66:
373:. They found that the prevalence of MGUS was 3.2% in people above 50, with a slight male predominance (4.0% vs. 2.7%). Prevalence increased with age: of people over 70 up to 5.3% had MGUS, while in the over-85 age group the prevalence was 7.5%. In the majority of cases (63.5%), the paraprotein level was <1 g/dL, while only a very small group had levels over 2 g/dL.
365:
at the rate of about 1â2% a year, or 17%, 34%, and 39% at 10, 20, and 25 years, respectively, of follow-upâamong surviving patients. However, because they were elderly, most patients with MGUS died of something else and did not go on to develop multiple myeloma. When this was taken into account, only
1522:
Kyle, RA; Durie, BG; Rajkumar, SV; Landgren, O; Blade, J; Merlini, G; Kröger, N; Einsele, H; Vesole, DH; Dimopoulos, M; San Miguel, J; Avet-Loiseau, H; Hajek, R; Chen, WM; Anderson, KC; Ludwig, H; Sonneveld, P; Pavlovsky, S; Palumbo, A; Richardson, PG; Barlogie, B; Greipp, P; Vescio, R; Turesson, I;
317:
MGUS occurs in over 3 percent of the White population over the age of 50, and is typically detected as an incidental finding when patients undergo a protein electrophoresis as part of an evaluation for a wide variety of clinical symptoms and disorders (e.g., peripheral neuropathy, vasculitis,
1096:
Landgren O, Katzmann JA, Hsing AW, Pfeiffer RM, Kyle RA, Yeboah ED, Biritwum RB, Tettey Y, Adjei AA, Larson DR, Dispenzieri A, Melton LJ 3rd, Goldin LR, McMaster ML, Caporaso NE, Rajkumar SV (Dec 2007). "Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance among men in Ghana".
150:
People with monoclonal gammopathy generally do not experience signs or symptoms. Some people may experience a rash or nerve problems, such as numbness or tingling. MGUS is usually detected by chance when the patient has a blood test for another condition or as part of standard screening.
1478:
Berenson, JR; Anderson, KC; Audell, RA; Boccia, RV; Coleman, M; Dimopoulos, MA; Drake, MT; Fonseca, R; Harousseau, JL; Joshua, D; Lonial, S; Niesvizky, R; Palumbo, A; Roodman, GD; San-Miguel, JF; Singhal, S; Weber, DM; Zangari, M; Wirtschafter, E; Yellin, O; Kyle, RA (Jul 2010).
1320:
Barlogie, B; van Rhee, F; Shaughnessy JD Jr; Epstein, J; Yaccoby, S; Pineda-Roman, M; Hollmig, K; Alsayed, Y; Hoering, A; Szymonifka, J; Anaissie, E; Petty, N; Kumar, NS; Srivastava, G; Jenkins, B; Crowley, J; Zeldis, JB (Oct 15, 2008).
186:â) mixed in with cells of a normal phenotype (CD38+ CD56â CD19+); in MGUS, on average more than 3% of the clonal plasma cells have the normal phenotype, whereas in multiple myeloma, less than 3% of the cells have the normal phenotype.
194:
MGUS is a common, age-related medical condition characterized by an accumulation of bone marrow plasma cells derived from a single abnormal clone. Patients may be diagnosed with MGUS if they fulfill the following four criteria:
1364:
Rossi, F; Petrucci, MT; Guffanti, A; Marcheselli, L; Rossi, D; Callea, V; Vincenzo, F; De Muro, M; Baraldi, A; Villani, O; Musto, P; Bacigalupo, A; Gaidano, G; Avvisati, G; Goldaniga, M; Depaoli, L; Baldini, L (Jul 1, 2009).
1274:
PĂ©rez-Persona, E; Vidriales, MB; Mateo, G; GarcĂa-Sanz, R; Mateos, MV; de Coca, AG; Galende, J; MartĂn-Nuñez, G; Alonso, JM; de Las Heras, N; HernĂĄndez, JM; MartĂn, A; LĂłpez-Berges, C; Orfao, A; San Miguel, JF (Oct 1, 2007).
