Burmese chronicles

875:; Arakanese records in 1785 by Konbaung; Konbaung records in 1885 by the British. Perhaps not surprisingly, the most complete surviving chronicles are those of Upper Burma-based dynasties, which often were the victors of the wars. Even for those that survived the wars, "there were no record-room methods; mildew, ants, the accident of fire prevented many manuscripts reaching a great age". Those that survived did so only because private individuals outside the capital had painstakingly copied the original palm leaf manuscripts. The survival of the manuscripts was also facilitated by the increasing literacy rates in the Irrawaddy valley. In the 15th century, when the literacy rate was still low, the scribal work was chiefly handled by monks, but by the late 18th century, it was routinely handled by commoners as adult male literacy exceeded 50 percent. 3882:

dividing period between mythical legends and the factual history. The Pagan period narratives still contain a number of legends—according to Harvey, "half the narrative told as historical down to the 13th century is probably folklore"—but the period's "deluge" of inscriptions provide a wealth of information to check the veracity of these narratives. Even the later portions of the chronicles, which have been shown to be largely factual, still were not written purely from a secular history perspective but rather also achieve what Aung-Thwin calls "legitimation according to religious criteria" of the Burmese monarchy.

4050:

all adult males (age 25 and over) in Upper Burma were literate. Excluding non-Burmans would have raised this figure even higher. Female literacy was very low. A mere 1.5% of girls over age five were in school compared to 53.2% of boys who were. A 1901 census finds only 5.5% of the females in all of Burma were literate although the rate for Burman women was higher. (Steinberg 2009: 23–24): According to early British observers, "Burma was the most literate state between Suez and Japan", and one early 19th-century British observer "believed that Burmese women had a higher percentage of literacy than British women."

1838:) which maintained their own court and court historians. The regional chronicles were most relevant during the small kingdoms (warring states) period of Burmese history (14th to 16th centuries). The tradition of local court histories vanished in the Irrawaddy valley starting in the 17th century when Restored Toungoo kings integrated the entire valley into the core administrative system. The chronicle tradition continued only in farther major tributaries such as Kengtung and Lan Na, and indeed in the independent kingdom of Mrauk-U until it was conquered by Konbaung Dynasty in 1785. 44: 6409: 486: 1498: 522: 510: 498: 3829:

make an appearance only if they were part of the king's itinerary, or were involved in rebellions or military campaigns. Other records—legal and administrative treatises, censuses and regional chronicles—do provide valuable complementary views. On balance, however, the royal records overall remain heavily monarch-centered: they "tell little of general conditions, and their story is not of the people of Burma but simply that of the dynasties of Upper Burma."

1329: 2870: 3969: 347: 831: 1847: 1219: 1316:, who had a distinguished career in the British administration. Tin updated the chronicle to 1885, to the fall of the monarchy, relying mainly on the court records obtained from several members of the royal library and also on the papers seized by the British and kept in libraries. (Almost all the records of the Konbaung Dynasty had gone up in flames as drunken British soldiers burned down the royal library soon after King 2298: 1064: 3891:

from Sanskrit or Pali originals". They highly doubted the antiquity of the chronicle tradition, and dismissed the possibility that any sort of civilisation in Burma could be much older than 500 CE. This assessment was the mainstream view at least to the 1960s. Some did vigorously challenge the views but the dismantling of the views would have to wait until more archaeological evidence came in.

3804:

continuous tradition". The sparseness of the chronicles of Ramanya (Lower Burma), Arakan and Shan states belies the long histories of these former sovereign states, which for centuries were important polities in their own right. Even the Upper Burmese chronicles still have many gaps and lack specificity, especially with regard to pre-Toungoo (pre-16th century) eras.

3619:, or censuses/revenue inquests, were used by the kings to determine their tax collection and military manpower base. The censuses collected data on the size of population, number and description of villages, arable land, products and taxes. Kings since Pagan times had graded each town and village by the taxes and levy it could raise. The first known instance of a 3936:

chroniclers regarded "general conditions in early times being the same as those in their own day, the 18th century". Moreover, the troop figures reported in the chronicles for the various military campaigns are at least an order of magnitude higher than the actual number possible given the size of the population and transportation mechanisms of the era.

3898:, the chronicle narratives largely conform to the evidence. Archaeological evidence shows that many of the places mentioned in the royal records have indeed been inhabited continuously for at least 3500 years. For example, at Tagaung, the site of the first Burmese kingdom according to the chronicles, the latest evidence supports the existence of both 1305:, was "written with the objectivity of a true historian, and the great national defeats were described faithfully in detail." The posthumous names of "Bodawpaya" ("Royal Lord Grandfather") and "Bagyidawpaya" ("Royal Lord Paternal Uncle") were introduced in this chronicle; the kings respectively were grandfather and paternal uncle to King 2552:, held court even as they paid tribute to their larger neighbours. Some of the larger Shan states such as Lan Na (Chiang Mai), Kengtung, Hsenwi, Hsipaw and Mong Yawng also maintained their own histories down to the 19th century, similar to what other vassal states such as Prome and Toungoo did in the 14th and 16th centuries. ( 465:

the monarchy. Nevertheless, the chronicles' "great record of substantially accurate dates" goes back at least to the 11th century. Latest research shows that even the pre-11th century narratives, dominated by legends, do provide a substantially accurate record of "social memory", going back over three millennia.

890:("The Celebrated Chronicle"), written in 1502, was mainly a religious document; only one-seventh of the treatise concerned the affairs of Burmese kings down to 1496. Indeed, it was not even meant to be an authoritative chronicle as its author stated there was already an existing chronicle of the Ava court. 4039:

See (Thaw Kaung 2010: 13–37) on the chronicle writers and copiers, many of whom were monks and hailed from outside Ava (the capital). Copying the manuscripts was a painstaking and at times error-prone process. See (Pan Hla 1968: 3–4) and (Sein Myint 2007: 30–34) on copying errors. For a more detailed

464:

The subject matter of the chronicles is mainly about the monarchs, and the chronicles provide little information about the general situation of the kingdom. Nor were they written solely from a secular history perspective but rather at times to provide "legitimation according to religious criteria" of

4162:

was the first scholar who openly challenged then mainstream views in English. See (Htin Aung 1967: 341–344) for Htin Aung's charge of European scholarship's biases. Htin Aung was roundly criticized for his critiques. See (Hall 1968) for Hall's scathing response, and (Htin Aung 1970) for his "Defence

3890:

Reconstruction of this part of the early Burmese history has been ongoing, and the views of the scholarship evolving. European scholars of the colonial period saw in the narratives mostly the "legends" and "fairly tales", and outright dismissed all of early history as "copies of Indian legends taken

3858:

The Burmese chronicles have been used in Thai historians' effort to reconstruct the Thai history before 1767 for the original Siamese chronicles were destroyed during the sack of Ayutthaya by the Burmese army. In particular, the pre-1767 chronology of Thai history follows that of Burmese chronicles.

3828:

The scope of the chronicles is rather narrow. The coverage mostly revolves around the activities of the monarch and the royal family, and offers little perspective on the general situation of the kingdom outside the palace unless the monarch happened to be involved in the event. Remote regions would

2900:

are elaborate lullabies for young princes and princesses, written to inform the royal children of their genealogy and the achievements of their forebears. Since the antiquity of the royal family's genealogy mattered greatly, the poets did their best to trace the ancestors as far back as they could,

2356:

All Arakanese Arakanese chronicles remain untranslated into English. It means the Arakanese accounts have not been open to (non-Burmese reading) international scholars. According to historian Michael Charney, the Arakanese accounts need to be checked since "the references to Arakan in the chronicles

838:

Early chronicles on palm-leaf manuscripts are those written prior to the 18th century when national chronicles first emerged. Of the earliest chronicles, those of Pagan and early Ava (to early 15th century), whose names have been mentioned in inscriptions and later chronicles, only two supplementary

4049:

See (Lieberman 2003: 188–190) on the literacy rates of pre-colonial Burma. The first British censuses find that adult male literacy, defined as the ability to read and write simple materials, exceeded 50 percent. The 1891 census, conducted five years after the last Anglo-Burmese War, finds 62.5% of

3881:

The chronicles can be divided in two parts: the early mythical origin legends and later factual history. The chronicle narratives start out with early origin myths, and eventually, they slowly change from being mythical to largely factual. Historians treat the Pagan Empire period (1044–1287) as the

3790:

The general fullness of the national historical records of the countries which comprised the Burmese empire is remarkable. They represent a marked contrast to the scantiness, or total absence of such writings, among the ancient Hindu kingdoms. The annals of Siam do not appear to have been kept with

3868:

It is impossible to study these, especially in conjunction with other native records, without acquiring considerable respect for them. No other country in Indo-China can show so impressive a continuity. The great record of substantially accurate dates goes back for no less than nine centuries, and

3186:, for example, is "a repository of historical examples illustrating pragmatic political principles worthy of Machiavelli". Furthermore, many of these treatises—expositions on institutions, royal insignia, ranks and technical terms—help interpret the chronicles since many of the terms are obsolete. 1126:

provides its most specific information on dates and descriptions of various events Toungoo kings partook. It traces the life of each king chronologically, wherever possible, from his birth to the grave or his dethronement. However, its narrative of the earlier periods is far more sketchy, offering

728:

Inscriptions, most of which were set up by the kings, the royal families and their court officials as well as wealthy families, are the earliest surviving royal records. Most surviving inscriptions are from religious dedications, and contain valuable historical material; indeed, they represent the

534:

The Burmese royal chronicles are "detailed and continuous registers of events in chronological order", revolving "chiefly around the Burmese kings". The chronicles by themselves offer little or no commentary on the situation of the kingdom of the regular people inside or outside the capital unless

3803:

The overall number of the chronicles outside the inscriptions is "modest" due to their destruction in the country's repeated bouts of warfare. Most of the extant material is that of Upper Burmese dynasties, which by the virtue of winning the majority of the wars "possessed an abiding palace and a

854:

of silver, which could buy over 2000 hectares of paddy fields.) The cost of producing manuscripts (creating as well as recopying) did come down in the Ava period as literacy rates improved, and the Burmese literature "grew more voluminous and diverse". Even then, most did not survive warfare, the

3815:

scholars, who were the first ones to reconstruct Burma's history in a "scientific" way and made invaluable efforts to systematically preserve the records, and cast a highly sceptical eye toward the chronicle narratives, nonetheless praised the relative completeness of the extant Burmese material

3447:

in 1805. The new Siamese law's core 18 chapters share "substantial similarities to King Wareru's code", and the new code adds 21 more chapters. In Burma, the Code morphed into a more Buddhist-centric version by 1640. The new treatise often supports Burmese customary law "with explicitly Buddhist

2561:

of Chiang Mai is said to have been compiled in 1527. The rest of the smaller Shan state chronicles (Hsenwi, Hsipaw, etc.) date only from the 19th century. Like their Burmese and Mon counterparts, various Shan chronicles also claim their sawbwas' descent from the clan of the Buddha, which British

1195:

corrections, in particular regnal dates of Pagan period kings. Modern scholarship notes the chronicle's innovative use of epigraphy but does not find the chronicle's criticisms harsh. Rather, scholarship maintains that for its criticisms and corrections, the chronicle largely retains traditional

3935:

by Lieberman finds much of the history for the 16th century, which was also witnessed by many Europeans, largely factual. To be sure, the post-Pagan narratives are not without issue. According to Harvey, "the chronicles abound in anachronisms, and in stock situations which recur regularly"; the

3623:

was ordered per the royal decree dated 12 March 1359 while the first nationwide census was commissioned in 1638. The next two national censuses were commissioned in 1784 and 1803. The 1784 census shows the kingdom had a population of 1,831,487, excluding "wild tribes" and the recently conquered

2324:

Though Arakanese chronicles may have been written circa the 14th century, the earliest extant manuscripts date only from the 18th century. Most of Mrauk-U's historical works did not survive the burning of the royal library by the Konbaung forces in 1785. Only portions escaped the indiscriminate

732:

Inscriptions are considered most accurate of all Burmese historiographic material because they are less susceptible to copying errors due to their longevity. A typical stone inscription lasts many centuries while the average life of a palm leaf record is only 100 to 150 years. Though some stone

3948:

holds 10,000 bundles of palm-leaf manuscripts, which have been collected from private donations and monasteries. Many more rolls of palm-leaf manuscripts remain uncollected, and are moldering in monasteries across the country without proper care as well as under attack by unscrupulous treasure

3712:

purports to give the history of the founder of the building and of its subsequent benefactors. Such documents include notices of secular events. In addition, some learned monks also wrote chronicles on the history of Buddhism from the time of the Buddha to their present day. The two well known

2320:

inscriptions exist (as early as c. 550 CE) but it does not appear that the Arakanese chronicles consulted the inscriptions in any case because later court historians could not read the earliest inscriptions. Indeed, to date, most of the inscriptions have not been fully examined, or translated.

1173:

The chronicle updates the events up to 1785, and contains several corrections and critiques of earlier chronicles. However, the chronicle was not well received, and ultimately rejected by the king and the court who found the critiques of earlier chronicles excessively harsh. It became known as

733:

inscriptions too were recast, and some copying errors (mostly in spelling) have been identified, they do not show the same degree of copying errors of palm-leaf records, many of which were recopied many times over. The oldest extant inscriptions in Burma are dated to the 3rd and 2nd centuries

1153:

evidence. (It is the first historical document in Southeast Asia compiled in consultation with epigraphic evidence. It shows that historians in Southeast Asia were using epigraphy for sourcing and verification around the same time as the practice was first used in Europe, even if

3851:. The early Buddhist history (and mythology) came right from the Sri Lankan chronicle. But much of the extant chronicle tradition (both in prose and verse) and the "sophistication in use and manipulation of an expanded Burmese vocabulary and grammar" are legacies of the 2036:

before the 1565 rebellion, and the Burmese translation has survived. (To be precise, four oldest palm-leaf copies conjecturally dated to mid 18th century survived. In all, nine slightly different versions of existed according to a 1968 analysis by historian

1040:

shows that the referenced chronicles were most probably 16th century copies of the original chronicles, judging by their use of language, and most likely incomplete and partial copies, judging by their lack of specific dates, prior to the Toungoo period.

