31:
468:, Canada's volcanic emergency notification program, was established to outline the notification procedure of some of the main agencies that would be involved in response to a volcanic eruption in Canada, an eruption close to Canada's borders, or an eruption significant enough to have an effect on Canada and its people. It focuses primarily on aviation safety because jet aircraft can quickly enter areas of volcanic ash. The program notifies all impacted agencies that have to deal with volcanic events. Aircraft are rerouted away from hazardous ash and people on the ground are notified of potential ash fall.
417:, carrying the volcanoes along with it at a rate of 2 to 3.3 cm (0.79 to 1.30 in) per year. Thus the hotspot model can not be used to explain the formation of the Milbanke Sound Group. However, the volcanic group is near the remnants of a 14 to 12 million year old magmatic feature that is interpreted to define the westernmost end of the Anahim hotspot track.
323:
460:
has been established to monitor earthquakes, but is too far away to provide a good indication of what is happening beneath the cones. It may sense an increase in activity if a volcano becomes very restless, but this may only provide a warning for a large eruption. It might detect activity only once a
330:
Near the northeastern shore of Price Island, a small eroded monogenetic cinder cone composed of basalt is covered by mature forest. It has an elevation of 40 m (130 ft) and is the source of a basaltic lava flow. This lava flow extends down to the northeastern shoreline of Price Island where
392:
because they are parallel with its east–west trend. However, this grouping is not widely accepted because the volcanoes are much younger than other magmatic features at the western end of the Anahim
Volcanic Belt. The cause of this significant age change is because the Anahim Volcanic Belt has its
353:
breccia was sent throughout the surrounding landscape that deposited on glaciated granitic rock and unconsolidated beach gravel near the volcano. This basaltic tuff breccia covers parts of Lake Island and nearby Lady
Douglas Island. Blocks of basement
380:, south of Dufferin Island, contains one or more basaltic lava flows that form well-preserved columnar jointing. Like other volcanic deposits in the Milbanke Sound Group, little is known about these lava flows.
376:. It sent basaltic lava flows to the north where they reached the island's shoreline to cover beach gravel. Since its formation, the cinder cone has been eroded and covered by forest.
358:, some up to 2 m (6.6 ft) wide, are randomly suspended within the breccia. Basalt on Lake Island is characterized by abundant 0.5 to 1 cm (0.20 to 0.39 in)
444:. However, there is currently not enough data to support this suggestion. Its origins might also result from other tectonic processes that are currently not understood.
303:
and the best preserved volcano associated with the
Milbanke Sound Group. It is the northernmost and most prominent volcano of the Milbanke Sound Cones with a circular
388:
The relationship of the
Milbanke Sound Cones and to other volcanoes throughout British Columbia is not clear. In some classifications, they are grouped with the
244:
as evidenced by a small amount of erosion. The age of the most recent volcanic activity is also unknown. Most of the
Milbanke Sound Cones are covered by mature
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73:
349:. With an elevation of 335 m (1,099 ft), Helmet Peak is the highest volcano in the Milbanke Sound Group. During its eruption, basaltic
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are the main volcanics comprising the volcano. These volcanics surround eroded remains of the basalt lava flows and are composed of the mineral
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240:. Not much is known about this group of volcanoes and they remain undated. However, they all likely formed in the past 10,000 years after the
292:
Just south of Kitasu Bay on the southwestern shore of
Swindle Island, Kitasu Hill rises with an elevation of 250 m (820 ft) and a
465:
628:
372:
At the southern end of the
Milbanke Sound Group, a small monogenetic cinder cone with an elevation of 50 m (160 ft) resides on
957:
420:
A possible explanation for the origin of the
Milbanke Sound Group is that it reflects a northern extension of the north-west trending
275:. Although not related, the Milbanke Sound Group is close to the remains of a much older magmatic feature that was formed during the
1107:
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918:(August 1979). "Miocene peralkaline volcanism in west-central British Columbia — Its temporal and plate-tectonics setting".
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This group of volcanoes is unlike many other volcanic groups in Canada as it resides on islands instead of on the
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throughout the Anahim
Volcanic Belt. Individual Anahim volcanoes generally become older west of
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at its summit. The volcano produced basaltic lava flows that extend to the north. Subaerial
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straddles on at least four small islands (three of which are uninhabited), including
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Currently, the
Milbanke Sound Cones are not monitored closely enough by the
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to ascertain how active their magma chambers are. An existing network of
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on the northern end of Lake Island just off the southwestern side of the
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319:. Kitasu Hill rests on till that overlies glacially scoured bedrock.
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is a steep-sided monogenetic cinder cone. It is composed of welded
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and elsewhere it is surrounded by adjacent islands that form an
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Satellite image of Kitasu Hill and its circular volcanic crater
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1031:"Interagency Volcanic Event Notification Plan: Western Canada"
322:
350:
263:. The volcanoes form a northwest–southeast trend along the
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of 230 m (750 ft). This is a small symmetrical
267:. To the west the Milbanke Sound Group is bounded by the
944:
10.1130/0091-7613(1979)7<389:MPVIWB>2.0.CO;2
684:
Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada
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256:are the only two cones that are officially named.
1185:
428:further south. This in turn is a segment of the
1110:(includes the Milbanke Sound Group volcanoes)
1103:Satellite images of the Milbanke Sound Group
629:"Anahim Volcanic Belt: Milbanke Sound cones"
466:Interagency Volcanic Event Notification Plan
682:Wood, Charles A.; Kienle, Jürgen (1990).
