Mosque - Knowledge

4021: 5758:: "The first mosque, a building that Muhammad erected at Medina in 622, is usually described as the Prophet's house but was probably intended from the outset as a community center as well. Initially, it was a rectangular enclosure of unbaked brick, a little over 50 m square, but a portico of palm trunks supporting a roof of palm-frond thatch was quickly erected on the north side of the court, facing Jerusalem, the first qibla, or direction in which Muslims sent their prayers . In 624 when the qibla was changed to Mecca, another such arcade was built on the south side, facing that city. Muhammad and his family lived in rooms built on to one side of the enclosure, and Muhammad was buried in one of these rooms in 632. During the 7th and early 8th centuries, Muhammad's mosque was repeatedly enlarged and rebuilt, becoming a flat-roofed hypostyle structure with a central court and a prayer-hall deeper than the three other porticos. The form of the mosque of the Prophet was closely imitated in the early congregational mosques built in the Iraqi cities of Wasit, Kufa and Basra, and in the mosque built at Daybul in Sind (now Banbhore, Pakistan)." 3763: 1245: 5155:, p. 34-35: "A second stage occurred between 650 and 750. To my knowledge, twenty-seven masjids from this period are archaeologically definable… All mosques had a certain relationship between open and closed covered spaces. The problems posed by this relationship pertain primarily to the history of art, except on one point, which is the apparent tendency to consider the covered parts as the bayt al-salat, i.e. place of prayer, and the rest of the building as an overflow area for prayer. All these buildings were enclosed by walls and did not have an exterior façade. Their orderly form appeared only from the inside where the balance between open and covered spaces served, among other things, to indicate the direction of qibla. Their only outward symbol was the minaret, a feature which appeared early in mosques built in old cities with predominantly non-Muslim populations and only later in primarily Muslim ones." 3509: 1326: 4360: 1281: 3892: 3877: 3718: 4565: 4154: 2271: 5788:

mud-brick rectangular enclosure consisting of an open courtyard, a three-aisled roofed space to the south, a one-bay space inside the northern wall, and eight separate rooms annexed to the eastern wall. The eight rooms housed Muḥammad's wives; the northern vestibule was a waiting area; the southern space served various residential, official, and ritual functions. The roof was supported by palm trunks and its southern wall, after 6/628, contained a three-stepped platform (minbar), from which Muḥammad spoke and adjudicated. Despite its rudimentary form and construction, Muḥammad's house would provide the basic model for the first mosques.

3842: 3428: 1994: 3816: 1305: 3370: 1681: 4279: 4009: 2865: 3790: 2975: 1960: 1848: 3737: 2755: 1350: 4408: 4793: 2557: 1624: 3129: 2821: 2161: 17537: 3085: 2469: 4040:, which doubled as a place for prayer. The first confirmed minarets in the form of towers date from the early 9th century under Abbasid rule and they did not become a standard feature of mosques until the 11th century. These first minaret towers were placed in the middle of the wall opposite the qibla wall. Among them, the minaret of the Great Mosque of Kairouan in Tunisia, dating from 836, is well-preserved and is one of the oldest surviving minarets in the world today. 2579: 17560: 3327: 3283: 3261: 3151: 3019: 2645: 2183: 14841: 2403: 17485: 3239: 3195: 2535: 2117: 2667: 2513: 2337: 2315: 2293: 1548: 17747: 2799: 2249: 2095: 3305: 3107: 3041: 2931: 2887: 2777: 2447: 4116: 2843: 2711: 2425: 3173: 2139: 5737:, pp. 195–196: "The first mosque was the house of the Prophet Muhammad in Medina. This was a simple rectangular (53 by 56 m) enclosure containing rooms for the Prophet and his wives and a shaded area on the south side of the courtyard which could be used for prayer in the direction of Mecca. This building became the model for subsequent mosques which had the same basic courtyard layout with a prayer area against the qibla wall." 4642: 17504: 17419: 2953: 2909: 2689: 2491: 2227: 2205: 2073: 15087: 17795: 3063: 2601: 2381: 2359: 3217: 2997: 1459: 17807: 15999: 2733: 2623: 17759: 16012: 14830: 3941: 663: 17438: 17371: 17771: 16259: 5143:, p. 34: "The main characteristic, then, of this first stage was the creation of a space which served exclusively Muslim purposes and which, in cities that were entirely Muslim, existed on two separate levels of exclusivity. The word masjid is always associated with these spaces, but it does not yet possess any formal structure nor does it have any precise function other than that of excluding non-Muslims." 17352: 17645: 17466: 62: 17607: 17783: 17626: 17588: 1985:, a practice in which at least one Muslim man from the community must participate. Muslims performing itikaf are required to stay within the mosque for ten consecutive days, often in worship or learning about Islam. As a result, the rest of the Muslim community is responsible for providing the participants with food, drinks, and whatever else they need during their stay. 4290:. Shoes must not be worn inside the carpeted prayer hall. Some mosques will also extend that rule to include other parts of the facility even if those other locations are not devoted to prayer. Congregants and visitors to mosques are supposed to be clean themselves. It is also undesirable to come to the mosque after eating something that smells, such as garlic. 5131:"A mosque is a building where Muslims bow before Allah to show their submission to His will. It is not necessary to have a building to do this. Muhammad said that 'Wherever the hour of prayer overtakes you, you shall perform the prayer. That place is the mosque'. In his early days in Makkah there was no mosque, so he and his friends would pray anywhere." 3489:, firmly established the courtyard façade of such mosques, with the towering gateways at every side, as more important than the actual buildings themselves. They typically took the form of a square-shaped central courtyard with large entrances at each side, giving the impression of gateways to the spiritual world. The Persians also introduced 1244: 4758:

Although the Saudi involvement in Sunni mosques around the world can be traced back to the 1960s, it was not until later in the 20th century that the government of Saudi Arabia became a large influence in foreign Sunni mosques. Beginning in the 1980s, the Saudi Arabian government began to finance the

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A study 2005 indicated that while support for suicide bombings is not correlated with personal devotion to Islam among Palestinian Muslims, it is correlated with mosque attendance because "participating in communal religious rituals of any kind likely encourages support for self-sacrificing behaviors

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at one time prohibited women from attending mosques especially at night because he feared they might be sexually harassed or assaulted by men, so he required them to pray at home. Sometimes a special part of the mosque was railed off for women; for example, the governor of Mecca in 870 had ropes tied

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As mosques are places of worship, those within the mosque are required to remain respectful to those in prayer. Loud talking within the mosque, as well as discussion of topics deemed disrespectful, is forbidden in areas where people are praying. In addition, it is disrespectful to walk in front of or

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in South Asia which has gone on to become characteristic of the Arabic architectural style of dome. Some mosques have multiple, often smaller, domes in addition to the main large dome that resides at the center. The domes of Turkish-style mosques are influenced by Byzantine architecture, particularly

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fountains or other facilities for washing in their entryways or courtyards. Worshippers at much smaller mosques often have to use restrooms to perform their ablutions. In traditional mosques, this function is often elaborated into a freestanding building in the center of a courtyard. This desire for

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The Ottomans introduced central dome mosques in the 15th century. These mosques have a large dome centered over the prayer hall. In addition to having a large central dome, a common feature is smaller domes that exist off-center over the prayer hall or throughout the rest of the mosque, where prayer

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There are many other mosques in the West and Islamic world which non-Muslims are welcome to enter. Most mosques in the United States, for example, report receiving non-Muslim visitors every month. Many mosques throughout the United States welcome non-Muslims as a sign of openness to the rest of the

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schools argue that the appointment is not necessary and the prayer is valid as long as it is performed in a congregation. A slave may lead a Friday prayer, but Muslim authorities disagree over whether the job can be done by a minor. An imam appointed to lead Friday prayers may also lead at the five

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The origin of the minaret and its initial functions are not clearly known and have long been a topic of scholarly discussion. The earliest mosques lacked minarets, and the call to prayer was often performed from smaller structures or elevated platforms. The early Muslim community of Medina gave the

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Longhurst, Christopher E; Theology of a Mosque: The Sacred Inspiring Form, Function and Design in Islamic Architecture, Lonaard Journal. Mar 2012, Vol. 2 Issue 8, p3-13. 11p. "Since submission to God is the essence of divine worship, the place of worship is intrinsic to Islam's self-identity. This

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in the face of injustice, and the universal struggle between good and evil. In Islamic countries like Bangladesh, Pakistan, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, political subjects are preached by imams at Friday congregations on a regular basis. Mosques often serve as meeting points for political opposition in

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In certain times and places, non-Muslims were expected to behave a certain way in the vicinity of a mosque: in some Moroccan cities, Jews were required to remove their shoes when passing by a mosque; in 18th-century Egypt, Jews and Christians had to dismount before several mosques in veneration of

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put men and women in separate rooms, as the divisions were built into them centuries ago. In nearly two-thirds of American mosques, women pray behind partitions or in separate areas, not in the main prayer hall; some mosques do not admit women at all due to the lack of space and the fact that some

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Certain symbols are represented in a mosque's architecture to allude to different aspects of the Islamic religion. One of these feature symbols is the spiral. The "cosmic spiral" found in designs and on minarets is a references to heaven as it has "no beginning and no end". Mosques also often have

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around 621 CE. There's a growing realization among scholars that the present-day perception of mosques doesn't fully align with their original concept. Early Islamic texts and practices highlight mosques as vibrant centers integral to Muslim communities, supporting religious, social, economic, and

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In modern Turkey, non-Muslim tourists are allowed to enter any mosque, but there are some strict rules. Visiting a mosque is allowed only between prayers; visitors are required to wear long trousers and not to wear shoes, women must cover their heads; visitors are not allowed to interrupt praying

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There is nothing written in the Qur'an about the issue of space in mosques and gender separation. Traditional rules have segregated women and men. By traditional rules, women are most often told to occupy the rows behind the men. In part, this was a practical matter as the traditional posture for

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to use mosques as a way to promote civic participation. Studies of US Muslims have consistently shown a positive correlation between mosque attendance and political involvement. Some of the research connects civic engagement specifically with mosque attendance for social and religious activities

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The frequency by which Muslims attend mosque services vary greatly around the world. In some countries, weekly attendance at religious services is common among Muslims while in others, attendance is rare. A study of American Muslims did not find differences in mosque attendance by gender or age.

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In the western world, and in the United States in particular, anti-Muslim sentiment and targeted domestic policy has created challenges for mosques and those looking to build them. There has been government and police surveillance of mosques in the US and local attempts to ban mosques and block

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The association of the mosque with education remained one of its main characteristics throughout history, and the school became an indispensable appendage to the mosque. From the earliest days of Islam, the mosque was the center of the Muslim community, a place for prayer, meditation, religious

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later forbade non-Muslims from entering mosques, and his ruling remains in practice in present-day Saudi Arabia. Today, the decision on whether non-Muslims should be allowed to enter mosques varies. With few exceptions, mosques in the Arabian Peninsula as well as Morocco do not allow entry to

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If Mecca provided the first Muslim shrine, the city of Medina, to which Muḥammad migrated in 622 C.E., may have provided the germ of the idea for the Muslim place of prayer, the masjid, in the form of the house of the Prophet himself. Descriptions of the house allow us to reconstruct it as a

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prayer – kneeling on the floor, head to the ground – made mixed-gender prayer uncomfortably revealing for many women and distracting for some men. Traditionalists try to argue that Muhammad preferred women to pray at home rather than at a mosque, and they cite a

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in which Muhammad supposedly said: "The best mosques for women are the inner parts of their houses," although women were active participants in the mosque started by Muhammad. Muhammad told Muslims not to forbid women from entering mosques. They are allowed to go in. The second Sunni caliph

4776:, especially in countries where they see Muslims as poor and oppressed. Following the fall of the Soviet Union, in 1992, mosques in war-torn Afghanistan saw many contributions from Saudi citizens. The King Fahd Mosque in Culver City, California and the Islamic Cultural Center of Italy in 3762: 4538:

Muslims, especially by taking photos of them; no loud talk is allowed; and no references to other religions are allowed (no crosses on necklaces, no cross gestures, etc.) Similar rules apply to mosques in Malaysia, where larger mosques that are also tourist attractions (such as the

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that surrounds it are also off-limits to those who do not practice Islam. For mosques in other areas, it has most commonly been taken that non-Muslims may only enter mosques if granted permission to do so by Muslims, and if they have a legitimate reason. All entrants regardless of

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was the target of vandalism and attacks by hundreds of Israelis after a suicide bomber killed 19 people in a night club in Tel Aviv. Although mosquegoing is highly encouraged for men, it is permitted to stay at home when one feels at risk from Islamophobic persecution.

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The late 20th century saw an increase in the number of mosques used for political purposes. While some governments in the Muslim world have attempted to limit the content of Friday sermons to strictly religious topics, there are also independent preachers who deliver

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A common feature in mosques is the minaret, the tall, slender tower that usually is situated at one of the corners of the mosque structure. The top of the minaret is always the highest point in mosques that have one, and often the highest point in the immediate area.

1700:, towns that surrendered without resistance and made treaties with the Muslims were allowed to retain their churches and the towns captured by Muslims had many of their churches converted to mosques. One of the earliest examples of these kinds of conversions was in 1212:('The Prophet's Mosque'). Built on the site of his home, Muhammad participated in the construction of the mosque himself and helped pioneer the concept of the mosque as the focal point of the Islamic city. The Prophet's Mosque is considered by some scholars of 4230:) must be a free honest individual and is authoritative in religious matters. In mosques constructed and maintained by the government, the prayer leader is appointed by the ruler; in private mosques, appointment is made by members of the congregation through 4610:

and civic participation drives that promote involving Muslims, who are often first- or second-generation immigrants, in the political process. As a result of these efforts as well as attempts at mosques to keep Muslims informed about the issues facing the

4306:. Men are supposed to come to the mosque wearing loose and clean clothes that do not reveal the shape of the body. Likewise, it is recommended that women at a mosque wear loose clothing that covers to the wrists and ankles, and cover their heads with a 3424:) so that visitors can enjoy the shade. Arab-plan mosques were constructed mostly under the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. The simplicity of the Arab plan limited the opportunities for further development, the mosques consequently losing popularity. 1193:, which is also associated with Abraham. Since as early as 638 CE, the Sacred Mosque of Mecca has been expanded on several occasions to accommodate the increasing number of Muslims who either live in the area or make the annual pilgrimage known as 1919:. As with iftar dinners, congregants usually provide the food for suhoor, although able mosques may provide food instead. Mosques will often invite poorer members of the Muslim community to share in beginning and breaking the fasts, as providing 4139:

and sky. As time progressed, domes grew, from occupying a small part of the roof near the mihrab to encompassing the whole roof above the prayer hall. Although domes normally took on the shape of a hemisphere, the Mughals in India popularized

3924:). It is located above the main prayer hall, elevated in the background as stairs-separated gallery or plateau (surface-shortened to the back relative to the bottom main part). It usually has a perforated fence at the front, through which the 4809:

constructions, despite data showing that in fact, most Americans oppose banning the building of mosques (79%) and the surveillance of U.S. mosques (63%) as shown in a 2018 study done by the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding.

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O believers! Indeed, the polytheists are ˹spiritually˺ impure, so they should not approach the Sacred Mosque after this year. If you fear poverty, Allah will enrich you out of His bounty, if He wills. Surely, Allah is All-Knowing,

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otherwise disturb Muslims in prayer. The walls within the mosque have few items, except for possibly Islamic calligraphy, so Muslims in prayer are not distracted. Muslims are also discouraged from wearing clothing with distracting

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to be the first mosque. The mosque had a roof supported by columns made of palm tree trunks and it included a large courtyard, a motif common among mosques built since then. Rebuilt and expanded over time, it soon became a larger

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The first mosque is considered to be either the one built around the Kaaba, or "House of God", in Mecca, now called Al-Masjid Al-Haram, or the Quba Mosque in Medina, Saudia Arabia, built when Muhammad arrived there from Mecca in

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Beberapa individu menerangkan bahawa ruangan solat wanita akan dibuka kepada golongan lelaki sewaktu solat Jumaat. Ini kerana mereka akan terpaksa bersembahyang di luar masjid atau atas jalan tar dengan ruangan solat yang tidak

7674:[Some individuals explained that women's prayer space will be opened to men during Friday prayer. This is because they would have to pray outside the mosque or on top of the paved road due to inadequate prayer space.] 5220: 1942:) will recite a segment of the book. Sometimes, several such people (not necessarily of the local community) take turns to do this. During the last ten days of Ramadan, larger mosques will host all-night programs to observe 1221:

structure. It probably served as a model for the construction of early mosques elsewhere. It introduced some of the features still common in today's mosques, including the niche at the front of the prayer space known as the

8685: 1544:, with a green roof instead of the yellow roof common on imperial structures in China. Mosques in western China were more likely to incorporate elements, like domes and minarets, traditionally seen in mosques elsewhere. 6903: 6787: 3537:. Tiles are used widely in mosques. They lend themselves to pattern-making, can be made with beautiful subtle colors, and can create a cool atmosphere, an advantage in the hot Arab countries. Quotations from the 8012:

As one of the few mosques in Britain permitted to broadcast calls to prayer (azan), the mosque soon found itself at the center of a public debate about "noise pollution" when local non-Muslim residents began to

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would be forcibly demolished because it had not received the proper permits before construction. Officials in the town said that the mosque had not been given proper building permits, because it is built in a

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in India was the subject of such a conflict up until the early 1990s when it was demolished. Before a mutual solution could be devised, the mosque was destroyed on December 6, 1992, as the mosque was built by

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cleanliness extends to the prayer halls where shoes are disallowed to be worn anywhere other than the cloakroom. Thus, foyers with shelves to put shoes and racks to hold coats are commonplace among mosques.

3976:(i.e. the "front" of the mosque); the imam stands in this niche and leads prayer. Given that the imam typically stands alone in the frontmost row, this niche's practical effect is to save unused space. The 7142: 1642:, but the most rapid growth in the number of mosques in Europe has occurred within the past century as more Muslims have migrated to the continent. Many major European cities are home to mosques, like the 4697:

and exacerbated existing tensions. Other mosque bombings in Iraq, both before and after the February 2006 bombing, have been part of the conflict between the country's groups of Muslims. In June 2005, a

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or other large public buildings to hold the large number of Muslims who attend. Mosques, especially those in countries where Muslims are the majority, will also host Eid prayers outside in courtyards,

1419:(northwest Africa), with its present form (dating from the ninth century) serving as a model for other Islamic places of worship in the Maghreb. It was the first in the region to incorporate a square 1536:, whose current building dates from the 18th century, does not replicate the features often associated with mosques elsewhere. Minarets were initially prohibited by the state. Following traditional 1161:

Other scholars reference Islamic tradition and passages of the Quran, according to which Islam as a religion precedes Muhammad, and includes previous prophets such as Abraham. In Islamic tradition,

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All mosques have rules regarding cleanliness, as it is an essential part of the worshippers' experience. Muslims before prayer are required to cleanse themselves in an ablution process known as

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prayers, such as the Friday Jumuʻah, are mandatory for men but optional for women. Although there are sections exclusively for women and children, the Grand Mosque in Mecca is desegregated.

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of Muhammad was a simple chair, later it became larger and attracted artistic attention. Some remained made of wood, albeit exquisitely carved, while others were made of marble and featured

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prayers are offered in larger mosques. During each night of prayers, which can last for up to two hours each night, usually one member of the community who has memorized the entire Quran (a

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All Muslim authorities hold the consensus opinion that only men may lead prayer for men. Nevertheless, women prayer leaders are allowed to lead prayer in front of all-female congregations.

3406:, the courtyard served to accommodate the large number of worshippers during Friday prayers. Most early hypostyle mosques had flat roofs on prayer halls, which required the use of numerous 6392: 1280: 7686: 4337:

so as not to divert the attention of those standing behind them during prayer. In many mosques, even the carpeted prayer area has no designs, its plainness helping worshippers to focus.

8716: 872:, was, in earlier times, characteristic of the central city mosque, but has since become common in smaller mosques. To varying degrees, mosque buildings are designed so that there are 6641: 1473:

Muslim empires were instrumental in the evolution and spread of mosques. Although mosques were first established in India during the seventh century, they were not commonplace across

5208: 4431:, non-Muslims are permitted to enter mosques provided that they respect the place and the people inside it. A dissenting opinion and minority view is presented by followers of the 981:), the modern-day trend of government regulation of large mosques has been countered by the rise of privately funded mosques, many of which serve as bases for different streams of 1325: 8677: 5684: 4320:), or other covering. Many Muslims, regardless of their ethnic background, wear Middle Eastern clothing associated with Arabic Islam to special occasions and prayers at mosques. 6421: 6046: 3414:. One of the most notable hypostyle mosques is the Great Mosque of Cordoba in Spain, the building being supported by over 850 columns. Frequently, hypostyle mosques have outer 7654: 4188:

Modern mosques have a variety of amenities available to their congregants. As mosques are supposed to appeal to the community, they may also have additional facilities, from

16164: 6907: 5118:'place' is not a building per se but what is evidenced by the etymology of the word 'mosque' which derives from the Arabic 'masjid' meaning 'a place of sujud (prostration).' 4053:) calls the worshippers to prayer from the minaret. In many countries like Singapore where Muslims are not the majority, mosques are prohibited from loudly broadcasting the 3841: 911:. In modern times, they have also preserved their role as places of religious instruction and debate. Special importance is accorded to, in descending order of importance: 6774: 6682: 3815: 9716: 3717: 6612: 4244:

Leadership at prayer falls into three categories, depending on the type of prayer: five daily prayers, Friday prayer, or optional prayers. According to the Hanafi and

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Mosques have also been converted for use by other religions, notably in southern Spain, following the conquest of the Moors in 1492. The most prominent of them is the

3561:), rarely has furniture; chairs and pews are generally absent from the prayer hall so as to allow as many worshipers as possible to line the room. Some mosques have 6555: 14580: 4623:, and otherwise be involved in politics. Research on Muslim civic engagement in other Western countries "is less conclusive but seems to indicate similar trends". 972: 8176: 7131: 6499: 14462: 6749: 5851: 1667: 7712: 6665: 13830: 4454:

It is not for the polytheists to maintain the mosques of Allah while they openly profess disbelief. Their deeds are void, and they will be in the Fire forever.

1646:, that incorporate domes, minarets, and other features often found with mosques in Muslim-majority countries. The first mosque in North America was founded by 1589:; the ubiquitous Islamic dome did not appear in Indonesia until the 19th century. In turn, the Javanese style influenced the styles of mosques in Indonesia's 16292: 15167: 1956:, mosques employ speakers to educate congregants in attendance about Islam. Mosques or the community usually provide meals periodically throughout the night 6257: 4550:

instruction, political discussion, and a school. Anywhere Islam took hold, mosques were established, and basic religious and educational instruction began.

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of Islamic jurisprudence, the individual who built the mosque has a stronger claim to the title of imam, but this view is not shared by the other schools.

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mosques are the earliest type of mosques, pioneered under the Umayyad Dynasty. These mosques have square or rectangular plans with an enclosed courtyard (

14447: 9739: 3736: 1304: 6198: 16580: 16236: 16796: 16779: 16752: 16568: 16556: 16529: 16465: 16412: 16231: 8059: 7623: 16767: 16546: 16495: 16441: 16424: 16287: 14546: 8612: 8532: 7947: 6531: 7504: 4769:, a Saudi newspaper, reported in 2002 that Saudi funds may have contributed to building as many as 1,500 mosques and 2,000 other Islamic centers. 3789: 1654:, was built in 1934. As in Europe, the number of American mosques has rapidly increased in recent decades as Muslim immigrants, particularly from 907:, and homeless shelters. To this end, mosques have historically been multi-purpose buildings functioning as community centres, courts of law, and 16705: 16681: 16619: 16517: 16384: 9709: 6388: 6987: 1827:, a large mosque will normally host them for their congregants as well as the congregants of smaller local mosques. Some mosques will even rent 16811: 16374: 14877: 11166: 8033: 7690: 5209:"The Concept of Mosque Based on Islamic Philosophy: A Review Based on Early Islamic Texts and Practices of the Early Generation of the Muslims" 4354: 8363: 7657:[A woman from Morocco is surprised that women in Malaysia doesn't perform Friday prayer, instead the mosque is only filled with men]. 4657:

As they are considered important to the Muslim community, mosques, like other places of worship, can be at the heart of social conflicts. The

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school of Islamic jurisprudence, appointment of a prayer leader for Friday service is mandatory because otherwise the prayer is invalid. The

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is also used for the larger mosque complex as well). Once designated, there are onerous limitations on the use of this formally designated

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and thus influenced Islamic architectural styles over the centuries. While most pre-modern mosques were funded by charitable endowments (

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often adorn mosque interiors. These texts are meant to inspire people by their beauty, while also reminding them of the words of Allah.

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Utaberta, Nangkula; Asif, Nayeem; Rasdi, Mohd Tajuddin Mohd; Yunos, Mohd Yazid Mohd; Ismail, Nor Atiah; Ismail, Sumarni (2015-04-01).

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that address social and political issues, often in emotionally charged terms. Common themes include social inequalities, necessity of

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In modern-day Saudi Arabia, the Grand Mosque and all of Mecca are open only to Muslims. Likewise, Al-Masjid Al-Nabawi and the city of

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Slawische Bezeichnungen für Moschee unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Polnischen, Schlesischen, Tschechischen und Slowakischen

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occurred at India's Jama Masjid. Following the al-Askari Mosque bombing in Iraq, imams and other Islamic leaders used mosques and

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non-Muslims. For example, the Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca is one of only two mosques in Morocco currently open to non-Muslims.

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Survey was conducted in 2013, not 2009–2012. Sample was taken from entire population of Libya, which is approximately 97% Muslim.

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Survey was conducted in 2013, not 2009–2012. Sample was taken from entire population of Yemen, which is approximately 99% Muslim.

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characterized by large central domes (sometimes surrounded by multiple smaller domes), pencil-shaped minarets, and open façades.

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and proclaimed right before the commencement of prayers, is usually not proclaimed from the minaret even if a mosque has one.

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The Mosque as a Community Development Centre: Programme and Architectural Design Guidelines for Contemporary Muslim Societies

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Tabbaa, Yasser (2007). "Architecture". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.).

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45 billion has been spent by the Saudi Arabian government financing mosques and Sunni Islamic schools in foreign countries.

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and had it rebuilt as a mosque in exchange for building a number of new churches for the Christians in Damascus. Overall,

1658:, have come in the United States. Greater than forty percent of mosques in the United States were constructed after 2000. 15908: 12318: 6819: 3382: 8168: 3636:

is located. Congregants pray in rows parallel to the qiblah wall and thus arrange themselves so they face Mecca. In the

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school of Islamic jurisprudence, who argue that non-Muslims may not be allowed into mosques under any circumstances.

3711:), a small elevated plateau (rarely with a chair or other type of seat) used for less formal preaching and speeches. 1729:

The process of turning churches into mosques were especially intensive in the villages where most of the inhabitants

791: 733: 501: 2034:

that is supposed to assist in helping poor Muslims attend the prayers and celebrations associated with the holiday.

16041: 14962: 14205: 14061: 13538: 13434: 10494: 10252: 4636: 4258: 3599:

form (the roof held up by a multitude of columns). One of the finest examples of the hypostyle-plan mosques is the

3520:

is not performed. This style was heavily influenced by Byzantine architecture with its use of large central domes.

2275: 2270: 1521:, built in a similar manner in the mid-17th century, remain two of the largest mosques on the Indian subcontinent. 101: 10782: 15882: 14699: 14505: 8394: 6265: 1671: 693: 17358: 16772: 16710: 16686: 16522: 16500: 16429: 16417: 9665: 8937: 8136:

International Terrorism and Transnational Crime: Security Threats, U. S. Policy, and Considerations for Congress

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Appointment of a prayer leader is considered desirable, but not always obligatory. The permanent prayer leader (

17522: 17323: 17101: 15979: 15660: 14764: 14312: 14210: 9650: 9318: 7105: 6942: 4025: 638: 17842: 15959: 15954: 15949: 14905: 14863: 14122: 13881: 13558: 12177: 11721: 7655:"Wanita dari Maghribi terkejut kaum Hawa di Malaysia tak solat Jumaat, masjid pula dipenuhi kaum Adam sahaja" 6206: 4690: 4163:("ablution") area, where Muslims wash their hands, forearm, face and feet before they pray. Example from the 372: 31: 12029: 10909: 5542: 17847: 17832: 15964: 15944: 15939: 15918: 15791: 15179: 15023: 14915: 14684: 14661: 14271: 14127: 14117: 14023: 13676: 10532: 5127:

Colledge, R. (1999). The mosque. In: Mastering World Religions. Macmillan Master Series. Palgrave, London.

