Modernity - Knowledge

1306:. Late Victorians, for instance, "discussed science in terms of magical influences and vital correspondences, and when vitalism began to be superseded by more mechanistic explanations in the 1830s, magic still remained part of the discourse—now called 'natural magic,' to be sure, but no less 'marvelous' for being the result of determinate and predictable natural processes." Mass culture, despite its "superficialities, irrationalities, prejudices, and problems," became "a vital source of contingent and rational enchantments as well." Occultism could contribute to the conclusions reached by modern psychologists and advanced a "satisfaction" found in this mass culture. In addition, Saler observed that "different accounts of modernity may stress diverse combinations or accentuate some factors more than others...Modernity is defined less by binaries arranged in an implicit hierarchy, or by the dialectical transformation of one term into its opposite, than by unresolved contradictions and oppositions, or antinomies: modernity is Janus-faced." 1259: 1287:...a shorthand term for modern society, or industrial civilization. Portrayed in more detail, it is associated with (1) a certain set of attitudes towards the world, the idea of the world as open to transformation, by human intervention; (2) a complex of economic institutions, especially industrial production and a market economy; (3) a certain range of political institutions, including the nation-state and mass democracy. Largely as a result of these characteristics, modernity is vastly more dynamic than any previous type of social order. It is a society—more technically, a complex of institutions—which, unlike any preceding culture, lives in the future, rather than the past. 1395:

is the fact that the long effort to accelerate the speed of movement has presently reached its 'natural limit'. Power can move with the speed of the electronic signal – and so the time required for the movement of its essential ingredients has been reduced to instantaneity. For all practical purposes, power has become truly exterritorial, no longer bound, or even slowed down, by the resistance of space (the advent of cellular telephones may well serve as a symbolic 'last blow' delivered to the dependency on space: even the access to a telephone market is unnecessary for a command to be given and seen through to its effect.

1095:'s works which openly rejected the medieval and Aristotelian style of analyzing politics by comparison with ideas about how things should be, in favour of realistic analysis of how things really are. He also proposed that an aim of politics is to control one's own chance or fortune, and that relying upon providence actually leads to evil. Machiavelli argued, for example, that violent divisions within political communities are unavoidable, but can also be a source of strength which lawmakers and leaders should account for and even encourage in some ways. 2323: 2187: 2852: 2359: 2347: 2726: 2656: 2753: 2158: 2122: 2110: 2789: 2632: 2335: 2223: 2199: 2170: 7806: 4549: 1901:... a cluster of issues surrounding the assessment of modernity and of the apologetic task of theology in modernity. Both men were deeply concerned with apologetics, with the question of how to present Christianity in a world which is no longer well-disposed towards it. ... both thought that modernity raised particular problems for being a believing Christian, and therefore for apologetics. 827:", designated the "fleeting, ephemeral experience of life in an urban metropolis", and the responsibility art has to capture that experience. In this sense, the term refers to "a particular relationship to time, one characterized by intense historical discontinuity or rupture, openness to the novelty of the future, and a heightened sensitivity to what is unique about the present". 1684:" (Feeding the Lord's Flock) on September 8, 1907. Pascendi Dominici Gregis states that the principles of Modernism, taken to a logical conclusion, lead to atheism. The Roman Catholic Church was serious enough about the threat of Modernism that it required all Roman Catholic clergy, pastors, confessors, preachers, religious superiors and seminary professors to swear an 1511:. Yet, he was no materialist. He also talked of the two books of God, God's Word (Scripture) and God's work (nature). But he also added a theme that science should seek to control nature for the sake of humanity, and not seek to understand it just for the sake of understanding. In both these things he was influenced by Machiavelli's earlier criticism of medieval 1310:

of that world." These "enchantments" offered a "troubled kind of unreality" increasingly separate from modernity. Per Osterrgard and James Fitchett advanced a thesis that mass culture, while generating sources for "enchantment", more commonly produced "simulations" of "enchantments" and "disenchantments" for consumers.

1147:. It has been observed that while Machiavelli's realism saw a value to war and political violence, his lasting influence has been "tamed" so that useful conflict was deliberately converted as much as possible to formalized political struggles and the economic "conflict" encouraged between free, private enterprises. 1637:

Advancing technological innovation, affecting artistic technique and the means of manufacture, changed rapidly the possibilities of art and its status in a rapidly changing society. Photography challenged the place of the painter and painting. Architecture was transformed by the availability of steel

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What prompts so many commentators to speak of the 'end of history', of post-modernity, 'second modernity' and 'surmodernity', or otherwise to articulate the intuition of a radical change in the arrangement of human cohabitation and in social conditions under which life-politics is nowadays conducted,

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In 2020, Jason Crawford critiqued this recent historiography on enchantment and modernity. The historical evidence of "enchantments" for these studies, particularly in mass and print cultures, "might offer some solace to the citizens of a disenchanted world, but they don't really change the condition

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On the other hand, the notion of modernity has been contested also due to its Euro-centric underpinnings. This is further aggravated by the re-emergence of non-Western powers. Yet, the contestations about modernity are also linked with Western notions of democracy, social discipline, and development.

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The Fable of the Bees, or, Private Vices, Public Benefits ... with an Essay on Charity and Charity-Schools and a Search into the Nature of Society, to Which Is Added, a Vindication of the Book from the Aspersions Contained in a Presentment of the Grand Jury of Middlesex, and an Abusive Letter to the

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tackled modernity from a different angle by following the ideas of Saint-Simon about the industrial system. Although the starting point is the same as Marx, feudal society, Durkheim emphasizes far less the rising of the bourgeoisie as a new revolutionary class and very seldom refers to capitalism as

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The essence of modernity can be seen in humanity's freeing itself from the bonds of Middle Ages... Certainly the modern age has, as a consequence of the liberation of humanity, introduced subjectivism and individualism. ... For up to Descartes... The claim originates in that emancipation of man in

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The modern is thus defined by the way in which prior valences of social life ... are reconstituted through a constructivist reframing of social practices in relation to basic categories of existence common to all humans: time, space, embodiment, performance and knowledge. The word 'reconstituted'

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In the second phase, Berman draws upon the growth of modern technologies such as the newspaper, telegraph and other forms of mass media. There was a great shift into modernization in the name of industrial capitalism. Finally in the third phase, modernist arts and individual creativity marked the

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This means that modernity overlays earlier formations of traditional and customary life without necessarily replacing them. In a 2006 review essay, historian Michael Saler extended and substantiated this premise, noting that scholarship had revealed historical perspectives on modernity that

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But there does seem to be a necessary conflict between modern thought and the Biblical belief in revelation. All claims of revelation, modern science and philosophy seem agreed, must be repudiated, as mere relics of superstitious ages. ... The Biblical God...was a mere myth of bygone

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and others and led to a critical review of modernist politics. On the conservative side, Burke argued that this understanding encouraged caution and avoidance of radical change. However more ambitious movements also developed from this insight into human culture, initially

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was much more malleable than had been previously thought. By this logic, what makes a good political system or a good man is completely dependent upon the chance path a whole people has taken over history. This thought influenced the political (and aesthetic) thinking of

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Other writers have criticized such definitions as just being a listing of factors. They argue that modernity, contingently understood as marked by an ontological formation in dominance, needs to be defined much more fundamentally in terms of different ways of being.

4174:, International Seminar on Islamic Thought Proceedings, edited by Ahmad Sunawari Long, Jaffary Awang, and Kamaruddin Salleh, 570–87. Salangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia: Department of Theology and Philosophy, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 1407:

introduced the concept of "multiple modernities". Modernity as a "plural condition" is the central concept of this sociologic approach and perspective, which broadens the definition of "modernity" from exclusively denoting Western European culture to a

2004:. 2005. p. 454. (cf., "In modernity, however, much of economic activity and theory seemed to be entirely cut off from religious and ethical norms, at least in traditional terms. Many see modern economic developments as entirely secular.") 1383:

in even more negative terms than those Weber originally defined. Processes of rationalization—as progress for the sake of progress—may in many cases have what critical theory says is a negative and dehumanising effect on modern society.

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Enlightenment, understood in the widest sense as the advance of thought, has always aimed at liberating human beings from fear and installing them as masters. Yet the wholly enlightened earth radiates under the sign of disaster

628:" is also used to refer to the post-1945 timeframe, without assigning it to either the modern or postmodern era. (Thus "modern" may be used as a name of a particular era in the past, as opposed to meaning "the current era".) 1867:

When, with the beginning of modern times, religious belief was becoming more and more externalized as a lifeless convention, men of intellect were lifted by a new belief, their great belief in an autonomous philosophy and

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which no longer placed humanity's home, Earth, in the centre. Kepler used mathematics to discuss physics and described regularities of nature this way. Galileo actually made his famous proof of uniform acceleration in

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Modernity rejects anything "old" and makes "novelty ... a criterion for truth." This results in a great "phobic response to anything antiquarian." In contrast, "classical Christian consciousness" resisted "novelty".

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For Marx, what was the basis of modernity was the emergence of capitalism and the revolutionary bourgeoisie, which led to an unprecedented expansion of productive forces and to the creation of the world market.

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published on December 8, 1864, to describe his objections to Modernism. Pope Pius X further elaborated on the characteristics and consequences of Modernism, from his perspective, in an encyclical entitled

2177: 2175: 2173: 1322:, and the realization that certainty can never be established, once and for all". With new social and philosophical conditions arose fundamental new challenges. Various 19th-century intellectuals, from 1460:

thinkers and clerics have tried to fight back, denouncing skepticism of every kind. Modernity aimed towards "a progressive force promising to liberate humankind from ignorance and irrationality".

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In sociology, a discipline that arose in direct response to the social problems of modernity, the term most generally refers to the social conditions, processes, and discourses consequent to the

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increased formal social organization of mobile populaces, development of "circuits" on which they and their influence travel, and societal standardization conducive to socio-economic mobility

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Consisted of the rise and growing use of daily newspapers, telegraphs, telephones and other forms of mass media, which influenced the growth of communicating on a broader scale (Laughey, 31).

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Machiavelli's recommendations were sometimes influential upon kings and princes, but eventually came to be seen as favoring free republics over monarchies. Machiavelli in turn influenced

976:) were proponents of opposing views, the former believing that contemporary writers could do no better than imitate the genius of Classical antiquity, while the latter, first with 3225:. Chapter 1.3. New Haven: Yale University Press; London: H. Milford, Oxford University Press. Reprinted, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1953; New Haven: Yale University Press, 1962, 1178:

made what he considered to be the first proper attempt at trying to apply Bacon's scientific method to political subjects, rejecting some aspects of the approach of Hobbes.

992:, first coined in the 1620s, in this context assumed the implication of a historical epoch following the Renaissance, in which the achievements of antiquity were surpassed. 1526:

provided a model of how scientific knowledge could be built up in small steps. He also argued openly that human beings themselves could be understood as complex machines.

1445:, over perhaps the past 200 years or so, has tried, in various iterations, to accommodate, or at least tolerate, modern doubt in expounding Christian revelation, while 647:), it can also refer to the subjective or existential experience of the conditions they produce, and their ongoing impact on human culture, institutions, and politics. 1344:

the new mode of production implemented by it. The fundamental impulse to modernity is rather industrialism accompanied by the new scientific forces. In the work of

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itself which in turn led to a new understanding of less rationalistic human activities, especially the arts. The initial influence was upon the movements known as

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and others developed a new approach to physics and astronomy which changed the way people came to think about many things. Copernicus presented new models of the

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becomes a primary fact of life, work, and thought". And modernity in art "is more than merely the state of being modern, or the opposition between old and new".

3945: 949:. The early modern word meant "now existing", or "pertaining to the present times", not necessarily with a positive connotation. English author and playwright 9246: 3786: 1578:. In this context the modern society is said to develop over many periods, and to be influenced by important events that represent breaks in the continuity. 1438:, which transformed the concept of truth in the concept of certainty, whose only guarantor is no longer God or the Church, but Man's subjective judgement. 727:

art, politics, science and culture has come to dominate not only Western Europe and North America, but almost every populated area on the globe, including

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Depending on the field, modernity may refer to different time periods or qualities. In historiography, the 16th to 18th centuries are usually described as

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which he frees himself from obligation to Christian revelational truth and Church doctrine to a legislating for himself that takes its stand upon itself.

1066:(1930s/1950s/1990s–present). Other theorists, however, regard the period from the late 20th century to the present as merely another phase of modernity; 1204:

A second phase of modernist political thinking begins with Rousseau, who questioned the natural rationality and sociality of humanity and proposed that

3876:, edited by Francis Barker, Peter Hulme, and Margaret Iversen. Essex Symposia, Literature, Politics, Theory. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 1732:

Increased state of dehumanisation, dehumanity, unionisation, as man became embittered about the negative turn of events which sprouted a growing fear.

