:
6357:
6353:
6352:
6348:
6338:
6336:
6327:
6326:
6322:
6312:
6310:
6309:. 20 March 2024
6301:
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6275:
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6203:
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6149:
6142:
6138:
6129:
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6114:
6112:
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6098:
6097:
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6083:
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6076:
6075:
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6064:
6060:
6053:
6049:
6039:
6037:
6029:
6028:
6024:
6014:
6012:
6004:
6003:
5999:
5989:
5987:
5978:
5977:
5973:
5957:
5956:
5946:
5945:
5941:
5925:
5924:
5918:
5917:
5913:
5903:
5901:
5891:
5887:
5877:
5875:
5870:
5869:
5862:
5852:
5850:
5841:
5840:
5836:
5826:
5824:
5815:
5814:
5810:
5802:
5798:
5788:
5786:
5778:
5777:
5773:
5765:Jackson J. H.,
5764:
5760:
5750:
5748:
5741:
5737:
5736:
5729:
5719:
5717:
5709:
5708:
5699:
5689:
5687:
5679:
5675:
5674:
5665:
5657:
5632:
5624:
5620:
5611:
5607:
5598:
5594:
5584:
5582:
5573:
5572:
5568:
5540:Iranian Studies
5535:
5531:
5521:
5519:
5510:
5509:
5505:
5495:
5493:
5488:
5487:
5483:
5478:
5474:
5466:
5459:
5451:
5447:
5438:
5434:
5426:
5417:
5409:
5400:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5372:
5360:
5349:
5347:
5336:
5334:
5323:
5321:
5310:
5308:
5297:
5295:
5284:
5282:
5271:
5269:
5258:
5256:
5245:
5243:
5232:
5230:
5219:
5199:
5197:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5142:
5134:
5130:
5125:
5118:
5113:
5109:
5091:8 December 1994
5079:
5077:
5056:
5054:
5045:10 October 2001
5033:
5031:
5022:11 October 1994
5010:
5008:
4999:5 December 2017
4987:
4985:
4964:
4962:
4941:
4939:
4930:14 January 2005
4918:
4916:
4895:
4893:
4884:30 January 1999
4872:
4870:
4849:
4847:
4826:
4824:
4804:
4802:
4792:13 January 2003
4780:
4778:
4757:
4755:
4746:31 October 2019
4734:
4732:
4711:
4709:
4688:
4686:
4665:
4663:
4642:
4640:
4619:
4617:
4596:
4594:
4573:
4571:
4552:
4547:
4546:
4529:
4525:
4520:
4516:
4507:
4503:
4494:
4490:
4481:
4477:
4468:
4464:
4455:
4451:
4439:
4416:
4404:
4400:
4388:
4381:
4369:
4338:
4329:
4325:
4293:
4291:
4268:
4266:
4246:
4244:
4236:11 January 2007
4224:
4222:
4199:
4197:
4177:
4175:
4169:6 December 1953
4152:
4150:
4127:
4125:
4102:
4100:
4077:
4075:
4055:
4053:
4047:23 October 1962
4030:
4028:
4022:17 October 1951
4005:
4003:
3980:
3978:
3972:23 October 1962
3955:
3953:
3933:
3931:
3908:
3906:
3883:
3881:
3875:9 December 1961
3858:
3856:
3836:
3834:
3814:
3812:
3789:
3787:
3764:
3762:
3739:
3737:
3714:
3712:
3689:
3687:
3664:
3662:
3646:Solomon Islands
3639:
3637:
3631:30 October 1994
3614:
3612:
3589:
3587:
3564:
3562:
3539:
3537:
3517:
3515:
3492:
3490:
3470:
3468:
3448:
3446:
3423:
3421:
3398:
3396:
3373:
3371:
3348:
3346:
3326:
3324:
3301:
3299:
3288:13 January 1996
3276:
3274:
3251:
3249:
3243:18 October 1967
3226:
3224:
3201:
3199:
3176:
3174:
3151:
3149:
3126:
3124:
3104:
3102:
3079:
3077:
3069:9 November 2000
3057:
3055:
3032:
3030:
3017:North Macedonia
3010:
3008:
2985:
2983:
2960:
2958:
2935:
2933:
2910:
2908:
2885:
2883:
2863:
2861:
2838:
2836:
2813:
2811:
2788:
2786:
2763:
2761:
2741:
2739:
2731:29 January 1997
2719:
2717:
2697:
2695:
2672:
2670:
2647:
2645:
2622:
2620:
2614:11 January 1991
2597:
2595:
2572:
2570:
2564:11 January 1993
2547:
2545:
2522:
2520:
2514:24 October 1957
2497:
2495:
2472:
2470:
2447:
2445:
2422:
2420:
2400:
2398:
2375:
2373:
2353:
2351:
2328:
2326:
2306:
2304:
2296:2 February 2013
2284:
2282:
2262:
2260:
2237:
2235:
2212:
2210:
2204:5 February 1964
2187:
2185:
2165:
2163:
2143:
2141:
2118:
2116:
2093:
2091:
2068:
2066:
2043:
2041:
2018:
2016:
1993:
1991:
1968:
1966:
1943:
1941:
1918:
1916:
1893:
1891:
1868:
1866:
1855:30 January 1996
1843:
1841:
1818:
1816:
1793:
1791:
1785:8 December 1994
1780:25 October 1995
1768:
1766:
1760:10 October 1991
1743:
1741:
1735:9 February 1994
1718:
1716:
1693:
1691:
1685:17 October 1957
1668:
1666:
1643:
1641:
1621:
1619:
1608:23 October 1996
1596:
1594:
1571:
1569:
1546:
1544:
1521:
1519:
1508:14 January 1996
1496:
1494:
1474:
1472:
1466:8 February 1993
1449:
1447:
1427:
1425:
1402:
1400:
1377:
1375:
1367:21 January 1996
1355:
1353:
1333:
1331:
1308:
1306:
1283:
1281:
1258:
1256:
1233:
1231:
1208:
1206:
1183:
1181:
1158:
1156:
1136:
1134:
1111:
1109:
1086:
1084:
1061:
1059:
1036:
1034:
1014:
1012:
989:
987:
967:
965:
942:
940:
929:19 October 1996
917:
915:
892:
890:
870:
868:
845:
843:
820:
818:
810:13 October 2004
798:
796:
773:
771:
748:
746:
738:1 December 1996
726:
724:
718:9 December 1993
701:
699:
676:
674:
651:
649:
626:
624:
601:
599:
576:
574:
551:
549:
526:
524:
501:
499:
476:
474:
468:19 October 1951
451:
449:
426:
424:
416:5 February 2003
404:
402:
396:11 October 1967
379:
377:
354:
352:
329:
327:
307:
305:
285:
283:
264:
159:
155:
153:
152: Observers
149:
147:
140:
138:
134:
126:
102:
98:
96:
92:
90:
86:
84:
80:
78:
74:
66:
12:
11:
5:
8145:
8135:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8107:
8106:
8090:
8089:
8082:
8075:
8072:
8071:
8068:
8067:
8065:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7957:Czech Republic
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7928:
7926:
7924:European Union
7917:
7916:
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7879:United Kingdom
7876:
7871:
7866:
7861:
7856:
7851:
7846:
7841:
7836:
7831:
7826:
7821:
7816:
7811:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7761:
7756:
7751:
7746:
7741:
7736:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7621:
7616:
7611:
7606:
7601:
7596:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7531:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7235:
7233:
7229:
7228:
7226:
7225:
7220:
7218:Alejandro Jara
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7189:
7187:
7183:
7182:
7180:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7113:
7111:
7103:
7102:
7100:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7044:
7038:
7036:
7032:
7031:
7029:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7002:
7000:
6996:
6995:
6993:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6977:
6975:Appellate Body
6972:
6966:
6964:
6960:
6959:
6952:
6951:
6944:
6937:
6929:
6923:
6922:
6914:|journal=
6888:
6882:
6861:
6841:
6821:
6815:
6802:
6786:
6766:
6729:
6709:
6688:
6672:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6648:
6622:
6611:
6585:
6563:
6541:
6527:
6516:
6505:
6491:
6465:
6443:
6418:
6396:
6374:
6346:
6335:. 3 March 2020
6320:
6294:
6268:
6247:
6229:
6209:
6194:
6176:
6165:
6147:
6136:
6122:
6091:
6069:
6058:
6047:
6022:
5997:
5971:
5952:Deutsche Welle
5939:
5911:
5885:
5860:
5834:
5808:
5796:
5771:
5758:
5727:
5697:
5663:
5630:
5618:
5605:
5592:
5566:
5547:(6): 933–950.
5529:
5503:
5481:
5472:
5457:
5445:
5432:
5415:
5398:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5379:
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5371:
5368:
5359:
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5345:
5332:
5319:
5306:
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5280:
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5218:
5215:
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5213:
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5042:
5028:
5027:
5024:
5019:
5005:
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4982:
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4959:
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4936:
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4932:
4927:
4913:
4912:
4909:
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4881:
4867:
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4766:
4752:
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4729:
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4725:
4720:
4706:
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4697:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4674:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4651:
4637:
4636:
4633:
4628:
4614:
4613:
4610:
4605:
4591:
4590:
4587:
4582:
4568:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4536:European Union
4523:
4514:
4501:
4488:
4475:
4462:
4449:
4445:European Union
4414:
4410:European Union
4398:
4394:European Union
4379:
4375:European Union
4336:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4280:1 January 1995
4277:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4255:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4233:
4219:
4218:
4216:31 August 1990
4213:
4211:1 January 1995
4208:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4189:24 August 2012
4186:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4164:1 January 1995
4161:
4147:
4146:
4144:1 January 1948
4141:
4139:1 January 1995
4136:
4122:
4121:
4119:1 January 1948
4116:
4114:1 January 1995
4111:
4109:United Kingdom
4097:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4064:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4042:1 January 1995
4039:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4000:
3999:
3997:29 August 1990
3994:
3989:
3975:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3942:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3895:1 January 1995
3892:
3878:
3877:
3872:
3870:1 January 1995
3867:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3845:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3826:1 January 2002
3823:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3776:1 January 1995
3773:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3751:1 January 1995
3748:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3726:1 January 1995
3723:
3709:
3708:
3706:29 August 1963
3703:
3701:1 January 1995
3698:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3676:1 January 1995
3673:
3659:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3601:1 January 1995
3598:
3584:
3583:
3581:20 August 1973
3578:
3576:1 January 1995
3573:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3526:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3504:1 January 1995
3501:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3479:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3457:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3435:1 January 1995
3432:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3410:1 January 1995
3407:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3368:
3367:
3365:1 January 1966
3362:
3357:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:22 August 2012