4416: 4346: 3907: 3847: 3821: 1502: 877: 873: 404: 9150:

Nielsen, Jørgen Schøler; Akgönül, Samim; Alibašić, Ahmet; Goddard, Hugh; Maréchal, Brigitte, eds. (2011).

8063: 16034: 14940: 14786: 14651: 14457: 14225: 14018: 13395: 12884: 11135: 11126: 9820: 7569: 7478: 4742: 4707: 4539: 3746: 3527:, on the grounds that the artist must not imitate God's creation. Mosques are, therefore, decorated with 1772:, itself constructed on the site of a church demolished during the period of Muslim rule. Outside of the 451: 278: 8678:"Thousands of Muslims protest China's plans to demolish mosque in rare demonstration against government" 8524: 7939: 6524: 5578:

Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies (1986). Goss, V. P.; Bornstein, C. V. (eds.).

17737: 15342: 14536: 14419: 13936: 13355: 11351: 7917:. Madison/Teaneck, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press/Associated University Presses. p. 98. 7512: 4564: 4559: 4153: 3912: 3891: 3876: 1123: 1113: 491: 11369: 1585:, and Chinese architectural influences, with tall timber, multi-level roofs similar to the pagodas of 876:. This basic pattern of organization has assumed different forms depending on the region, period, and 17670: 17316: 14935: 14925: 14629: 14616: 14317: 14146: 13842: 13564: 13527: 11306: 10134: 8888:

An Introduction to the History of Project Management: From the Earliest Times to A.D. 1900, Part 1900

6991: 5618:"The Holy Land, Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Qur'an, Sunnah and other Islamic Literary Source" 4469:

The twenty-eighth verse of the same chapter is more specific as it only considers polytheists in the

1948:, the night Muslims believe that Muhammad first received Quranic revelations. On that night, between 1776:, such instances also occurred in southeastern Europe once regions were no longer under Muslim rule. 1697: 1578: 834:

was issued on a daily basis. It is typical of mosque buildings to have a special ornamental niche (a

586: 298: 15147: 14966: 13333:

Names are sorted alphabetically. Standard form: Islamic name / Biblical name (title or relationship)

12907: 11156: 8025: 7781: 6635:"The resilience and ordinariness of Australian Muslims: Attitudes and experiences of Muslims Report" 5581:

The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades

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floral patterns or images of fruit and vegetables. These are allusions to the paradise after death.

16844: 15892: 15175: 15101: 14781: 14500: 14324: 14097: 13577: 13204: 12306: 11994: 11894: 9600: 8355: 6131: 4817: 4390:

Many mosques today will put the women behind a barrier or partition or in another room. Mosques in

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from the 15th century onwards as the Balkans and Constantinople became part of the Ottoman Empire.

3851: 3724: 3600: 3512: 3467:

witnessed the introduction of such structures as domes and large, arched entrances, referred to as

1993: 1976: 1651: 1604:

Several of the early mosques in the Ottoman Empire were originally churches or cathedrals from the

1533: 1408: 1017: 826:(650–750 CE), early mosques comprised open and closed covered spaces enclosed by walls, often with 518: 318: 17: 8476: 4601:

Countries with a minority Muslim population are more likely than Muslim-majority countries of the

3769: 3485:

arrangement took form. The four-iwan format, finalized by the Seljuqs, and later inherited by the

2016:

states that Muslims are required to give approximately one-fortieth of their wealth to charity as

17837: 15250: 14950: 14639: 13450: 10993: 10736: 10396: 6186:

When the Moors were driven out of Spain in 1492, most of the mosques were converted into churches

5628: 5385: 4738: 4573: 4164: 3795: 3374: 3369: 1723: 1448: 1436: 113: 13604: 12069: 11852: 10931: 10370: 8761:

Asher, Catherine B. (September 24, 1992). "Aurangzeb and the Islamization of the Mughal style".

16082: 15439: 14991: 14796: 14725: 14694: 14624: 13548: 13543: 13461: 12900: 12150: 11405: 11346: 11236: 10716: 10107: 9171:

The North American Muslim Resource Guide: Muslim Community Life in the United States and Canada

6844: 6578:"Religious Regimes and Prospects for Liberal Politics: Futures of Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia" 6171: 6165: 6140: 4863: 4650: 4273: 4172: 4063:, Call to Prayer), although it is supposed to be said loudly to the surrounding community. The 2979: 2974: 1754: 1613: 1397: 1267: 1069: 1020: 952: 944: 892: 567: 333: 14910: 8583: 8199: 7047: 7013: 6326: 6077: 3595:

In many mosques, especially the early congregational mosques, the prayer hall is built in the

2022:. Since mosques form the center of Muslim communities, they are where Muslims go to both give 15645: 15048: 15006: 14986: 14742: 14720: 13471: 13348: 12405: 12274: 12171: 10966: 10833: 10622: 10526: 10381: 10294: 10006: 9771: 9328: 8445: 8134: 5104: 4734: 4024:

Two minarets made of clay with twenty layers of horizontal protruding wooden sticks from the

3698: 3427: 3415: 3403: 2013: 1785: 1643: 1582: 1251: 562: 387: 171: 126: 16983: 16597: 9189: 7886: 7880: 6466: 6130:

Hillenbrand, R. "Masdjid. I. In the central Islamic lands". In P. J. Bearman; Th. Bianquis;

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represent two of Saudi Arabia's largest investments in foreign mosques as former Saudi king

17211: 17040: 16485: 16258: 15991: 15745: 15043: 15038: 15028: 15013: 14996: 14981: 14971: 14920: 14900: 14886: 14399: 14306: 14251: 12427: 12022: 11906: 11888: 11037: 10863: 9623: 9403: 9209: 8328: 8223: 5584:. Vol. 21. Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University. p. 208. 4781: 4760: 4722: 4683: 4261:

agree to the leader appointed for five daily services may lead the Friday service as well.

4135:

The domes, often placed directly above the main prayer hall, may signify the vaults of the

4012:

One of the oldest standing minarets in the world at the Great Mosque of Kairouan in Tunisia

3967: 3799: 3742: 3494: 3464: 3444: 3359: 1964: 1730: 1617: 1577:, were first established in the 15th century. Early Javanese mosques took design cues from 1537: 1498: 1213: 823: 17347: 10956: 9329:"The Architecture of the Middle Eastern City from Past to Present: The Case of the Mosque" 1891:. Food is provided, at least in part, by members of the community, thereby creating daily 1692:, Turkey, was converted into a mosque after the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453 1680: 8: 17811: 17675: 16942: 16003: 15761: 15603: 15533: 15505: 15444: 15337: 15018: 15001: 14976: 14955: 14634: 14510: 14404: 14220: 13659: 13456: 12456: 12400: 12195: 11863: 11505: 10728: 10423: 10093: 9875: 9852: 9578: 8280: 8108: 7789: 6782: 5577: 4813: 4602: 4278: 3945: 3562: 3502: 3411: 1855: 1612:(one of those converted cathedrals) informing the architecture of mosques from after the 1551: 1486: 1474: 1311: 1287: 1208: 924: 686: 572: 206: 106: 11361: 11287: 4008: 17680: 14930: 14801: 14715: 14646: 14556: 14492: 14300: 14276: 13953: 13931: 13891: 13733: 13636: 13587: 13553: 13444: 12813: 12782: 12255: 11901: 11653: 11475: 10797: 9925: 9644: 9557: 9494: 9030: 8864: 8799:

Sacred Places of a Lifetime: 500 of the World's Most Peaceful and Powerful Destinations

8254: 7987: 7828: 7762: 7412: 7240: 6659:"Muslim Life in Germany: A study conducted on behalf of the German Conference on Islam" 6135: 5321: 4797: 4607: 4569: 4350: 4299: 3565:

and Quranic verses on the walls to create a more religious atmosphere for worshippers.

3456: 3447:

from the earlier Persian dynasties, and they began incorporating elements from earlier

2583: 2578: 1726:(Al-Waleed's father) is said to have transformed 10 churches in Damascus into mosques. 1574: 1506: 1203: 1138: 822:, and may have been open spaces rather than elaborate buildings. In the first stage of 596: 553: 523: 506: 481: 426: 382: 94: 13799: 8780:

Bearman, P.J.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.).

8554: 7543: 6775:"Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe: Final Topline" 6415:"'What Muslims Want': A survey of British Muslims by ICM on behalf of Policy Exchange" 5293: 5271: 5249: 3628:

wall should, in a properly oriented mosque, be set perpendicular to a line leading to

1052:(meaning "site of prostration (in prayer)" and hence a place of worship), either from 850:), which Muslims must face during prayer, as well as a facility for ritual cleansing ( 17787: 17543: 17425: 17394: 17161: 17020: 16641: 16149: 15700: 15112: 14776: 14771: 14676: 14666: 14656: 14329: 14215: 14167: 14010: 13921: 13624: 13614: 13609: 13599: 13594: 13427: 13269: 12461: 12446: 12382: 11841: 11567: 11152: 11051: 10829: 10809: 10802: 9868: 9608: 9586: 9564: 9541: 9522: 9516: 9501: 9478: 9457: 9451: 9433: 9411: 9389: 9370: 9362: 9348: 9314: 9296: 9290: 9236: 9217: 9195: 9174: 9155: 9136: 9117: 9114:

Muslim Religious Architecture: Development of Religious Architecture in Later Periods

9098: 9070: 9060: 9037: 9014: 8995: 8976: 8957: 8910: 8891: 8872: 8852: 8842: 8823: 8802: 8785: 8766: 8747: 8645: 8502: 8140: 7994: 7918: 7890: 7859: 7834: 7758: 7575: 7484: 7458: 7407: 7353: 7226: 7085: 7053: 7019: 6938: 6876: 6720: 6584: 6332: 6305: 6175: 6146: 6083: 5776: 5656: 5585: 5532: 5469: 5429: 5389: 5335: 4746: 4542:) provide robes and headscarves for visitors who are deemed inappropriately attired. 3531:

and beautiful inscriptions. Decoration is often concentrated around doorways and the

3497:

of mosques started appearing that would significantly influence the designs of later

3431:

Huseina Čauša džamija (a.k.a. Džindijska), 17th century traditional wooden mosque in

3243: 3238: 1828: 1773: 1734: 1705: 1647: 1372:

was particularly instrumental in spreading Islam and establishing mosques within the

1369: 1362: 1053: 964: 956: 896: 647: 633: 601: 548: 461: 421: 283: 9681: 4784:

contributed US$ 8 million and US$ 50 million to the two mosques, respectively.

3777: 1959: 17827: 17775: 17339: 17111: 17030: 16201: 16186: 16176: 16122: 15857: 15665: 15543: 15387: 15377: 15300: 15107: 14806: 14791: 14541: 14246: 13968: 13906: 13896: 13886: 13871: 13619: 13522: 13494: 13382: 13241: 12841: 12834: 12754: 12513: 12441: 12388: 12296: 12116: 11703: 11442: 11385: 11243: 11171: 11032: 10577: 10427: 10402: 10360: 10034: 9893: 9340: 9272: 7754: 7402: 4873: 4868: 4694: 4494: 4124: 3825: 3460: 2005: 1847: 1802: 1715: 1605: 1540:, the Great Mosque of Xi'an, like many other mosques in eastern China, resembles a 1381: 1178: 1162: 1093: 1086: 1006: 994: 804: 747: 713: 446: 441: 392: 377: 362: 271: 150: 9313:(2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014. 9011:

The Great Mosque of Damascus: Studies on the Makings of an Ummayyad Visual Culture

6965: 6359: 3624:

should face for prayer), the visually emphasized area inside the prayer hall. The

17751: 17555: 17451: 17121: 17116: 17055: 17045: 17025: 16737: 16211: 15832: 15650: 15500: 15495: 15490: 15362: 15122: 14732: 14429: 14374: 14174: 13860: 13820: 13709: 13665: 13439: 13031: 12792: 12748: 11878: 11562: 11264: 11176: 10657: 10480: 10328: 10011: 9975: 9694: 9688: 9672: 9053: 8992:

Title Studies in Islamic Civilization: The Muslim Contribution to the Renaissance

8817: 8060:"The Role of Mosques in the Civic and Political Incorporation of Muslim American" 7801: 7785: 7391:

Erzen, Jale Nejdet (2011), "Reading Mosques: Meaning and Architecture in Islam",

7229:(March 1926). "The Evolution of the Minaret, with Special Reference to Egypt-I". 6870: 6714: 5646: 5579: 5526: 5325: 5277: 5255: 4900: 4892: 4699: 4470: 4420: 4407: 4313: 4120: 4082: 3554: 3498: 3490: 3486: 3452: 3448: 1821:

are supposed to be offered in large groups, and so, in the absence of an outdoor

1797: 1627: 1586: 1514: 1482: 1060: 998: 982: 912: 888: 628: 581: 397: 357: 346: 328: 231: 176: 89: 10777: 9472: 9311:

Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God

6228: 4792: 1396:. The designs of the Dome of the Rock and the Umayyad Mosque were influenced by 17640: 17146: 17015: 16915: 16828: 16663: 16507: 16359: 16354: 16329: 16248: 15806: 15801: 15690: 15592: 15480: 15449: 15127: 15117: 14844: 14561: 14414: 14256: 13958: 12894: 12862: 12822: 12689: 12680: 12451: 12436: 12375: 12092: 12012: 11953: 11622: 11470: 11248: 10987: 10960: 10936: 10771: 10755: 10608: 10567: 10539: 10506: 10433: 10350: 10338: 10316: 10300: 10141: 9332: 9277: 9260: 6934: 5652: 5128: 4834: 4412: 4395: 3773: 3524: 3474: 3440: 3419: 2561: 2556: 1944: 1817:, during which there are special prayers held at mosques in the morning. These 1746: 1639: 1452: 1401: 1389: 1377: 1354: 1332: 1229: 1031: 1028: 936: 679: 541: 528: 486: 431: 45: 35: 16816: 16762: 12266: 9344: 7536:"Building Cultural Competency: Understanding Islam, Muslims, and Arab Culture" 6815: 4093:

is called instead from inside the mosque or somewhere else on the ground. The

1623: 1469:

is the largest mosque in Pakistan and in South Asia with a capacity of 300,000

1349: 1082: 17821: 17632: 17594: 17287: 17086: 17060: 17010: 16551: 16399: 16314: 16102: 16077: 15485: 15470: 14747: 14574: 14424: 13963: 13926: 13901: 13738: 12889: 12601: 12524: 12501: 11946: 11356: 11312: 11253: 11219: 11143: 11042: 10976: 10618: 10587: 10322: 10270: 9447: 9425: 9286: 8856: 8789: 8709:"Bulldozing mosques: the latest tactic in China's war against Uighur culture" 6150: 4765: 4231: 4089:) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. At mosques that do not have minarets, the 2825: 2820: 2165: 2160: 2001: 1939: 1742: 1478: 1462: 1376:, as the Umayyads constructed among the most revered mosques in the region — 1151: 904: 869: 819: 606: 511: 471: 11674: 11280: 10448: 9639:: Etymological research into Czech (=Studia Etymologica Brunensia 22), Brno. 9074: 5648:

Senses of Devotion: Interfaith Aesthetics in Buddhist and Muslim Communities

4714:

as vehicles to call for calm and peace in the midst of widespread violence.

811:. The term usually refers to a covered building, but can be any place where 17763: 17690: 17573: 17536: 17446: 17414: 16990: 16324: 16181: 16016: 15771: 15033: 14834: 14759: 14409: 14261: 14139: 13855: 13704: 13689: 13403: 12985: 12742: 12328: 12261: 11927: 11884: 11576: 11557: 11552: 11341: 11297: 10792: 10377: 10290: 10044: 9959: 9942: 9834: 9761: 9496:

Cultures in Conflict: Christians, Muslims, and Jews in the Age of Discovery

7910: 7740:"From Conversion to Conversation: Interfaith Dialogue in Post 9–11 America" 4846: 4801: 4773: 4675: 4667: 4658: 4632: 4029: 3528: 3089: 3084: 1997: 1981: 1818: 1750: 1738: 1685: 1609: 1561:

A similar integration of foreign and local influences could be seen on the

1263: 667: 613: 350: 82: 71: 17559: 15137: 11480: 10998: 10344: 8386: 4759:

construction of Sunni mosques in countries around the world. An estimated

4497:, these verses were followed to the letter at the times of Muhammad, when 17651: 17568: 17472: 17106: 17050: 16849: 16087: 15618: 15352: 15332: 14386: 13876: 13784: 13684: 13571: 13175: 12968: 12723: 12665: 12654: 12288: 12248: 12189: 12055: 12044: 12040: 11582: 11495: 11490: 10078: 9324: 6439:"Valores, Actitudes y Opiniones de los Inmigrantes de Religión Musulmana" 4238: 4193: 4045: 3807: 3133: 3128: 2473: 2468: 1832: 1813: 1807: 1590: 1143: 409: 367: 291: 10871: 10673: 10100: 9116:. Iconography of Religions: Islam. Leiden, the Netherlands: E.J. Brill. 9097:. Iconography of Religions: Islam. Leiden, the Netherlands: E.J. Brill. 8303:"JDL Chairman, Follower Accused of Plotting to Bomb Mosque, Congressman" 7416: 5513: 5280:. For the probable origin of "sajada" from Aramaic, and the meanings of 4725:, several American mosques were targeted in attacks ranging from simple 3402:) and covered prayer hall. Historically, in the warm Middle Eastern and 1899:

dinners, mosques with smaller congregations may not be able to host the

1885:

dinners after sunset and the fourth required prayer of the day, that is

17799: 17712: 17685: 17272: 17035: 16895: 16757: 16653: 16349: 16191: 15816: 15776: 15587: 15322: 15235: 15171: 14855: 14689: 13771: 13728: 13699: 12704: 12584: 12488: 12479: 12063: 11710: 11663: 11547: 11228: 10981: 10054: 9622:

Stachowski, Marek (2017). Janyšková I.; Karlíková H.; Boček V. (eds.).

7446: 5501: 4741:. Similar attacks occurred throughout the United Kingdom following the 4711: 4703: 4646: 4502: 4486: 4462: 4439: 4391: 4249: 4141: 4128: 3932:

and the other male worshippers in the main hall can be partially seen.

3646:, a niche or depression indicating the direction of Mecca. Usually the 3439:

The first departure within mosque design started in Persia (Iran). The

3331: 3326: 3287: 3282: 3265: 3260: 3155: 3150: 3023: 3018: 2649: 2644: 2187: 2182: 2055:

Percentage of Muslims who attend mosque at least once a week, 2009–2012

1719: 1711: 1655: 1490: 1432: 1155: 414: 17484: 17131: 16925: 16379: 15923: 15837: 15675: 13000: 10760: 10721: 10061: 9884: 9402: 9258: 7445: 7364:

the dome arching over the believers like the spherical dome of the sky

7244: 7204:, Chapter 1: The History of Scholarship and the Nature of the Problem. 5489: 1547: 1455:, were infused into the mosque architecture of Spain and the Maghreb. 17695: 17583: 17532: 17491: 17282: 17277: 17252: 17156: 16890: 16885: 16480: 16026: 15608: 15566: 15548: 15317: 15240: 15185: 15132: 14394: 13825: 13767: 13714: 13582: 13263: 13253: 12941: 12393: 12204: 12130: 11976: 11764: 11633: 11334: 11318: 10663: 10310: 9998: 9947: 9811: 8954:

Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia

7350:

Symmetries of Nature: A Handbook for Philosophy of Nature and Science

6872:

Half the world: the social architecture of Safavid Isfahan, 1590-1722

4849:

and finally stopped the mosque destruction by public demonstrations.

4772:

Saudi citizens have also contributed significantly to mosques in the

4726: 4483: 4459: 4115: 3859: 3596: 3568:

Often, a limited part of the prayer hall is sanctified formally as a

3393: 2869: 2864: 2407: 2402: 1562: 1525: 1466: 1444: 1385: 1336: 1218: 1190: 960: 940: 313: 17379: 17308: 12958: 9013:. Islamic History and Civilization. Leiden, the Netherlands: BRILL. 8356:"Paranoia, poverty and wild rumours – a journey through BNP country" 7571:

Seven Doors to Islam: Spirituality and the Religious Life of Muslims

6304:(2nd ed.). Chicago: McGraw-Hill. pp. 57–8, 72–5, 112–120. 17746: 17613: 17551: 17433: 17366: 17292: 17247: 17242: 16727: 16609: 16604: 16144: 16127: 15577: 15538: 15475: 15418: 15392: 15357: 15255: 15076: 14737: 14233: 14091: 14043: 13837: 13743: 13694: 13422: 13165: 13005: 12990: 12279: 11961: 11801: 11790: 11783: 11572: 11420: 11399: 11027: 10921: 10846: 10521: 10186: 10148: 9954: 5240:

For the word's origin from French and probable origin from Italian

4842: 4821: 4641: 4620: 4443: 4037: 3829: 3750: 3378: 3199: 3194: 2671: 2666: 2539: 2534: 2517: 2512: 2341: 2336: 2319: 2314: 2297: 2292: 2121: 2116: 1928: 1757:. In some instances mosques have been established on the places of 1701: 1689: 1594: 1555: 1529: 1428: 1423:, which was characteristic of later Maghrebi mosques, and includes 1393: 1358: 1119: 932: 623: 591: 305: 239: 30:"Masjed" and "Musjid" redirect here. For the Iranian villages, see 17503: 17418: 17206: 17000: 15740: 15086: 8765:. The New Cambridge History of India. Cambridge University Press. 8613:"Thousands of Xinjiang mosques destroyed or damaged, report finds" 1895:

dinners. Because of the community contribution necessary to serve

17794: 17602: 17480: 17461: 17384: 17262: 17237: 17171: 17151: 17141: 17126: 17005: 16995: 16962: 16937: 16864: 16823: 16801: 16742: 16722: 16676: 16671: 16614: 16512: 16319: 16154: 16092: 15887: 15710: 15695: 15685: 15670: 15523: 15367: 15265: 15195: 15142: 14752: 14348: 14036: 13916: 13794: 13789: 13776: 13760: 13753: 13748: 13480: 13231: 13026: 12530: 12343: 12300: 12229: 12224: 12161: 12096: 12082: 11984: 11639: 11628: 11427: 11390: 11120: 11064: 10970: 10581: 10553: 10406: 10364: 10280: 10217: 10168: 10089: 7983:"Nationalism, Community, and the Islamization of Space in London" 5192:

Patrick D. Gaffney (2004). "Masjid". In Richard C. Martin (ed.).

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Nuha N. N. Khoury (2009). "Mosque". In Juan Eduardo Campo (ed.).

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The Quran addresses the subject of non-Muslims, and particularly

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The Jewish Discovery of Islam: Studies in Honor of Bernard Lewis

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Deconstructing the American Mosque: Space, Gender and Aesthetics

8994:. Herndon, Va.: The International Institute of Islamic Thought. 3940: 3455:

designs into their mosques, influenced by buildings such as the

1158:, both located in the Hejaz region in present-day Saudi Arabia. 17770: 17707: 17700: 17621: 17517: 17437: 17389: 17370: 17297: 17267: 17257: 17232: 17227: 17201: 17136: 17096: 17091: 17081: 16957: 16952: 16947: 16932: 16910: 16905: 16900: 16880: 16859: 16806: 16717: 16636: 16470: 16389: 16226: 16216: 16117: 16107: 16057: 15847: 15796: 15786: 15781: 15766: 15734: 15680: 15655: 15582: 15528: 15454: 15402: 15382: 15270: 15260: 15245: 15230: 14266: 14240: 14199: 14160: 14077: 13990: 13813: 13723: 13654: 13649: 13416: 13340: 13274: 13149: 13021: 12936: 12855: 12797: 12613: 12607: 12313: 12124: 11921: 11873: 11810: 11778: 11691: 11601: 11536: 11432: 11180: 11161: 11056: 11022: 10667: 10636: 10613: 10484: 10392: 10284: 10156: 9992: 9935: 9915: 9857: 9844: 9829: 7885:. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America. p. 7292: 7290: 7251: 7183: 7132:"State of cultural heritage of religious minorities in Georgia" 5309:

A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language

4679: 4674:. The controversy surrounded the mosque was directly linked to 4522: 4432: 4377: 4364: 4334: 4245: 4235: 4189: 4136: 4077: 4067:

is required before every prayer. Nearly every mosque assigns a

3991: 3983: 3978: 3958: 3949: 3929: 3754: 3691:, in the front left corner of the mosque, sometimes there is a 3684: 3662: 3652: 3642: 3574: 3533: 3478: 3407: 3221: 3216: 3177: 3172: 3001: 2996: 2847: 2842: 2759: 2754: 2715: 2710: 2429: 2424: 2143: 2138: 1968: 1949: 1913:

to congregants attending the first required prayer of the day,

1905: 1859: 1823: 1708: 1598: 1541: 1518: 1373: 1316: 1295: 1234: 1224: 1174: 1173:, which is seen by Muslims as the first mosque that existed. A 1147: 968: 928: 858: 836: 476: 255: 223: 215: 200: 194: 78: 17806: 15998: 12021:(The valley on the 'righthand' side of the Valley of Tuwa and 9453:

Islam in History: Ideas, People, and Events in the Middle East

9214:

Gardens, Landscape, and Vision in the Palaces of Islamic Spain

8090:"Mosques and political engagement in Europe and North America" 7275: 5798: 5796: 4615:, regular mosque attendants are more likely to participate in 17665: 17652:

Fire temple or Agiary or Atashkadeh or Atashgah or Dar-e Mehr

17499: 17399: 17351: 17196: 17191: 17186: 17181: 17176: 17076: 16854: 16747: 16732: 16541: 16407: 16339: 16309: 16304: 16206: 16171: 16097: 16072: 15862: 15842: 15730: 15725: 15720: 15715: 15433: 15423: 15372: 15327: 15312: 15306: 15280: 15275: 15224: 15219: 15214: 15190: 15071: 14515: 14340: 14294: 14282: 14084: 14070: 14029: 13806: 13644: 13501: 13487: 13408: 13371: 13195: 12850: 12827: 12805: 12595: 12589: 12559: 12241: 12143: 11966: 11939: 11915: 11825: 11696: 11608: 11380: 11329: 11292: 11198: 10916: 10899: 10628: 10571: 10543: 10466: 10452: 10437: 10413: 10387: 10354: 10332: 10304: 10228: 10198: 10191: 10182: 10173: 10022: 9980: 9775: 9726: 9367:

The First Dynasty of Islam: The Umayyard Caliphate AD 661–750

9149: 8779: 8744:

Discovering Islam: Making Sense of Muslim History and Society

7597:"Al-Kafi #936: Tempat Solat Yang Terbaik Bagi Seorang Wanita" 4916: 4838: 4730: 4663: 4612: 4594: 4577: 4330: 4308: 4095: 4055: 3972: 3833: 3687:

leads the five daily prayers on a regular basis. Left to the

3633: 3629: 3617: 3612: 3538: 3432: 2957: 2952: 2737: 2732: 2693: 2688: 2627: 2622: 2495: 2490: 2231: 2226: 2209: 2204: 2077: 2072: 2018: 1923:

during Ramadan is regarded in Islam as especially honorable.

1881: 1851: 1762: 1510: 1440: 1271: 1259: 1133: 1128: 1076: 920: 884: 846: 841: 831: 812: 618: 496: 187: 145: 138: 61: 53: 17644: 7287: 4036:

call to prayer from the doorway or the roof of the house of

1185:

was the first mosque on Earth, with the second mosque being

16648: 16631: 16490: 16369: 16364: 16344: 16334: 16299: 16243: 16196: 16112: 15852: 15811: 15597: 15571: 15428: 15347: 15163: 14181: 14153: 14103: 14050: 13995: 13508: 12995: 12919: 12550: 12333: 12006: 11795: 11685: 11669: 11214: 10926: 10632: 10591: 10462: 10417: 10274: 10123: 10027: 9059:(Casebound ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. 7599:[Al-Kafi #936: The Best Prayer Place For A Woman]. 7263: 5793: 4777: 4671: 4498: 4446:. The seventeenth verse of the chapter prohibits those who 4383: 4227: 4176: 4159: 3925: 3680: 3588: 3469: 3398: 3067: 3062: 2605: 2600: 2385: 2380: 2363: 2358: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1876: 1745:

converted nearly all churches, monasteries, and chapels in

1638:

Mosques from the Ottoman period are still scattered across

1570: 1494: 1424: 1195: 977: 916: 852: 247: 155: 17465: 4737:

was suspected of plotting to bomb the King Fahd Mosque in

1650:

in 1915, but the continent's oldest surviving mosque, the

1497:, and elaborate circular minarets, features common in the 1126:

in history could be either the sanctuary built around the

762: 719: 17606: 17404: 16436: 13185: 12579: 12361: 9765: 9676: 8062:. Teachers' College – Columbia University. Archived from 7778: 4941:

Survey was only conducted in the southern five provinces.

