Mound Builders - Knowledge

7991: 1083: 376: 1131: 190: 1145: 228:. This community was the center of the Mississippian culture. This mound appears to have been the main ceremonial and residential mound for the religious and political leaders; it is more than 100 feet (30 m) tall and is the largest pre-Columbian earthwork north of Mexico. This site had numerous mounds, some with conical or ridge tops, as well as palisaded stockades protecting the large settlement and elite quarter. At its maximum about 1150 CE, Cahokia was an urban settlement with 20,000–30,000 people. This population was not exceeded by North American European settlements until after 1800. 150:, is the oldest known and dated mound complex in North America. It is one of 11 mound complexes from this period found in the Lower Mississippi Valley. These cultures generally had developed hierarchical societies that had an elite. These commanded hundreds or even thousands of workers to dig up tons of earth with the hand tools available, move the soil long distances, and finally, workers to create the shape with layers of soil as directed by the builders. However early mounds found in Louisiana preceded such cultures and were products of hunter-gatherer cultures. 1101: 311: 1117: 1159: 1069: 4864: 706: 1055: 5875: 443: 4448: 796:, as well as new ceremonial objects and possibly new social patterns during the Plaquemine period. As more Mississippian cultural influences were absorbed, the Plaquemine area as a distinct culture began to shrink after CE 1350. Eventually, the last enclave of purely Plaquemine culture was the Natchez Bluffs area, while the Yazoo Basin and adjacent areas of Louisiana became a hybrid Plaquemine-Mississippi culture. This division was recorded by Europeans when they first arrived in the area. In the Natchez Bluffs area, the 601: 232: 1468:

species of extinct giants, whose bones fill the mounds of America, have gazed on Niagara, as ours do now. Cotemporary with the whole race of men, and older than the first man, Niagara is strong, and fresh to-day as ten thousand years ago. The Mammoth and Mastodon – now so long dead, that fragments of their monstrous bones, alone testify, that they ever lived, have gazed on Niagara. In that long – long time, never still for a single moment. Never dried, never froze, never slept, never rested.

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discovered mounds that had been constructed before the waters rose. Upon seeing this, Noah questioned where these agricultural phenomena came from. "Surveying the various themes of mound builder origins, he could not decide whether the mounds were the work of Polynesians, Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Israelites, Scandinavians, Welsh, Scotts, or Chinese, although he felt certain the Indians had not built them." Priest's racism has also been discussed in detail by author

455: 268: 4589: 1513:, and narrated their subsequent migration across the North American continent. This "Walam Olum" tells of battles with native peoples already in America before the Lenape arrived. People hearing of the account believed that the "original people" were the Mound Builders and that the Lenape overthrew them and destroyed their culture. David Oestreicher later asserted that Rafinesque's account was a hoax. He argued that the Walam Olum glyphs were derived from 743: 1361: 40: 531: 973:(1820), Atwater claimed that "Indian remains" were always found right beneath the surface of the earth, while artifacts associated with the Mound Builders were found fairly deep in the ground. Atwater argued that they must be from a different group of people. The discovery of metal artifacts further convinced people that the Mound Builders were not identical to the Southeast Woodland Native Americans of the 18th century. 856:) describing how the Indians had built mounds and how the Native American mound cultures practiced their traditional way of life. De la Vega's accounts also include vital details about the Native American tribes' systems of government present in the southeast, tribal territories, and the construction of mounds and temples. A few French expeditions in the 1560s reported staying with Indian societies who had built mounds. 1401: 367:, known as the Great Sun, who wielded absolute power. Both observers noted the high temple mounds that the Natchez had built so that the Great Sun could commune with God, the sun. His large residence was built atop the highest mound, from "which, every morning, he greeted the rising sun, invoking thanks and blowing tobacco smoke to the four cardinal directions". 326:, who had accompanied French settlers to northeastern Florida during the 1560s, likewise noted Native American groups using existing mounds and constructing others. He produced a series of watercolor paintings depicting scenes of native life. Although most of his paintings have been lost, some engravings were copied from the originals and published in 1591 by a 2605:

or by man inspired by Him to make an everlasting object lesson of man's disobedience, Satan's perfidy and the results of sin and death. In support of this startling claim the Rev. Mr. West quotes Scripture and refers to Job 16:13: "By His spirit. He hath garnished the heavens; His hand hath formed the crooked serpent."

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The Garden of Eden, it seems, is now definitely located. The site is in Ohio, "Adams" county, to be more precise...The Rev. Landon West of Pleasant Hill, O., a prominent and widely known minister of the Baptist church... arrives at the conclusion that this great work was created either by God himself

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depicts these settlers building magnificent cities, which were destroyed by warfare about CE 385. The Book of Mormon can be placed in the tradition of the "Mound-Builder literature" of the period and has been called "the most famous and certainly the most influential of all Mound-Builder literature".

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Later explorers to the same regions, only a few decades after mound-building settlements had been reported, found the regions largely depopulated with its residents vanished and the mounds untended. Conflicts with Europeans were dismissed by historians as the major cause of population reduction since

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in 1858 created fraudulent surveys of mound groups that did not exist. Beginning in the 1880s, the supposed origin of the earthworks with a race of giants was increasingly recognized as spurious. Pidgeon's fraudulent claims about the archaeological record were shown to be a hoax by Theodore Lewis in

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valley is considered a "sister culture" of the Mississippian horizon, or one of the "Mississippianised" cultures adjacent to the main area of the mound building cultures. This culture was also mostly extinct in the 17th century, but remnants may have survived into the first half of the 18th century.

2273:(1830)). Whether one wishes to accept it as divinely inspired or the work of Joseph Smith, it fits exactly into the tradition. Despite its pseudo-Biblical style and its general inchoateness, it is certainly the most imaginative and best sustained of the stories about the Mound-Builders" (at p. 187). 1424:

Rather than being found beneath only a foot or two of soil, the Decalogue Stone was claimed to have been buried beneath a forty-foot-tall stone mound. Instead of modern Hebrew typography, the characters on the stone were blocky and appeared to be an ancient form of the Hebrew alphabet. Finally, the

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After his first expedition, Wyrick uncovered a small stone box that was found to contain an intricately carved slab of black limestone covered with archaic-looking Hebrew letters along with a representation of a man in flowing robes. When translated, once again by McCarty, the inscription was found

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The reasoning Priest gives for his conclusion that there was an even earlier settler than the Native Americans relies upon his interpretation of the Biblical flood story. According to Priest, after the great flood disappeared, Noah and his ark landed in America. While surveying the land, Noah also

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Native Americans were merely bloodthirsty savages, bent on the destruction of all but their own race. It was inconceivable to Priest and like-minded men that a race so lazy and inept could conceive and build such huge, elaborate structures." Priest speculated that the original dwellers could be the

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phylum. The late survival of the Fort Ancient culture is suggested by the remarkable amount of European-made goods in the archaeological record. Such artifacts would have been acquired by trade even before direct European contact. These artifacts include brass and steel items, glassware, and melted

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With the 1990s dating of Watson Brake and similar complexes, scholars established that pre-agricultural, pre-ceramic American societies could organize to accomplish complex construction during extended periods, invalidating scholars' traditional ideas of Archaic society. Watson Brake was built by a

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near Monroe in northern Louisiana. Securely dated to about 5,400 years ago (around 3500 BCE), in the Middle Archaic period, it consists of a formation of 11 mounds from 3 feet (0.91 m) to 25 feet (7.6 m) tall, connected by ridges to form an oval nearly 900 feet (270 m) across. In the

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But still there is more. It calls up the indefinite past. When Columbus first sought this continent – when Christ suffered on the cross – when Moses led Israel through the Red-Sea – nay, even, when Adam first came from the hand of his Maker – then as now, Niagara was roaring here. The eyes of that

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in 1876 wrote about a theory that the mounds were built by people from the lost continent of Atlantis. The Reverend Landon West in 1901 claimed that the Serpent Mound in Ohio was built by God, or by man inspired by him. He believed that God built the mound and placed it as a symbol of the story of

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Some nineteenth-century archaeological finds (e.g., earth and timber fortifications and towns, the use of a plaster-like cement, ancient roads, metal points and implements, copper breastplates, head-plates, textiles, pearls, native North American inscriptions, North American elephant remains etc.)

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Because of the disappearance of the cultures by the end of the 17th century, the identification of the bearers of these cultures was an open question in 19th-century ethnography. Modern stratigraphic dating has established that the "Mound builders" have spanned an extended period of more than five

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Poverty Point, built about 1500 BCE in what is now Louisiana, is a prominent example of Late Archaic mound-builder construction (around 2500 BCE – 1000 BCE). It is a striking complex of more than 1 square mile (2.6 km), where six earthwork crescent ridges were built in concentric arrangement,

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had held out against Mississippian influence and continued to use the same sites as their ancestors. The Plaquemine culture is considered directly ancestral to these historic period groups encountered by Europeans. Groups who appear to have absorbed more Mississippian influence were identified as

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that had inhabited America even before the Native Americans. This idea is now referred to as the "mound builder myth" and still has supporters in society today. The book grew in popularity because of Priest's views on Native Americans. "It tapped into the widely accepted view of those times that

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The cultural stage of the Southeastern Woodland natives encountered in the 18th and 19th centuries by British colonists was deemed incompatible with the comparatively advanced stone, metal, and clay artifacts of the archaeological record. The age of the earthworks was also partly over-estimated.

