29:
2074:
141:
is basic element of a move in the consideration why the piece moves and how it supports the fulfillment of a stipulation. Any move may and often does contain multiple motifs. Some
157:
146:
620:
150:
1854:
50:
101:
73:
1406:
1869:
1829:
261:
Line closing (prevents move of pieces along closed line, unguards square on the closed line, removes checks by closing the line)
1849:
80:
1844:
1396:
1789:
1652:
1637:
1401:
87:
1927:
1392:
1387:
715:
1864:
1764:
1657:
1622:
120:
258:
Line opening (allows move of pieces along opened line, guards square on the opened line, checks by opening the line)
69:
58:
1834:
1824:
1742:
1627:
377:
372:
251:
Any of the above-listed motifs may be presented in various forms. In orthodox chess problems these forms include:
1819:
1809:
325:
1814:
1804:
1799:
462:
424:
54:
276:
1949:
1859:
1794:
1370:
1132:
683:
255:
Capture (prevents move of captured unit, allows move of king to square previously guarded by captured piece)
1208:
688:
1963:
1912:
1617:
2036:
2014:
1922:
1907:
1566:
1518:
1513:
1503:
1171:
849:
693:
142:
1968:
1902:
1752:
1647:
1642:
1491:
94:
1944:
1917:
1759:
1476:
869:
864:
821:
720:
39:
555:
2104:
2053:
1578:
1243:
43:
589:
1632:
1561:
859:
705:
610:
455:
387:
17:
1769:
1692:
1573:
1273:
1268:
955:
678:
637:
419:
1481:
1418:
1377:
1338:
1120:
1110:
1040:
854:
785:
710:
595:
394:
270:
Pinning (prevents move of pinned piece, unguards square previously guarded by pinned piece)
8:
1934:
1714:
1461:
1348:
1318:
1288:
1260:
1233:
1176:
1077:
1045:
1005:
960:
673:
615:
490:
438:
433:
360:
318:
283:
156:
A composition where a maximum number of a certain motif occurrences is shown is called a
1471:
2041:
1939:
1682:
1486:
1127:
1015:
978:
627:
495:
2024:
1897:
1709:
1667:
1593:
1545:
1528:
1508:
1360:
1298:
1238:
1213:
1060:
1025:
1020:
1000:
988:
831:
799:
765:
745:
582:
576:
537:
404:
282:
In the fairy chess, other forms of motifs are possible, e.g., allowing the move by a
134:
2019:
1892:
1734:
1677:
1583:
1533:
1382:
1328:
1323:
1313:
1228:
1149:
1139:
1115:
1082:
654:
568:
342:
1984:
1958:
1779:
1774:
1724:
1662:
1466:
1441:
1426:
1223:
1181:
1164:
1065:
983:
945:
923:
908:
839:
816:
775:
770:
649:
632:
472:
1248:
1159:
2083:
1999:
1747:
1588:
1451:
1446:
1283:
1278:
1144:
1102:
1072:
901:
844:
732:
700:
666:
659:
644:
605:
600:
527:
522:
367:
311:
267:
Unblocking (allows move of the king or any other piece to the unblocked square)
273:
Unpinning (allows move by the unpinned piece, guards square by unpinned piece)
2098:
2058:
2048:
2031:
1704:
1687:
1609:
1498:
1456:
1436:
1218:
1200:
1191:
1154:
1087:
1010:
995:
950:
933:
928:
918:
750:
512:
450:
298:
294:
264:
Blocking (prevents move of the king or any other piece to the blocked square)
286:
by providing the hurdle or allowing the capture by a piece by patrolling in
2078:
2004:
1989:
1719:
1540:
1523:
1431:
1365:
1308:
1303:
1035:
1030:
970:
913:
804:
760:
532:
517:
507:
443:
409:
382:
350:
287:
226:
Allowing the move of other unit (includes creating of a flight of the king)
223:
Preventing the move of other unit (includes taking of a flight of the king)
1353:
1343:
1092:
1055:
938:
549:
544:
502:
355:
240:
187:
Negative - those tending to hinder the accomplishment of the stipulation
1994:
1050:
886:
876:
809:
793:
485:
204:
176:
Positive - those working towards the accomplishment of the stipulation
168:
Motifs may be classified according to various viewpoints. In the usual
556:
2009:
1333:
1293:
896:
891:
780:
755:
480:
1887:
211:
and other help-problems only positive/negative level is applicable.