2312:("Lullaby for a Princess of Arakan"), was written only in 1455, Arakanese chronicle tradition most likely began at least a century earlier. (The Burmese script had already been in use at the Arakanese court at least since the 1330s when the future King 3918:

The royal records become increasingly more factual where "after the 11th century, the chronology of Burmese chronicles is reliable." One major reason is that Burmese chroniclers could read the inscriptions of the previous eras. It was not the case in

2556:

was tributary to Burma from 1558 to 1775.) At any rate, only Lan Na and Kengtung, the two largest Shan states, had sizeable chronicles. Moreover, the earliest extant copies of Lan Na date only from the 18th century even though the original copy of

1127:

only the year, not the specific date, in most cases. It shows that Kala did not have the full versions of earlier chronicles, and that he did not check any inscriptions, which would have yielded more specific dates and double-checked the events.

741:. Inscriptions were still "rare in the 5th to the 10th centuries but from the 11th, there is literally a deluge of them". The earliest original inscription in Burmese is dated 1035 CE; an 18th-century recast stone inscription points to 984 CE. 2353:/ 288 leaves). In the late 20th century, historian San Tha Aung could confirm only eight of the supposed 48 historical works of Arakanese history. Even of the extant eight, he was unsure of the reliability of the information prior to 1000 CE. 4104:

See (Lieberman 2003: 158–202) for administrative and economic reforms begun by Restored Toungoo kings and continued by Konbaung Dynasty. Regional courts in the Irrawaddy valley were vanquished, and the number and power of Shan courts greatly

472:, and the Burmese chronicles are the most detailed historical records in the region. Yet much of the extant Burmese records have not been properly maintained, and many of the less well-known chronicles are yet to be studied systematically. 2921:

are panegyric poems, composed as a rule to commemorate an important event. The subjects range from the arrival of a white elephant at the court to the conquest of Siam, from the completion of a canal to an essay on cosmology. The earliest

2566:

and as a sign of their recent nature. G.E. Harvey, a colonial period scholar, found the extant Shan chronicles "consistently reckless with regard to dates, varying a couple of centuries on every other leaf", and discarded them.

893:

In general, the early chronicles can be categorised as (1) histories of the rival kingdoms of 14th to 16th centuries, (2) ancient histories of kingdoms of previous eras (pre-14th century), and (3) biographies of famous kings.

460:

as well as the test of time. The most complete extant chronicles are those of Upper Burma-based dynasties, with the earliest extant chronicle dating from the 1280s and the first standard national chronicle from the 1720s.

780:(1557) provides the exact dates of 17 key events of his first six years in power, enabling modern historians to check the chronicles. However, not all inscriptions are reliable records of secular events. The famous 437:. Palm-leaf manuscripts written in prose are those that are commonly referred to as the chronicles. Other royal records include administrative treatises and precedents, legal treatises and precedents, and censuses. 3910:) were contemporary to each other for long periods, and did not exist in a serial fashion as reported in the chronicles. The chronicle narratives of the pre-11th century history are social memory of the times. 795:

per the royal order dated 23 July 1783 to check then existing chronicles with inscriptional evidence. By 1793, over 600 inscriptions from throughout the country were copied (recast), and kept at the capital

884:("The Royal Horoscopes Chronicle") first written in the late 13th century by court astrologers was primarily a record of regnal dates of Upper Burma's kings. Likewise, the next surviving chronicle, the 855:

main factor in destruction of historical records in Burmese history. Burmese history is littered with instances of conquering forces destroying the conquered's records: Pagan records in 1287 during the

2590:

in Khun script, for example. (At least six Shan scripts—Tai Long, Tai Hkamti, Tai Neu, Khun, Tai Yun (Kengwi), Tai Yun (Lan Na) were in use in Burmese Shan states.) Excluding Lan Na chronicles, only

1286:("Great Celebrated Chronicle") in 1831. The learned monk had been writing the chronicle prior to his appointment, and completed his own chronicle because he did not agree with some of the points in 4082:(Chiang Mai Chronicle). It would not have been considered a foreign chronicle because at that time, Chiang Mai or Lan Na was another Burmese Shan State, albeit the largest and most important one. 3820:

summarises that "Burma is not the only Southeast Asian country to have large collections of this indispensable source material and precious heritage of the past; no other country surpasses her."

3996:

contain non-religious matter such as medicine, mathematics, astronomy, astrology, history, social and economic matters, poetry, etc., and are much more important to the study of Burmese history.

6934: 1170:) to organise itself by dynasties and periods whereas all others had been organised strictly along the linear order of kings, and the first to link the origins of Burmese monarchy to Buddhism. 2316:

of Ava was educated there. According to Pamela Gutman, the use of Burmese script appeared for the first time in the Le-Mro period (11th to 15th centuries) on stone inscriptions.) Much earlier

3931:, where "scripts have in the course of centuries undergone such profound changes that the compilers of later chronicles could not read the earlier inscriptions". Likewise, a 1986 study of 842:

Many of the early chronicles did not survive for a number of reasons. First, the earliest manuscripts prior to the 15th century were rare and extremely costly. (A 1273 Pagan manuscript of

822:'s Department of Archaeology in five volumes from 1972 to 1987. Aside from over 500 Pagan period inscriptions, most of the other stone inscriptions have not been studied systematically. 6949: 3894:

Modern scholarship, with the benefit of latest research, now holds a far more nuanced view. Latest research shows that when stripped of the legendary elements, which are now viewed as

2080:, likely compiled between the 18th and 19th centuries, mainly covers the early (legendary) history, claiming its early monarchs' linkage to the Buddha. Another 18th-century chronicle, 1606:

Mainly covers regnal dates of kings from Pagan to Konbaung periods, and horoscopes of 36 select kings from Pagan to early Restored Toungoo periods, as well as those of Konbaung kings.

2022:(1740–1757) were destroyed in 1757 by Konbaung forces. Therefore, the earliest extant chronicles are only parts of the original chronicles. The first half (1287–1421) of the original 6939: 2084:("History of Kings"), written by a monk, was also a religion/legend-centric chronicle although it does cover secular history from Sri Ksetra and Pagan to Hanthawaddy periods. Like 1232:, known in English as the "Glass Palace Chronicle", was compiled by the Royal Historical Commission in 1829–1832. The chronicle covers events right up to 1821, right before the 2329:. He completed it in 1788 but the chronicle may not be as reliable as it is "a third-hand piece of work". Colonial period scholars had to piece together the extant portions of 1162:, consulted over 600 stone inscriptions, which he had collected and copied from around the kingdom between 1783 and 1793 per King Bodawpaya's decree, to verify the accuracy of 6896: 6079:

Moore, Elizabeth H. (2011). McCormick, Patrick; Jenny, Mathias; Baker, Chris (eds.). "The Early Buddhist Archaeology of Myanmar: Tagaung, Thagara, and the Mon-Pyu dichotomy".

3341: 6901: 3359: 4158:(Aung-Thwin 2005: 295): Although a number of scholars of Burmese origin had expressed their disagreement with the then prevailing interpretation in Burmese language works, 6843: 3113: 1098:

to synthesize all the ancient, regional, foreign and biographic histories to which he had access. Kala weaved all the regional Burmese chronicles as well as foreign (

6881: 6848: 6813: 3397: 3288: 3131: 2982: 6919: 3439:. After the empire's fall in 1599, the Code lived on—albeit in adapted forms—in the main successor states. In Siam, it coexisted with other legal codes until King 2523: 6828: 5926: 3049: 4171:; (Aung-Thwin 2005: 295) however finds some of Htin Aung's "refutation, especially of Luce's arguments quite convincing"; overall, Aung-Thwin calls Htin Aung's 6944: 6838: 6833: 3091: 3070: 2121:. (The provenance and chronology of the manuscripts used in the publications are uncertain, and had not yet been studied by a Burma Mon scholar as of 2005.) 1661: 6823: 3027: 4040:

analysis on how chronicles were changed or altered, see (Aung-Thwin 2005: 121–153) which covers all the standard chronicles and all known Mon chronicles.

1297:, also called the Second Chronicle, was written in 1867–1869 by another committee of scholars. It covers the events up to 1854, including the first two 3944:

Despite Myanmar's possession of large amounts of historical material, many of the records have not been properly maintained, or used for research. The

6929: 6818: 3526: 3005: 975: 200: 2041:. Pan Hla re-translated one of the versions back to Mon in 1958. He also wrote a new (tenth) version in 1968, synthesising the Burmese versions of 1693: 1273: 6891: 4092: 3859:(The prior reconstructed dates of the 19th century Siamese chronicles had been off by nearly two decades before historians realised it in 1914.) 3323: 2996:

Earliest extant Arakanese literature as well as Burmese poetry on palm-leaf manuscripts; about Princess Saw Shwe Kra, favourite daughter of King

6042: 3902:(c. 9th century BCE to 1st century CE) reported in the chronicles. On the other hand, evidence suggests many of the early "kingdoms" (Tagaung, 3752:

Only 1/7th concerns Burmese history since it was meant to be supplementary to the official chronicle of the Ava court, which did not survive.

6871: 3246: 2991: 878:

As a result, the earliest surviving "chronicles" were not even the full official chronicles of their own era. The earliest extant chronicle,

688:("memoirs of royal events/struggles") are more detailed records of more celebrated kings. These definitions are loose generalisations: some 6397: 375: 6886: 3306: 3605:

Compilation of earlier law books in Burmese; also updated it in 1772 in Burmese and in Pali with the help of the monk Taungdwin Sayadaw

6331: 3182:) (1781) are compilations of precedents but also provide an outline of the prior dynasties down to the era in which they were written. 1049:

The first comprehensive national chronicle emerged only in 1724. Subsequent chronicles were heavily influenced by the first chronicle.

808:

listing some 1500 inscriptions in original spelling and a large photograph of each text. The most complete set of inscriptions, called

4175:"a reasonable critique" of then prevailing views but "not one that advanced the field in a substantive way with regard to hard data." 2014:(1287–1539, 1550–1552) were destroyed in 1565 during a rebellion led by ex-Hanthawaddy officials that burned down the whole city of 2010:

chronicles of the two main Mon-speaking kingdoms of the second millennium did not survive in their full form. The chronicles of the

3411:

were mainly written in Pali, and were accessible only to the court elite and clergy. Though modeled after the Hindu legal treatise

5720:

Goh, Geok Yian (2009). "Myanmar's Relations with China from Tagaung through Hanthawati-Taungngu Periods". In Ho Khai Leong (ed.).

1554:

is actually the first half of the Hanthawaddy chronicle. At least two Alaungpaya biographies by different original authors exist.

6283:

Wade, Geoff (2012). "Southeast Asian Historical Writing". In José Rabasa; Masayuki Sato; Edoardo Tortarolo; Daniel Woolf (eds.).

3104: 2767: 288: 238: 2286:

The most complete compilation of Mon chronicles in existence; the provenance of the original manuscripts are yet to be studied.

2056:

Other extant chronicles are even more limited in scope: they are mainly supplementary chronicles dealing with specific topics.

839:

chronicles from the late 13th and early 15th centuries survived. The rest of early chronicles date only from the 16th century.

1342:

The following is a list of standard chronicles with two notable exceptions. Though officially commissioned by King Bodawpaya,

6311: 6292: 6233: 6214: 6164: 6110: 6088: 6028: 5982: 5867: 5770: 5748: 5729: 5637: 5618: 5556: 5537: 3954: 3708:. They furnish important historical information about the religious dedications by the royalty and the wealthy donors. Each 1248:, panegyric poems. Although the compilers disputed some of the earlier accounts, they by and large retained the accounts of 787:

Myanmar possesses the largest number of historical stone inscriptions as well as most complete historical records in all of

1456: 1434: 3704:

The country's many pagodas and temples also maintain a historical record, usually a stone and/or bell inscription, called

4149:. As a result, the reconstructed chronicle of Siam was an outline of prominent events, and its chronology off by decades. 4026:

is the earliest surviving chronicle, whose first portions may have been written circa 1285. The next extant chronicle is

1320:'s surrender in 1885.) Tin updated the chronicle in 1921, and included the death of King Thibaw in 1916 as a postscript. 282: 2926:

dates from 1472. The poet's duty was to glorify the event in an ornate language in verse. There are more than 60 extant

7013: 5930: 6982: 6514: 6009: 5916: 1644: 1604:

Earliest surviving chronicle, continuously updated and handed down by court historians from generation to generation

1515: 777: 2600:. (Two Lan Na chronicles of the Chiang Mai Chronicle and the Nan Chronicle have also been translated into English.) 6390: 3992:(Raghavan 1979: 6): Parabaiks are thick sheets of paper that are blackened, glued and folded together. In general, 3949:

hunters. Efforts to digitise the manuscripts have not materialised. Few have been studied systematically since the

744:

Inscriptions have been invaluable in verifying the events described in the chronicles written centuries later. The

368: 276: 270: 800:. European scholars in the British colonial period greatly expanded the collection effort, with a 1921 edition of 244: 6145:"Preservation of Palm Leaf and Parabaik Manuscripts and Plan for Compilation of a Union Catalogue of Manuscripts" 2961:

are of high literary value but of limited historical value. Some of the more well known chronicles in verse are:

2107:

Indeed, the most complete compilation of the history of Mon kingdoms would have to wait until 1910 and 1912 when

2942:, or historical epigrams or chronograms, from the 18th and 19th centuries have also survived. The often lengthy 2201: 2027: 1629: 856: 17: 1889:(Old Pagan Chronicle); One palm-leaf manuscript stored at the Universities Historical Research Center, Yangon 2062:("Preface to the Legend") covers the genealogy of kings, and was supposedly part of a larger treatise called 1312:

The third instalment came in 1905, nearly twenty years after the end of Burmese monarchy, and was written by

1191:, the first officially accepted chronicle of Konbaung Dynasty, appeared in 1832, it had incorporated many of 2325:

destruction. An Arakanese monk tried to salvage the wreckage as much as he could by promptly compiling the

2019: 1417:

First chronicle to use epigraphy to verify prior events; covers up to 1785; rejected by the Konbaung court

868: 860: 535:

the king happened to be involved in the event. Other royal records such as legal treatises and precedents (

294: 250: 208: 6244: 4091:(Myint-U 2006: 30); The wanton destruction of the buildings of the palace ended only in 1901 when Viceroy 7008: 6529: 6519: 6383: 3945: 1740: 1725: 1676: 1523: 1519: 1412: 1159: 1155: 457: 361: 328: 313: 308: 264: 3589:

Compilation of previous law books; extremely popular because it was in vernacular Burmese, and not Pali

6021:

Strange Parallels: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c. 800–1830, volume 1, Integration on the Mainland

3791:

the same regularity and fullness as those of Burma, though they furnish an outline of prominent events.