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Radiocarbon dating has established the age of the earliest Archaic mound complex in southeastern Louisiana. One of the two Monte Sano Site mounds, excavated in 1967 before being destroyed for new construction at Baton Rouge, was dated at 6220 BP (plus or minus 140 years). Researchers at the time

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sites in Mississippi. Sites inhabited by Plaquemine peoples continued to be used as vacant ceremonial centers without large village areas much as their Coles Creek ancestors had done, although their layout began to show influences from Middle Mississippian peoples to the north. The

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in 1560, the mound-building cultures seem to have disappeared within the next century. However, there were also other European accounts, earlier than 1560, that give a first-hand description of the enormous earth-built mounds being constructed by Native Americans. One of them was

788:(Lake George) sites in western Mississippi are good examples that exemplify this change of layout, but a continuation of site usage. During the Terminal Coles Creek period (1150 to 1250 CE), contact increased with Mississippian cultures centered upriver near the future 505:

and is one of the best-known early examples of earthwork monumental architecture. Unlike the localized societies during the Middle Archaic, this culture showed evidence of a wide trading network outside its area, which is one of its distinguishing characteristics.

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developed and spread through the Eastern United States, primarily along the river valleys. The largest regional center where the Mississippian culture was first definitely developed is located in Illinois along a tributary of the Mississippi and is referred to as

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to Ohio; it is renowned for its geometric earthworks. The Adena and Hopewell were not the only mound-building peoples during this period. Contemporaneous mound-building cultures existed throughout what is now the Eastern United States, stretching as far south as

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The Eden I found in a 1909 pamphlet by Reverend Landon West—the Serpent Mound earthwork that is now an Ohio state park—was still preserved for all to see, so I went...Details that fell outside of West's lifetime were hard to fit into the book: his son

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in the Southern United States that marks a significant change in the cultural history of the area. Population and cultural and political complexity increased, especially by the end of the Coles Creek period. Although many of the classic traits of

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hunter-gatherer society, the people of which occupied this area only on a seasonal basis. Successive generations organized to build the complex mounds over 500 years. Their food consisted mostly of fish and deer, as well as available plants.

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Institution, which had commissioned the survey. Since many of the features that the authors documented have been destroyed or diminished by farming and development, their surveys, sketches, and descriptions are still used by modern

1238:). While the Nephites, Lamanites, and Mulekites were all of Jewish origin coming from Israel around 590 BCE, the Jaradites were a non-Abrahamic people separate in all aspects, except in a belief in Jehovah, from the Nephites. 1290:

were well-publicized at the time of the publication of the Book of Mormon and there is the incorporation of some of these ideas into the narrative. References are made in the Book of Mormon to a then-current understanding of

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had a guest who stated that: "They didn't build 'em. Someone before them built 'em". Carlson replied: "That's right" and said there was "skeletal evidence of people who bear no genetic resemblance to the current Indians".

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few clashes had occurred between the natives and the Europeans in the area during the same period. The most widely accepted explanation today is that new infectious diseases brought from the Old World, such as

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showing the multiple layers of mound construction, mound structures such as temples or mortuaries, ramps with log stairs, and prior structures under later layers, multiple terraces, and intrusive burials

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letters engraved on each of its faces. The local Episcopal minister John W. McCarty translated the four inscriptions as "Law of the Lord," “Word of the Lord," “Holy of Holies," and "King of the Earth."

4828: 2950:. pp. 3–730. Twelfth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1890–91, by J. W. Powell, Director. XLVIII+742 pp., 42 pls., 344 figs. 1894. 1459:, which uncovered acres of skulls and bones, some of which were said to be gigantic. Two thigh bones were measured with the height of their owners estimated at 14 feet (4.3 m). President 516:, was excavated by Michael Russo in 1980. He found an Archaic Indian village site. Mound A was a burial mound that dated to 3400 BCE, making it the oldest known burial mound in North America. 1340:", a group associated with the Moorish Science Temple of America established in the 1990s, has been associated with mound-building in Black nationalist online articles of the early 2000s. 7877: 6189: 5669: 470:

thought that such hunter-gatherer societies were not organizationally capable of this type of construction. It has since been dated as about 6500 BP or 4500 BCE, although not all agree.

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Sometimes the deceased king of this province is buried with great solemnity, and his great cup from which he was accustomed to drink is placed on a tumulus with many arrows set about it.

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in southern Ohio, ranges from 1 foot (0.30 m) to just over 3 feet (0.91 m) tall, 20 feet (6.1 m) wide, more than 1,330 feet (410 m) long, and shaped as an undulating

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site in Glade County, Florida. Excavations and dating in 2012 by Thompson and Pluckhahn show that work began around 2600 BCE, seven centuries before the mound-builders in Ohio.

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and massacred the French colony of Fort Rosalie. The French retaliated by destroying all the Natchez villages. The remaining Natchez fled in scattered bands to live among the

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of northwestern Louisiana, eastern Texas, and southwestern Arkansas. Like the mound builders of the Ohio, these peoples built gigantic mounds as burial and ceremonial places.

209:, flat-topped or rounded cones, elongated ridges, and sometimes a variety of other forms. They were generally built as part of complex villages. The early earthworks built in 6029: 5657: 6484: 6177: 4538: 4417: 1489:, who excavated a mound and from the artifacts and burial practices, noted similarities between mound-builder funeral practices and those of Native Americans in his time. 2987:

Upper Mississippi: or, Historical Sketches of the Mound-builders, the Indian tribes and the Progress of Civilization in the North-west, from A.D. 1600 to the Present Time

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While this culture shows strong Mississippian influences, its bearers were most likely ethnolinguistically distinct from the Mississippians, possibly belonging to the

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Based on the idea that the origins of the mound builders lay with a mysterious ancient people, various other suggestions were belonging to the more general genre of

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In 19th-century America, many popular mythologies surrounding the origin of the mounds were in circulation, typically involving the mounds being built by a race of

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interrupted by radial aisles. Three mounds are also part of the main complex, and evidence of residences extends for about 3 miles (4.8 km) along the bank of

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company. Among these is a depiction of the burial of an aboriginal Floridian tribal chief, an occasion of great mourning and ceremony. The original caption reads:

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around 3500 BCE are the only ones known to have been built by a hunter-gatherer culture, rather than a more settled culture based on agricultural surpluses.

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These tribes made up the Kingdom of Israel in Biblical times. When Assyria left their kingdom in ruins, the tribes disappeared and were never seen again.

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The namesake cultural trait of the Mound Builders was the building of mounds and other earthworks. These burial and ceremonial structures were typically

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earthworks that indigenous peoples erected for an extended period of more than 5,000 years. The "Mound Builder" cultures span the period of roughly 3500

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Fort Ancient is the name for a Native American culture that flourished from 1000 to 1650 CE among a people who predominantly inhabited land along the

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on the 1880s Smithsonian explorations to determine who built the ancient earthen mounds in eastern North America can be viewed as part of series

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1886. A major factor contributing to public acceptance of the earthworks as a regular part of North American prehistory was the 1894 report by

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from the late 1st millennium CE most likely involved cultural assimilation, in archaeological terminology called "Mississippianised" cultures.

1286:. Later authors placing the Book of Mormon in this context include Silverberg (1969), Brodie (1971), Kennedy (1994), and Garlinghouse (2001). 8109: 7063: 5100: 4625: 3629: 1082: 9937: 9446: 8084: 5839: 5643: 5482: 5450: 4528: 4267: 1182: 165:, were still active at the time of European contact in the 16th century. One tribe of the Fort Ancient culture has been identified as the 7970: 7965: 7106: 6163: 5309: 4287: 4105: 1851: 685:. It had several regional variants including the Middle Mississippian culture of Cahokia, the South Appalachian Mississippian variant at 394: 385: 2227: 630:

societies had not yet developed, by 1000 CE, the formation of simple elite polities had begun. Coles Creek sites are found in Arkansas,

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of the historical period who were encountered by Europeans. A reference to this idea appears in the poem "The Prairies" (1832) by

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alphabets. Meanwhile, the belief that the Native Americans destroyed the mound-builder culture had gained widespread acceptance.

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The first mound building was an early marker of political and social complexity among the cultures in the Eastern United States.

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published his translation of a text he claimed had been written in pictographs on wooden tablets. This text explained that the

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artifact. In 1870, Whittlesey declared finally that the Holy Stones and other similar artifacts were "Archaeological Frauds."

