2248:, 104 were members elected in mutual elections from the three lower nobility ranks, 61 were lifetime-appointed members (many of these from the bureaucracy) and 45 were members elected by the 15 top taxpayers in each of the 45 prefectures. The number of noble and appointed members of the House of Peers was not fixed and varied gradually over time as members died or new peerages were granted; the number of elected top taxpayer seats, Imperial Academy seats (introduced in 1925), members appointed from the colonies Chōsen/Korea and Taiwan/Formosa (introduced in 1945), and the size of the House of Representatives was fixed by law, but was also changed several times over the decades. The last, 92nd Imperial Diet of 1946–1947 had 839 members - 466 members of the House of Representatives and 373 members of the House of Peers. As the regulations establishing the
816:(Assembly, or House of Representatives). They are functionally similar to other bicameral parliaments, with the lower house being significantly more influential and having more power over the creation of legislation. Elections to Dáil Éireann are held at least every five years using the single transferable vote; while elections to Seanad Éireann are restricted to members of both houses, elected members of local authorities, and alumni of
2724:. The National Council of Provinces is composed of 90 delegates with 10 delegates for each of the nine provinces regardless of the population of the province. A provincial delegation consists of six permanent delegates and four special delegates. NCOP delegates are elected by the nine provincial legislatures on the day when they reconvene, usually the same day as the National Assembly. The delegates are sworn in the next day.
553:
senators appointed by the president. The
President appoints 12 Senators on the advice of the Prime Minister and two on the advice of the Leader of the Opposition.The remaining seven Senators are nominated by the President at their discretion (that is, the President is not bound by other political leaders' advice in these appointments) to represent various religious, social, economic, or other interests in Barbados.
1935:, which is the German constitution, "embers of the German Bundestag shall be elected in general, direct, free, equal, and secret elections. They shall be representatives of the whole people, not bound by orders or instructions, and responsible only to their conscience." An important though not constitutionally required feature of German parliamentarianism is a slightly modified proportional representation.
1244:
constituencies, and the Senate which has 31 members appointed by the president: 16 government senators appointed on the advice of the prime minister, 6 opposition senators appointed on the advice of the leader of the opposition and 9 independent senators appointed by the president to represent other sectors of civil society.
2458:(Second Chamber), is the most important one. The important debates take place here. Also, the Second Chamber can amend proposed laws and can propose laws itself. The Senate does not have these capabilities. Its function is a more technical reviewing of laws. It can only pass a law or reject it. Both chambers are in
1127:. The National Assembly of Pakistan has a total of 342 members, of whom 272 are directly elected, and 70 seats are reserved for women and minorities. A member of the National Assembly of Pakistan (MNA) has a tenure of five years. On the other hand, there are 104 members of the Senate of Pakistan, in which all four
2161:), are directly elected, and although the two chambers differ in legislative and political authority, term length and age restriction of eligibility, the members of both houses are generally equal in personal status (financial compensation, immunity, etc.). There are currently 710 members of the National Diet (
397:. Members may use the postnominal "MP" after their names. "MHR" ("Member of the House of Representatives") was not used, which was affirmed by cabinet in 1901 and reaffirmed in 1951 and 1965. However, the prohibition of "MHR" does not appear to have been strictly enforced, as it was used most recently by
1680:; transliteration Narodno sabranie / Parlament), which are called 'Deputati' (singular Deputat). Moreover, there are 240 MPs in the normal parliament and 400 in the "Great Parliament". The Great Parliament is elected when a new constitution is needed. There have been seven Great Parliaments in modern
900:
and 12 members are nominated representatives. Kenya also has 47 elected senators from 47 counties; who sit in the Senate parliament. The senators oversee the counties, which are run by governors- also democratically elected. There are also members of county assembly. They are elected from each ward,
876:
The
Parliament of Jamaica is the legislative branch of the government of Jamaica. It is a bicameral body, composed of an appointed Senate and an elected House of Representatives. The Senate (upper house), the direct successor of a pre-Independence body known as the "Legislative Council"—comprises 21
512:
allocates reserved seats to parties based on the number of general seats they won. A party then presents a list of candidates, each requiring a presenter and a seconder. If the number of candidates presented and seats allocated is equal, then there is no election and the reserved seats are filled in
3559:
Judgment no.390/2007 of the
Constitutional Court makes clear that the third paragraph of Article 68 of the Constitution is intended to prevent that — listening to confidential discussions of a senator or a deputy — the Judiciary may become a source of constraints and pressures on the free
2223:
7500 for the two presidents, ¥4500 for the two vice-presidents, ¥3000 for all other members of both houses, except
Imperial princes, dukes and marquesses—their status was different by definition: The upper house consisted mainly of hereditary nobles and lifetime-appointed peers, the lower house of
552:
The
Parliament of Barbados is the legislative branch of the government of Barbados. It is a bicameral body, composed of an appointed Senate and an elected House of Assembly. The Senate (upper house), the direct successor of a pre-Independence body known as the "Legislative Council"—comprises 21
1012:
consists of the president of Malta and the House of
Representatives of 69 members (article 51 of the Constitution), referred to as "members of Parliament" (article 52(1) of the Constitution). When appointed from outside the House, the speaker is also considered a member of the Parliament. The
2896:
According to a survey investigation by the sociologist Jenny
Hansson, Swedish national parliamentarians have an average workweek of 66 hours, including side responsibilities. Hansson's investigation further reports that the average Swedish national parliamentarian sleeps 6.5 hours per night.
1243:
The Parliament of
Trinidad and Tobago is the legislative branch of the government of Trinidad and Tobago. The Parliament is bicameral. It consists of the elected House of Representatives, which has 41 members elected for a five-year term in single-seat
2259:
were decreed before the
Imperial constitution, the prime minister did not have to be a member of the Imperial Diet, but after the establishment of the Imperial Diet in 1890, many prime ministers were appointed from the House of Peers; very few were members of the House of Representatives,
2469:
The 150 members of the House of
Representatives are elected by general elections every four years (or earlier if the government falls). The 75 members of the Senate are elected indirectly. The members of the twelve provincial parliaments and the councils of the three Caribbean
1228:
groups) in proportion to their share of the national vote at a general election. A candidate to become an MP must be a Sri Lankan citizen and can be a holder of dual-citizenship in any other country, be at least 18 years of age, and not be a public official or officeholder.
328:
in the United States. The term is also used to the characteristic of performing the duties of a member of a legislature, for example: "The two party leaders often disagreed on issues, but both were excellent parliamentarians and cooperated to get many good things done."
1088:
Since 1907, members of the House of Representatives have been referred to as 'Member of Parliament', abbreviated MP. From the 1860s until 1907 they were designated as 'Member of the House of Representatives', abbreviated 'MHR'. Between the first general election, in
448:
is the bicameral national parliament of Commonwealth of the Bahamas. The parliament is formally made up by the monarch (represented by the governor-general), an appointed Senate, and an elected House of Assembly. It currently sits at Nassau, the national capital.
2554:; the Odelstinget comprised three-quarters, or 127, of the total 169 members, whereas the Lagtinget comprised the remainder. The dividing of the parliament into chambers was only used when dealing with passing regular laws and in cases of impeachment (
2056:
Currently, there are 575 and 136 members in the DPR and the DPD respectively, both elected for a renewable five-year term. Members of the DPR are required to be a member of a registered political party, whereas members of the DPD are independent.
2406:, to approve the government (although appointed by the president, the prime minister, along with the Cabinet, must retain the confidence of a majority in the Parliament), and to approve laws and expenditure. The name of a deputy in Arabic is
2401:
is the Lebanese national legislature. It is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage in multi-member constituencies, apportioned among Lebanon's diverse Christian and Muslim denominations. Its major functions are to elect the
831:(TD) or "Deputy to the Dáil", and addressed as "Teachta" (Deputy), while a Member of the Seanad is known and addressed as Seanadóir (Senator). These titles are used much more commonly in English than the official Irish.
323:
is also sometimes used for members of parliament, but this may also be used to refer to unelected government officials with specific roles in a parliament and other expert advisers on parliamentary procedure such as the
2203:
is elected by the National Diet and must be a member of the National Diet, as must the majority of other ministers; by practice, all prime ministers since 1947 have been members of the House of Representatives so far.