4804:

community, and targeted by an Islamophobic attack in 2014

4201: 1400:, a trend that continued much later with the rise of the 818:

Originally, mosques were simple places of prayer for the

780: 765: 756: 17625: 17587: 9135:(annotated ed.). Abingdon, Eng.: Psychology Press. 9133:

Seek Knowledge: Thought and Travel in the House of Islam

7594: 6525:"Sondage auprès des jeunes Marocains résidant en Europe" 4518:

community as well as to encourage conversions to Islam.

4387:

between the columns to make a separate place for women.

3610:

Usually opposite the entrance to the prayer hall is the

7348:

Mainzer, Klaus (June 1, 1996). "Art and Architecture".

7329: 7302: 7207: 7049:

Gardner's Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective

7015:

Gardner's Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective

6906:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Archived from 4845:. The residents of Weizhou alarmed each other through 1979:, larger mosques within the Muslim community will host 1668:

Conversion of non-Muslim places of worship into mosques

1118:

Islam was established in Arabia during the lifetime of

11856:('The Sandy Plains,' or 'the Wind-curved Sand-hills') 8819:

The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture

7386: 7384: 5206: 5146: 1204:

Muhammad went on to establish another mosque in Medina

903:, business agreements, collection and distribution of 17735: 7533: 7171: 7108:. University of Tokyo Institute of Oriental Culture. 6980: 4572:

was one of the first in Britain to be allowed to use

3986:

from which the Friday sermon is delivered. While the

2026:

and, if necessary, collect it. Before the holiday of

792: 783: 759: 734: 725: 722: 12554:(literally 'The Pilgrimage', the Greater Pilgrimage) 9028:

Goldschmidt, Arthur Jr.; Davidson, Lawrence (2005).

8905:

Cosman, Madeleine Pelner; Jones, Linda Gale (2008).

8646:"China mosque demolition sparks standoff in Ningxia" 8305:. Associated Press via FOX News. December 13, 2001. 6740:

Statistiek, Centraal Bureau voor de (29 July 2009).

1439:, as they tended to reflect the architecture of the 1074: 840:) set into the wall in the direction of the city of 768: 9027: 7854:Turner, Peter; Taylor, Chris; Finlay, Hugh (1996). 7630:. University of Southern California. Archived from 7381: 7159: 6845:"THE ROYAL MOSQUE (MASJED-e-EMAM) in Isfahan, Iran" 6769: 6767: 6264:. University of Southern California. Archived from 6205:. University of Southern California. Archived from 6079:

E.J. Brill's First Encyclopedia of Islam, 1913-1936

5730: 5728: 5134: 1875:, is observed through many events. As Muslims must 777: 774: 753: 750: 716: 9724: 9556: 9493: 9339:. University of California Press. pp. 26–46. 9052: 9029: 8869:Budge's Egypt: A Classic 19th-Century Travel Guide 8438:"U.S. Eyes Money Trails of Saudi-Backed Charities" 7986: 7853: 7687:"Muslim Women Seek More Equitable Role in Mosques" 7447:Abu al-Hasankok Ibn Muhammad Ibn Habib, Al-Mawardi 5573: 5571: 5191: 4828:officials were notified on 3 August 2018 that the 9605:Foundations of Islam: The Making of a World Faith 9259:Yahya Abdullahi; Mohamed Rashid Bin Embi (2013). 9055:Islamic Architecture: Form, Function, and Meaning 8952:Dumper, Michael; Stanley, Bruce E., eds. (2007). 8890:. Delft, the Netherlands: Eburon Uitgeverij B.V. 8525:"Factsheet: The NYPD Muslim Surveillance Program" 7915:Islam and Dhimmitude. Where Civilizations Collide 7882:The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book 6839: 6837: 6229:"Performance of Eid Salah in Eidgah (Open Field)" 5167: 4442:, in mosques in two verses in its ninth chapter, 1879:during the day during Ramadan, mosques will host 1765:personalities who were also recognized by Islam. 1481:in the 16th and 17th centuries. Reflecting their 1150:, the first structure built by Muhammad upon his 17819: 12164:, literally 'The Farthest Place-of-Prostration') 10752:Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo 8816:Bloom, Jonathan M.; Blair, Sheila, eds. (2009). 8431: 8429: 8427: 6764: 5725: 5094: 3908:Women who pray in mosques are separated from men 9406:; Al-Hilali Khan; Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din (1999). 9154:. Vol. 3. Leiden, the Netherlands: BRILL. 8801:. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Books. 8584:"American Muslim Poll 2018: Full Report | ISPU" 8087: 7989:Making Muslim Space in North America and Europe 7542:. Connecting Cultures, Inc.: 15. Archived from 7483:. University of Texas Press. 2006. p. 63. 7084:. University of California Press. p. 150. 6328:Development and Religion: Theology and Practice 5568: 4745:. Outside the Western world, in June 2001, the 4553: 8253:. The University Record Online. Archived from 7971:. New Delhi: International Islamic Publishers. 7453:Al-Ahkam al-Sultaniyya w'al-Wilayat al-Diniyya 7441: 7439: 7437: 7435: 7433: 7431: 7429: 7427: 7425: 6990:. Qa.sunnipath.com. 2005-07-03. Archived from 6834: 6810: 6808: 6295: 6293: 6291: 6289: 6287: 6285: 6283: 5644: 4926: 4355:Islamic Bill of Rights for Women in the Mosque 3666:(preacher), or some other speaker, to offer a 3650:is not occupied by furniture either. A raised 34:. For the 19th-century British racehorse, see 17324: 16042: 14871: 13356: 9710: 9585:(2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. 8975:. Westport, Ct.: Greenwood Publishing Group. 8951: 8588:Institute for Social Policy and Understanding 8555:"Battles Around Nation Over Proposed Mosques" 8424: 7940:"Education in Islam - The Role of the Mosque" 7909: 7858:(6 ed.). Hawthorn, Vic.: Lonely Planet. 6816:"Religious Architecture and Islamic Cultures" 6364:Institute for Social Policy and Understanding 5704: 5609: 5442: 3918: 3705: 3696: 3656:(pulpit) is located to the right side of the 1661: 815:are performed, such as an outdoor courtyard. 687: 9824:(wolf) that Jacob feared could attack Joseph 9675:, from the Aga Khan Documentation Center at 9216:. University Park, Penn.: Penn State Press. 8251:"Study: Islam devotion not linked to terror" 8083: 8081: 7993:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 7480:Karin van Nieuwkerk, 'Women Embracing Islam' 7219: 6928: 6609:"Section 2: Religious Beliefs and Practices" 5968: 5966: 5615: 5417: 5129:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14329-0_16 5049:Survey was conducted in 2017, not 2009–2012. 5040:Survey was conducted in 2017, not 2009–2012. 5031:Survey was conducted in 2008, not 2009–2012. 5025: 5022:Survey was conducted in 2008, not 2009–2012. 5013:Survey was conducted in 2016, not 2009–2012. 4995:Survey was conducted in 2008, not 2009–2012. 4986:Survey was conducted in 2015, not 2009–2012. 4977:Survey was conducted in 2008, not 2009–2012. 4968:Survey was conducted in 2016, not 2009–2012. 4959:Survey was conducted in 2015, not 2009–2012. 4932:Survey was conducted in 2016, not 2009–2012. 4816:have destroyed or damaged two-thirds of the 4626: 2000:, once the largest mosque in South Asia, in 1926:Following the last obligatory daily prayer ( 1047: 9666:Images of mosques from throughout the world 9559:Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices 9535: 9518:The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Prophet 9410:(1st ed.). Dar-us-Salam Publications. 9050: 8904: 7505:"Chapter 16. The Description of the Prayer" 7457:. Lebanon: Garnet Publishing. p. 184. 7422: 7394:The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 7257: 7189: 6956: 6954: 6805: 6300:Maqsood, Ruqaiyyah Waris (April 22, 2003). 6280: 6125: 6123: 6121: 6119: 6117: 6115: 5875: 5873: 5854:. The Qantara Project. 2008. Archived from 5814: 5638: 5428:. Oxford University Press. pp. 9, 12. 4905: 3672:(sermon) during the ritual Friday prayers. 1903:dinners daily. Some mosques will also hold 17331: 17317: 16049: 16035: 14878: 14864: 13363: 13349: 12182:A Mosque in the area of Medina, possibly: 11496:ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim 11298:Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad) 10676:(Joshua, companion and successor of Moses) 9717: 9703: 9621: 9563:(New ed.). Indiana University Press. 9514: 8815: 8501:. King Fahd bin Abdul Aziz. Archived from 8418:Major Themes of the Qur'an: Second Edition 8169:"Suicide Bomber Kills 20 in Afghan Mosque" 7652: 7352:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 124. 7320: 6739: 6047:"Number of U.S. mosques up 74% since 2000" 6020: 5984: 5972: 5915: 5903: 5751: 5715: 5713: 5451: 5371: 5292:. December 2011. Oxford University Press. 5270:. December 2011. Oxford University Press. 5248:. December 2011. Oxford University Press. 5194:Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World 4606:other than prayer. American mosques host 4043:Before the five required daily prayers, a 2037: 1630:in 2018. It was the largest mosque in the 1344: 1169:in Mecca, and consequently its sanctuary, 883:In addition to being places of worship in 694: 680: 17728:Sorted alphabetically except the last one 10043: 9691:, Images of mosques from around the world 9276: 9261:"Evolution of Islamic geometric patterns" 8841:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 8822:. Oxford, Eng.: Oxford University Press. 8552: 8078: 7937: 7689:. The Columbia Journalist. Archived from 7406: 6964:. The University of Tulsa. Archived from 6929:Encyclopedia, Illustrated Family (2005). 6896: 6818:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 6742:"Religie aan het begin van de 21ste eeuw" 6572: 6570: 6568: 6519: 6517: 6045:Grossman, Cathy Lynn (29 February 2012). 6014: 5963: 5953: 5951: 5852:"Minaret of the Great Mosque of Kairouan" 5103:. Oxford University Press. Archived from 4980: 4706:mosque near Jade Maivand. In April 2006, 4583: 4175:precedes all prayers, mosques often have 1761:or Christian sanctuaries associated with 1528:was established in the eighth century in 14885: 9554: 9388:. Austin TX: University of Texas Press. 9230: 9187: 8248: 8166: 8094:Project on Middle East Political Science 7878: 7296: 7232:The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 7225: 6951: 6461: 6459: 6331:. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 156. 6112: 6044: 5938: 5936: 5870: 5802: 5766: 5764: 5734: 5518: 5423: 5365: 5314: 5034: 4935: 4791: 4787: 4718:that are done for the collective good." 4640: 4563: 4406: 4358: 4277: 4183: 4152: 4114: 4019: 4007: 3939: 3507: 3493:into mosque designs. Soon, a distinctly 3426: 3368: 1992: 1958: 1846: 1679: 1622: 1546: 1457: 1348: 9361: 9285: 9208: 8989: 8871:. Toronto: Courier Dover Publications. 8796: 8675: 8435: 8384: 8132: 7347: 7080:Bierman, Irene A. (December 16, 1998). 7079: 7045: 7011: 6299: 6129: 6075: 6008: 5996: 5891: 5710: 5677:"55. Prophets - Sahih Al-Bukhari - 585" 5163: 5161: 5043: 4989: 4971: 4702:killed at least 19 people at an Afghan 4450:—polytheists—from maintaining mosques: 4402: 4298:Islam requires that its adherents wear 3970:in the wall of a mosque that faces the 3723:Main prayer hall with hypostyle in the 3620:, and thus the direction towards which 945:Muhammad ascended to heaven to meet God 14: 17820: 16056: 11006:(Qaddar ibn Salif and Musda' ibn Dahr) 10892:Believer (Hizbil or Hizqil ibn Sabura) 10696: 9599: 9577: 9424: 9383: 9323: 9130: 8907:Handbook to Life in the Medieval World 8706: 8671: 8669: 8667: 8640: 8638: 8623:from the original on 26 September 2020 8467:Kaplan, David E. (December 15, 2003). 8466: 8415: 8397:from the original on February 27, 2014 8366:from the original on December 19, 2007 8353: 8197: 8107:Romey, Kristen M. (July–August 2004). 8053: 8051: 7826: 7567: 7314: 7112:from the original on February 12, 2012 6615:from the original on September 1, 2022 6565: 6514: 6496:"Israel's Religiously Divided Society" 6324: 6163: 5948: 5770: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5464:. Princeton University Press. p. 5461:Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians 5457: 5377: 5187: 5185: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5152: 5140: 5090: 5007: 4962: 4953: 4530:are expected to respect the rules and 4216: 4148: 3866: 1779: 1447:predecessors. Still, some elements of 1431:. Those features can also be found in 955:, mosques were established outside of 887:, mosques also serve as locations for 17338: 17312: 16030: 14859: 14601: 14369: 13985: 13344: 12774: 12362:Events, incidents, occasions or times 12360: 11749: 11085: 10741:Mother Shamkhah bint Anush or Betenos 10695: 10469:)' or 'Owner of the Fish (or Whale)') 10250: 9750: 9737: 9698: 9491: 9470: 9446: 9168: 9111: 9092: 9008: 8970: 8923: 8863: 8836: 8760: 8741: 8719:from the original on 14 December 2019 8648:. bbc.com. BBC News. 10 August 2018. 8436:Ottoway, David B. (August 19, 2004). 8198:Darpan, Pratiyogita (February 2009). 8106: 8026:"What Muslims Hear at Friday Prayers" 7830:Dictionary of Beliefs & Religions 7802:"Laptop link-up: A day at the mosque" 7737: 7390: 7375: 7335: 7308: 7281: 7269: 7213: 7201: 7177: 7165: 6868: 6712: 6456: 6032: 5957: 5942: 5933: 5927: 5879: 5838: 5826: 5761: 5625:Central Conference of American Rabbis 5562: 5381:Historical Dictionary of Architecture 5311:(Elsevier Publishing, 1966), p. 1007. 5299:, possible derivation from Nabataean 5088: 5086: 5084: 5082: 5080: 5078: 5076: 5074: 5072: 5070: 4998: 4944: 4899: 17569:Heathen hof or Germanic pagan temple 14370: 13986: 12693:('Before the Setting (of the Sun)') 11172:People of a township in Surah Ya-Sin 9292:The Koran Interpreted: A Translation 9095:The Mosque and Its Early Development 9032:A Concise History of the Middle East 8885: 8746:. Abingdon, Eng.: Psychology Press. 8179:from the original on October 7, 2008 7980: 7684: 6904:"Vocabulary of Islamic Architecture" 6752:from the original on 2 February 2017 5719: 5524: 5327:Islam and the Integration of Society 5320: 5158: 5016: 4666:allegedly on the site of a previous 4340: 3640:wall, usually at its center, is the 9265:Frontiers of Architectural Research 8956:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. 8924:Cowen, Jill S. (July–August 1985). 8700: 8664: 8635: 8553:Goodstein, Laurie (7 August 2010). 8335:from the original on March 26, 2023 8329:"Arafat orders immediate ceasefire" 8230:from the original on March 26, 2023 8048: 7808:from the original on April 18, 2023 7601:Mufti of Federal Territory's Office 6395:from the original on August 5, 2022 6167:How Islam Plans to Change the World 5740: 5176: 4896: 4317: 4100: 4086: 4075:as it is a recommended practice or 4060: 4050: 3558: 3549:The prayer hall, also known as the 1741:turned many churches into mosques. 1232:) and the tiered pulpit called the 1202:Either way, after the Quba Mosque, 1064: 1048: 874:segregated spaces for men and women 24: 16257: 15914:Influences on Western architecture 9515:Mubarkpuri, Saifur-Rahman (2002). 9251: 9191:Dictionary of Islamic Architecture 9173:. New York: Taylor & Francis. 8676:Osborne, Samuel (10 August 2018). 8385:Carlile, Jennifer (May 25, 2006). 8277:"IPA NY Voices That Must Be Heard" 8224:"Friday prayer plea for Iraq calm" 8204:. Pratiyogita Darpan. p. 1509 7985:. In Metcalf, Barbara Daly (ed.). 7574:. University of California Press. 7082:Writing Signs: Fatimid Public Text 6822:from the original on July 20, 2012 6746:Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek 6719:. Böhlau Verlag Wien. p. 82. 6549:"Survey of Muslims in Canada 2016" 6502:from the original on July 14, 2023 6360:"American Muslim Poll 2017 | ISPU" 6352: 6325:Clarke, Matthew (1 January 2011). 5426:Islam: The Straight Path (3rd ed.) 5067: 4753: 3910:. Their part for prayer is called 1835:or on the outskirts of town in an 1676:List of former mosques in Portugal 1614:Ottoman conquest of Constantinople 1415:was the first mosque built in the 1165:is credited with having built the 25: 17859: 17544:Mandi or Mashkhanna or Beth Manda 12718:('Before the rising of the Sun') 9659: 8990:Essa, Ahmed; Ali, Othman (2010). 8909:. New York: Infobase Publishing. 8688:from the original on 8 April 2019 8309:from the original on May 20, 2013 8279:. Indypressny.org. Archived from 8249:Swanbrow, Diane (June 23, 2005). 8057: 8036:from the original on May 16, 2012 7052:. Cengage Learning. p. 267. 7018:. Cengage Learning. p. 265. 6389:"Chapter 2: Religious Commitment" 5213:Advances in Environmental Biology 4221: 3679:serves as the location where the 2030:, mosques also collect a special 1753:, into mosques immediately after 1181:states that the sanctuary of the 17805: 17793: 17781: 17769: 17757: 17745: 17643: 17624: 17605: 17586: 17558: 17535: 17502: 17483: 17473:Jain temple or Derasar or Basadi 17464: 17436: 17417: 17369: 17350: 16010: 15997: 15085: 14840: 14839: 14828: 14349:Schools of islamic jurisprudence 13539:Timeline of the history of Islam 13370: 12885:Heavenly food of Jesus' apostles 11321:(Emigrants from Mecca to Medina) 9536:Najeebabadi, Akbar Shah (2001). 9036:(8th ed.). Westview Press. 8973:Architecture and Power in Africa 8652:from the original on 8 July 2019 8605: 8576: 8546: 8517: 8491: 8460: 8409: 8378: 8347: 8321: 8295: 8269: 8242: 8216: 8191: 8160: 8139:. DIANE Publishing. p. 15. 8126: 8100: 8018: 7974: 7961: 7931: 7903: 7872: 7856:Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei 7847: 7820: 7794: 7759:10.1111/j.1478-1913.2004.00058.x 7731: 7705: 7685:Rezk, Rawya (January 26, 2006). 7678: 7646: 7615: 7588: 7561: 7527: 7497: 7471: 7408:10.1111/j.1540-6245.2010.01453.x 7369: 7341: 7124: 6793:from the original on 24 May 2017 6671:from the original on 2014-06-11. 6647:from the original on 2016-03-29. 6537:from the original on 2012-01-30. 6427:from the original on 2017-02-06. 4323: 3890: 3875: 3840: 3814: 3788: 3772:, a historic mosque used by the 3761: 3735: 3716: 3325: 3303: 3281: 3259: 3237: 3215: 3193: 3171: 3149: 3127: 3105: 3083: 3061: 3039: 3017: 2995: 2973: 2951: 2929: 2907: 2885: 2863: 2841: 2819: 2797: 2775: 2753: 2731: 2709: 2687: 2665: 2643: 2621: 2599: 2577: 2555: 2533: 2511: 2489: 2467: 2445: 2423: 2401: 2379: 2357: 2335: 2313: 2291: 2276:Democratic Republic of the Congo 2269: 2247: 2225: 2203: 2181: 2159: 2137: 2115: 2093: 2071: 1324: 1303: 1279: 1243: 868:) are delivered on the event of 746: 712: 661: 60: 15883:Aga Khan Award for Architecture 14700:List of ex-Muslim organisations 12527:(The Sacred or Forbidden Month) 11932:('Sanctuary (which is) Secure') 11288:Ya'juj and Ma'juj/Gog and Magog 9962:', 'beast of prey' or 'hunter') 9632:from the original on 2021-03-02 9309:Campanini, Massimo, Mosque, in 9081:from the original on 2023-03-26 8707:Harris, Rachel (7 April 2019). 8594:from the original on 2019-04-05 8565:from the original on 2010-08-11 8535:from the original on 2019-05-07 8499:"Islamic Center in Rome, Italy" 8354:Harris, John (April 22, 2006). 8167:Aizenman, N.C. (June 2, 2006). 8133:Rollins, John (November 2010). 8115:from the original on 2012-11-22 7969:The Role of the Mosque in Islam 7950:from the original on 2022-11-06 7738:Takim, Liyakatali (July 2004). 7621: 7148:from the original on 2016-04-04 7098: 7073: 7039: 7005: 6922: 6875:. Mazda Pub. pp. 143–144. 6862: 6851:from the original on 2023-04-18 6733: 6706: 6675: 6651: 6627: 6601: 6541: 6488: 6477:from the original on 2021-03-31 6431: 6407: 6381: 6370:from the original on 2018-11-21 6318: 6250: 6239:from the original on 2016-03-15 6221: 6191: 6170:. Kregel Publications. p. 6157: 6103: 6069: 6038: 6026: 6002: 5990: 5978: 5921: 5909: 5897: 5885: 5844: 5832: 5820: 5808: 5698: 5687:from the original on 2018-06-13 5669: 5598:from the original on 2023-12-28 5556: 5545:from the original on 2021-04-14 5506: 5494: 5482: 5402:from the original on 2023-12-26 5359: 5348:from the original on 2023-01-16 5295:. For the inclusion of Spanish 5234: 5223:from the original on 2024-02-24 3353: 1672:List of former mosques in Spain 1573:, where mosques, including the 11831:Salsabīl (A river in Paradise) 11724:at the time of Abraham and Lot 11188:(People of Sodom and Gomorrah) 10855:(King Ar-Rayyān ibn Al-Walīd)) 10347:(Joachim the father of Maryam) 9751: 9738: 9682:Devostock Public domain images 9235:. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit UTM. 8529:American Civil Liberties Union 7595:Mohammad Izzhar Faizzy Osman. 7451:The Ordinances of Government ( 6988:"Fiqh of Masjid & Musalla" 6199:"'Id Prayers (Salatul 'Idain)" 5200: 5121: 5111: 5101:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam 5095:John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). 4886: 4689:Bombings in February 2006 and 4427:Under most interpretations of 4267: 4026:Great Mosque of Bobo-Dioulasso 3544: 1142:('The Sacred Mosque'), or the 993:The word 'mosque' entered the 862:), from which public sermons ( 13: 1: 17659:Varying religions and beliefs 11750: 9540:. Dar-us-Salam Publications. 9521:. Dar-us-Salam Publications. 9152:Yearbook of Muslims in Europe 9009:Flood, Finbarr Barry (2001). 8784:. Brill Academic Publishers. 8782:Encyclopaedia of Islam Online 7938:Nizamoglu, Cem (2001-08-12). 6145:. Brill Academic Publishers. 5773:Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three 5645:Dyrness, W. A. (2013-05-29). 5288:in Arabic, see "masjid, n.". 5056: 1618:their own architectural style 1298:, Islam's second holiest site 1085:"), probably ultimately from 943:, where Muslims believe that 32:Masjed, Iran (disambiguation) 17380:Buddhist Monastery or Vihāra 15975:Sudano-Sahelian architecture 14685:Apostasy in Islam by country 14552:Liberalism and progressivism 12623:(The Afternoon or the Night) 12521:12 months: Four holy months 12073:('Place-of-Landing Blessed') 11666:(s) or People of the Injil) 11004:Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel 10533:names and titles of Muhammad 10251: 9778:found in the Quran, such as 9295:(1st ed.). Touchstone. 9131:Netton, Ian Richard (1996). 9051:Hillenbrand, Robert (1994). 8797:Bellows, Keith, ed. (2008). 8763:Architecture of Mughal India 8473:U.S. News & World Report 8444:. p. A1. Archived from 8387:"Italians fear mosque plans" 7653:Kim Syazie (20 March 2024). 6786:. 10 May 2017. p. 118. 6683:"A French Islam is possible" 5378:Palmer, Allison Lee (2016). 5330:. Psychology Press. p. 5061: 4837:style and includes numerous 4637:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 4554:Role in contemporary society 4347:Gender segregation and Islam 1975:During the last ten days of 1339:, Islam's third holiest site 988: 915:in the city of Mecca, where 27:Place of worship for Muslims 7: 12392:(Flood of the Great Dam of 10713:Adam's immediate relatives 9500:. Oxford University Press. 9477:. Oxford University Press. 8837:Bloom, Jonathan M. (2013). 7511:. SunniPath. Archived from 6716:Islamic Education in Europe 4852: 4782:Fahd bin Abdul Aziz al-Saud 4743:7 July 2005 London bombings 4501:and Christians, considered 4103:), which is similar to the 4071:for each prayer to say the 3997: 2004:, the first capital of the 1122:in the 7th century CE. The 1075: 235:("Stories of the Prophets") 10: 17864: 15343:Islamic geometric patterns 14602: 12599:('Remembrance', including 12245:(literally 'The Barrier') 11273:('Companions of the Wood') 11162:Companions of the Elephant 11111:People of the Burnt Garden 11086: 10475:('Companion of the Whale') 10071:('The Trustworthy Spirit') 9649:: CS1 maint: postscript ( 9278:10.1016/j.foar.2013.03.002 9231:Tajuddin, Mohamed (1998). 8734: 8226:. BBC. February 24, 2006. 7628:Compendium of Muslim Texts 7534:Connecting Cultures, Inc. 6869:Blake, Stephen P. (1999). 6262:Compendium of Muslim Texts 6203:Compendium of Muslim Texts 5525:Alli, Irfan (2013-02-26). 5448:Esposito (2002b), pp. 4–5. 4670:marking the birthplace of 4630: 4560:Political aspects of Islam 4557: 4344: 4271: 4207: 4204:, to serve the community. 4001: 3768:Wooden prayer hall of the 3357: 1988: 1842: 1790: 1783: 1755:capturing the city in 1453 1665: 1662:Inter-religious conversion 1634:at the time of completion. 1274:in the center (2010 photo) 1114:List of the oldest mosques 1111: 1107: 1102: 29: 17723: 17658: 17639: 17620: 17601: 17582: 17550: 17531: 17498: 17479: 17460: 17432: 17413: 17365: 17346: 17220: 17069: 16971: 16873: 16837: 16662: 16398: 16268: 16255: 16065: 15988: 15932: 15901: 15875: 15825: 15777:Dar al-Shifa (Bimaristan) 15754: 15638: 15631: 15557: 15514: 15463: 15411: 15289: 15205: 15156: 15094: 15083: 15064: 15057: 14893: 14823: 14708: 14675: 14615: 14611: 14597: 14524: 14491: 14463:Geography and cartography 14438: 14385: 14381: 14365: 14191: 14113: 14060: 14009: 14005: 13981: 13851: 13675: 13635: 13518: 13470: 13394: 13390: 13379: 13328: 13287: 13215: 13138: 13099: 13048: 13014: 12978: 12951: 12873: 12866:('Mother of the Book(s)') 12781: 12775: 12770: 12736: 12570: 12541: 12510: 12492:(The Sabbath or Saturday) 12470: 12418: 12414: 12367: 12356: 12217: 12106: 12053: 11993: 11838: 11786:, literally 'The Garden') 11756: 11745: 11675:Qissis (Christian priest) 11591: 11527: 11454: 11378: 11209: 11096: 11092: 11081: 11013: 10949: 10880: 10819: 10706: 10702: 10691: 10650: 10601: 10504: 10263: 10259: 10246: 10209: 10166: 10121: 9973: 9904: 9802: 9795: 9791: 9757: 9746: 9733: 9725:People and things in the 9607:. Peter Owen Publishers. 9345:10.1525/9780520323803-005 9188:Petersen, Andrew (1996). 7879:Stillman, Norman (1979). 7827:Goring, Rosemary (1997). 7804:. BBC. December 5, 2005. 7046:Kleiner, Fred S. (2010). 7012:Kleiner, Fred S. (2010). 6471:www.worldvaluessurvey.org 6164:Wagner, William (2004) . 5705:Dumper & Stanley 2007 4693:seriously damaged Iraq's 4627:Role in violent conflicts 3935: 3919: 3706: 3578:sense (although the term 3373:A 14th century mosque of 3364: 3340: 3323: 3318: 3301: 3296: 3279: 3274: 3257: 3252: 3235: 3230: 3213: 3208: 3191: 3186: 3169: 3164: 3147: 3142: 3125: 3120: 3103: 3098: 3081: 3076: 3059: 3054: 3037: 3032: 3015: 3010: 2993: 2988: 2971: 2966: 2949: 2944: 2927: 2922: 2905: 2900: 2883: 2878: 2861: 2856: 2839: 2834: 2817: 2812: 2795: 2790: 2773: 2768: 2751: 2746: 2729: 2724: 2707: 2702: 2685: 2680: 2663: 2658: 2641: 2636: 2619: 2614: 2597: 2592: 2575: 2570: 2553: 2548: 2531: 2526: 2509: 2504: 2487: 2482: 2465: 2460: 2443: 2438: 2421: 2416: 2399: 2394: 2377: 2372: 2355: 2350: 2333: 2328: 2311: 2306: 2289: 2284: 2267: 2262: 2245: 2240: 2223: 2218: 2201: 2196: 2179: 2174: 2157: 2152: 2135: 2130: 2113: 2108: 2091: 2086: 2069: 2064: 2059: 2054: 1616:. The Ottomans developed 1477:until the arrival of the 1266:, the largest mosque and 1035: 17633:Taoist temple or Dàoguàn 15893:Museum with No Frontiers 14782:Islamic view of miracles 11722:Mesopotamian polytheists 11670:Ruhban (Christian monks) 11544:(People of the Verandah) 11421:People of Sabaʾ or Sheba 11224:(literally 'The Romans') 11144:Companions of Noah's Ark 11061:Rahmah the wife of Ayyub 10990:(Korah, cousin of Moses) 10910:Magicians of the Pharaoh 10812:(Muhammad's adopted son) 10104:(Angel of Death, Azrael) 9888:(fish or whale) of Jonah 9555:Nigosian, S. A. (2004). 8742:Ahmed, Akbar S. (2002). 8088:Aubrey Westfall (2018). 6076:Houtsma, M. Th. (1993). 5655:Publishers. p. 25. 5386:Rowman & Littlefield 5322:Watt, William Montgomery 5258:. For the derivation of 4879: 4686:that killed 257 people. 4505:, were still allowed to 4293: 4110: 3725:Great Mosque of Kairouan 3601:Great Mosque of Kairouan 3435:, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2826:United States of America 1795:There are two holidays ( 1652:Mother Mosque of America 1409:Great Mosque of Kairouan 1206:, which is now known as 1005:, probably derived from 324:Medieval Islamic science 17452:Balinese temple or Pura 17359:Baháʼí House of Worship 16004:Architecture portal 14537:Creationism (evolution) 13205:Forbidden fruit of Adam 12675:('Decline of the Sun') 12563:(The Lesser Pilgrimage) 12293:Barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn 11718:at the time of Muhammad 11692:Ahbār (Jewish scholars) 11149:Aṣḥāb al-Kahf war-Raqīm 11045:the companion of Joshua 9879:(female ant) of Solomon 9492:Lewis, Bernard (1996). 9471:Lewis, Bernard (1994). 9432:. Syracuse University. 9169:Nimer, Mohamed (2002). 8416:Rahman, Fazlur (2009). 7833:. Wordsworth Editions. 7284:, p. xvii, 64, 72. 5815:Cosman & Jones 2008 5424:Esposito, John (1998). 4739:Culver City, California 4649:, destroyed during the 4363:A women-only mosque in 4165:Badshahi Mosque, Lahore 3616:wall (the direction of 3592:that owns the mosque). 3375:Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani 2038:Frequency of attendance 1869:Islam's holiest month, 1770:Great Mosque of Cordoba 1749:, including the famous 1724:Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan 1601:, and the Philippines. 1554:, the oldest mosque in 1449:Visigothic architecture 1437:Great Mosque of Cordoba 1435:mosques, including the 1345:Diffusion and evolution 17595:Shinto Shrine or Jinja 17447:Hindu temple or Mandir 16262: 15909:Indo-Saracenic Revival 15309:(multicoloured ashlar) 14797:Persecution of Muslims 14695:List of former Muslims 13544:Succession to Muhammad 12817:(Scroll(s) of Abraham) 12809:(The Book of Muhammad) 12319:Cave of Seven Sleepers 12142:, literally 'Place of 12030:Al-Buqʿah Al-Mubārakah 11406:Companions of the Rass 11307:Companions of Muhammad 11153:Companions of the Cave 10088:Angel of the Trumpet ( 8971:Elleh, Nnamdi (2002). 