592:. Reasons for degeneration include attacks from other tribes or the impact of severe climatic changes undermining agriculture. 17: 6378: 6300: 5604: 4981: 4880: 4432: 3709: 2934: 2766: 2733: 2590: 2454: 2421: 2384: 2133: 2085: 2014: 1920: 1812: 1380:, which is an extraordinary set of ancient geometric enclosures created by Indigenous people. There he dug up a four-sided, 10138: 8216: 6577: 5380: 4342: 3072: 2802: 2782: 1144: 951:

19th-century ethnography assumed that the Mound-builders were an ancient prehistoric race with no direct connection to the

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Gordon M. Sayre, "The Mound Builders and the Imagination of American Antiquity in Jefferson, Bartram, and Chateaubriand",

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Haunted Spaces, Sacred Places: A Field Guide to Stone Circles, Crop Circles, Ancient Tombs and Supernatural Landscape

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in western Florida. During this time, in parts of present-day Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana, the Hopewellian

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Harpster, Jack; Stalter, Jeff. "Captive! The Story of David Ogden and the Iroquois." ABC-CLIO, LLC., 2010, p. xi.

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in the central precinct, encircled by a palisade, surrounded by four plazas, notably the Grand Plaza to the south

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expedition that landed in present-day Florida on May 31, 1538. Garcilaso gave a first-hand description in his

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and plazas and surmised that many of the mounds served as foundations for priestly temples. Near present-day

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were constructed in the shapes or outlines of culturally significant animals. The most famous effigy mound,

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language isolate. The first written description of these cultures were made by members of Spanish explorer

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Robert Silverberg, "...And the Mound-Builders Vanished from the Earth", originally in the 1969 edition of

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policies after 1830 forced the Native Americans out of the Southeast and west of the Mississippi River to

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in which a giant human skeleton measuring over 9 feet (2.7 m) in length was found. In 1886, another

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of Egypt were constructed. Watson Brake was being constructed nearly 2,000 years before the better-known

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19th Century Explorers and Anthropologists: Developing the Earliest Smithsonian Anthropology Collections

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See mound builder homes of "clay-plastered poles": Stuart, George E., Who Were the "Mound Builders"?,

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phylum. The only tribal name associated with the Fort Ancient culture in the historical record is the

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charity, and his accomplishments no doubt helped preserve the memory of his father's Garden of Eden.

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The oldest mound associated with the Woodland period was the mortuary mound and pond complex at the

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Silverberg, Robert. "The Mound Builders." Ohio UP, 1986, pp. 65-66, cited in De Villo Sloan, 2002.

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period). Carbon dating seems to indicate that they were wiped out by successive waves of disease.

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The Fort Ancient peoples are known to have been severely affected by disease in the 17th century (

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Americas, the building of complex earthwork mounds started at an early date, well before the

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The Emergence of the Moundbuilders: The Archaeology of Tribal Societies in Southeastern Ohio

2783:"Wisconsin Mound Opened: Skeleton Found of a Man Over Nine Feet High with an Enormous Skull" 10047: 9998: 9993: 9976: 9971: 9949: 9739: 9453: 9306: 9198: 9102: 8895: 8580: 8379: 8322: 7790: 6985: 6820: 6350: 6295: 5854: 5166: 5021: 4872: 4818: 4808: 4733: 4422: 4292: 3534: 3386: 3258: 3059: 1518: 1369: 1348: 1307: 1150: 1004: 881: 717: 690: 327: 162: 8550: 3014:

LenaweeHistory.com | Mound Builders section, The Western Historical Society 1909, reprint.

2122: 1778: 8: 10037: 9702: 9507: 9340: 8873: 8746: 8627: 8602: 8170: 8051: 7795: 7756: 7703: 7454: 7404: 7389: 7325: 7310: 7263: 7025: 6745: 6645: 6532: 5849: 5789: 5769: 5673: 5599: 5553: 5148: 5133: 4768: 4738: 4718: 4437: 4247: 4025: 3321: 3248: 3223: 3188: 3168: 3001: 2243: 2030: 1106: 920: 814: 810: 789: 616: 605: 403: 307:. She told him that the mounds within her territory served as burial places for nobles. 9988: 9891: 9793: 9606: 8788: 8518: 8484: 7842: 7484: 7399: 7300: 7253: 7156: 7136: 7043: 6960: 6895: 6830: 6238: 6129: 5864: 5829: 5754: 5734: 5677: 5492: 5354: 5049: 5006: 4938: 4803: 4748: 4641: 4257: 4232: 4110: 3654: 3649: 3509: 3356: 3292: 3273: 3208: 3203: 3135: 2892: 2884: 2807: 2787: 1908: 1898: 1544: 1514: 1443: 1418: 1164: 1060: 977: 874: 776: 758: 585: 158: 4863: 3228: 1684: 10030: 10020: 10010: 9959: 9616: 9534: 8828: 8813: 8798: 8778: 8669: 8648: 8459: 8302: 8150: 8119: 8114: 7693: 7683: 7589: 7444: 7330: 7295: 7243: 7211: 7176: 7171: 7111: 7093: 7058: 7000: 6950: 6910: 6825: 6620: 6582: 6527: 6310: 6273: 6144: 5774: 5749: 5719: 5624: 5456: 5222: 5196: 4996: 4900: 4843: 4788: 4693: 4574: 4533: 4407: 4362: 4327: 4136: 3937: 3644: 3401: 3381: 3163: 3037: 2930: 2896: 2762: 2729: 2355: 2330: 2129: 2081: 2010: 1916: 1808: 1377: 1325: 1303: 1291: 1275: 1088: 764: 534: 256: 136: 5874: 10025: 9932: 9675: 9458: 9258: 9178: 9134: 8934: 8756: 8607: 8567: 7725: 7720: 7708: 7652: 7642: 7469: 7273: 7191: 7126: 6835: 6682: 6655: 6625: 6428: 6418: 5334: 5062: 4773: 4703: 4698: 4447: 4337: 4080: 3917: 3869: 3819: 3759: 3674: 3599: 3589: 3564: 3519: 3366: 3316: 3297: 3287: 3238: 3233: 2876: 2128:. Central Connecticut State Univ: McGraw Hill. pp. 151–155, 159–160, 164–166. 1486: 1410: 1261:

in Ohio and New York, Priest concluded that these mounds could be traced back to a

1032: 989: 832: 785: 781: 747: 693:, the Plaquemine Mississippian variant in south Louisiana and Mississippi, and the 572: 509: 356: 344: 323: 315: 300: 284: 178: 174: 120: 104: 9517: 9473: 10113: 9906: 9876: 9638: 9566: 9544: 9502: 9397: 9367: 9232: 9227: 8878: 8761: 8332: 7832: 7773: 7730: 7713: 7698: 7459: 7429: 7161: 6925: 6890: 6880: 6840: 6562: 6509: 6469: 6393: 6355: 6228: 5779: 5714: 5538: 5533: 5497: 5403: 5365: 5324: 5242: 5176: 4976: 4915: 4652: 4548: 4377: 4201: 3973: 3927: 3679: 3624: 3614: 3474: 3253: 3183: 3178: 3158: 3125: 3008: 2822: 2231: 2197: 1568: 1560: 1460: 1385: 1337: 1197:, summarised by Feder (2006) under the heading of "The Myth of a Vanished Race". 1092: 806: 589: 525: 454: 364: 267: 108: 2756: 1376:, discovered the so-called "Keystone" in a shallow excavation at the monumental 944:

millennia so that any ethnolinguistic continuity is unlikely. The spread of the

600: 310: 10015: 9942: 9729: 9660: 9549: 9421: 9129: 8714: 8704: 8525: 8506: 8056: 7888: 7805: 7800: 7768: 7735: 7517: 7384: 7231: 6955: 6805: 6780: 6770: 6285: 6134: 6124: 5844: 5799: 5744: 5344: 5237: 5227: 5128: 5082: 5001: 4991: 4961: 4317: 4272: 4040: 4030: 3669: 3499: 3454: 3351: 3263: 3218: 2953: 2726:

Hero, Hawk, and Open Hand: American Indian Art of the Ancient Midwest and South

2641: 2398: 1572: 1501:

hoax had considerable influence on perceptions of the Mound Builders. In 1836,

1344: 1318: 1313: 1283: 1215: 1028: 1024: 1008: 981: 801: 742: 477: 352: 296: 206: 194: 4603: 3932: 3064: 3055: 2701:"RANDALL CARLSON on TUCKER CARLSON TODAY - S02E123 - ENVIRONMENTAL EARTHWORKS" 2700: 231: 10072: 9901: 9886: 9832: 9810: 9707: 9695: 9611: 9480: 9362: 9323: 9311: 9299: 9011: 8922: 8851: 8592: 8535: 8513: 8422: 8354: 8349: 8327: 8155: 8025: 7815: 7635: 7564: 7522: 7479: 7439: 7414: 7268: 7201: 7196: 7166: 7015: 6990: 6900: 6850: 6765: 6702: 6635: 6388: 6335: 6243: 5989: 5859: 5764: 5594: 5466: 5110: 5095: 4925: 4798: 4367: 4357: 4312: 4282: 4185: 3912: 3907: 3799: 3749: 3744: 3729: 3719: 3714: 3464: 3341: 3153: 3130: 2959: 2110: 1510: 1246: 1074: 980:, a late variant of the Mississippian culture, were ancestral to the related 966: 731: 646:. The Coles Creek culture is considered ancestral to the Plaquemine culture. 568: 560: 542: 486: 459: 252: 236: 116: 80: 65: 8442: 2758:

Frauds, myths, and mysteries : science and pseudoscience in archaeology

2170:

Hidden Cities: The Discovery and Loss of Ancient North American Civilization

9820: 9776: 9757: 9712: 9512: 9436: 9193: 9188: 9144: 8771: 8653: 8617: 8597: 8449: 8427: 8339: 8175: 8160: 8079: 7926: 7862: 7662: 7625: 7494: 7394: 7345: 7248: 7206: 6980: 6945: 6810: 6785: 6712: 6697: 6687: 6675: 6587: 6572: 6489: 6444: 6188: 6058: 5824: 5668: 5609: 5558: 5502: 5329: 5319: 5171: 5105: 5057: 4763: 4708: 4688: 4322: 4115: 4070: 4020: 4010: 3990: 3958: 3859: 3814: 3794: 3579: 3559: 3524: 3439: 3424: 3243: 3115: 2943: 2656: 2564: 1478: 1373: 916: 654: 473: 447: 399: 304: 288: 248: 143: 96: 9869: 767:

Valley in western Mississippi and eastern Louisiana. Examples include the

9859: 9849: 9805: 9800: 9752: 9690: 9653: 9626: 9527: 9497: 9372: 9294: 9215: 9203: 8964: 8949: 8939: 8910: 8868: 8783: 8751: 8699: 8632: 8469: 8344: 8201: 8134: 8094: 8061: 7763: 7615: 7559: 7507: 7221: 7078: 6865: 6775: 6719: 6670: 6449: 6340: 6315: 6268: 6253: 6093: 5819: 5759: 5472: 5461: 5314: 5186: 4523: 4487: 4427: 4397: 4392: 4227: 3968: 3849: 3829: 3694: 3554: 3544: 3429: 3173: 2352:

The Mound Builder Myth: Fake History and the Hunt for a "Lost White Race"

1522: 1295: 1254: 1219: 1040: 932: 768: 663: 639: 549: 498: 407: 360: 217: 128: 72: 43: 4147: 621:

The Coles Creek culture is a Late Woodland culture (700–1200 CE) in the

173:. The bearers of the Plaquemine culture were presumably speakers of the 10003: 9896: 9854: 9670: 9633: 9596: 9492: 9079: 8991: 8818: 8719: 8692: 8612: 8410: 8364: 8275: 8243: 7921: 7512: 7464: 7434: 7374: 7181: 6940: 6750: 6692: 6650: 6640: 6494: 6373: 6078: 5398: 5206: 4793: 4636: 4462: 4302: 4180: 4005: 3902: 3774: 3689: 3514: 2834: 1498: 1394: 1360: 1257:

journals, supplemented by information from his travels. After visiting

885: 723: 412: 132: 92: 3604: 2963:

Frauds, Myths, and Mysteries: Science and Pseudoscience in Archaeology

2888: 2864: 2124:

Frauds, Myths, And Mysteries: Science and Pseudoscience in Archaeology

39: 9911: 9680: 9665: 9263: 9248: 9173: 9156: 9074: 8959: 8900: 8890: 8885: 8808: 8687: 8575: 8501: 8268: 8258: 8015: 7584: 7574: 7554: 7449: 7258: 7146: 7038: 6815: 6499: 6413: 6024: 5709: 5487: 5477: 5445: 5435: 5288: 4895: 3779: 3609: 3032: 3023: 1667: 1641:(Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, vol. 1. Washington DC, 1848) 1539: 1448: 1381: 1262: 1012: 897: 870: 844:" because of his Incan mother. He was the record-keeper of the noted 772: 631: 210: 166: 153:

From about 800 CE, the mound-building cultures were dominated by the

1717:, edited by Mark A. Rees, Ian W. (FRW) Brown, LSU Press, 2010, p. 67 1226:(ca. 3000 - 2000 BCE) and an Israelite group during 590 BCE (termed 530: 9685: 9621: 9468: 9426: 9161: 9069: 8944: 8766: 8729: 8709: 7810: 7778: 6995: 6920: 6263: 6258: 6068: 5548: 5283: 3978: 3942: 3892: 3754: 3539: 2970: 2880: 2263:

Curtis Dahl, "Mound-Builders, Mormons, and William Cullen Bryant",

1235: 1231: 1223: 1190: 1036: 1020: 1016: 866: 727: 635: 627: 576: 482: 416: 2435:

Garlinghouse, Thomas, "Revisiting the Mound Builder Controversy",

1400: 157:, a large archaeological horizon, whose youngest descendants, the 9747: 9539: 9485: 9431: 9253: 9059: 8969: 8823: 8724: 8682: 8545: 8464: 8417: 8405: 7785: 7599: 7579: 7033: 6930: 6248: 3985: 3469: 3346: 3268: 2705: 2327:

Fantastic Archaeology: The Wild Side of North American Prehistory

1554: 1426: 1227: 682: 659: 221: 202: 127:. Geographically, the cultures were present in the region of the 54: 2236: 9815: 9352: 9330: 9183: 9119: 9064: 8454: 8432: 8400: 8374: 8180: 7366: 7236: 6885: 6790: 6139: 5665: 5619: 5268: 5263: 3331: 1799:

Kidder, Tristram (1998). R. Barry Lewis; Charles Stout (eds.).

1506: 1463:

referred to the giants whose bones fill the mounds of America.

985: 893: 797: 348: 295:. De Soto observed people living in fortified towns with lofty 276: 6185: 904:

in 1684 as inhabiting eight villages north of the Ohio River.

9881: 9601: 9335: 9289: 9151: 9006: 8954: 8530: 8496: 7569: 7315: 6845: 6707: 5293: 4075: 2721: 2549:

See freshwater pearl necklaces, and pearls sewn on clothing:

1578: 1438: 1414: 1299: 643: 88: 2312:

Mound Builders of Ancient America: The Archaeology of a Myth

1998: 1668:

The Case for Archaic Period Mounds in Southeastern Louisiana

1214:

Notable for the association with the Ten Lost Tribes is the

9827: 9788: 9268: 9124: 9054: 8974: 8846: 8359: 5273: 4035: 2948:

Report on the mound explorations of the Bureau of Ethnology

2553:, Lost Civilizations series, Dale M. Brown (editor), pg. 26 2527:, Lost Civilizations series, Dale M. Brown (editor), pg. 26 2510:, Lost Civilizations series, Dale M. Brown (editor), pg. 26 2376:

Mound Builders of Ancient America: The Archeology of a Myth

1575:

that the Mound Builders were among those peoples described.

1509:

Indians originated in Asia, told of their passage over the

564: 2002:

Archaeology of prehistoric native America: an encyclopedia

1904:

Archaeology of the Mississippian culture: a research guide

9139: 8905: 8863: 1725: 1723: 1674:, Vol. 13, No. 2, Winter 1994. Retrieved November 4, 2011 1937:

Red, White and Black: The Peoples of Early North America

995:

The Natchez are known to have historically occupied the

555:

The Archaic period was followed by the Woodland period (

2588: 1612:

Contemporary Archaeology in Theory: The New Pragmatism,

763:

A continuation of the Coles Creek culture in the lower

3052:(a mound complex in Louisiana at 5400u–5000 years ago) 2616: 1720: 1336:") association of the Mound Builders. Similarly, the " 976:

It is now thought that the most likely bearers of the

415:. All of the sites that they identified as located in 915:) recorded in the same area in the 18th century. The 501:. It is the major site among 100 associated with the 2921:

Abrams, Elliot M.; Freter, AnnCorinne, eds. (2005).

2851:

Traditions of Dee-Coo-Dah and Antiquarian Researches

1035:(admitted in the early 20th century as the state of 923:

but is now recognized as an eccentric member of the

392:

The most complete reference for these earthworks is

146:

in Louisiana, constructed about 3500 BCE during the

83:

cultures in North America were collectively termed "

2865:"The 'Monumental Tortoise' Mounds of 'Dee-Coo-Dah'" 907:

The Mosopelea is most likely identical to the Ofo (

840:(c.1539–1616), a Spanish chronicler also known as " 5395: 2329:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 2121: 1897: 216:The best-known flat-topped pyramidal structure is 3044:With Climate Swing, a Culture Bloomed in Americas 2404:No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith 1999:Guy E. Gibbon; Kenneth M. Ames (August 1, 1998). 1455:article described water receding from a mound in 1176: 559:1000 BCE). Some well-understood examples are the 450:, the oldest known mound complex in North America 10070: 7918: 2521:American Antiquities and Discoveries in the West 2495:American Antiquities and Discoveries in the West 2383:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSilverberg1969 ( 1485:. Earlier authors making a similar case include 1368:On June 29, 1860, David Wyrick, the surveyor of 709:Artist's conception of the Fort Ancient culture 303:, de Soto encountered a group ruled by a queen, 10124:16th-century disestablishments in North America 4633: 3094: 2761:. Internet Archive. Boston : McGraw-Hill. 2562: 928:down or broken goods reforged into new items. 771:in West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana; and the 726:in areas of modern-day southern Ohio, northern 275:, thought to be the capital of the province of 239:in southern Ohio, as published in the magazine 7938:List of archaeological periods (North America) 5694:List of archaeological periods (North America) 5518:University of Tennessee Agriculture Farm Mound 5420:List of archaeological periods (North America) 4668:List of archaeological periods (North America) 4212:List of archaeological periods (North America) 1779:"Southeastern Prehistory-Late Woodland Period" 8217: 7904: 6171: 5651: 5381: 4619: 4163: 3080: 2420:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFKennedy1994 ( 1652:Cahokia: The Great Native American Metropolis 1205:Observations on Some Parts of Natural History 571:, and parts of nearby states. The subsequent 169:, presumably of southeast Ohio, who spoke an 5483:Little Maquoketa River Mounds State Preserve 2920: 2657:"The Mound Builders of North America Part I" 2453:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSquier1849 ( 2378:(New York: New York Graphic Society, 1968); 2343: 2318: 1183:Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories 971:Antiquities Discovered in the Western States 5310:Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley 2972:Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley 2968: 2619:"Adam and Eve –and Reverend West – in Ohio" 2080:. USA: The Career Press. pp. 295–296. 1968: 1966: 1950:"Mississippian and Late Prehistoric Period" 1878:"Mississippian and Late Prehistoric Period" 1662: 1660: 1639:Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley 1417:. Naturally enough, it became known as the 1253:centered around his study of the Bible and 395:Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley 386:Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley 8231: 8224: 8210: 7911: 7897: 6178: 6164: 5658: 5644: 5388: 5374: 4626: 4612: 4170: 4156: 3087: 3073: 2720:Townsend, Richard F. (September 6, 2016), 2439:, September 2001, Vol. 51, Issue 9, p. 38. 2379: 2314:. Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society. 2309: 1854:. New Georgia Encyclopedia. Archived from 1535:List of burial mounds in the United States 4754:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park 4177: 3595:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park 2471:, Vol. 142, No. 6, December 1972, pg. 789 1992: 1849: 1610:Robert W. Preucel, Stephen A. Mrozowski, 1413:, and the robed figure was identified as 649: 512:, Florida, now a gated community next to 370: 10094:Archaeological cultures of North America 4829:Seip Earthworks and Dill Mounds District 2719: 2407:(rev. ed., New York: Knopf, 1971) p. 36. 2354:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. 2349: 2324: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2075: 1963: 1657: 1557:, mounds (or barrows) of Europe and Asia 1425:stone bore no resemblance to any modern 1399: 1359: 1298:civilizations such as the (Pre-Classic) 741: 704: 653: 599: 529: 453: 441: 374: 309: 266: 230: 188: 99:) to the 16th century CE, including the 38: 5162:Crystal River Archaeological State Park 4854:Williamson Mound Archeological District 2843: 2821: 2617:Brook Wilensky-Lanford (May 23, 2011). 2416: 1447:article from 1897 described a mound in 1328:websites claiming association with the 1294:civilizations, including the formative 792:. This resulted in the adaption of new 700: 318:, showing the burial of a Timucua chief 27:Pre-Columbian cultures of North America 14: 10071: 2965:. 5th ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 2006. 2863:Lewis, Theodore H. (January 1, 1886). 2679:"The Black Washitaw Nation of America" 2449: 2056:Burial Mounds of the Northern Sections 2053: 1798: 938: 595: 181:'s expedition, between 1540 and 1542. 9395: 9034: 8300: 8205: 7892: 6159: 5639: 5369: 4881:Carrier Mills Archaeological District 4607: 4151: 3068: 2862: 2754: 2482:Searching for the Great Hopewell Road 2155:Davis Brose and N'omi Greber (eds.), 2109: 2094: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2065: 2049: 2047: 1801:Mississippian Towns and Sacred Spaces 1685:"Important new findings in Louisiana" 1654:(University of Illinois Press, 2000). 737: 588:degenerated and was succeeded by the 402:and Edwin H. Davis. It was published 262: 9396: 2983: 2969:Squier, E. G.; Davis, E. H. (1847). 1755:Saunders, in Rees and Brown (2010), 1742:Saunders, in Rees and Brown (2010), 1729:Saunders, in Rees and Brown (2010), 1628:(University Press of Florida, 1995). 1626:Lost Cities of the Ancient Southeast 1581:(Archaeology and the Book of Mormon) 1355: 1171: 476:is located in the floodplain of the 4066:Norse colonization of North America 3019:Artist Hideout, Art of the Ancients 2869:The American Journal of Archaeology 2551:Mound Builders & Cliff Dwellers 2525:Mound Builders & Cliff Dwellers 2508:Mound Builders & Cliff Dwellers 2159:(Kent State University Press, 1979) 1703: 1615:John Wiley & Sons, 2010, p. 177 1209:Norse colonization of North America 24: 6194:Mississippian and related cultures 5873: 5068:Marksville Prehistoric Indian Site 2914: 2836:Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln 2829:[c. September 25–30, 1848] 2563:Hearn, Lafcadio (April 24, 1876). 2244:"The Plaquemine Culture, A.D 1000" 2062: 2044: 2031:"The Plaquemine Culture, A.D 1000" 1939:Los Angeles: 2015. Chapter 1, p. 6 519: 25: 10155: 9348:Megalithic architectural elements 5605:Extreme weather events of 535–536 5035:Renner Village Archeological Site 4957:Albany Mounds State Historic Site 2995: 2538:The Archaeology of New York State 1650:Biloine Young and Melvin Fowler, 1330:Moorish Science Temple of America 1023:. They traveled with them on the 575:built monuments from present-day 139:Valley and its tributary waters. 10119:4th-millennium BC establishments 10089:Formative period in the Americas 9035: 7989: 7920: 6187: 5667: 5397: 4862: 4635: 4588: 4587: 4446: 4179: 2589:Ohio Historical Society (1901). 1852:"Mississippian Period: Overview" 1637:Ephraim Squier and Edwin Davis, 1332:, have taken up the Atlantean (" 1157: 1143: 1129: 1115: 1099: 1081: 1067: 1053: 820: 10084:Archaic period in North America 9967:Evolutionary origin of religion 7828:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex 4086:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex 2856: 2815: 2795: 2775: 2748: 2713: 2693: 2671: 2649: 2610: 2582: 2556: 2543: 2530: 2513: 2500: 2487: 2474: 2461: 2442: 2429: 2410: 2392: 2368: 2303: 2294: 2285: 2276: 2257: 2216: 2203: 2175: 2162: 2149: 2115:"The Myth of the Moundbuilders" 2023: 1942: 1929: 1891: 1870: 1843: 1821: 1792: 1771: 1762: 1749: 1736: 1711:Middle Archaic and Watson Brake 1550:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex 852:(published in 1605, Lisbon, as 6210:Timeline of Mississippi valley 5340:Hopewell Ceremonial Earthworks 5153:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture 5030:Cloverdale archaeological site 2839:. Vol. 2. pp. 10–11. 