134:
is lower, and it rarely has symptoms or major problems. However, since MGUS can lead to multiple myeloma, which develops at the rate of about 1.5% a year, or other symptomatic conditions, yearly monitoring is recommended.
1188:"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering multiple myeloma: a review of the current understanding of epidemiology, biology, risk stratification, and management of myeloma precursor disease"
476:"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering multiple myeloma: a review of the current understanding of epidemiology, biology, risk stratification, and management of myeloma precursor disease"
1604:
1589:
1525:"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma: IMWG consensus perspectives risk factors for progression and guidelines for monitoring and management"
572:
Zhan F, Hardin J, Kordsmeier B, Bumm K, Zheng M, Tian E, Sanderson R, Yang Y, Wilson C, Zangari M, Anaissie E, Morris C, Muwalla F, van Rhee F, Fassas A, Crowley J, Tricot G, Barlogie B, Shaughnessy J (2002).
1277:"New criteria to identify risk of progression in monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance and smoldering multiple myeloma based on multiparameter flow cytometry analysis of bone marrow plasma cells"
1402:"The potential role of curcumin in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undefined significance--its effect on paraproteinemia and the urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen bone turnover marker"
657:"Immunophenotypic characterization of plasma cells from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance patients. Implications for the differential diagnosis between MGUS and multiple myeloma"
2732:
1701:
2476:
17:
1323:"Seven-year median time to progression with thalidomide for smoldering myeloma: partial response identifies subset requiring earlier salvage therapy for symptomatic disease"
138:
The progression from MGUS to multiple myeloma usually involves several steps. In rare cases, it may also be related with a slowly progressive symmetric distal sensorimotor
786:
Larking-Pettigrew M, Ranich T, Kelly R (1999). "Rapid onset monoclonal gammopathy in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: interference with complement C3 and C4 measurement".
1694:
614:
Magrangeas F, Nasser V, Avet-Loiseau H, Loriod B, Decaux O, Granjeaud S, Bertucci F, Birnbaum D, Nguyen C, Harousseau J, Bataille R, Houlgatte R, Minvielle S (2003).
2030:
977:
Nobile-Orazio E.; et al. (June 1992). "Peripheral neuropathy in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: prevalence and immunopathogenetic studies".
655:
Ocqueteau M, Orfao A, Almeida J, BladĂ© J, GonzĂĄlez M, GarcĂa-Sanz R, LĂłpez-Berges C, Moro M, HernĂĄndez J, Escribano L, Caballero D, Rozman M, San Miguel J (1998).
2147:
1687:
1619:
353:. If none of these tests are abnormal, a patient with MGUS is followed up once every 6 months to a year with a blood test (serum protein electrophoresis).
318:
hemolytic anemia, skin rashes, hypercalcemia, or elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Although patients with MGUS have sometimes been reported to have
2737:
698:"Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: a report of the International Myeloma Working Group"
2546:
1132:
Landgren O, Kyle RA, Pfeiffer RM, Katzmann JA, Caporaso NE, Hayes RB, Dispenzieri A, Kumar S, Clark RJ, Baris D, Hoover R, Rajkumar SV (28 May 2009).
2760:
2112:
2502:
575:"Global gene expression profiling of multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, and normal bone marrow plasma cells"
1841:
2192:
2705:
413:
2744:
2290:
2169:
2035:
329:
test should be repeated annually, and if there is any concern for a rise in the level of monoclonal protein, then prompt referral to a
763:
746:
2270:
2068:
1055:
Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Rajkumar SV, Larson DR, Plevak MF, Offord JR, Dispenzieri A, Katzmann JA, Melton LJ 3rd (28 December 2006).