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propose that modernity or industrialization represents a departure from the central tenets of the Enlightenment and towards nefarious processes of

3466:, revised edition, edited by Tim Allen and Alan Thomas, 325–42. Oxford and New York: Open University in association with Oxford University Press. 3481:'Modernus' und 'Antiquus': Zur Verbreitung und Bedeutung dieser Bezeichnungen in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur vom 9. bis zum 12. Jahrhundert 1334:, attempted to offer scientific and/or political ideologies in the wake of secularisation. Modernity may be described as the "age of ideology". 3643: 3574: 3242:

Calinescu, Matei. 1987. "Five Faces of Modernity: Modernism, Avant-garde, Decadence, Kitsch, Postmodernism". Durham: Duke University Press.

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The New Science of Giambattista Vico: Unabridged Translation of the Third Edition (1744), with the Addition of "Practice of the New Science

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One common conception of modernity is the condition of Western history since the mid-15th century, or roughly the European development of

8119: 2997: 968:, debating the question of "Is Modern culture superior to Classical (Græco–Roman) culture?" In the context of this debate, the ancients ( 918:

of the Christian era, but not necessarily to the present day, and could include authors several centuries old, from about the time of

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Davidann, Jon Thares. 2019. "The Limits of Westernization: American and East Asians Create Modernity, 1860–1960." Oxford: Routledge.

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The era of modernity is characterised socially by industrialisation and the division of labour, and philosophically by "the loss of

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beginning of a new modernist age as it combats oppressive politics, economics as well as other social forces including mass media.

961: 561: 1258: 474: 8757: 2976: 1062:, believe that modernity ended in the mid- or late 20th century and thus have defined a period subsequent to modernity, namely 3531:, edited and translated by Julian Young and Kenneth Haynes, 57–85 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002). 1634:" (1863), Charles Baudelaire gives a literary definition: "By modernity I mean the transitory, the fugitive, the contingent". 7840: 7422: 4534: 4427: 4274: 3936: 3818: 3492: 3353: 3185: 1532:, influenced by Descartes, but also, like Bacon, a proponent of experimentation, provided the archetypal example of how both 4240: 1162:, applied to humanity and politics. Notable attempts to improve upon the methodological approach of Hobbes include those of 3869: 1507:, argued for a new methodological approach. It was an experimental based approach to science, which sought no knowledge of 851:("presently, just now", also "method"), is attested from the 5th century CE, at first in the context of distinguishing the 678:. It also encompasses the social relations associated with the rise of capitalism, and shifts in attitudes associated with 1412:

definition, thereby: "Modernity is not Westernization, and its key processes and dynamics can be found in all societies".

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Modernity has been associated with cultural and intellectual movements of 1436–1789 and extending to the 1970s or later.

8343: 6617: 4517: 4152: 3610:, translated by Gabrielle Peiffer and Emmanuel Lévinas. Bibliothèque Société Francaise de Philosophie. Paris: A. Colin. 3264: 1430:), and the consequent secularization. According to writers like Fackenheim and Husserl, modern thought repudiates the 451: 360: 9505: 7350: 4500: 4454: 4446: 4410: 4385: 4371: 4363: 4355: 4340: 4332: 4317: 4309: 4263: 4255: 4233: 4225: 4210: 4202: 4185: 4132: 4115: 4107: 4087: 4079: 4062: 4032: 4015: 4007: 3983: 3975: 3881: 3860: 3852: 3835: 3776: 3750: 3742: 3729: 3721: 3713: 3693: 3673: 3665: 3629: 3562: 3536: 3522: 3514: 3471: 3439: 3419: 3402: 3394: 3369: 3361: 3303: 3281: 3234: 3210: 3165: 3157: 3149: 3129: 3116: 3108: 3100: 3092: 3063: 3035: 6569: 1663:"Reductive naturalism (which reduces what is reliably known to what one can see, hear, and empirically investigate)" 643:

proper. While it includes a wide range of interrelated historical processes and cultural phenomena (from fashion to

9316: 9236: 9216: 3175: 3139: 1672: 1007:, modernity is periodized into three conventional phases dubbed "Early", "Classical", and "Late" by Peter Osborne: 4462: 3870:

Modernity Is a Qualitative, Not a Chronological, Category: Notes on the Dialectics of Differential Historical Time

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in 1945, or as late as the period falling between the 1980s and 1990s; the following era is often referred to as "

8112: 860: 662:; political and intellectual currents that intersect with the Enlightenment; and subsequent developments such as 2995:. 1931. "Psychoanalysis and Medicine" (lecture read before the Harvey Society in New York on January 15, 1931). 1675:(in a particular definition of the Catholic Church) is a danger to the Christian faith. Pope Pius IX compiled a 7571: 7564: 7386: 4522: 4505: 4488: 4127:, edited by Thomas Goddard Bergin and Max Harold Fisch. Cornell Paperbacks. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 3737:

Larraín, Jorge. 2000. "Identity and Modernity in Latin America". Cambridge, UK: Polity; Malden, MA: Blackwell.

3247: 1708:, and personal visibility. Generally, the large-scale social integration constituting modernity, involves the: 1434:

belief in the Biblical God as a mere relic of superstitious ages. It all started with Descartes' revolutionary

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Of the available conceptual definitions in sociology, modernity is "marked and defined by an obsession with '

1403:, the comparative analysis of civilizations, and the post-colonial perspective of "alternative modernities", 460: 9276: 9145: 6593: 4707: 4002:. Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. 3500: 3462:

Harriss, John. 2000. "The Second Great Transformation? Capitalism at the End of the Twentieth Century." In

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Increased competitiveness among people in the society (survival of the fittest) as the jungle rule sets in.

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on the other hand, together could lead to great advances in the practical understanding of regularities in

149: 4074:, third edition, edited by Leo Strauss and Joseph Cropsey, 296–317. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 3414:, third edition, edited by Leo Strauss and Joseph Cropsey, 476–512. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 432: 427: 8578: 8052: 7664: 7592: 6641: 6426: 3961:, third edition, edited by Leo Strauss and Joseph Cropsey, 456–475. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 3487:, edited by Albert Zimmermann, 21–39. Miscellanea Mediaevalia 9. Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter. 3196:, third edition, edited by Leo Strauss and Joseph Cropsey, 369–420. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1804: 1654:"Moral relativism (which says that what is right is dictated by culture, social location, and situation)" 1380: 988:

had gone beyond what had been possible in the Classical period of the Greco-Roman civilization. The term

554: 313: 17: 3688:, edited by Edward T. Oakes and David Moss, 256–68. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. 2488:"A critique of the ontology of consumer enchantment: A critique of the ontology of consumer enchantment" 1348:, modernity is closely associated with the processes of rationalization and disenchantment of the world. 9490: 9459: 8105: 7863: 7613: 7522: 4553: 2468: 1631: 852: 824: 115: 8722: 1426:

Central to modernity is emancipation from religion, specifically the hegemony of Christianity (mainly

9346: 9296: 8226: 7833: 5910: 4996: 4437: 4190: 1829: 1623:– as a discrete "term applied to the cultural condition in which the seemingly absolute necessity of 1107: 4250:

Crouch, Christopher. 2000. "Modernism in Art Design and Architecture," New York: St. Martins Press.

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Private Vices by the dextrous Management of a skilful Politician may be turned into Publick Benefits

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in the 18th and 19th century. Modern art therefore belongs only to the later phases of modernity.

1055: 446: 441: 258: 9485: 9416: 8727: 8084: 7933: 7671: 7557: 6733: 5268: 4574: 3509:, translated by William Lovitt, 115–54, Harper Colophon Books (New York: Harper & Row, 1977) 1784: 985: 965: 923: 323: 9080: 8702: 8614: 7798: 7755: 7606: 6677: 5958: 5390: 5294: 5191: 4140: 3913:" (Encyclical on the Doctrines of the Modernists). Vatican website (accessed 25 September 2018) 3650:, edited by Stephen Pascoe, Virginie Rey, and Paul James, 31–54. Melbourne: Arena Publications. 1689: 1685: 1400: 728: 547: 305: 239: 61: 3771:, edited by Jim Drobnick, 19–35. Toronto: YYZ Books; Banff: Walter Phillips Gallery Editions. 3272:

Davies, Oliver (2004). "The Theological Aesthetics". In Oakes, Edward T.; Moss, David (eds.).

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from 1910 until this directive was rescinded in 1967, in keeping with the directives of the

1154:, attempts were made to use the methods of the new modern physical sciences, as proposed by 422: 9426: 9226: 8687: 8042: 7990: 7883: 7826: 7791: 7578: 7434: 6287: 4641: 4170:

Adem, Seifudein. 2004. "Decolonizing Modernity: Ibn-Khaldun and Modern Historiography." In

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Important modern political doctrines which stem from the new Machiavellian realism include

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Antiqui und Moderni: Traditionsbewußtsein und Fortschrittsbewußtsein im späten Mittelalter

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Heidegger, Martin. 1938. "Die Zeit des Weltbildes". Two English translations, both as "

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increased level of excessive stratification in terms of social life of a modern man

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6, no. 3 / 7. no. 1:94–117. (Archive from 24 May 2013, accessed 6 December 2017.)

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man became a victim of the underlying circumstances presented by the modern world

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Modernist republicanism openly influenced the foundation of republics during the

1004: 907: 887: 797: 732: 510: 192: 6398: 6217: 5993: 5497: 4849: 4366:(pbk); Cambridge, UK: Polity Press in association with Basil Blackwell, Oxford. 3620:. In Olsen, Jan Kyrre Berg; Pedersen, Stig Andur; Hendricks, Vincent F. (eds.). 9436: 9326: 9256: 9155: 9130: 9000: 8970: 8930: 8895: 8752: 8677: 8662: 8657: 8548: 8538: 8248: 8199: 8037: 8000: 7720: 7650: 7643: 7585: 7529: 7499: 7362: 7274: 7204: 7149: 7128: 7051: 7044: 7037: 6898: 6856: 6842: 6821: 6772: 6517: 6510: 6489: 6482: 6433: 6412: 6405: 6168: 5979: 5972: 5951: 5935: 5868: 5854: 5742: 5581: 5560: 5553: 5476: 5462: 5448: 5330: 5198: 5079: 5059: 5038: 4975: 4835: 4605: 4391: 3591: 3291: 3218: 3019: 1819: 1774: 1759: 1705: 1647: 1616: 1575: 1469: 1454: 1435: 1360: 1356: 1303: 1167: 1075: 1067: 915: 720: 683: 679: 671: 663: 644: 640: 582: 229: 48:

For the early 20th-century movement in literature, visual arts, and music, see

6329: 5986: 5651: 5261: 5142: 4415: 3946:

Social Discipline, Democracy, and Modernity: Are They All Uniquely 'European'?

3813:, edited by Ted Honderich, 583. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. 2981:

The Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project

1592:

After modernist political thinking had already become widely known in France,

989: 9474: 9441: 9150: 9135: 9125: 9110: 9060: 9015: 8975: 8910: 8905: 8875: 8742: 8682: 8624: 8348: 8162: 8067: 8047: 7741: 7706: 7599: 7281: 7225: 7211: 7058: 6919: 6814: 6807: 6793: 6503: 6384: 6252: 6147: 6105: 6056: 5889: 5882: 5847: 5812: 5763: 5735: 5658: 5254: 5184: 5156: 5128: 5031: 4947: 4891: 4877: 4870: 4856: 4764: 4744: 4662: 4634: 4177: 3364:. Second Vintage reprint edition, New York and Toronto: Vintage Books, 1995. 1799: 1512: 1503: 1498: 1331: 1323: 1210: 1155: 1151: 1099: 1063: 1030: 934: 793: 785: 750: 742: 738: 687: 621: 601: 503: 178: 69: 35: 6014: 4919: 4682: 3708:, edited by Nikolas Kompridis, 32–59. Abingdon, UK and New York: Routledge. 9120: 9115: 9090: 9020: 8955: 8915: 8885: 8880: 8792: 8782: 8672: 8407: 8402: 8390: 8311: 8297: 8221: 7536: 7374: 7267: 7239: 7174: 7142: 7114: 7079: 7072: 7065: 7030: 6996: 6912: 6870: 6721: 6710: 6700: 6629: 6447: 6419: 6357: 6350: 6336: 6308: 6280: 6245: 6238: 6210: 6196: 6182: 6161: 6070: 6028: 6021: 5861: 5833: 5784: 5770: 5644: 5609: 5504: 5490: 5427: 5354: 5247: 5205: 5003: 4828: 4441:, translated by Catherine Porter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 4432: 1824: 1779: 1754: 1571: 1533: 1529: 1487: 1214: 1205: 1182: 942: 789: 781: 632: 617: 200: 173: 5749: 3644:

They Have Never Been Modern? Then What Is the Problem with Those Persians?