5679: 1803:(1782–1786), despite the title; still in the original palm leaf manuscript form, never been published 1346:

was not accepted by the Konbaung court as its official chronicle. It is included in this list because

127: 2070:

is dated to the 18th century although the copy says its original manuscript was compiled in year 900

5667: 6586: 6000:

Lieberman, Victor B. (1993). Anthony Reid (ed.). "The Seventeenth Century in Burma: A Watershed?".

5547:

Allot, Anna; Patricia Herbert; John Okell (1989). Patricia Herbert, Anthony Crothers Milner (ed.).

1980: 1478: 1313: 333: 5961:, Victor B. (September 1986). "How Reliable Is U Kala's Burmese Chronicle? Some New Comparisons". 6987: 4060: 2829: 1949:

An 1837 version of an earlier copy survives; Covers rulers of Toungoo/Taungoo from 1279 to 1613.

1358:

or Hmannan Yazawin Part III was written after the monarchy was abolished, and thus not official.

1233: 784:(1479), for example, make claims of legitimacy of the Hanthawaddy monarchy on religious grounds. 318: 5691: 4621:

Kala Vol. 1 2006: 30–31; in Preface by Kyaw Nyein, Director of the Universities History Research

4145:(Harvey 1925: 343): The Siamese records were wiped out in 1767 when Ayutthaya was sacked by the 2357:

of Arakan’s neighbors, such as Pegu, Ayudhya, and Ava are on the whole biased or ill-informed."

2113:

was published in a two-volume set. It was reportedly based on the stash of manuscripts found at

570:

The royal records were written on different media and in different literary styles. They can be

6692: 6687: 6629: 6445: 4030:(1502 and 1520). (Harvey 1925: xvi-xvii): the rest of them do not date before the 16th century. 3950: 3282:

with later period judgments those by including Binnya Dala (the author of Razadarit Ayedawbon)

2639:

The original manuscript, written in Pali, did not survive. Earliest surviving version c. 1788.

2493: 2475: 3455:

that had survived in some form. Some of the more well known law treatises and precedents are:

2913:) dates from 1455, and is also the earliest extant Burmese poetry on palm-leaf. Over 40 royal 6682: 6677: 6619: 6534: 3812: 3745: 2457: 2439: 2216: 2076: 1779: 1507: 700: 587: 226: 53: 6339: 6144: 4127:

See (Wyatt 1998: Chiang Mai Chronicle) and (Ratchasomphan and Wyatt 1994: The Nan Chronicle)

3154:

Court scholars also wrote administrative treatises and precedents. The two most well known,

6977: 6972: 6697: 6524: 6456: 6356: 6131: 3796: 3436: 3371:

Contains valuable information on institutions, insignia, ranks of the royal administration

2514: 2114: 1952: 1708: 1467: 1213: 781: 769: 422: 194: 1110:) together to form a consistent national narrative. Kala wrote three versions by length: 8: 6967: 6614: 6604: 6509: 6121: 3924: 3300:

Exposition on administrative terms of Konbaung Dynasty, on titles of kings and officials

3219: 2308:

Although the earliest extant work of Arakanese literature in Arakanese (Burmese) script,

2184: 2162: 2058: 2032: 2011: 1815: 1612: 1511: 1003: 945: 745: 694: 168: 119: 5907:

Huxley, Andrew (2005). Paul Williams (ed.). "Buddhism and Law: The View from Mandalay".

1395:

The first major chronicle; covers Burmese monarchy from time immemorial to October 1711

684:) are a record of events in chronological order of kings organised by dynasties whereas 6740: 6639: 6566: 6504: 5988: 5814: 5806: 5597: 5589: 4146: 3903: 2718: 2274: 2109: 2101: 1895: 1587: 1298: 1236:(1824–1826). The commission consulted several existing chronicles and local histories ( 914: 880: 805: 710: 232: 180: 101: 69: 35: 5953:(in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2006, 4th printing ed.). Yangon: Ya-Pyei Publishing. 5850:(in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2003 ed.). Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar. 5704:

Powerful Learning: Buddhist Literati and the Throne in Burma's Last Dynasty, 1752–1885

4136:(Aung-Thwin 2005: 124, 358): The first part finished in 1502; the second part in 1520. 2125:

weaves together all existing Mon narratives, including the history of Thaton Kingdom,

673:

The prose versions are those most commonly referred to as the chronicles. In general,

6924: 6482: 6307: 6288: 6229: 6210: 6160: 6106: 6084: 6024: 6005: 5992: 5978: 5912: 5863: 5818: 5766: 5744: 5725: 5692:"From Exclusion to Assimilation: Late Precolonial Burmese Literati and "Burman-ness"" 5633: 5614: 5601: 5552: 5533: 3928: 3502: 3403: 2583: 1282: 1106: 819: 138: 1196:

narratives, and "was —as elsewhere in the world —written with didactic intentions".

6725: 5970: 5958: 5798: 5579: 3353:

Five volume work on the administrative machinery and personnel from top-to-bottom.

2663: 2596: 2071: 872: 410: 401: 393: 214: 5899: 440:

The chronicle tradition was maintained in the country's four historical polities:

6758: 6662: 6576: 6441: 5845: 3899: 3444: 3273: 3062: 2837: 2393: 1934: 1819: 1423: 1261: 1205: 1091: 980: 960: 864: 738: 188: 148: 73: 59: 5647: 791:. The first systematic effort to preserve the inscriptions was launched by King 6876: 6735: 6730: 6667: 6624: 6451: 5789:

Hall, D.G.E. (August 1968). "Review of A History of Burma by Maung Htin Aung".

3973: 3808: 3335:

Explanatory work on technical terms re: the palace and the royal paraphernalia

3264: 3172: 3021:; composed by an army officer about suppression of a rebellion at Prome (Pyay) 2698: 2679: 2409: 2236: 1445: 1209: 1122:(abridged version, 1 volume). Since it was written in the late Toungoo period, 788: 469: 430: 351: 154: 92: 6408: 5974: 5900:"The Origins of Bagan: The archaeological landscape of Upper Burma to AD 1300" 3807:

Still, Myanmar has the highest amount of historical source material in all of

1030:

had survived at least to the early 18th century since they were referenced by

485: 43: 7002: 6768: 6763: 6720: 6672: 6634: 6561: 6375: 6192:

Sein Myint (January 2007). "Writers of Inscriptions and Writers of History".

6098: 6038: 5568:"The Myth of the "Three Shan Brothers" and the Ava Period in Burmese History" 3907: 3487: 2812: 2791: 2645: 2424: 2255: 1874: 1763: 1746: 1543: 989: 844: 765: 449: 160: 142: 132: 113: 6306:(reissue, illustrated ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 6287:. Vol. 3 (illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 752. 5860:

Burma: Literature, Historiography, Scholarship, Language, Life, and Buddhism

4163:

of the Chronicles" in response. (Hla Pe 1985) criticizes Htin Aung for what

3435:

was translated into Burmese, Pali and Siamese, and was the basic law of the

3395:) are legal precedents by earlier kings. The earliest extant legal treatise 3278:

Updates the precedents and judgments of the early Ava period as reported by

3043:

outside of Arakan; about Thakin Htwe, daughter of Thado Kyaw, Lord of Salin

2528:

Compilation of all extant prior Arakanese chronicles in a single narrative.

1497: 6866: 6795: 6790: 6715: 6657: 6581: 6571: 6477: 6472: 6436: 4118:

inscriptions was translated into English in 1930, and into Burmese in 1975.

3734: 3383: 3207: 3156: 2881: 2763: 2621: 2378: 2007: 1960: 1913: 1846: 1401: 1379: 1269: 1136: 1078: 1069: 1058: 1032: 921: 886: 716: 537: 521: 82: 3573:

Burmese customary law "with explicitly Buddhist scriptural justifications

1822:) and tributary vassal states (Early Toungoo, Prome, major Shan states of 509: 497: 6609: 5758: 3874: 3852: 3817: 3770:

Sasanavamsa, Chronicle of the Religion; written by a monk, tutor of King

3758: 3493: 3233: 2571: 2540: 2038: 2015: 1814:

Regional chronicles are the histories of various small kingdoms such as (

1767: 1563: 1301:. The Second Chronicle's account of the two wars, according to historian 931: 863:; Hanthawaddy records in 1565 by a rebellion; Toungoo records in 1600 by 818:; lit. "Ancient Inscriptions of Myanmar") was only recently published by 571: 567:)) need to be consulted to get a glimpse of the life outside the palace. 453: 445: 441: 174: 2938:

were composed in four-syllable lines, albeit in different styles. A few

2066:("An Explanation of the Origins of Ramannadesa"). The surviving copy of 1534:, biographic chronicles cover the life of more celebrated kings such as 6271: 6083:. Bangkok: Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University: 7–23. 6065:(in Burmese) (2006, 4th printing ed.). Yangon: Ya-Pyei Publishing. 5810: 5593: 3771: 3536: 3427: 3413: 3225: 2997: 2742:

There are also chronicles that fall outside of general categorisation.

2317: 2313: 2297: 2249:

Covers 17 dynasties from the legendary times to the Hanthawaddy period

2134: 1951:

Detailed history begins only from 1481, from the start of the reign of

1731: 1714: 1699: 1682: 1667: 1650: 1547: 1539: 1328: 1317: 1306: 1017: 773: 753: 734: 657: 434: 6159:(illustrated ed.). Ithaca: Cornell University SEAP Publications. 6155:

Ratchasomphan, Sænluang; David K. Wyatt (1994). David K. Wyatt (ed.).

3236:; Only an 1825 copy of the original survives. Later incorporated into 557:)) and the chronicles of regional courts as well as temple histories ( 6126:(in Burmese) (8th printing, 2005 ed.). Yangon: Armanthit Sarpay. 5877: 5532:(Illustrated ed.). Leiden; Boston; Cologne: Brill. p. 392. 4168: 4159: 3847: 3672: 2869: 2190: 1800: 1785: 1702:(1714–1760); two versions in existence, also one by Twinthin Taikwun 1618: 1559: 1535: 1302: 1158:'s methods may not have "evolved into a formal method".) Its author, 1150: 1100: 1008: 830: 797: 792: 749: 425:, and stone; they were composed in different literary styles such as 5843: 5802: 5584: 5567: 2637:

Mostly about religious history with a section on early Lan Na kings

1907:

New Pagan Chronicle; Formally, "Yaza Wunthalini Pagan Yazawin Thit"

1264:

of Burmese monarchy, and linkage of the monarchy to the clan of the

6259: 6178:(in Burmese). Vol. 1–2 (1997 ed.). Yangon: Tetlan Sarpay. 3895: 3401:

dates from the 12th century while the more well known Mon language

2850: 2747: 1827: 1734:(1714–1760); two versions in existence, also one by Letwe Nawrahta 1036:. An analysis of the passages of the chronicles directly quoted in 598: 468:

Myanmar possesses the most extensive historical source material in

418: 6782: 4009:

covers regnal dates of kings from Pagan to Konbaung periods while

1218: 1086:), completed in 1724 with a minor update in 1729, was composed by 6072:

The Padaeng Chronicle and the Jengtung State Chronicle Translated

4335:

Zon Pann Pwint May 2011: Uphill fight to preserve palm leaf texts

3957:(JBRS) over (1300 articles in 59 volumes) between 1910 and 1980. 3229: 2673:

Formally, the Padaeng Chronicle and the Jengtung State Chronicle

2129:

linkage with the Buddha, the Hanthawaddy Chronicle from monarchs

2118: 1993: 414: 6002:

South East Asia in the Early Modern Era: Trade, Power and Belief

5680:"Living Bibliography of Burma Studies: The Secondary Literature" 5549:

South-East Asia: Languages and Literatures : a Select Guide

3699: 1562:, not the more famous Hsinbyushin and Bodawpaya's brother, King 417:(Burma). The chronicles were written on different media such as 5946: 5855: 5613:(illustrated ed.). Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. 5546: 4164: 3920: 3653: 3515: 3440: 2818: 2746:

covers the history of the Portuguese, especially their rule at

2553: 2545: 2487:

History of Arakan (1785–1816) from the fall of Mrauk-U to 1816

2130: 2097: 1835: 1831: 1823: 1390: 1265: 1087: 1063: 954: 633: 6187:(in Burmese) (2nd printing ed.). Yangon: Yan Aung Sarpay. 1924:

Full chronicle did not survive. Extant portions referenced by

6285:

The Oxford History of Historical Writing: Volume 3: 1400-1800

6081:

The Mon over Two Millennia: Monuments, Manuscripts, Movements

5205:

Zon Pann Pwint August 2011: Scholar updates 200-year-old poem

3816:

compared to those of Southeast Asian and even Indian states.

2901:

with considerable use of their own imagination. The earliest

2797: 2759: 1095: 764:

dates for those. (Myazedi, inscribed in four scripts, is the

609: 426: 6858: 5826:

Hardiman, John Percy (1901) . Sir James George Scott (ed.).

5527: 1145:("New Chronicle"), written in 1798, was an attempt to check 6154: 5715:. Vol. 1. Yangon: Superintendent, Government Printing. 5668:"Living Bibliography of Burma Studies: The Primary Sources" 5187:

Burma Press Summary from Working People's Daily 1987: 12–13

3425:

containing "between 4% and 5%" of the Hindu legal treatise

2562:

colonial period scholars took to be a sign of copying from

850: 729:

primary extant historical record down to the 16th century.

678: 5837:

History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824

3451:

An 1899 analysis by historian U Gaung lists a total of 36

3149: 1240:) and the inscriptions collected by Bodawpaya, as well as 6245:"Myanmar Historical Fiction and Their Historical Context" 6185:

Mintaya Shwe Hti and Bayinnaung: Ketumadi Taungoo Yazawin

2949:

With their poetical imagery and excessive glorification,

2230:

Supplementary chronicle covering legendary early history

834:

Cover of 1960 publication of Zatadawbon Yazawin Chronicle

5891:

Burmese History before 1287: A Defence of the Chronicles

4095:

issued an order to preserve what was left of the palace.