2694:
2368:
1922:
2541:
2360:
1911:
1367:"Proposal and validation of prognostic scoring systems for IgG and IgA monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance"
387:
2689:
616:"Gene expression profiling of multiple myeloma reveals molecular portraits in relation to the pathogenesis of the disease"
48:
Benign monoclonal gammopathy, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance, monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance,
2645:
2265:
2063:
1947:
322:, a debilitating condition which causes bizarre sensory problems to painful sensory problems, no treatment is indicated.
2593:
2304:
2536:
1134:"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) consistently precedes multiple myeloma: a prospective study"
1834:
525:"Paraproteinaemia in neurological disease: incidence, associations, and classification of monoclonal immunoglobulins"
454:
159:
Pathologically, the lesion in MGUS is in fact very similar to that in multiple myeloma. There is a predominance of
2497:
1764:
254:
1231:"Advances in understanding monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance as a precursor of multiple myeloma"
2801:
2727:
2719:
2578:
2456:
2395:
2381:
2275:
2216:
2053:
1979:
268:
745:
Murakami H, Irisawa H, Saitoh T, Matsushima T, Tamura J, Sawamura M, Karasawa M, Hosomura Y, Kojima M (1997).
383:
In 2009, prospective data demonstrated that all or almost all cases of multiple myeloma are preceded by MGUS.
286:
2775:
2685:
2635:
2531:
2260:
2044:
362:
2667:
2573:
2556:
2364:
1918:
1827:
1710:
278:
259:
2608:
2481:
2187:
1235:
2523:
1783:
1771:
2411:
2252:
2174:
370:
274:
369:
Kyle et al. studied the prevalence of myeloma in the population as a whole (not clinic patients) in
2613:
2441:
1627:
821:
Czaplinski A, Steck A (2004). "Immune mediated neuropathies--an update on therapeutic strategies".
2079:
326:
206:
74:
2630:
2507:
2486:
2400:
2181:
1800:
1679:
221:
160:
2639:
2229:
2202:
2123:
2025:
1722:
418:
408:
319:
91:
28:
1819:
333:
is required. The hematologist, when first evaluating a case of MGUS, will usually perform a
2436:
2048:
1959:
1867:
1743:
264:
240:, and the monoclonal protein may be the first discovery before a formal diagnosis is made:
115:
8:
2236:
2020:
1990:
1776:
1608:
1020:
Bladé J (2006). "Clinical practice. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance".
403:
346:
249:
2700:
1549:
1524:
1510:
1461:
1436:
1347:
1322:
1257:
1230:
1212:
1187:
1158:
1133:
1002:
990:
954:
919:
897:
846:
727:
673:
656:
549:
524:
500:
475:
350:
1613:
865:
2780:
2431:
2420:
2210:
2100:
2015:
1760:
1638:
1554:
1502:
1497:
1480:
1466:
1423:
1388:
1352:
1308:
1262:
1217:
1163:
1114:
1078:
1037:
994:
959:
941:
889:
838:
803:
768:
719:
714:
697:
678:
637:
596:
554:
505:
450:
380:
showed a prevalence of MGUS of approximately 5.9% in
African men over the age of 50.
2450:
1514:
1400:
Golombick, T; Diamond, TH; Badmaev, V; Manoharan, A; Ramakrishna, R (Sep 15, 2009).
1006:
901:
850:
2550:
2329:
2197:
2096:
1808:
1755:
1739:
1667:
1544:
1536:
1492:
1456:
1448:
1413:
1378:
1342:
1334:
1298:
1288:
1252:
1244:
1207:
1199:
1153:
1145:
1106:
1068:
1029:
986:
949:
931:
879:
830:
795:
758:
731:
709:
668:
627:
586:
544:
536:
495:
487:
244:
127:
119:
1452:
1418:
1401:
1383:
1366:
1203:
491:
2323:
2318:
2127:
2011:
1877:
1872:
1726:
1632:
1437:"Prevention of progression in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance"
1338:
1293:
1276:
1149:
936:
334:
237:
171:
99:
1273:
2770:
1788:
632:
615:
471:
342:
296:
291:
1643:
1598:
1319:
834:
799:
2795:
2677:
2376:
2285:
2241:
2058:
1932:
945:
591:
574:
338:
217:
122:
and similar diseases, but the levels of antibodies are lower, the number of
2280:
1942:
1734:
1558:
1506:
1481:"Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a consensus statement"
1470:
1427:
1392:
1356:
1312:
1266:
1221:
1167:
1118:
1082:
1041:
963:
893:
870:
842:
807:
723:
641:
600:
509:
330:
123:
95:
1523:
Westin, J; Boccadoro, M; International
Myeloma Working, Group (Jun 2010).