28:
1697:
740:
208:
200:
169:
145:
put specific emphasis on motivation in chess problems, especially
414:
881:
207:
and other problems with antagonistic aims of sides, while for
334:
399:
297:
also may contain problem motifs, they often contain usual
2073:
303:
199:
Similar classification is valid for all directmates,
2096:
319:
163:
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
326:
312:
190:Defensive - negative motifs of black moves
182:Weakening - negative motifs of white moves
179:Attacking - positive motifs of white moves
160:, even if the term task is more general.
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
193:Harmful - positive motifs of black moves
2097:
307:
214:
55:adding citations to reliable sources
22:
13:
246:
14:
2116:
232:Unguarding of some square or line
2072:
1743:List of strong chess tournaments
243:some other motifs are possible.
27:
716:Gökyay Association Chess Museum
229:Guarding of some square or line
219:The basic orthodox motifs are:
70:"Motif" chess composition
1:
1841:Computer chess championships
235:Attacking of king (checking)
7:
1618:Bishop and knight checkmate
10:
2121:
1786:Other world championships
15:
2067:
1977:
1880:
1733:
1628:Opposite-coloured bishops
1608:
1554:
1417:
1259:
1199:
1190:
1101:
969:
830:
731:
567:
471:
341:
333:
1760:World Chess Championship
721:World Chess Hall of Fame
164:Classification of motifs
2054:Simultaneous exhibition
1964:Chess newspaper columns
1653:Rook and bishop vs rook
1638:Queen and pawn vs queen
1504:Richter–Veresov Attack
1492:Queen's Indian Defence
18:Motif (disambiguation)
1770:Candidates Tournament
1658:Rook and pawn vs rook
1623:King and pawn vs king
1574:List of chess gambits
1477:King's Indian Defence
1155:Isolated Queen's Pawn
679:List of chess players
621:Top player comparison
420:Internet chess server
1482:Nimzo-Indian Defence
1378:Scandinavian Defense
1339:Semi-Italian Opening
1244:King's Indian Attack
1133:first-move advantage
786:Threefold repetition
711:Bobby Fischer Center
596:Charlemagne chessmen
590:Göttingen manuscript
554:
395:Correspondence chess
51:improve this article
16:For other uses, see
1715:Two knights endgame
1462:Bogo-Indian Defence
1349:Two Knights Defense
1289:Nimzowitsch Defence
979:Artificial castling
616:Soviet chess school
491:Dubrovnik chess set
143:composition schools
1945:endgame literature
1487:Old Indian Defense
1397:Accelerated Dragon
1269:Alekhine's Defence
1001:Checkmate patterns
870:symbols in Unicode
865:annotation symbols
628:Geography of chess
496:Staunton chess set
277:Exchange sacrifice
215:Contents of motifs
147:strategical school
2092:
2091:
1969:Chess periodicals
1898:Chess in the arts
1830:Chess composition
1668:Philidor position
1604:
1603:
1546:Trompowsky Attack
1529:Semi-Slav Defence
1419:Queen's Pawn Game
1299:Four Knights Game
1274:Caro–Kann Defence
1239:Zukertort Opening
1026:Discovered attack
746:Cheating in chess
583:Versus de scachis
135:chess composition
131:
130:
123:
105:
2112:
2079:Chess portal
2077:
2076:
2020:Leela Chess Zero
1951:Oxford Companion
1903:early literature
1893:Chess aesthetics
1633:Pawnless endgame
1584:Bongcloud Attack
1562:List of openings
1534:Chigorin Defense
1472:GrĂĽnfeld Defence
1383:Sicilian Defence
1329:Ponziani Opening
1324:Philidor Defence
1319:Petrov's Defence
1261:King's Pawn Game
1234:Larsen's Opening
1197:
1196:
558:
328:
321:
314:
305:
304:
126:
119:
115:
112:
106:
104:
63:
31:
23:
2120:
2119:
2115:
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2113:
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2110:
2109:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2071:
2063:
1973:
1959:Chess libraries
1876:
1780:FIDE Grand Prix
1775:Chess World Cup
1729:
1725:Wrong rook pawn
1663:Lucena position
1600:
1550:
1467:Catalan Opening
1442:English Defence
1427:Budapest Gambit
1413:
1371:Austrian Attack
1255:
1224:English Opening
1186:
1182:School of chess
1165:Minority attack
1097:
1066:Queen sacrifice
965:
826:
822:White and Black
817:Touch-move rule
776:Perpetual check
771:Fifty-move rule
727:
563:
560:
467:
337:
332:
249:
247:Forms of motifs
217:
172:they might be:
166:
127:
116:
110:
107:
64:
62:
48:
32:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2118:
2108:
2107:
2105:Chess problems
2090:
2089:
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2086:
2081:
2068:
2065:
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2056:
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2012:
2002:
2000:Chess composer
1997:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1942:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1877:
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1873:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1855:North American
1852:
1847:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1748:Chess Olympiad
1745:
1739:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1700:
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1690:
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1672:
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1670:
1665:
1655:
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1635:
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1620:
1614:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1594:Scholar's mate
1591:
1586:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1509:Queen's Gambit
1506:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1452:Benoni Defence
1447:Indian Defence
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1390:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1363:
1361:Owen's Defence
1358:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1291:
1286:
1284:Modern Defence
1281:
1279:French Defence
1276:
1271:
1265:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1214:Bird's Opening
1211:
1205:
1203:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1145:Pawn structure
1142:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
992:
991:
989:Alekhine's gun
981:
975:
973:
967:
966:
964:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
942:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
911:
906:
905:
904:
902:Half-open file
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
873:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
845:Chess notation
842:
836:
834:
828:
827:
825:
824:
819:
814:
813:
812:
802:
800:Pawn promotion
797:
790:
789:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
758:
753:
748:
743:
737:
735:
729:
728:
726:
725:
724:
723:
718:
713:
703:
701:Women in chess
698:
697:
696:
691:
686:
676:
671:
670:
669:
664:
663:
662:
657:
647:
642:
641:
640:
625:
624:
623:
618:
613:
611:Hypermodernism
608:
606:Romantic chess
603:
601:Lewis chessmen
598:
593:
586:
573:
571:
565:
564:
562:
561:
552:
547:
542:
541:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
500:
499:
498:
493:
488:
477:
475:
469:
468:
466:
465:
460:
459:
458:
448:
447:
446:
441:
439:world rankings
431:
430:
429:
428:
427:
417:
407:
402:
397:
392:
391:
390:
385:
380:
375:
368:Computer chess
365:
364:
363:
353:
347:
345:
339:
338:
331:
330:
323:
316:
308:
280:
279:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
248:
245:
237:
236:
233:
230:
227:
224:
216:
213:
197:
196:
195:
194:
191:
185:
184:
183:
180:
165:
162:
129:
128:
35:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2117:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2060:
2059:Solving chess
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2049:Chess prodigy
2047:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2032:Chess problem
2030:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
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1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1940:opening books
1938:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1928:short stories
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:Art and media
1879:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
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1758:
1754:
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1750:
1749:
1746:
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1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1693:triangulation
1691:
1689:
1688:Tarrasch rule
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1648:Queen vs rook