3953:

closed the doors in 1980. The society had published the

2178:

Supplementary chronicle dealing with genealogy of kings

748:(1112), for example, confirmed the reign dates of kings 5231: 5229: 3258:

Oldest extant work on the protocols of Burmese royalty

6043:"Evolution of the Conception of Law in Burma and Siam" 2946:

list the pairings of year dates to historical events.

2570:

The Shan local histories were written in a variety of

6242: 5797:(4). Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan: 909–910. 5722:

Connecting & Distancing: Southeast Asia and China

5648:"Burma Press Summary from The Working People's Daily" 5611:

The Mists of Rāmañña: The Legend that was Lower Burma

5578:(4). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 881–901. 3520:

Used to be known as the earliest extant law treatise

456:. The majority of the chronicles did not survive the 5828:

Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States, Part 1

5226: 2657:

Chronicle of Chiang Mai (Lan Na) under Burmese rule

1461:

Covers up to 1854; also called the Second Chronicle

692:

are full-fledged chronicles of several kings (e.g.,

5862:. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 5630:

History of the Shan State: From Its Origins to 1962

4929: 4927: 4695:

Hsan Tun in preface of (Hmannan Yazawin 2003: xxxv)

4670: 4668: 4548: 4546: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4319: 4317: 4315: 4313: 3885: 3387:are treatises on law used by Burmese royal courts. 859:; Ava records in 1525 and in 1527 by the armies of 608:). They also came in different literary styles: in 5884:. New York and London: Cambridge University Press. 4497: 4495: 4229: 4227: 2597:Padaeng Chronicle and the Jengtung State Chronicle 6911: 6173: 5491: 5437: 5183: 5181: 5179: 4869: 4867: 4865: 4078:(Aung-Thwin 2005: 136–139): Kala also referenced 3417:in terms of organization, the content of Burmese 2849:Covers the Portuguese of Burma and their rule at 2712:Covers from 58 BCE but likely a much recent work 2469:Covers history of Arakan from 825 BCE to 1785 CE 1992:An abridged history compiled per request of King 7000: 5329: 5327: 5126: 4924: 4665: 4543: 4474: 4397: 4338: 4310: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4259: 3869:even earlier legends have a substratum of truth. 1272:. (The head of the Royal Historical Commission, 1260:disposal of the hitherto prevalent pre-Buddhist 1166:. It was the only Burmese chronicle (other than 409:) are detailed and continuous chronicles of the 6325:. Ithaca: Cornell University SEAP Publications. 5765:(3rd ed.). Hutchinson University Library. 5412: 5410: 5408: 5119: 5117: 5073: 5071: 5036: 5034: 4917: 4915: 4608: 4606: 4604: 4492: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4239: 4224: 3377: 6405: 6354: 6329: 6266:(in Burmese). Vol. 1. Yangon: Maha Dagon. 6103:The River of Lost Footsteps—Histories of Burma 5909:Buddhism: Buddhism in South and Southeast Asia 5830:. Vol. 1–2. Government of Burma Printing. 5267: 5176: 4941: 4939: 4862: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4442: 4440: 4287: 4285: 4283: 4217: 4215: 4213: 4211: 4209: 4207: 3496:; commissioned by his grandson, King Sithu II 3224:Precedents and judgments during the reigns of 2594:has been fully translated into English as the 2508:Palm leaf manuscript collected by the British 1323: 596:) and on special thick sheets of paper called 6391: 6182: 5844:Royal Historical Commission of Burma (1832). 5354: 5324: 5251: 5249: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5241: 5052: 5050: 5048: 5046: 4990: 4303: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4266: 4064: 3700:Histories of religion and religious monuments 3177: 3161: 1179: 813: 665: 651: 641: 627: 617: 603: 591: 581: 575: 562: 552: 542: 369: 6061:Maha Thilawuntha, Shin. Pe Maung Tin (ed.). 6060: 5500: 5473: 5464: 5405: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5159: 5149: 5147: 5114: 5089: 5087: 5085: 5083: 5068: 5031: 5008: 4999: 4965: 4963: 4912: 4894: 4804: 4802: 4746: 4719: 4712: 4710: 4698: 4682: 4680: 4642: 4601: 4564: 4534: 4525: 4516: 4430: 4428: 4426: 4236: 4167:deemed (Htin Aung 1970)'s direct attacks on 4114:(Singer 2008: 16–17); only a portion of the 3107:; Original manuscript rediscovered in 2003. 5741:Burma's Lost Kingdoms: Splendours of Arakan 5398: 5396: 5368: 5366: 5336: 5276: 5258: 5096: 5059: 5024: 5022: 5020: 4936: 4651: 4555: 4483: 4437: 4280: 4204: 4197: 4195: 4193: 4191: 3862: 3421:is mostly Burmese customary law with early 871:; remaining Hanthawaddy records in 1757 by 6496: 6398: 6384: 6332:"Uphill fight to preserve palm leaf texts" 6270: 6226:Burma/Myanmar: what everyone needs to know 6191: 5969:(2). Cambridge University Press: 236–255. 5608: 5565: 5528:Gerry Abbott, Khin Thant Han, ed. (2000). 5428: 5290: 5288: 5238: 5043: 4837: 4835: 4792: 4790: 4788: 4615: 4509: 4507: 4467: 4465: 4463: 4461: 4294: 2444:Also called Razawin Haung (Old Chronicle) 1268:and the first king of Buddhist mythology, 586:), or more commonly, they were written on 376: 362: 6223: 6018: 5999: 5957: 5888: 5876: 5583: 5455: 5315: 5306: 5190: 5156: 5144: 5080: 4960: 4953: 4951: 4903: 4876: 4825: 4823: 4799: 4760: 4758: 4737: 4728: 4707: 4689: 4677: 4633: 4449: 4423: 4388: 4363: 4361: 4359: 2018:(Bago). Likewise, most of the records of 964:("Chronicle of the Portuguese in Burma") 6805: 6544: 6421: 6258: 6207:Vaishali And The Indianization Of Arakan 6142: 6056:(1). Siam Society Heritage Trust: 13–24. 5825: 5724:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 5710: 5627: 5566:Aung-Thwin, Michael A. (November 1996). 5530:The Folk-Tales of Burma: An Introduction 5482: 5446: 5419: 5393: 5384: 5375: 5363: 5297: 5017: 4331: 4329: 4188: 3715: 3626: 3457: 3188: 2963: 2868: 2859: 2772: 2602: 2359: 2296: 2143: 1855: 1845: 1568: 1496: 1492: 1360: 1327: 1217: 1062: 896: 829: 6254:(3). Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University. 6119: 6097: 6069: 5927:"Journal of the Burma Research Society" 5701: 5689: 5677: 5665: 5345: 5285: 5208: 4853: 4832: 4785: 4776: 4504: 4458: 4347: 3150:Administrative treatises and precedents 3125:Covers the Konbaung conquest of Arakan 2074:(1538/39 CE). Another chronicle called 1244:, poetry describing epics of kings and 939:("Chronicle of Early Toungoo Dynasty") 14: 7001: 6276:Aspects of Myanmar History and Culture 6204: 6130: 6037: 5906: 5897: 5854: 5834: 5738: 5217: 5199: 5105: 4972: 4948: 4885: 4844: 4820: 4811: 4767: 4755: 4624: 4592: 4379: 4370: 4356: 2892:forms, and secondarily in the form of 2864: 1974:Covers rulers of Prome/Pyay 1287–1542 1809: 1094:. It was the first major chronicle in 1044: 909:1. Histories of contemporary kingdoms 6935:Hanthawaddy Hsinbyumyashin Hpyat-hton 6379: 6320: 6301: 6138:(1967 ed.). London: Susil Gupta. 6078: 4981: 4326: 3955:Journal of the Burma Research Society 3547:Hanthawaddy Hsinbyumyashin Hpyat-hton 3492:Compilation of legal rulings by King 2766:(Mergui), compiled after the Burmese 2206:Burmese translation of first half of 2117:, then an ethnic Mon enclave east of 1634:Burmese translation of first half of 1472:The Glass Palace Chronicle, Part III 1256:. The most important development was 400: 6282: 6074:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan. 5945: 5788: 5779: 5757: 5706:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan. 5678:Charney, Michael W. (25 July 2002). 5666:Charney, Michael W. (25 July 2002). 5135: 5065:Sandamala Linkara Vol. 1 1931: 12–13 2846:Ignacio de Brito and Johannes Moses 2026:had been translated into Burmese by 1558:is actually about the reign of King 1450:The Glass Palace Chronicle, Part II 1309:who had commissioned the chronicle. 1276:, also wrote a similar chronicle to 6357:"Scholar updates 200-year-old poem" 6243:Than Htut, U; U Thaw Kaung (2003). 5839:. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd. 5719: 5509: 3407:dates from the 1290s. The earliest 1428:The Glass Palace Chronicle, Part I 825: 24: 6750: 5963:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 5784:. London: Oxford University Press. 5153:Than Htut and Thaw Kaung 2003: 105 4882:Than Htut and Thaw Kaung 2003: 106 1483:Covers 1752–1885; commonly called 1199: 867:; more Toungoo records in 1754 by 25: 7025: 6983:Shwezigon Pagoda Bell Inscription 6959: 6950:Manu Wunnana Shwe Myin Dhammathat 6515:Hanthawaddy Hsinbyushin Ayedawbon 6355:Zon Pann Pwint (15 August 2011). 6183:Sein Lwin Lay, Kahtika U (2006). 6174:Sandamala Linkara, Ashin (1931). 6134:, Lt. Gen. Sir Arthur P. (1883). 5235:Aung-Thwin 2005: 123–124, 141–142 5028:Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1931: 13 4704:Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 346–349 4022:(Aung-Thwin 2005: 121–124, 358): 3939: 3837:The earliest chronicles, such as 3658:First nationwide revenue inquest 3595:Manu Wunnana Shwe Myin Dhammathat 2880:The chronicles were also written 1773:written in 1608 by Shin Than Kho 1645:Hanthawaddy Hsinbyushin Ayedawbon 1014:Hanthawaddy Hsinbyushin Ayedawbon 970:2. Histories of ancient kingdoms 778:Shwezigon Pagoda Bell Inscription 6707: 6553: 6407: 4152: 4139: 4130: 3967: 3886:Early history (pre-11th century) 3750:Mostly covers religious history 3677:Second national revenue inquest 2737: 2578:was originally written in Pali, 2260:Account of the Founding of Pegu 520: 508: 496: 484: 402:[mjəmàjàzəwɪ̀ɰ̃tɕáɰ̃mjá] 345: 42: 6940:Manu Thara Shwe Myin Dhammathat 6194:Myanmar Vista Research Magazine 5929:. IG Publishing. Archived from 5902:. Sydney: University of Sydney. 5632:. Chiang Mai: Silk Worm Books. 5609:Aung-Thwin, Michael A. (2005). 5521: 4573: 4121: 4108: 4098: 4085: 4072: 4053: 4043: 4033: 4016: 3999: 3986: 3693:Third national revenue inquest 3563:Manu Thara Shwe Myin Dhammathat 3143:Covers 14 dynasties up to 1782 3061:About a royal elephant of King 2049:s version, and the accounts in 1799:Covers the early reign of King 1592:The Royal Horoscopes Chronicle 1130: 1052: 998:3. Biographies of famous kings 918:("Royal Horoscopes Chronicle") 723: 6252:Manusya: Journal of Humanities 6070:Mangrai, Sao Sai Mong (1981). 6023:. Cambridge University Press. 5551:. University of Hawaii Press. 4873:Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: xxx–xxxii 3317:A treatise on advice to kings 3105:Siege of Ayutthaya (1766–1767) 3084:Nyaungyan Mintayagyi Ayedawbon 2768:conquest of Tenasserim in 1765 2750:(Thanlyin) from 1599 to 1613. 2534: 2337:or 1776 palm-leaves), Do We's 2082:Slatpat Rajawan Datow Smim Ron 1841: 1184:, the "Discarded Chronicle"). 1118:(medium version, 10 volumes), 815:ရှေးဟောင်း မြန်မာ ကျောက်စာများ 491:Myazedi Inscription in Burmese 13: 1: 6330:Zon Pann Pwint (9 May 2011). 6209:. New Delhi: APH Publishing. 6105:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 6019:Lieberman, Victor B. (2003). 5782:Historians of South East Asia 5661:(6). Ibiblio. September 1987. 4182: 3913: 3832: 3508: 3480: 3213: 3167: 3163:ဇမ္ဗူကွန်ချ ဖိုးရာဇာ မူဟောင်း 3157:Zabu Kun-Cha Po Yaza Mu Haung 2724: 2704: 2685: 2628: 2499: 2222: 2195: 2170: 2053:as well as modern research.) 1966: 1940: 1790: 1751: 1719: 1687: 1655: 1623: 1595: 1501:1967 collection of five rare 1222:2003 three volume reprint of 1026:Many of the early chronicles 6988:Kuthodaw Pagoda Inscriptions 6897:Myanmar Min Okchokpon Sa-dan 6596: 6224:Steinberg, David I. (2009). 6004:. Cornell University Press. 5893:. Oxford: The Asoka Society. 5791:The Journal of Asian Studies 5702:Charney, Michael W. (2006). 5690:Charney, Michael W. (2004). 5572:The Journal of Asian Studies 4900:Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 214–216 4005:(Aung-Thwin 2005: 121–124): 3541:Update of Wareru Dhammathat 3448:scriptural justifications". 3378:Law treatises and precedents 3342:Myanmar Min Okchokpon Sa-dan 2909:, or more commonly known as 2096:too linked its kings to the 2020:Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1598:late 13th to 19th centuries 1114:(full version, 21 volumes), 861:Confederation of Shan States 810:She-haung Myanma Kyauksa Mya 7: 6902:Shwenanthon Wawhara Abhidan 6649: 6530:Nyaungyan Mintaya Ayedawbon 6520:Alaung Mintayagyi Ayedawbon 6304:A Global History of History 6228:. Oxford University Press. 