1399:
1363:
998:
772:
682:
558:
1954:
1073:
1056:
1033:
884:
540:
391:
301:
202:
167:
163:
131:
1540:
1477:
1303:
764:
10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199711)56:3<173::AID-AJH7>3.0.CO;2-V
1850:
1110:
139:
111:
1581:
1248:
361:
At the Mayo Clinic, MGUS transformed into multiple myeloma or similar
1662:
1521:
747:"Immunological abnormalities in splenic marginal zone cell lymphoma"
110:; this abnormal protein is usually found during standard laboratory
2765:
1854:
1713:
695:
103:
1057:"Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance"
613:
65:
920:"How I manage monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance"
77:
gel. A small spike would be present in the gamma (Îł) band in MGUS
1709:
2313:
1593:
864:
Sykes, David B.; Schroyens, Wilfried; O'Connell, Casey (2011).
744:
213:
2136:
2001:
1985:
1849:
1095:
522:
377:
107:
1131:
785:
199:
A monoclonal paraprotein band less than 30 g/L (< 3g/dL);
2599:
2493:
2477:
Non-mycosis fungoides CD30â cutaneous large T-cell lymphoma
2472:
2390:
2132:
2107:
2087:
2083:
1970:
1888:
1883:
863:
386:
In addition to multiple myeloma, MGUS may also progress to
306:
183:
179:
175:
1054:
654:
2339:
2334:
2224:
571:
337:(X-rays of the proximal skeleton), check the blood for
227:
No evidence of another B-cell proliferative disorder.
98:
or other types of antibody-producing cells secrete a
1571:
2547:Peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified
918:Go, Ronald S.; Rajkumar, S. Vincent (2018-01-11).
449:. United States: McGraw Hill. pp. 1723â1727.
376:A study of monoclonal protein levels conducted in
84:Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
40:Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
2369:Precursor T acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
1923:Precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
283:Immunosuppression following organ transplantation
2793:
976:
2113:Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma
1185:
820:
469:
366:11.2% developed lymphoproliferative disorders.
18:Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance
1228:
866:"TEMPI Syndrome â A Novel Multisystem Disease"
2503:Secondary cutaneous CD30+ large-cell lymphoma
1835:
1695:
970:
2193:Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
2148:immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders
1125:
696:International Myeloma Working Group (2003).
2706:Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome
414:Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance
236:Several other illnesses can present with a
2745:Jessner lymphocytic infiltrate of the skin
2291:Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma
2036:Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma
1842:
1828:
1702:
1688:
917:
523:Kahn S. N.; Riches P. G.; Kohn J. (1980).
444:
440:
438:
436:
434:
64:
1548:
1496:
1460:
1417:
1382:
1346:
1302:
1292:
1256:
1211:
1186:Agarwal, A; Ghobrial, IM (1 March 2013).
1157:
1072:
953:
935:
883:
762:
713:
672:
631:
590:
548:
499:
231:
2271:Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma
2069:Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma
1434:
2733:with bandlike and perivascular patterns
2695:Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
1019:
431:
14:
2794:
2542:Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma
1823:
1683:
913:
911:
145:
73:Schematic representation of a normal
2690:X-linked lymphoproliferative disease
1048:
2646:Large granular lymphocytic leukemia
2266:Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma
24:
1178:
991:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb06033.x
908:
154:
25:
2813:
1567:
1229:Weiss, BM; Kuehl, WM (Apr 2010).