3335:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3313:1 January 1995
3310:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3263:1 January 1995
3260:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3213:1 January 1995
3210:
3196:
3195:
3193:7 October 1951
3190:
3188:1 January 1995
3185:
3171:
3170:
3168:6 January 1994
3165:
3163:1 January 1995
3160:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3113:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3091:1 January 1995
3088:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3066:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3044:1 January 1995
3041:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3019:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2997:1 January 1995
2994:
2980:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2922:1 January 1995
2919:
2905:
2904:
2902:1 January 1948
2899:
2897:1 January 1995
2894:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2872:
2858:
2857:
2852:
2850:1 January 1995
2847:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2825:1 January 1995
2822:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2800:26 August 1995
2797:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2775:1 January 1995
2772:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2750:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2728:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2706:
2692:
2691:
2689:24 August 1986
2686:
2684:1 January 1995
2681:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2659:1 January 1995
2656:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2609:1 January 1995
2606:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2584:1 January 1995
2581:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2509:1 January 1995
2506:
2492:
2491:
2489:28 August 1964
2486:
2481:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2442:
2441:
2439:1 January 1948
2436:
2434:1 January 1995
2431:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2409:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2362:
2348:
2347:
2345:8 January 1988
2342:
2337:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2315:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2293:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2271:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2249:1 January 1995
2246:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2224:1 January 1995
2221:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2199:1 January 1995
2196:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2174:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2152:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2130:1 January 1995
2127:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2080:1 January 1995
2077:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2030:1 January 1995
2027:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2005:1 January 1995
2002:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1980:1 January 1995
1977:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1955:1 January 1995
1952:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1930:1 January 1995
1927:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1905:1 January 1995
1902:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1880:1 January 1995
1877:
1863:
1862:
1860:1 January 1950
1857:
1852:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1830:1 January 1995
1827:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1705:1 January 1995
1702:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1680:1 January 1995
1677:
1663:
1662:
1660:1 October 1951
1657:
1655:1 January 1995
1652:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1630:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1583:1 January 1995
1580:
1566:
1565:
1563:1 January 1948
1560:
1558:1 January 1995
1555:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1533:1 January 1995
1530:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:1 January 1995
1483:
1481:European Union
1469:
1468:
1463:
1461:1 January 1995
1458:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1436:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1364:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:30 August 2024
1342:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1295:1 January 1995
1292:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1245:1 January 1995
1242:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1220:1 January 1995
1217:
1215:Czech Republic
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1178:
1177:
1175:1 January 1948
1172:
1167:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1145:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1123:1 January 1995
1120:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1098:1 January 1995
1095:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1048:1 January 1997
1045:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:21 August 2024
1023:
1009:
1008:
1006:3 October 1981
1003:
998:
984:
983:
981:
976:
962:
961:
956:
954:1 January 1995
951:
937:
936:
931:
926:
912:
911:
906:
901:
887:
886:
884:
879:
865:
864:
862:1 January 1948
859:
857:1 January 1995
854:
840:
839:
834:
829:
815:
814:
812:
807:
793:
792:
787:
782:
768:
767:
762:
757:
743:
742:
740:
735:
721:
720:
715:
713:1 January 1995
710:
696:
695:
690:
688:1 January 1995
685:
671:
670:
668:28 August 1987
665:
660:
646:
645:
640:
635:
621:
620:
615:
610:
596:
595:
593:7 October 1983
590:
588:1 January 1995
585:
571:
570:
568:1 January 1948
565:
563:1 January 1995
560:
546:
545:
540:
538:1 January 1995
535:
521:
520:
515:
513:1 January 1995
510:
496:
495:
490:
488:1 January 1995
485:
471:
470:
465:
463:1 January 1995
460:
446:
445:
443:1 January 1948
440:
438:1 January 1995
435:
421:
420:
418:
413:
399:
398:
393:
391:1 January 1995
388:
374:
373:
368:
366:1 January 1995
363:
349:
348:
343:
338:
324:
323:
321:
316:
302:
301:
299:
294:
280:
279:
276:
273:
263:
260:
214:Chinese Taipei
197:European Union
154:
148:
145:European Union
139:
133:
125:
122:
97:
91:
85:
79:
73:
65:
62:
56:, followed by
20:members of the
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8144:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8119:
8117:
8104:
8103:
8102:
8097:
8087:
8083:
8080:
8077:
8076:
8073:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7929:
7927:
7925:
7921:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7884:United States
7882:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7862:
7860:
7857:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7842:
7840:
7837:
7835:
7832:
7830:
7827:
7825:
7822:
7820:
7817:
7815:
7812:
7810:
7807:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7762:
7760:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7735:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7610:
7607:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7584:Liechtenstein
7582:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7484:Guinea-Bissau
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
7425:
7422:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7236:
7234:
7230:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7198:
7194:
7191:
7190:
7188:
7184:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7110:
7104:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7039:
7037:
7033:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7003:
7001:
6997:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6967:
6965:
6961:
6957:
6950:
6945:
6943:
6938:
6936:
6931:
6930:
6927:
6919:
6906:
6898:
6894:
6889:
6885:
6879:
6874:
6873:
6867:
6862:
6850:
6846:
6842:
6830:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6812:
6808:
6803:
6791:
6787:
6775:
6771:
6767:
6763:
6759:
6755:
6751:
6747:
6743:
6739:
6735:
6730:
6718:
6714:
6710:
6698:
6694:
6689:
6677:
6673:
6661:
6657:
6656:
6636:
6632:
6626:
6620:
6615:
6599:
6595:
6589:
6573:
6567:
6551:
6545:
6537:
6531:
6525:
6520:
6514:
6509:
6501:
6495:
6479:
6475:
6469:
6453:
6447:
6428:
6422:
6406:
6400:
6384:
6378:
6363:
6356:
6350:
6334:
6330:
6324:
6308:
6304:
6298:
6282:
6278:
6272:
6264:
6263:
6258:
6251:
6243:
6239:
6233:
6225:
6224:
6219:
6213:
6206:
6201:
6199:
6190:
6186:
6180:
6174:
6169:
6161:
6157:
6151:
6145:
6140:
6132:
6126:
6110:
6103:
6102:
6095:
6079:
6073:
6067:
6062:
6056:
6051:
6036:
6032:
6026:
6011:
6007:
6001:
5985:
5981:
5975:
5967:
5961:
5953:
5949:
5943:
5935:
5929:
5921:
5915:
5900:
5896:
5889:
5873:
5867:
5865:
5848:
5844:
5838:
5822:
5818:
5812:
5805:
5800:
5785:
5781:
5775:
5768:
5762:
5747:
5740:
5734:
5732:
5716:
5712:
5706:
5704:
5702:
5685:
5678:
5672:
5670:
5668:
5660:
5655:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5639:
5637:
5635:
5627:
5622:
5615:
5614:WTO Accession
5609:
5602:
5601:WTO Accession
5596:
5580:
5576:
5570:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5541:
5533:
5517:
5513:
5507:
5491:
5485:
5476:
5469:
5464:
5462:
5454:
5449:
5442:
5441:WTO Accession
5436:
5429:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5412:
5407:
5405:
5403:
5395:
5390:
5386:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5367:
5365:
5357:
5346:
5344:
5333:
5331:
5320:
5318:
5307:
5305:
5294:
5292:
5281:
5279:
5268:
5266:
5255:
5253:
5242:
5240:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5211:
5210:
5207:
5206:African Union
5196:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5170:
5169:
5166:
5155:
5154:
5132:
5123:
5121:
5111:
5107:
5101:
5100:
5094:
5089:
5087:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5066:
5064:
5053:
5052:
5048:
5043:
5041:
5030:
5029:
5025:
5020:
5018:
5007:
5006:
5002:
4997:
4995:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4974:
4972:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4951:
4949:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4928:
4926:
4915:
4914:
4910:
4905:
4903:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4882:
4880:
4869:
4868:
4865:Reactivation
4864:
4859:
4857:
4846:
4845:
4841:
4836:
4834:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4812:
4800:
4799:
4796:Reactivation
4795:
4790:
4788:
4777:
4776:
4772:
4767:
4765:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4744:
4742:
4731:
4730:
4727:Reactivation
4726:
4721:
4719:
4708:
4707:
4704:Reactivation
4703:
4698:
4696:
4685:
4684:
4680:
4675:
4673:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4652:
4650:
4639:
4638:
4634:
4629:
4627:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4606:
4604:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4583:
4581:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4555:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4527:
4518:
4511:
4508:Known as the
4505:
4498:
4492:
4485:
4479:
4472:
4466:
4459:
4453:
4446:
4442:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4411:
4407:
4402:
4395:
4391:
4386:
4384:
4376:
4372:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4333:
4327:
4323:
4317:
4316:
4308:
4303:
4301:
4290:
4289:
4283:
4278:
4276:
4265:
4264:
4261:
4256:
4254:
4243:
4242:
4239:
4234:
4232:
4221:
4220:
4214:
4209:
4207:
4196:
4195:
4192:
4187:
4185:
4174:
4173:
4167:
4162:
4160:
4149:
4148:
4142:
4137:
4135:
4134:United States
4124:
4123:
4117:
4112:
4110:
4099:
4098:
4092:
4089:10 April 1996
4087:
4085:
4074:
4073:
4070:
4065:
4063:
4052:
4051:
4045:
4040:
4038:
4027:
4026:
4020:
4017:26 March 1995
4015:
4013:
4002:
4001:
3995:
3992:29 March 1995
3990:
3988:
3977:
3976:
3970:
3965:
3963:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3943:
3941:
3930:
3929:
3925:20 March 1964
3923:
3918:
3916:
3905:
3904:
3898:
3893:
3891:
3880:
3879:
3873:
3868:
3866:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3846:
3844:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3824:
3822:
3811:
3810:
3806:1 August 1966
3804:
3799:
3797:
3786:
3785:
3781:30 April 1950
3779:
3774:
3772:
3761:
3760:
3756:22 March 1978
3754:
3749:
3747:
3736:
3735:
3729:
3724:
3722:
3711:
3710:
3704:
3699:
3697:
3686:
3685:
3679:
3674:
3672:
3661:
3660:
3654:
3649:
3647:
3636:
3635:
3629:
3624:
3622:
3611:
3610:
3606:15 April 1993
3604:
3599:
3597:
3586:
3585:
3579:
3574:
3572:
3561:
3560:
3554:
3549:
3547:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3529:26 April 2015
3527:
3525:
3514:
3513:
3507:
3502:
3500:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3480:
3478:
3467:
3466:
3463:
3458:
3456:
3445:
3444:
3438:
3433:
3431:
3420:
3419:
3415:13 April 1993
3413:
3408:
3406:
3395:
3394:
3390:24 March 1994
3388:
3383:
3381:
3370:
3369:
3363:
3358:
3356:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3336:
3334:
3323:
3322:
3316:
3311:
3309:
3298:
3297:
3291:
3286:
3284:
3273:
3272:
3266:
3261:
3259:
3248:
3247:
3241:
3236:
3234:
3223:
3222:
3216:
3211:
3209:
3198:
3197:
3191:
3186:
3184:
3173:
3172:
3166:
3161:
3159:
3148:
3147:
3141:
3136:
3134:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3101:
3100:
3094:
3089:
3087:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3054:
3053:
3047:
3042:
3040:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3020:
3018:
3007:
3006:
3000:
2995:
2993:
2982:
2981:
2975:
2970:
2968:
2957:
2956:
2950:
2945:
2943:
2932:
2931:
2925:
2920:
2918:
2907:
2906:
2900:
2895:
2893:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2875:23 April 2004
2873:
2871:
2860:
2859:
2853:
2848:
2846:
2835:
2834:
2828:
2823:
2821:
2810:
2809:
2803:
2798:
2796:
2785:
2784:
2778:
2773:
2771:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2753:29 April 2012
2751:
2749:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2729:
2727:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2694:
2693:
2687:
2682:
2680:
2669:
2668:
2662:
2657:
2655:
2644:
2643:
2637:
2632:
2630:
2619:
2618:
2612:
2607:
2605:
2594:
2593:
2587:
2582:
2580:
2569:
2568:
2562:
2557:
2555:
2544:
2543:
2539:19 April 1983
2537:
2532:
2530:
2519:
2518:
2512:
2507:
2505:
2494:
2493:
2487:
2482:
2480:
2469:
2468:
2462:
2457:
2455:
2444:
2443:
2437:
2432:
2430:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2408:
2397:
2396:
2392:29 March 1994
2390:
2385:
2383:
2382:Liechtenstein
2372:
2371:
2368:
2363:
2361:
2350:
2349:
2343:
2338:
2336:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2316:
2314:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2294:
2292:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2272:
2270:
2259:
2258:
2252:
2247:
2245:
2234:
2233:
2229:14 April 1967
2227:
2222:
2220:
2209:
2208:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2155:11 April 2000
2153:
2151:
2140:
2139:
2133:
2128:
2126:
2115:
2114:
2108:
2103:
2101:
2090:
2089:
2083:
2078:
2076:
2065:
2064:
2058:
2055:21 April 1995
2053:
2051:
2040:
2039:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2015:
2014:
2008:
2003:
2001:
1990:
1989:
1983:
1978:
1976:
1965:
1964:
1960:21 April 1968
1958:
1953:
1951:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1928:
1926:
1915:
1914:
1910:23 April 1986
1908:
1903:
1901:
1890:
1889:
1885:10 April 1994
1883:
1878:
1876:
1865:
1864:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1840:
1839:
1833:
1828:
1826:
1815:
1814:
1810:17 March 1994
1808:
1803:
1801:
1800:Guinea-Bissau
1790:
1789:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1765:
1764:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1740:
1739:
1733:
1728:
1726:
1715:
1714:
1708:
1703:
1701:
1690:
1689:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1665:
1664:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1631:
1629:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1593:
1592:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1568:
1567:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1543:
1542:
1536:
1531:
1529:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1471:
1470:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1424:
1423:
1417:
1412:
1410:
1399:
1398:
1392:
1387:
1385:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1330:
1329:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1305:
1304:
1300:20 April 1993
1298:
1293:
1291:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1230:
1229:
1225:15 April 1993
1223:
1218:
1216:
1205:
1204:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1170:20 April 1995
1168:
1166:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1133:
1132:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1118:Côte d'Ivoire
1108:
1107:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1073:27 March 1997
1071:
1069:
1058:
1057:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1024:
1022:
1011:
1010:
1004:
1001:30 April 1995
999:
997:
986:
985:
982:
977:
975:
964:
963:
959:16 March 1949
957:
952:
950:
939:
938:
932:
927:
925:
914:
913:
907:
902:
900:
889:
888:
885:
880:
878:
867:
866:
860:
855:
853:
842:
841:
835:
830:
828:
817:
816:
813:
808:
806:
795:
794:
790:13 March 1965
788:
783:
781:
770:
769:
763:
758:
756:
745:
744:
741:
736:
734:
723:
722:
716:
711:
709:
698:
697:
691:
686:
684:
673:
672:
666:
661:
659:
648:
647:
641:
636:
634:
623:
622:
616:
611:
609:
598:
597:
591:
586:
584:
573:
572:
566:
561:
559:
548:
547:
541:
536:
534:
523:
522:
516:
511:
509:
498:
497:
491:
486:
484:
473:
472:
466:
461:
459:
448:
447:
441:
436:
434:
423:
422:
419:
414:
412:
401:
400:
394:
389:
387:
376:
375:
371:30 March 1987
369:
364:
362:
351:
350:
344:
339:
337:
326:
325:
322:
317:
315:
304:
303:
300:
295:
293:
282:
281:
277:
274:
271:
270:
267:
259:
255:
253:
249:
243:
241:
237:
235:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
198:
193:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
146:
137: Members
130:
121:
117:
113:
110:
70:
61:
59:
55:
50:
46:
44:
40:
36:
35:Uruguay Round
32:
29:(GATT) after
28:
24:
21:
18:The original
16:
8092:
8091:
7799:South Africa
7784:Sierra Leone
7769:Saudi Arabia
7324:Burkina Faso
7097:Bali Package
7026:Peace Clause
6969:
6905:cite journal
6871:
6853:. Retrieved
6848:
6833:. Retrieved
6828:
6806:
6794:. Retrieved
6778:. Retrieved
6773:
6737:
6733:
6721:. Retrieved
6717:the original
6701:. Retrieved
6696:
6680:. Retrieved
6664:. Retrieved
6639:. Retrieved
6625:
6614:
6602:. Retrieved
6588:
6578:10 September
6576:. Retrieved
6566:
6556:10 September
6554:. Retrieved
6544:
6530:
6519:
6508:
6494:
6482:. Retrieved
6468:
6456:. Retrieved
6446:
6434:. Retrieved
6421:
6409:. Retrieved
6399:
6387:. Retrieved
6377:
6365:. Retrieved
6349:
6337:. Retrieved
6323:
6311:. Retrieved
6297:
6285:. Retrieved
6283:. March 2013
6271:
6260:
6250:
6241:
6232:
6221:
6212:
6189:the original
6179:
6168:
6160:the original
6150:
6139:
6125:
6113:. Retrieved
6100:
6094:
6082:. Retrieved
6072:
6061:
6050:
6038:. Retrieved
6034:
6025:
6013:. Retrieved
6009:
6000:
5988:. Retrieved
5974:
5942:
5914:
5902:. Retrieved
5898:
5888:
5876:. Retrieved
5851:. Retrieved
5847:the original
5837:
5825:. Retrieved
5821:the original
5811:
5799:
5787:. Retrieved
5774:
5766:
5761:
5749:. Retrieved
5718:. Retrieved
5688:. Retrieved
5621:
5613:
5608:
5600:
5595:
5583:. Retrieved
5581:. April 2014
5569:
5544:
5538:
5532:
5520:. Retrieved
5506:
5494:. Retrieved
5484:
5475:
5448:
5440:
5435:
5389:
5361:
5220:
5217:Other states
5171:Since 2005,
5137:22 July 2020
5131:
5110:
5063:Turkmenistan
4907:10 June 2004
4838:19 July 1996
4801:
4631:30 June 1997
4553:
4532:Member state
4526:
4517:
4504:
4491:
4478:
4465:
4452:
4441:Member state
4406:Member state
4401:
4390:Member state
4371:Member state
4326:
4310:11 July 1948
4305:5 March 1995
4258:26 June 2014
4094:8 March 1994
3967:1 March 1995
3945:27 July 2007
3848:2 March 2013
3793:
3731:29 July 1948
3681:13 June 1948
3671:South Africa
3651:26 July 1996
3626:30 July 1995
3551:23 July 1995
3546:Sierra Leone
3477:Saudi Arabia
3293:7 April 1994
3096:30 July 1948
3049:10 July 1948
3022:4 April 2003
2927:30 July 1948
2830:29 July 1948
2805:27 July 1992
2780:17 June 1987
2709:26 July 2001
2604:Macao, China
2365:14 July 2016
2105:9 March 1995
1755:21 July 1995
1710:1 March 1950
1633:14 June 2000
1389:30 June 1995
1320:9 March 1995
1200:15 July 1963
1195:30 July 1995
934:12 July 1963
882:23 July 2008
785:23 July 1995
755:Burkina Faso
693:30 July 1948
346:8 April 1994
297:29 July 2016
265:
256:
244:
238:
226:
194:
167:, which had
162:
118:
114:
105:
51:
47:
22:
19:
17:
15:
8027:Netherlands
7814:Switzerland
7729:Philippines
7669:New Zealand
7554:South Korea
7434:El Salvador
7399:Ivory Coast
7239:Afghanistan
7223:Rufus Yerxa
7208:Pascal Lamy
7177:13th (2024)
7172:12th (2022)
7167:11th (2017)
7162:10th (2015)
7109:Conferences
7107:Ministerial
7047:Agriculture
6484:26 November
6436:26 December
6084:5 September
6035:www.wto.org
6010:www.wto.org
5904:17 December
5878:17 December
5789:19 February
5767:Sovereignty
5522:22 December
5496:22 December
5317:North Korea
5072:Activation
4994:South Sudan
4980:Activation
4773:Activation
4750:Activation
4723:11 May 1999
4654:10 May 2001
4608:4 July 1997
4585:3 June 1987
4540:withdrawing
4512:until 2019.
4499:until 1999.
4486:until 1997.
4460:until 2018.
4447:since 2004.
4412:since 2013.
4396:since 2007.