1455:
A candidate to become an MP must be a British or Irish or Commonwealth citizen, be at least 18 years of age (reduced from 21 in 2006), and not be a public official or officeholder, as set out in the schedule to the
769:
is a permanent house that is not subject to dissolution, and one third of the members retire every two years. Vacancies in both houses, whether because of death or resignation of a member, must be filled by using a
3090:
3035:. There are 450 people's deputies of Ukraine who are elected based on the general, equal and direct electoral right for five years. The deputies may be appointed to various parliamentary positions such as the
1448:, and may remain MPs until Parliament is dissolved. "If it has not been dissolved earlier, a Parliament dissolves at the beginning of the day that is the fifth anniversary of the day on which it first met." (
753:
for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. Each state has a fixed number of representatives allocated in each chamber, in order of their respective populations. The state of
3172:
517:
system to determine the reserved seats. In reality, there has never been an election for reserved seats as parties have never nominated more candidates than they have been allocated. In order to form a
3848:
1483:
which are nominally such paid offices and thus result in the MP vacating their seat. (Accepting a salaried ministerial office does not amount to a paid office under the Crown for these purposes.)
774:
within six months of the vacancy; the newly elected member then only serves the remainder of the term of the seat to which they are elected. The number of seats in both houses is regulated by the
1545:
can be the term (often a translation) for representatives in parliamentary democracies that do not follow the Westminster system and who are usually referred to in a different fashion, such as
2893:. The deputy speakers receive an increment of 30% of the pay of a member. The chairs and deputy chairs of the parliamentary committees receive a similar increment of 20% and 15% respectively.
2219:) was a bicameral legislature of two houses, generally equal in legislative authority, and while the members of both houses received the same financial compensation - from 1920 and 1947,
880:
The House of Representatives, the lower house, is made up of 63 (previously 60) members of Parliament, elected to five-year terms on a first-past-the-post basis in single-seat constituencies.
2972:
there are 650 members of parliament, consisting of 500 members in the House of Representatives, of which 375 elected from constituencies and the other 125 by party-list, and 150 senators.
3120:
729:. Rajya Sabha can have 245 members, of which 238 members are indirectly elected. Of these 238 members, 229 belong to the state legislatures and 9 belongs to the union territories of
513:
accordance with the candidate lists prepared by parties. In the event there are more candidates than seat allocations, the 300 MPs elected from general seats vote through use of the
3444:
3205:
1273:
3824:
2139:
are also appointed senators for life. The two houses of parliament together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately.
3086:
3065:
2681:(deputies), implying that they are elected to act in the name and on behalf of the people they represent. It is also usual to call members of the European Parliament
3255:
1829:
571:
The House of Assembly (lower house) is made up of 30 members of Parliament, elected to five-year terms on a first-past-the-post basis in single-seat constituencies.
3281:
2870:
2560:). In other matters, such as passing the national budget or changing the constitution (the latter requiring a majority of two-thirds), the chambers were united.
3168:
1510:
may no longer pass on a seat in the House of Lords to their heir automatically. The 92 who remain have been elected from among their own number, following the
1285:
1361:
3858:
2474:
elect the senators. The value of a vote of a member of a provincial parliament is weighted by the population of the province. Provincial parliaments, the
765:
The term of a member of the Rajya Sabha is six years, while Lok Sabha members are elected for a term of five years, unless the house is dissolved sooner.
2625:
3428:
2053:(member of the DPD) is also widely used. These titles are not used in formal naming convention following a member's name unlike the Westminster system.
1490:
is a legislative chamber that is part of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Although they are part of the parliament, its members are referred to as
3369:
758:
has the greatest number of representatives in both houses. The person which secures the support of more than half the seats in the Lok Sabha forms the
615:). There are currently 105 seats in the Senate and 338 in the House of Commons. Members of Parliament are elected, while senators are appointed by the
3039:
of parliament, a head of a committee or a parliamentary faction, etc. Upon its appointment, to the office, each people's deputy of Ukraine receives a
3402:
3337:
497:, an individual is required to be a citizen of Bangladesh and must have attained the age of 25 years in order to qualify for election to Parliament.
1289:
1069:
is a member of the House of Representatives, which has a minimum of 120 members, elected at a general election for a three-year term. There are 72
3610:
3031:
The main statutes that define the order of elections, rights and duties of the people's deputies of Ukraine are outlined in Articles 76–81 of the
877:
senators appointed by the governor-general: thirteen on the advice of the prime minister and eight on the advice of the leader of the opposition.
3763:
3564:"Intercettazioni "telefoniche" indirette: illegittima la distruzione immediata e la conseguente immunità dei terzi (non parlamentari) coinvolti"
2960:
on 19 September 2006, all members of the assembly were suspended from duty until the next election. The assembly was fully reconvened after the
2347:
is also used to interchangeably describe a member of the Senate, the word "deputy" is the inclusive and general term for all 120 members of the
3487:
3201:
1763:
1449:
3300:
3113:
1726:
are represented by the members of Parliament in the National Assembly. A constituency may have more than one MP, depending on the population.
3793:
1932:
1464:
1016:
Privileges of members of Parliament and their Code of Ethics are laid out in the House of Representatives (Privileges and Powers) Ordinance.
1144:
1106:
1093:, and the 1860s, the designation was "Member of the General Assembly", abbreviated MGA. Before 1951, New Zealand had an upper house, the
851:
655:
325:
3194:
3679:
3500:
2934:
3831:
3142:
1759:
1269:
631:
2749:
2359:
1281:
1110:
639:
3741:
3563:
2787:
3711:
3653:
3470:
2820:
2451:
1307:
1221:
847:
779:
3599:
1255:
1157:
264:
17:
2862:. The MPs are elected by proportionality in constituencies across the nation. To decide which candidate will be elected the
2148:
1476:
1389:
1062:
3259:
2478:, are elected by general elections every four years; a new Senate is elected three months after the provincial elections.
568:
the president will then appoint the remaining two senators in the opposition's stead allowing for 9 independents instead.
2949:
2886:
2859:
738:
414:
390:
3285:
2563:
The members of the unicameral parliament of Norway are chosen by popular vote for a parliamentary period of four years.
2791:
2244:; of the House of Peers members, 10 were members of the Imperial family, 31 were hereditary members from the two upper
2008:
1994:
1480:
1261:
1217:
1205:
1183:
627:
2123:). There are currently 400 deputies and 200 senators, who are elected in general elections held every five years. The
2987:
2981:
2702:
2431:
2124:
1998:
1457:
1330:
1238:
1090:
461:
2475:
2386:
2166:
1739:
1590:
1441:
1299:
1173:
1128:
535:
378:
319:
168:
2737:
2028:
1094:
1049:
893:
565:
561:
240:
2716:
The National Assembly is made up of 400 members, who are all elected by the public in general elections using a
3036:
3028:(the unicameral parliament of Ukraine). Often people's deputies of Ukraine are referred to simply as deputies.
2906:
2776:
2637:
of the same origin as Parliament in English—is used as a common name for all legislative assemblies, and hence
2596:
2112:
1867:
1656:
1586:
1385:
1161:
817:
509:
370:
2224:
elected commoners. In the First Imperial Diet in 1890, there were initially 551 members of the Imperial Diet (
1164:, who may be appointed from members of the public who have no connection to any political party in Singapore.
504:
who represent single-constituencies, while 50 seats are reserved exclusively for women and are allocated on a
3883:
2969:
2945:
2878:
2811:
2706:
1523:
1445:
1120:
580:
3362:
1597:(House of People) held one of the in total 250 seats in the lower house. The 102 members of the upper house
2656:
1715:
1697:
1667:
1179:
1135:
is represented by four senators. A member of the Senate of Pakistan (a senator) has a tenure of six years.
734:
704:
490:
401:
when he was in the parliament (1994–2019). A member of the upper house of the Commonwealth Parliament, the
3394:
3330:
1077:
who have chosen to be registered on a separate Māori electoral roll. The remaining members are elected by
3308:
2764:
2717:
2487:
2370:
2136:
2104:
1622:
1132:
1078:
746:
534:
in Parliament. Since Bangladesh's independence, the prime minister has concurrently held the position of
505:
3801:
2957:
3607:
3538:
3046:
People's deputies that run for parliament as self-nominated candidates can join factions if they wish.