1646:
1644:
1643:Queen vs pawn
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1499:London System
1497:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1457:Modern Benoni
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1437:Dutch Defence
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1314:King's Gambit
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1229:Grob's Attack
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1219:Dunst Opening
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1209:Benko Opening
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1201:Flank opening
1198:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
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956:Transposition
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706:Chess museums
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674:Notable games
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463:World records
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434:Rating system
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151:Slovak school
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72: –
71:
67:
66:Find sources:
60:
56:
52:
46:
45:
41:
36:This article
34:
30:
25:
24:
19:
2005:Chess engine
1990:Chess boxing
1950:
1720:Wrong bishop
1567:theory table
1541:Torre Attack
1524:Slav Defence
1432:Colle System
1407:Scheveningen
1366:Pirc Defence
1309:Italian Game
1304:Giuoco Piano
1249:RĂ©ti Opening
1172:Piece values
1160:MarĂłczy Bind
1121:the exchange
1111:Compensation
1041:Interference
1031:Double check
805:Time control
792:
766:by agreement
694:grandmasters
638:South Africa
588:
581:
557:Score sheets
503:Chess pieces
410:Online chess
356:Chess titles
351:Chess theory
292:
288:Patrol chess
281:
250:
238:
218:
198:
167:
155:
138:
132:
117:
108:
98:
91:
84:
77:
65:
49:Please help
37:
1935:Chess books
1735:Tournaments
1589:Fool's mate
1354:Vienna Game
1344:Scotch Game
1177:Prophylaxis
1093:Zwischenzug
1078:Undermining
1046:Overloading
1006:Combination
855:descriptive
550:Chess table
545:Chess clock
361:Grandmaster
284:grasshopper
241:fairy chess
205:reflexmates
111:August 2010
2042:joke chess
1995:Chess club
1683:opposition
1140:Middlegame
1128:Initiative
1051:Pawn storm
1016:Deflection
887:Key square
877:Fianchetto
810:Fast chess
794:En passant
486:chessboard
81:newspapers
2025:Stockfish
2015:Deep Blue
2010:AlphaZero
1918:paintings
1710:Tablebase
1674:Strategy
1579:Irregular
1334:Ruy Lopez
1294:Open Game
1061:Sacrifice
1021:Desperado
924:connected
897:Open file
892:King walk
850:algebraic
781:Stalemate
756:Checkmate
481:Chess set
473:Equipment
209:helpmates
201:selfmates
170:twomovers
38:does not
2099:Category
2084:Category
2037:glossary
1698:Zugzwang
1678:fortress
1610:Endgames
1519:Declined
1514:Accepted
1192:Openings
1150:Hedgehog
1116:Exchange
1103:Strategy
1083:Windmill
934:isolated
919:backward
741:Castling
684:amateurs
577:Timeline
451:Variants
405:Glossary
388:software
373:glossary
301:motifs.
299:tactical
1985:Arbiter
1978:Related
1835:Solving
1825:Amateur
1402:Najdorf
984:Battery
971:Tactics
946:Swindle
929:doubled
909:Outpost
840:Blunder
655:Armenia
569:History
415:Premove
383:engines
378:matches
343:Outline
295:studies
95:scholar
59:removed
44:sources
1923:poetry
1913:novels
1888:CaĂŻssa
1820:Senior
1810:Junior
1393:Dragon
1388:Alapin
1073:Skewer
939:passed
882:Gambit
689:female
650:Europe
633:Africa
528:Knight
523:Bishop
293:While
97:
90:
83:
76:
68:
1870:WCSCC
1815:Youth
1805:Blitz
1800:Rapid
1790:Women
1753:Women
1705:Study
1555:Other
1088:X-ray
1011:Decoy
996:Block
951:Tempo
914:Pawns
832:Terms
751:Check
733:Rules
667:India
660:Spain
645:China
538:Fairy
513:Queen
444:norms
335:Chess
139:motif
102:JSTOR
88:books
1908:film
1865:WCCC
1860:TCEC
1850:CSVN
1795:Team
1765:List
1036:Fork
961:Trap
761:Draw
533:Pawn
518:Rook
508:King
456:List
425:list
400:FIDE
158:task
149:and
137:, a
74:news
42:any
40:cite
1845:CCC
1056:Pin
860:PGN
239:In
133:In
53:by
2101::
290:.
203:,
153:.
1395:/
327:e
320:t
313:v
124:)
118:(
113:)
109:(
99:·
92:·
85:·
78:·
61:.
47:.
20:.
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