2444: 2427: 1441:

Theologians have adapted in different ways to the challenge of modernity.

894:

referred to a contemporary scholar, as opposed to old authorities such as

847: 9401: 9196: 9170: 9165: 8965: 8950: 8817: 8797: 8777: 8629: 8604: 8563: 8424: 8333: 8323: 8285: 8243: 8206: 8172: 8016: 7957: 7849: 7748: 7629: 7488: 7479: 7295: 7218: 6259: 6224: 6140: 6133: 5875: 5777: 5665: 5595: 5532: 5409: 5275: 5135: 5093: 5045: 4982: 4961: 4954: 4926: 4842: 4785: 4625: 4527:

Modernity as Experience and Interpretation: A New Sociology of Modernity.

4180:. 1958. "The Origins Of Totalitarianism" Cleavland: World Publishing Co. 3968:

Post-modernism and the Social Sciences: Insights, Inroads, and Intrusions

3681: 3298:, edited by George Ritzer. 11 vols. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishing. 2765: 1612: 1605: 1596:'s re-examination of human nature led to a new criticism of the value of 1515:, and his proposal that leaders should aim to control their own fortune. 1508: 1235: 1223: 1219: 1140: 1111: 981: 868: 804: 605: 379: 374: 244: 94: 4510:

Theorizing Modernity. Inescapability and Attainability in Social Theory.

3660:, edited by Pamela Kraus and Frank Hunt. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books. 3276:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 131–142. 3205:. Ideas in Context. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. 9406: 9366: 8935: 8925: 8802: 8732: 8619: 8588: 8568: 8512: 8507: 8462: 8357: 8057: 8021: 7978: 7678: 7232: 7003: 6926: 6905: 6786: 6454: 6440: 6189: 6175: 6112: 6035: 5924: 5791: 5728: 5588: 5418: 5219: 5177: 5114: 4771: 4301:

The First Moderns: Profiles in the Origins of Twentieth-Century Thought

3457:(24 September; reissued online, 21 October 2011) (accessed 03/27/2015). 3427: 2486:

Ostergaard, Per; Fitchett, James; Jantzen, Christian (September 2013).

1660:"Narcissistic hedonism (which focuses on egocentric personal pleasure)" 1624: 1587: 1475: 1457: 1421: 1175: 1163: 1143:. Both these principles are enshrined within the constitutions of most 1115: 836: 812: 746: 698: 667: 590: 578: 395: 205: 158: 133: 79: 9446: 9396: 9160: 9035: 8762: 8533: 8457: 8364: 8338: 7961: 7913: 7873: 7727: 7550: 7260: 6343: 6098: 5965: 5686: 5637: 5602: 5163: 4590: 1620: 1372: 1345: 1327: 1319: 1263: 1231: 1227: 1017:

People were beginning to experience a more modern life (Laughey, 31).

758: 724: 659: 219: 83: 49: 8097: 3124:

Bauman, Zygmunt. 2000. "Liquid Modernity". Cambridge: Polity Press.

3087:. Cambridge: Polity Press.; Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. 2506: 960:

The word entered wide usage in the context of the late 17th-century

9371: 8847: 8573: 8543: 8502: 8497: 8263: 8238: 7909: 5567: 5434: 4792: 4753: 4737: 4723: 4614: 3525:, and (this essay translated by Julian Young) in Martin Heidegger, 1701: 1593: 1537: 1523: 1492: 1340: 210: 107: 4218:

Popular Modernity in America: Experience, Technology, Mythohistory

3555:

National, Cultural, and Ethnic Identities: Harmony Beyond Conflict

2987:

of the University of Michigan Library (accessed 19 December 2010).

2835:

Plains Indian History and Culture: Essays on Continuity and Change

1671:

Within Roman Catholicism, Pope Pius IX and Pope Pius X claim that

1650:'s perspective, modernity is marked by "four fundamental values": 8609: 8472: 8253: 8211: 8194: 7326: 6364: 5826: 5441: 4730: 4714: 4700: 3767:

Leppert, Richard. 2004. "The Social Discipline of Listening." In

3223:

An Essay on Man: An Introduction to a Philosophy of Human Culture

3078:, edited and translated by Jonathan Mayne. London: Phaidon Press. 1483: 675: 598: 594: 4241:

Il concetto di modernità in Jürgen Habermas. Un indice ragionato

4110:. Paperback reprint 1992, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 3544:

Henry, John. 2004. "Science and the Coming of Enlightenment" in

3047:

Of the Proficience and Advancement of Learning, Divine and Human

2984: 819: 1860–1970. Use of the term in this sense is attributed to 9391: 8482: 8452: 8304: 8216: 8147: 4648: 4548: 4285:, version: 2.0, in: Docupedia Zeitgeschichte, 22. November 2018 3583: 1958: 1597: 1541: 1479: 741:. The modern era is closely associated with the development of 534: 7818: 2019: 8492: 8487: 8467: 8275: 3387:

Conversations with Anthony Giddens: Making Sense of Modernity

2974: 655: 4559: 4396:

The Psychologizing of Modernity: Art, Architecture, History.

4327:. A Millennial Quartet Book. Durham: Duke University Press. 2620: 1044:

Consisted of the globalization of modern life (Laughey, 31).

8477: 5121: 4655: 4463:"Les libéraux face aux révolutions: 1688, 1789, 1917, 1933" 4025:

Voltaire's Bastards: The Dictatorship of Reason in the West

3348:, translated by Alan Sheridan. London: Penguin Books, Ltd. 2983:, translated by Richard N. Schwab and Walter . Ann Arbor: 2644: 1722:

increased specialization of the segments of society, i.e.,

1243: 919: 3787:

The Fable of the Bees, or, Private Vices, Publick Benefits

3259:. Lanham, Boulder, New York and Oxford: Lexington Books. 3201:

Bock, Gisela, Quentin Skinner, and Maurizio Viroli. 1990.

2295: 2031: 1989:

Marx, Durkheim, Weber: Formations of Modern Social Thought

4027:. New York: Free Press; Maxwell Macmillan International. 3922:". Papal Encyclicals Online (accessed 25 September 2018). 3200: 2691: 2521: 2485: 2329: 2193: 2007: 1936: 1934: 1921: 1919: 1014:: 1500–1789 (or 1453–1789 in traditional historiography) 922:, i.e. referring to the time after the foundation of the 3830:. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. 2876: 674:, and contemporaneous antithetical developments such as 604:, attitudes and practices that arose in the wake of the 3011:

The Scope of Psychoanalysis, 1921–1961: Selected Papers

2074: 867:. In the 6th century CE, Roman historian and statesman 30:"Modern life" redirects here. For the French film, see 3931:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. 2608: 2407: 2383: 2062: 2052: 2050: 2048: 2046: 1931: 1916: 9247:

The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

4048:. (Subscription access, accessed September 21, 2009). 2939: 2668: 2584: 2550: 2548: 2533: 2428:"Modernity and Enchantment: A Historiographic Review" 2395: 2371: 2235: 2098: 2086: 765:, many of which come from the effects of rapid change 27:

Historical period and socio-cultural norm or attitude

3795:. Edinburgh: Printed for W. Gray and W. Peter, 1755. 3790:. London: Printed for J. Roberts. Ninth edition, as 3658:

On Modern Origins: Essays in Early Modern Philosophy

3506:

The Question Concerning Technology, and Other Essays

3356:. American edition, New York: Pantheon Books, 1978. 3160:. Paperback reprint New York: Viking Penguin, 1988. 3018: 2714: 2596: 1964: 1518:

Influenced both by Galileo's new physics and Bacon,

1091:

Politically, modernity's earliest phase starts with

957:

in the sense of "every-day, ordinary, commonplace".

6558:

A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

3571: 2903: 2893: 2891: 2741: 2283: 2259: 2211: 2134: 2043: 4290:Comparative Civilizations and Multiple Modernities 4245:The Lab's Quarterly/Il Trimestrale del Laboratorio 3313:Comparative Civilizations and Multiple Modernities 2927: 2915: 2823:The new Cambridge modern history: Companion volume 2572: 2560: 2545: 4493:A Sociology of Modernity: Liberty and Discipline. 3686:The Cambridge Companion to Hans Urs von Balthasar 3557:. Council for Research in Values and philosophy. 3378:Modernus und andere Zeitbegriffe des Mittelalters 3274:The Cambridge Companion to Hans Urs von Balthasar 2864: 2777: 2271: 2247: 2146: 1970: 1615:keeps the term modernity distinct from the terms 1269:The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism 753:the possibilities of technological and political 9472: 3842: 3648:Making Modernity from the Mashriq to the Maghreb 2888: 2858: 2365: 2353: 1946: 4380:. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 3970:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. 3389:. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. 2771: 1279:. In the most basic terms, British sociologist 941:, by the 15th century, and hence, in the early 4070:Strauss, Leo. 1987. "Niccolò Machiavelli". In 3346:Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison 875:("modern") regularly to refer to his own age. 8113: 7834: 4575: 3957:Rosen, Stanley. 1987. "Benedict Spinoza". In 3874:Postmodernism and the Re-reading of Modernity 3825: 3464:Poverty and Development into the 21st Century 2025: 1313: 1135:), and also the doctrine of a constitutional 871:appears to have been the first writer to use 796:over other continents has been criticized by 612:of 17th-century thought and the 18th-century 555: 8355: 8309: 8295: 7497: 7486: 4680: 4669: 4623: 4612: 3008:(1932): 63–84. Reprinted in Franz Alexander 910:as younger than the Greco-Roman scholars of 4751: 4197:. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications. 4195:Baroque Reason: The Aesthetics of Modernity 3996:The Discourses and Other Political Writings 3809:Norris, Christopher. 1995. "Modernism." In 3622:A Companion to the Philosophy of Technology 3552: 3337:Surveiller et punir: naissance de la prison 3192:Berns, Laurence. 1987. "Thomas Hobbes". In 3076:The Painter of Modern Life and Other Essays 2998:Journal of the American Medical Association 2002:The Blackwell Companion to Religious Ethics 1940: 1522:argued soon afterward that mathematics and 8120: 8106: 7841: 7827: 4582: 4568: 4100:Cosmopolis: The Hidden Agenda of Modernity 3843:Orwin, Clifford, and Nathan Tarcov. 1997. 3783: 3655: 3432:Capitalism and Modernity: The Great Debate 3319: 3310: 3070: 2882: 2759: 2735: 2626: 2614: 2164: 1850: 886:were used in a chronological sense in the 562: 548: 3944:Regilme, Salvador Santino F., Jr. 2012. " 3799: 3700: 3498: 3241: 2991: 2662: 2650: 2527: 2443: 2241: 2013: 1139:in government, first clearly proposed by 770:loss of strength of traditional religious 654:idea, modernity is closely linked to the 4405:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 4323:Gaonkar, Dilip Parameshwar (ed.). 2001. 4304:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 4057:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 3990: 3847:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 3684:. 2004. "Balthasar and Karl Rahner". In 3478: 3410:Goldwin, Robert. 1987. "John Locke". In 3343: 3331: 3217: 2697: 2466: 2301: 2037: 1646:From conservative Protestant theologian 1262:Cover of the original German edition of 1257: 1242:, including, in one extreme, the German 1074:, Giddens labels it high modernity (see 4350:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 4139: 4094: 4069: 4052: 3965: 3943: 3929:Machiavelli's Liberal Republican Legacy 3888: 3867: 3766: 3757: 3736: 3590: 3553:Hroch, Jaroslav; Hollan, David (1998). 3517:(New York: Garland Publications, 1977) 3461: 3409: 3384: 3290: 3014:, 483–500. New York: Basic Books, 1961. 2945: 2909: 2795: 2720: 2638: 2539: 2401: 2389: 2377: 2265: 2217: 2140: 2128: 2104: 2092: 2068: 2056: 1861: 1297:here explicitly does not mean replaced. 980:(1687), proposed that more than a mere 962:quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns 14: 9473: 4398:Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3917: 3908: 3808: 3375: 3271: 3172: 3136: 3123: 3082: 3053: 2961: 2933: 2921: 2847:Weber, irrationality, and social order 2674: 2602: 2590: 2578: 2566: 2554: 2116: 2080: 1925: 8127: 8101: 7822: 7423:Six Characters in Search of an Author 4563: 4039: 3956: 3804:. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 3680: 3638: 3548:, edited by Martin Fitzpatrick et al. 3543: 3426: 3191: 3056:Cultural Studies: Theory and Practice 3044: 2870: 2783: 2747: 2425: 2413: 2313: 2277: 2253: 1952: 1895: 784:has been most recently criticized by 34:. For the 2022 album by Lo Moon, see 4122: 4022: 3926: 3615: 3448: 3325:Martin Buber's Concept of Revelation 3254: 2897: 2467:Crawford, Jason (7 September 2020). 2341: 2289: 2229: 2205: 2181: 2152: 1976: 906:referred to authorities regarded in 778:reactions against modern development 763:other perceived problems of this era 686:, modernization and post-industrial 4292:, 2 vols. Leiden and Boston: Brill. 3315:, 2 vols. Leiden and Boston: Brill. 3296:Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology 3001:96, no. 17:1351–1358. Reprinted in 933:The Latin adjective was adopted in 24: 6618:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 4163: 3811:The Oxford Companion to Philosophy 3762:. New York: University Open Press. 3030:. University of California Press. 2975:d'Alembert, Jean Le Rond. 2009 . " 2970:, Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp, 1966.) 1965:Almond, Chodorow & Pearce 1982 1025:: 1789–1900 (corresponding to the 729:movements thought of as opposed to 25: 9517: 4541: 4040:Smith, Terry. 2003. "Modernity". 3950:Hamburg Review of Social Sciences 2469:"The Trouble with Re-Enchantment" 1415: 1302:encompassed both enchantment and 593:) and the ensemble of particular 9317:The Closing of the American Mind 9237:Civilization and Its Discontents 9217:A Vindication of Natural Society 7805: 7804: 4547: 3607:Introduction á la phénoménologie 3453:" (interview with Thomas Oden). 3176:All That Is Solid Melts into Air 3144:. New York: Simon and Schuster. 3140:All That Is Solid Melts into Air 1565: 1474:In the 16th and 17th centuries, 7848: 4481:Vinje, Victor Condorcet. 2017. 4460:Perreau-Saussine, Emile. 2005. 4288:Eisenstadt, Shmuel Noah. 2003. 4216:Carroll, Michael Thomas. 2000. 4172:Islam: Past, Present and Future 4072:History of Political Philosophy 3959:History of Political Philosophy 3412:History of Political Philosophy 3311:Eisenstadt, Shmuel Noah. 2003. 3194:History of Political Philosophy 2954: 2840: 2828: 2816: 2801: 2703: 2680: 2479: 2460: 2419: 1991:by Kenneth L. Morrison. p. 294. 1888: 1879:Quotation from Heidegger 1938: 1873: 1843: 1253: 845:, a derivation from the adverb 658:of philosophical and aesthetic 7572:Grosvenor School of Modern Art 7565:Fourth dimension in literature 4422:. Belgrade: Službeni glasnik. 3966:Rosenau, Pauline Marie. 1992. 3180:. London and Brooklyn: Verso. 2432:The American Historical Review 2330:Bock, Skinner, and Viroli 1990 2194:Bock, Skinner, and Viroli 1990 1994: 1982: 1641: 1125:'s influential proposal that " 670:, the formal establishment of 13: 1: 9207:Oration on the Dignity of Man 7934:creation of chemical elements 4589: 4348:The Consequences of Modernity 3203:Machiavelli and Republicanism 3178:: The Experience of Modernity 3142:: The Experience of Modernity 3026:; Pearce, Roy Harvey (1982). 2495:Journal of Consumer Behaviour 1910: 1790:Modernism (Roman Catholicism) 1712:increased movement of goods, 1463: 1081: 984:of ancient achievements, the 816: 650:As an analytical concept and 9277:The Society of the Spectacle 3501:The Age of the World Picture 3449:Hall, Christopher A. 1990. " 3028:Progress and Its Discontents 1375:. Contemporary sociological 1129:" (the last sentence of his 1086: 830: 811:) has a more limited sense, 7: 7665:List of avant-garde artists 6642:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari 4483:The Challenges of Modernity 3998:, edited and translated by 3784:Mandeville, Bernard. 1714. 3656:Kennington, Richard. 2004. 3479:Hartmann, Wilfried. 1974. " 3085:Modernity and the Holocaust 2985:Scholarly Publishing Office 2473:Los Angeles Review of Books 1805:Rationalization (sociology) 1742: 1726:, and area inter-dependency 1581: 1399:Consequent to debate about 782:belief in constant progress 10: 9522: 7864:Chronology of the universe 7523:Classical Hollywood cinema 4403:Modernity on Endless Trial 4191:Buci-Glucksmann, Christine 4123:Vico, Giambattista. 1984. 4023:Saul, John Ralston. 1992. 3920:The Oath Against Modernism 3826:O'Donnell, James J. 1979. 3760:Key Themes in Media Theory 3575:A Treatise of Human Nature 3422:(cloth); 0226777103 (pbk). 1695: 1632:The Painter of Modern Life 1585: 1467: 1419: 1314:Cultural and philosophical 1234:, and the modern forms of 1226:, and eventually both the 1041:Late modernity: 1900–1989 825:The Painter of Modern Life 692: 47: 40: 29: 9455: 9359: 9347:Intellectuals and Society 9297:The Culture of Narcissism 9188: 8856: 8648: 8597: 8526: 8440: 8433: 8373: 8135: 8076: 8030: 8009: 7897: 7856: 7786: 7464: 7305: 7173: 7013: 6762: 6751: 6594:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon 6548: 6374: 5934: 5417: 5408: 5285: 5069: 4811: 4802: 4597: 4478:no. 109 (Spring): 181–93. 4438:We Have Never Been Modern 4401:Kolakowsi, Leszek. 1990. 4096:Toulmin, Stephen Edelston 3800:Mansfield, Harvey. 1989. 3706:Philosophical Romanticism 3618:"Technology and politics" 3597:Méditations cartésiennes. 2962:Adorno, Theodor W. 1973. 2808:The European Reformations 2426:Saler, M. (1 June 2006). 1830:East-West Cultural Debate 995: 823:, who in his 1863 essay " 9506:Sociological terminology 9337:The Malaise of Modernity 9287:The History of Sexuality 8386:Catholic social teaching 5379:The Master and Margarita 4346:Giddens, Anthony. 1990. 4247:2:396ff. ISSN 2035-5548. 4102:. New York: Free Press. 3911:Pascendi Dominici gregis 3895:Papal Encyclicals Online 3891:"The Syllabus of Errors" 3586:Oxford: Clarendon Press. 3503:", in Martin Heidegger, 3385:Giddens, Anthony. 1998. 3344:Foucault, Michel. 1977. 3173:Berman, Marshall. 2010. 3137:Berman, Marshall. 1982. 1836: 1682:Pascendi dominici gregis 1552:experimental observation 1447:Traditionalist Catholics 1379:presents the concept of 766: 693:Part of this section is 41:Not to be confused with 9417:Philosophy of education 7991:Agricultural Revolution 7672:List of modernist poets 7558:Fourth dimension in art 6734:Meshes of the Afternoon 4325:Alternative Modernities 4141:Webster, Henry Kitchell 4055:Thoughts on Machiavelli 3868:Osborne, Peter. 