1498:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08207.x
715:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04355.x
130:that secrete antibodies) in the
2498:CD30+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
1089:
1013:
857:
814:
388:Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
224:related to the paraprotein, and
2728:Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia
2720:Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia
2579:Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
2457:Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
2396:Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma
2276:Primary cutaneous immunocytoma
2217:Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
1485:British Journal of Haematology
779:
738:
689:
648:
607:
565:
516:
463:
271:and Lymphoplasmocytic lymphoma
269:Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
13:
1:
2776:Lymphoproliferative disorders
2686:Lymphoproliferative disorders
2636:Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma
2508:Lymphomatoid papulosis type A
2487:Lymphomatoid papulosis type B
2401:Lymphomatoid papulosis type A
2261:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
1765:Waldenström macroglobulinemia
1453:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-1575
1435:Rajkumar, SV (Sep 15, 2009).
1419:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2217
1384:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-3150
1204:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2922
979:Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
529:Journal of Clinical Pathology
492:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2922
424:
363:lymphoproliferative disorders
312:
255:Waldenström macroglobulinemia
212:No evidence of bone lesions,
2668:Acute biphenotypic leukaemia
2557:Subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma
1339:10.1182/blood-2008-06-164228
1294:10.1182/blood-2007-05-088443
1150:10.1182/blood-2008-12-194241
937:10.1182/blood-2017-09-807560
445:Kaushansky, Kenneth (2016).
356:
260:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
250:Smouldering multiple myeloma
189:
7:
2609:Aggressive NK-cell leukemia
2482:Pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma
2188:Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
1236:Expert Review of Hematology
397:
10:
2818:
633:10.1182/blood-2002-11-3385
26:
2753:
2718:
2676:
2658:
2622:
2592:
2565:
2520:
2465:
2419:
2410:
2350:
2312:
2303:
2251:
2161:
2122:
2078:
2000:
1969:
1931:
1910:
1899:
1866:
1862:
1798:
1721:
1653:
1575:
835:10.1007/s00415-004-0323-5
800:10.3109/08820139909060861
371:Olmsted County, Minnesota
275:Connective tissue disease
72:
63:
44:
39:
2761:Hematological malignancy
2614:Blastic NK cell lymphoma
2442:Granulomatous slack skin
2198:Classic Hodgkin lymphoma
2097:Classic Hodgkin lymphoma
1441:Clinical Cancer Research
1406:Clinical Cancer Research
1371:Clinical Cancer Research
1192:Clinical Cancer Research
592:10.1182/blood.V99.5.1745
480:Clinical Cancer Research
27:Not to be confused with
327:protein electrophoresis
287:GuillainâBarrĂ© syndrome
207:bone marrow examination
75:protein electrophoresis
56:may be substituted for
1801:hypergammaglobulinemia
345:, check the urine for
232:Differential diagnosis
222:chronic kidney disease
2802:Lymphocytic disorders
2640:Angiocentric lymphoma
2230:AIDS-related lymphoma
2054:Splenic marginal zone
419:Plasma cell dyscrasia
409:Monoclonal gammopathy
341:and deterioration in
320:peripheral neuropathy
238:monoclonal gammopathy
92:plasma cell dyscrasia
29:Monoclonal gammopathy
2738:with nodular pattern
2437:Pagetoid reticulosis
2049:marginal zone B-cell
1744:Plasma cell leukemia
1074:10.1056/NEJMoa054494
1034:10.1056/NEJMcp052790
885:10.1056/NEJMc1106670
541:10.1136/jcp.33.7.617
265:Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
2237:Helicobacter pylori
2064:Nodal marginal zone
1991:Hairy cell leukemia
1857:and related disease
1789:Primary amyloidosis
1777:Heavy chain disease
1711:Immunoproliferative
1541:10.1038/leu.2010.60
447:Williams Hematology
404:MGUS polyneuropathy
347:Bence Jones protein
102:, i.e. an abnormal
2781:Lymphoid leukemias
2701:Leukemoid reaction
2537:Angioimmunoblastic
2203:Burkitt's lymphoma
1654:External resources
1111:10.4065/82.12.1468
351:bone marrow biopsy
146:Signs and symptoms
2789:
2788:
2714:
2713:
2654:
2653:
2588:
2587:
2516:
2515:
2432:Mycosis fungoides
2299:
2298:
2157:
2156:
2101:Nodular sclerosis
2016:follicular B cell
1817:
1816:
1761:Macroglobulinemia
1677:
1676:
1249:10.1586/ehm.10.13
1105:(12): 1468â1473.