4067:16 May 2008
3920:31 May 1995
3801:1 July 1995
3796:Switzerland
3556:19 May 1961
3460:10 May 2012
3440:18 May 1993
3405:Saint Lucia
3360:22 May 1996
3238:1 July 1995
3208:Philippines
3138:9 June 1996
2952:28 May 1950
2917:New Zealand
2892:Netherlands
2634:31 May 1995
2559:31 May 1995
2534:31 May 1995
2484:31 May 1995
2412:31 May 2001
2340:31 May 1995
2085:30 May 1950
2060:5 July 1962
1985:8 July 1948
1835:5 July 1966
1805:31 May 1995
1538:25 May 1950
1419:22 May 1991
1409:El Salvador
1325:19 May 1950
1270:31 May 1995
1250:28 May 1950
904:31 May 1995
760:3 June 1995
663:31 May 1995
292:Afghanistan
240:Timor-Leste
8116:Categories
8017:Luxembourg
7819:Tajikistan
7779:Seychelles
7654:Mozambique
7644:Montenegro
7619:Mauritania
7594:Madagascar
7564:Kyrgyzstan
7544:Kazakhstan
7454:The Gambia
7394:Costa Rica
7354:Cape Verde
7284:Bangladesh
7157:9th (2013)
7152:8th (2011)
7147:7th (2009)
7142:6th (2005)
7137:5th (2003)
7132:4th (2001)
7127:3rd (1999)
7122:2nd (1998)
7117:1st (1996)
7035:Agreements
6641:21 January
6604:21 January
6411:7 December
6367:7 December
6185:"Wt/L/333"
6156:"Wt/L/218"
6040:26 January
6015:26 January
5853:3 November
5827:3 November
5585:25 October
5382:References
5343:San Marino
5278:Micronesia
5190:World Bank
5151:Applicants
5086:Uzbekistan
4626:Azerbaijan
3843:Tajikistan
3524:Seychelles
3268:6 May 1962
2795:Mozambique
2748:Montenegro
2629:Mauritania
2454:Madagascar
2429:Luxembourg
2269:Kyrgyzstan
2254:3 May 1963
2172:Kazakhstan
1588:3 May 1963
1414:7 May 1995
1394:9 May 1970
1340:East Timor
1093:Costa Rica
1078:3 May 1963
909:3 May 1963
877:Cape Verde
837:3 May 1963
765:3 May 1963
508:Bangladesh
8012:Lithuania
7894:Venezuela
7804:Sri Lanka
7789:Singapore
7754:St. Lucia
7674:Nicaragua
7624:Mauritius
7519:Indonesia
7504:Hong Kong
7474:Guatemala
7274:Australia
7264:Argentina
7006:Criticism
6754:153128973
5960:cite news
5928:cite news
5561:162297876
5165:Palestine
4484:Hong Kong
4458:Swaziland
4456:Known as
4206:Venezuela
3721:Sri Lanka
3571:Singapore
2942:Nicaragua
2654:Mauritius
2407:Lithuania
2000:Indonesia
1750:Guatemala
433:Australia
386:Argentina
218:One China
202:Hong Kong
31:ratifying
8052:Slovenia
8047:Slovakia
8037:Portugal
7942:Bulgaria
7914:Zimbabwe
7834:Thailand
7829:Tanzania
7809:Suriname
7719:Paraguay
7704:Pakistan
7639:Mongolia
7609:Maldives
7604:Malaysia
7499:Honduras
7439:Eswatini
7414:Dominica
7409:Djibouti
7379:Colombia
7344:Cameroon
7339:Cambodia
7309:Botswana
7289:Barbados
6855:16 March
6835:16 March
6796:16 March
6780:16 March
6723:16 March
6703:16 March
6389:24 April
6313:24 March
6287:23 April
6223:BBC News
5984:Archived
5769:, p. 109
5751:11 April
5720:11 April
5690:11 April
5370:See also
5252:Kiribati
4811:Holy See
4787:Ethiopia
4300:Zimbabwe
3890:Thailand
3865:Tanzania
3746:Suriname
3621:Slovenia
3596:Slovakia
3258:Portugal
3158:Paraguay
3086:Pakistan
2726:Mongolia
2529:Maldives
2504:Malaysia
1875:Honduras
1456:Eswatini
1290:Dominica
1265:Djibouti
996:Colombia
827:Cameroon
805:Cambodia
733:Bulgaria
658:Botswana
533:Barbados
250:and the
229:Holy See
8042:Romania
7997:Ireland
7992:Hungary
7982:Germany
7972:Finland
7967:Estonia
7962:Denmark
7947:Croatia
7937:Belgium
7932:Austria
7899:Vietnam
7889:Uruguay
7869:Ukraine
7854:Tunisia
7774:Senegal
7684:Nigeria
7659:Namibia
7649:Morocco
7634:Moldova
7579:Liberia
7574:Lesotho
7529:Jamaica
7509:Iceland
7469:Grenada
7459:Georgia
7424:Ecuador
7334:Burundi
7329:Myanmar
7304:Bolivia
7279:Bahrain
7269:Armenia
7249:Algeria
7244:Albania
7232:Members
6682:12 July
6666:12 July
6458:26 July
6339:7 March
6115:24 July
5990:3 April
5239:Eritrea
4971:Somalia
4879:Lebanon
4741:Curaçao
4672:Belarus
4649:Bahamas
4603:Andorra
4580:Algeria
4566:Status
4534:of the
4530:Former
4443:of the
4408:of the
4392:of the
4373:of the
4231:Vietnam
4184:Vanuatu
4159:Uruguay
4062:Ukraine
3987:Tunisia
3499:Senegal
3308:Romania