2961:
2847:
word, while the latter was used more often historically and literally refers to a male MP exclusively.
2741:
2698:
2128:
1833:
1630:
1303:
1265:
970:
966:
889:
726:
616:
598:
501:
494:
3771:
3230:
2608:
1722:. Parliamentary elections are traditionally held every five years with no term limits imposed. The 25
1400:
1357:
1277:
993:
692:
659:
445:
257:
1970:(βουλευτής, "councillors") in Greek, which is rendered into English as "members of parliament". The
1013:
Constitution lists the qualifications and disqualifications from serving as a member of Parliament.
2965:
2890:
2866:
is used. This method usually but not always gives an accurate result in proportion to cast votes.
2843:). The former is in more common use today, especially in official contexts, due to its status as a
2760:
2348:
1338:
1326:
930:
742:
620:
519:
514:
140:
3032:
2382:
2200:
1947:
1779:
1511:
1201:
1197:
1153:
1070:
1055:
486:
482:
394:
172:
149:
2616:, that is, a person who is appointed through democratic election to act on the people's behalf.
1119:
A member of Parliament is a member of either of the two houses of the Pakistani Parliament: the
452:
The structure, functions, and procedures of the parliament are based on the Westminster system.
2667:
2363:
2325:
2301:
2233:
1527:
1225:
1114:
1041:
916:
910:
839:
679:
547:
2863:
2858:, be at least 18 years old and be or have been resident in Sweden) and must be nominated by a
3592:
2556:
2471:
2398:
2196:
1723:
1614:
1589:
in August 2021, a member of parliament (MP) was a member of the lower house of the bicameral
1377:
1045:
920:
871:
843:
775:
500:
The Parliament consists of 300 directly elected members from general seats elected by use of
374:
3508:
3068:, an association with the aim of advancing the professional development of parliamentarians.
2850:
The parliament is a unicameral assembly with 349 members who are chosen every four years in
2462:, which is the seat of parliament but not the official capital of the Netherlands, which is
1974:
is a unicameral legislature of 300 constituency members, each elected for a four-year term.
721:(upper house). Lok Sabha has 543 seats, all of whom are directly elected by the citizens of
3878:
3737:
2998:), which has 600 members elected at a general election for a term of office of five years.
2780:
2768:
2439:
2403:
2340:
2174:
1405:
1209:
688:
675:
626:
Each province (and territory) has its own legislature, with each member usually known as a
586:
422:
362:
250:
198:
120:
105:
3617:, pp.49–50, Table 2: Number of members of the House of Peers and House of Representatives
3146:
8:
3055:
2851:
2542:). Since 2009, Norway has had a unicameral parliament, which previously consisted of the
2493:
1963:
1322:
1025:
1009:
985:
965:
Members of Parliament are elected from population-based single-seat constituencies using
801:
759:
607:
531:
430:
333:
313:
135:
110:
42:
3733:
3060:
3012:
2953:
2745:
2355:
2208:
2189:
2182:
2100:
1881:
1684:, in 1879, 1881, 1886, 1893, 1911, 1946 and 1990. MPs in Bulgaria are called депутати (
1673:
1531:
1124:
750:
590:
527:
353:
302:
286:
210:
115:
3571:
1471:
allows voluntary resignation between elections; as MPs are forbidden from holding an "
1428:, with 25 members elected under the additional member system every four years, called
901:
and seat in county assemblies to oversee and make laws for their respective counties.
3707:
2579:
2572:
2374:
2212:
1939:
1841:
1681:
1640:
1213:
897:
813:
710:
557:
426:
402:
218:
3474:
3016:: народний депутат України, narodnyi deputat Ukrayiny) is a member of parliament or
809:
2991:
2652:
2268:
2249:
1718:. There are 125 members of parliament in total. They are also alternatively called
1507:
1472:
859:
797:
594:
3596:
485:, usually held once every five years unless Parliament is dissolved sooner by the
3614:
3603:
3424:
3169:"Odgers' Australian Senate Practice Chapter 6 Senators - Designation of senators"
3021:
2753:
2660:
2316:
2292:
2272:
2076:
1845:
1819:
1795:
1503:
1425:
647:
602:
601:. Only members of the House of Commons are referred to as members of Parliament (
523:
341:
130:
68:
3628:"On the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the status of its deputies"
1074:
828:
791:
3448:
3025:
1751:
1707:
1598:
1499:
1487:
1414:
1384:, LMF). (Between 1921 and 1973, Northern Ireland was governed by the bicameral
1369:
1346:
951:
478:
465:
2986:
In the Republic of Turkey, a member of parliament is an elected member of the
3872:
3627:
2925:
2882:
2154:
1855:
1468:
1059:
755:
685:
475:
63:
51:
2881:
under the Riksdag. Since 1 November 2007, the basic monthly pay of an MP is
560:
where one party takes all 30 seats in the House of Assembly, as occurred in
556:
In the absence of an opposition leader in parliament (i.e. in the case of a
429:) also use the post-nominals "MLA" or "MHA" and members of the upper house (
2772:
2264:
2220:
1594:
1028:
consists of 18 seats. Members of Parliament are entitled to use the prefix
935:
925:
691:. There are 17 seats in the Parliament, to which candidates are elected by
290:
178:
56:
695:. Each candidate represents the whole of Gibraltar as their constituency.
623:. Retirement is mandatory for senators upon reaching the age of 75 years.
2889:
is SEK126,000 a month (ca. US$ 15,000), which is the same as that of the
2855:
2721:
2544:
2367:
1837:
771:
766:
725:
from each parliamentary constituency of states and union territories via
718:
398:
298:
294:
230:
86:
76:
35:
2854:. To become an MP, a person must be entitled to vote (i.e. be a Swedish
2492:
In the Republic of North Macedonia there are 120 members of parliament (
2378:
2229:
3017:
2284:
2183:
general/by-/repeat elections of members of the House of Representatives
2088:
1807:
1082:
805:
481:
or House of the Nation. Members of the Jatiya Sangsad are elected at a
471:
389:
At the Commonwealth level, a "member of parliament" is a member of the
366:
222:
194:
96:
2647:
for the member of any of them, which can usually refer to members of:
2336:
1983:
709:
A member of Parliament is a member of either of the two houses of the
285:) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their
3853:
3849:"Yanukovych signs law on open voting to elect parliamentary chairman"
3680:"What You Need to Know About Senate Election in Kazakhstan This Week"
3504:
2550:
2463:
2459:
1877:
1803:
1785:
1572:
1189:
821:
714:
418:
359:
158:
1467:
their seats (though they may refuse to seek re-election). However a
2917:
2518:
2190:
regular/by-/repeat elections of members of the House of Councillors
1131:
are represented by 23 senators regardless of population, while the
663:
206:
2939:
3797:
3767:
3007:
2824:
2798:. In some provinces, such individuals are called councillors and
2084:
2066:
2043:
1635:
1491:
635:
2381:(local assemblies), while the remaining 10 are appointed by the
862:
continues to elect MPs to the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
2844:
2245:
1274:
List of MPs elected in the 2019 United Kingdom general election
946:
The term "members of Parliament" only refers to members of the
940:
643:
337:
163:
80:
3654:"What You Need to Know About Upcoming Election in Kazakhstan"
2119:). Deputies and senators may use the style "The Honourable" (
1758:), who is a member of the lower house of the Parliament, the
1577:
in Germany. However, better translations are often possible.
1475:
under the Crown", an MP wishing to resign will apply for the
730:
722:
630:(MLA). In certain provinces, legislators carry other titles:
3830:. De Folkvaldas Livsvillkor, Umea University. Archived from
3530:
3066:
Australia and New Zealand Association of Clerks-at-the-Table
2577:
From 1978 to 1984, the Philippine parliament was called the
1924:, i.e. of a certain electorate) is also common (abbreviated
662:. The provincial upper houses were eliminated between 1876 (
474:, a member of parliament is an individual who serves in the
3282:"Glossary of Parliamentary Terms for intermediate students"
2779:
are called members of Parliament, while the members of the
2007:
is, it commonly refers to the elected members of the lower
1530:, are styled "members of Parliament", while members of the
892:
has a total of 349 seats; 205 members are elected from the
317:
are equivalent terms used in other jurisdictions. The term
2709:(upper house). Members of both houses are given the title
2373:. The Senate consists of 50 deputies, out of which 40 are
2153:
In Japan, both houses of today's national parliament, the
1828:
refers in English to the elected (one for each of the 577
2583:(National Assembly), and its elected members were called
2240:, 貴族院議員) and 300 members of the House of Representatives
1901:
820:
colleges. Eleven senators are nominated directly by the
762:. To form the government, parties may form a coalition.