8469:"The Saudi Connection" 7321:Bloom & Blair 2009 6233:www.central-mosque.com 6141:Encyclopaedia of Islam 6082:. BRILL. p. 320. 6021:Bloom & Blair 2009 5985:Bloom & Blair 2009 5973:Bloom & Blair 2009 5916:Bloom & Blair 2009 5904:Bloom & Blair 2009 5752:Bloom & Blair 2009 5196:. MacMillan Reference. 5172:. Infobase Publishing. 4864:Holiest sites in Islam 4805: 4654: 4584:Political mobilization 4580: 4491: 4467: 4424: 4371: 4283: 4274:Ritual purity in Islam 4168: 4132: 4032: 4013: 3953: 3747:Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque 3697: 3516: 3436: 3404:Mediterranean climates 3386: 2980:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2009: 1972: 1866: 1704:, Syria, where in 705 1693: 1635: 1587:Balinese Hindu temples 1558: 1470: 1398:Byzantine architecture 1365: 1012:(a variant of Italian 973:converted into mosques 959:in the hundreds; many 953:early Muslim conquests 832:Islamic call to prayer 334:Succession to Muhammad 16261: 15646:Congregational mosque 15104:(four-arch structure) 14581:Conversion to mosques 14448:Alchemy and chemistry 13058:(literally 'lamps'): 12971:statue) of Israelites 12904:(Casket of Shekhinah) 12406:Treaty of Hudaybiyyah 12253:(Black Stone) & 12033:('The Blessed Place') 11501:Daughters of Muhammad 11491:Household of Muhammad 11467:Household of Abraham 11315:(literally 'Helpers') 10770:Disciples (including 10430:the son of Zechariah) 10019:(Honourable Scribes) 10007:Bearers of the Throne 9404:Khan, Muhammad Muhsin 9384:Kahera, Akel (2008). 9337:Middle Eastern Cities 9210:Ruggles, D. Fairchild 9112:Kuban, Doğan (1985). 9093:Kuban, Doğan (1974). 8619:. 25 September 2020. 8331:. BBC. June 3, 2001. 8066:on September 28, 2007 7715:. CNN. Archived from 7622:Doi, Abdur Rahman I. 7568:Renard, John (1996). 6910:on September 18, 2006 6713:Aslan, Ednan (2009). 5458:Peters, F.E. (2003). 5170:Encyclopedia of Islam 5107:on December 25, 2017. 4795: 4788:Political controversy 4735:Jewish Defense League 4644: 4567: 4528:religious affiliation 4509:. The Umayyad caliph 4475: 4452: 4410: 4362: 4281: 4184:Contemporary features 4156: 4118: 4023: 4011: 3943: 3822:Chinese Islamic-style 3515:in China built in 742 3513:Great Mosque of Xi'an 3511: 3481:was on the rise, the 3443:had inherited a rich 3430: 3372: 3358:Further information: 2014:Five Pillars of Islam 1996: 1963:Vault ceiling of the 1962: 1850: 1786:Congregational mosque 1714:bought the church of 1683: 1644:Grand Mosque of Paris 1626: 1550: 1534:Great Mosque of Xi'an 1461: 1352: 1268:holiest site in Islam 1152:emigration from Mecca 985:and social activism. 951:During and after the 17843:Islamic architecture 16486:Raising hands in Dua 15970:Ottoman architecture 15960:Moorish architecture 15955:Islamic architecture 15950:Iranian architecture 15373:Sebka (Darj-wa-ktaf) 15227:(or müezzin mahfili) 14887:Islamic architecture 14307:Ma malakat aymanukum 13882:Association football 13781:Moderate Kharijites 12838:(Scroll(s) of Moses) 12716:Qabl ṭulūʿ ash-Shams 12433:('the Confederates') 12421:military expeditions 12196:The Prophet's Mosque 12154:('The Sacred Grove') 11950:(Station of Abraham) 11765:Al-Arḍ Al-Muqaddasah 11441:('Companions of the 11240:(Sodom and Gomorrah) 11232:(Children of Israel) 10927:Moses' sister-in-law 10906:, who adopted Moses) 10849:, Qatafir or Qittin) 10828:Brothers (including 10574:He who spoke to God) 9897:(she-camel) of Ṣāliḥ 9869:sleepers of the cave 9837:) of the Abyssinians 9628:. pp. 361–369. 8886:Chiu, Y. C. (2010). 8257:on December 30, 2006 8109:"Flashpoint Ayodhya" 7515:on November 28, 2006 7272:, p. 23-30, 46. 6302:Teach Yourself Islam 6209:on December 23, 2005 6057:on 17 September 2018 5528:25 Prophets of Islam 5266:see "mesquita, n.". 5244:, see "mosque, n.". 4830:Weizhou Grand Mosque 4723:September 11 attacks 4448:join gods with Allah 4403:Non-Muslim inclusion 3465:Islamic architecture 3445:architectural legacy 3360:Islamic architecture 1965:Nasir al-Mulk Mosque 1932:) special, optional 1538:Chinese architecture 1524:The first mosque in 1503:Central Asian styles 1228:(first added in the 1214:Islamic architecture 948:political affairs. 878:Islamic denomination 824:Islamic architecture 373:Association football 17848:Mosque architecture 17833:Islamic holy places 16007: • 15994: • 15980:Yemeni architecture 15965:Mughal architecture 15945:Berber architecture 15940:Arabic architecture 15604:Salsabil (fountain) 15338:Islamic calligraphy 12457:Expedition of Tabuk 12401:Farewell Pilgrimage 12151:Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām 12070:Munzalanm-Mubārakan 11889:Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām 11864:Iram of the Pillars 11167:People of al-Ukhdūd 11119:(Companions of the 10578:Ibrāhīm Khalīlullāh 9845:Domesticated donkey 9815:(cow) of Israelites 8936:(4). Archived from 8865:Budge, E. A. Wallis 8442:The Washington Post 8173:The Washington Post 7981:Eade, John (1996). 7790:McMaster University 7719:on October 12, 2007 7260:, pp. 136–137. 6783:Pew Research Center 6611:. August 30, 2011. 6268:on February 5, 2006 6009:Essa & Ali 2010 5997:Essa & Ali 2010 5805:, pp. 182–184. 5681:www.searchtruth.com 4814:Chinese authorities 4733:. Furthermore, the 4603:Greater Middle East 4234:. According to the 4217:Rules and etiquette 4173:ritual purification 4149:Ablution facilities 3946:Al-Masjid an-Nabawi 3867:Women's prayer hall 3850:prayer hall of the 3848:New Formalism-style 3824:prayer hall of the 3798:prayer hall of the 3745:prayer hall of the 3563:Islamic calligraphy 1856:Taipei Grand Mosque 1780:Religious functions 1696:According to early 1552:Kampung Hulu Mosque 1361:, built during the 1315:(Mosque of the two 1312:Masjid al-Qiblatayn 1290:al-Masjid an-Nabawi 1250:Aerial view of the 1209:Al-Masjid an-Nabawi 923:are performed; the 134:Profession of Faith 107:Day of Resurrection 16263: 15681:Kuttab (or maktab) 14802:Quran and miracles 14716:Criticism of Islam 14420:Geometric patterns 14272:Gender segregation 13843:Non-denominational 12912:Trumpet of Israfil 12658:('The Late-Night') 12525:Ash-Shahr Al-Ḥarām 12271:(Cave of the Bull) 12256:Al-Hijr of Isma'il 12168:Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām 11860:Iram dhāt al-ʿImād 11845:(excluding Madyan) 11768:('The Holy Land') 11716:Meccan polytheists 11654:People of the Book 11512:Household of Salih 11487:Household of Moses 11435:(people of Ṣāliḥ) 11136:Disciples of Jesus 11108:People of Paradise 10900:Āsiyá bint Muzāḥim 10789:People of Solomon 10749:People of Abraham 10729:Believer of Ya-Sin 10697:People of Prophets 10395:(Jethro, Reuel or 10202:('Rebellious one') 9926:Beast of the Earth 9687:2020-10-03 at the 9671:2017-10-18 at the 9474:Islam and the West 9363:Hawting, Gerald R. 8930:Saudi Aramco World 8926:"Muslims in China" 8559:The New York Times 8505:on January 8, 2002 8201:Pratiyogita Darpan 8032:. April 19, 2006. 7967:Qureshi, M. 1990. 7788:is a professor at 7784:2012-02-18 at the 7624:"Women in Society" 7299:, p. 187-188. 7227:Creswell, K. A. C. 7192:, p. 129-137. 6391:. August 9, 2012. 5616:Mustafa Abu Sway. 5303:, and the Aramaic 5276:2014-08-10 at the 5254:2014-08-10 at the 4917:ritual prostration 4901:[ˈmasdʒid] 4806: 4798:Kruszyniany Mosque 4655: 4608:voter registration 4581: 4570:East London Mosque 4507:Al-Masjid Al-Haram 4425: 4372: 4284: 4169: 4142:onion-shaped domes 4133: 4033: 4014: 3966:is a semicircular 3962:, also spelled as 3954: 3882:Stairs toward the 3517: 3505:, mosque designs. 3457:Palace of Ardashir 3437: 3387: 3222:Russian Federation 2010: 1973: 1867: 1829:convention centers 1694: 1648:Albanian Americans 1636: 1575:Demak Great Mosque 1559: 1471: 1366: 1288:Prophet's Mosque ( 1254:Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām 1171:Al-Masjid al-Haram 1139:Al-Masjid al-Haram 983:Islamic revivalism 913:al-Masjid al-Haram 17733: 17732: 17492:Synagogue or Shul 17395:Shaolin Monastery 17340:Places of worship 17306: 17305: 17041:Sufis persecution 16083:Al-Insān al-Kāmil 16024: 16023: 15871: 15870: 15627: 15626: 15614:Shading Umbrellas 15398:Stucco decoration 15298:For overview, see 15113:Four-centred arch 14853: 14852: 14819: 14818: 14815: 14814: 14787:Domestic violence 14777:Islamic terrorism 14772:Islamic extremism 14593: 14592: 14589: 14588: 14361: 14360: 14357: 14356: 14147:Marriage contract 13977: 13976: 13937:Political aspects 13666:Story of Prophets 13435:Prophets of Islam 13338: 13337: 13324: 13323: 13297:(Water or fluid) 13283: 13282: 13270:Sidrat al-Muntahā 13114:(Garlic or wheat) 13044: 13043: 13040: 13039: 12766: 12765: 12762: 12761: 12708:('The Afternoon') 12699:('The Afternoon') 12629:('The Mornings') 12462:Conquest of Mecca 12447:Battle of Khaybar 12383:Event of Mubahala 12379:(Night of Decree) 12352: 12351: 12307:Bilād ar-Rāfidayn 12250:Al-Ḥajar al-Aswad 12213: 12212: 12205:Salat (Synagogue) 12158:Al-Masjid Al-Aqṣā 12009:Al-Muqaddas Ṭuwan 11842:Arabian Peninsula 11817:Majmaʿ al-Baḥrayn 11741: 11740: 11737: 11736: 11733: 11732: 11523: 11522: 11519: 11518: 11471:Brothers of Yūsuf 11342:Children of Ayyub 11335:Wife of Abu Lahab 11293:People of Fir'aun 11284:(People of Jonah) 11258:People of Shuaib 11244:People of Ibrahim 11177:People of Yathrib 11077: 11076: 11073: 11072: 11052:Nebuchadnezzar II 10945: 10944: 10687: 10686: 10683: 10682: 10646: 10645: 10515:and Strong Will') 10242: 10241: 10238: 10237: 10117: 10116: 10057:(Gabriel, chief) 9969: 9968: 9614:978-0-7206-1038-3 9592:978-0-226-70281-0 9570:978-0-253-21627-4 9547:978-1-59144-034-5 9528:978-1-59144-071-0 9507:978-0-19-510283-3 9484:978-0-19-509061-1 9463:978-0-8126-9217-4 9439:978-965-224-040-8 9417:978-9960-740-79-9 9395:978-0-292-74344-1 9376:978-0-415-24072-7 9302:978-0-684-82507-6 9201:978-0-203-20387-3 9043:978-0-8133-4275-7 8963:978-1-57607-919-5 8772:978-0-521-26728-1 8682:independent.co.uk 8146:978-1-4379-2756-6 7924:978-0-8386-3943-6 7896:978-0-8276-0116-1 7865:978-0-86442-393-1 7840:978-1-85326-354-5 7659:Malaysia Dateline 7509:SunniPath Library 7464:978-1-85964-140-8 7359:978-3-11-012990-8 7106:"Terms 1: Mosque" 7091:978-0-520-20802-5 7059:978-0-495-57355-5 7025:978-0-495-57355-5 6968:on March 30, 2007 6882:978-1-56859-087-5 6498:. March 8, 2016. 6338:978-0-85793-073-6 6311:978-0-07-141963-5 6181:978-0-8254-3965-0 6134:; E. van Donzel; 6089:978-90-04-09791-9 5591:978-0-9187-2058-0 5538:978-1-4566-1307-5 5475:978-0-691-11553-5 5435:978-0-19-511234-4 5395:978-1-4422-6309-3 5341:978-0-415-17587-6 5307:, see Klein, E., 4747:Hassan Bek Mosque 4676:rioting in Bombay 4598:times of crisis. 4576:to broadcast the 4341:Gender separation 4282:Storage for shoes 3529:abstract patterns 3479:Islamic mysticism 3383:Jammu and Kashmir 3351: 3350: 3345: 3344: 2012:The third of the 1774:Iberian Peninsula 1698:Muslim historians 1489:mosques included 1443:instead of their 1370:Umayyad Caliphate 1363:Umayyad Caliphate 1136:, known today as 1073: 909:religious schools 899:), vigils during 830:, from which the 740:), also called a 704: 703: 634:Deobandi jihadism 16:(Redirected from 17855: 17810: 17809: 17798: 17797: 17786: 17785: 17784: 17774: 17773: 17762: 17761: 17760: 17750: 17749: 17741: 17647: 17628: 17609: 17590: 17562: 17539: 17506: 17487: 17468: 17440: 17421: 17373: 17354: 17333: 17326: 17319: 17310: 17309: 17031:Sufi metaphysics 16987: 16929: 16820: 16788: 16776: 16714: 16702: 16690: 16628: 16601: 16589: 16577: 16565: 16538: 16526: 16504: 16462: 16450: 16433: 16421: 16296: 16284: 16240: 16177:Nass al-Houdhour 16168: 16141: 16051: 16044: 16037: 16028: 16027: 16017:Islam portal 16015: 16014: 16013: 16002: 16001: 15636: 15635: 15301:Islamic ornament 15180:South Asian dome 15108:Discharging arch 15089: 15062: 15061: 14906:Anatolian Seljuk 14880: 14873: 14866: 14857: 14856: 14843: 14842: 14835:Islam portal 14833: 14832: 14831: 14613: 14612: 14605: 14599: 14598: 14440:Medieval science 14383: 14382: 14373: 14367: 14366: 14024:Economic history 14007: 14006: 13983: 13982: 13969:Islam by country 13754:Bektashi Alevism 13392: 13391: 13383:Outline of Islam 13365: 13358: 13351: 13342: 13341: 13224:Plants of Sheba 13136: 13135: 12979:Of Noah's people 12949: 12948: 12917: 12916: 12908:Throne of Bilqis 12901:Tābūt as-Sakīnah 12842:Tablets of Stone 12772: 12771: 12755:First Pilgrimage 12571:Times for prayer 12514:Islamic calendar 12442:Battle of Hunayn 12416: 12415: 12358: 12357: 12297:Bayt al-Muqaddas 11836: 11835: 11747: 11746: 11506:Muhammad's wives 11481:Progeny of Imran 11363:Yaʾjūj wa Maʾjūj 11265:People of Madyan 11207: 11206: 11196: 11195: 11094: 11093: 11083: 11082: 10817: 10816: 10783:Zechariah's wife 10767:People of Jesus 10756:Ishmael's mother 10704: 10703: 10693: 10692: 10502: 10501: 10443:Isrāʾīl (Israel) 10428:John the Baptist 10261: 10260: 10248: 10247: 10041: 10040: 10035:Munkar and Nakir 9800: 9799: 9793: 9792: 9748: 9747: 9735: 9734: 9719: 9712: 9705: 9696: 9695: 9654: 9648: 9640: 9638: 9637: 9618: 9601:Walker, Benjamin 9596: 9574: 9562: 9551: 9538:History of Islam 9532: 9511: 9499: 9488: 9467: 9443: 9421: 9399: 9380: 9358: 9306: 9282: 9280: 9246: 9227: 9205: 9184: 9165: 9146: 9127: 9108: 9089: 9087: 9086: 9058: 9047: 9035: 9024: 9005: 8986: 8967: 8948: 8946: 8945: 8920: 8901: 8882: 8860: 8833: 8812: 8793: 8776: 8757: 8729: 8728: 8726: 8724: 8704: 8698: 8697: 8695: 8693: 8673: 8662: 8661: 8659: 8657: 8642: 8633: 8632: 8630: 8628: 8609: 8603: 8602: 8600: 8599: 8580: 8574: 8573: 8571: 8570: 8550: 8544: 8543: 8541: 8540: 8521: 8515: 8514: 8512: 8510: 8495: 8489: 8488: 8486: 8484: 8479:on June 16, 2006 8475:. Archived from 8464: 8458: 8457: 8455: 8453: 8448:on July 14, 2018 8433: 8422: 8421: 8413: 8407: 8406: 8404: 8402: 8382: 8376: 8375: 8373: 8371: 8351: 8345: 8344: 8342: 8340: 8325: 8319: 8318: 8316: 8314: 8299: 8293: 8292: 8290: 8288: 8273: 8267: 8266: 8264: 8262: 8246: 8240: 8239: 8237: 8235: 8220: 8214: 8213: 8211: 8209: 8195: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8164: 8158: 8157: 8155: 8153: 8130: 8124: 8123: 8121: 8120: 8104: 8098: 8097: 8085: 8076: 8075: 8073: 8071: 8055: 8046: 8045: 8043: 8041: 8022: 8016: 8015: 8009: 8007: 7992: 7978: 7972: 7965: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7955: 7935: 7929: 7928: 7907: 7901: 7900: 7876: 7870: 7869: 7851: 7845: 7844: 7824: 7818: 7817: 7815: 7813: 7798: 7792: 7779:Liyakatali Takim 7777: 7775: 7773: 7768:on June 18, 2006 7767: 7761:. Archived from 7747:The Muslim World 7744: 7735: 7729: 7728: 7726: 7724: 7713:"Morocco travel" 7709: 7703: 7702: 7700: 7698: 7682: 7676: 7675: 7668: 7666: 7650: 7644: 7643: 7641: 7639: 7634:on April 9, 2006 7619: 7613: 7612: 7610: 7608: 7592: 7586: 7585: 7565: 7559: 7558: 7556: 7554: 7549:on July 24, 2006 7548: 7531: 7525: 7524: 7522: 7520: 7501: 7495: 7494: 7475: 7469: 7468: 7443: 7420: 7419: 7410: 7388: 7379: 7373: 7367: 7366: 7345: 7339: 7338:, p. 73-75. 7333: 7327: 7318: 7312: 7311:, p. 73-82. 7306: 7300: 7294: 7285: 7279: 7273: 7267: 7261: 7258:Hillenbrand 1994 7255: 7249: 7248: 7239:(276): 134–140. 7223: 7217: 7216:, p. 29-46. 7211: 7205: 7199: 7193: 7190:Hillenbrand 1994 7187: 7181: 7175: 7169: 7163: 7157: 7156: 7154: 7153: 7147: 7136: 7128: 7122: 7121: 7119: 7117: 7102: 7096: 7095: 7077: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7066: 7043: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7032: 7009: 7003: 7002: 7000: 6999: 6984: 6978: 6977: 6975: 6973: 6958: 6949: 6948: 6926: 6920: 6919: 6917: 6915: 6900: 6894: 6893: 6891: 6889: 6866: 6860: 6859: 6857: 6856: 6841: 6832: 6831: 6829: 6827: 6812: 6803: 6802: 6800: 6798: 6792: 6779: 6771: 6762: 6761: 6759: 6757: 6737: 6731: 6730: 6710: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6700: 6694: 6688:. Archived from 6687: 6679: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6663: 6655: 6649: 6648: 6646: 6639: 6631: 6625: 6624: 6622: 6620: 6605: 6599: 6598: 6596: 6595: 6589: 6583:. Archived from 6582: 6574: 6563: 6562: 6560: 6554:. Archived from 6553: 6545: 6539: 6538: 6536: 6529: 6521: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6507: 6492: 6486: 6485: 6483: 6482: 6463: 6454: 6453: 6451: 6450: 6441:. Archived from 6435: 6429: 6428: 6426: 6419: 6411: 6405: 6404: 6402: 6400: 6385: 6379: 6378: 6376: 6375: 6356: 6350: 6349: 6347: 6345: 6322: 6316: 6315: 6297: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6273: 6254: 6248: 6247: 6245: 6244: 6225: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6214: 6195: 6189: 6188: 6161: 6155: 6154: 6127: 6110: 6107: 6101: 6100: 6098: 6096: 6073: 6067: 6066: 6064: 6062: 6053:. Archived from 6042: 6036: 6035:, pp. 39–40 6030: 6024: 6018: 6012: 6011:, pp. 231–2 6006: 6000: 5999:, pp. 230–1 5994: 5988: 5982: 5976: 5970: 5961: 5955: 5946: 5940: 5931: 5925: 5919: 5913: 5907: 5901: 5895: 5889: 5883: 5882:, pp. 114–5 5877: 5868: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5848: 5842: 5841:, pp. 101–3 5836: 5830: 5824: 5818: 5812: 5806: 5800: 5791: 5790: 5768: 5759: 5749: 5738: 5732: 5723: 5717: 5708: 5702: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5692: 5673: 5667: 5666: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5633: 5627:. Archived from 5622: 5613: 5607: 5606: 5604: 5603: 5575: 5566: 5560: 5554: 5553: 5551: 5550: 5522: 5516: 5510: 5504: 5498: 5492: 5486: 5480: 5479: 5455: 5449: 5446: 5440: 5439: 5421: 5415: 5414: 5408: 5407: 5384:(2nd ed.). 5375: 5369: 5363: 5357: 5356: 5354: 5353: 5318: 5312: 5238: 5232: 5231: 5229: 5228: 5204: 5198: 5197: 5189: 5174: 5173: 5165: 5156: 5150: 5144: 5138: 5132: 5125: 5119: 5115: 5109: 5108: 5092: 5050: 5047: 5041: 5038: 5032: 5029: 5023: 5020: 5014: 5011: 5005: 5002: 4996: 4993: 4987: 4984: 4978: 4975: 4969: 4966: 4960: 4957: 4951: 4948: 4942: 4939: 4933: 4930: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4913: 4910: 4907: 4903: 4898: 4890: 4874:Lists of mosques 4796:Historic wooden 4695:al-Askari Mosque 4684:bombings in 1993 4613:Muslim community 4546:their sanctity. 4495:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 4489: 4465: 4319: 4125:Tangail District 4102: 4088: 4062: 4052: 3922: 3921: 3894: 3879: 3844: 3826:Songjiang Mosque 3818: 3792: 3770:Järvenpää Mosque 3765: 3739: 3720: 3709: 3708: 3702: 3560: 3461:Sarvestan Palace 3330: 3329: 3308: 3307: 3286: 3285: 3264: 3263: 3242: 3241: 3220: 3219: 3198: 3197: 3176: 3175: 3154: 3153: 3132: 3131: 3110: 3109: 3088: 3087: 3066: 3065: 3044: 3043: 3022: 3021: 3000: 2999: 2978: 2977: 2956: 2955: 2934: 2933: 2912: 2911: 2890: 2889: 2868: 2867: 2846: 2845: 2824: 2823: 2802: 2801: 2780: 2779: 2758: 2757: 2736: 2735: 2714: 2713: 2692: 2691: 2670: 2669: 2648: 2647: 2626: 2625: 2604: 2603: 2582: 2581: 2560: 2559: 2538: 2537: 2516: 2515: 2494: 2493: 2472: 2471: 2450: 2449: 2428: 2427: 2406: 2405: 2384: 2383: 2362: 2361: 2340: 2339: 2318: 2317: 2296: 2295: 2274: 2273: 2252: 2251: 2230: 2229: 2208: 2207: 2186: 2185: 2164: 2163: 2142: 2141: 2120: 2119: 2098: 2097: 2076: 2075: 2052: 2051: 2046: 2045: 2006:Bengal Sultanate 1803:Islamic calendar 1606:Byzantine Empire 1475:the subcontinent 1453:horseshoe arches 1382:Dome of the Rock 1328: 1307: 1283: 1247: 1179:Sahih al-Bukhari 1087:Nabataean Arabic 1080: 1068: 1066: 1051: 1050: 1037: 995:English language 925:Prophet's Mosque 889:funeral services 805:place of worship 799: 795: 790: 789: 786: 785: 782: 779: 776: 771: 770: 767: 764: 761: 758: 755: 752: 737: 732: 731: 728: 727: 724: 721: 718: 696: 689: 682: 668:Islam portal 666: 665: 664: 64: 41: 40: 21: 17863: 17862: 17858: 17857: 17856: 17854: 17853: 17852: 17818: 17817: 17816: 17804: 17792: 17782: 17780: 17768: 17758: 17756: 17744: 17736: 17734: 17729: 17719: 17654: 17635: 17616: 17597: 17578: 17556:modern paganism 17546: 17527: 17494: 17475: 17456: 17428: 17409: 17361: 17342: 17337: 17307: 17302: 17216: 17065: 17056:Sufi psychology 17046:Sufi philosophy 17026:Sufi literature 16981: 16967: 16923: 16869: 16833: 16814: 16782: 16770: 16708: 16696: 16684: 16658: 16622: 16595: 16583: 16571: 16559: 16532: 16520: 16498: 16456: 16444: 16427: 16415: 16394: 16290: 16278: 16264: 16253: 16234: 16232:The Seven ranks 16162: 16135: 16061: 16055: 16025: 16020: 16011: 16009: 15996: 15984: 15928: 15919:Moorish Revival 15897: 15867: 15833:Albarrana tower 15821: 15750: 15737:in modern Iran) 15651:Dar al-Muwaqqit 15623: 15574:(fountain type) 15559: 15553: 15516: 15510: 15501:Reflecting pool 15496:Persian gardens 15491:Paradise garden 15459: 15436:(entrance hall) 15407: 15363:Nagash painting 15285: 15207: 15201: 15152: 15123:Lambrequin arch 15090: 15081: 15053: 15024:Sudano-Sahelian 14889: 14884: 14854: 14849: 14829: 14827: 14811: 14733:Cultural Muslim 14704: 14671: 14617:Other religions 14607: 14603: 14585: 14520: 14487: 14434: 14377: 14375:Islamic studies 14371: 14353: 14187: 14132: 14109: 14056: 14001: 14000: 13973: 13922:Moral teachings 13865: 13847: 13821:Nation of Islam 13734:Twelver Shi'ism 13671: 13637:Religious texts 13631: 13549:Early conquests 13532: 13514: 13466: 13386: 13375: 13369: 13339: 13334: 13320: 13279: 13217: 13211: 13134: 13095: 13050: 13036: 13010: 12974: 12947: 12921: 12920:Mentioned idols 12915: 12877: 12875: 12869: 12814:Ṣuḥuf-i Ibrāhīm 12777: 12758: 12749:Laylat al-Mabit 12732: 12684:('The Evening') 12673:Dulūk ash-Shams 12641:('The Morning') 12635:('The Morning') 12572: 12566: 12537: 12512: 12506: 12495:Days of battles 12466: 12420: 12410: 12371:Incident of Ifk 12363: 12348: 12339:Palestine River 12209: 12178:Masjid al-Dirar 12108: 12102: 12049: 11997: 11989: 11844: 11840: 11834: 11771:'Blessed' Land' 11752: 11729: 11593: 11587: 11568:Umayyad Dynasty 11529: 11515: 11476:Lot's daughters 11460: 11459:('People of the 11458: 11450: 11402:(people of Hud) 11388: 11374: 11366:(Gog and Magog) 11249:People of Ilyas 11202: 11200: 11194: 11127:Jesus' apostles 11104:Aṣḥāb al-Jannah 11088: 11069: 11015: 11009: 10973:of Moses' time) 10941: 10917:Wise, pious man 10904:Wife of Pharaoh 10896:Imraʾat Firʿawn 10883:Aaron and Moses 10882: 10876: 10832:(Benjamin) and 10821: 10815: 10733:Family of Noah 10698: 10679: 10642: 10597: 10568:Mūsā Kalīmullāh 10514: 10512: 10510: 10500: 10426:ibn Zakariyyā ( 10255: 10234: 10205: 10162: 10113: 10075:Ar-Rūḥ al-Qudus 10065:('The Spirit') 10039: 10017:Kirāman Kātibīn 10012:Harut and Marut 9989:Angels of Hell 9965: 9900: 9787: 9753: 9742: 9729: 9723: 9689:Wayback Machine 9673:Wayback Machine 9662: 9657: 9642: 9641: 9635: 9633: 9615: 9593: 9571: 9548: 9529: 9508: 9485: 9464: 9440: 9418: 9396: 9377: 9355: 9333:Lapidus, Ira M. 9303: 9254: 9252:Further reading 9249: 9243: 9224: 9202: 9181: 9162: 9143: 9124: 9105: 9084: 9082: 9067: 9044: 9021: 9002: 8983: 8964: 8943: 8941: 8917: 8898: 8879: 8849: 8830: 8809: 8773: 8754: 8737: 8732: 8722: 8720: 8705: 8701: 8691: 8689: 8684:. Independent. 8674: 8665: 8655: 8653: 8644: 8643: 8636: 8626: 8624: 8611: 8610: 8606: 8597: 8595: 8582: 8581: 8577: 8568: 8566: 8551: 8547: 8538: 8536: 8523: 8522: 8518: 8508: 8506: 8497: 8496: 8492: 8482: 8480: 8465: 8461: 8451: 8449: 8434: 8425: 8414: 8410: 8400: 8398: 8383: 8379: 8369: 8367: 8352: 8348: 8338: 8336: 8327: 8326: 8322: 8312: 8310: 8301: 8300: 8296: 8286: 8284: 8283:on May 24, 2016 8275: 8274: 8270: 8260: 8258: 8247: 8243: 8233: 8231: 8222: 8221: 8217: 8207: 8205: 8196: 8192: 8182: 8180: 8175:. p. A16. 8165: 8161: 8151: 8149: 8147: 8131: 8127: 8118: 8116: 8111:. Archaeology. 8105: 8101: 8086: 8079: 8069: 8067: 8056: 8049: 8039: 8037: 8024: 8023: 8019: 8005: 8003: 8001: 7979: 7975: 7966: 7962: 7953: 7951: 7944:Muslim Heritage 7936: 7932: 7925: 7908: 7904: 7897: 7877: 7873: 7866: 7852: 7848: 7841: 7825: 7821: 7811: 7809: 7800: 7799: 7795: 7786:Wayback Machine 7771: 7769: 7765: 7742: 7736: 7732: 7722: 7720: 7711: 7710: 7706: 7696: 7694: 7693:on May 27, 2006 7683: 7679: 7664: 7662: 7651: 7647: 7637: 7635: 7620: 7616: 7606: 7604: 7593: 7589: 7582: 7566: 7562: 7552: 7550: 7546: 7532: 7528: 7518: 7516: 7503: 7502: 7498: 7491: 7477: 7476: 7472: 7465: 7444: 7423: 7389: 7382: 7374: 7370: 7360: 7346: 7342: 7334: 7330: 7319: 7315: 7307: 7303: 7295: 7288: 7280: 7276: 7268: 7264: 7256: 7252: 7224: 7220: 7212: 7208: 7200: 7196: 7188: 7184: 7176: 7172: 7164: 7160: 7151: 7149: 7145: 7134: 7130: 7129: 7125: 7115: 7113: 7104: 7103: 7099: 7092: 7078: 7074: 7064: 7062: 7060: 7044: 7040: 7030: 7028: 7026: 7010: 7006: 6997: 6995: 6986: 6985: 6981: 6971: 6969: 6960: 6959: 6952: 6945: 6937:. p. 572. 6927: 6923: 6913: 6911: 6902: 6901: 6897: 6887: 6885: 6883: 6867: 6863: 6854: 6852: 6843: 6842: 6835: 6825: 6823: 6814: 6813: 6806: 6796: 6794: 6790: 6777: 6773: 6772: 6765: 6755: 6753: 6738: 6734: 6727: 6711: 6707: 6698: 6696: 6692: 6685: 6681: 6680: 6676: 6668: 6661: 6657: 6656: 6652: 6644: 6637: 6633: 6632: 6628: 6618: 6616: 6607: 6606: 6602: 6593: 6591: 6587: 6580: 6576: 6575: 6566: 6558: 6551: 6547: 6546: 6542: 6534: 6527: 6523: 6522: 6515: 6505: 6503: 6494: 6493: 6489: 6480: 6478: 6465: 6464: 6457: 6448: 6446: 6437: 6436: 6432: 6424: 6417: 6413: 6412: 6408: 6398: 6396: 6387: 6386: 6382: 6373: 6371: 6358: 6357: 6353: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6323: 6319: 6312: 6298: 6281: 6271: 6269: 6256: 6255: 6251: 6242: 6240: 6227: 6226: 6222: 6212: 6210: 6197: 6196: 6192: 6182: 6162: 6158: 6136:W. P. Heinrichs 6128: 6113: 6108: 6104: 6094: 6092: 6090: 6074: 6070: 6060: 6058: 6043: 6039: 6031: 6027: 6019: 6015: 6007: 6003: 5995: 5991: 5983: 5979: 5971: 5964: 5956: 5949: 5945:, pp. 30–5 5941: 5934: 5926: 5922: 5914: 5910: 5902: 5898: 5890: 5886: 5878: 5871: 5861: 5859: 5850: 5849: 5845: 5837: 5833: 5825: 5821: 5813: 5809: 5801: 5794: 5783: 5769: 5762: 5754:, p. 549, 5750: 5741: 5733: 5726: 5722:, pp. 67–8 5718: 5711: 5703: 5699: 5690: 5688: 5675: 5674: 5670: 5663: 5651:. Vol. 7. 5643: 5639: 5631: 5620: 5614: 5610: 5601: 5599: 5592: 5576: 5569: 5561: 5557: 5548: 5546: 5539: 5531:. eBookIt.com. 5523: 5519: 5511: 5507: 5499: 5495: 5487: 5483: 5476: 5456: 5452: 5447: 5443: 5436: 5422: 5418: 5405: 5403: 5396: 5388:. p. 236. 