6050:Journal of the Siam Society 3960: 3946:National Library of Myanmar 3784: 3779: 3611: 3557:Rulings of King Bayinnaung 3360:Shwenanthon Wawhara Abhidan 2828:Translated into English by 1741:Nyaungyan Mintaya Ayedawbon 1726:Twinthin Taikwun Maha Sithu 1677:Alaung Mintayagyi Ayedawbon 1457:Royal Historical Commission 1435:Royal Historical Commission 1413:Twinthin Taikwun Maha Sithu 1324:List of national chronicles 1160:Twinthin Taikwun Maha Sithu 698:) or even dynasties (e.g., 677:("chronicle of kings" from 475: 390:royal chronicles of Myanmar 27:Royal chronicles in Myanmar 10: 7030: 6264:Studies in Burmese History 5655:The Working People's Daily 3713:religious chronicles are: 2001: 1757:Maha Atula Dammikayaza or 1203: 1141:The next major chronicle, 1134: 1056: 7014:Historiography of Myanmar 6958: 6910: 6857: 6804: 6781: 6749: 6706: 6648: 6595: 6552: 6543: 6495: 6465: 6457:Hmannan Yazawin, Part III 6429: 6420: 5975:10.1017/s002246340000103x 5889:Htin Aung, Maung (1970). 5743:. Bangkok: Orchid Press. 5141:Mangrai 1981: entire book 5132:Aung-Thwin 2005: 137, 360 4582:Encyclopædia Britannica, 4480:Aung-Thwin 2005: 172, 185 4173:Defence of the Chronicles 4013:covers religious history. 3739:The Celebrated Chronicle 3727: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3683:Bodawpaya Sittan, Part II 3638: 3635: 3632: 3629: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3178: 3162: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2345:/ 576 leaves), Saya Mi's 2292: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 1989:Myauk Nan Kyaung Sayadaw 1867: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1601:Various court historians 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1180: 925:("Celebrated Chronicle") 902: 899: 814: 666: 652: 642: 628: 618: 604: 592: 582: 576: 563: 553: 543: 397: 6859:Administrative treatises 6844:Dhanyawaddy Naing Mawgun 6587:Myauk Nan Kyaung Yazawin 6452:Hmannan Yazawin, Part II 6338:. Yangon. Archived from 6321:Wyatt, David K. (1998). 6278:. Yangon: Gangaw Myaing. 6205:Singer, Noel F. (2008). 6176:Rakhine Yazawinthit Kyan 5911:. Taylor & Francis. 5443:Aung-Thwin 1996: 890–891 4945:Aung-Thwin 2005: 148–149 4933:Aung-Thwin 2005: 139–141 4674:Aung-Thwin 2005: 142–144 4552:Aung-Thwin 2005: 121–123 4489:Thaw Kaung 2010: 106–109 4420:Aung-Thwin 2005: 133–135 4344:Aung-Thwin 1996: 895–896 4233:Aung-Thwin 2005: 144–145 3979: 3863:Historicity and accuracy 3823: 3664:Bodawpaya Sittan, Part I 3170:early 15th century) and 3114:Dhanyawaddy Naing Mawgun 2440:Min Razagri Aredaw Sadan 2268:Legendary early history 1981:Myauk Nan Kyaung Yazawin 1851:Ketumadi Toungoo Yazawin 1762:Covers the life of King 1730:Covers the life of King 1698:Covers the life of King 1666:Covers the life of King 1468:Hmannan Yazawin Part III 6882:Wawhara Linathta Dipani 6849:Minzet Yazawin Thanbauk 6814:Rakhine Minthami Eigyin 5739:Gutman, Pamela (2001). 5711:Cochrane, W.W. (1915). 5497:Lieberman 1986: 236–255 4808:Thaw Kaung 2010: 27, 33 4743:Allot et al 1989: 13–14 4501:Aung-Thwin 2005: 99–100 3813:British colonial period 3398:Dhammavisala Dhammathat 3289:Wawhara Linathta Dipani 3132:Minzet Yazawin Thanbauk 2983:Rakhine Minthami Eigyin 2911:Rakhine Minthami Eigyin 2310:Rakhine Minthami Eigyin 1446:Hmannan Yazawin Part II 1424:Hmannan Yazawin, Part I 1354:corrections. Likewise, 1234:First Anglo-Burmese War 768:that helped unlock the 458:country's numerous wars 398:မြန်မာ ရာဇဝင် ကျမ်းများ 227:British colonial period 6920:Alaungsithu Hpyat-hton 6693:Maha Razawin (Saya Me) 6688:Mizzimadetha Ayedawbon 6630:Mon Yazawin (Shwe Naw) 6446:Glass Palace Chronicle 6302:Woolf, Daniel (2011). 5835:Harvey, G. E. (1925). 5628:Aung Tun, Sai (2009). 5196:Thaw Kaung 2010: 22–23 5102:Hardiman 1901: 216–217 4891:Sein Lwin Lay 2006: 16 4734:Thaw Kaung 2010: 53–55 4686:Thaw Kaung 2010: 50–51 4455:Aung-Thwin 2005: 35–36 4446:Sein Myint 2007: 30–34 4434:Thaw Kaung 2010: 28–29 4394:Thaw Kaung 2010: 14–17 4263:Harvey 1925: xviii–xix 4065: 3951:Burma Research Society 3879: 3801: 3586:Maha Thiri Ottma Zeya 3476:Alaungsithu Hpyat-hton 2877: 2654:Sithu Gamani Thingyan 2524:Shin Sandamala Linkara 2494:Maha Razawin (Saya Me) 2476:Mizzimadetha Ayedawbon 2305: 2167:Preface to the Legend 2064:Ramann'-uppatti-dipaka 1946:Shin Nyana Thikhangyi 1853: 1527: 1339: 1226: 1073: 1011:and his predecessors) 835: 720:have narrower scopes. 6829:Shwe Sa-daing Hsindaw 6683:Dhanyawaddy Ayedawbon 6678:Rakhine Razawin Haung 6535:Hsinbyushin Ayedawbon 6497:Biographic chronicles 6143:Raghavan, V. (1979). 6120:Pan Hla, Nai (1968). 5780:Hall, D.G.E. (1961). 4221:Harvey 1925: xvi–xvii 3866: 3788: 3746:Shin Maha Thilawuntha 3050:Shwe Sa-daing Hsindaw 2872: 2860:Supplementary sources 2484:Ne Myo Zeya Kyawhtin 2458:Dhanyawaddy Ayedawbon 2301:1997–1999 reprint of 2300: 2225:1710 to 19th century 1849: 1780:Hsinbyushin Ayedawbon 1556:Hsinbyushin Ayedawbon 1500: 1493:Biographic chronicles 1331: 1221: 1090:, an official at the 1066: 833: 701:Dhanyawaddy Ayedawbon 588:palm-leaf manuscripts 201:Nyaungyan Restoration 128:Warring states period 54:Prehistory of Myanmar 6978:Kalyani Inscriptions 6973:Sawlumin inscription 6960:Notable inscriptions 6783:Religious chronicles 6698:Rakhine Razawin Thit 6525:Alaungpaya Ayedawbon 6323:Chiang Mai Chronicle 5933:on 12 September 2017 5898:Hudson, Bob (2004). 5506:Harvey 1925: 333–336 5479:Harvey 1925: 307–309 5416:Harvey 1925: 269–270 5123:Aung-Thwin 1996: 884 5093:Cochrane 1915: 51–52 5077:Aung-Thwin 2005: 125 4996:Than Tun 1964: 65–66 4921:Aung-Thwin 2005: 145 4859:Kala Vol. 1 2006: 29 4570:Aung-Thwin 2005: 137 4522:Aung-Thwin 1996: 900 4307:Phayre 1883: viii-ix 3845:were modelled after 3797:Arthur Purves Phayre 3554:Court of Bayinnaung 3437:First Toungoo Empire 2515:Rakhine Razawin Thit 2303:Rakhine Razawin Thit 2141:genealogy of kings. 2092:of the same period, 1919:14th–16th centuries 1709:Alaungpaya Ayedawbon 1485:Konbaung Set Yazawin 1384:The Great Chronicle 1356:Konbaung Set Yazawin 1337:Konbaung Set Yazawin 1214:Konbaung Set Yazawin 869:Restored Hanthawaddy 802:Epigraphia Birmanica 782:Kalyani Inscriptions 245:Nationalist movement 209:Restored Hanthawaddy 195:First Toungoo Empire 171:1287–1539, 1550–1552 6968:Myazedi Inscription 6945:Manu Kye Dhammathat 6839:Yodaya Naing Mawgun 6834:Minye Deibba Eigyin 6806:Chronicles in verse 6615:Nidana Arambhakatha 6605:Razadarit Ayedawbon 6545:Regional chronicles 6510:Razadarit Ayedawbon 6430:Standard chronicles 6422:National chronicles 6200:(1). Yangon: 30–34. 6123:Razadarit Ayedawbon 5515:IG Publishing: JBRS 5333:Lieberman 1993: 248 5312:Lingat 1950: 23, 28 5303:Htin Aung 1967: 127 5214:Thaw Kaung 2010: 73 4829:Thaw Kaung 2010: 22 4817:Thaw Kaung 2010: 21 4752:Htin Aung 1967: 254 4725:Lieberman 2003: 196 4612:Lieberman 1986: 236 4540:Lieberman 2003: 131 4531:Lieberman 2003: 118 4277:Myint-U 2006: 44–45 3579:Manu Kye Dhammathat 3220:Min Yaza of Wun Zin 3137:early 19th century 3092:Yodaya Naing Mawgun 3071:Minye Deibba Eigyin 2875:Minye Deibba Eigyin 2865:Chronicles in verse 2843:early 19th century 2327:Dhanyawaddy Yazawin 2208:Hanthawaddy Yazawin 2185:Razadarit Ayedawbon 2163:Nidana Arambhakatha 2059:Nidana Arambhakatha 2033:Razadarit Ayedawbon 2024:Hanthawaddy Yazawin 2012:Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1887:Pagan Yazawin Haung 1816:Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1810:Regional chronicles 1636:Hanthawaddy Yazawin 1613:Razadarit Ayedawbon 1552:Razadarit Ayedawbon 1293:The second part of 1107:Ayutthaya Chronicle 1045:National chronicles 1004:Razadarit Ayedawbon 988:("Old Chronicle of 986:Pagan Yazawin Haung 946:Hanthawaddy Kingdom 942:Hanthawaddy Yazawin 746:Myazedi inscription 695:Razadarit Ayedawbon 277:Ne Win dictatorship 251:Japanese occupation 239:Resistance movement 169:Hanthawaddy Kingdom 120:Early Pagan Kingdom 7009:Burmese chronicles 6824:Thakin Htwe Eigyin 6741:Mong Yawng Yazawin 6640:Pak Lat Chronicles 6567:Pagan Yazawin Thit 6505:Zatadawbon Yazawin 6414:Burmese chronicles 5882:A History of Burma 5434:Hla Pe 1985: 37–38 5321:Lingat 1950: 24–25 5273:Huxley 2005: 64–66 5255:Hla Pe 1985: 44–45 5173:Hla Pe 1985: 42–43 4978:Htin Aung 1967: 86 4969:Singer 2008: 16–17 4909:Harvey 1925: xviii 4716:Hla Pe 1985: 39–40 4639:Hla Pe 1985: 46–47 4561:Htin Aung 1970: 41 4323:Hall 1968: 909–910 4201:Hla Pe 1985: 36–37 4147:Royal Burmese Army 3974:Myanmar portal 3368:U Tin of Mandalay 3028:Thakin Htwe Eigyin 2878: 2758:are chronicles of 2719:Mong Yawng Yazawin 2634:Ratanapanna Thera 2306: 2275:Pak Lat Chronicles 2110:Pak Lat Chronicles 2102:Buddhist mythology 1896:Pagan Yazawin Thit 1854: 1588:Zatadawbon Yazawin 1528: 1439:Covers up to 1821 1406:The New Chronicle 1340: 1299:Anglo-Burmese wars 1227: 1187:Nonetheless, when 1168:Zatadawbon Yazawin 1074: 915:Zatadawbon Yazawin 881:Zatadawbon Yazawin 836: 806:Charles Duroiselle 772:.) Likewise, King 760:while disproving 758:Zatadawbon Yazawin 711:Zatadawbon Yazawin 407:Burmese chronicles 352:Myanmar portal 283:SLORC / SPDC junta 233:Anglo-Burmese Wars 181:Kingdom of Mrauk U 102:Arakanese kingdoms 70:Sri Ksetra Kingdom 36:History of Myanmar 6996: 6995: 6925:Wareru Dhammathat 6777: 6776: 6491: 6490: 6483:Maha Yazawin Kyaw 6361:The Myanmar Times 6336:The Myanmar Times 6313:978-0-521-69908-2 6294:978-0-19-921917-9 6235:978-0-19-539068-1 6216:978-81-313-0405-1 6166:978-0-87727-715-6 6157:The Nan Chronicle 6112:978-0-374-16342-6 6090:978-616-551-328-9 6030:978-0-521-80496-7 5984:978-0-521-80496-7 5869:978-9971-988-00-5 5772:978-1-4067-3503-1 5761:, D.G.E. (1960). 5750:978-974-8304-98-4 5731:978-981-230-856-6 5639:978-974-9511-43-5 5620:978-0-8248-2886-8 5558:978-0-8248-1267-6 5539:978-90-04-11812-6 5461:Harvey 1925: xvii 5111:Aung Tun 2009: 27 5014:Charney 2005: 978 5005:Myint-U 2006: 110 4796:Pan Hla 1968: 3–4 3777: 3776: 3697: 3696: 3645:Thalun Min Sittan 3609: 3608: 3503:Wareru Dhammathat 3404:Wareru Dhammathat 3375: 3374: 3297:Hlethin Atwinwun 3147: 3146: 2940:yazawin thanbauks 2857: 2856: 2817:The Chronicle of 2796:The Chronicle of 2735: 2734: 2532: 2531: 2290: 2289: 2189:The Chronicle of 2137:(1287–1472), and 1999: 1998: 1807: 1806: 1784:The Chronicle of 1745:The Chronicle of 1713:The Chronicle of 1681:The Chronicle of 1649:The Chronicle of 1617:The Chronicle of 1550:in detail. Note: 1490: 1489: 1283:Maha Yazawin Kyaw 1024: 1023: 820:Yangon University 547:)) and censuses ( 386: 385: 289:Political reforms 62:200 BCE – 1050 CE 16:(Redirected from 7021: 6726:Kengtung Yazawin 6550: 6549: 6427: 6426: 6412: 6411: 6400: 6393: 6386: 6377: 6376: 6372: 6370: 6368: 6351: 6349: 6347: 6326: 6317: 6298: 6279: 6267: 6255: 6249: 6239: 6220: 6201: 6188: 6179: 6170: 6151: 6149: 6139: 6136:History of Burma 6127: 6116: 6101:, Thant (2006). 6094: 6075: 6066: 6057: 6047: 6034: 6015: 5996: 5954: 5951:Maha Yazawin Gyi 5942: 5940: 5938: 5922: 5903: 5894: 5885: 5880:, Maung (1967). 