1310:, referred to as members of Parliament, abbreviated to
838:
was the term used to refer to a member of the pre-1801
3433:(3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer. p. 91.
3089:. Parliament of Australia - House of Representatives.
1950:, whose members are representatives of the respective
1286:
Records of members of parliament of the United Kingdom
611:); members of the Senate are called Senators (French:
3473:. Office of Public Sector Information. Archived from
1294:
The United Kingdom elects members of its parliament:
293:
parliaments, this term refers only to members of the
2330:
2306:
2003:
Although there are no official definition to what a
1954:
governments and not directly elected by the people.
3708:"What Parliament Does – Parliament of South Africa"
3087:"House of Representative Practice: Members' titles"
2626:
List of members of the Congress of Deputies (Spain)
2516:A member of parliament is an elected member of the
988:. A prince who is a member of Parliament is styled
619:on behalf of the sovereign at the direction of the
3825:"Sociologiska institutionen – Välkommen till oss!"
2426:The Parliament of the Netherlands is known as the
1534:, the upper house, are referred to as "senators".
1506:while they occupy their ecclesiastical positions.
808:, and consists of the president; the upper house,
2587:(National Assemblyman), often shortened to "MP".
2311:) is the main and widely used word to describe a
1946:) are represented by the Bundesrat at the former
1900:(member of the German Federal Diet), abbreviated
1738:is a member of either of the two chambers of the
1672:In Bulgaria there are 240 members of Parliament (
1613:is a member of either of the two chambers of the
684:In Gibraltar, members of parliament serve in the
436:MLCs are informally refer to as upper house MPs.
3870:
3417:
3135:
2827:. In Swedish, an MP is usually referred to as a
2335:) as a whole, encompassing both the lower house
2048:
2032:
2022:
2012:
1290:List of United Kingdom Parliament constituencies
992:. The prime minister, deputy prime minister and
749:. The remaining 12 members are nominated by the
301:members often have a different title. The terms
3702:
3700:
2677:Members of the Congress of Deputies are called
1514:and are the only elected members of the Lords.
3822:
3202:International Foundation for Electoral Systems
1806:. The title is almost always shortened to the
1748:deputy of the Parliament of the Czech Republic
1450:Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022
3195:"Women's Reserved Seat Systems in Bangladesh"
2640:
1933:Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
1876:refers to the elected members of the federal
1565:in Spain and Spanish-speaking Latin America,
1054:The New Zealand Parliament is made up of the
804:, the legislature of Ireland is known as the
258:
3697:
3501:"Mitglieder des Deutschen Bundestages (MdB)"
2354:The 98 deputies of the Mäjilis obtain their
1894:
1886:
1854:(deputies) and sit for five years, unless a
1849:
27:Representative of the voters to a parliament
3677:
3651:
3430:New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949
3423:
2869:The salaries of the MPs are decided by the
2740:. A total of 253 MPs are elected using the
2651:both chambers of the national legislature (
2527:
1928:, never follows the name but precedes it).
1909:
1892:(member of the Federal Diet) or officially
1145:Lists of members of parliament in Singapore
1107:Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan
852:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
3606:, an NDL monthly) 2005.5, Ōyama Hidehisa,
2666:the regional devolved legislatures of the
2027:(member of the DPR). Members of the upper
1744:member of Parliament of the Czech Republic
421:legislatures, members of the lower house (
265:
251:
3560:development of an elected mandate :
2193:(Sangiin giin tsūjō-/hoketsu-/sai-senkyo)
2111:), while members of the upper house, the
1270:List of Parliaments of the United Kingdom
996:who are members of Parliament are styled
408:
2606:The Portuguese parliament is called the
2360:mixed-member majoritarian representation
2087:. The title is usually shortened to the
1884:in Berlin. In German a member is called
1858:is called before the end of their term.
1601:(House of Elders) were called Senators.
1282:Salaries of Members of the UK Parliament
1111:Member of Parliament, Senate of Pakistan
1073:MPs, of which seven are elected only by
1000:("Most Honourable"), abbreviated Y.A.B.
3678:Bulatkulova, Saniya (12 January 2023).
3652:Bulatkulova, Saniya (25 January 2023).
3561:
2950:members of the House of Representatives
2885:52,900 (ca. US$ 6,500). The pay of the
2612:. A member of parliament is known as a
1714:) refers to the elected members of the
827:A Member of Dáil Éireann is known as a
14:
3871:
3405:from the original on 22 September 2020
3284:. Parliament of Canada. Archived from
3111:
2186:(Shūgiin giin sō-/hoketsu-/sai-senkyo)
1481:Stewardship of the Manor of Northstead
1232:
3568:Diritto&Giustizia Edizione Online
3114:"The Coalition's deregulation agenda"
2283:According to the jurisdiction of the
1931:In accordance with article 38 of the
1904:and attached . Unofficially the term
1325:, with 129 members elected under the
1256:Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)
1158:Non-constituency Member of Parliament
347:
332:Members of parliament typically form
3298:
3171:. Parliament of Australia - Senate.
2800:members of the provincial parliament
2434:. It is bicameral, divided into two
2181:, 参議院議員). The former are elected in
2149:List of members of the Diet of Japan
1477:Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds
1390:House of Commons of Northern Ireland
1160:from the opposition, as well as the
3744:from the original on 10 August 2007
3541:from the original on 19 August 2019
3493:
3471:"Electoral Administration Act 2006"
3145:. Tonyabbott.com.au. Archived from
2792:members of the Legislative Assembly
2685:. Members of the Senate are called
2446:(First Chamber) and its members as
2209:constitution of the Empire of Japan
2137:Emeritus presidents of the republic
2083:) is one of the 120 members of the
2080:
2035:
2015:
1802:) is one of the 179 members of the
1756:Poslanec Parlamentu České republiky
1633:, elected by the provincial diets (
1351:Memmer o the Scots Pairliament, MSP
954:, a member of Parliament is called
24:
3857:. 19 November 2012. Archived from
3375:from the original on 6 August 2019
3175:from the original on 27 March 2023
3093:from the original on 27 March 2023
2996:Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi, TBMM
2481:
2099:Members of the lower house of the
1896:Mitglied des Deutschen Bundestages
1463:Technically, MPs have no right to
1388:. Members of its lower house, the
1374:Comhalta den Tionól Reachtach, CTR
1362:Member of the Legislative Assembly
1329:every five years, and each called
1302:, with 650 members elected by the
1262:List of current United Kingdom MPs
1208:(1947–72), the lower house of the
1206:House of Representatives of Ceylon
1184:National List Member of Parliament
628:Member of the Legislative Assembly
25:
3895:
3770:. 1 November 2007. Archived from
3299:Then, Stephen (11 October 2012).
3211:from the original on 16 June 2021
2988:Grand National Assembly of Turkey
2982:Grand National Assembly of Turkey
2703:National Assembly of South Africa
2255:and the cabinet's prime minister
2125:president of the Italian Republic
1729:
1458:Electoral Administration Act 2006
1403:, with 60 elected members called
1331:Member of the Scottish Parliament
1247:
1239:Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago
1152:refers to elected members of the
980:("Honourable") with the initials
976:Members of Parliament are styled
462:Member of Parliament (Bangladesh)
415:Australian states and territories
395:Commonwealth (federal) parliament
3714:from the original on 29 May 2020
3343:from the original on 21 May 2009
3301:"Here comes a real wakil rakyat"
3231:"The Constitution of Parliament"
3123:from the original on 27 May 2022
3112:Abbott, Tony (2 November 2012).
2362:, with 29 deputies elected from
2173:, 衆議院議員) and 245 members of the
1740:Parliament of the Czech Republic
1591:National Assembly of Afghanistan
1537:
1360:, with 90 members each known as
1317:and four devolved legislatures:
1300:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1174:Member of Parliament (Sri Lanka)
1097:, whose members were appointed.
973:must be a member of Parliament.