5376: 5372: 5364: 5360: 5351: 5349: 5342: 5319: 5315: 5278:Wayback Machine 5256:Wayback Machine 5239: 5235: 5226: 5224: 5205: 5201: 5190: 5177: 5166: 5159: 5151: 5147: 5139: 5135: 5126: 5122: 5116: 5112: 5093: 5068: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5053: 5048: 5044: 5039: 5035: 5030: 5026: 5021: 5017: 5012: 5008: 5003: 4999: 4994: 4990: 4985: 4981: 4976: 4972: 4967: 4963: 4958: 4954: 4949: 4945: 4940: 4936: 4931: 4927: 4920: 4914: 4911: 4908: 4891: 4887: 4882: 4855: 4790: 4756: 4754:Saudi influence 4700:suicide bombing 4639: 4629: 4586: 4562: 4556: 4490: 4484:Surah At-Tawbah 4482: 4471:Masjid al-Haram 4466: 4460:Surah At-Tawbah 4458: 4421:Washington D.C. 4405: 4357: 4351:Women's mosques 4343: 4326: 4296: 4276: 4270: 4259:Muslim scholars 4257:daily prayers; 4232:majority voting 4224: 4219: 4210: 4186: 4151: 4121:201 Dome Mosque 4113: 4006: 4000: 3938: 3905: 3904: 3903: 3902: 3901: 3895: 3887: 3886: 3880: 3869: 3862: 3852:Istiqlal Mosque 3845: 3836: 3819: 3810: 3793: 3784: 3766: 3757: 3740: 3731: 3721: 3547: 3491:Persian gardens 3367: 3362: 3356: 3347: 3346: 3338: 3324: 3316: 3302: 3294: 3280: 3272: 3258: 3250: 3236: 3228: 3214: 3206: 3192: 3184: 3170: 3162: 3148: 3140: 3126: 3118: 3104: 3096: 3082: 3074: 3060: 3052: 3038: 3030: 3016: 3008: 2994: 2986: 2972: 2964: 2950: 2942: 2928: 2920: 2906: 2898: 2884: 2876: 2862: 2854: 2840: 2832: 2818: 2810: 2796: 2788: 2774: 2766: 2752: 2744: 2730: 2722: 2708: 2700: 2686: 2678: 2664: 2656: 2642: 2634: 2620: 2612: 2598: 2590: 2576: 2568: 2554: 2546: 2532: 2524: 2510: 2502: 2488: 2480: 2466: 2458: 2444: 2436: 2422: 2414: 2400: 2392: 2378: 2370: 2356: 2348: 2334: 2326: 2312: 2304: 2290: 2282: 2268: 2260: 2246: 2238: 2224: 2216: 2202: 2194: 2180: 2172: 2158: 2150: 2136: 2128: 2114: 2106: 2092: 2084: 2070: 2040: 1991: 1845: 1793: 1788: 1782: 1678: 1664: 1628:Namazgah Mosque 1515:Badshahi Mosque 1411:in present-day 1347: 1340: 1329: 1320: 1308: 1299: 1284: 1275: 1252:Sacred Mosque ( 1248: 1116: 1110: 1105: 1059:or from Arabic 1018:Middle Armenian 1016:), from either 991: 939:in the city of 935:is buried; and 927:in the city of 893:funeral prayers 856:). The pulpit ( 813:Islamic prayers 797: 793: 773: 749: 745: 735: 715: 711: 700: 662: 660: 653: 652: 629:Salafi jihadism 587:Other religions 582:Arabic language 544: 534: 533: 462:Moral teachings 353: 339: 338: 329:Spread of Islam 274: 264: 263: 251:(jurisprudence) 233:Qisas al-Anbiya 182: 181: 161: 160: 129: 119: 118: 74: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 17861: 17851: 17850: 17845: 17840: 17838:Building types 17835: 17830: 17815: 17814: 17802: 17790: 17778: 17766: 17754: 17731: 17730: 17724: 17721: 17720: 17718: 17717: 17716: 17715: 17705: 17704: 17703: 17698: 17688: 17683: 17678: 17673: 17668: 17662: 17660: 17656: 17655: 17650: 17648: 17641:Zoroastrianism 17637: 17636: 17631: 17629: 17618: 17617: 17612: 17610: 17599: 17598: 17593: 17591: 17580: 17579: 17577: 17576: 17571: 17565: 17563: 17548: 17547: 17542: 17540: 17529: 17528: 17526: 17525: 17520: 17515: 17509: 17507: 17496: 17495: 17490: 17488: 17477: 17476: 17471: 17469: 17458: 17457: 17455: 17454: 17449: 17443: 17441: 17430: 17429: 17424: 17422: 17411: 17410: 17408: 17407: 17402: 17397: 17392: 17387: 17382: 17376: 17374: 17363: 17362: 17357: 17355: 17344: 17343: 17336: 17335: 17328: 17321: 17313: 17304: 17303: 17301: 17300: 17295: 17290: 17285: 17280: 17275: 17270: 17265: 17260: 17255: 17250: 17245: 17240: 17235: 17230: 17224: 17222: 17218: 17217: 17215: 17214: 17209: 17204: 17199: 17194: 17189: 17184: 17179: 17174: 17169: 17164: 17159: 17154: 17149: 17144: 17139: 17134: 17129: 17124: 17119: 17114: 17109: 17104: 17099: 17094: 17089: 17084: 17079: 17073: 17071: 17067: 17066: 17064: 17063: 17058: 17053: 17048: 17043: 17038: 17033: 17028: 17023: 17021:Sufism history 17018: 17016:Sufi cosmology 17013: 17008: 17003: 16998: 16993: 16988: 16975: 16973: 16969: 16968: 16966: 16965: 16960: 16955: 16950: 16945: 16940: 16935: 16930: 16918: 16913: 16908: 16903: 16898: 16893: 16888: 16883: 16877: 16875: 16871: 16870: 16868: 16867: 16862: 16857: 16852: 16847: 16841: 16839: 16835: 16834: 16832: 16831: 16826: 16821: 16809: 16804: 16799: 16794: 16789: 16777: 16765: 16760: 16755: 16750: 16745: 16740: 16735: 16730: 16725: 16720: 16715: 16703: 16691: 16679: 16674: 16668: 16666: 16660: 16659: 16657: 16656: 16651: 16646: 16645: 16644: 16634: 16629: 16617: 16612: 16607: 16602: 16590: 16578: 16566: 16554: 16549: 16547:Sufism pillars 16544: 16539: 16527: 16515: 16510: 16508:Salat al-Fatih 16505: 16493: 16488: 16483: 16478: 16473: 16468: 16463: 16451: 16439: 16434: 16422: 16410: 16404: 16402: 16396: 16395: 16393: 16392: 16387: 16382: 16377: 16372: 16367: 16362: 16357: 16355:Lataif-e-Sitta 16352: 16347: 16342: 16337: 16332: 16327: 16322: 16317: 16312: 16307: 16302: 16297: 16288:Aayane Thabita 16285: 16272: 16270: 16266: 16265: 16256: 16254: 16252: 16251: 16246: 16241: 16229: 16224: 16219: 16214: 16209: 16204: 16199: 16194: 16189: 16184: 16179: 16174: 16169: 16157: 16152: 16147: 16142: 16130: 16125: 16120: 16115: 16110: 16105: 16100: 16095: 16090: 16085: 16080: 16075: 16069: 16067: 16063: 16062: 16054: 16053: 16046: 16039: 16031: 16022: 16021: 15989: 15986: 15985: 15983: 15982: 15977: 15972: 15967: 15962: 15957: 15952: 15947: 15942: 15936: 15934: 15933:Category pages 15930: 15929: 15927: 15926: 15921: 15916: 15911: 15905: 15903: 15899: 15898: 15896: 15895: 15890: 15885: 15879: 15877: 15873: 15872: 15869: 15868: 15866: 15865: 15860: 15855: 15850: 15845: 15840: 15835: 15829: 15827: 15823: 15822: 15820: 15819: 15814: 15809: 15807:Medina quarter 15804: 15799: 15794: 15789: 15784: 15779: 15774: 15769: 15764: 15758: 15756: 15752: 15751: 15749: 15748: 15743: 15738: 15728: 15723: 15718: 15713: 15708: 15703: 15698: 15693: 15688: 15683: 15678: 15673: 15668: 15663: 15658: 15653: 15648: 15642: 15640: 15633: 15629: 15628: 15625: 15624: 15622: 15621: 15616: 15611: 15606: 15601: 15595: 15593:Riwaq (arcade) 15590: 15585: 15580: 15575: 15569: 15563: 15561: 15555: 15554: 15552: 15551: 15546: 15541: 15536: 15531: 15526: 15520: 15518: 15512: 15511: 15509: 15508: 15503: 15498: 15493: 15488: 15483: 15481:Islamic garden 15478: 15473: 15467: 15465: 15461: 15460: 15458: 15457: 15452: 15447: 15442: 15437: 15431: 15426: 15421: 15415: 15413: 15409: 15408: 15406: 15405: 15400: 15395: 15390: 15385: 15380: 15375: 15370: 15365: 15360: 15355: 15350: 15345: 15340: 15335: 15330: 15325: 15320: 15315: 15310: 15304: 15293: 15291: 15287: 15286: 15284: 15283: 15278: 15273: 15268: 15263: 15258: 15253: 15248: 15243: 15238: 15233: 15228: 15222: 15217: 15211: 15209: 15203: 15202: 15200: 15199: 15193: 15188: 15183: 15160: 15158: 15154: 15153: 15151: 15150: 15145: 15140: 15135: 15130: 15128:Multifoil arch 15125: 15120: 15118:Horseshoe arch 15115: 15110: 15105: 15098: 15096: 15092: 15091: 15084: 15082: 15080: 15079: 15074: 15068: 15066: 15059: 15055: 15054: 15052: 15051: 15046: 15041: 15036: 15031: 15026: 15021: 15016: 15011: 15010: 15009: 15004: 14999: 14994: 14989: 14979: 14974: 14969: 14960: 14959: 14958: 14953: 14948: 14943: 14933: 14928: 14923: 14918: 14913: 14908: 14903: 14897: 14895: 14891: 14890: 14883: 14882: 14875: 14868: 14860: 14851: 14850: 14848: 14847: 14837: 14824: 14821: 14820: 14817: 14816: 14813: 14812: 14810: 14809: 14804: 14799: 14794: 14789: 14784: 14779: 14774: 14769: 14768: 14767: 14757: 14756: 14755: 14750: 14745: 14735: 14730: 14729: 14728: 14723: 14712: 14710: 14709:Related topics 14706: 14705: 14703: 14702: 14697: 14692: 14687: 14681: 14679: 14673: 14672: 14670: 14669: 14664: 14659: 14654: 14649: 14644: 14643: 14642: 14637: 14632: 14621: 14619: 14609: 14608: 14595: 14594: 14591: 14590: 14587: 14586: 14584: 14583: 14578: 14571: 14566: 14565: 14564: 14554: 14549: 14544: 14539: 14534: 14528: 14526: 14522: 14521: 14519: 14518: 14513: 14508: 14503: 14497: 14495: 14489: 14488: 14486: 14485: 14480: 14475: 14470: 14465: 14460: 14455: 14450: 14444: 14442: 14436: 14435: 14433: 14432: 14427: 14422: 14417: 14412: 14407: 14402: 14397: 14391: 14389: 14379: 14378: 14363: 14362: 14359: 14358: 14355: 14354: 14352: 14351: 14346: 14345: 14344: 14332: 14330:Sources of law 14327: 14322: 14321: 14320: 14310: 14303: 14298: 14291: 14286: 14279: 14274: 14269: 14264: 14259: 14254: 14249: 14244: 14237: 14230: 14229: 14228: 14223: 14218: 14208: 14203: 14195: 14193: 14189: 14188: 14186: 14185: 14178: 14171: 14164: 14157: 14150: 14143: 14135: 14133: 14131: 14130: 14125: 14120: 14114: 14111: 14110: 14108: 14107: 14100: 14095: 14088: 14081: 14074: 14066: 14064: 14058: 14057: 14055: 14054: 14047: 14040: 14033: 14026: 14021: 14015: 14013: 14003: 14002: 13999: 13998: 13993: 13987: 13979: 13978: 13975: 13974: 13972: 13971: 13966: 13961: 13956: 13954:Social welfare 13951: 13946: 13939: 13934: 13929: 13924: 13919: 13914: 13909: 13904: 13899: 13894: 13889: 13884: 13879: 13874: 13868: 13866: 13864: 13863: 13858: 13852: 13849: 13848: 13846: 13845: 13840: 13835: 13834: 13833: 13823: 13818: 13817: 13816: 13811: 13810: 13809: 13804: 13803: 13802: 13797: 13792: 13779: 13765: 13764: 13763: 13758: 13757: 13756: 13746: 13741: 13736: 13726: 13721: 13720: 13719: 13718: 13717: 13707: 13702: 13697: 13692: 13681: 13679: 13673: 13672: 13670: 13669: 13662: 13657: 13652: 13647: 13641: 13639: 13633: 13632: 13630: 13629: 13628: 13627: 13622: 13617: 13612: 13607: 13602: 13597: 13592: 13580: 13575: 13568: 13561: 13559:Historiography 13556: 13551: 13546: 13541: 13535: 13533: 13531: 13530: 13525: 13519: 13516: 13515: 13513: 13512: 13505: 13498: 13491: 13484: 13476: 13474: 13468: 13467: 13465: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13447: 13442: 13437: 13432: 13431: 13430: 13420: 13413: 13412: 13411: 13400: 13398: 13388: 13387: 13380: 13377: 13376: 13368: 13367: 13360: 13353: 13345: 13336: 13335: 13329: 13326: 13325: 13322: 13321: 13319: 13318: 13312: 13311: 13310: 13309:(River or sea) 13304: 13291: 13289: 13285: 13284: 13281: 13280: 13278: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13257: 13247: 13246: 13245: 13235: 13221: 13219: 13213: 13212: 13210: 13209: 13208: 13207: 13199: 13189: 13179: 13169: 13159: 13153: 13142: 13140: 13133: 13127: 13121: 13115: 13109: 13103: 13101: 13097: 13096: 13094: 13093: 13092: 13091: 13079: 13078: 13077: 13065: 13054: 13052: 13046: 13045: 13042: 13041: 13038: 13037: 13035: 13034: 13029: 13024: 13018: 13016: 13012: 13011: 13009: 13008: 13003: 12998: 12993: 12988: 12982: 12980: 12976: 12975: 12973: 12972: 12961: 12955: 12953: 12946: 12945: 12929: 12925: 12923: 12914: 12913: 12910: 12905: 12897: 12892: 12887: 12881: 12879: 12871: 12870: 12868: 12867: 12859: 12846: 12845: 12844: 12839: 12818: 12810: 12801: 12787: 12785: 12779: 12778: 12768: 12767: 12764: 12763: 12760: 12759: 12757: 12752: 12745: 12740: 12738: 12734: 12733: 12731: 12730: 12729: 12728: 12713: 12712: 12711: 12710: 12709: 12700: 12685: 12670: 12661: 12660: 12659: 12649:('The Night') 12644: 12643: 12642: 12636: 12624: 12605:('Praising'), 12576: 12574: 12573:or remembrance 12568: 12567: 12565: 12564: 12555: 12545: 12543: 12539: 12538: 12536: 12535: 12534: 12533: 12528: 12518: 12516: 12508: 12507: 12505: 12504: 12499: 12496: 12493: 12484: 12474: 12472: 12468: 12467: 12465: 12464: 12459: 12454: 12452:Battle of Uhud 12449: 12444: 12439: 12437:Battle of Badr 12434: 12424: 12422: 12412: 12411: 12409: 12408: 12403: 12397: 12385: 12380: 12376:Laylat al-Qadr 12372: 12368: 12365: 12364: 12354: 12353: 12350: 12349: 12347: 12346: 12340: 12337: 12331: 12326: 12321: 12316: 12311: 12303: 12294: 12291: 12286: 12285: 12284: 12283: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12268:Ghār ath-Thawr 12264: 12259: 12234: 12233: 12232: 12221: 12219: 12215: 12214: 12211: 12210: 12208: 12207: 12202: 12201: 12200: 12199: 12198: 12193: 12180: 12175: 12165: 12155: 12133: 12128: 12121: 12112: 12110: 12104: 12103: 12101: 12100: 12091:('Township of 12086: 12076: 12075: 12074: 12060: 12058: 12051: 12050: 12048: 12047: 12038: 12037: 12036: 12035: 12034: 12019:Al-Wādil-Ayman 12013:Valley of Tuwa 12001: 11999: 11991: 11990: 11988: 11987: 11982: 11981: 11980: 11958: 11957: 11956: 11954:Safa and Marwa 11951: 11943: 11933: 11924: 11909: 11904: 11899: 11891: 11882: 11869: 11868: 11867: 11848: 11846: 11833: 11832: 11829: 11819: 11814: 11804: 11802:Door of Hittah 11799: 11787: 11774: 11773: 11772: 11760: 11758: 11754: 11753: 11743: 11742: 11739: 11738: 11735: 11734: 11731: 11730: 11728: 11727: 11726: 11725: 11719: 11708: 11707: 11706: 11701: 11700: 11699: 11694: 11679: 11678: 11677: 11672: 11647: 11646: 11645: 11637: 11625: 11617: 11616: 11615: 11605: 11602:Ahl al-Dhimmah 11597: 11595: 11589: 11588: 11586: 11585: 11579: 11570: 11565: 11563:Iranian people 11560: 11555: 11550: 11545: 11539: 11533: 11531: 11525: 11524: 11521: 11520: 11517: 11516: 11514: 11513: 11510: 11509: 11508: 11503: 11498: 11488: 11485: 11484: 11483: 11478: 11473: 11464: 11462: 11452: 11451: 11449: 11448: 11447: 11446: 11430: 11425: 11424: 11423: 11408: 11403: 11396: 11394: 11376: 11375: 11373: 11372: 11367: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11338: 11337: 11326: 11325: 11324: 11323: 11322: 11316: 11303:Aṣḥāb Muḥammad 11295: 11290: 11285: 11276: 11275: 11274: 11271:Aṣḥāb al-Aykah 11268: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11241: 11233: 11225: 11217: 11210: 11204: 11193: 11192: 11191:Nation of Noah 11189: 11183: 11174: 11169: 11164: 11159: 11146: 11141: 11140: 11139: 11124: 11114: 11113: 11112: 11109: 11100: 11098: 11090: 11089: 11079: 11078: 11075: 11074: 11071: 11070: 11068: 11067: 11062: 11059: 11054: 11049: 11046: 11043:Caleb or Kaleb 11040: 11035: 11030: 11025: 11019: 11017: 11011: 11010: 11008: 11007: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10985: 10979: 10974: 10964: 10953: 10951: 10947: 10946: 10943: 10942: 10940: 10939: 10934: 10929: 10924: 10919: 10914: 10913: 10912: 10907: 10893: 10886: 10884: 10878: 10877: 10875: 10874: 10869: 10868: 10867: 10856: 10850: 10837: 10825: 10823: 10814: 10813: 10807: 10806: 10805: 10800: 10798:Queen of Sheba 10795: 10787: 10786: 10785: 10780: 10775: 10765: 10764: 10763: 10761:Isaac's mother 10758: 10753: 10747: 10744: 10743: 10742: 10739: 10731: 10726: 10725: 10724: 10719: 10710: 10708: 10700: 10699: 10689: 10688: 10685: 10684: 10681: 10680: 10678: 10677: 10674:Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn 10671: 10661: 10654: 10652: 10648: 10647: 10644: 10643: 10641: 10640: 10626: 10616: 10611: 10605: 10603: 10602:Debatable ones 10599: 10598: 10596: 10595: 10585: 10584:Friend of God) 10575: 10565: 10564: 10563: 10557: 10537: 10536: 10535: 10529: 10518: 10516: 10511:('Those of the 10499: 10498: 10488: 10478: 10477: 10476: 10470: 10446: 10445: 10444: 10431: 10421: 10410: 10400: 10390: 10385: 10375: 10374: 10373: 10358: 10348: 10342: 10336: 10326: 10320: 10314: 10308: 10298: 10288: 10278: 10267: 10265: 10257: 10256: 10244: 10243: 10240: 10239: 10236: 10235: 10233: 10232: 10225: 10213: 10211: 10207: 10206: 10204: 10203: 10195: 10179: 10177: 10164: 10163: 10161: 10160: 10153: 10145: 10138: 10130: 10128: 10119: 10118: 10115: 10114: 10112: 10111: 10105: 10097: 10086: 10085: 10084: 10083: 10082: 10072: 10069:Ar-Rūḥ al-Amīn 10051: 10049: 10038: 10037: 10032: 10031: 10030: 10025: 10014: 10009: 10004: 10003: 10002: 9995: 9986: 9984: 9971: 9970: 9967: 9966: 9964: 9963: 9951: 9939: 9929: 9919: 9908: 9906: 9902: 9901: 9899: 9898: 9889: 9880: 9871: 9861: 9848: 9838: 9825: 9816: 9806: 9804: 9797: 9789: 9788: 9786: 9785: 9784: 9783: 9758: 9755: 9754: 9744: 9743: 9731: 9730: 9722: 9721: 9714: 9707: 9699: 9693: 9692: 9679: 9661: 9660:External links 9658: 9656: 9655: 9619: 9613: 9597: 9591: 9579:Rahman, Fazlur 9575: 9569: 9552: 9546: 9533: 9527: 9512: 9506: 9489: 9483: 9468: 9462: 9456:. Open Court. 9448:Lewis, Bernard 9444: 9438: 9428:, ed. (1999). 9426:Kramer, Martin 9422: 9416: 9400: 9394: 9381: 9375: 9359: 9353: 9321: 9307: 9301: 9287:Arberry, A. J. 9283: 9271:(2): 243–251. 9255: 9253: 9250: 9248: 9247: 9241: 9228: 9222: 9206: 9200: 9185: 9179: 9166: 9160: 9147: 9141: 9128: 9122: 9109: 9103: 9090: 9066:978-0231101325 9065: 9048: 9042: 9025: 9019: 9006: 9000: 8987: 8981: 8968: 8962: 8949: 8921: 8915: 8902: 8896: 8883: 8877: 8861: 8848:978-0748637256 8847: 8834: 8828: 8813: 8807: 8794: 8777: 8771: 8758: 8752: 8738: 8736: 8733: 8731: 8730: 8699: 8663: 8634: 8604: 8590:. 2018-04-30. 8575: 8545: 8516: 8490: 8459: 8423: 8420:. p. 147. 8408: 8377: 8346: 8320: 8294: 8268: 8241: 8215: 8190: 8159: 8145: 8125: 8099: 8077: 8058:Jamal, Amany. 8047: 8017: 8000:978-0520204041 7999: 7973: 7960: 7930: 7923: 7902: 7895: 7871: 7864: 7846: 7839: 7819: 7793: 7753:(3): 343–355. 7730: 7704: 7677: 7645: 7614: 7587: 7581:978-0520917477 7580: 7560: 7526: 7496: 7490:978-0292773769 7489: 7470: 7463: 7421: 7401:(1): 126–129, 7380: 7368: 7358: 7340: 7328: 7313: 7301: 7286: 7274: 7262: 7250: 7218: 7206: 7194: 7182: 7180:, p. 5-6. 7170: 7158: 7139:humanrights.ge 7123: 7097: 7090: 7072: 7058: 7038: 7024: 7004: 6979: 6950: 6943: 6921: 6895: 6881: 6861: 6833: 6804: 6763: 6732: 6725: 6705: 6674: 6650: 6626: 6600: 6564: 6561:on 2016-05-01. 6540: 6513: 6487: 6467:"WVS Database" 6455: 6430: 6406: 6380: 6366:. 2017-03-21. 6351: 6337: 6317: 6310: 6279: 6249: 6220: 6190: 6180: 6156: 6111: 6102: 6088: 6068: 6037: 6025: 6013: 6001: 5989: 5977: 5962: 5947: 5932: 5920: 5908: 5896: 5884: 5869: 5858:on 11 May 2013 5843: 5831: 5819: 5807: 5792: 5781: 5760: 5739: 5724: 5709: 5697: 5668: 5662:978-1620321362 5661: 5653:Wipf and Stock 5637: 5634:on 2011-07-28. 5608: 5590: 5567: 5555: 5537: 5517: 5505: 5493: 5481: 5474: 5450: 5441: 5434: 5416: 5394: 5370: 5358: 5340: 5313: 5233: 5219:(5): 371–375. 5199: 5175: 5157: 5145: 5133: 5120: 5110: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5052: 5051: 5042: 5033: 5024: 5015: 5006: 4997: 4988: 4979: 4970: 4961: 4952: 4943: 4934: 4925: 4884: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4877: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4854: 4851: 4835:Middle Eastern 4800:, used by the 4789: 4786: 4755: 4752: 4721:Following the 4712:Friday prayers 4708:two explosions 4628: 4625: 4585: 4582: 4555: 4552: 4480: 4456: 4417:Islamic Center 4413:George W. Bush 4404: 4401: 4396:Southeast Asia 4342: 4339: 4325: 4322: 4295: 4292: 4269: 4266: 4223: 4222:Prayer leading 4220: 4218: 4215: 4209: 4206: 4190:health clinics 4185: 4182: 4150: 4147: 4112: 4109: 4002:Main article: 3999: 3996: 3952:, Saudi Arabia 3937: 3934: 3896: 3889: 3888: 3881: 3874: 3873: 3872: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3864: 3863: 3846: 3839: 3837: 3820: 3813: 3811: 3794: 3787: 3785: 3776:community, in 3767: 3760: 3758: 3741: 3734: 3732: 3722: 3715: 3546: 3543: 3525:figurative art 3523:Islam forbids 3366: 3363: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3348: 3343: 3342: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3321: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3290: 3277: 3276: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3255: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3233: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3211: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3189: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3167: 3166: 3163: 3160: 3158: 3145: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3123: 3122: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3101: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3079: 3078: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3057: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3048: 3035: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3013: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3004: 2991: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2947: 2946: 2943: 2940: 2938: 2925: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2903: 2902: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2881: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2859: 2858: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2837: 2836: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2815: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2793: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2771: 2770: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2749: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2740: 2727: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2705: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2683: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2661: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2639: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2617: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2608: 2595: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2573: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2562:United Kingdom 2551: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2529: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2485: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2463: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2454: 2441: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2353: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2331: 2330: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2309: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2287: 2286: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2265: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2243: 2242: 2239: 2236: 2234: 2221: 2220: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2199: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2177: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2155: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2124: 2111: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2089: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2067: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2057: 2056: 2050: 2049: 2039: 2036: 1990: 1987: 1945:Laylat al-Qadr 1844: 1841: 1792: 1789: 1781: 1778: 1747:Constantinople 1733:to Islam. The 1663: 1660: 1640:Eastern Europe 1495:pointed arches 1402:Ottoman Empire 1390:Umayyad Mosque 1378:Al-Aqsa Mosque 1355:Umayyad Mosque 1346: 1343: 1342: 1341: 1333:Al-Aqsa Mosque 1330: 1323: 1321: 1309: 1302: 1300: 1285: 1278: 1276: 1249: 1242: 1230:Umayyad period 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1042:), or Spanish 990: 987: 937:al-Aqsa Mosque 702: 701: 699: 698: 691: 684: 676: 673: 672: 671: 670: 655: 654: 651: 650: 644: 643: 642: 641: 636: 631: 626: 616: 611: 610: 609: 604: 594: 589: 584: 578: 577: 576: 575: 570: 565: 557: 556: 551: 545: 542:Related topics 540: 539: 536: 535: 532: 531: 526: 524:Social welfare 521: 516: 515: 514: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 474: 469: 464: 459: 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 419: 418: 417: 412: 402: 401: 400: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 354: 345: 344: 341: 340: 337: 336: 331: 326: 321: 316: 310: 309: 302: 295: 287: 286: 281: 275: 270: 269: 266: 265: 262: 261: 253: 244: 243: 237: 229: 221: 212: 211: 191: 183: 180: 179: 174: 168: 167: 166: 163: 162: 159: 158: 153: 148: 142: 141: 136: 130: 125: 124: 121: 120: 117: 116: 114:Predestination 110: 109: 104: 98: 97: 95:Revealed Books 92: 86: 85: 75: 70: 69: 66: 65: 57: 56: 50: 49: 36:Musjid (horse) 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 17860: 17849: 17846: 17844: 17841: 17839: 17836: 17834: 17831: 17829: 17826: 17825: 17823: 17813: 17808: 17803: 17801: 17796: 17791: 17789: 17779: 17777: 17772: 17767: 17765: 17755: 17753: 17748: 17743: 17742: 17739: 17727: 17722: 17714: 17711: 17710: 17709: 17706: 17702: 17699: 17697: 17694: 17693: 17692: 17689: 17687: 17684: 17682: 17679: 17677: 17674: 17672: 17669: 17667: 17664: 17663: 17661: 17657: 17653: 17649: 17646: 17642: 17638: 17634: 17630: 17627: 17623: 17619: 17615: 17611: 17608: 17604: 17600: 17596: 17592: 17589: 17585: 17581: 17575: 17572: 17570: 17567: 17566: 17564: 17561: 17557: 17553: 17549: 17545: 17541: 17538: 17534: 17530: 17524: 17521: 17519: 17516: 17514: 17511: 17510: 17508: 17505: 17501: 17497: 17493: 17489: 17486: 17482: 17478: 17474: 17470: 17467: 17463: 17459: 17453: 17450: 17448: 17445: 17444: 17442: 17439: 17435: 17431: 17427: 17423: 17420: 17416: 17412: 17406: 17403: 17401: 17398: 17396: 17393: 17391: 17388: 17386: 17383: 17381: 17378: 17377: 17375: 17372: 17368: 17364: 17360: 17356: 17353: 17349: 17345: 17341: 17334: 17329: 17327: 17322: 17320: 17315: 17314: 17311: 17299: 17296: 17294: 17291: 17289: 17286: 17284: 17281: 17279: 17276: 17274: 17271: 17269: 17266: 17264: 17261: 17259: 17256: 17254: 17251: 17249: 17246: 17244: 17241: 17239: 17236: 17234: 17231: 17229: 17226: 17225: 17223: 17219: 17213: 17210: 17208: 17205: 17203: 17200: 17198: 17195: 17193: 17190: 17188: 17185: 17183: 17180: 17178: 17175: 17173: 17170: 17168: 17165: 17163: 17160: 17158: 17155: 17153: 17150: 17148: 17145: 17143: 17140: 17138: 17135: 17133: 17130: 17128: 17125: 17123: 17120: 17118: 17115: 17113: 17112:Jama'at Khana 17110: 17108: 17105: 17103: 17100: 17098: 17095: 17093: 17090: 17088: 17087:Datuk Keramat 17085: 17083: 17080: 17078: 17075: 17074: 17072: 17068: 17062: 17061:Sufi whirling 17059: 17057: 17054: 17052: 17049: 17047: 17044: 17042: 17039: 17037: 17034: 17032: 17029: 17027: 17024: 17022: 17019: 17017: 17014: 17012: 17009: 17007: 17004: 17002: 16999: 16997: 16994: 16992: 16989: 16985: 16980: 16977: 16976: 16974: 16970: 16964: 16961: 16959: 16956: 16954: 16951: 16949: 16946: 16944: 16941: 16939: 16936: 16934: 16931: 16927: 16922: 16919: 16917: 16914: 16912: 16909: 16907: 16904: 16902: 16899: 16897: 16894: 16892: 16889: 16887: 16884: 16882: 16879: 16878: 16876: 16872: 16866: 16863: 16861: 16858: 16856: 16853: 16851: 16848: 16846: 16845:Antinomianism 16843: 16842: 16840: 16836: 16830: 16827: 16825: 16822: 16818: 16813: 16810: 16808: 16805: 16803: 16800: 16798: 16795: 16793: 16790: 16786: 16781: 16778: 16774: 16769: 16766: 16764: 16761: 16759: 16756: 16754: 16751: 16749: 16746: 16744: 16741: 16739: 16736: 16734: 16731: 16729: 16726: 16724: 16721: 16719: 16716: 16712: 16707: 16704: 16700: 16695: 16692: 16688: 16683: 16680: 16678: 16675: 16673: 16670: 16669: 16667: 16665: 16661: 16655: 16652: 16650: 16647: 16643: 16640: 16639: 16638: 16635: 16633: 16630: 16626: 16621: 16618: 16616: 16613: 16611: 16608: 16606: 16603: 16599: 16594: 16591: 16587: 16582: 16579: 16575: 16570: 16567: 16563: 16558: 16555: 16553: 16550: 16548: 16545: 16543: 16540: 16536: 16531: 16528: 16524: 16519: 16516: 16514: 16511: 16509: 16506: 16502: 16497: 16494: 16492: 16489: 16487: 16484: 16482: 16479: 16477: 16474: 16472: 16469: 16467: 16464: 16460: 16455: 16452: 16448: 16443: 16440: 16438: 16435: 16431: 16426: 16423: 16419: 16414: 16411: 16409: 16406: 16405: 16403: 16401: 16397: 16391: 16388: 16386: 16383: 16381: 16378: 16376: 16373: 16371: 16368: 16366: 16363: 16361: 16358: 16356: 16353: 16351: 16348: 16346: 16343: 16341: 16338: 16336: 16333: 16331: 16328: 16326: 16323: 16321: 16318: 16316: 16313: 16311: 16308: 16306: 16303: 16301: 16298: 16294: 16289: 16286: 16282: 16277: 16274: 16273: 16271: 16267: 16260: 16250: 16247: 16245: 16242: 16238: 16233: 16230: 16228: 16225: 16223: 16220: 16218: 16215: 16213: 16210: 16208: 16205: 16203: 16200: 16198: 16195: 