1835:. July 1, 2010. Archived from 1677: 1644: 1631: 1618: 1603: 1594: 1177:The myth of the Mound Builders 902:Jean-Baptiste-Louis Franquelin 464:West Carroll Parish, Louisiana 438:Archaic period in the Americas 431: 32:Mound builder (disambiguation) 13: 1: 9580:Art of the Middle Paleolithic 9110:British megalith architecture 8047:Feurt Mounds and Village Site 7410:Grand Village of the Illinois 5040:Trowbridge Archeological Site 4987:Naples Archeological District 2185:, collected in the anthology 1587: 1503:Constantine Samuel Rafinesque 1492: 1343:In a January 2023 episode of 1249:'s 1833 400-page publication 1137:Caddoan Mississippian culture 953:Southeastern Woodland peoples 831:Following the description by 695:Caddoan Mississippian culture 426: 421:Constantine Samuel Rafinesque 419:came from the manuscripts of 47: 9575:Art of the Upper Paleolithic 9115:Nordic megalith architecture 7187:Grand Village of the Natchez 6110:Eastern Agricultural Complex 5911:Bayou Grande Cheniere Mounds 5350:Eastern Agricultural Complex 5091:Bynum Mound and Village Site 5073:Mott Archaeological Preserve 4051:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing 4001:Eastern Agricultural Complex 3024:Ancient Monuments Placemarks 2728:, Art Institute of Chicago, 2621:. The Common. Archived from 1483:Bureau of American Ethnology 7: 10139:Nationalism and archaeology 8042:Buffalo Indian Village Site 6205:List of Mississippian sites 6030:Southwest of Cut Off Lagoon 5508:St. Croix River Access Site 4972:Golden Eagle-Toppmeyer Site 4197:List of Adena culture sites 3435:Bandelier National Monument 3309:List of Mississippian sites 3096:Pre-Columbian North America 2833:. In Basler, Roy P. (ed.). 2310:Silverberg, Robert (1968). 1805:University of Alabama Press 1571:- an interpretation of the 1528: 919:was formerly classified as 859: 171:Ohio Valley Siouan language 10: 10160: 10079:Pre-Columbian architecture 9723:British Isles and Brittany 9644:Gwion Gwion rock paintings 5805:Mazique Archeological Site 5248:Old Stone Fort (Tennessee) 4860: 4539:Lynden Reynolds Farm Mound 3855:West Oak Forest Earthlodge 3460:The Bluff Point Stoneworks 3169:Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) 2853:. Horace Thayer, New York. 2803:"Monster Skulls and Bones" 2755:Feder, Kenneth L. (2006). 2640:became the founder of the 2325:Williams, Stephen (1991). 1974:"Plaquemine-Mississippian" 827:Mississippian shatter zone 824: 805:those tribes speaking the 756: 715: 669: 614: 610:Warren County, Mississippi 539:Moundsville, West Virginia 523: 435: 58:UNESCO World Heritage Site 29: 10129:Pyramids in North America 9925: 9738: 9565: 9412: 9408: 9391: 9277: 9241: 9090: 9047: 9043: 9030: 8837: 8668: 8641: 8566: 8492: 8483: 8388: 8313: 8309: 8301: 8296: 8239: 8143: 8125:Ronald Watson Gravel site 8070: 8034: 7998: 7987: 7951: 7933: 7855: 7744: 7676: 7608: 7547: 7540: 7493: 7365: 7354: 7284: 7135: 7092: 7024: 6732: 6606: 6518: 6437: 6364: 6227: 6218: 6200: 6102: 6051: 5884: 5871: 5835:Shackleford Church Mounds 5702: 5684: 5587: 5526: 5428: 5410: 5302: 5256: 5216:Other Hopewellian peoples 5215: 5147: 5119: 5081: 5048: 5020: 4947: 4924: 4871: 4839:Shriver Circle Earthworks 4676: 4648: 4583: 4567: 4501: 4455: 4444: 4220: 4192: 4124: 4096:Three Sisters agriculture 3951: 3883: 3415: 3144: 3102: 3050:Science 19 September 1997 2827:"Fragment: Niagara Falls 2266:The New England Quarterly 2222:Bryant, William Cullen, " 2211:Early American Literature 2058:. Salzwasser-Verlag Gmbh. 1432: 1268:Ten Lost Tribes of Israel 1195:Ten Lost Tribes of Israel 1185:, specifically involving 752:Yazoo County, Mississippi 184: 135:Valley, Florida, and the 7122:Naval Live Oaks Cemetery 5973:Little Pecan Island Site 5894:Atchafalaya Basin Mounds 5725:Churupa Plantation Mound 5441:Beattie Park Mound Group 3635:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site 3194:Buttermilk Creek complex 3046:(mound builders in Peru) 2849:Pidgeon, William (1858) 2659:. Federation : MSTA 2536:See Ritchie, William A. 2350:Colavito, Jason (2020). 2230:January 5, 2007, at the 2196:August 28, 2008, at the 2076:Haughton, Brian (2008). 1757:Archaeology of Louisiana 1744:Archaeology of Louisiana 1731:Archaeology of Louisiana 1715:Archaeology of Louisiana 1672:Southeastern Archaeology 997:Lower Mississippi Valley 676:Around 900–1450 CE, the 623:Lower Mississippi Valley 10109:Native American history 9955:Evolutionary musicology 9358:Oldest extant buildings 9285:Archaeological features 8804:Prepared-core technique 7981:SunWatch Indian Village 7752:Ballgame (Southeastern) 7648:Long-nosed god maskette 7528:SunWatch Indian Village 7475:Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs 7336:Ka-Do-Ha Indian Village 5956:Greenwood Cemetery Site 5574:Suwannee Valley culture 5121:Point Peninsula complex 4949:Havana Hopewell culture 4849:Tremper Mound and Works 4784:Nettle Lake Mound Group 3835:Town Creek Indian Mound 3805:Sierra de San Francisco 3660:Meadowcroft Rockshelter 2977:Smithsonian Institution 2592:Ohio history, Volume 10 1829:"Troyville-Coles Creek" 1472:The antiquarian author 1046: 992:is a language isolate. 711:SunWatch Indian Village 339:Jacques le Moyne, 1560s 283:Between 1540 and 1542, 193:A mound diagram of the 10134:Archaeology and racism 10099:Pre-Columbian cultures 9917:Unchambered long cairn 9765:Mound Builders culture 9098:Neolithic architecture 8233:Prehistoric technology 8006:Alligator Effigy Mound 7503:Alligator Effigy Mound 7117:Hickory Ridge Cemetery 7069:Leon-Jefferson culture 6465:Caborn-Welborn culture 6115:Fourche Maline culture 5878: 5795:Lamarque Landing Mound 5564:Princess Point complex 5544:Clemson Island culture 5404:Late Woodland cultures 5233:Fourche Maline culture 5192:Swift Creek mound site 5012:Toolesboro Mound Group 4658:List of Hopewell sites 3490:Coso Rock Art District 3377:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek 3280:List of Hopewell sites 3007:June 11, 2011, at the 2054:Thomas, Cyrus (2018). 2005:. Routledge. pp. 1470: 1409:to include the entire 1405: 1365: 850:Historia de la Florida 754: 713: 667: 650:Mississippian cultures 612: 545: 466: 451: 389: 371:Archaeological surveys 361:worshippers of the sun 342: 319: 280: 244: 226:Collinsville, Illinois 198: 76: 62:Collinsville, Illinois 18:Mound builder (people) 9592:List of Stone Age art 8794:Microblade technology 8742:Langdale axe industry 8340:Ard / plough 8166:Mississippian culture 6232:and Upper Mississippi 6120:Mississippian culture 6064:Chandler Landing Site 5877: 5615:Mississippian culture 5579:Weeden Island culture 4819:Rocky Fork Enclosures 4814:Portsmouth Earthworks 4759:Indian Mound Cemetery 4724:Everett Knoll Complex 4348:Odd Fellows' Cemetery 3898:Arlington Springs Man 3740:Portsmouth Earthworks 2984:Gale, George (1867). 2927:Ohio University Press 1565:Mormon publications: 1465: 1457:Cartersville, Georgia 1403: 1363: 1201:Benjamin Smith Barton 1123:Mississippian culture 1003:close to present-day 957:William Cullen Bryant 946:Mississippian culture 745: 708: 678:Mississippian culture 672:Mississippian culture 657: 603: 533: 503:Poverty Point culture 457: 445: 381:Portsmouth Earthworks 378: 332: 313: 293:Mississippian culture 270: 234: 192: 155:Mississippian culture 148:Middle Archaic period 95:(the construction of 42: 9999:Prehistoric medicine 9994:Prehistoric counting 9977:Prehistoric religion 9972:Paleolithic religion 9950:Behavioral modernity 9307:Causewayed enclosure 9199:Abri de la Madeleine 8323:Neolithic Revolution 7927:Fort Ancient culture 7791:Earth/fertility cult 7495:Fort Ancient culture 6379:Dogtooth Bend Mounds 6365:Lower Ohio River and 6351:Steed-Kisker culture 5967:Little Cheniere Site 5921:Bayou Portage Mounds 5855:Troyville Earthworks 5689:Late Woodland period 5610:Fort Ancient culture 5167:Etowah Indian Mounds 5022:Kansas City Hopewell 4873:Crab Orchard culture 4734:Fortified Hill Works 4288:Highbanks Metro Park 4106:Transoceanic contact 3996:Container Revolution 3570:Gila Cliff Dwellings 3535:Etowah Indian Mounds 2791:. December 20, 1897. 