1067:(13): 1362â1369.
1028:(26): 2765â2770.
626:(12): 4998â5006.
205:less than 10% on
170:with an abnormal
128:white blood cells
118:. MGUS resembles
81:
80:
34:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
2809:
2551:Lennert lymphoma
2417:
2416:
2348:
2347:
2310:
2309:
2175:Primary effusion
1908:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1864:
1863:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1821:
1820:
1809:Cryoglobulinemia
1740:Multiple myeloma
1704:
1697:
1690:
1681:
1680:
1573:
1572:
1562:
1552:
1518:
1500:
1474:
1464:
1431:
1421:
1396:
1386:
1360:
1350:
1316:
1306:
1296:
1270:
1260:
1225:
1215:
1172:
1171:
1161:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1076:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1017:
1011:
1010:
974:
968:
967:
957:
939:
915:
906:
905:
887:
861:
855:
854:
818:
812:
811:
783:
777:
776:
766:
742:
736:
735:
717:
693:
687:
686:
676:
652:
646:
645:
635:
611:
605:
604:
594:
585:(5): 1745â1757.
569:
563:
562:
552:
520:
514:
513:
503:
474:(1 March 2013).
467:
461:
460:
442:
245:Multiple myeloma
120:multiple myeloma
68:
37:
36:
21:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2792:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2749:
2710:
2672:
2660:
2650:
2618:
2597:
2584:
2561:
2522:
2512:
2461:
2406:
2354:
2352:
2327:
2322:
2316:
2295:
2247:
2153:
2130:
2118:
2074:
2012:germinal center
1996:
1965:
1927:
1903:
1901:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1858:
1848:
1818:
1813:
1794:
1717:
1708:
1678:
1673:
1672:
1649:
1648:
1584:
1570:
1565:
1412:(18): 5917â22.
1377:(13): 4439â45.
1181:
1179:Further reading
1176:
1175:
1130:
1126:
1094:
1090:
1053:
1049:
1018:
1014:
975:
971:
916:
909:
862:
858:
819:
815:
788:Immunol. Invest
784:
780:
743:
739:
694:
690:
653:
649:
612:
608:
570:
566:
521:
517:
468:
464:
457:
443:
432:
427:
400:
359:
335:skeletal survey
315:
267:, particularly
234:
192:
172:immunophenotype
157:
155:Pathophysiology
148:
100:myeloma protein
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2815:
2805:
2804:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2771:Leukemia cutis
2768:
2763:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2724:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2682:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2590:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2451:SĂ©zary disease
2445:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2425:
2423:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2398:
2386:
2385:
2382:Prolymphocytic
2372:
2358:
2356:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2337:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2233:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2178:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2142:
2140:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2104:
2093:
2091:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2040:
2039:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2007:
2005:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1982:
1980:Prolymphocytic
1976:
1974:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1951:
1938:
1936:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1905:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1860:
1859:
1847:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1824:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1780:
1768:
1752:
1747:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1719:
1718:
1714:immunoglobulin
1707:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1635:
1624:
1616:
1601:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1576:Classification
1569:
1568:External links
1566:
1564:
1563:
1519:
1475:
1447:(18): 5606â8.
1432:
1397:
1361:
1317:
1287:(7): 2586â92.