5873: 5851: 5840: 5831: 5822: 5785: 5776: 5754: 5735: 5716: 5707: 5698: 5696: 5686: 5684: 5674: 5672: 5662: 5652: 5643: 5624: 5605: 5587: 5562: 5543: 5516: 5513: 5507: 5504: 5498: 5495: 5489: 5488:Harvey 1925: 364 5486: 5480: 5477: 5471: 5468: 5462: 5459: 5453: 5452:Harvey 1925: 343 5450: 5444: 5441: 5435: 5432: 5426: 5425:Harvey 1925: 333 5423: 5417: 5414: 5403: 5402:Harvey 1925: 194 5400: 5391: 5390:Harvey 1925: 249 5388: 5382: 5381:Harvey 1925: 238 5379: 5373: 5372:Harvey 1925: 171 5370: 5361: 5358: 5352: 5349: 5343: 5340: 5334: 5331: 5322: 5319: 5313: 5310: 5304: 5301: 5295: 5294:Abbott 2000: 297 5292: 5283: 5280: 5274: 5271: 5265: 5262: 5256: 5253: 5236: 5233: 5224: 5221: 5215: 5212: 5206: 5203: 5197: 5194: 5188: 5185: 5174: 5171: 5154: 5151: 5142: 5139: 5133: 5130: 5124: 5121: 5112: 5109: 5103: 5100: 5094: 5091: 5078: 5075: 5066: 5063: 5057: 5054: 5041: 5040:Charney 2004:7-8 5038: 5029: 5026: 5015: 5012: 5006: 5003: 4997: 4994: 4988: 4985: 4979: 4976: 4970: 4967: 4958: 4955: 4946: 4943: 4934: 4931: 4922: 4919: 4910: 4907: 4901: 4898: 4892: 4889: 4883: 4880: 4874: 4871: 4860: 4857: 4851: 4848: 4842: 4839: 4830: 4827: 4818: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4797: 4794: 4783: 4782:Hmannan 2003: vi 4780: 4774: 4771: 4765: 4762: 4753: 4750: 4744: 4741: 4735: 4732: 4726: 4723: 4717: 4714: 4705: 4702: 4696: 4693: 4687: 4684: 4675: 4672: 4663: 4660: 4649: 4646: 4640: 4637: 4631: 4628: 4622: 4619: 4613: 4610: 4599: 4596: 4590: 4588: 4577: 4571: 4568: 4562: 4559: 4553: 4550: 4541: 4538: 4532: 4529: 4523: 4520: 4514: 4513:Harvey 1925: xix 4511: 4502: 4499: 4490: 4487: 4481: 4478: 4472: 4471:Harvey 1925: xvi 4469: 4456: 4453: 4447: 4444: 4435: 4432: 4421: 4418: 4395: 4392: 4386: 4383: 4377: 4374: 4368: 4365: 4354: 4351: 4345: 4342: 4336: 4333: 4324: 4321: 4308: 4305: 4292: 4289: 4278: 4275: 4264: 4261: 4234: 4231: 4222: 4219: 4202: 4199: 4176: 4156: 4150: 4143: 4137: 4134: 4128: 4125: 4119: 4112: 4106: 4102: 4096: 4089: 4083: 4076: 4070: 4068: 4057: 4051: 4047: 4041: 4037: 4031: 4020: 4014: 4003: 3997: 3990: 3972: 3971: 3970: 3877: 3799: 3716: 3636:Commissioned by 3627: 3510: 3482: 3458: 3215: 3189: 3181: 3180: 3169: 3165: 3164: 2964: 2894:yazawin thanbauk 2773: 2726: 2706: 2687: 2664:Kengtung Yazawin 2630: 2603: 2592:Kengtung Yazawin 2588:Kengtung Yazawin 2501: 2466:Rakhine Sayadaw 2360: 2224: 2197: 2172: 2144: 1968: 1942: 1856: 1792: 1753: 1721: 1689: 1657: 1625: 1597: 1569: 1361: 1350:retains many of 1183: 1182: 1176:A-pe-gan Yazawin 1112:Maha Yazawin Gyi 1067:2006 reprint of 937:Ketumadi Yazawin 897: 857:Mongol invasions 826:Early chronicles 817: 816: 669: 668: 662:yazawin thanbauk 655: 654: 645: 644: 631: 630: 621: 620: 607: 606: 595: 594: 585: 584: 579: 578: 566: 565: 556: 555: 546: 545: 524: 512: 500: 488: 405:; also known as 404: 399: 378: 371: 364: 350: 349: 348: 329:Military history 324:Royal chronicles 314:List of capitals 271:AFPFL government 215:Konbaung dynasty 96: 77: 46: 32: 31: 21: 7029: 7028: 7024: 7023: 7022: 7020: 7019: 7018: 6999: 6998: 6997: 6992: 6954: 6930:Dhammathat Kyaw 6906: 6853: 6819:Pyay Zon Mawgun 6800: 6773: 6759:Pawtugi Yazawin 6745: 6702: 6663:Rakhine Razawin 6644: 6591: 6577:Toungoo Yazawin 6539: 6487: 6466:Other nationals 6461: 6442:Hmannan Yazawin 6416: 6406: 6404: 6366: 6364: 6345: 6343: 6314: 6295: 6247: 6236: 6217: 6167: 6147: 6113: 6091: 6045: 6031: 6012: 5985: 5936: 5934: 5925: 5919: 5870: 5847:Hmannan Yazawin 5803:10.2307/2051625 5773: 5751: 5732: 5697:. London: SOAS. 5694: 5685:. London: SOAS. 5682: 5673:. London: SOAS. 5670: 5650: 5646: 5640: 5621: 5585:10.2307/2646527 5559: 5540: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5510: 5505: 5501: 5496: 5492: 5487: 5483: 5478: 5474: 5469: 5465: 5460: 5456: 5451: 5447: 5442: 5438: 5433: 5429: 5424: 5420: 5415: 5406: 5401: 5394: 5389: 5385: 5380: 5376: 5371: 5364: 5359: 5355: 5351:Harvey 1925: 49 5350: 5346: 5342:Charney 2002: 4 5341: 5337: 5332: 5325: 5320: 5316: 5311: 5307: 5302: 5298: 5293: 5286: 5282:Huxley 2005: 63 5281: 5277: 5272: 5268: 5264:Huxley 2005: 62 5263: 5259: 5254: 5239: 5234: 5227: 5223:Hudson 2004: 29 5222: 5218: 5213: 5209: 5204: 5200: 5195: 5191: 5186: 5177: 5172: 5157: 5152: 5145: 5140: 5136: 5131: 5127: 5122: 5115: 5110: 5106: 5101: 5097: 5092: 5081: 5076: 5069: 5064: 5060: 5056:Charney 2002: 8 5055: 5044: 5039: 5032: 5027: 5018: 5013: 5009: 5004: 5000: 4995: 4991: 4987:Gutman 2001: 61 4986: 4982: 4977: 4973: 4968: 4961: 4956: 4949: 4944: 4937: 4932: 4925: 4920: 4913: 4908: 4904: 4899: 4895: 4890: 4886: 4881: 4877: 4872: 4863: 4858: 4854: 4850:Hla Pe 1985: 46 4849: 4845: 4840: 4833: 4828: 4821: 4816: 4812: 4807: 4800: 4795: 4786: 4781: 4777: 4773:Hla Pe 1985: 40 4772: 4768: 4764:Hla Pe 1985: 41 4763: 4756: 4751: 4747: 4742: 4738: 4733: 4729: 4724: 4720: 4715: 4708: 4703: 4699: 4694: 4690: 4685: 4678: 4673: 4666: 4662:Woolf 2011: 416 4661: 4652: 4647: 4643: 4638: 4634: 4630:Hla Pe 1985: 38 4629: 4625: 4620: 4616: 4611: 4602: 4597: 4593: 4579: 4578: 4574: 4569: 4565: 4560: 4556: 4551: 4544: 4539: 4535: 4530: 4526: 4521: 4517: 4512: 4505: 4500: 4493: 4488: 4484: 4479: 4475: 4470: 4459: 4454: 4450: 4445: 4438: 4433: 4424: 4419: 4398: 4393: 4389: 4385:Hla Pe 1985: 42 4384: 4380: 4376:Hla Pe 1985: 45 4375: 4371: 4367:Hla Pe 1985: 37 4366: 4357: 4352: 4348: 4343: 4339: 4334: 4327: 4322: 4311: 4306: 4295: 4291:Moore 2011: 4–5 4290: 4281: 4276: 4267: 4262: 4237: 4232: 4225: 4220: 4205: 4200: 4189: 4185: 4180: 4179: 4157: 4153: 4144: 4140: 4135: 4131: 4126: 4122: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4099: 4090: 4086: 4077: 4073: 4066:Maha-Radza Weng 4058: 4054: 4048: 4044: 4038: 4034: 4021: 4017: 4004: 4000: 3991: 3987: 3982: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3942: 3916: 3888: 3878: 3873: 3865: 3835: 3826: 3800: 3795: 3787: 3782: 3751: 3738: 3702: 3690:King Bodawpaya 3614: 3602:Wunna Kyawhtin 3570:Kaingsa Mingyi 3527:Dhammathat Kyaw 3380: 3350:U Tin of Pagan 3332:Zeya Thinkhaya 3274:Shin Sandalinka 3152: 3140:Monywe Sayadaw 3122:Letwe Nawrahta 3100:Letwe Nawrahta 3063:Shwenankyawshin 3006:Pyay Zon Mawgun 2917:are on record. 2867: 2862: 2838:Pawtugi Yazawin 2816: 2795: 2744:Pawtugi Yazawin 2740: 2638: 2537: 2443: 2394:Rakhine Razawin 2339:Rakhine Razawin 2295: 2259: 2240:(Bago Rajawan) 2188: 2166: 2004: 1950: 1935:Toungoo Yazawin 1844: 1820:Mrauk-U Kingdom 1812: 1796:Letwe Nawratha 1783: 1759:Letwe Nawrahta 1758: 1744: 1712: 1680: 1648: 1616: 1605: 1591: 1495: 1479:Maung Maung Tin 1471: 1449: 1427: 1405: 1383: 1326: 1314:Maung Maung Tin 1230:Hmannan Yazawin 1224:Hmannan Yazawin 1216: 1206:Hmannan Yazawin 1204:Main articles: 1202: 1200:Hmannan Yazawin 1189:Hmannan Yazawin 1139: 1133: 1084:Great Chronicle 1061: 1055: 1047: 1012: 984: 981:Tagaung Kingdom 979:("Chronicle of 976:Tagaung Yazawin 961:Pawtugi Yazawin 958: 953:("Chronicle of 949: 944:("Chronicle of 940: 935: 930:("Chronicle of 926: 919: 873:Konbaung forces 828: 739:Pyu city-states 726: 532: 531: 530: 529: 528: 525: 517: 516: 513: 505: 504: 501: 493: 492: 489: 478: 382: 346: 344: 189:Toungoo dynasty 149:Sagaing Kingdom 90: 74:Tagaung Kingdom 67: 60:Pyu city-states 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7027: 7017: 7016: 7011: 6994: 6993: 6991: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6964: 6962: 6956: 6955: 6953: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6916: 6914: 6908: 6907: 6905: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6877:Mani Yadanabon 6874: 6869: 6863: 6861: 6855: 6854: 6852: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6810: 6808: 6802: 6801: 6799: 6798: 6793: 6787: 6785: 6779: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6755: 6753: 6747: 6746: 6744: 6743: 6738: 6736:Hsipaw Yazawin 6733: 6731:Hsenwi Yazawin 6728: 6723: 6718: 6712: 6710: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6668:Inzauk Razawin 6665: 6660: 6654: 6652: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6625:Slapat Rajawan 6622: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6601: 6599: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6558: 6556: 6547: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6501: 6499: 6493: 6492: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6469: 6467: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6439: 6433: 6431: 6424: 6418: 6417: 6403: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6380: 6374: 6373: 6352: 6342:on 14 May 2014 6327: 6318: 6312: 6299: 6293: 6280: 6268: 6256: 6240: 6234: 6221: 6215: 6202: 6196:(in Burmese). 6189: 6180: 6171: 6165: 6152: 6140: 6128: 6117: 6111: 6095: 6089: 6076: 6067: 6058: 6035: 6029: 6016: 6010: 5997: 5983: 5955: 5943: 5923: 5917: 5904: 5895: 5886: 5874: 5868: 5852: 5841: 5832: 5823: 5786: 5777: 5771: 5755: 5749: 5736: 5730: 5717: 5708: 5699: 5687: 5675: 5663: 5644: 5638: 5625: 5619: 5606: 5563: 5557: 5544: 5538: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5517: 5508: 5499: 5490: 5481: 5472: 5463: 5454: 5445: 5436: 5427: 5418: 5404: 5392: 5383: 5374: 5362: 5353: 5344: 5335: 5323: 5314: 5305: 5296: 5284: 5275: 5266: 5257: 5237: 5225: 5216: 5207: 5198: 5189: 5175: 5155: 5143: 5134: 5125: 5113: 5104: 5095: 5079: 5067: 5058: 5042: 5030: 5016: 5007: 4998: 4989: 4980: 4971: 4959: 4957:Wade 2012: 126 4947: 4935: 4923: 4911: 4902: 4893: 4884: 4875: 4861: 4852: 4843: 4831: 4819: 4810: 4798: 4784: 4775: 4766: 4754: 4745: 4736: 4727: 4718: 4706: 4697: 4688: 4676: 4664: 4650: 4641: 4632: 4623: 4614: 4600: 4598:Wade 2012: 125 4591: 4572: 4563: 4554: 4542: 4533: 4524: 4515: 4503: 4491: 4482: 4473: 4457: 4448: 4436: 4422: 4396: 4387: 4378: 4369: 4355: 4346: 4337: 4325: 4309: 4293: 4279: 4265: 4235: 4223: 4203: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4178: 4177: 4151: 4138: 4129: 4120: 4116:Ananda Chandra 4107: 4097: 4084: 4071: 4052: 4042: 4032: 4015: 3998: 3984: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3977: 3976: 3962: 3959: 3941: 3940:Current status 3938: 3915: 3912: 3887: 3884: 3871: 3864: 3861: 3834: 3831: 3825: 3822: 3809:Southeast Asia 3793: 3786: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3774: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3754: 3753: 3748: 3743: 3740: 3730: 3729: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3701: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3691: 3688: 3685: 3679: 3678: 3675: 3669: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3656: 3650: 3647: 3641: 3640: 3637: 3634: 3631: 3613: 3610: 3607: 3606: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3591: 3590: 3587: 3584: 3581: 3575: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3565: 3559: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3543: 3542: 3539: 3533: 3530: 3522: 3521: 3518: 3512: 3506: 3498: 3497: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3462: 3445:new legal code 3391:(also spelled 3379: 3376: 3373: 3372: 3369: 3366: 3363: 3355: 3354: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3337: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3319: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3302: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3284: 3283: 3276: 3271: 3268: 3265:Mani Yadanabon 3260: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3242: 3241: 3238:Mani Yadanabon 3222: 3217: 3211: 3203: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3184:Mani Yadanabon 3173:Mani Yadanabon 3151: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3127: 3126: 3123: 3120: 3117: 3109: 3108: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3087: 3086: 3080: 3079:Shin Than Kho 3077: 3074: 3066: 3065: 3059: 3058:Shin Htwe Nyo 3056: 3053: 3045: 3044: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3023: 3022: 3015: 3014:Shin Htwe Nyo 3012: 3009: 3001: 3000: 2994: 2989: 2986: 2978: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2907:Mauktaw Eigyin 2866: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2855: 2854: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2833: 2832: 2830:J.S. Furnivall 2826: 2824: 2821: 2808: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2787: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2739: 2736: 2733: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2727:19th century? 2722: 2714: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2707:19th century? 2702: 2699:Hsipaw Yazawin 2694: 2693: 2691: 2689: 2688:19th century? 