2565:"The Mound Builders" 2493:See Priest, Josiah, 2157:Hopewell Archaeology 1839:on January 10, 2012. 1833:Louisiana prehistory 1349:Tucker Carlson Today 1347:'s Fox Nation show " 1251:American Antiquities 1151:Fort Ancient culture 1005:Natchez, Mississippi 882:Fort Ancient culture 838:Garcilaso de la Vega 746:Illustration of the 718:Fort Ancient culture 701:Fort Ancient culture 271:Illustration of the 203:flat-topped pyramids 163:Fort Ancient culture 125:Mississippian period 71:in America north of 30:For other uses, see 10038:Prehistoric warfare 8784:Magdalenian culture 8747:Levallois technique 8678:Earliest toolmaking 8171:Monongahela culture 8052:Hardin Village site 7796:Green Corn Ceremony 7356:Upper Mississippian 7306:Blue Spring Shelter 7026:Fort Walton culture 6480:Hovey Lake District 6019:Schwing Place Mound 5926:Bayou Sorrel Mounds 5850:Transylvania Mounds 5790:Kings Crossing site 5770:Frogmore Mound Site 5740:Cypress Grove Mound 5678:Plum Bayou cultures 5600:Belle Glade culture 5554:Monongahela culture 5149:Swift Creek culture 5134:Serpent Mounds Park 4769:Marietta Earthworks 4739:Great Hopewell Road 4719:Ety Habitation Site 4642:Hopewellian peoples 4502:West Virginia sites 4418:Story (Chillicothe) 4026:Green Corn Ceremony 3840:Turkey River Mounds 3630:Lake Jackson Mounds 3450:Blue Spring Shelter 2625:on November 4, 2011 2469:National Geographic 2374:Robert Silverberg, 2213:33 (1998): 225–249. 2189:; available online 1666:Rebecca Saunders, " 1384:-shaped stone with 1107:Coles Creek culture 1061:Hopewell traditions 939:Massacre and revolt 854:La Florida del Inca 815:Muskogean languages 790:St. Louis, Missouri 617:Coles Creek culture 606:Kings Crossing site 596:Coles Creek culture 379:A depiction of the 235:A depiction of the 224:, near present-day 53:and located at the 9989:Origin of language 9982:Spiritual drug use 9892:Rectangular dolmen 9794:Dartmoor kistvaens 9607:Carved stone balls 9319:Circular enclosure 9278:Other architecture 9221:Alp pile dwellings 8809:Solutrean industry 8720:Gravettian culture 8370:Secondary products 7878:de Soto Expedition 7843:Underwater panther 7689:Central Algonquian 7400:Fisher Mound Group 7044:Apalachee Province 7011:Waddells Mill Pond 6130:Plaquemine culture 6042:Temple Mounds Site 6036:St. Gabriel Mounds 6013:Richeau Field Site 5938:Cypress Point Site 5879: 5865:Wade Landing Mound 5830:Scott Place Mounds 5755:Filhiol Mound Site 5735:Crippen Point site 5493:Memorial Park Site 5355:Underwater panther 5279:Fresh water pearls 5257:Exotic trade items 5182:Miner's Creek site 5139:LeVescounte Mounds 5050:Marksville culture 5007:Sinnissippi Mounds 4939:Norton Mound group 4804:Perin Village Site 4749:Hopeton Earthworks 4559:Turkey Creek Mound 4413:Story (Cincinnati) 4383:Ross Trails Circle 4353:Old Maid's Orchard 4263:George Deffenbaugh 4111:Underwater panther 3785:Rosenstock Village 3655:Marmes Rockshelter 3640:L'Anse aux Meadows 3033:The Mound Builders 2990:. Chicago: Clarke. 2808:The New York Times 2788:The New York Times 2187:A Sense of History 2172:(Free Press, 1994) 1909:Garland Publishing 1899:Peter N. Peregrine 1850:Adam King (2002). 1709:Joe W. Saunders, " 1624:Mallory O'Connor, 1545:Prehistory of Ohio 1406: 1391:Charles Whittlesey 1366: 1240:The Book of Mormon 1165:Plaquemine culture 978:Plaquemine culture 877:to such diseases. 794:pottery techniques 759:Plaquemine culture 755: 738:Plaquemine culture 714: 668: 613: 586:Marksville culture 546: 467: 452: 390: 320: 281: 279:visited by de Soto 263:Early descriptions 245: 199: 159:Plaquemine culture 77: 51: 950–1100 CE 10066: 10065: 10062: 10061: 10058: 10057: 10011:Prehistoric music 9960:music archaeology 9617:Cup and ring mark 9442:Clothing/textiles 9387: 9386: 9383: 9382: 9026: 9025: 9022: 9021: 8829:Yubetsu technique 8814:Striking platform 8779:Lithic technology 8664: 8663: 8649:Game drive system 8568:Projectile points 8460:Mortar and pestle 8199: 8198: 8191:Springwells phase 8151:Bone Stone Graves 8120:Madisonville site 8115:Lower Shawneetown 8090:Cleek–McCabe site 7961:Fort Ancient site 7886: 7885: 7851: 7850: 7536: 7535: 7152:Atchafalaya Basin 7094:Pensacola culture 7059:Fort Walton Mound 6951:Punk Rock Shelter 6911:Mouse Creek phase 6734:South Appalachian 6728: 6727: 6607:Central and Lower 6548:Castalian Springs 6538:Brentwood Library 6438:Middle Ohio River 6291:Emerald Acropolis 6153: 6152: 6145:Troyville culture 6089:Plum Bayou Mounds 5962:Kleinpeter Mounds 5916:Bayou L’Ours Site 5899:Bayou Black Mound 5887:Coles Creek sites 5775:Ghost Site Mounds 5750:Feltus Mound Site 5703:Coles Creek sites 5633: 5632: 5625:St. Johns culture 5569:Springwells phase 5457:Brinsfield I Site 5363: 5362: 5223:Armstrong culture 5197:Third Gulf Breeze 4997:Ogden-Fettie Site 4906:O'byams Fort site 4901:Mount Vernon Site 4844:Stubbs Earthworks 4824:Rocky Fork Mounds 4789:Newark Earthworks 4694:Cary Village Site 4601: 4600: 4575:Mounds State Park 4509:Camden Park Mound 4298:Hodgen's Cemetery 4145: 4144: 4137:Pre-Columbian era 3938:Spirit Cave mummy 3735:Plum Bayou Mounds 3645:Lynch Quarry Site 3164:Ancient Beringian 3056:Bruce Smith video 3038:Project Gutenberg 2975:. Washington DC: 2960:Feder, Kenneth L. 2936:978-0-8214-1609-9 2768:978-0-07-286948-4 2735:978-0-300-22560-0 2183:American Heritage 2135:978-0-07-286948-4 2111:Feder, Kenneth L. 2087:978-1-60163-000-1 2016:978-0-8153-0725-9 1922:978-0-8153-0336-7 1814:978-0-8173-0947-3 1378:Newark Earthworks 1356:Newark Holy Stone 1326:Black nationalist 1276:Robert Silverberg 1172:Pseudoarchaeology 1089:Troyville culture 765:Mississippi River 535:Grave Creek Mound 400:Ephraim G. Squier 137:Mississippi River 121:Hopewell cultures 64:, is the largest 16:(Redirected from 10151: 10026:Divje Babe flute 9933:Archaeoastronomy 9676:Petrosomatoglyph 9410: 9409: 9393: 9392: 9242:Water management 9045: 9044: 9032: 9031: 8935:Denticulate tool 8757:Lithic reduction 8490: 8489: 8311: 8310: 8298: 8297: 8226: 8219: 8212: 8203: 8202: 7993: 7925: 7924: 7913: 7906: 7899: 7890: 7889: 7653:Mill Creek chert 7643:Duck River cache 7545: 7544: 7363: 7362: 7127:Pensacola people 6921:Muscogee (Creek) 6761:Bell Field Mound 6475:Hovey Lake-Klein 6429:Wickliffe Mounds 6404:Rowlandton Mound 6321:Lunsford-Pulcher 6225: 6224: 6192: 6191: 6180: 6173: 6166: 6157: 6156: 6052:Plum Bayou sites 5944:Eagle Point Site 5815:Mound Plantation 5730:Coles Creek Site 5672: 5671: 5660: 5653: 5646: 5637: 5636: 5402: 5401: 5390: 5383: 5376: 5367: 5366: 5335:Hopewell pottery 5063:Grand Gulf Mound 4982:Mound House site 4866: 4774:Moorehead Circle 4744:High Banks Works 4704:Dunns Pond Mound 4699:Cedar-Bank Works 4640: 4639: 4628: 4621: 4614: 4605: 4604: 4591: 4590: 4450: 4433:Wright-Patterson 4388:Short Woods Park 4184: 4183: 4172: 4165: 4158: 4149: 4148: 4081:Projectile point 3918:Leanderthal Lady 3845:Upward Sun River 3820:Stallings Island 3810:Shell ring sites 3760:Recapture Canyon 3675:Moorehead Circle 3520:El Fin del Mundo 3505:Cueva de la Olla 3311: 3298:Maritime Archaic 3282: 3112: 3089: 3082: 3075: 3066: 3065: 3040: 2991: 2980: 2940: 2908: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2860: 2854: 2847: 2841: 2840: 2823:Lincoln, Abraham 2819: 2813: 2812: 2811:. April 5, 1886. 