896:, 47 women are elected from the
800:in 1922 and subsequently in the
379:Parliament of the United Kingdom
3841:
3816:
3786:
3756:
3726:
3671:
3645:
3620:
3586:
3553:
3523:
3481:
3463:
3437:
3387:
3355:
3323:
2777:House of Commons of South Korea
2692:
2537:representatives of the Storting
2029:Regional Representative Council
2009:People's Representative Council
1995:People's Representative Council
1720:member of the National Assembly
1162:Nominated Members of Parliament
1050:List of New Zealand politicians
846:. Irish members elected to the
741:, and are elected by using the
656:Member of the House of Assembly
640:Member of the National Assembly
632:Member of Provincial Parliament
3800:. 13 July 2007. Archived from
3292:
3274:
3248:
3223:
3187:
3161:
3105:
3079:
2944:) refer to the members of the
2907:Federal Assembly (Switzerland)
2900:
2727:
2597:Sejm of the Republic of Poland
2566:
2421:
1999:People's Consultative Assembly
1868:Member of the German Bundestag
1657:National Assembly (Azerbaijan)
1587:Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
1580:
1444:and by-elections to represent
1430:Members of the London Assembly
1386:Parliament of Northern Ireland
1035:
818:National University of Ireland
812:(or Senate); and lower house,
371:politics of the United Kingdom
13:
1:
3072:
2964:under a slightly amended new
2946:National Assembly of Thailand
2812:Member of Parliament (Sweden)
2707:National Council of Provinces
2278:
2234:members of the House of Peers
1820:Member of Parliament (France)
1650:
1585:Prior to the takeover of the
1343:Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba, BPA
1121:National Assembly of Pakistan
581:Member of Parliament (Canada)
455:
3258:. Parl.gc.ca. Archived from
3143:"Biography: Tony Abbott MHR"
2864:modified Sainte-Laguë method
2752:, and 17 MPs are elected by
2746:parliamentary constituencies
2701:consists of two houses: the
2165:, 国会議員): 465 members of the
1988:
1698:National Assembly (Cambodia)
1678:Народно събрание / Парламент
1668:National Assembly (Bulgaria)
1569:in Portugal and Brazil, and
1180:15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
1167:
1138:
705:Member of Parliament (India)
669:
417:, "MP" is commonly used. In
384:
358:The Westminster system is a
7:
3764:"Pay and economic benefits"
3562:Buonomo, Giampiero (2007).
3119:. Parliament of Australia.
3049:
2940:
2911:
2765:Constitution of South Korea
2718:proportional representation
2601:
2488:Assembly of North Macedonia
2371:proportional representation
2331:
2307:
2115:, are known as "senators" (
2107:, are known as "deputies" (
1762:. For the upper house, the
1746:is commonly referred to as
1691:
1661:
1627:Abgeordnete zum Nationalrat
1517:
1212:. Members are elected in a
1133:Islamabad Capital Territory
1100:
1079:proportional representation
962:(people's representative).
923:(King) and two houses, the
904:
796:Since the formation of the
747:proportional representation
541:
405:, is known as a "Senator".
373:. This term comes from the
340:, with members of the same
10:
3900:
3401:. New Zealand Parliament.
3001:
2979:
2904:
2809:
2775:, only the members of the
2742:first-past-the-post system
2736:refers to a member of the
2699:Parliament of South Africa
2623:
2594:
2570:
2485:
2392:
2146:
2064:
2021:), known in Indonesian as
1992:
1981:
1977:
1865:
1861:
1817:
1783:
1777:
1773:
1695:
1665:
1654:
1619:Österreichisches Parlament
1604:
1266:List of United Kingdom MPs
1259:
1253:
1236:
1196:refers to a member of the
1177:
1171:
1142:
1104:
1039:
967:first-past-the-post voting
908:
890:National Assembly of Kenya
869:
865:
789:
785:
727:first-past-the-post voting
702:
673:
578:
545:
495:Constitution of Bangladesh
459:
439:
351:
2975:
2929:
2805:
2754:mixed member majoritarian
2750:proportional compensation
2738:Parliament of South Korea
2590:
2511:
2497:
2442:is known in Dutch as the
2438:(English: chambers). The
2404:president of the republic
2320:
2296:
2060:
2034:Dewan Perwakilan Daerah,
2014:Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat,
1957:
1813:
1792:member of the Folketinget
1711:
1677:
1645:Mitglieder des Bundesrats
1401:Senedd (Welsh Parliament)
1358:Northern Ireland Assembly
1278:Number of Westminster MPs
660:Newfoundland and Labrador
574:
508:. After an election, the
446:Parliament of the Bahamas
393:, the lower house of the
289:. In many countries with
2841:gentleman of the Riksdag
2790:legislatures are called
2761:Second Republic of Korea
2748:, 30 MPs are elected by
2673:the European Parliament.
2619:
2454:, known in Dutch as the
2452:House of Representatives
2167:House of Representatives
2142:
2094:
1888:Mitglied des Bundestages
1327:additional member system
1063:House of Representatives
1019:
1003:
931:House of Representatives
883:
743:single transferable vote
698:
515:single transferable vote
391:House of Representatives
141:International parliament
3823:Hansson, Jenny (2008).
3395:"Members of Parliament"
3368:. Docs.justice.gov.mt.
3336:. Docs.justice.gov.mt.
3033:Constitution of Ukraine
2875:Riksdagens arvodesnämnd
2609:Assembleia da República
2524:stortingsrepresentanter
2364:single-member districts
1948:Prussian House of Lords
1780:Member of the Folketing
1512:House of Lords Act 1999
1382:Laa-Makkan Forgaitherar
1350:
1202:National State Assembly
1198:Parliament of Sri Lanka
1154:Parliament of Singapore
241:Legislatures by country
150:Parliamentary procedure
3602:28 August 2017 at the
3235:BARBADOSPARLIAMENT.COM
2995:
2819:refers to the elected
2705:(lower house) and the
2668:Autonomous Communities
2641:
2472:special municipalities
2410:(نائب). The plural of
2285:Republic of Kazakhstan
2230:contemporaneous script
2113:Senate of the Republic
2049:
2033:
2023:
2013:
1895:
1887:
1850:
1799:
1639:) of the nine federal
1621:). The members of the
1418:
1373:
1342:
1306:system to the (lower)
1216:or appointed from the
1115:Parliament of Pakistan
1042:New Zealand Parliament
917:Parliament of Malaysia
911:Parliament of Malaysia
840:Irish House of Commons
780:parliamentary statutes
680:Elections in Gibraltar
651:
612:
606:
548:Parliament of Barbados
409:States and territories
326:Senate parliamentarian
3734:"Members and parties"
3593:National Diet Library
3488:House of Lords Reform
3037:chairperson (speaker)
3006:A people's deputy of
2922:members of parliament
2871:Riksdag Pay Committee
2833:member of the Riksdag
2817:Members of parliament
2783:are called senators.
2781:Senate of South Korea
2595:Further information:
2571:Further information:
2399:Parliament of Lebanon
2366:and 69 deputies from
2257:(naikaku sōri-daijin)
2073:member of the Knesset
2047:, although the term
2041:) are referred to as
1982:Further information:
1800:medlem af Folketinget
1784:Further information:
1724:provinces of Cambodia
1655:Further information:
1629:. The members of the
1615:Parliament of Austria
1526:, the lower house of
1046:New Zealand elections
921:Yang di-Pertuan Agong
872:Parliament of Jamaica
856:members of Parliament
844:Parliament of Ireland
666:) and 1968 (Quebec).
489:on the advice of the
375:Palace of Westminster
18:Members of Parliament
3884:Parliamentary titles
3738:Parliament of Sweden
3613:22 July 2019 at the
3503:(in German). German
3477:on 10 November 2007.