2683: 2680:Hsenwi Yazawin 2675: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2659: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2641: 2640: 2635: 2632: 2625: 2617: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2607: 2539:The rulers of 2536: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2521: 2518: 2510: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2497: 2489: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2471: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2453: 2452: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2435: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2428: 2420: 2419: 2417: 2415: 2413: 2410:Inzauk Razawin 2405: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2389: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2382: 2374: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2278: 2270: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2251: 2250: 2247: 2246:Sayadaw Athwa 2244: 2241: 2237:Slapat Rajawan 2232: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2220: 2212: 2211: 2204: 2199: 2193: 2180: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2168: 2158: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1996: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1976: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1964: 1956: 1955: 1947: 1944: 1938: 1930: 1929: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1909: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1891: 1890: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1870: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1860: 1843: 1840: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1797: 1794: 1788: 1775: 1774: 1760: 1755: 1749: 1736: 1735: 1728: 1723: 1717: 1704: 1703: 1696: 1694:Letwe Nawrahta 1691: 1685: 1672: 1671: 1664: 1659: 1653: 1640: 1639: 1632: 1627: 1621: 1608: 1607: 1602: 1599: 1593: 1583: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1530:Usually named 1524:Alaung Mintaya 1516:Hsinbyumyashin 1494: 1491: 1488: 1487: 1481: 1476: 1473: 1463: 1462: 1459: 1454: 1451: 1441: 1440: 1437: 1432: 1429: 1419: 1418: 1415: 1410: 1407: 1397: 1396: 1393: 1388: 1385: 1375: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1352:Yazawin Thit's 1325: 1322: 1274:Monywe Sayadaw 1210:Dutiya Yazawin 1201: 1198: 1193:Yazawin Thit's 1135:Main article: 1132: 1129: 1057:Main article: 1054: 1051: 1046: 1043: 1022: 1021: 1000: 994: 993: 972: 966: 965: 911: 905: 904: 901: 865:Mrauk-U forces 827: 824: 789:Southeast Asia 725: 722: 667:ရာဇဝင် သံပေါက် 583:ခေါင်းလောင်းစာ 526: 519: 518: 514: 507: 506: 502: 495: 494: 490: 483: 482: 481: 480: 479: 477: 474: 470:Southeast Asia 384: 383: 381: 380: 373: 366: 358: 355: 354: 341: 340: 339: 338: 337: 336: 326: 321: 316: 311: 303: 302: 301: 300: 299: 298: 292: 286: 280: 274: 259: 258: 257: 256: 255: 254: 248: 242: 236: 221: 220: 219: 218: 212: 206: 205: 204: 198: 186: 185: 184: 178: 172: 166: 165: 164: 158: 155:Kingdom of Ava 152: 146: 143:Pinya Kingdoms 125: 124: 123: 108: 107: 106: 105: 98: 97: 93:Thaton Kingdom 87: 86: 79: 78: 64: 63: 57: 56:11,000–200 BCE 48: 47: 39: 38: 26: 18:Mon chronicles 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7026: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7004: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6965: 6963: 6961: 6957: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6917: 6915: 6913: 6912:Law treatises 6909: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6892:Shwebon Nidan 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6864: 6862: 6860: 6856: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6811: 6809: 6807: 6803: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6788: 6786: 6784: 6780: 6770: 6769:Myeik Yazawin 6767: 6765: 6764:Dawei Yazawin 6762: 6760: 6757: 6756: 6754: 6752: 6751:Miscellaneous 6748: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6721:Zinme Yazawin 6719: 6717: 6714: 6713: 6711: 6709: 6705: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6673:Razawin Linka 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6655: 6653: 6651: 6647: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6635:Lik Amin Asah 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6602: 6600: 6598: 6594: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6562:Pagan Yazawin 6560: 6559: 6557: 6555: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6542: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6502: 6500: 6498: 6494: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6468: 6464: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6447: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6419: 6415: 6410: 6401: 6396: 6394: 6389: 6387: 6382: 6381: 6378: 6362: 6358: 6353: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6328: 6324: 6319: 6315: 6309: 6305: 6300: 6296: 6290: 6286: 6281: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6265: 6261: 6257: 6253: 6246: 6241: 6237: 6231: 6227: 6222: 6218: 6212: 6208: 6203: 6199: 6195: 6190: 6186: 6181: 6177: 6172: 6168: 6162: 6158: 6153: 6146: 6141: 6137: 6133: 6129: 6125: 6124: 6118: 6114: 6108: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6092: 6086: 6082: 6077: 6073: 6068: 6064: 6059: 6055: 6051: 6044: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6026: 6022: 6017: 6013: 6011:9780801480935 6007: 6003: 5998: 5994: 5990: 5986: 5980: 5976: 5972: 5968: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5952: 5948: 5944: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5918:9780415332330 5914: 5910: 5905: 5901: 5896: 5892: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5875: 5871: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5848: 5842: 5838: 5833: 5829: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5812: 5808: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5787: 5783: 5778: 5774: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5752: 5746: 5742: 5737: 5733: 5727: 5723: 5718: 5714: 5709: 5705: 5700: 5693: 5688: 5681: 5676: 5669: 5664: 5660: 5656: 5649: 5645: 5641: 5635: 5631: 5626: 5622: 5616: 5612: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5564: 5560: 5554: 5550: 5545: 5541: 5535: 5531: 5526: 5525: 5512: 5503: 5494: 5485: 5476: 5467: 5458: 5449: 5440: 5431: 5422: 5413: 5411: 5409: 5399: 5397: 5387: 5378: 5369: 5367: 5360:Hall 1960: 34 5357: 5348: 5339: 5330: 5328: 5318: 5309: 5300: 5291: 5289: 5279: 5270: 5261: 5252: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5232: 5230: 5220: 5211: 5202: 5193: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5150: 5148: 5138: 5129: 5120: 5118: 5108: 5099: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5084: 5074: 5072: 5062: 5053: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5037: 5035: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5011: 5002: 4993: 4984: 4975: 4966: 4964: 4954: 4952: 4942: 4940: 4930: 4928: 4918: 4916: 4906: 4897: 4888: 4879: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4856: 4847: 4841:Goh 2009: 131 4838: 4836: 4826: 4824: 4814: 4805: 4803: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4779: 4770: 4761: 4759: 4749: 4740: 4731: 4722: 4713: 4711: 4701: 4692: 4683: 4681: 4671: 4669: 4659: 4657: 4655: 4648:Hall 1961: 88 4645: 4636: 4627: 4618: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4595: 4586: 4583: 4576: 4567: 4558: 4549: 4547: 4537: 4528: 4519: 4510: 4508: 4498: 4496: 4486: 4477: 4468: 4466: 4464: 4462: 4452: 4443: 4441: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4417: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4409: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4391: 4382: 4373: 4364: 4362: 4360: 4353:Goh 2009: 115 4350: 4341: 4332: 4330: 4320: 4318: 4316: 4314: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4288: 4286: 4284: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4230: 4228: 4218: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4187: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4161: 4155: 4148: 4142: 4133: 4124: 4117: 4111: 4101: 4094: 4088: 4081: 4080:Zinme Yazawin 4075: 4067: 4062: 4056: 4046: 4036: 4029: 4025: 4019: 4012: 4008: 4002: 3995: 3989: 3985: 3975: 3965: 3964: 3958: 3956: 3952: 3947: 3937: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3911: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3892: 3883: 3876: 3870: 3860: 3856: 3854: 3850: 3849: 3844: 3840: 3830: 3821: 3819: 3814: 3810: 3805: 3798: 3792: 3773: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3760: 3756: 3755: 3749: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3737: 3736: 3732: 3731: 3717: 3714: 3711: 3707: 3692: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3680: 3676: 3674: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3642: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3618: 3604: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3592: 3588: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3576: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3544: 3540: 3538: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3528: 3524: 3523: 3519: 3517: 3513: 3507: 3505: 3504: 3500: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3489: 3485: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3473: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3449: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3429: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3415: 3410: 3406: 3405: 3400: 3399: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3385: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3361: 3357: 3356: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3343: 3339: 3338: 3334: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3325: 3324:Shwebon Nidan 3321: 3320: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3308: 3304: 3303: 3299: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3290: 3286: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3269: 3267: 3266: 3262: 3261: 3257: 3255:Inyon Mingyi 3254: 3251: 3249: 3248: 3244: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3212: 3210: 3209: 3205: 3204: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3175: 3174: 3159: 3158: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3133: 3129: 3128: 3124: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3093: 3089: 3088: 3085: 3081: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3072: 3068: 3067: 3064: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3051: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3007: 3003: 3002: 2999: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2979: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2947: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2884:, chiefly in 2883: 2876: 2873:1967 copy of 2871: 2852: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2839: 2835: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2815: 2814: 2813:Myeik Yazawin 2810: 2809: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2799: 2794: 2793: 2792:Dawei Yazawin 2789: 2788: 2774: 2771: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2756:Myeik Yazawin 2753: 2752:Dawei Yazawin 2749: 2745: 2738:Miscellaneous 2731: 2729: 2723: 2721: 2720: 2716: 2715: 2711: 2709: 2703: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2684: 2682: 2681: 2677: 2676: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2665: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2653: 2651:18th century 2650: 2648: 2647: 2646:Zinme Yazawin 2643: 2642: 2636: 2633: 2626: 2624: 2623: 2619: 2618: 2604: 2601: 2599: 2598: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2584:Lan Na script 2581: 2580:Zinme Yazawin 2577: 2573: 2568: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2551: 2548: 2547: 2542: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2516: 2512: 2511: 2507: 2504: 2498: 2496: 2495: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2478: 2477: 2473: 2472: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2459: 2455: 2454: 2451: 2449: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2437: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2426: 2425:Razawin Linka 2422: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2411: 2407: 2406: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2395: 2391: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2380: 2376: 2375: 2361: 2358: 2354: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2322: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2304: 2299: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2276: 2272: 2271: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2258: 2257: 2256:Lik Amin Asah 2253: 2252: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2233: 2229: 2227: 2221: 2219: 2218: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2194: 2192: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2181: 2177: 2175: 2169: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2159: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2111: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2060: 2054: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2035: 2034: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2006:The original 1995: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1982: 1978: 1977: 1973: 1971: 1969:16th century 1965: 1963: 1962: 1958: 1957: 1954: 1948: 1945: 1939: 1937: 1936: 1932: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1915: 1911: 1910: 1906: 1903: 1901:19th century 1900: 1898: 1897: 