1992. " 3580:Sir Amherst Selby Bigge 3546:The Enlightenment World 3083:Bauman, Zygmunt. 1989. 3020:Almond, Gabriel Abraham 1941:Hroch & Hollan 1998 1785:Modern Orthodox Judaism 1410:culturally relativistic 1283:describes modernity as 926:and/or the fall of the 924:Order of Saint Benedict 815:covering the period of 8356: 8310: 8296: 7756:Second Viennese School 7498: 7487: 5391:The Sound and the Fury 5295:In Search of Lost Time 4752: 4681: 4670: 4624: 4613: 4529:Polity Press: London. 4378:Modernism and Charisma 4376:Horváth, Ágnes, 2013. 4239:Corchia, Luca. 2008. " 4145:Early European History 3992:Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 3845:The Legacy of Rousseau 3376:Freund, Walter. 1957. 3045:Bacon, Francis. 1828. 2772:d'Alembert & 2009 1903: 1885: 1870: 1859: 1690:Second Vatican Council 1686:Oath against modernism 1509:formal or final causes 1401:economic globalization 1397: 1391: 1350: 1299: 1289: 1272: 1054:Some authors, such as 792:of Western Europe and 9422:Philosophy of history 9412:Philosophy of culture 9307:A Conflict of Visions 7735:Reactionary modernism 7658:List of art movements 4485:. Nisus Publications. 3294:. 2007. "Modernity." 3054:Barker, Chris. 2005. 3049:. London: J. F. Dove. 2977:Preliminary Discourse 2859:Orwin and Tarcov 1997 2445:10.1086/ahr.111.3.692 2366:Orwin and Tarcov 1997 2354:Orwin and Tarcov 1997 1899: 1880: 1865: 1854: 1547:on the one hand, and 1392: 1386: 1336: 1294: 1285: 1261: 1197:(1789–1799), and the 749:, urbanization and a 150:Age of the human race 9427:Political philosophy 9227:Democracy in America 8043:Cynthia Stokes Brown 7948:formation of planets 7884:Goldilocks principle 7579:Hanshinkan Modernism 7435:The Threepenny Opera 7351:Pelléas et Mélisande 4556:at Wikimedia Commons 4296:Everdell, William R. 4053:Strauss, Leo. 1958. 3927:Rahe, Paul A. 2006. 3758:Laughey, Dan. 2007. 3572:Hume, David. 1896 . 3528:Off the Beaten Track 3257:Postmodern Anarchism 3103:(Polity, 1991 pbk), 1501:, especially in his 1277:Age of Enlightenment 1137:separation of powers 947:Early Modern English 928:Western Roman Empire 900:early medieval usage 768:, and the connected 626:contemporary history 43:Modernization theory 9267:One-Dimensional Man 8017:Big History Project 8010:Web-based education 7857:Themes and subjects 7637:International Style 7387:Afternoon of a Faun 6666:Battleship Potemkin 6570:Mont Sainte-Victoir 4495:Routledge: London. 4282:Moderne (modernity) 4147:. Forgotten Books. 3451:Back to the Fathers 3321:Fackenheim, Emil L. 3255:Call, Lewis. 2003. 2964:Negative Dialectics 2000:William Schweiker, 1815:Traditional society 1770:Islam and modernity 1495:using mathematics. 1369:commodity fetishism 1191:American Revolution 1118:, and many others. 1093:Niccolò Machiavelli 1023:Classical modernity 951:William Shakespeare 912:Classical antiquity 798:postcolonial theory 776:, have led to many 225:Classical antiquity 9387:Cultural pessimism 9382:Cultural criticism 8281:National character 7516:Buddhist modernism 7473:American modernism 7399:The Rite of Spring 5367:The Sun Also Rises 5343:The Magic Mountain 4280:Dipper, Christof: 3702:Kompridis, Nikolas 3616:Ihde, Don (2009). 3455:Christianity Today 3111:(Cornell, cloth), 2968:Negative Dialektik 1795:Mythopoeic thought 1750:Buddhist modernism 1677:Syllabus of Errors 1353:Critical theorists 1273: 1199:Haitian Revolution 1145:modern democracies 1104:Marchamont Needham 966:Académie Française 896:Benedict of Nursia 857:Later Roman Empire 821:Charles Baudelaire 803:In the context of 32:Modern Life (film) 9491:Postmodern theory 9468: 9467: 9184: 9183: 8329:Spontaneous order 8319:Social alienation 8168:Cultural heritage 8129:Social philosophy 8095: 8094: 7970:- development of 7962:evolution of life 7924:creation of stars 7816: 7815: 7544:Experimental film 7460: 7459: 7447:Waiting for Godot 6747: 6746: 5404: 5403: 5307:The Metamorphosis 4552:Media related to 4535:978-0-7456-4218-5 4428:978-86-519-0449-6 4275:978-1-138-06820-9 4046:Oxford Art Online 4000:Victor Gourevitch 3937:978-0-521-85187-9 3819:978-0-19-866132-0 3802:Taming the Prince 3493:978-3-11-004538-3 3354:978-0-14-013722-4 3186:978-1-84467-644-6 3152:. London: Verso. 3095:(Polity, cloth); 3074:, Charles. 1964. 1765:Industrialization 1724:division of labor 1428:Roman Catholicism 1405:Shmuel Eisenstadt 1240:French Revolution 1195:French Revolution 1193:(1775–1783), the 1187:English Civil War 1174:, and Rousseau. 1172:Giambattista Vico 1132:Fable of the Bees 1070:calls this phase 1027:long 19th century 892:magister modernus 890:. For example, a 865:Greco-Roman world 807:, modernity (Fr. 637:long 19th century 587:historical period 577:, a topic in the 572: 571: 524: 523: 516:Political history 141: 129: 99: 95:Pleistocene epoch 16:(Redirected from 9513: 9432:Social criticism 9352: 9342: 9332: 9322: 9312: 9302: 9292: 9282: 9272: 9262: 9252: 9242: 9232: 9222: 9212: 9202: 8438: 8437: 8420:Frankfurt School 8398:Communitarianism 8361: 8315: 8301: 8122: 8115: 8108: 8099: 8098: 7898:Eight thresholds 7869:Cosmic evolution 7843: 7836: 7829: 7820: 7819: 7808: 7807: 7779: 7777:Vulgar modernism 7772: 7770:Underground film 7765: 7758: 7751: 7744: 7737: 7730: 7723: 7716: 7709: 7702: 7695: 7688: 7681: 7674: 7667: 7660: 7653: 7646: 7639: 7632: 7623: 7616: 7609: 7602: 7595: 7593:Hippie modernism 7588: 7581: 7574: 7567: 7560: 7553: 7546: 7539: 7532: 7525: 7518: 7511: 7509:Bloomsbury Group 7504: 7503: 7493: 7492: 7482: 7475: 7453: 7452: 7441: 7440: 7429: 7428: 7417: 7416: 7405: 7404: 7393: 7392: 7381: 7380: 7369: 7368: 7357: 7356: 7345: 7344: 7333: 7332: 7321: 7320: 7298: 7291: 7284: 7277: 7270: 7263: 7256: 7249: 7242: 7235: 7228: 7221: 7214: 7207: 7200: 7193: 7186: 7166: 7159: 7152: 7145: 7138: 7131: 7124: 7117: 7110: 7103: 7096: 7089: 7082: 7075: 7068: 7061: 7054: 7047: 7040: 7033: 7026: 7006: 6999: 6992: 6985: 6978: 6971: 6964: 6957: 6950: 6943: 6936: 6929: 6922: 6915: 6908: 6901: 6894: 6887: 6880: 6873: 6866: 6859: 6852: 6845: 6838: 6831: 6824: 6817: 6810: 6803: 6796: 6789: 6782: 6775: 6760: 6759: 6740: 6739: 6728: 6727: 6716: 6715: 6706: 6705: 6696: 6695: 6690:Un Chien Andalou 6684: 6683: 6672: 6671: 6660: 6659: 6654:Ballet Mécanique 6648: 6647: 6636: 6635: 6624: 6623: 6612: 6611: 6600: 6599: 6588: 6587: 6582:The Starry Night 6576: 6575: 6564: 6563: 6541: 6534: 6527: 6520: 6513: 6506: 6499: 6492: 6485: 6478: 6471: 6464: 6457: 6450: 6443: 6436: 6429: 6422: 6415: 6408: 6401: 6394: 6387: 6367: 6360: 6353: 6346: 6339: 6332: 6325: 6318: 6311: 6304: 6297: 6290: 6283: 6276: 6269: 6262: 6255: 6248: 6241: 6234: 6227: 6220: 6213: 6206: 6199: 6192: 6185: 6178: 6171: 6164: 6157: 6150: 6143: 6136: 6129: 6122: 6115: 6108: 6101: 6094: 6087: 6080: 6073: 6066: 6059: 6052: 6045: 6038: 6031: 6024: 6017: 6010: 6003: 5996: 5989: 5982: 5975: 5968: 5961: 5954: 5947: 5927: 5920: 5913: 5911:Toulouse-Lautrec 5906: 5899: 5892: 5885: 5878: 5871: 5864: 5857: 5850: 5843: 5836: 5829: 5822: 5815: 5808: 5801: 5794: 5787: 5780: 5773: 5766: 5759: 5752: 5745: 5738: 5731: 5724: 5717: 5710: 5703: 5696: 5689: 5682: 5675: 5668: 5661: 5654: 5647: 5640: 5633: 5626: 5619: 5612: 5605: 5598: 5591: 5584: 5577: 5570: 5563: 5556: 5549: 5542: 5535: 5528: 5521: 5514: 5507: 5500: 5493: 5486: 5479: 5472: 5465: 5458: 5451: 5444: 5437: 5430: 5415: 5414: 5397: 5396: 5385: 5384: 5373: 5372: 5361: 5360: 5349: 5348: 5337: 5336: 5325: 5324: 5313: 5312: 5301: 5300: 5278: 5271: 5264: 5257: 5250: 5243: 5236: 5229: 5222: 5215: 5208: 5201: 5194: 5187: 5180: 5173: 5166: 5159: 5152: 5145: 5138: 5131: 5124: 5117: 5110: 5103: 5096: 5089: 5082: 5062: 5055: 5048: 5041: 5034: 5027: 5020: 5013: 5006: 4999: 4992: 4985: 4978: 4971: 4964: 4957: 4950: 4943: 4936: 4929: 4922: 4915: 4908: 4901: 4894: 4887: 4880: 4873: 4866: 4859: 4852: 4845: 4838: 4831: 4824: 4809: 4808: 4795: 4788: 4781: 4774: 4767: 4758: 4757: 4747: 4740: 4733: 4726: 4717: 4710: 4703: 4694: 4687: 4686: 4676: 4675: 4672:Der Blaue Reiter 4665: 4658: 4651: 4644: 4637: 4630: 4629: 4619: 4618: 4608: 4584: 4577: 4570: 4561: 4560: 4551: 4473: 4469: 4467: 4158: 4143:(October 2008). 4136: 4119: 4091: 4066: 4049: 4042:Grove Art Online 4036: 4019: 3987: 3962: 3953: 3940: 3923: 3914: 3905: 3903: 3901: 3889:Pius IX (1864). 3885: 3864: 3839: 3822: 3805: 3796: 3780: 3763: 3754: 3733: 3697: 3677: 3651: 3635: 3600: 3587: 3568: 3549: 3540: 3495: 3475: 3458: 3445: 3423: 3406: 3381: 3372: 3340: 3333:Foucault, Michel 3328: 3316: 3307: 3287: 3268: 3251: 3238: 3214: 3197: 3188: 3169: 3133: 3120: 3079: 3067: 3058:. London: Sage. 3050: 3041: 3024:Chodorow, Marvin 3015: 2993:Alexander, Franz 2988: 2971: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2919: 2913: 2907: 2901: 2895: 2886: 2880: 2874: 2868: 2862: 2856: 2850: 2844: 2838: 2837:by John C. Ewers 2832: 2826: 2820: 2814: 2805: 2799: 2793: 2787: 2781: 2775: 2769: 2763: 2757: 2751: 2745: 2739: 2733: 2724: 2718: 2712: 2707: 2701: 2695: 2689: 2684: 2678: 2672: 2666: 2660: 2654: 2648: 2642: 2636: 2630: 2624: 2618: 2612: 2606: 2600: 2594: 2588: 2582: 2576: 2570: 2564: 2558: 2552: 2543: 2537: 2531: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2492: 2483: 2477: 2476: 2464: 2458: 2457: 2447: 2423: 2417: 2411: 2405: 2399: 2393: 2387: 2381: 2375: 2369: 2363: 2357: 2351: 2345: 2339: 2333: 2327: 2321: 2314:Hume & 1896 2311: 2305: 2299: 2293: 2287: 2281: 2275: 2269: 2263: 2257: 2251: 2245: 2239: 2233: 2227: 2221: 2215: 2209: 2203: 2197: 2191: 2185: 2179: 2168: 2162: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2138: 2132: 2126: 2120: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2084: 2078: 2072: 2066: 2060: 2054: 2041: 2035: 2029: 2023: 2017: 2011: 2005: 1998: 1992: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1968: 1962: 1956: 1950: 1944: 1938: 1929: 1923: 1904: 1892: 1886: 1877: 1871: 1847: 1810:Second modernity 1638:for structures. 