16193: 16190: 16188: 16185: 16183: 16180: 16178: 16175: 16173: 16170: 16166: 16161: 16158: 16156: 16153: 16151: 16148: 16146: 16143: 16139: 16134: 16131: 16129: 16126: 16124: 16121: 16119: 16116: 16114: 16111: 16109: 16106: 16104: 16101: 16099: 16096: 16094: 16091: 16089: 16086: 16084: 16081: 16079: 16078:Ahl al-Khutwa 16076: 16074: 16071: 16070: 16068: 16064: 16059: 16052: 16047: 16045: 16040: 16038: 16033: 16032: 16029: 16019: 16018: 16006: 16005: 16000: 15993: 15987: 15981: 15978: 15976: 15973: 15971: 15968: 15966: 15963: 15961: 15958: 15956: 15953: 15951: 15948: 15946: 15943: 15941: 15938: 15937: 15935: 15931: 15925: 15922: 15920: 15917: 15915: 15912: 15910: 15907: 15906: 15904: 15900: 15894: 15891: 15889: 15886: 15884: 15881: 15880: 15878: 15874: 15864: 15861: 15859: 15856: 15854: 15851: 15849: 15846: 15844: 15841: 15839: 15836: 15834: 15831: 15830: 15828: 15824: 15818: 15815: 15813: 15810: 15808: 15805: 15803: 15800: 15798: 15795: 15793: 15792:Hasht-Bihisht 15790: 15788: 15785: 15783: 15780: 15778: 15775: 15773: 15770: 15768: 15765: 15763: 15760: 15759: 15757: 15753: 15747: 15744: 15742: 15739: 15736: 15732: 15729: 15727: 15724: 15722: 15719: 15717: 15714: 15712: 15709: 15707: 15704: 15702: 15699: 15697: 15694: 15692: 15689: 15687: 15684: 15682: 15679: 15677: 15674: 15672: 15669: 15667: 15666:Jama'at Khana 15664: 15662: 15659: 15657: 15654: 15652: 15649: 15647: 15644: 15643: 15641: 15637: 15634: 15630: 15620: 15617: 15615: 15612: 15610: 15607: 15605: 15602: 15599: 15596: 15594: 15591: 15589: 15586: 15584: 15581: 15579: 15576: 15573: 15570: 15568: 15565: 15564: 15562: 15556: 15550: 15547: 15545: 15542: 15540: 15537: 15535: 15532: 15530: 15527: 15525: 15522: 15521: 15519: 15513: 15507: 15504: 15502: 15499: 15497: 15494: 15492: 15489: 15487: 15486:Mughal garden 15484: 15482: 15479: 15477: 15474: 15472: 15469: 15468: 15466: 15462: 15456: 15453: 15451: 15448: 15446: 15443: 15441: 15438: 15435: 15432: 15430: 15427: 15425: 15422: 15420: 15417: 15416: 15414: 15410: 15404: 15401: 15399: 15396: 15394: 15391: 15389: 15386: 15384: 15381: 15379: 15376: 15374: 15371: 15369: 15366: 15364: 15361: 15359: 15356: 15354: 15351: 15349: 15346: 15344: 15341: 15339: 15336: 15334: 15331: 15329: 15326: 15324: 15321: 15319: 15316: 15314: 15311: 15308: 15305: 15302: 15299: 15295: 15294: 15292: 15288: 15282: 15279: 15277: 15274: 15272: 15269: 15267: 15264: 15262: 15259: 15257: 15254: 15252: 15249: 15247: 15244: 15242: 15239: 15237: 15234: 15232: 15229: 15226: 15223: 15221: 15218: 15216: 15213: 15212: 15210: 15204: 15197: 15194: 15192: 15189: 15187: 15184: 15181: 15177: 15173: 15169: 15165: 15162: 15161: 15159: 15155: 15149: 15146: 15144: 15141: 15139: 15136: 15134: 15131: 15129: 15126: 15124: 15121: 15119: 15116: 15114: 15111: 15109: 15106: 15103: 15100: 15099: 15097: 15093: 15088: 15078: 15075: 15073: 15070: 15069: 15067: 15063: 15060: 15056: 15050: 15047: 15045: 15042: 15040: 15037: 15035: 15032: 15030: 15027: 15025: 15022: 15020: 15017: 15015: 15012: 15008: 15005: 15003: 15000: 14998: 14995: 14993: 14990: 14988: 14985: 14984: 14983: 14980: 14978: 14975: 14973: 14970: 14968: 14964: 14961: 14957: 14954: 14952: 14949: 14947: 14944: 14942: 14939: 14938: 14937: 14934: 14932: 14929: 14927: 14924: 14922: 14919: 14917: 14914: 14912: 14909: 14907: 14904: 14902: 14899: 14898: 14896: 14892: 14888: 14881: 14876: 14874: 14869: 14867: 14862: 14861: 14858: 14846: 14838: 14836: 14826: 14825: 14822: 14808: 14805: 14803: 14800: 14798: 14795: 14793: 14790: 14788: 14785: 14783: 14780: 14778: 14775: 14773: 14770: 14766: 14763: 14762: 14761: 14758: 14754: 14751: 14749: 14748:Post-Islamism 14746: 14744: 14741: 14740: 14739: 14736: 14734: 14731: 14727: 14724: 14722: 14719: 14718: 14717: 14714: 14713: 14711: 14707: 14701: 14698: 14696: 14693: 14691: 14688: 14686: 14683: 14682: 14680: 14678: 14674: 14668: 14665: 14663: 14660: 14658: 14655: 14653: 14650: 14648: 14645: 14641: 14640:Protestantism 14638: 14636: 14633: 14631: 14628: 14627: 14626: 14623: 14622: 14620: 14618: 14614: 14610: 14600: 14596: 14582: 14579: 14577: 14576: 14572: 14570: 14567: 14563: 14560: 14559: 14558: 14555: 14553: 14550: 14548: 14545: 14543: 14540: 14538: 14535: 14533: 14530: 14529: 14527: 14523: 14517: 14514: 14512: 14509: 14507: 14504: 14502: 14499: 14498: 14496: 14494: 14490: 14484: 14481: 14479: 14478:Ophthalmology 14476: 14474: 14471: 14469: 14466: 14464: 14461: 14459: 14456: 14454: 14451: 14449: 14446: 14445: 14443: 14441: 14437: 14431: 14428: 14426: 14423: 14421: 14418: 14416: 14413: 14411: 14408: 14406: 14403: 14401: 14398: 14396: 14393: 14392: 14390: 14388: 14384: 14380: 14376: 14368: 14364: 14350: 14347: 14343: 14342: 14338: 14337: 14336: 14333: 14331: 14328: 14326: 14323: 14319: 14316: 14315: 14314: 14311: 14309: 14308: 14304: 14302: 14299: 14297: 14296: 14292: 14290: 14287: 14285: 14284: 14280: 14278: 14275: 14273: 14270: 14268: 14265: 14263: 14260: 14258: 14255: 14253: 14250: 14248: 14245: 14243: 14242: 14238: 14236: 14235: 14231: 14227: 14226:Death penalty 14224: 14222: 14219: 14217: 14214: 14213: 14212: 14209: 14207: 14204: 14202: 14201: 14197: 14196: 14194: 14192:Other aspects 14190: 14184: 14183: 14179: 14177: 14176: 14172: 14170: 14169: 14165: 14163: 14162: 14158: 14156: 14155: 14151: 14149: 14148: 14144: 14142: 14141: 14137: 14136: 14134: 14129: 14126: 14124: 14121: 14119: 14116: 14115: 14112: 14106: 14105: 14101: 14099: 14096: 14094: 14093: 14089: 14087: 14086: 14082: 14080: 14079: 14075: 14073: 14072: 14068: 14067: 14065: 14063: 14059: 14053: 14052: 14048: 14046: 14045: 14041: 14039: 14038: 14034: 14032: 14031: 14027: 14025: 14022: 14020: 14017: 14016: 14014: 14012: 14008: 14004: 13997: 13996:Jurisprudence 13994: 13992: 13989: 13988: 13984: 13980: 13970: 13967: 13965: 13962: 13960: 13957: 13955: 13952: 13950: 13947: 13945: 13944: 13940: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13930: 13928: 13925: 13923: 13920: 13918: 13915: 13913: 13910: 13908: 13905: 13903: 13900: 13898: 13895: 13893: 13890: 13888: 13885: 13883: 13880: 13878: 13875: 13873: 13870: 13869: 13867: 13862: 13859: 13857: 13854: 13853: 13850: 13844: 13841: 13839: 13836: 13832: 13829: 13828: 13827: 13824: 13822: 13819: 13815: 13812: 13808: 13805: 13801: 13798: 13796: 13793: 13791: 13788: 13787: 13786: 13783: 13782: 13780: 13778: 13775: 13774: 13773: 13769: 13766: 13762: 13759: 13755: 13752: 13751: 13750: 13747: 13745: 13742: 13740: 13737: 13735: 13732: 13731: 13730: 13727: 13725: 13722: 13716: 13713: 13712: 13711: 13708: 13706: 13703: 13701: 13698: 13696: 13693: 13691: 13688: 13687: 13686: 13683: 13682: 13680: 13678: 13677:Denominations 13674: 13668: 13667: 13663: 13661: 13658: 13656: 13653: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13642: 13640: 13638: 13634: 13626: 13623: 13621: 13618: 13616: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13596: 13593: 13591: 13590: 13586: 13585: 13584: 13581: 13579: 13576: 13574: 13573: 13569: 13567: 13566: 13562: 13560: 13557: 13555: 13552: 13550: 13547: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13536: 13534: 13529: 13526: 13524: 13521: 13520: 13517: 13511: 13510: 13506: 13504: 13503: 13499: 13497: 13496: 13492: 13490: 13489: 13485: 13483: 13482: 13478: 13477: 13475: 13473: 13469: 13463: 13462:Holiest sites 13460: 13458: 13457:Judgement Day 13455: 13453: 13452: 13448: 13446: 13443: 13441: 13438: 13436: 13433: 13429: 13426: 13425: 13424: 13421: 13419: 13418: 13414: 13410: 13407: 13406: 13405: 13402: 13401: 13399: 13397: 13393: 13389: 13385: 13384: 13378: 13373: 13366: 13361: 13359: 13354: 13352: 13347: 13346: 13343: 13332: 13327: 13316: 13313: 13308: 13305: 13302: 13299: 13298: 13296: 13293: 13292: 13290: 13286: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13265: 13261: 13258: 13255: 13251: 13248: 13243: 13239: 13236: 13233: 13229: 13226: 13225: 13223: 13222: 13220: 13216:Bushes, trees 13214: 13206: 13203: 13202: 13200: 13197: 13193: 13190: 13187: 13183: 13180: 13177: 13173: 13170: 13167: 13163: 13160: 13157: 13154: 13151: 13147: 13144: 13143: 13141: 13137: 13131: 13128: 13125: 13122: 13119: 13116: 13113: 13110: 13107: 13104: 13102: 13098: 13089: 13086: 13085: 13083: 13080: 13075: 13072: 13071: 13069: 13066: 13063: 13060: 13059: 13057: 13053: 13047: 13033: 13030: 13028: 13025: 13023: 13020: 13019: 13017: 13013: 13007: 13004: 13002: 12999: 12997: 12994: 12992: 12989: 12987: 12984: 12983: 12981: 12977: 12970: 12966: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12956: 12954: 12952:Of Israelites 12950: 12943: 12939: 12938: 12933: 12930: 12927: 12926: 12924: 12922:(cult images) 12918: 12911: 12909: 12906: 12903: 12902: 12898: 12896: 12895:Staff of Musa 12893: 12891: 12888: 12886: 12883: 12882: 12880: 12872: 12865: 12864: 12860: 12857: 12853: 12852: 12847: 12843: 12840: 12837: 12836: 12832: 12831: 12829: 12825: 12824: 12819: 12816: 12815: 12811: 12808: 12807: 12802: 12799: 12795: 12794: 12789: 12788: 12786: 12784: 12780: 12773: 12769: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12750: 12746: 12744: 12741: 12739: 12735: 12726: 12725: 12720: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12707: 12706: 12701: 12698: 12695: 12694: 12692: 12691: 12686: 12683: 12682: 12677: 12676: 12674: 12671: 12668: 12667: 12662: 12657: 12656: 12651: 12650: 12648: 12645: 12640: 12637: 12634: 12631: 12630: 12628: 12625: 12622: 12619: 12618: 12616: 12615: 12610: 12609: 12604: 12603: 12598: 12597: 12592: 12591: 12586: 12582: 12581: 12575: 12569: 12562: 12561: 12556: 12553: 12552: 12547: 12546: 12544: 12540: 12532: 12529: 12526: 12523: 12522: 12520: 12519: 12517: 12515: 12511:Months of the 12509: 12503: 12500: 12497: 12494: 12491: 12490: 12485: 12482: 12481: 12476: 12475: 12473: 12469: 12463: 12460: 12458: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12432: 12431: 12426: 12425: 12423: 12417: 12413: 12407: 12404: 12402: 12398: 12395: 12391: 12390: 12389:Sayl al-ʿArim 12386: 12384: 12381: 12378: 12377: 12373: 12370: 12369: 12366: 12359: 12355: 12345: 12341: 12338: 12335: 12332: 12330: 12327: 12325: 12322: 12320: 12317: 12315: 12312: 12310:(Mesopotamia) 12309: 12308: 12304: 12302: 12298: 12295: 12292: 12290: 12287: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12270: 12269: 12265: 12263: 12260: 12258: 12257: 12252: 12251: 12247: 12246: 12244: 12243: 12238: 12237: 12235: 12231: 12228: 12227: 12226: 12223: 12222: 12220: 12216: 12206: 12203: 12197: 12194: 12191: 12187: 12184: 12183: 12181: 12179: 12176: 12173: 12172:Sacred Mosque 12169: 12166: 12163: 12159: 12156: 12153: 12152: 12148: 12147: 12145: 12141: 12137: 12134: 12132: 12129: 12127: 12126: 12122: 12119: 12118: 12114: 12113: 12111: 12105: 12098: 12094: 12090: 12087: 12084: 12080: 12077: 12072: 12071: 12067: 12066: 12065: 12062: 12061: 12059: 12057: 12052: 12046: 12042: 12039: 12032: 12031: 12027: 12026: 12024: 12020: 12017: 12016: 12014: 12010: 12008: 12003: 12002: 12000: 11998:or Tīh Desert 11996: 11992: 11986: 11983: 11978: 11974: 11971: 11970: 11968: 11964: 11963: 11959: 11955: 11952: 11949: 11948: 11947:Maqām Ibrāhīm 11944: 11941: 11937: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11925: 11923: 11920: 11919: 11917: 11913: 11910: 11908: 11905: 11903: 11900: 11897: 11896: 11892: 11890: 11886: 11883: 11880: 11876: 11875: 11870: 11865: 11861: 11858: 11857: 11855: 11854: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11843: 11837: 11830: 11827: 11823: 11820: 11818: 11815: 11812: 11808: 11805: 11803: 11800: 11797: 11793: 11792: 11788: 11785: 11781: 11780: 11775: 11770: 11769: 11767: 11766: 11762: 11761: 11759: 11755: 11748: 11744: 11723: 11720: 11717: 11714: 11713: 11712: 11709: 11705: 11702: 11698: 11697:Rabbani/Rabbi 11695: 11693: 11690: 11689: 11687: 11683: 11680: 11676: 11673: 11671: 11668: 11667: 11665: 11661: 11658: 11657: 11655: 11651: 11648: 11643: 11642: 11641: 11638: 11635: 11631: 11630: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11618: 11613: 11612: 11611: 11610: 11606: 11604: 11603: 11599: 11598: 11596: 11590: 11584: 11580: 11578: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11559: 11556: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11543: 11540: 11538: 11535: 11534: 11532: 11526: 11511: 11507: 11504: 11502: 11499: 11497: 11494: 11493: 11492: 11489: 11486: 11482: 11479: 11477: 11474: 11472: 11469: 11468: 11466: 11465: 11463: 11457: 11453: 11444: 11440: 11439:Aṣḥāb al-Ḥijr 11437: 11436: 11434: 11431: 11429: 11426: 11422: 11419: 11418: 11416: 11412: 11409: 11407: 11404: 11401: 11398: 11397: 11395: 11392: 11387: 11383: 11382: 11377: 11371: 11368: 11365: 11364: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11336: 11333: 11332: 11331: 11327: 11320: 11317: 11314: 11311: 11310: 11308: 11304: 11301: 11300: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11289: 11286: 11283: 11282: 11277: 11272: 11269: 11266: 11263: 11260: 11259: 11257: 11255: 11254:People of Nuh 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11239: 11238: 11234: 11231: 11230: 11226: 11223: 11222: 11218: 11216: 11212: 11211: 11208: 11205: 11197: 11190: 11187: 11184: 11182: 11178: 11175: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11158: 11154: 11150: 11147: 11145: 11142: 11137: 11133: 11130: 11129: 11128: 11125: 11122: 11118: 11117:Aṣḥāb as-Sabt 11115: 11110: 11107: 11106: 11105: 11102: 11101: 11099: 11095: 11091: 11084: 11080: 11066: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11047: 11044: 11041: 11039: 11036: 11034: 11033:Bal'am/Balaam 11031: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11020: 11018: 11016:not specified 11012: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10989: 10986: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10972: 10968: 10965: 10962: 10958: 10955: 10954: 10952: 10948: 10938: 10935: 10933: 10930: 10928: 10925: 10923: 10920: 10918: 10915: 10911: 10908: 10905: 10901: 10897: 10894: 10891: 10890: 10888: 10887: 10885: 10879: 10873: 10870: 10865: 10861: 10857: 10854: 10851: 10848: 10844: 10841: 10840: 10838: 10835: 10831: 10827: 10826: 10824: 10818: 10811: 10808: 10804: 10801: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10791: 10790: 10788: 10784: 10781: 10779: 10778:Mary's mother 10776: 10773: 10769: 10768: 10766: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10751: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10740: 10738: 10737:Father Lamech 10735: 10734: 10732: 10730: 10727: 10723: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10714: 10712: 10711: 10709: 10705: 10701: 10694: 10690: 10675: 10672: 10669: 10665: 10662: 10659: 10656: 10655: 10653: 10649: 10638: 10634: 10630: 10627: 10624: 10620: 10617: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10606: 10604: 10600: 10593: 10589: 10586: 10583: 10579: 10576: 10573: 10569: 10566: 10562:(Son of Mary) 10561: 10558: 10555: 10551: 10548: 10547: 10545: 10541: 10538: 10534: 10530: 10528: 10525: 10524: 10523: 10520: 10519: 10517: 10509: 10508: 10503: 10496: 10492: 10489: 10487:son of Jacob) 10486: 10482: 10479: 10474: 10471: 10468: 10464: 10460: 10457: 10456: 10454: 10450: 10447: 10442: 10441: 10439: 10435: 10432: 10429: 10425: 10422: 10419: 10415: 10411: 10409:son of David) 10408: 10404: 10401: 10398: 10394: 10391: 10389: 10386: 10383: 10379: 10376: 10372: 10369: 10368: 10366: 10362: 10359: 10356: 10352: 10349: 10346: 10343: 10340: 10337: 10334: 10330: 10327: 10324: 10321: 10318: 10315: 10312: 10309: 10306: 10302: 10299: 10296: 10292: 10289: 10286: 10282: 10279: 10276: 10272: 10269: 10268: 10266: 10262: 10258: 10254: 10249: 10245: 10231: 10230: 10226: 10224: 10220: 10219: 10215: 10214: 10212: 10208: 10201: 10200: 10196: 10193: 10190:(the (chief) 10189: 10188: 10184: 10181: 10180: 10178: 10175: 10171: 10170: 10165: 10159: 10158: 10154: 10151: 10150: 10146: 10144: 10143: 10139: 10137: 10136: 10132: 10131: 10129: 10126: 10125: 10120: 10109: 10106: 10103: 10102: 10098: 10095: 10091: 10087: 10080: 10076: 10073: 10070: 10067: 10066: 10064: 10063: 10059: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10052: 10050: 10048: 10047: 10042: 10036: 10033: 10029: 10026: 10024: 10021: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10001: 10000: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9990: 9988: 9987: 9985: 9982: 9978: 9977: 9972: 9961: 9957: 9956: 9952: 9949: 9945: 9944: 9940: 9937: 9933: 9930: 9927: 9923: 9922:Dābbat al-Arḍ 9920: 9917: 9913: 9910: 9909: 9907: 9903: 9896: 9895: 9890: 9887: 9886: 9881: 9878: 9877: 9872: 9870: 9867:(dog) of the 9866: 9862: 9859: 9855: 9854: 9849: 9846: 9842: 9839: 9836: 9832: 9831: 9826: 9823: 9822: 9817: 9814: 9813: 9808: 9807: 9805: 9801: 9798: 9794: 9790: 9781: 9777: 9773: 9770: 9769: 9767: 9763: 9760: 9759: 9756: 9749: 9745: 9741: 9736: 9732: 9728: 9720: 9715: 9713: 9708: 9706: 9701: 9700: 9697: 9690: 9686: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9674: 9670: 9667: 9664: 9663: 9652: 9646: 9631: 9627: 9626: 9620: 9616: 9610: 9606: 9602: 9598: 9594: 9588: 9584: 9580: 9576: 9572: 9566: 9561: 9560: 9553: 9549: 9543: 9539: 9534: 9530: 9524: 9520: 9519: 9513: 9509: 9503: 9498: 9497: 9490: 9486: 9480: 9476: 9475: 9469: 9465: 9459: 9455: 9454: 9449: 9445: 9441: 9435: 9431: 9427: 9423: 9419: 9413: 9409: 9405: 9401: 9397: 9391: 9387: 9382: 9378: 9372: 9369:. Routledge. 9368: 9364: 9360: 9356: 9354:9780520323803 9350: 9346: 9342: 9338: 9334: 9330: 9326: 9322: 9320: 9316: 9312: 9308: 9304: 9298: 9294: 9293: 9288: 9284: 9279: 9274: 9270: 9266: 9262: 9257: 9256: 9244: 9242:9789835201318 9238: 9234: 9229: 9225: 9223:9780271042725 9219: 9215: 9211: 9207: 9203: 9197: 9194:. Routledge. 9193: 9192: 9186: 9182: 9180:9780415937283 9176: 9172: 9167: 9163: 9161:9789004205161 9157: 9153: 9148: 9144: 9142:9780700703401 9138: 9134: 9129: 9125: 9123:9789004070844 9119: 9115: 9110: 9106: 9104:9789004038134 9100: 9096: 9091: 9080: 9076: 9072: 9068: 9062: 9057: 9056: 9049: 9045: 9039: 9034: 9033: 9026: 9022: 9020:9789004116382 9016: 9012: 9007: 9003: 9001:9781565643505 8997: 8993: 8988: 8984: 8982:9780275976798 8978: 8974: 8969: 8965: 8959: 8955: 8950: 8940:on 2006-03-22 8939: 8935: 8931: 8927: 8922: 8918: 8916:9781438109077 8912: 8908: 8903: 8899: 8897:9789059724372 8893: 8889: 8884: 8880: 8878:9780486149530 8874: 8870: 8866: 8862: 8858: 8854: 8850: 8844: 8840: 8835: 8831: 8829:9780195309911 8825: 8821: 8820: 8814: 8810: 8808:9781426203367 8804: 8800: 8795: 8791: 8787: 8783: 8778: 8774: 8768: 8764: 8759: 8755: 8753:9780415285254 8749: 8745: 8740: 8739: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8703: 8687: 8683: 8679: 8672: 8670: 8668: 8651: 8647: 8641: 8639: 8622: 8618: 8614: 8608: 8593: 8589: 8585: 8579: 8564: 8560: 8556: 8549: 8534: 8530: 8526: 8520: 8504: 8500: 8494: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8463: 8447: 8443: 8439: 8432: 8430: 8428: 8419: 8412: 8396: 8392: 8388: 8381: 8365: 8361: 8357: 8350: 8334: 8330: 8324: 8308: 8304: 8298: 8282: 8278: 8272: 8256: 8252: 8245: 8229: 8225: 8219: 8203: 8202: 8194: 8178: 8174: 8170: 8163: 8148: 8142: 8138: 8137: 8129: 8114: 8110: 8103: 8095: 8091: 8084: 8082: 8065: 8061: 8054: 8052: 8035: 8031: 8027: 8021: 8014: 8002: 7996: 7991: 7990: 7984: 7977: 7970: 7964: 7949: 7945: 7941: 7934: 7926: 7920: 7916: 7912: 7906: 7898: 7892: 7888: 7884: 7883: 7875: 7867: 7861: 7857: 7850: 7842: 7836: 7832: 7831: 7823: 7807: 7803: 7797: 7791: 7787: 7783: 7780: 7764: 7760: 7756: 7752: 7748: 7741: 7734: 7723:September 22, 7718: 7714: 7708: 7692: 7688: 7681: 7673: 7660: 7656: 7649: 7633: 7629: 7625: 7618: 7602: 7598: 7591: 7583: 7577: 7573: 7572: 7564: 7545: 7541: 7537: 7530: 7514: 7510: 7506: 7500: 7492: 7486: 7482: 7481: 7474: 7466: 7460: 7456: 7452: 7448: 7442: 7440: 7438: 7436: 7434: 7432: 7430: 7428: 7426: 7418: 7414: 7409: 7404: 7400: 7396: 7395: 7387: 7385: 7378:, p. 256 7377: 7372: 7365: 7361: 7355: 7351: 7344: 7337: 7332: 7326: 7322: 7317: 7310: 7305: 7298: 7297:Petersen 1996 7293: 7291: 7283: 7278: 7271: 7266: 7259: 7254: 7246: 7242: 7238: 7234: 7233: 7228: 7222: 7215: 7210: 7203: 7198: 7191: 7186: 7179: 7174: 7167: 7162: 7144: 7140: 7133: 7127: 7111: 7107: 7101: 7093: 7087: 7083: 7076: 7061: 7055: 7051: 7050: 7042: 7027: 7021: 7017: 7016: 7008: 6994:on 2011-10-19 6993: 6989: 6983: 6967: 6963: 6957: 6955: 6946: 6940: 6936: 6932: 6925: 6909: 6905: 6899: 6884: 6878: 6874: 6873: 6865: 6850: 6846: 6840: 6838: 6821: 6817: 6811: 6809: 6789: 6785: 6784: 6776: 6770: 6768: 6751: 6747: 6743: 6736: 6728: 6726:9783205783107 6722: 6718: 6717: 6709: 6695:on 2017-09-15 6691: 6684: 6678: 6667: 6660: 6654: 6643: 6636: 6630: 6614: 6610: 6604: 6590:on 2013-05-13 6586: 6579: 6573: 6571: 6569: 6557: 6550: 6544: 6533: 6526: 6520: 6518: 6501: 6497: 6491: 6476: 6472: 6468: 6462: 6460: 6445:on 2020-10-03 6444: 6440: 6434: 6423: 6416: 6410: 6394: 6390: 6384: 6369: 6365: 6361: 6355: 6340: 6334: 6330: 6329: 6321: 6313: 6307: 6303: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6290: 6288: 6286: 6284: 6267: 6263: 6259: 6253: 6238: 6234: 6230: 6224: 6208: 6204: 6200: 6194: 6187: 6183: 6177: 6173: 6169: 6168: 6160: 6152: 6148: 6144: 6142: 6137: 6133: 6132:C.E. Bosworth 6126: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6118: 6116: 6109:Houtsma p. 21 6106: 6091: 6085: 6081: 6080: 6072: 6056: 6052: 6048: 6041: 6034: 6029: 6023:, p. 193 6022: 6017: 6010: 6005: 5998: 5993: 5987:, p. 281 5986: 5981: 5975:, p. 439 5974: 5969: 5967: 5960:, p. 109 5959: 5954: 5952: 5944: 5939: 5937: 5930:, p. 202 5929: 5924: 5918:, p. 187 5917: 5912: 5906:, p. 182 5905: 5900: 5893: 5888: 5881: 5876: 5874: 5857: 5853: 5847: 5840: 5835: 5828: 5823: 5817:, p. 610 5816: 5811: 5804: 5803:Petersen 1996 5799: 5797: 5789: 5784: 5782:9789004161658 5778: 5774: 5767: 5765: 5757: 5753: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5736: 5735:Petersen 1996 5731: 5729: 5721: 5716: 5714: 5707:, p. 241 5706: 5701: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5672: 5664: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5649: 5641: 5630: 5626: 5619: 5612: 5597: 5593: 5587: 5583: 5582: 5574: 5572: 5564: 5559: 5544: 5540: 5534: 5530: 5529: 5521: 5515: 5509: 5503: 5497: 5491: 5485: 5477: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5462: 5454: 5445: 5437: 5431: 5427: 5420: 5413: 5401: 5397: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5382: 5374: 5368:, p. 135 5367: 5366:Tajuddin 1998 5362: 5347: 5343: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5328: 5323: 5317: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5250: 5247: 5243: 5237: 5222: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5203: 5195: 5188: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5171: 5164: 5162: 5154: 5149: 5142: 5137: 5130: 5124: 5114: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5091: 5089: 5087: 5085: 5083: 5081: 5079: 5077: 5075: 5073: 5071: 5066: 5046: 5037: 5028: 5019: 5010: 5001: 4992: 4983: 4974: 4965: 4956: 4947: 4938: 4929: 4918: 4902: 4894: 4889: 4885: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4869:Jama'at Khana 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4850: 4848: 4844: 4840: 4836: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4819: 4815: 4810: 4803: 4799: 4794: 4785: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4774:Islamic world 4770: 4768: 4767: 4766:Ain al-Yaqeen 4762: 4751: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4719: 4715: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4696: 4692: 4687: 4685: 4682:) as well as 4681: 4678:(present-day 4677: 4673: 4669: 4665: 4660: 4652: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4634: 4624: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4596: 4592: 4579: 4575: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4541: 4540:Masjid Negara 4535: 4534:for mosques. 