2958:military coup d'état
2941:Samachik Ratthasapha
2769:parliamentary system
2734:member of Parliament
2711:Member of Parliament
2657:Congress of Deputies
2339:and the upper house
2313:member of parliament
2175:House of Councillors
2005:member of parliament
1874:member of parliament
1844:. They are known in
1826:member of parliament
1742:, although the term
1736:member of Parliament
1704:member of parliament
1611:member of Parliament
1543:Member of Parliament
1419:Aelod o'r Senedd, AS
1406:Member of the Senedd
1394:Member of Parliament
1210:Parliament of Ceylon
1194:Member of Parliament
1150:Member of Parliament
1067:member of Parliament
990:Yang Berhormat Mulia
836:member of Parliament
689:Gibraltar Parliament
676:Gibraltar Parliament
587:Parliament of Canada
423:legislative assembly
363:parliamentary system
334:parliamentary groups
279:member of parliament
199:Member of Parliament
126:Member of parliament
121:Parliamentary leader
106:Parliamentary system
3531:"Senator Indonesia"
3511:on 9 September 2010
3305:The Star (Malaysia)
3056:Deputy (legislator)
2918:Kingdom of Thailand
2585:Mambabatas Pambansa
2105:Chamber of Deputies
1964:Hellenic Parliament
1760:Chamber of Deputies
1496:Lords of Parliament
1494:, more formally as
1440:MPs are elected in
1323:Scottish Parliament
1304:first-past-the-post
1233:Trinidad and Tobago
1095:Legislative Council
1026:Parliament of Nauru
1010:Parliament of Malta
998:Yang Amat Berhormat
958:, or less formally
858:from 1801 to 1922.
802:Republic of Ireland
536:Leader of the House
530:usually requires a
510:Election Commission
502:first past the post
431:legislative council
369:modelled after the
336:, sometimes called
111:Parliamentary group
3740:. 3 October 2006.
3451:on 29 October 2013
3262:on 3 February 2012
3061:Member of Congress
2522:. They are called
2387:Assembly of People
2375:indirectly elected
2332:parlament deputaty
2321:парламент депутаты
2226:Teikoku-gikai giin
2101:Italian Parliament
1882:Reichstag building
1593:: a member of the
1204:(1972–78) and the
1200:(since 1978), the
1125:Senate of Pakistan
717:(lower house) and
506:proportional basis
377:, the seat of the
354:Westminster system
348:Westminster system
287:electoral district
211:Member of Congress
3774:on 22 August 2007
3537:(in Indonesian).
3399:www.parliament.nz
3288:on 20 April 2008.
2970:2007 constitution
2962:general elections
2938:
2879:government agency
2852:general elections
2580:Batasang Pambansa
2573:Batasang Pambansa
2476:States Provincial
2329:
2305:
2197:1947 constitution
2129:senators for life
1940:states of Germany
1842:French Parliament
1834:National Assembly
1832:) members of the
1716:National Assembly
1682:Bulgarian history
1641:States of Austria
1524:National Assembly
1442:general elections
1214:general elections
854:were also called
739:Jammu and Kashmir
711:Indian Parliament
558:landslide victory
427:house of assembly
275:
274:
219:Municipal council
16:(Redirected from
3891:
3863:
3862:
3861:on 29 June 2014.
3845:
3839:
3838:
3837:on 3 March 2009.
3836:
3829:
3820:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3790:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3719:
3704:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3684:The Astana Times
3675:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3664:
3658:The Astana Times
3649:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3624:
3618:
3608:帝国議会の運営と会議録をめぐって
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3574:on 24 March 2016
3570:. Archived from
3557:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3527:
3521:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3507:. Archived from
3497:
3491:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3447:. Archived from
3441:
3435:
3434:
3425:Scholefield, Guy
3421:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3374:
3367:
3363:"Court Services"
3359:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3342:
3335:
3331:"Court Services"
3327:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3311:on 13 April 2013
3307:. Archived from
3296:
3290:
3289:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3210:
3199:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3118:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3083:
2956:. Following the
2943:
2933:
2931:
2767:is amended as a
2653:Cortes Generales
2644:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2499:
2450:, senators. The
2334:
2324:
2322:
2310:
2300:
2298:
2269:Osachi Hamaguchi
2228:, 帝国議会議員, or in
2188:, the latter in
2082:
2052:
2040:
2037:
2026:
2020:
2017:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1898:
1890:
1853:
1713:
1679:
1508:Hereditary peers
1473:office of profit
1392:, were known as
1308:House of Commons
1156:, the appointed
919:consists of the
860:Northern Ireland
848:House of Commons
798:Irish Free State
617:governor general
599:House of Commons
589:consists of the
483:general election
267:
260:
253:
233:(States-General)
32:
31:
21:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3834:
3827:
3821:
3817:
3807:
3805:
3804:on 13 June 2007
3792:
3791:
3787:
3777:
3775:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3747:
3745:
3732:
3731:
3727:
3717:
3715:
3706:
3705:
3698:
3688:
3686:
3676:
3672:
3662:
3660:
3650:
3646:
3636:
3634:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3615:Wayback Machine
3604:Wayback Machine
3591:
3587:
3577:
3575:
3558:
3554:
3544:
3542:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3514:
3512:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3486:
3482:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3454:
3452:
3445:"UK Parliament"
3443:
3442:
3438:
3422:
3418:
3408:
3406:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3365:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3314:
3312:
3297:
3293:
3280:
3279:
3275:
3265:
3263:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3239:
3237:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3176:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3152:
3150:
3149:on 20 July 2008
3141:
3140:
3136:
3126:
3124:
3117:(Media Release)
3116:
3110:
3106:
3096:
3094:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3075:
3052:
3004:
2984:
2978:
2948:, that is, the
2914:
2909:
2903:
2860:political party
2829:riksdagsledamot
2814:
2808:
2786:The members of
2730:
2695:
2628:
2622:
2604:
2599:
2593:
2575:
2569:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2514:
2490:
2484:
2482:North Macedonia
2428:Staten-Generaal
2424:
2395:
2281:
2273:Tsuyoshi Inukai
2151:
2145:
2133:senatori a vita
2127:nominates five
2097:
2069:
2063:
2001:
1993:Main articles:
1991:
1986:
1980:
1962:Members of the
1960:
1938:The 16 federal
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1870:
1864:
1822:
1816:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1732:
1700:
1694:
1670:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1643:, are known as
1607:
1583:
1540:
1522:Members of the
1520:
1504:Lords Spiritual
1426:London Assembly
1339:Scottish Gaelic
1292:
1258:
1250:
1241:
1235:
1186:
1176:
1170:
1147:
1141:
1117:
1103:
1081:from published
1052:
1040:Main articles:
1038:
1022:
1006:
913:
907:
886:
874:
868:
794:
788:
707:
701:
682:
674:Main articles:
672:
583:
577:
550:
544:
532:simple majority
524:political party
468:
460:Main articles:
458:
442:
411:
387:
356:
350:
342:political party
320:parliamentarian
271:
91:
69:Multicameralism
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3897:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3865:
3864:
3840:
3815:
3794:"Members' pay"
3785:
3755:
3725:
3696:
3670:
3644:
3619:
3585:
3552:
3522:
3492:
3480:
3462:
3436:
3416:
3386:
3354:
3322:
3291:
3273:
3247:
3222:
3186:
3160:
3134:
3104:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3063:
3058:
3051:
3048:
3041:deputy mandate
3026:Verkhovna Rada
3003:
3000:
2977:
2974:
2913:
2910:
2902:
2899:
2891:prime minister
2810:Main article:
2807:
2804:
2729:
2726:
2694:
2691:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2664:
2621:
2618:
2603:
2600:
2592:
2589:
2568:
2565:
2513:
2510:
2486:Main article:
2483:
2480:
2432:States General
2423:
2420:
2394:
2391:
2280:
2277:
2246:nobility ranks
2242:(Shūgiin giin)
2201:prime minister
2147:Main article:
2144:
2141:
2096:
2093:
2062:
2059:
1990:
1987:
1979:
1976:
1959:
1956:
1866:Main article:
1863:
1860:
1830:constituencies
1818:Main article:
1815:
1812:
1790:In Denmark, a
1778:Main article:
1775:
1772:
1731:
1730:Czech Republic
1728:
1693:
1690:
1663:
1660:
1652:
1649:
1606:
1603:
1599:Meshrano Jirga
1582:
1579:
1539:
1536:
1519:
1516:
1502:sit for life,
1500:Lords Temporal