1271:
1226:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1144:(22): 5412â7.
1124:
1099:Mayo Clin Proc
1088:
1047:
1012:
985:(6): 383â390.
969:
930:(2): 163â173.
907:
878:(5): 475â477.
856:
829:(2): 127â137.
813:
794:(4): 269â276.
778:
757:(3): 173â178.
751:Am. J. Hematol
737:
708:(5): 749â757.
688:
667:(6): 1655â65.
647:
606:
564:
535:(7): 617â621.
515:
462:
455:
429:
428:
426:
423:
422:
421:
416:
411:
406:
399:
396:
358:
355:
349:and perform a
343:renal function
314:
311:
310:
309:
304:
299:
294:
292:Tempi syndrome
289:
284:
281:
272:
262:
257:
252:
247:
233:
230:
229:
228:
225:
210:
200:
191:
188:
156:
153:
147:
144:
79:
78:
70:
69:
61:
60:
46:
42:
41:
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2814:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2678:Lymphocytosis
2675:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2657:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2595:
2591:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2532:Hepatosplenic
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2519:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2377:prolymphocyte
2374:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2286:Plasmacytosis
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2243:
2242:MALT lymphoma
2239:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2045:marginal zone
2042:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1898:
1895:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1712:
1705:
1700:
1698:
1693:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1535:(6): 1121â7.
1534:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1333:(8): 3122â5.
1332:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1243:(2): 165â74.
1242:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1198:(5): 985â94.
1197:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1128:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1051:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
973:
965:
961:
956:
951:
947:
943:
938:
933:
929:
925:
921:
914:
912:
903:
899:
895:
891:
886:
881:
877:
873:
872:
867:
860:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
817:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
782:
774:
770:
765:
760:
756:
752:
748:
741:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
711:
707:
703:
702:Br J Haematol
699:
692:
684:
680:
675:
670:
666:
662:
658:
651:
643:
639:
634:
629:
625:
621:
617:
610:
602:
598:
593:
588:
584:
580:
576:
568:
560:
556:
551:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
519:
511:
507:
502:
497:
493:
489:
486:(5): 985â94.
485:
481:
477:
473:
466:
458:
456:9780071833011
452:
448:
441:
439:
437:
435:
430:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
395:
393:
389:
384:
381:
379:
374:
372:
367:
364:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
339:hypercalcemia
336:
332:
328:
323:
321:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
282:
280:
276:
273:
270:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
242:
241:
239:
226:
223:
219:
218:hypercalcemia
215:
211:
208:
204:
201:
198:
197:
196:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
162:
152:
143:
141:
136:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
76:
71:
67:
62:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
30:
19:
2629:
2572:
2566:By infection
2447:
2446:
2428:
2389:
2375:
2353:development/
2281:Plasmacytoma
2235:
2223:
2209:
2180:
2168:
2162:By infection
2145:
2106:
2043:
2010:
1984:
1953:
1943:naive B cell
1941:
1902:development/
1782:
1770:
1754:
1749:
1735:Plasmacytoma
1661:
1637:
1626:
1618:
1603:
1588:
1532:
1528:
1491:(1): 28â38.