4533: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4515: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4493:According to 4488: 4485: 4479: 4474: 4472: 4464: 4461: 4455: 4451: 4449: 4445: 4444:Sura At-Tawba 4441: 4436: 4434: 4430: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4409: 4400: 4397: 4393: 4388: 4385: 4380: 4379: 4370: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4338: 4336: 4332: 4324:Concentration 4321: 4315: 4311: 4310: 4305: 4302:that portray 4301: 4291: 4289: 4280: 4275: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4214: 4205: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4181: 4178: 4174: 4166: 4162: 4161: 4155: 4146: 4143: 4138: 4130: 4126: 4122: 4117: 4108: 4106: 4098: 4097: 4092: 4084: 4080: 4079: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4058: 4057: 4048: 4047: 4041: 4039: 4031: 4027: 4022: 4018: 4010: 4005: 3995: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3980: 3975: 3974: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3960: 3951: 3947: 3942: 3933: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3920:makfil/макфил 3915: 3914: 3909: 3900: 3893: 3885: 3878: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3843: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3817: 3812: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3791: 3786: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3774:Finnish Tatar 3771: 3764: 3759: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3743:Ottoman-style 3738: 3733: 3730: 3726: 3719: 3714: 3713: 3712: 3710: 3701: 3700: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3665: 3664: 3659: 3655: 3654: 3649: 3645: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3614: 3608: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3593: 3591: 3590: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3576: 3571: 3566: 3564: 3556: 3552: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3535: 3530: 3526: 3521: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3495:Persian style 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3471: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3434: 3429: 3425: 3423: 3422: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3400: 3395: 3391: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3371: 3361: 3335: 3333: 3328: 3322: 3313: 3311: 3306: 3300: 3291: 3289: 3284: 3278: 3269: 3267: 3262: 3256: 3247: 3245: 3240: 3234: 3225: 3223: 3218: 3212: 3203: 3201: 3196: 3190: 3181: 3179: 3174: 3168: 3159: 3157: 3152: 3146: 3137: 3135: 3130: 3124: 3115: 3113: 3108: 3102: 3093: 3091: 3086: 3080: 3071: 3069: 3064: 3058: 3049: 3047: 3042: 3036: 3027: 3025: 3020: 3014: 3005: 3003: 2998: 2992: 2983: 2981: 2976: 2970: 2961: 2959: 2954: 2948: 2939: 2937: 2932: 2926: 2917: 2915: 2910: 2904: 2895: 2893: 2888: 2882: 2873: 2871: 2866: 2860: 2851: 2849: 2844: 2838: 2829: 2827: 2822: 2816: 2807: 2805: 2800: 2794: 2785: 2783: 2778: 2772: 2763: 2761: 2756: 2750: 2741: 2739: 2734: 2728: 2719: 2717: 2712: 2706: 2697: 2695: 2690: 2684: 2675: 2673: 2668: 2662: 2653: 2651: 2646: 2640: 2631: 2629: 2624: 2618: 2609: 2607: 2602: 2596: 2587: 2585: 2580: 2574: 2565: 2563: 2558: 2552: 2543: 2541: 2536: 2530: 2521: 2519: 2514: 2508: 2499: 2497: 2492: 2486: 2477: 2475: 2470: 2464: 2455: 2453: 2448: 2442: 2433: 2431: 2426: 2420: 2411: 2409: 2404: 2398: 2389: 2387: 2382: 2376: 2367: 2365: 2360: 2354: 2345: 2343: 2338: 2332: 2323: 2321: 2316: 2310: 2301: 2299: 2294: 2288: 2279: 2277: 2272: 2266: 2257: 2255: 2250: 2244: 2235: 2233: 2228: 2222: 2213: 2211: 2206: 2200: 2191: 2189: 2184: 2178: 2169: 2167: 2166:Guinea-Bissau 2162: 2156: 2147: 2145: 2140: 2134: 2125: 2123: 2118: 2112: 2103: 2101: 2096: 2090: 2081: 2079: 2074: 2068: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2047: 2044: 2035: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2015: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1986: 1984: 1983: 1978: 1970: 1966: 1961: 1957: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1946: 1941: 1937: 1936: 1931: 1930: 1924: 1922: 1918: 1917: 1912: 1909:meals before 1908: 1907: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1889: 1884: 1883: 1878: 1874: 1873: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1840: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1825: 1820: 1816: 1815: 1810: 1809: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1787: 1777: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1743:Ottoman Turks 1740: 1736: 1732: 1727: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1691: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1659: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1468: 1464: 1463:Faisal Mosque 1460: 1456: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1351: 1338: 1334: 1327: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1313: 1306: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1291: 1282: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1255: 1246: 1241: 1240: 1239: 1237: 1236: 1231: 1227: 1226: 1220: 1215: 1211: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1199:to the city. 1198: 1197: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1140: 1135: 1131: 1130: 1125: 1121: 1115: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1091: 1088: 1084: 1081:(meaning "to 1079: 1078: 1071: 1062: 1058: 1055: 1045: 1041: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 986: 984: 980: 979: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 949: 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 895:, marriages ( 894: 890: 886: 881: 879: 875: 871: 870:Friday prayer 867: 866: 861: 860: 855: 854: 849: 848: 843: 839: 838: 833: 829: 825: 821: 820:early Muslims 816: 814: 810: 806: 802: 801: 788: 743: 739: 738: 730: 709: 697: 692: 690: 685: 683: 678: 677: 675: 674: 669: 659: 658: 657: 656: 649: 646: 645: 640: 639:Military laws 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 621: 620: 617: 615: 612: 608: 605: 603: 600: 599: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 579: 574: 571: 569: 566: 564: 561: 560: 559: 558: 555: 552: 550: 547: 546: 543: 538: 537: 530: 527: 525: 522: 520: 517: 513: 510: 509: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 497:Proselytizing 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 416: 413: 411: 408: 407: 406: 405:Denominations 403: 399: 396: 395: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 352: 348: 343: 342: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 311: 308: 307: 303: 301: 300: 296: 294: 293: 289: 288: 285: 282: 280: 277: 276: 273: 268: 267: 260: 258: 254: 252: 250: 246: 245: 241: 238: 236: 234: 230: 228: 226: 222: 220: 218: 214: 213: 209: 208: 203: 202: 197: 196: 192: 190: 189: 185: 184: 178: 175: 173: 170: 169: 165: 164: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 144: 143: 140: 137: 135: 132: 131: 128: 123: 122: 115: 112: 111: 108: 105: 103: 100: 99: 96: 93: 91: 88: 87: 84: 80: 77: 76: 73: 68: 67: 63: 59: 58: 55: 52: 51: 47: 43: 42: 37: 33: 19: 17812:Architecture 17725: 17691:Sacred space 17676:Architecture 17574:Magic circle 17512: 17415:Christianity 17348:Baháʼí Faith 17166: 16991:Madih nabawi 16008: 15995: 15992:Islamic arts 15772:Caravanserai 15705: 15297: 15251:Loudspeakers 15176:Persian dome 15138:Pointed arch 14936:Indo-Islamic 14926:Great Seljuk 14760:Islamophobia 14625:Christianity 14573: 14506:Contemporary 14400:Architecture 14339: 14305: 14293: 14281: 14239: 14232: 14198: 14180: 14175:Nikah mut'ah 14173: 14166: 14159: 14152: 14145: 14138: 14102: 14090: 14083: 14076: 14069: 14049: 14042: 14035: 14028: 13941: 13911: 13664: 13588: 13570: 13563: 13507: 13500: 13493: 13486: 13479: 13472:Five Pillars 13449: 13415: 13404:God in Islam 13381: 13330: 13314: 13306: 13300: 13294: 13259: 13249: 13237: 13227: 13201:In Paradise 13191: 13181: 13171: 13161: 13155: 13145: 13129: 13126:(Plant stem) 13123: 13117: 13111: 13105: 13100:Plant matter 13087: 13081: 13073: 13067: 13061: 13055: 12964: 12935: 12931: 12899: 12863:Umm al-Kitāb 12861: 12848: 12835:Ṣuḥuf-i-Mūsā 12833: 12820: 12812: 12803: 12790: 12747: 12743:Ghadir Khumm 12727:('The Dawn') 12721: 12715: 12702: 12696: 12687: 12678: 12672: 12669:('The Noon') 12663: 12652: 12646: 12638: 12632: 12626: 12620: 12612: 12606: 12600: 12594: 12588: 12578: 12557: 12548: 12498:Days of Hajj 12486: 12483:(The Friday) 12477: 12429: 12387: 12374: 12342:Paradise of 12329:Jordan River 12324:Dār an-Nadwa 12323: 12305: 12267: 12262:Cave of Hira 12254: 12249: 12239: 12186:Masjid Qubāʾ 12185: 12167: 12157: 12149: 12139: 12135: 12123: 12115: 12089:Qaryat Yūnus 12088: 12078: 12068: 12028: 12018: 12004: 11995:Sinai Region 11977:Dam of Sheba 11972: 11960: 11945: 11935: 11926: 11911: 11893: 11871: 11859: 11851: 11821: 11816: 11806: 11789: 11776: 11763: 11681: 11659: 11650:Ahl al-Kitāb 11649: 11627: 11623:Zoroastrians 11619: 11614:disbelievers 11607: 11600: 11558:Banu Qurayza 11553:Banu Qaynuqa 11542:Ahl as-Suffa 11541: 11455: 11438: 11410: 11379: 11362: 11347:Sons of Adam 11302: 11278: 11270: 11261: 11235: 11229:Banī Isrāʾīl 11227: 11220: 11185: 11148: 11131: 11116: 11103: 11048:Luqman's son 10895: 10859: 10852: 10842: 10746:Luqman's son 10717:Martyred son 10609:Dhūl-Qarnain 10559: 10549: 10513:Perseverance 10505: 10483:ibn Ya‘qūb ( 10473:Ṣāḥib al-Ḥūt 10472: 10461:('He of the 10458: 10371:Dhabih Ullah 10227: 10222: 10216: 10197: 10185: 10167: 10155: 10147: 10140: 10133: 10122: 10101:Malakul-Mawt 10099: 10074: 10068: 10060: 10045: 10016: 9997: 9974: 9953: 9941: 9931: 9921: 9911: 9892: 9883: 9874: 9864: 9860:) of Solomon 9851: 9840: 9828: 9819: 9810: 9779: 9634:. Retrieved 9624: 9604: 9582: 9558: 9537: 9517: 9495: 9473: 9452: 9429: 9407: 9385: 9366: 9336: 9325:Grabar, Oleg 9310: 9291: 9268: 9264: 9232: 9213: 9190: 9170: 9151: 9132: 9113: 9094: 9083:. Retrieved 9054: 9031: 9010: 8991: 8972: 8953: 8942:. Retrieved 8938:the original 8933: 8929: 8906: 8887: 8868: 8838: 8818: 8798: 8781: 8762: 8743: 8721:. Retrieved 8713:The Guardian 8712: 8702: 8690:. Retrieved 8681: 8654:. Retrieved 8627:26 September 8625:. Retrieved 8617:The Guardian 8616: 8607: 8596:. Retrieved 8587: 8578: 8567:. Retrieved 8558: 8548: 8537:. Retrieved 8528: 8519: 8507:. Retrieved 8503:the original 8493: 8481:. Retrieved 8477:the original 8472: 8462: 8452:February 24, 8450:. Retrieved 8446:the original 8441: 8417: 8411: 8399:. Retrieved 8390: 8380: 8368:. Retrieved 8360:The Guardian 8359: 8349: 8337:. Retrieved 8323: 8311:. Retrieved 8297: 8285:. Retrieved 8281:the original 8271: 8261:February 24, 8259:. Retrieved 8255:the original 8244: 8232:. Retrieved 8218: 8206:. Retrieved 8200: 8193: 8181:. Retrieved 8172: 8162: 8150:. Retrieved 8135: 8128: 8117:. Retrieved 8102: 8093: 8068:. Retrieved 8064:the original 8038:. Retrieved 8029: 8020: 8011: 8004:. Retrieved 7988: 7976: 7968: 7963: 7952:. Retrieved 7943: 7933: 7914: 7905: 7881: 7874: 7855: 7849: 7829: 7822: 7810:. Retrieved 7796: 7770:. Retrieved 7763:the original 7750: 7746: 7733: 7721:. Retrieved 7717:the original 7707: 7695:. Retrieved 7691:the original 7680: 7670: 7663:. Retrieved 7658: 7648: 7636:. Retrieved 7632:the original 7627: 7617: 7605:. Retrieved 7600: 7590: 7570: 7563: 7551:. Retrieved 7544:the original 7539: 7529: 7517:. Retrieved 7513:the original 7508: 7499: 7479: 7473: 7454: 7450: 7398: 7392: 7371: 7363: 7349: 7343: 7331: 7324: 7316: 7304: 7277: 7265: 7253: 7236: 7230: 7221: 7209: 7197: 7185: 7173: 7168:, p. 4. 7161: 7150:. Retrieved 7138: 7126: 7114:. Retrieved 7100: 7081: 7075: 7063:. Retrieved 7048: 7041: 7029:. Retrieved 7014: 7007: 6996:. Retrieved 6992:the original 6982: 6970:. Retrieved 6966:the original 6962:"Mosque FAQ" 6930: 6924: 6912:. Retrieved 6908:the original 6898: 6886:. Retrieved 6871: 6864: 6853:. Retrieved 6824:. Retrieved 6795:. Retrieved 6781: 6754:. Retrieved 6745: 6735: 6715: 6708: 6697:. Retrieved 6690:the original 6677: 6653: 6629: 6617:. Retrieved 6603: 6592:. Retrieved 6585:the original 6556:the original 6543: 6504:. Retrieved 6490: 6479:. Retrieved 6470: 6447:. Retrieved 6443:the original 6433: 6409: 6397:. Retrieved 6383: 6372:. Retrieved 6363: 6354: 6342:. Retrieved 6327: 6320: 6301: 6270:. Retrieved 6266:the original 6261: 6252: 6241:. Retrieved 6232: 6223: 6211:. Retrieved 6207:the original 6202: 6193: 6185: 6166: 6159: 6139: 6105: 6093:. Retrieved 6078: 6071: 6059:. Retrieved 6055:the original 6050: 6040: 6028: 6016: 6004: 5992: 5980: 5923: 5911: 5899: 5894:, p. 38 5892:Ruggles 2002 5887: 5860:. Retrieved 5856:the original 5846: 5834: 5829:, p. 27 5822: 5810: 5786: 5772: 5755: 5700: 5689:. Retrieved 5680: 5671: 5647: 5640: 5629:the original 5611: 5600:. Retrieved 5580: 5558: 5547:. Retrieved 5527: 5520: 5508: 5496: 5484: 5460: 5453: 5444: 5425: 5419: 5410: 5404:. Retrieved 5380: 5373: 5361: 5350:. Retrieved 5326: 5316: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5289: 5285: 5281: 5267: 5263: 5262:from Arabic 5259: 5245: 5241: 5236: 5225:. Retrieved 5216: 5212: 5202: 5193: 5169: 5148: 5136: 5123: 5113: 5105:the original 5100: 5045: 5036: 5027: 5018: 5009: 5000: 4991: 4982: 4973: 4964: 4955: 4946: 4937: 4928: 4888: 4847:social media 4812:Since 2017, 4811: 4807: 4802:Polish Tatar 4771: 4764: 4757: 4720: 4716: 4688: 4668:Hindu temple 4659:Babri Mosque 4656: 4633:Islamophobia 4600: 4590: 4587: 4574:loudspeakers 4548: 4544: 4536: 4520: 4516: 4506: 4492: 4476: 4468: 4453: 4447: 4437: 4428: 4426: 4389: 4376: 4373: 4327: 4307: 4297: 4287: 4285: 4263: 4243: 4225: 4211: 4187: 4170: 4158: 4134: 4104: 4094: 4090: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4044: 4042: 4034: 4030:Burkina Faso 4015: 3987: 3977: 3971: 3963: 3957: 3955: 3917: 3911: 3906: 3898: 3897:View of the 3883: 3704: 3692: 3688: 3676: 3674: 3667: 3661: 3657: 3651: 3647: 3641: 3637: 3632:, where the 3625: 3611: 3609: 3594: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3573: 3569: 3567: 3550: 3548: 3532: 3522: 3518: 3468: 3438: 3420: 3397: 3389: 3388: 3354:Architecture 3090:Saudi Arabia 2041: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2017: 2011: 1998:Adina Mosque 1980: 1974: 1943: 1933: 1927: 1925: 1914: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1886: 1880: 1870: 1868: 1836: 1833:town squares 1822: 1812: 1806: 1796: 1794: 1767: 1751:Hagia Sophia 1728: 1695: 1686:Hagia Sophia 1637: 1610:Hagia Sophia 1603: 1591:Austronesian 1560: 1523: 1487:Mughal-style 1472: 1406: 1367: 1310: 1289: 1264:Saudi Arabia 1253: 1233: 1223: 1207: 1201: 1194: 1182: 1170: 1166: 1160: 1137: 1127: 1124:first mosque 1117: 1096: 1089: 1056: 1043: 1039: 1024: 1013: 1009: 1002: 992: 976: 950: 882: 863: 857: 851: 845: 835: 817: 741: 707: 705: 614:Islamophobia 466: 393:Demographics 388:Circumcision 304: 297: 290: 256: 248: 232: 224: 216: 205: 199: 193: 186: 17107:Jama masjid 17051:Sufi poetry 16982: [ 16943:Sufi orders 16924: [ 16838:Misconducts 16815: [ 16783: [ 16771: [ 16709: [ 16697: [ 16685: [ 16623: [ 16596: [ 16584: [ 16572: [ 16560: [ 16533: [ 16521: [ 16499: [ 16457: [ 16445: [ 16428: [ 16416: [ 16291: [ 16279: [ 16235: [ 16222:Sufis ranks 16163: [ 16136: [ 16088:Bash Hezzab 16060:terminology 15619:Windcatcher 15600:(courtyard) 15353:Mosque lamp 15333:Girih tiles 15290:Decorations 15168:Arabic dome 14630:Catholicism 14525:Other areas 14516:Theological 14511:Eschatology 14468:Mathematics 14405:Calligraphy 14335:Theological 14289:Inheritance 14206:Cleanliness 13578:Shi'a Imams 13572:Ahl al-Bayt 13176:Pomegranate 13076:(The Earth) 12969:golden calf 12542:Pilgrimages 12275:Hudaybiyyah 12190:Quba Mosque 12144:Prostration 12095:,' that is 12056:Mesopotamia 12045:Mount Tabor 12041:Mount Sinai 12023:Mount Sinai 11973:ʿArim Sabaʾ 11711:Polytheists 11461:Household') 11456:Ahl al-Bayt 11413:(People of 11411:Qawm Tubbaʿ 11357:Wife of Lut 11352:Wife of Nuh 11203:or families 11201:ethnicities 10922:Moses' wife 10405:ibn Dāwūd ( 10187:ash-Shayṭān 10079:Holy Spirit 9905:Non-related 9408:Noble Quran 8839:The minaret 8287:November 3, 8208:21 February 8152:21 February 8040:October 31, 8030:Der Spiegel 7065:21 February 7031:21 February 6888:21 February 6344:21 February 6095:21 February 5565:, p. 1 5153:Grabar 1969 5141:Grabar 1969 4820:in China's 4503:monotheists 4440:polytheists 4415:inside the 4268:Cleanliness 3808:Netherlands 3703:, Bosnian: 3545:Prayer hall 3501:, and also 3475:Seljuq rule 3134:Netherlands 2474:Afghanistan 2028:Eid ul-Fitr 1819:Eid prayers 1814:ʿĪd al-Aḍḥā 1808:ʿĪd al-Fiṭr 1608:, with the 1565:islands of 1507:Jama Masjid 1491:onion domes 1319:) in Medina 1270:, with the 1144:Quba Mosque 292:Ahl al-Bayt 177:Foundations 17822:Categories 17788:Psychology 17713:Sun temple 17686:Cult image 17273:Prayer rug 17036:Sufi music 16896:Hizb Rateb 16874:Ceremonies 16642:Zarruqiyya 16350:Ismul Azam 15902:Influences 15817:Well house 15588:Mashrabiya 15236:Hussainiya 15172:Onion dome 14963:Indonesian 14951:Qutb Shahi 14690:Ex-Muslims 14575:Shu'ubiyya 14569:Psychology 14557:Literature 14547:Inventions 14493:Philosophy 14301:Leadership 14277:Honorifics 13932:Philosophy 13739:Isma'ilism 13700:Maturidism 13583:Caliphates 13554:Golden Age 13445:Revelation 13070:(Planets) 13064:(The Moon) 13015:Of Quraysh 12890:Noah's Ark 12783:Holy books 12627:Al-Ghuduww 12621:Al-ʿAshiyy 12585:Invocation 12577:Times for 12428:Battle of 12419:Battles or 12011:(The Holy 11877:(formerly 11824:(Mainland 11634:Hypocrites 11581:People of 11548:Banu Nadir 11528:Implicitly 11370:Son of Nuh 11328:People of 11262:Ahl Madyan 11237:Muʾtafikāt 11157:Al-Raqaim? 11132:Ḥawāriyyūn 11014:Implied or 10959:(possibly 10889:Egyptians 10881:People of 10839:Egyptians 10660:(Jeremiah) 10560:Ibn Maryam 10313:(Ezekiel?) 10152:(Asmodeus) 10046:Muqarrabun 9782:(Generous) 9752:Non-humans 9740:Characters 9636:2018-06-19 9319:1610691776 9085:2023-02-22 8944:2006-04-17 8598:2018-06-28 8569:2018-06-28 8539:2018-06-28 8362:. London. 8119:2006-04-23 7954:2023-08-03 7672:mencukupi. 7661:(in Malay) 7603:(in Malay) 7376:Asher 1992 7336:Bloom 2013 7309:Bloom 2013 7282:Bloom 2013 7270:Bloom 2013 7214:Bloom 2013 7202:Bloom 2013 7178:Kuban 1974 7166:Kuban 1974 7152:2019-10-29 6998:2011-11-03 6944:0143063022 6933:. London: 6855:2011-11-03 6797:22 October 6756:2 February 6699:2017-03-29 6594:2017-02-04 6481:2022-08-05 6449:2017-02-02 6374:2018-06-28 6243:2012-02-01 6033:Nimer 2002 5958:Ahmed 2002 5943:Cowen 1985 5928:Asher 1992 5880:Elleh 2002 5839:Flood 2001 5827:Kuban 1985 5691:2018-06-05 5602:2019-06-30 5563:Kuban 1974 5549:2019-06-30 5406:2023-12-26 5352:2019-06-30 5290:OED Online 5268:OED Online 5246:OED Online 5227:2024-03-03 5057:References 4824:province. 4645:Mosque in 4631:See also: 4558:See also: 4473:in Mecca: 4411:President 4345:See also: 4272:See also: 4202:gymnasiums 4196:(gyms) to 4167:, Pakistan 4129:Bangladesh 4101:إِقَـامَـة 4046:Mu’adhdhin 3944:Mihrab in 3916:(Bosnian: 3800:Ulu Mosque 3796:Postmodern 3695:(Turkish: 3332:Azerbaijan 3288:Uzbekistan 3266:Kazakhstan 3156:Kyrgyzstan 3024:Tajikistan 2650:Bangladesh 2188:Mozambique 2065:Percentage 1784:See also: 1720:Christians 1712:Al-Walid I 1666:See also: 1656:South Asia 1593:neighbors— 1563:Indonesian 1427:akin to a 1388:, and the 1112:See also: 961:synagogues 482:Philosophy 219:(exegesis) 156:Pilgrimage 146:Almsgiving 17776:Education 17696:Sanctuary 17584:Shintoism 17533:Mandaeism 17283:Tagelmust 17278:Qashabiya 17253:Jellabiya 17157:Mausoleum 16850:Rahbaniya 16664:Waridates 16481:Muraqabah 16476:Muhasabah 16160:Mutahaqiq 15876:Resources 15639:Religious 15609:Shabestan 15567:Hypostyle 15549:Shadirvan 15318:Arabesque 15241:Imamzadeh 15206:Religious 15186:Semi-dome 15133:Ogee arch 15102:Chahartaq 15065:Materials 14992:Almoravid 14967:Malaysian 14807:Symbolism 14765:Incidents 14743:Criticism 14635:Mormonism 14532:Astrology 14458:Cosmology 14453:Astronomy 14395:Arabesque 14262:Etiquette 14221:Blasphemy 14011:Economics 13826:Ahmadiyya 13768:Muhakkima 13715:Wahhabism 13705:Mu'tazili 13690:Ash'arism 13264:Date palm 13254:Palm tree 13242:Lote-tree 13218:or plants 13162:Qith-thāʾ 13090:(The Sun) 13088:Ash-Shams 13049:Celestial 12942:False god 12878:or beings 12876:of people 12858:of David) 12800:of Jesus) 12633:Al-Bukrah 12396:in Sheba) 12174:of Mecca) 12131:Monastery 12109:locations 12107:Religious 12064:Al-Jūdiyy 11757:Mentioned 11751:Locations 11664:Christian 11644:Believers 11629:Munāfiqūn 11592:Religious 11530:mentioned 11443:Stoneland 11319:Muhajirun 11097:Mentioned 10999:Abū Lahab 10994:As-Sāmirī 10984:(Goliath) 10950:Evil ones 10864:Zulaykhah 10820:People of 10707:Good ones 10507:Ulul-ʿAzm 10495:Zechariah 10491:Zakariyyā 10311:Dhūl-Kifl 10264:Mentioned 10110:(Michael) 9999:Zabāniyah 9976:Malāʾikah 9948:Honey bee 9645:cite book 8857:856037134 8790:1573-3912 8509:April 17, 8483:April 17, 8339:April 23, 8313:April 23, 8234:April 23, 8183:April 23, 8070:April 22, 7911:Bat Ye'or 7638:April 15, 6847:. Ne.jp. 6619:August 5, 6506:August 5, 6399:August 5, 6272:April 17, 6258:"Charity" 6151:1573-3912 6061:6 October 6051:USA Today 5862:5 October 5775:. Brill. 5720:Chiu 2010 5062:Citations 4915:place of 4727:vandalism 4691:June 2007 4621:petitions 4478:All-Wise. 4198:libraries 4099:(Arabic: 4059:(Arabic: 4051:مُـؤَذِّن 4049:(Arabic: 3860:Indonesia 3778:Järvenpää 3707:ćurs/ћурс 3597:hypostyle 3483:four-iwan 3473:. During 3394:hypostyle 3390:Arab-plan 2870:Australia 2584:Palestine 2408:Indonesia 2060:Countries 1801:) in the 1739:al-Ma'mun 1731:converted 1718:from the 1526:East Asia 1485:origins, 1467:Islamabad 1386:Jerusalem 1337:Jerusalem 1219:hypostyle 1191:Jerusalem 1083:prostrate 1070:romanized 1054:Nabataean 1040:masgídion 1036:μασγίδιον 997:from the 989:Etymology 941:Jerusalem 602:terrorism 554:Criticism 507:Sexuality 477:Mysticism 447:Festivals 427:Education 422:Economics 358:Academics 314:Caliphate 127:Practices 17752:Religion 17614:Gurdwara 17552:Paganism 17434:Hinduism 17367:Buddhism 17293:Tarboosh 17248:Gandoura 17243:Djellaba 16860:Taqabbur 16610:Tawassul 16605:Tawakkul 16269:Concepts 16187:Qalandar 16150:Muqarrab 16145:Muqaddam 16128:Marabout 15990:Part of 15826:Military 15762:Baradari 15755:Civilian 15578:Jharokha 15539:Mechouar 15476:Charbagh 15419:Andaruni 15393:Socarrat 15358:Muqarnas 15256:Maqsurah 15148:Vaulting 15077:Tadelakt 15058:Elements 15007:Zayyanid 14987:Aghlabid 14845:Category 14738:Islamism 14721:Muhammad 14677:Apostasy 14652:Hinduism 14542:Feminism 14473:Medicine 14313:Military 14267:Gambling 14216:Apostasy 14211:Criminal 14123:Marriage 14092:Tayammum 14044:Murabaha 13917:Madrasas 13907:Holidays 13897:Clothing 13892:Children 13887:Calendar 13838:Quranism 13772:Khawarij 13744:Alawites 13695:Atharism 13589:Rashidun 13428:In Islam 13423:Muhammad 13252:(Tender 13232:Tamarisk 13166:Cucumber 13084:(Stars) 13062:Al-Qamar 13027:Al-ʿUzzā 12874:Objects 12688:Qabl al- 12639:Aṣ-Ṣabāḥ 12502:Doomsday 12430:al-Aḥzāb 12120:(Church) 11853:Al-Aḥqāf 11791:Jahannam 11784:Paradise 11391:Bedouins 11186:Qawm Lūṭ 11028:Abu Bakr 10858:Wife of 10847:Potiphar 10830:Binyāmin 10550:Al-Masīḥ 10522:Muḥammad 10459:Dhūn-Nūn 10403:Sulaymān 10341:(Elijah) 10253:Prophets 10169:Shayāṭīn 10127:(Genies) 9955:Qaswarah 9936:Wild ass 9914:(Female 9912:ʿAnkabūt 9835:elephant 9685:Archived 9669:Archived 9630:Archived 9603:(1998). 9581:(1979). 9450:(1993). 9365:(2000). 9327:(1969). 9289:(1996). 9212:(2002). 9079:Archived 9075:30319450 8867:(2001). 8717:Archived 8686:Archived 8650:Archived 8621:Archived 8592:Archived 8563:Archived 8533:Archived 8395:Archived 8391:NBC News 8364:Archived 8333:Archived 8307:Archived 8228:Archived 8177:Archived 8113:Archived 8034:Archived 8013:protest. 8006:19 April 7948:Archived 7913:(2002). 7812:June 16, 7806:Archived 7782:Archived 7772:June 16, 7697:April 9, 7553:July 12, 7519:July 12, 7449:(2000). 7417:42635843 7143:Archived 7141:. 2016. 7116:April 9, 7110:Archived 6972:April 9, 6914:April 9, 6849:Archived 6826:April 9, 6820:Archived 6788:Archived 6750:Archived 6666:Archived 6642:Archived 6613:Archived 6532:Archived 6500:Archived 6475:Archived 6422:Archived 6393:Archived 6368:Archived 6237:Archived 6213:April 8, 6138:(eds.). 5685:Archived 5596:Archived 5543:Archived 5514:22:25-37 5400:Archived 5346:Archived 5324:(2003). 5301:masgdhā́ 5297:mesquita 5274:Archived 5260:moscheta 5252:Archived 5242:moscheta 5221:Archived 5097:"Mosque" 4853:See also 4843:minarets 4822:Xinjiang 4651:Gaza War 4617:protests 4481:— 4457:— 4177:ablution 4087:سُـنَّـة 4038:Muhammad 3998:Minarets 3830:Shanghai 3751:Istanbul 3575:sharīʿah 3559:مُصَلَّى 3487:Safavids 3463:. Thus, 3459:and the 3453:Sassanid 3449:Parthian 3441:Persians 3412:supports 3385:, India. 3379:Srinagar 3200:Bulgaria 2672:Thailand 2540:Malaysia 2518:Pakistan 2342:Tanzania 2320:Djibouti 2298:Cameroon 2122:Ethiopia 1763:Biblical 1716:St. John 1702:Damascus 1690:Istanbul 1595:Malaysia 1583:Buddhist 1556:Malaysia 1513:and the 1445:Visigoth 1433:Andalusi 1429:basilica 1394:Damascus 1359:Damascus 1120:Muhammad 1090:masgdhā́ 1057:masgdhā́ 1044:mezquita 1029:Medieval 1014:moscheta 965:churches 933:Muhammad 931:, where 828:minarets 803:), is a 648:Glossary 624:Jihadism 597:Violence 592:Islamism 563:Muhammad 549:Apostasy 492:Politics 442:Feminism 437:Exorcism 398:Diaspora 383:Children 378:Calendar 306:Rashidun 284:Muhammad 279:Timeline 240:Mathnawi 102:Prophets 46:a series 44:Part of 18:Mezquita 17828:Mosques 17738:Portals 17603:Sikhism 17523:Gongbei 17481:Judaism 17462:Jainism 17385:Chaitya 17288:Taqiyah 17263:Misbaha 17238:Burnous 17221:Objects 17172:Musalla 17152:Maqbara 17142:Madrasa 17132:Külliye 17127:Khanqah 17122:Khalawi 17102:Gongbei 17006:Qawwali 16996:Nasheed 16979:Ashewiq 16963:Ziyarat 16938:Silsila 16865:Zandaqa 16824:Walayah 16802:Tajalli 16758:Ma'rifa 16743:Karamat 16723:Hidayah 16677:Basirah 16672:Barakah 16615:Tazkiah 16593:Tawajud 16581:Takhlia 16552:Tafakur 16513:Salawat 16320:Ghaflah 16202:Rabbani 16155:Murshid 16133:Mudaqiq 16123:Majzoob 16093:Dervish 15924:Mudéjar 15888:ArchNet 15838:Alcázar 15711:Musalla 15696:Maqbara 15686:Madrasa 15676:Külliye 15671:Khanqah 15661:Gongbei 15560:cooling 15558:Passive 15524:Chhatri 15517:objects 15515:Outdoor 15464:Gardens 15440:Mirador 15378:Shabaka 15368:Qashani 15323:Banna'i 15266:Minaret 15208:objects 15198:(eaves) 15196:Chhajja 15143:Squinch 15044:Umayyad 15039:Timurid 15029:Swahili 15014:Ottoman 14997:Almohad 14982:Moorish 14972:Iranian 14941:Bengali 14921:Fatimid 14916:Chinese 14911:Ayyubid 14901:Abbasid 14792:Nursing 14753:Qutbism 14667:Sikhism 14662:Judaism 14657:Jainism 14647:Druzism 14483:Physics 14430:Pottery 14415:Gardens 14410:Carpets 14325:Slavery 14247:Divorce 14234:Dhabiĥa 14062:Hygiene 14037:Takaful 14019:Banking 13949:Science 13943:Qurbani 13912:Mosques 13872:Animals 13861:Culture 13795:Nukkari 13790:Azzabas 13777:Azariqa 13761:Zaydism 13749:Alevism 13625:Ottoman 13615:Almohad 13610:Fatimid 13605:Córdoba 13600:Abbasid 13595:Umayyad 13528:Leaders 13523:History 13481:Shahada 13396:Beliefs 13317:(Drink) 13303:(River) 13288:Liquids 13120:(Shoot) 13108:(Onion) 13068:Kawākib 13056:Maṣābīḥ 13001:Yaghūth 12737:Implied 12697:Al-Aṣīl 12647:Al-Layl 12531:Ramaḍān 12480:Jumuʿah 12344:Shaddad 12236:Arabia 12230:Antakya 12225:Antioch 12218:Implied 12162:Al-Aqsa 12097:Nineveh 12083:Babylon 11928:Ḥaraman 11898:(Hegra) 11895:Al-Ḥijr 11885:ʿArafāt 11879:Yathrib 11874:Madīnah 11704:Sabians 11640:Muslims 11609:Kāfirūn 11577:Khazraj 11428:Quraysh 11199:Tribes, 11121:Sabbath 11065:Shaddad 11038:Barṣīṣā 10971:Pharaoh 10967:Firʿawn 10664:Ṣamūʾīl 10651:Implied 10582:Abraham 10554:Messiah 10407:Solomon 10393:Shuʿayb 10365:Ishmael 10361:Ismāʿīl 10325:(Eber?) 10319:(Aaron) 10281:Al-Yasa 10218:Ghilmān 10094:Raphael 10090:Isrāfīl 9853:hud-hud 9803:Related 9796:Animals 9335:(ed.). 8735:Sources 8723:8 April 8692:8 April 8656:8 April 8401:May 28, 8370:May 28, 7325:Minaret 6931:Mosques 5490:2:7-286 4909: 4897:مَسْجِد 4859:Dambana 4826:Ningxia 4818:mosques 4653:in 2009 4619:, sign 4591:khutbas 4532:decorum 4511:Umar II 4369:Lebanon 4335:symbols 4304:modesty 4300:clothes 4254:Hanbali 4250:Shafi'i 4208:Symbols 4069:muezzin 4004:Minaret 3992:friezes 3856:Jakarta 3804:Utrecht 3782:Finland 3729:Tunisia 3669:khuṭbah 3622:Muslims 3605:Tunisia 3572:in the 3551:muṣallá 3499:Timurid 3416:arcades 3408:columns 3337: 3315: 3310:Albania 3293: 3271: 3249: 3244:Georgia 3227: 3205: 3183: 3161: 3139: 3117: 3112:Denmark 3095: 3073: 3051: 3046:Belgium 3029: 3007: 2985: 2963: 2941: 2936:Lebanon 2919: 2914:Germany 2897: 2892:Morocco 2875: 2853: 2831: 2809: 2804:Tunisia 2787: 2782:Algeria 2765: 2743: 2721: 2699: 2677: 2655: 2633: 2611: 2589: 2567: 2545: 2523: 2501: 2479: 2457: 2452:Senegal 2435: 2413: 2391: 2369: 2347: 2325: 2303: 2281: 2259: 2254:Nigeria 2237: 2215: 2193: 2171: 2149: 2127: 2105: 2100:Liberia 2083: 1989:Charity 1982:Iʿtikāf 1977:Ramadan 1954:sunrise 1935:Tarāwīḥ 1921:charity 1893:potluck 1888:Maghrib 1872:Ramaḍān 1864:Ramadan 1862:during 1843:Ramadan 1791:Prayers 1737:caliph 1735:Abbasid 1706:Umayyad 1632:Balkans 1567:Sumatra 1499:Persian 1483:Timurid 1479:Mughals 1451:, like 1421:minaret 1417:Maghreb 1413:Tunisia 1317:Qiblahs 1187:Al-Aqsa 1163:Abraham 1154:in 622 1108:Origins 1103:History 1094:Aramaic 1072:: 1046:, from 1010:moschea 1007:Italian 1003:mosquée 969:temples 901:Ramadan 865:khutbah 809:Muslims 519:Slavery 502:Science 457:Madrasa 452:Finance 363:Animals 351:society 347:Culture 319:Imamate 299:Sahabah 272:History 242:(Poems) 227:(creed) 151:Fasting 79:Oneness 72:Beliefs 17708:Temple 17701:Shrine 17681:Asylum 17622:Taoism 17554:& 17518:Dargah 17513:Mosque 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