1488:House of Lords
1446:constituencies
1438:
1437:
1422:
1397:
1354:
1315:
1314:
1254:Main article:
1249:
1248:United Kingdom
1246:
1237:Main article:
1234:
1231:
1218:national lists
1172:Main article:
1169:
1166:
1143:Main article:
1140:
1137:
1102:
1099:
1037:
1034:
1030:The Honourable
1021:
1018:
1005:
1002:
978:Yang Berhormat
971:prime minister
909:Main article:
906:
903:
894:constituencies
885:
882:
870:Main article:
867:
864:
810:Seanad Éireann
790:Main article:
787:
784:
700:
697:
671:
668:
621:prime minister
579:Main article:
576:
573:
546:Main article:
543:
540:
491:prime minister
479:Jatiya Sangsad
466:Jatiya Sangsad
457:
454:
441:
438:
410:
407:
386:
383:
352:Main article:
349:
346:
273:
272:
270:
269:
262:
255:
247:
244:
243:
237:
236:
235:
234:
227:
226:
215:
214:
203:
202:
189:
188:
184:
183:
182:
181:
176:
166:
161:
153:
152:
146:
145:
144:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
100:
99:
93:
92:
90:
89:
84:
73:
72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3896:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3850:
3844:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3789:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3759:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3729:
3713:
3709:
3703:
3701:
3685:
3681:
3674:
3659:
3655:
3648:
3633:
3632:adilet.zan.kz
3629:
3623:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3598:
3595:, Reference (
3594:
3589:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3556:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3496:
3490:UK Parliament
3489:
3484:
3476:
3472:
3466:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3420:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3390:
3371:
3364:
3358:
3339:
3332:
3326:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3295:
3287:
3283:
3277:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3236:
3232:
3226:
3207:
3203:
3196:
3190:
3174:
3170:
3164:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3092:
3088:
3082:
3078:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3020:elected by a
3019:
3015:
3014:
3009:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2908:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2813:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2683:eurodiputados
2680:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:parlamentario
2636:
2634:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2598:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2574:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2546:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2495:
2489:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2327:
2318:
2314:
2309:
2303:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2238:Kizokuin giin
2235:
2232:帝國議會議員): 251
2231:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2217:Teikoku-gikai
2214:
2213:Imperial Diet
2210:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2155:National Diet
2150:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2030:
2025:
2019:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1996:
1985:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1966:are known as
1965:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1859:
1857:
1856:snap election
1852:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1709:
1705:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1675:
1669:
1658:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1571:Mitglied des
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:parlamentario
1557:in Bulgaria,
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1538:Other systems
1535:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1469:legal fiction
1466:
1461:
1459:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1252:
1245:
1240:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1220:allocated to
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
974:
972:
968:
963:
961:
957:
956:Ahli Parlimen
953:
949:
944:
942:
938:
937:
932:
928:
927:
922:
918:
912:
902:
899:
895:
891:
881:
878:
873:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
832:
830:
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
793:
783:
781:
777:
773:
768:
763:
761:
757:
756:Uttar Pradesh
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
706:
696:
694:
690:
687:
681:
677:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
582:
572:
569:
567:
563:
559:
554:
549:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
516:
511:
507:
503:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
477:
473:
467:
463:
453:
450:
447:
437:
434:
433:) use "MLC".
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
361:
355:
345:
343:
339:
335:
330:
327:
322:
321:
316:
315:
310:
309:
308:congresswoman
305:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
268:
263:
261:
256:
254:
249:
248:
246:
245:
242:
239:
238:
232:
229:
228:
224:
220:
217:
216:
212:
208:
205:
204:
200:
196:
193:
192:
191:
190:
186:
185:
180:
177:
174:
173:no-confidence
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
156:
155:
154:
151:
148:
147:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
103:
102:
101:
98:
95:
94:
88:
85:
82:
78:
75:
74:
70:
67:
65:
64:Tricameralism
62:
61:
58:
55:
53:
52:Unicameralism
50:
49:
48:
47:
44:
41:
40:
37:
34:
33:
30:
19:
3859:the original
3852:
3843:
3832:the original
3818:
3806:. Retrieved
3802:the original
3788:
3776:. Retrieved
3772:the original
3758:
3746:. Retrieved
3728:
3716:. Retrieved
3687:. Retrieved
3683:
3673:
3661:. Retrieved
3657:
3647:
3635:. Retrieved
3631:
3622:
3588:
3576:. Retrieved
3572:the original
3567:
3555:
3545:27 September
3543:. Retrieved
3534:
3525:
3513:. Retrieved
3509:the original
3495:
3483:
3475:the original
3465:
3453:. Retrieved
3449:the original
3439:
3429:
3419:
3407:. Retrieved
3398:
3389:
3377:. Retrieved
3357:
3345:. Retrieved
3325:
3313:. Retrieved
3309:the original
3304:
3294:
3286:the original
3276:
3264:. Retrieved
3260:the original
3250:
3238:. Retrieved
3234:
3225:
3213:. Retrieved
3189:
3177:. Retrieved
3163:
3151:. Retrieved
3147:the original
3137:
3125:. Retrieved
3107:
3095:. Retrieved
3081:
3045:
3040:
3030:
3022:popular vote
3011:
3005:
2985:
2968:. Under the
2966:constitution
2930:สมาชิกรัฐสภา
2921:
2915:
2895:
2874:
2868:
2849:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2816:
2815:
2799:
2795:
2785:
2773:bicameralism
2758:
2733:
2731:
2722:closed lists
2720:system with
2715:
2710:
2696:
2693:South Africa
2689:(senators).
2686:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2639:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2613:
2607:
2605:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2562:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2523:
2517:
2515:
2505:
2501:
2491:
2468:
2456:Tweede Kamer
2455:
2447:
2444:Eerste Kamer
2443:
2435:
2427:
2425:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2396:
2353:
2344:
2312:
2288:
2282:
2265:Takashi Hara
2261:
2256:
2252:
2241:
2237:
2225:
2216:
2206:
2195:. Under the
2192:
2185:
2179:Sangiin giin
2178:
2171:Shūgiin giin
2170:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2132:
2120:
2116:
2108:
2098:
2072:
2070:
2055:
2042:
2004:
2002:
1971:
1967:
1961:
1951:
1943:
1937:
1930:
1925:
1906:Abgeordneter
1905:
1893:
1885:
1873:
1871:
1825:
1823:
1791:
1789:
1767:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1735:
1733:
1719:
1703:
1701:
1685:
1671:
1644:
1634:
1626:
1618:
1610:
1608:
1595:Wolesi Jirga
1584:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1521:
1495:
1485:
1462:
1454:
1439:
1433:
1429:
1411:English - MS
1410:
1404:
1393:
1381:
1378:Ulster-Scots
1365:
1334:
1316:
1311:
1293:
1251:
1242:
1193:
1187:
1149:
1148:
1118:
1087:
1066:
1053:
1029:
1023:
1015:
1007:
997:
989:
986:prenominally
981:
977:
975:
964:
960:wakil rakyat
959:
955:
948:Dewan Rakyat
947:
945:
936:Dewan Negara
934:
926:Dewan Rakyat
924:
914:
887:
879:
875:
855:
835:
833:
829:Teachta Dála
826:
814:Dáil Éireann
795:
792:Teachta Dála
776:Constitution
764:
708:
693:block voting
683:
625:
584:
570:
555:
551:
499:
493:. Under the
469:
451:
443:
435:
412:
388:
357:
331:
318:
312:
307:
303:
282:
278:
276:
179:Mass meeting
125:
57:Bicameralism
29:
3879:Legislators
3535:twitter.com
3240:20 February
2901:Switzerland
2837:riksdagsman
2728:South Korea
2567:Philippines
2545:Odelstinget
2422:Netherlands
2368:closed-list
2287:, the term
2163:Kokkai giin
2050:Anggota DPD
2024:Anggota DPR
1838:lower house
1824:In France,
1804:Folketinget
1766:, the term
1625:are called
1623:Nationalrat
1581:Afghanistan
1573:Bundestages
1549:in France,
1498:, not MPs.