2992:Nigeria
2845:Namibia
2820:Myanmar
2770:Morocco
2704:Moldova
2360:Liberia
2335:Lesotho
2100:Jamaica
2025:Ireland
1950:Iceland
1925:Hungary
1725:Grenada
1650:Germany
1628:Georgia
1528:Finland
1434:Estonia
1362:Ecuador
1240:Denmark
1143:Croatia
1021:Comoros
780:Burundi
633:Bolivia
558:Belgium
483:Bahrain
458:Austria
411:Armenia
314:Albania
181:Liberia
177:Lebanon
58:Algeria
8062:Sweden
8032:Poland
8007:Latvia
7987:Greece
7977:France
7952:Cyprus
7909:Zambia
7864:Uganda
7859:Turkey
7824:Taiwan
7744:Rwanda
7739:Russia
7709:Panama
7694:Norway
7629:Mexico
7599:Malawi
7559:Kuwait
7539:Jordan
7524:Israel
7489:Guyana
7479:Guinea
7349:Canada
7319:Brunei
7314:Brazil
7294:Belize
7254:Angola
7186:People
6999:Issues
6963:System
6897:957651
6895:
6880:
6813:
6762:916768
6760:
6752:
6111:. 2012
5686:. 2007
5559:
5518:. 2005
5364:Kosovo
5356:Tuvalu
5353:
5340:
5327:
5314:
5301:
5291:Monaco
5288:
5275:
5262:
5249:
5236:
5203:
5162:
5083:
5060:
5037:
5014:
4991:
4968:
4948:Serbia
4945:
4922:
4899:
4876:
4853:
4830:
4808:
4784:
4761:
4738:
4715:
4695:Bhutan
4692:
4669:
4646:
4623:
4600:
4577:
4560:State
4538:until
4297:
4275:Zambia
4272:
4250:
4228:
4203:
4181:
4156:
4131:
4106:
4081:
4059:
4037:Uganda
4034:
4012:Turkey
4009:
3984:
3959:
3937:
3912:
3887:
3862:
3840:
3821:Taiwan
3818:
3771:Sweden
3768:
3743:
3718:
3693:
3668:
3643:
3618:
3593:
3568:
3543:
3521:
3496:
3474:
3452:
3427:
3402:
3377:
3355:Rwanda
3352:
3333:Russia
3330:
3305:
3280:
3255:
3233:Poland
3230:
3205:
3180:
3155:
3130:
3111:Panama
3108:
3083:
3061:
3039:Norway
3036:
3014:
2989:
2964:
2939:
2914:
2889:
2842:
2817:
2792:
2767:
2745:
2723:
2701:
2679:Mexico
2676:
2651:
2626:
2601:
2576:
2551:
2526:
2501:
2479:Malawi
2476:
2451:
2426:
2404:
2379:
2357:
2332:
2313:Latvia
2310:
2288:
2266:
2244:Kuwait
2241:
2216:
2191:
2169:
2150:Jordan
2147:
2122:
2097:
2072:
2050:Israel
2047:
2022:
1997:
1972:
1947:
1922:
1897:
1872:
1847:
1825:Guyana
1822:
1797:
1775:Guinea
1772:
1747:
1722:
1700:Greece
1697:
1672:
1647:
1625:
1603:Gambia
1600:
1575:
1553:France
1550:
1525:
1500:
1478:
1453:
1431:
1406:
1381:
1359:
1337:
1312:
1287:
1262:
1237:
1212:
1190:Cyprus
1187:
1162:
1140:
1115:
1090:
1065:
1040:
1018:
993:
971:
946:
921:
896:
874:
852:Canada
849:
824:
802:
777:
752:
730:
708:Brunei
705:
683:Brazil
680:
655:
630:
605:
583:Belize
580:
555:
530:
505:
480:
455:
430:
408:
383:
358:
336:Angola
333:
311:
289:
272:State
183:, and
156:
150:
141:
135:
99:
93:
87:
81:
75:
8057:Spain
8022:Malta
8002:Italy
7904:Yemen
7844:Tonga
7764:Samoa
7734:Qatar
7679:Niger
7664:Nepal
7589:Macau
7549:Kenya
7534:Japan
7514:India
7494:Haiti
7464:Ghana
7449:Gabon
7429:Egypt
7374:China
7369:Chile
7299:Benin
6750:S2CID
6740:(3).
6430:(PDF)
6358:(PDF)
6105:(PDF)
5742:(PDF)
5680:(PDF)
5557:S2CID
5330:Palau
5304:Nauru
5102:Notes
5040:Syria
5017:Sudan
4902:Libya
4497:Macao
4318:Notes
4253:Yemen
3940:Tonga
3696:Spain
3455:Samoa
3283:Qatar
2967:Niger
2870:Nepal
2579:Malta
2194:Kenya
2125:Japan
2075:Italy
1975:India
1850:Haiti
1675:Ghana
1578:Gabon
1384:Egypt
974:China
949:Chile
608:Benin
206:Macao
185:Syria
173:China
7839:Togo
7724:Peru
7699:Oman
7614:Mali
7569:Laos
7444:Fiji
7404:Cuba
7364:Chad
6918:help
6893:SSRN
6878:ISBN
6857:2007
6837:2007
6811:ISBN
6798:2007
6782:2007
6758:SSRN
6725:2007
6705:2007
6684:2012
6668:2012
6643:2024
6606:2024
6580:2017
6558:2017
6486:2021
6460:2020
6438:2017
6413:2016
6391:2013
6369:2019
6341:2020
6315:2024
6289:2013
6117:2013
6086:2019
6042:2024
6017:2024
5992:2010
5966:link
5934:link
5906:2011
5880:2011
5855:2012
5829:2012
5791:2013
5753:2014
5722:2014
5692:2014
5616:, 63
5603:, 62
5587:2014
5524:2013
5498:2013
5443:, 64
5188:and
4856:Iraq
4833:Iran
4816:None
4469:All
3915:Togo
3183:Peru
3064:Oman
2554:Mali
2291:Laos
1503:Fiji
1165:Cuba
924:Chad
189:GATT
54:Iran
33:the
6742:doi
5549:doi
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