1611:For this reason 1451:Eastern Orthodox 1443:Liberal theology 1238:inspired by the 1108:James Harrington 1072:liquid modernity 978:Charles Perrault 818: 767: 712: 564: 557: 550: 539: 533: 494:Age of Discovery 401: 400: 169:Earliest records 155:Recorded history 131: 119: 91: 89: 78: 57: 56: 21: 9521: 9520: 9516: 9515: 9514: 9512: 9511: 9510: 9501:Historical eras 9471: 9470: 9469: 9464: 9451: 9377:Critical theory 9355: 9350: 9340: 9330: 9320: 9310: 9300: 9290: 9280: 9270: 9260: 9250: 9240: 9230: 9220: 9210: 9200: 9180: 8858: 8852: 8650: 8644: 8593: 8522: 8429: 8381:Budapest School 8369: 8158:Cosmopolitanism 8131: 8126: 8096: 8091: 8072: 8053:David Christian 8026: 8005: 7893: 7852: 7847: 7817: 7812: 7803: 7795: 7782: 7775: 7768: 7763:Structural film 7761: 7754: 7747: 7740: 7733: 7726: 7719: 7714:New Objectivity 7712: 7705: 7700:Neo-romanticism 7698: 7693:Neo-primitivism 7691: 7684: 7677: 7670: 7663: 7656: 7649: 7642: 7635: 7628: 7619: 7612: 7605: 7598: 7591: 7584: 7577: 7570: 7563: 7556: 7549: 7542: 7535: 7528: 7521: 7514: 7507: 7496: 7485: 7478: 7471: 7456: 7450: 7444: 7438: 7432: 7426: 7420: 7414: 7408: 7402: 7396: 7390: 7384: 7378: 7372: 7366: 7360: 7354: 7348: 7342: 7339:Verklärte Nacht 7336: 7330: 7324: 7318: 7312: 7301: 7294: 7287: 7280: 7273: 7266: 7259: 7252: 7245: 7238: 7231: 7224: 7217: 7210: 7203: 7196: 7189: 7182: 7169: 7162: 7155: 7148: 7141: 7134: 7127: 7120: 7113: 7106: 7099: 7092: 7085: 7078: 7071: 7064: 7057: 7050: 7043: 7036: 7029: 7022: 7009: 7002: 6995: 6988: 6981: 6974: 6967: 6960: 6953: 6946: 6939: 6932: 6925: 6918: 6911: 6904: 6897: 6890: 6883: 6876: 6869: 6862: 6855: 6848: 6841: 6834: 6827: 6820: 6813: 6806: 6799: 6792: 6785: 6778: 6771: 6754: 6743: 6737: 6731: 6725: 6719: 6713: 6709: 6703: 6699: 6693: 6687: 6681: 6675: 6669: 6663: 6657: 6651: 6645: 6639: 6633: 6627: 6621: 6615: 6609: 6603: 6597: 6591: 6585: 6579: 6573: 6567: 6561: 6555: 6544: 6537: 6530: 6523: 6516: 6509: 6502: 6495: 6488: 6481: 6474: 6467: 6460: 6453: 6446: 6439: 6432: 6425: 6418: 6411: 6404: 6397: 6390: 6383: 6370: 6363: 6356: 6349: 6342: 6335: 6328: 6321: 6314: 6307: 6300: 6293: 6286: 6279: 6272: 6265: 6258: 6251: 6244: 6237: 6230: 6223: 6216: 6209: 6202: 6195: 6188: 6181: 6174: 6167: 6160: 6153: 6146: 6139: 6132: 6125: 6118: 6111: 6104: 6097: 6090: 6083: 6076: 6069: 6062: 6055: 6048: 6041: 6034: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6006: 5999: 5992: 5985: 5978: 5971: 5964: 5957: 5950: 5943: 5930: 5923: 5916: 5909: 5902: 5895: 5888: 5881: 5874: 5867: 5860: 5853: 5846: 5839: 5832: 5825: 5818: 5811: 5804: 5797: 5790: 5783: 5776: 5769: 5762: 5755: 5748: 5741: 5734: 5727: 5720: 5713: 5706: 5699: 5692: 5685: 5678: 5671: 5664: 5657: 5650: 5643: 5636: 5629: 5622: 5615: 5608: 5601: 5594: 5587: 5580: 5573: 5566: 5559: 5552: 5545: 5538: 5531: 5524: 5517: 5510: 5503: 5496: 5489: 5482: 5475: 5468: 5461: 5454: 5447: 5440: 5433: 5426: 5400: 5394: 5388: 5382: 5376: 5370: 5364: 5358: 5352: 5346: 5340: 5334: 5328: 5322: 5316: 5310: 5304: 5298: 5292: 5281: 5274: 5267: 5260: 5253: 5246: 5239: 5232: 5225: 5218: 5211: 5204: 5197: 5190: 5185:Lowell (Robert) 5183: 5176: 5169: 5162: 5155: 5148: 5141: 5134: 5127: 5120: 5113: 5106: 5099: 5092: 5085: 5078: 5065: 5058: 5051: 5044: 5037: 5030: 5023: 5016: 5009: 5002: 4995: 4988: 4981: 4974: 4967: 4960: 4953: 4946: 4939: 4932: 4925: 4918: 4911: 4904: 4897: 4890: 4883: 4876: 4869: 4862: 4855: 4848: 4841: 4834: 4827: 4820: 4798: 4791: 4784: 4777: 4770: 4763: 4750: 4743: 4736: 4729: 4722: 4713: 4706: 4699: 4690: 4679: 4668: 4661: 4654: 4647: 4640: 4633: 4622: 4611: 4604: 4593: 4588: 4544: 4539: 4471: 4465: 4461: 4392:Jarzombek, Mark 4166: 4164:Further reading 4161: 4155: 3918:Pius X. 1910. " 3909:Pius X. 1907. " 3899: 3897: 3632: 3592:Husserl, Edmund 3565: 3442: 3292:Delanty, Gerard 3284: 3219:Cassirer, Ernst 3119:(Cornell, pbk). 3038: 2957: 2952: 2944: 2940: 2932: 2928: 2920: 2916: 2908: 2904: 2896: 2889: 2883:Baudelaire 1964 2881: 2877: 2869: 2865: 2857: 2853: 2845: 2841: 2833: 2829: 2821: 2817: 2812:Carter Lindberg 2806: 2802: 2794: 2790: 2782: 2778: 2770: 2766: 2760:Kennington 2004 2758: 2754: 2746: 2742: 2736:Kennington 2004 2734: 2727: 2719: 2715: 2708: 2704: 2696: 2692: 2685: 2681: 2673: 2669: 2661: 2657: 2649: 2645: 2637: 2633: 2627:Fackenheim 1957 2625: 2621: 2615:Eisenstadt 2003 2613: 2609: 2601: 2597: 2589: 2585: 2577: 2573: 2565: 2561: 2553: 2546: 2538: 2534: 2526: 2522: 2507:10.1002/cb.1438 2490: 2484: 2480: 2465: 2461: 2424: 2420: 2412: 2408: 2400: 2396: 2388: 2384: 2376: 2372: 2364: 2360: 2352: 2348: 2340: 2336: 2332:, chapt. 10,12. 2328: 2324: 2312: 2308: 2300: 2296: 2288: 2284: 2276: 2272: 2264: 2260: 2252: 2248: 2240: 2236: 2228: 2224: 2216: 2212: 2204: 2200: 2192: 2188: 2180: 2171: 2165:Kennington 2004 2163: 2159: 2151: 2147: 2139: 2135: 2127: 2123: 2115: 2111: 2103: 2099: 2091: 2087: 2079: 2075: 2067: 2063: 2055: 2044: 2036: 2032: 2024: 2020: 2012: 2008: 1999: 1995: 1987: 1983: 1975: 1971: 1963: 1959: 1951: 1947: 1939: 1932: 1924: 1917: 1913: 1908: 1907: 1894:Quotation from 1893: 1889: 1878: 1874: 1860:Quotation from 1851:Fackenheim 1957 1849:Quotation from 1848: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1745: 1698: 1644: 1602:German Idealism 1590: 1584: 1568: 1472: 1466: 1432:Judeo-Christian 1424: 1418: 1381:rationalization 1377:critical theory 1316: 1281:Anthony Giddens 1256: 1089: 1084: 1029:(1789–1914) in 1012:Early modernity 1005:Marshall Berman 998: 972:) and moderns ( 908:medieval Europe 888:Carolingian era 833: 780:. Optimism and 713: 702: 639:corresponds to 583:social sciences 568: 537: 531: 526: 525: 520: 480: 479: 470: 456: 437: 418: 417: 398: 388: 387: 386: 370: 356: 347: 333: 319: 318: 308: 298: 297: 296: 287: 273: 254: 235: 234: 215: 195: 185: 184: 183: 164: 145: 144: 130: 118: 110: 87: 76: 53: 46: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9519: 9509: 9508: 9503: 9498: 9493: 9488: 9486:Historiography 9483: 9466: 9465: 9463: 9462: 9456: 9453: 9452: 9450: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9437:Social science 9434: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9369: 9363: 9361: 9357: 9356: 9354: 9353: 9343: 9333: 9327:Gender Trouble 9323: 9313: 9303: 9293: 9283: 9273: 9263: 9257:The Second Sex 9253: 9243: 9233: 9223: 9213: 9203: 9192: 9190: 9186: 9185: 9182: 9181: 9179: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9118: 9113: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9043: 9038: 9033: 9028: 9023: 9018: 9013: 9008: 9003: 8998: 8993: 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hand 8246: 8241: 8236: 8235: 8234: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8203: 8202: 8192: 8191: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8145: 8139: 8137: 8133: 8132: 8125: 8124: 8117: 8110: 8102: 8093: 8092: 8090: 8089: 8080: 8078: 8074: 8073: 8071: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8038:Walter Alvarez 8034: 8032: 8031:Notable people 8028: 8027: 8025: 8024: 8019: 8013: 8011: 8007: 8006: 8004: 8003: 7993: 7983: 7982: 7981: 7964: 7950: 7940: 7926: 7916: 7901: 7899: 7895: 7894: 7892: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7860: 7858: 7854: 7853: 7846: 7845: 7838: 7831: 7823: 7814: 7813: 7796: 7788: 7787: 7784: 7783: 7781: 7780: 7773: 7766: 7759: 7752: 7745: 7738: 7731: 7724: 7721:Poetic realism 7717: 7710: 7703: 7696: 7689: 7682: 7675: 7668: 7661: 7654: 7651:Late modernity 7647: 7644:Late modernism 7640: 7633: 7626: 7625: 7624: 7617: 7610: 7596: 7589: 7586:High modernism 7582: 7575: 7568: 7561: 7554: 7547: 7540: 7533: 7530:Degenerate art 7526: 7519: 7512: 7505: 7500:Ballets Russes 7494: 7483: 7476: 7468: 7466: 7462: 7461: 7458: 7457: 7455: 7454: 7442: 7430: 7418: 7406: 7394: 7382: 7370: 7358: 7346: 7334: 7322: 7309: 7307: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7299: 7292: 7285: 7278: 7271: 7264: 7257: 7250: 7243: 7236: 7229: 7222: 7215: 7208: 7201: 7194: 7187: 7179: 7177: 7171: 7170: 7168: 7167: 7160: 7153: 7146: 7139: 7132: 7125: 7118: 7111: 7104: 7097: 7090: 7083: 7076: 7069: 7062: 7055: 7048: 7041: 7034: 7027: 7019: 7017: 7011: 7010: 7008: 7007: 7000: 6993: 6986: 6979: 6972: 6965: 6958: 6951: 6944: 6937: 6930: 6923: 6916: 6909: 6902: 6895: 6888: 6881: 6874: 6867: 6860: 6853: 6846: 6839: 6832: 6825: 6818: 6811: 6804: 6797: 6790: 6783: 6776: 6768: 6766: 6757: 6749: 6748: 6745: 6744: 6742: 6741: 6729: 6717: 6707: 6697: 6685: 6673: 6661: 6649: 6637: 6625: 6613: 6601: 6589: 6577: 6565: 6552: 6550: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6542: 6535: 6528: 6521: 6514: 6507: 6500: 6493: 6486: 6479: 6472: 6465: 6458: 6451: 6444: 6437: 6430: 6423: 6416: 6409: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6380: 6378: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6361: 6354: 6347: 6340: 6333: 6326: 6319: 6312: 6305: 6298: 6291: 6284: 6277: 6270: 6263: 6256: 6249: 6246:Ray (Satyajit) 6242: 6239:Ray (Nicholas) 6235: 6228: 6221: 6214: 6207: 6200: 6193: 6186: 6179: 6172: 6165: 6158: 6151: 6144: 6137: 6130: 6123: 6116: 6109: 6102: 6095: 6088: 6081: 6074: 6067: 6060: 6053: 6046: 6039: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6004: 5997: 5990: 5983: 5976: 5969: 5962: 5955: 5948: 5940: 5938: 5932: 5931: 5929: 5928: 5921: 5914: 5907: 5900: 5893: 5886: 5879: 5872: 5865: 5858: 5851: 5844: 5837: 5830: 5823: 5816: 5809: 5802: 5795: 5788: 5781: 5774: 5767: 5760: 5753: 5746: 5739: 5732: 5725: 5718: 5711: 5704: 5697: 5690: 5683: 5676: 5669: 5662: 5655: 5648: 5641: 5634: 5627: 5620: 5613: 5606: 5599: 5592: 5585: 5578: 5571: 5564: 5557: 5550: 5543: 5536: 5529: 5522: 5515: 5508: 5501: 5494: 5487: 5480: 5473: 5466: 5459: 5452: 5445: 5438: 5431: 5423: 5421: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5398: 5386: 5374: 5362: 5350: 5338: 5331:The Waste Land 5326: 5314: 5302: 5289: 5287: 5283: 5282: 5280: 5279: 5272: 5265: 5258: 5251: 5244: 5237: 5230: 5223: 5216: 5209: 5202: 5195: 5188: 5181: 5174: 5167: 5160: 5153: 5146: 5139: 5132: 5125: 5118: 5111: 5104: 5097: 5090: 5083: 5075: 5073: 5067: 5066: 5064: 5063: 5056: 5049: 5042: 5035: 5028: 5021: 5014: 5007: 5000: 4993: 4986: 4979: 4972: 4965: 4958: 4951: 4944: 4937: 4930: 4923: 4916: 4909: 4902: 4895: 4888: 4881: 4874: 4867: 4860: 4853: 4846: 4839: 4832: 4825: 4817: 4815: 4806: 4800: 4799: 4797: 4796: 4789: 4782: 4775: 4768: 4761: 4760: 4759: 4741: 4734: 4727: 4720: 4719: 4718: 4704: 4697: 4696: 4695: 4688: 4677: 4659: 4652: 4645: 4642:Constructivism 4638: 4631: 4620: 4609: 4601: 4599: 4595: 4594: 4587: 4586: 4579: 4572: 4564: 4558: 4557: 4543: 4542:External links 4540: 4538: 4537: 4520: 4518:978-0761951476 4512:SAGE: London. 4503: 4486: 4479: 4458: 4430: 4413: 4399: 4389: 4374: 4344: 4321: 4293: 4286: 4277: 4267: 4248: 4237: 4214: 4188: 4178:Arendt, Hannah 4175: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4159: 4154:978-1606209356 4153: 4137: 4120: 4092: 4067: 4050: 4037: 4020: 3988: 3963: 3954: 3941: 3924: 3915: 3906: 3886: 3865: 3840: 3823: 3806: 3797: 3781: 3769:Aural Cultures 3764: 3755: 3734: 3698: 3678: 3653: 3636: 3630: 3602: 3601: 3588: 3569: 3563: 3550: 3541: 3496: 3476: 3459: 3446: 3440: 3424: 3407: 3382: 3373: 3341: 3339:. : Gallimard. 3329: 3317: 3308: 3288: 3282: 3269: 3265:978-0739105221 3252: 3239: 3215: 3198: 3189: 3170: 3134: 3121: 3080: 3068: 3051: 3042: 3036: 3016: 3004:Mental Hygiene 2989: 2972: 2958: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2950: 2938: 2926: 2914: 2902: 2887: 2875: 2863: 2851: 2839: 2827: 2825:by Peter Burke 2815: 2800: 2788: 2776: 2764: 2752: 2740: 2725: 2713: 2702: 2690: 2679: 2667: 2663:Heidegger 1938 2655: 2651:Alexander 1931 2643: 2631: 2619: 2607: 2595: 2583: 2571: 2559: 2544: 2532: 2528:Calinescu 1987 2520: 2501:(5): 337–344. 