1226:independent
1083:party lists
1036:New Zealand
767:Rajya Sabha
719:Rajya Sabha
399:Tony Abbott
304:congressman
299:upper house
295:lower house
231:The Estates
87:Lower house
77:Upper house
36:Legislature
3873:Categories
3515:18 October
3256:"ESL Home"
3073:References
3018:legislator
2980:See also:
2905:See also:
2788:provincial
2763:or if the
2633:parlamento
2624:See also:
2519:Stortinget
2504:(singular
2494:Macedonian
2349:Parliament
2279:Kazakhstan
2207:Under the
2089:initialism
2065:See also:
1808:initialism
1696:See also:
1666:See also:
1651:Azerbaijan
1553:in Italy,
1528:Parliament
1260:See also:
1178:See also:
1105:See also:
1071:electorate
1060:unicameral
806:Oireachtas
760:Government
745:method of
735:Puducherry
703:See also:
686:unicameral
520:Government
476:unicameral
472:Bangladesh
456:Bangladesh
367:government
360:democratic
223:Councillor
195:Parliament
97:Parliament
3854:Kyiv Post
3808:6 January
3778:6 January
3748:6 January
3505:Bundestag
3427:(1950) .
3013:Ukrainian
2687:senadores
2679:diputados
2630:The word
2551:Lagtinget
2502:Pratenici
2500:) called
2464:Amsterdam
2460:The Hague
2448:senatoren
2383:President
2379:mäslihats
2326:romanized
2302:romanized
2253:(naikaku)
2121:Onorevole
2081:חבר הכנסת
1989:Indonesia
1968:vouleftés
1878:Bundestag
1786:Folketing
1770:is used.
1712:សមាជិកសភា
1686:deputies)
1674:Bulgarian
1631:Bundesrat
1190:Sri Lanka
1168:Sri Lanka
1139:Singapore
1129:provinces
984:appended
822:Taoiseach
751:president
715:Lok Sabha
670:Gibraltar
658:(MHA) in
642:(MNA) in
634:(MPP) in
487:president
419:bicameral
385:Australia
291:bicameral
159:Committee
3742:Archived
3712:Archived
3611:Archived
3600:Archived
3539:Archived
3403:Archived
3379:30 March
3370:Archived
3347:30 March
3338:Archived
3266:30 March
3206:Archived
3179:27 March
3173:Archived
3127:27 March
3121:Archived
3097:27 March
3091:Archived
3050:See also
2954:senators
2952:and the
2912:Thailand
2659:and the
2614:deputado
2602:Portugal
2557:riksrett
2506:Pratenik
2498:Sobranie
2418:(نواب).
2385:and the
2358:through
2343:. While
2117:senatori
2109:deputati
1952:Länder's
1919:delegate
1692:Cambodia
1662:Bulgaria
1636:Landtage
1567:deputado
1563:diputado
1551:deputato
1518:Zimbabwe
1101:Pakistan
1058:and the
905:Malaysia
898:counties
664:Manitoba
613:sénateur
597:and the
542:Barbados
528:alliance
338:caucuses
207:Congress
43:Chambers
3798:Riksdag
3768:Riksdag
3689:30 July
3663:30 July
3637:30 July
3578:9 April
3455:15 July
3409:10 July
3315:2 March
3215:21 July
3024:to the
3008:Ukraine
3002:Ukraine
2992:Turkish
2937::
2916:In the
2887:speaker
2856:citizen
2835:) or a
2825:Riksdag
2823:of the
2821:members
2759:In the
2655:), the
2531:
2393:Lebanon
2356:mandate
2345:senator
2337:Mäjilis
2328::
2308:deputat
2304::
2297:депутат
2250:cabinet
2085:Knesset
2067:Knesset
2044:senator
1984:Alþingi
1978:Iceland
1913:
1880:at the
1862:Germany
1851:députés
1840:of the
1774:Denmark
1768:senator
1605:Austria
1555:deputat
1479:or the
1222:parties
1056:monarch
866:Jamaica
850:of the
842:of the
786:Ireland
636:Ontario
591:monarch
440:Bahamas
413:In the
116:Speaker
3796:. The
3766:. The
3718:24 May
3597:レファレンス
3153:5 June
2976:Turkey
2845:unisex
2806:Sweden
2661:Senate
2591:Poland
2512:Norway
2440:Senate
2436:kamers
2430:, the
2341:Senate
2317:Kazakh
2293:Kazakh
2289:deputy
2271:, and
2211:, the
2199:, the
2159:Kokkai
2103:, the
2091:"MK".
2077:Hebrew
2061:Israel
1958:Greece
1944:Länder
1846:French
1836:, the
1814:France
1810:"MF".
1796:Danish
1764:Senate
1547:deputé
1532:Senate
1465:resign
1288:, and
1113:; and
1048:, and
969:. The
941:Senate
933:) and
772:bypoll
737:, and
654:) and
652:député
648:French
644:Quebec
608:député
603:French
595:Senate
593:, the
575:Canada
403:Senate
314:deputy
297:since
169:Motion
164:Quorum
81:Senate
3835:(PDF)
3828:(PDF)
3373:(PDF)
3366:(PDF)
3341:(PDF)
3334:(PDF)
3209:(PDF)
3198:(PDF)
2877:), a
2771:with
2744:from
2620:Spain
2416:Nuwab
2143:Japan
2095:Italy
2036:abbr.
2016:abbr.
1972:Vouli
1752:Czech
1708:Khmer
1575:(MdB)
1492:peers
1415:Welsh
1370:Irish
1347:Scots
1224:(and
1075:Māori
1020:Nauru
1004:Malta
952:Malay
950:. In
939:(the
929:(the
884:Kenya
731:Delhi
723:India
699:India
566:2022)
187:Types
136:Clerk
3810:2008
3780:2008
3750:2008
3720:2020
3691:2023
3665:2023
3639:2023
3580:2016
3547:2018
3517:2010
3457:2009
3411:2020
3381:2012
3349:2012
3317:2013
3268:2012
3242:2024
3217:2021
3181:2023
3155:2010
3129:2023
3099:2023
2935:RTGS
2926:Thai
2697:The
2548:and
2528:lit.
2412:Naeb
2408:Naeb
2397:The
2262:viz.
1997:and
1926:Abg.
1910:lit.
1702:The
1486:The
1424:the
1399:the
1356:the
1321:the
1298:the
1192:, a
1182:and
1123:and
1091:1853
1065:. A
1024:The
1008:The
994:Tuns
982:Y.B.
915:The
888:The
778:and
678:and
585:The
564:and
562:2018
522:, a
464:and
444:The
131:Whip
2883:SEK
2796:MLA
2794:or
2508:).
2414:is
2377:by
2135:).
2038:DPD
2018:DPR
1902:MdB
1848:as
1561:or
1452:).
1413:);
1366:MLA
1335:MSP
1188:In
943:).
526:or
470:In
425:or
365:of
311:or
3875::
3851:.
3736:.
3710:.
3699:^
3682:.
3656:.
3630:.
3566:.
3533:.
3397:.
3303:.
3233:.
3204:.
3200:.
3043:.
2994::
2932:;
2928::
2920:,
2802:.
2756:.
2732:A
2713:.
2496::
2466:.
2389:.
2351:.
2323:,
2319::
2299:,
2295::
2275:.
2267:,
2079::
2071:A
1872:A
1798::
1754::
1734:A
1710::
1688:.
1676::
1647:.
1609:A
1460:.
1434:AM
1417::
1396:.)
1380::
1376:;
1372::
1368:;
1349::
1345:;
1341::
1337:;
1312:MP
1284:,
1280:,
1276:,
1272:,
1268:,
1264:,
1109:;
1085:.
1044:,
1032:.
834:A
824:.
782:.
733:,
713::
650::
638:,
605::
538:.
381:.
344:.
283:MP
277:A
3812:.
3782:.
3752:.
3722:.
3693:.
3667:.
3641:.
3582:.
3549:.
3519:.
3459:.
3413:.
3383:.
3351:.
3319:.
3270:.
3244:.
3219:.
3183:.
3157:.
3131:.
3101:.
3010:(
2990:(
2924:(
2873:(
2839:(
2831:(
2670:.
2663:.
2635:—
2540:'
2534:'
2526:(
2315:(
2291:(
2236:(
2221:¥
2215:(
2177:(
2169:(
2157:(
2131:(
2075:(
2031:(
2011:(
1942:(
1922:'
1916:'
1908:(
1794:(
1750:(
1706:(
1617:(
1436:)
1432:(
1421:)
1409:(
1364:(
1353:)
1333:(
646:(
306:/
281:(
266:e
259:t
252:v
225:)
221:(
213:)
209:(
201:)
197:(
175:)
171:(
83:)
79:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.