1893: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1882: 1880:16th century 1879: 1877: 1876: 1875:Pagan Yazawin 1872: 1871: 1857: 1852: 1848: 1839: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1802: 1798: 1795: 1789: 1787: 1782: 1781: 1777: 1776: 1772: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1756: 1750: 1748: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1718: 1716: 1711: 1710: 1706: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1686: 1684: 1679: 1678: 1674: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1654: 1652: 1647: 1646: 1642: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1622: 1620: 1615: 1614: 1610: 1609: 1603: 1600: 1594: 1590: 1589: 1585: 1584: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1526: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1486: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1470: 1469: 1465: 1464: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1452: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1442: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1426: 1425: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1404: 1403: 1399: 1398: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1382: 1381: 1377: 1376: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1291: 1289: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1197: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1181:အပယ်ခံ ရာဇဝင် 1177: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1138: 1128: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1108: 1103: 1102: 1097: 1093: 1092:Toungoo court 1089: 1085: 1081: 1080: 1072: 1071: 1065: 1060: 1050: 1042: 1039: 1035: 1034: 1029: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1005: 1001: 999: 996: 995: 991: 990:Pagan Dynasty 987: 982: 978: 977: 973: 971: 968: 967: 963: 962: 956: 952: 951:Zinme Yazawin 947: 943: 938: 933: 929: 924: 923: 917: 916: 912: 910: 907: 906: 898: 895: 891: 889: 888: 883: 882: 876: 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 853: 852: 847: 846: 840: 832: 823: 821: 811: 807: 803: 799: 794: 790: 785: 783: 779: 775: 771: 767: 766:Rosetta Stone 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 742: 740: 736: 730: 721: 719: 718: 713: 712: 707: 704:) while some 703: 702: 697: 696: 691: 687: 683: 680: 676: 671: 663: 659: 649: 639: 635: 625: 615: 611: 601: 600: 589: 580:) and bells ( 573: 568: 560: 550: 540: 539: 523: 511: 499: 487: 473: 471: 466: 462: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 438: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 403: 395: 391: 379: 374: 372: 367: 365: 360: 359: 357: 356: 353: 343: 342: 335: 334:Military rule 332: 331: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 306: 305: 304: 296: 293: 290: 287: 284: 281: 278: 275: 272: 269: 268: 267:1948–present 266: 263: 262: 261: 260: 252: 249: 246: 243: 240: 237: 234: 231: 230: 228: 225: 224: 223: 222: 216: 213: 210: 207: 202: 199: 196: 193: 192: 190: 187: 182: 179: 176: 173: 170: 167: 162: 161:Prome Kingdom 159: 156: 153: 150: 147: 144: 140: 137: 136: 134: 133:Upper Myanmar 131: 130: 129: 126: 121: 118: 117: 115: 114:Pagan Kingdom 112: 111: 110: 109: 103: 100: 99: 94: 89: 88: 85:825?–1057? CE 84: 81: 80: 75: 71: 66: 65: 61: 58: 55: 52: 51: 50: 49: 45: 41: 40: 37: 34: 33: 30: 19: 6867:Zabu Kun-Cha 6796:Sasana Vamsa 6791:Yazawin Kyaw 6716:Jinakalamali 6658:Maha Razawin 6582:Pyay Yazawin 6572:Inwa Yazawin 6478:Yazawin Thit 6473:Yazawin Kyaw 6437:Maha Yazawin 6413: 6365:. Retrieved 6360: 6344:. Retrieved 6340:the original 6335: 6322: 6303: 6284: 6275: 6274:, U (2010). 6263: 6251: 6225: 6206: 6197: 6193: 6184: 6175: 6156: 6135: 6122: 6102: 6080: 6071: 6063:Yazawin Kyaw 6062: 6053: 6049: 6020: 6001: 5966: 5962: 5950: 5949:, U (1724). 5935:. Retrieved 5931:the original 5908: 5890: 5881: 5859: 5858:, U (1985). 5846: 5836: 5827: 5794: 5790: 5781: 5762: 5740: 5721: 5712: 5703: 5658: 5654: 5629: 5610: 5575: 5571: 5548: 5529: 5522:Bibliography 5511: 5502: 5493: 5484: 5475: 5470:Hall 1960: 7 5466: 5457: 5448: 5439: 5430: 5421: 5386: 5377: 5356: 5347: 5338: 5317: 5308: 5299: 5278: 5269: 5260: 5219: 5210: 5201: 5192: 5137: 5128: 5107: 5098: 5061: 5010: 5001: 4992: 4983: 4974: 4905: 4896: 4887: 4878: 4855: 4846: 4813: 4778: 4769: 4748: 4739: 4730: 4721: 4700: 4691: 4644: 4635: 4626: 4617: 4594: 4585: 4581: 4575: 4566: 4557: 4536: 4527: 4518: 4485: 4476: 4451: 4390: 4381: 4372: 4349: 4340: 4172: 4154: 4141: 4132: 4123: 4115: 4110: 4100: 4087: 4079: 4074: 4055: 4045: 4035: 4028:Yazawin Kyaw 4027: 4023: 4018: 4011:Yazawin Kyaw 4010: 4006: 4001: 3993: 3988: 3943: 3933:Maha Yazawin 3932: 3917: 3900:Tagaung eras 3893: 3889: 3880: 3867: 3857: 3846: 3843:Maha Yazawin 3842: 3839:Yazawin Kyaw 3838: 3836: 3827: 3806: 3802: 3789: 3757: 3735:Yazawin Kyaw 3733: 3709: 3705: 3703: 3682: 3663: 3644: 3620: 3616: 3615: 3594: 3578: 3562: 3546: 3525: 3501: 3475: 3452: 3450: 3432: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3412: 3408: 3402: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3382: 3381: 3358: 3340: 3322: 3305: 3287: 3280:Zabu Kun-Cha 3279: 3263: 3245: 3237: 3208:Zabu Kun-Cha 3206: 3183: 3171: 3155: 3153: 3130: 3112: 3090: 3083: 3069: 3048: 3040: 3026: 3018: 3004: 2981: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2948: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2879: 2874: 2836: 2811: 2790: 2762:(Dawei) and 2755: 2751: 2743: 2741: 2717: 2697: 2678: 2662: 2644: 2622:Jinakalamali 2620: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2579: 2576:Jinakalamali 2575: 2572:Shan scripts 2569: 2563: 2559:Jinakalamali 2558: 2549: 2544: 2538: 2513: 2492: 2474: 2456: 2438: 2423: 2408: 2392: 2379:Maha Razawin 2377: 2355: 2350: 2347:Maha Razawin 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2331:Maha Razawin 2330: 2326: 2323: 2309: 2307: 2302: 2273: 2254: 2235: 2215: 2210:(1287–1421) 2207: 2183: 2161: 2138: 2126: 2122: 2108: 2106: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2075: 2067: 2063: 2057: 2055: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2031: 2023: 2008:Mon language 2005: 1979: 1961:Pyay Yazawin 1959: 1933: 1926:Maha Yazawin 1925: 1914:Inwa Yazawin 1912: 1894: 1886: 1873: 1850: 1813: 1778: 1770: 1768:Minye Deibba 1739: 1707: 1675: 1643: 1638:(1287–1421) 1635: 1611: 1586: 1555: 1551: 1531: 1529: 1506: 1505:chronicles: 1502: 1484: 1466: 1444: 1422: 1402:Yazawin Thit 1400: 1380:Maha Yazawin 1378: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1344:Yazawin Thit 1343: 1341: 1336: 1335:Part III or 1332: 1311: 1294: 1292: 1287: 1281: 1277: 1270:Maha Sammata 1262:origin story 1257: 1254:Yazawin Thit 1253: 1250:Maha Yazawin 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1229: 1228: 1223: 1192: 1188: 1186: 1175: 1172: 1167: 1164:Maha Yazawin 1163: 1147:Maha Yazawin 1146: 1143:Yazawin Thit 1142: 1140: 1137:Yazawin Thit 1131:Yazawin Thit 1124:Maha Yazawin 1123: 1120:Yazawin Gyok 1119: 1115: 1111: 1105: 1099: 1083: 1079:Maha Yazawin 1077: 1075: 1070:Maha Yazawin 1068: 1059:Maha Yazawin 1053:Maha Yazawin 1048: 1038:Maha Yazawin 1037: 1033:Maha Yazawin 1031: 1028:in some form 1027: 1025: 1013: 1002: 997: 985: 974: 969: 959: 950: 941: 936: 928:Inwa Yazawin 927: 922:Yazawin Kyaw 920: 913: 908: 892: 887:Yazawin Kyaw 885: 879: 877: 849: 843: 841: 837: 809: 801: 786: 770:Pyu language 761: 757: 743: 731: 727: 724:Inscriptions 717:Yazawin Kyaw 715: 709: 705: 699: 693: 689: 685: 681: 674: 672: 661: 647: 637: 623: 613: 597: 572:inscriptions 569: 558: 548: 536: 533: 467: 463: 439: 406: 389: 387: 323: 297:2021–present 83:Mon kingdoms 29: 6872:Lawka Byuha 6708:Shan states 6610:Mon Yazawin 6554:Upper Burma 4093:Lord Curzon 3875:G.E. Harvey 3818:D.G.E. Hall 3759:Thathanawin 3742:1502, 1520 3453:dhammathats 3443:compiled a 3423:dhammathats 3419:dhammathats 3409:dhammathats 3389:Hpyat-htons 3384:Dhammathats 3247:Lawka Byuha 3234:Minkhaung I 3103:Covers the 3036:Shin Thuye 2992:Adu Min Nyo 2853:(Thanlyin) 2541:Shan states 2535:Shan states 2202:Binnya Dala 2198:1550s–1565 2127:Gavampati's 2039:Nai Pan Hla 2028:Binnya Dala 1842:Upper Burma 1766:; based on 1630:Binnya Dala 1626:1550s–1565 1564:Hsinbyushin 1508:Dhanyawaddy 1116:Yazawin Lat 932:Ava Kingdom 658:chronograms 656:)); and as 629:အရေးတော်ပုံ 538:dhammathats 454:Shan states 446:Lower Burma 442:Upper Burma 435:chronograms 175:Shan States 7003:Categories 6272:Thaw Kaung 6039:Lingat, R. 4580:"Burmah", 4183:References 4024:Zatadawbon 4007:Zatadawbon 3914:Post-Pagan 3904:Sri Ksetra 3896:allegories 3853:Ava period 3833:Influences 3767:Pannasami 3725:Author(s) 3537:Bayinnaung 3483:1174–1211 3467:Author(s) 3428:Manusmriti 3414:Manusmriti 3347:1931–1933 3226:Swa Saw Ke 3198:Author(s) 3179:မဏိရတနာပုံ 3082:Basis for 2998:Ba Saw Pru 2973:Author(s) 2782:Author(s) 2612:Author(s) 2369:Author(s) 2318:Devanagari 2314:Swa Saw Ke 2280:1910–1912 2153:Author(s) 2135:Shin Sawbu 1865:Author(s) 1793:1786–1790 1732:Alaungpaya 1715:Alaungpaya 1700:Alaungpaya 1683:Alaungpaya 1668:Bayinnaung 1651:Bayinnaung 1578:Author(s) 1548:Alaungpaya 1540:Bayinnaung 1532:ayedawbons 1370:Author(s) 1151:epigraphic 1018:Bayinnaung 848:cost 3000 774:Bayinnaung 754:Kyansittha 690:ayedawbons 686:ayedawbons 682:rāja-vaṃsa 624:ayedawbons 574:on stone ( 265:Modern era 229:1824–1948 191:1510–1752 135:1297–1555 6887:Yazawwada 6620:Gavampati 6150:. UNESCO. 5993:155077963 5959:Lieberman 5878:Htin Aung 5819:211512934 5713:The Shans 5602:162150555 4169:G.H. Luce 4160:Htin Aung 4061:romanized 4059:Formerly 3994:parabaiks 3848:Mahavamsa 3673:Bodawpaya 3535:Court of 3514:Court of 3486:Court of 3307:Yazawwada 3039:Earliest 3017:Earliest 2959:thanbauks 2944:thanbauks 2550:(sawbwas) 2543:, called 2217:Gavampati 2191:Razadarit 2086:Gavampati 2077:Gavampati 2043:Razadarit 1953:Min Sithu 1885:Known as 1801:Bodawpaya 1786:Bodawpaya 1764:Nyaungyan 1747:Nyaungyan 1662:Yazataman 1619:Razadarit 1560:Bodawpaya 1544:Nyaungyan 1536:Razadarit 1520:Nyaungyan 1512:Razadarit 1503:ayedawbon 1303:Htin Aung 1258:Hmannan's 1238:thamaings 1101:Mahavamsa 1016:(of King 1009:Razadarit 1007:(of King 903:Examples 845:Tripiṭaka 798:Amarapura 793:Bodawpaya 762:Hmannan's 756:given in 750:Anawrahta 653:မော်ကွန်း 599:parabaiks 559:thamaings 423:palm leaf 295:SAC junta 291:2011–2015 285:1988–2010 279:1962–1988 273:1948–1962 253:1942–1945 247:1900–1948 241:1885–1895 235:1824–1885 217:1752–1885 211:1740–1757 203:1599–1752 197:1510–1599 183:1429–1785 177:1215–1563 163:1482–1542 157:1365–1555 151:1315–1365 145:1297–1365 139:Myinsaing 116:849–1297 104:788?–1406 6363:. Yangon 6262:(1964). 6260:Than Tun 6041:(1950). 4105:reduced. 3961:See also 3925:Cambodia 3872:— 3794:— 3785:Quantity 3780:Analysis 3722:Date(s) 3710:thamaing 3706:thamaing 3633:Date(s) 3624:Arakan. 3612:Censuses 3511:1290/91 3488:Sithu II 3464:Date(s) 3393:pyattons 3195:Date(s) 2970:Date(s) 2882:in verse 2779:Date(s) 2609:Date(s) 2505:Saya Me 2447:c. 1775 2366:Date(s) 2283:Unknown 2150:Date(s) 2139:Nidana's 2047:Pak Lat' 1862:Date(s) 1828:Kengtung 1670:to 1579 1575:Date(s) 1367:Date(s) 1156:Twinthin 1104:and the 708:such as 706:yazawins 675:Yazawins 614:yazawins 605:ပုရပိုက် 577:ကျောက်စာ 476:Overview 452:and the 419:parabaik 411:monarchy 309:Timeline 122:849–1044 6597:Ramanya 6099:Myint-U 5937:17 June 5811:2051625 5594:2646527 4584:9th ed. 4063:as the 3617:Sittans 3494:Sithu I 3230:Tarabya 2955:mawguns 2951:eigyins 2930:. Both 2928:mawguns 2919:Mawguns 2915:eigyins 2898:Eigyins 2564:Hmannan 2546:saophas 2123:Pak Lat 2119:Bangkok 2115:Pak Lat 2094:Slatpat 2090:Hmannan 2051:Hmannan 2002:Ramanya 1348:Hmannan 1333:Hmannan 1295:Hmannan 1288:Hmannan 1280:called 1278:Hmannan 1246:mawguns 1242:eigyins 648:mawguns 638:eigyins 564:သမိုင်း 554:စစ်တန်း 549:sittans 544:ဓမ္မသတ် 527:in Pali 421:paper, 415:Myanmar 394:Burmese 319:Leaders 6650:Arakan 6367:13 May 6346:13 May 6310: 6291: 6232: 6213: 6163: 6132:Phayre 6109: 6087: 6027: 6008: 5991: 5981: 5915: 5866: 5856:Hla Pe 5817: 5809: 5769: 5747: 5728: 5636: 5617: 5600: 5592: 5555: 5536: 4587:, 1878 4165:Hla Pe 3921:Champa 3772:Mindon 3728:Brief 3654:Thalun 3639:Brief 3621:sittan 3567:1630s 3516:Wareru 3470:Brief 3441:Rama I 3433:Wareru 3431:. 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Burmese chronicles

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