2478: 2459: 2438:(3): 692–716. 2418: 2406: 2394: 2382: 2370: 2358: 2346: 2344:, chapt. 6–11. 2334: 2322: 2306: 2294: 2282: 2270: 2258: 2246: 2242:Mansfield 1989 2234: 2222: 2210: 2198: 2186: 2169: 2157: 2145: 2133: 2121: 2109: 2097: 2085: 2073: 2061: 2042: 2030: 2026:O'Donnell 1979 2018: 2014:Kompridis 2006 2006: 1993: 1981: 1969: 1957: 1945: 1930: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1905: 1887: 1872: 1841: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1820:Transmodernity 1817: 1812: 1807: 1802: 1797: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1775:Late modernity 1772: 1767: 1762: 1760:Hypermodernity 1757: 1752: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1720: 1717: 1706:visual culture 1697: 1694: 1665: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1648:Thomas C. Oden 1643: 1640: 1630:In the essay " 1586:Main article: 1583: 1580: 1576:printing press 1567: 1564: 1520:René Descartes 1470:Modern science 1468:Main article: 1465: 1462: 1455:fundamentalist 1436:methodic doubt 1420:Main article: 1417: 1416:Secularization 1414: 1361:Zygmunt Bauman 1357:Theodor Adorno 1315: 1312: 1304:disenchantment 1255: 1252: 1150:Starting with 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1076:High modernism 1068:Zygmunt Bauman 1048: 1047: 1046: 1045: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1020: 1019: 1018: 997: 994: 953:used the term 916:Church Fathers 832: 829: 721:20th centuries 684:liberalization 680:secularization 672:social science 664:existentialism 645:modern warfare 641:modern history 570: 569: 567: 566: 559: 552: 544: 541: 540: 528: 527: 522: 521: 519: 518: 513: 508: 507: 506: 496: 490: 487: 486: 482: 481: 478: 477: 471: 469: 468: 463: 461:Southeast Asia 457: 455: 454: 449: 444: 438: 436: 435: 430: 425: 419: 416: 415: 410: 404: 399: 394: 393: 390: 389: 385: 384: 383: 382: 371: 369: 368: 363: 361:Southeast Asia 357: 355: 354: 348: 346: 345: 340: 334: 332: 331: 326: 320: 317: 316: 310: 309: 304: 303: 300: 299: 295: 294: 288: 286: 285: 280: 278:Southeast Asia 274: 272: 271: 266: 261: 255: 253: 252: 247: 242: 236: 233: 232: 230:Late antiquity 227: 222: 216: 214: 213: 208: 203: 197: 196: 191: 190: 187: 186: 182: 181: 176: 171: 165: 163: 162: 152: 146: 143: 142: 112: 111: 106: 105: 102: 101: 73: 72: 66: 65: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9518: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9479: 9478: 9476: 9461: 9458: 9457: 9454: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9442:Social theory 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9364: 9362: 9358: 9349: 9348: 9344: 9339: 9338: 9334: 9329: 9328: 9324: 9319: 9318: 9314: 9309: 9308: 9304: 9299: 9298: 9294: 9289: 9288: 9284: 9279: 9278: 9274: 9269: 9268: 9264: 9259: 9258: 9254: 9249: 9248: 9244: 9239: 9238: 9234: 9229: 9228: 9224: 9219: 9218: 9214: 9209: 9208: 9204: 9199: 9198: 9194: 9193: 9191: 9187: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9096:Radhakrishnan 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9044: 9042: 9039: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9027: 9024: 9022: 9019: 9017: 9014: 9012: 9009: 9007: 9004: 9002: 8999: 8997: 8994: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8877: 8874: 8872: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8863: 8861: 8857:20th and 21st 8855: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8764: 8761: 8759: 8756: 8754: 8751: 8749: 8746: 8744: 8741: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8655: 8653: 8649:18th and 19th 8647: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8602: 8600: 8596: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8531: 8529: 8525: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8445: 8443: 8439: 8436: 8432: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8392: 8389: 8388: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8378: 8376: 8372: 8366: 8363: 8360: 8359: 8354: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8314: 8313: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8300: 8299: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8270: 8267: 8266: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8233: 8230: 8229: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8201: 8198: 8197: 8196: 8193: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8175: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8140: 8138: 8134: 8130: 8123: 8118: 8116: 8111: 8109: 8104: 8103: 8100: 8088:(2013 series) 8087: 8086: 8082: 8081: 8079: 8075: 8069: 8068:Graeme Snooks 8066: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8048:Eric Chaisson 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8035: 8033: 8029: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8014: 8012: 8008: 8002: 7998: 7994: 7992: 7988: 7984: 7980: 7977: 7976: 7975: 7974: 7969: 7965: 7963: 7959: 7955: 7951: 7949: 7945: 7941: 7939: 7935: 7931: 7927: 7925: 7921: 7917: 7915: 7911: 7907: 7903: 7902: 7900: 7896: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7855: 7851: 7844: 7839: 7837: 7832: 7830: 7825: 7824: 7821: 7811: 7801: 7800: 7799:Postmodernism 7794: 7793: 7785: 7778: 7774: 7771: 7767: 7764: 7760: 7757: 7753: 7750: 7746: 7743: 7742:Metamodernism 7739: 7736: 7732: 7729: 7725: 7722: 7718: 7715: 7711: 7708: 7707:New Hollywood 7704: 7701: 7697: 7694: 7690: 7687: 7683: 7680: 7676: 7673: 7669: 7666: 7662: 7659: 7655: 7652: 7648: 7645: 7641: 7638: 7634: 7631: 7627: 7622: 7618: 7615: 7611: 7608: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7600:Impressionism 7597: 7594: 7590: 7587: 7583: 7580: 7576: 7573: 7569: 7566: 7562: 7559: 7555: 7552: 7548: 7545: 7541: 7538: 7534: 7531: 7527: 7524: 7520: 7517: 7513: 7510: 7506: 7502: 7501: 7495: 7491: 7490: 7484: 7481: 7477: 7474: 7470: 7469: 7467: 7463: 7449: 7448: 7443: 7437: 7436: 7431: 7425: 7424: 7419: 7413: 7412: 7407: 7401: 7400: 7395: 7389: 7388: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7371: 7365: 7364: 7359: 7353: 7352: 7347: 7341: 7340: 7335: 7329: 7328: 7323: 7317: 7316: 7311: 7310: 7308: 7304: 7297: 7293: 7290: 7286: 7283: 7279: 7276: 7272: 7269: 7265: 7262: 7258: 7255: 7251: 7248: 7244: 7241: 7237: 7234: 7230: 7227: 7223: 7220: 7216: 7213: 7209: 7206: 7202: 7199: 7195: 7192: 7188: 7185: 7181: 7180: 7178: 7176: 7172: 7165: 7161: 7158: 7154: 7151: 7147: 7144: 7140: 7137: 7133: 7130: 7126: 7123: 7119: 7116: 7112: 7109: 7105: 7102: 7098: 7095: 7091: 7088: 7084: 7081: 7077: 7074: 7070: 7067: 7063: 7060: 7056: 7053: 7049: 7046: 7042: 7039: 7035: 7032: 7028: 7025: 7021: 7020: 7018: 7016: 7012: 7005: 7001: 6998: 6994: 6991: 6987: 6984: 6980: 6977: 6973: 6970: 6966: 6963: 6959: 6956: 6952: 6949: 6945: 6942: 6938: 6935: 6931: 6928: 6924: 6921: 6917: 6914: 6910: 6907: 6903: 6900: 6896: 6893: 6889: 6886: 6882: 6879: 6875: 6872: 6868: 6865: 6861: 6858: 6854: 6851: 6847: 6844: 6840: 6837: 6833: 6830: 6826: 6823: 6819: 6816: 6812: 6809: 6805: 6802: 6798: 6795: 6791: 6788: 6784: 6781: 6777: 6774: 6770: 6769: 6767: 6765: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6750: 6736: 6735: 6730: 6724: 6723: 6718: 6712: 6708: 6702: 6698: 6692: 6691: 6686: 6680: 6679: 6674: 6668: 6667: 6662: 6656: 6655: 6650: 6644: 6643: 6638: 6632: 6631: 6626: 6620: 6619: 6614: 6608: 6607: 6602: 6596: 6595: 6590: 6584: 6583: 6578: 6572: 6571: 6566: 6560: 6559: 6554: 6553: 6551: 6547: 6540: 6536: 6533: 6529: 6526: 6522: 6519: 6515: 6512: 6508: 6505: 6501: 6498: 6494: 6491: 6487: 6484: 6480: 6477: 6473: 6470: 6466: 6463: 6459: 6456: 6452: 6449: 6445: 6442: 6438: 6435: 6431: 6428: 6427:Hundertwasser 6424: 6421: 6417: 6414: 6410: 6407: 6403: 6400: 6396: 6393: 6389: 6386: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6377: 6373: 6366: 6362: 6359: 6355: 6352: 6348: 6345: 6341: 6338: 6334: 6331: 6327: 6324: 6320: 6317: 6313: 6310: 6306: 6303: 6299: 6296: 6292: 6289: 6285: 6282: 6278: 6275: 6271: 6268: 6264: 6261: 6257: 6254: 6250: 6247: 6243: 6240: 6236: 6233: 6229: 6226: 6222: 6219: 6215: 6212: 6208: 6205: 6201: 6198: 6194: 6191: 6187: 6184: 6180: 6177: 6173: 6170: 6166: 6163: 6159: 6156: 6152: 6149: 6145: 6142: 6138: 6135: 6131: 6128: 6124: 6121: 6117: 6114: 6110: 6107: 6103: 6100: 6096: 6093: 6089: 6086: 6082: 6079: 6075: 6072: 6068: 6065: 6061: 6058: 6054: 6051: 6047: 6044: 6040: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6026: 6023: 6019: 6016: 6012: 6009: 6005: 6002: 5998: 5995: 5991: 5988: 5984: 5981: 5977: 5974: 5970: 5967: 5963: 5960: 5956: 5953: 5949: 5946: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5933: 5926: 5922: 5919: 5915: 5912: 5908: 5905: 5901: 5898: 5894: 5891: 5887: 5884: 5880: 5877: 5873: 5870: 5866: 5863: 5859: 5856: 5852: 5849: 5845: 5842: 5838: 5835: 5831: 5828: 5824: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5810: 5807: 5803: 5800: 5796: 5793: 5789: 5786: 5782: 5779: 5775: 5772: 5768: 5765: 5761: 5758: 5754: 5751: 5747: 5744: 5740: 5737: 5733: 5730: 5726: 5723: 5719: 5716: 5712: 5709: 5705: 5702: 5698: 5695: 5691: 5688: 5684: 5681: 5677: 5674: 5670: 5667: 5663: 5660: 5656: 5653: 5649: 5646: 5642: 5639: 5635: 5632: 5628: 5625: 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2699: 2698:Cassirer 1944 2694: 2688: 2683: 2676: 2671: 2664: 2659: 2652: 2647: 2640: 2635: 2628: 2623: 2616: 2611: 2604: 2599: 2592: 2587: 2580: 2575: 2568: 2563: 2556: 2551: 2549: 2541: 2536: 2529: 2524: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2489: 2482: 2474: 2470: 2463: 2455: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2422: 2415: 2410: 2403: 2398: 2391: 2386: 2379: 2374: 2367: 2362: 2355: 2350: 2343: 2338: 2331: 2326: 2319: 2315: 2310: 2303: 2302:Rousseau 1997 2298: 2291: 2286: 2279: 2274: 2267: 2262: 2255: 2250: 2243: 2238: 2231: 2226: 2219: 2214: 2207: 2202: 2195: 2190: 2183: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2166: 2161: 2154: 2149: 2142: 2137: 2130: 2125: 2118: 2113: 2106: 2101: 2094: 2089: 2082: 2077: 2070: 2065: 2058: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2039: 2038:Hartmann 1974 2034: 2027: 2022: 2015: 2010: 2003: 1997: 1990: 1985: 1979:, p. 51. 