1488:
1484:
1444:
1440:
1409:
1405:
1374:
1370:
1330:
1326:
1304:10366/154361
1284:
1280:
1240:
1234:
1195:
1191:
1141:
1137:
1127:
1102:
1098:
1091:
1064:
1061:N Engl J Med
1060:
1050:
1025:
1022:N Engl J Med
1021:
1015:
982:
978:
972:
927:
923:
875:
871:N Engl J Med
869:
859:
826:
822:
816:
791:
787:
781:
754:
750:
740:
705:
701:
691:
664:
660:
650:
623:
619:
609:
582:
578:
567:
532:
528:
518:
483:
479:
472:Ghobrial, IM
470:Agarwal, A;
465:
446:
385:
382:
375:
368:
360:
331:hematologist
324:
316:
235:
203:Plasma cells
193:
164:plasma cells
158:
149:
137:
124:plasma cells
96:plasma cells
87:
83:
82:
58:undetermined
57:
53:
49:
2448:aggressive:
2421:MF+variants
1960:Mantle cell
1955:mantle zone
1784:light chain
1772:heavy chain
661:Am J Pathol
392:amyloidosis
390:or primary
302:Hepatitis C
168:bone marrow
132:bone marrow
116:urine tests
106:, into the
45:Other names
2524:peripheral
2021:Follicular
1851:Leukaemias
1639:DiseasesDB
425:References
313:Management
140:neuropathy
2659:Lymphoid+
2429:indolent:
2412:Cutaneous
2253:Cutaneous
2031:GCB DLBCL
2026:Burkitt's
1855:lymphomas
1716:disorders
1663:eMedicine
946:0006-4971
823:J. Neurol
357:Prognosis
190:Diagnosis
94:in which
54:uncertain
2796:Category
2766:leukemia
2324:leukemia
2319:lymphoma
1878:leukemia
1873:lymphoma
1668:med/1495
1623:: 9765/1
1559:20410922
1529:Leukemia
1515:19093884
1507:20507313
1471:19737944
1428:19737963
1393:19509142
1357:18669874
1313:17576818
1267:20473362
1222:23224402
1168:19179464
1119:18053453
1083:16571879
1042:17192542
1007:30788715
964:29183887
902:35990145
894:21812700
851:13218864
843:14991345
808:10454004
724:12780789
642:12623842
601:11861292
510:23224402
398:See also
277:such as
104:antibody
2754:General
2661:myeloid
2623:T or NK
2594:NK cell
1948:CLL/SLL
1633:D008998
1550:7020664
1462:2759099
1348:2569167
1258:2869099
1213:3593941
1159:2689042
999:1379409
955:5757684
773:9371530
732:3195084
683:9626070
674:1858455
559:6253529
550:1146171
501:3593941
166:in the
90:) is a
50:unknown
2598:(most
2574:HTLV-1
2466:Non-MF
2355:marker
2328:(most
2314:T cell
1986:CD11c+
1904:marker
1882:(most
1868:B cell
1799:Other
1557:
1547:
1513:
1505:
1469:
1459:
1426:
1391:
1355:
1345:
1311:
1265:
1255:
1220:
1210:
1166:
1156:
1117:
1081:
1040:
1005:
997:
962:
952:
944:
900:
892:
849:
841:
806:
771:
730:
722:
681:
671:
640:
599:
557:
547:
508:
498:
453:
214:anemia
161:clonal
2521:Other
2391:CD30+
2137:CD138
2108:CD20+
2002:CD79a
1620:ICD-O
1614:273.1
1599:D47.2
1511:S2CID
1327:Blood
1281:Blood
1138:Blood
1003:S2CID
924:Blood
898:S2CID
847:S2CID
728:S2CID
620:Blood
579:Blood
378:Ghana
297:POEMS
279:lupus
220:, or
112:blood
108:blood
2600:CD56
2494:CD30
2473:CD30
2361:TdT+
2305:T/NK
2170:KSHV
2146:see
2133:CD38
2124:PCDs
2088:CD30
2084:CD15
2059:MALT
1971:CD22
1912:TdT+
1889:CD20
1884:CD19
1750:MGUS
1723:PCDs
1644:1341
1628:MeSH
1609:9-CM
1555:PMID
1503:PMID
1467:PMID
1424:PMID
1389:PMID
1353:PMID
1309:PMID
1263:PMID
1218:PMID
1164:PMID
1115:PMID
1079:PMID
1038:PMID
995:PMID
960:PMID
942:ISSN
890:PMID
839:PMID
804:PMID
769:PMID
720:PMID
679:PMID
638:PMID
597:PMID
555:PMID
506:PMID
451:ISBN
325:The
307:AIDS
184:CD19
180:CD56
176:CD38
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