321:
35:Aerial photo of the Milbanke Sound Group
1065:
1063:
1061:
1040:. 2008-05-01. p. 7. Archived from
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196:, is an enigmatic group of five small
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158:Formation: In the past 10,000 years (
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1108:Map of the Anahim Volcanic Belt
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962:Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes
950:
903:
882:Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes
846:Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes
790:Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes
757:Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes
724:Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes
633:Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes
405:that is likely responsible for
811:
778:
745:
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493:Volcanology of Northern Canada
461:volcano has started erupting.
1:
1194:Volcanism of British Columbia
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498:Volcanology of Western Canada
488:Volcanology of Eastern Canada
447:
397:moving over the hypothesized
1077:. 2007-09-05. Archived from
1008:. 2008-02-12. Archived from
968:. 2009-04-02. Archived from
888:. 2009-03-10. Archived from
852:. 2009-03-10. Archived from
796:. 2009-03-10. Archived from
763:. 2009-03-10. Archived from
730:. 2009-03-10. Archived from
639:. 2009-04-14. Archived from
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7:
1214:Range 3 Coast Land District
1006:Geological Survey of Canada
966:Geological Survey of Canada
886:Geological Survey of Canada
850:Geological Survey of Canada
794:Geological Survey of Canada
761:Geological Survey of Canada
728:Geological Survey of Canada
637:Geological Survey of Canada
478:List of volcanoes in Canada
471:
454:Geological Survey of Canada
131:Range 3 Coast Land District
10:
1230:
696:Cambridge University Press
383:
282:
61:335 m (1,099 ft)
958:"Garibaldi Volcanic Belt"
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23:
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1075:Natural Resources Canada
1038:Natural Resources Canada
928:Astrophysics Data System
569:Global Volcanism Program
528:Global Volcanism Program
331:it covers beach gravel.
574:Smithsonian Institution
533:Smithsonian Institution
426:Garibaldi Volcanic Belt
998:"Monitoring volcanoes"
912:Armstrong, Richard Lee
564:"Milbanke Sound Group"
523:"Milbanke Sound Group"
327:
294:topographic prominence
265:British Columbia Coast
166:Last activity: Unknown
164:Last eruption: Unknown
89:52.35472°N 128.35028°W
1176:BC Geographical Names
1162:BC Geographical Names
1157:"Lady Douglas Island"
1148:BC Geographical Names
1134:BC Geographical Names
1120:BC Geographical Names
824:BC Geographical Names
483:Volcanology of Canada
325:
430:Cascade Volcanic Arc
395:North American Plate
390:Anahim Volcanic Belt
345:and basaltic feeder
194:Milbanke Sound Cones
190:Milbanke Sound Group
94:52.35472; -128.35028
24:Milbanke Sound Cones
19:Milbanke Sound Group
1002:Volcanoes of Canada
936:1979Geo.....7..389B
242:last glacial period
85: /
1204:Holocene volcanism
910:Bevier, Mary Lou;
328:
192:, also called the
41:Highest point
842:"Dufferin Island"
436:, which includes
393:origins from the
200:volcanoes in the
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1129:"Swindle Island"
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1209:Volcanic groups
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698:. p. 130.
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343:volcanic blocks
305:volcanic crater
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1199:Kitimat Ranges
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1143:"Price Island"
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1097:External links
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1092:
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916:Souther, J. G.
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753:"Price Island"
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399:Anahim hotspot
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378:Finngal Island
313:volcanic bombs
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222:volcanic group
218:Milbanke Sound
202:Kitimat Ranges
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1115:"Kitasu Hill"
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1081:on 2009-02-17
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856:on 2010-12-11
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819:"Helmet Peak"
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800:on 2010-12-11
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786:"Helmet Peak"
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767:on 2010-12-11
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720:"Kitasu Hill"
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705:0-521-43811-X
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458:seismographs
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403:mantle plume
401:. This is a
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356:granodiorite
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329:
291:
258:
234:Lady Douglas
216:. Named for
193:
189:
187:
177:Cinder cones
172:Type of rock
138:Parent range
1071:"Volcanoes"
930:: 389–392.
438:Mount Baker
367:phenocrysts
360:labradorite
335:Helmet Peak
301:cinder cone
298:monogenetic
273:archipelago
254:Helmet Peak
250:Kitasu Hill
238:Lake Island
154:Age of rock
92: /
80:128°21′01″W
67:Coordinates
50:Helmet Peak
1188:Categories
1085:2009-01-22
1051:2009-02-19
1016:2009-01-22
976:2010-02-04
896:2010-01-31
860:2010-01-30
804:2010-01-30
771:2010-01-30
738:2010-01-30
647:2010-01-30
579:2010-01-30
538:2010-01-30
504:References
448:Monitoring
422:subduction
411:Nazko Cone
181:lava flows
77:52°21′17″N
688:Cambridge
424:-related
407:volcanism
288:Volcanoes
105:Geography
57:Elevation
472:See also
279:period.
277:Tertiary
261:mainland
198:basaltic
160:Holocene
128:District
119:Province
932:Bibcode
920:Geology
692:England
432:in the
415:hotspot
384:Origins
317:olivine
283:Geology
226:Swindle
220:, this
204:of the
148:Geology
110:Country
702:
309:tephra
246:forest
214:Canada
113:Canada
1045:(PDF)
1034:(PDF)
926:(8).
347:dikes
230:Price
700:ISBN
464:The
440:and
362:and
351:tuff
311:and
252:and
236:and
188:The
46:Peak
940:doi
208:in
1190::
1173:.
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162:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