1978: 1973: 1966: 1961: 1954: 1949: 1942: 1937: 1935: 1927: 1922: 1920: 1915: 1902: 1897: 1891: 1884: 1876: 1869: 1863: 1858: 1852: 1846: 1842: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1800:Postmodernity 1798: 1796: 1793: 1791: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1766: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1748: 1747: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1711: 1710: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1678: 1674: 1669: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1651: 1649: 1639: 1635: 1633: 1628: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1589: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1566:Technological 1563: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1550: 1546: 1543: 1539: 1536:mathematics, 1535: 1531: 1527: 1525: 1521: 1516: 1514: 1513:Scholasticism 1510: 1506: 1505: 1504:Novum Organum 1500: 1499:Francis Bacon 1496: 1494: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1471: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1423: 1413: 1411: 1406: 1402: 1396: 1390: 1385: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1349: 1347: 1342: 1335: 1333: 1332:Sigmund Freud 1329: 1325: 1324:Auguste Comte 1321: 1311: 1307: 1305: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1284: 1282: 1278: 1271: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1251: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1212: 1211:Immanuel Kant 1207: 1202: 1201:(1791–1804). 1200: 1196: 1192: 1189:(1642–1651), 1188: 1185:(1568–1609), 1184: 1179: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1152:Thomas Hobbes 1148: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1133: 1128: 1124: 1119: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1100:Francis Bacon 1096: 1094: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1064:Postmodernity 1061: 1057: 1052: 1043: 1042: 1040: 1035: 1034: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1021: 1016: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1008: 1006: 1003:According to 1001: 993: 991: 987: 986:Age of Reason 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 958: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 935:Middle French 931: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 876: 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 853:Christian era 850: 849: 844: 843: 838: 828: 826: 822: 814: 810: 806: 801: 799: 795: 794:Anglo-America 791: 787: 786:postmodernism 783: 779: 775: 774:ethical norms 771: 764: 760: 756: 752: 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The term " 623: 622:postmodernity 619: 615: 614:Enlightenment 611: 610:Age of Reason 607: 603: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 565: 560: 558: 553: 551: 546: 545: 543: 542: 536: 530: 529: 517: 514: 512: 509: 505: 504:Postmodernity 502: 501: 500: 497: 495: 492: 491: 489: 488: 484: 483: 476: 473: 472: 467: 464: 462: 459: 458: 453: 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 439: 434: 433:South America 431: 429: 428:North America 426: 424: 421: 420: 414: 411: 409: 406: 405: 403: 402: 397: 392: 391: 381: 378: 377: 376: 373: 372: 367: 364: 362: 359: 358: 353: 350: 349: 344: 341: 339: 336: 335: 330: 327: 325: 322: 321: 315: 312: 311: 307: 306:Postclassical 302: 301: 293: 290: 289: 284: 281: 279: 276: 275: 270: 267: 265: 262: 260: 257: 256: 251: 250:South America 248: 246: 245:North America 243: 241: 238: 237: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 217: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 198: 194: 189: 188: 180: 179:Proto-writing 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 166: 160: 156: 153: 151: 148: 147: 139: 135: 128: 127: 123: 117: 114: 113: 109: 104: 103: 98: 97: 96: 85: 81: 75: 74: 71: 70:Human history 68: 67: 63: 59: 58: 55: 51: 44: 37: 36:A Modern Life 33: 19: 9345: 9335: 9325: 9315: 9305: 9295: 9285: 9275: 9265: 9255: 9245: 9235: 9225: 9215: 9205: 9195: 8615:Guicciardini 8598:Early modern 8434:Philosophers 8408:Conservatism 8403:Confucianism 8391:Distributism 8324:Social norms 8312:Sittlichkeit 8298:Ressentiment 8258: 8244:Institutions 8222:Human nature 8083: 7996: 7986: 7973:Homo sapiens 7971: 7967: 7953: 7943: 7929: 7919: 7905: 7888: 7797: 7790: 7685: 7537:Ecomodernism 7445: 7433: 7421: 7409: 7397: 7385: 7375:The Firebird 7373: 7361: 7349: 7337: 7325: 7313: 6732: 6722:Citizen Kane 6720: 6711:Fallingwater 6701:Villa Savoye 6688: 6676: 6664: 6652: 6640: 6630:Black Square 6628: 6616: 6604: 6592: 6580: 6568: 6556: 6448:Le Corbusier 6376:Architecture 5389: 5377: 5365: 5355:Mrs Dalloway 5353: 5341: 5329: 5317: 5305: 5293: 5178:Lowell (Amy) 4526: 4509: 4492: 4482: 4475: 4436: 4419: 4416:Kopić, Mario 4402: 4395: 4377: 4347: 4324: 4300: 4289: 4281: 4244: 4217: 4194: 4171: 4144: 4124: 4099: 4071: 4054: 4045: 4041: 4024: 3995: 3967: 3958: 3949: 3928: 3900:25 September 3898:. Retrieved 3894: 3873: 3844: 3827: 3810: 3801: 3791: 3785: 3768: 3759: 3705: 3685: 3682:Kilby, Karen 3657: 3647: 3621: 3609: 3605: 3595: 3578:, edited by 3573: 3554: 3545: 3526: 3504: 3484: 3463: 3454: 3431: 3411: 3386: 3377: 3345: 3336: 3324: 3312: 3295: 3273: 3256: 3222: 3202: 3193: 3174: 3138: 3084: 3075: 3055: 3046: 3027: 3009: 3003: 2996: 2980: 2967: 2963: 2955:Bibliography 2946:Leppert 2004 2941: 2929: 2917: 2910:Pius IX 1864 2905: 2878: 2866: 2854: 2849:by Alan Sica 2846: 2842: 2834: 2830: 2822: 2818: 2807: 2803: 2796:Webster 2008 2791: 2779: 2767: 2755: 2743: 2721:Rosenau 1992 2716: 2705: 2693: 2682: 2670: 2658: 2646: 2639:Husserl 1931 2634: 2622: 2610: 2598: 2586: 2574: 2562: 2540:Larrain 2000 2535: 2523: 2498: 2494: 2481: 2472: 2462: 2435: 2431: 2421: 2409: 2402:Giddens 1998 2397: 2390:Harriss 2000 2385: 2378:Regilme 2012 2373: 2361: 2349: 2337: 2325: 2317: 2309: 2297: 2285: 2273: 2266:Goldwin 1987 2261: 2249: 2237: 2225: 2218:Strauss 1958 2213: 2201: 2196:, chapt. 11. 2189: 2160: 2148: 2141:Strauss 1987 2136: 2129:Giddens 1998 2124: 2112: 2105:Laughey 2007 2100: 2093:Osborne 1992 2088: 2076: 2069:Toulmin 1990 2064: 2057:Delanty 2007 2033: 2021: 2009: 2001: 1996: 1988: 1984: 1972: 1960: 1948: 1900: 1890: 1881: 1875: 1866: 1862:Husserl 1931 1855: 1845: 1825:Urbanization 1780:Mass society 1755:Ecomodernism 1699: 1670: 1666: 1645: 1636: 1629: 1610: 1591: 1572:movable type 1569: 1530:Isaac Newton 1528: 1517: 1502: 1497: 1488:Solar System 1473: 1440: 1425: 1398: 1393: 1387: 1351: 1337: 1317: 1308: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1286: 1274: 1267: 1254:Sociological 1248: 1215:Edmund Burke 1206:human nature 1203: 1183:Dutch Revolt 1180: 1149: 1130: 1126: 1120: 1097: 1090: 1053: 1049: 1002: 999: 973: 969: 959: 954: 943:Tudor period 938: 932: 903: 891: 883: 879: 877: 872: 846: 840: 834: 808: 802: 714: 649: 635:, while the 633:early modern 630: 618:World War II 585:, is both a 574: 573: 538: 498: 413:Contemporary 408:Early modern 174:Protohistory 126:Contemporary 120: 93: 92: 88: 54: 9402:Historicism 9231:(1835–1840) 9197:De Officiis 8921:de Beauvoir 8891:Baudrillard 8843:Vivekananda 8833:Tocqueville 8748:Kierkegaard 8564:Ibn Khaldun 8534:Alpharabius 8425:Personalism 8334:Stewardship 8291:Reification 8286:Natural law 8207:Familialism 8173:Culturalism 8085:Big History 7987:Agriculture 7958:abiogenesis 7938:dying stars 7879:Time scales 7850:Big History 7792:Romanticism 7749:Remodernism 7630:Incoherents 7489:Avant-garde 7480:Armory Show 7087:Maeterlinck 6990:Villa-Lobos 6976:Szymanowski 6955:Stockhausen 6892:Lutosławski 6610:(1909–1910) 5410:Visual arts 5383:(1928–1940) 5299:(1913–1927) 4822:Apollinaire 4786:Synchromism 4626:Art Nouveau 4476:Commentaire 3828:Cassiodorus 3640:James, Paul 3428:Goody, Jack 2934:Pius X 1910 2922:Pius X 1907 2762:, chapt. 6. 2675:Davies 2004 2603:Bauman 2000 2591:Adorno 1973 2579:Bauman 2000 2567:Bauman 1989 2555:Adorno 1973 2368:, chapt. 4. 2356:, chapt. 8. 2232:, chapt. 5. 2208:, chapt. 4. 2184:, chapt. 1. 2167:, chapt. 4. 2117:Bauman 1989 2081:Berman 1982 1926:Berman 2010 1642:Theological 1613:art history 1606:Romanticism 1542:theoretical 1389:triumphant. 1236:nationalism 1224:Historicism 1220:Romanticism 1141:Montesquieu 1112:John Milton 1060:Baudrillard 1033:'s scheme) 982:Renaissance 964:within the 914:and/or the 902:, the term 869:Cassiodorus 805:art history 695:transcluded 606:Renaissance 380:Renaissance 18:Modern life 9475:Categories 9407:Humanities 9367:Agnotology 9026:Kołakowski 8589:Ibn Tufayl 8569:Maimonides 8513:Thucydides 8508:Tertullian 8463:Lactantius 8358:Volksgeist 8339:Traditions 8153:Convention 8063:Fred Spier 8058:Carl Sagan 8022:ChronoZoom 8001:modern era 7679:Maximalism 7614:Literature 7289:Wiesenthal 7191:Cunningham 7184:Balanchine 7164:Witkiewicz 7136:Strindberg 7122:Pirandello 7094:Mayakovsky 6969:Stravinsky 6941:Schoenberg 6753:Performing 6678:Metropolis 6469:Mendelsohn 6274:Rossellini 6267:Richardson 6078:Fassbinder 6064:Eisenstein 6001:Cassavetes 5757:Modigliani 5631:Goncharova 5617:Giacometti 5011:Dos Passos 4813:Literature 4772:Surrealism 4683:Die Brücke 3248:0822307677 3072:Baudelaire 2871:Smith 2003 2784:Henry 2004 2748:Bacon 1828 2414:James 2015 2278:Rosen 1987 2254:Berns 1987 1953:Goody 2013 1911:References 1896:Kilby 2004 1853:, 272–73: 1625:innovation 1617:Modern Age 1588:Modern art 1476:Copernicus 1464:Scientific 1458:Protestant 1422:Secularity 1367:, such as 1365:alienation 1246:movement. 1176:David Hume 1164:John Locke 1123:Mandeville 1116:David Hume 1082:Definition 878:The terms 839:adjective 837:Late Latin 813:modern art 788:while the 747:capitalism 699:Modern era 668:modern art 591:modern era 579:humanities 511:Futurology 452:South Asia 352:South Asia 269:South Asia 206:Bronze Age 201:Copper Age 159:Common Era 134:10,000 BCE 80:Prehistory 9496:Modernism 9481:Modernity 9447:Sociology 9397:Historism 9106:Santayana 9076:Oakeshott 9046:MacIntyre 9031:Kropotkin 9006:Heidegger 8859:centuries 8773:Nietzsche 8738:Jefferson 8723:Helvétius 8688:Condorcet 8651:centuries 8635:Montaigne 8458:Confucius 8448:Augustine 8365:Worldview 8259:Modernity 8232:Formation 7997:Modernity 7979:Stone Age 7914:cosmogony 7889:Modernity 7874:Deep time 7728:Pulp noir 7686:Modernity 7551:Film noir 7275:St. Denis 7198:Diaghilev 6934:Schaeffer 6857:Hindemith 6829:Dutilleux 6801:Boulanger 6606:The Dance 6302:Tarkovsky 6295:Sternberg 6127:Hitchcock 6043:Dovzhenko 5959:Antonioni 5904:Stieglitz 5743:Metzinger 5694:Kokoschka 5673:Kandinsky 5087:Aldington 5080:Akhmatova 4997:Marinetti 4990:Mansfield 4941:Hemingway 4779:Symbolism 4598:Movements 4591:Modernism 4554:Modernity 4358:(cloth); 4335:(cloth); 4312:(cloth); 4082:(cloth); 4010:(cloth); 3855:(cloth); 3745:(cloth); 3668:(cloth); 3642:. 2015. " 3624:. Wiley. 3434:. Wiley. 2898:Hall 1990 2653:, 484-85. 2629:, 272-73. 2515:145523177 2454:161642511 2342:Rahe 2006 2304:, part 1. 2290:Vico 1984 2230:Rahe 2006 2206:Rahe 2006 2182:Rahe 2006 2153:Rahe 2006 2131:, ?. 2119:, ?. 2040:, passim. 2028:, 235 n9. 1977:Ihde 2009 1673:Modernism 1621:Modernism 1598:reasoning 1556:induction 1545:deduction 1534:Cartesian 1373:Holocaust 1346:Max Weber 1328:Karl Marx 1320:certainty 1264:Max Weber 1232:Karl Marx 1228:Communism 1160:Descartes 1087:Political 990:modernity 898:. 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