2799: 2793: 2792: 2779: 2773: 2772: 2752: 2746: 2745: 2744: 2742: 2717: 2711: 2710: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2675: 2669: 2668: 2666: 2664: 2653: 2647: 2646: 2632: 2630: 2614: 2608: 2607: 2601: 2599: 2586: 2580: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2560: 2554: 2547: 2541: 2534: 2528: 2519:Priest, Josiah, 2517: 2511: 2504: 2498: 2491: 2485: 2478: 2472: 2465: 2459: 2458: 2446: 2440: 2433: 2427: 2425: 2414: 2408: 2396: 2390: 2388: 2372: 2366: 2365: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2322: 2316: 2315: 2307: 2301: 2298: 2292: 2289: 2283: 2280: 2274: 2261: 2255: 2254: 2252: 2250: 2240: 2234: 2220: 2214: 2207: 2201: 2179: 2173: 2166: 2160: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2127: 2119: 2107: 2092: 2091: 2073: 2060: 2059: 2051: 2042: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2027: 2021: 2020: 1996: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1980:on April 2, 2015 1976:. Archived from 1970: 1961: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1946: 1940: 1933: 1927: 1926: 1895: 1889: 1888: 1886: 1884: 1874: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1858:on March 1, 2012 1847: 1841: 1840: 1825: 1819: 1818: 1796: 1790: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1775: 1769: 1766: 1760: 1753: 1747: 1740: 1734: 1727: 1718: 1707: 1701: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1681: 1675: 1664: 1655: 1648: 1642: 1635: 1629: 1622: 1616: 1607: 1601: 1598: 1487:Thomas Jefferson 1411:Ten Commandments 1280:Stephen Williams 1278:, archaeologist 1161: 1147: 1133: 1119: 1103: 1085: 1071: 1057: 1033:Indian Territory 1009:Natchez revolted 990:Natchez language 833:Jacques le Moyne 748:Holly Bluff site 658:Illustration of 604:Illustration of 573:Hopewell culture 458:Illustration of 446:Illustration of 357:Le Page du Pratz 351:priest, met the 345:Maturin Le Petit 340: 324:Jacques le Moyne 316:Jacques le Moyne 314:Engraving after 301:Augusta, Georgia 285:Hernando de Soto 179:Hernando de Soto 52: 49: 21: 10159: 10158: 10154: 10153: 10152: 10150: 10149: 10148: 10104:Woodland period 10069: 10068: 10067: 10054: 9921: 9907:Stone box grave 9877:Megalithic tomb 9782:Cotswold-Severn 9734: 9639:Guardian stones 9567:Prehistoric art 9561: 9404: 9379: 9368:Timber trackway 9273: 9237: 9233:Wattle and daub 9086: 9065:Standing stones 9039: 9018: 8833: 8660: 8637: 8562: 8479: 8389:Food processing 8384: 8333:New World crops 8305: 8292: 8235: 8230: 8200: 8195: 8139: 8130:Sand Ridge site 8105:Hahn Field site 8072: 8066: 8030: 7994: 7985: 7976:State Line site 7953: 7947: 7929: 7919: 7917: 7887: 7882: 7868:Clarksdale bell 7847: 7833:Stone box grave 7774:Ceremonial pipe 7740: 7699:Mobilian Jargon 7672: 7604: 7532: 7489: 7357: 7350: 7287: 7280: 7138: 7131: 7088: 7020: 6966:Rucker's Bottom 6756:Beaverdam Creek 6736: 6724: 6608: 6602: 6563:Hiwassee Island 6520: 6514: 6505:Welborn Village 6433: 6394:Millstone Bluff 6367:Confluence area 6366: 6360: 6356:Sugarloaf Mound 6296:Emmons Cemetery 6231: 6229:American Bottom 6220: 6214: 6196: 6186: 6184: 6154: 6149: 6098: 6047: 6001:Pennison Mounds 5978:Jerry Haas Site 5905:Bayou Cypremont 5886: 5880: 5869: 5780:Greenhouse site 5715:Balmoral Mounds 5698: 5680: 5666: 5664: 5634: 5629: 5583: 5539:Avonlea culture 5534:Alachua culture 5522: 5513:Sommerheim Park 5498:Nottingham Site 5424: 5406: 5396: 5394: 5364: 5359: 5325:Ceremonial pipe 5298: 5252: 5243:Saugeen complex 5211: 5177:Kolomoki Mounds 5155: 5151: 5143: 5115: 5077: 5044: 5016: 4977:Kamp Mound Site 4943: 4920: 4916:Yankeetown site 4867: 4858: 4834:Shawnee Lookout 4672: 4653:Woodland period 4644: 4634: 4632: 4602: 4597: 4579: 4563: 4554:St Mary's Mound 4549:St. Albans Site 4497: 4451: 4442: 4216: 4202:Woodland period 4188: 4178: 4176: 4146: 4141: 4132:Genetic history 4120: 3974:Ceremonial pipe 3947: 3928:Minnesota Woman 3885: 3879: 3700:Ocmulgee Mounds 3680:Morrison Mounds 3625:Kolomoki Mounds 3615:Kimball Village 3475:Candelaria Cave 3417: 3411: 3392:Suwannee Valley 3327:Old Cordilleran 3307: 3278: 3146: 3140: 3106: 3098: 3093: 3030: 3009:Wayback Machine 2998: 2937: 2917: 2915:Further reading 2912: 2911: 2901: 2899: 2861: 2857: 2848: 2844: 2820: 2816: 2801: 2800: 2796: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2769: 2753: 2749: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2718: 2714: 2699: 2698: 2694: 2684: 2682: 2677: 2676: 2672: 2662: 2660: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2628: 2626: 2615: 2611: 2597: 2595: 2587: 2583: 2573: 2571: 2561: 2557: 2548: 2544: 2535: 2531: 2518: 2514: 2505: 2501: 2492: 2488: 2479: 2475: 2466: 2462: 2452: 2447: 2443: 2434: 2430: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2397: 2393: 2382: 2380:Silverberg 1969 2373: 2369: 2362: 2348: 2344: 2337: 2323: 2319: 2308: 2304: 2299: 2295: 2290: 2286: 2281: 2277: 2262: 2258: 2248: 2246: 2242: 2241: 2237: 2232:Wayback Machine 2221: 2217: 2208: 2204: 2198:Wayback Machine 2180: 2176: 2168:Roger Kennedy, 2167: 2163: 2154: 2150: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2117: 2108: 2095: 2088: 2074: 2063: 2052: 2045: 2035: 2033: 2029: 2028: 2024: 2017: 1997: 1993: 1983: 1981: 1972: 1971: 1964: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1947: 1943: 1934: 1930: 1923: 1896: 1892: 1882: 1880: 1876: 1875: 1871: 1861: 1859: 1848: 1844: 1827: 1826: 1822: 1815: 1797: 1793: 1783: 1781: 1777: 1776: 1772: 1767: 1763: 1754: 1750: 1741: 1737: 1728: 1721: 1708: 1704: 1694: 1692: 1683: 1682: 1678: 1665: 1658: 1649: 1645: 1636: 1632: 1623: 1619: 1608: 1604: 1599: 1595: 1590: 1569:Heartland model 1561:Tumulus culture 1531: 1495: 1474:William Pidgeon 1461:Abraham Lincoln 1435: 1419:Decalogue Stone 1404:Decalogue Stone 1358: 1338:Washitaw Nation 1324:More recently, 1179: 1174: 1167: 1162: 1153: 1148: 1139: 1134: 1125: 1120: 1109: 1104: 1095: 1093:Baytown culture 1086: 1077: 1072: 1063: 1058: 1049: 1021:Cherokee people 941: 862: 829: 823: 761: 740: 720: 703: 674: 662:with the large 652: 619: 598: 590:Baytown culture 528: 526:Woodland period 522: 520:Woodland period 440: 434: 429: 373: 365:paramount chief 341: 338: 265: 207:platform mounds 187: 109:Woodland period 50: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10157: 10147: 10146: 10144:Mound Builders 10141: 10136: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10116: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10091: 10086: 10081: 10064: 10063: 10060: 10059: 10056: 10055: 10053: 10052: 10051: 10050: 10040: 10035: 10034: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10018: 10016:Alligator drum 10008: 10007: 10006: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9985: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9964: 9963: 9962: 9952: 9947: 9946: 9945: 9943:lunar calendar 9940: 9929: 9927: 9926:Other cultural 9923: 9922: 9920: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9879: 9874: 9873: 9872: 9867: 9857: 9852: 9847: 9846: 9845: 9840: 9830: 9825: 9824: 9823: 9813: 9808: 9803: 9798: 9797: 9796: 9786: 9785: 9784: 9774: 9773: 9772: 9762: 9761: 9760: 9755: 9744: 9742: 9736: 9735: 9733: 9732: 9730:Venus figurine 9727: 9726: 9725: 9720: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9699: 9698: 9693: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9661:Megalithic art 9658: 9657: 9656: 9651: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9630: 9629: 9619: 9614: 9612:Cave paintings 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9588: 9587: 9577: 9571: 9569: 9563: 9562: 9560: 9559: 9558: 9557: 9552: 9542: 9537: 9532: 9531: 9530: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9505: 9495: 9490: 9489: 9488: 9478: 9477: 9476: 9471: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9450: 9449: 9439: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9418: 9416: 9414:Material goods 9406: 9405: 9389: 9388: 9385: 9384: 9381: 9380: 9378: 9377: 9376: 9375: 9365: 9360: 9355: 9350: 9345: 9344: 9343: 9333: 9328: 9327: 9326: 9316: 9315: 9314: 9304: 9303: 9302: 9292: 9287: 9281: 9279: 9275: 9274: 9272: 9271: 9266: 9261: 9256: 9251: 9245: 9243: 9239: 9238: 9236: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9224: 9223: 9213: 9208: 9207: 9206: 9201: 9196: 9186: 9181: 9176: 9171: 9170: 9169: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9148: 9147: 9137: 9132: 9130:Cliff dwelling 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9106: 9105: 9094: 9092: 9088: 9087: 9085: 9084: 9083: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9062: 9057: 9051: 9049: 9041: 9040: 9028: 9027: 9024: 9023: 9020: 9019: 9017: 9016: 9015: 9014: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8988: 8987: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8926: 8925: 8915: 8914: 8913: 8908: 8898: 8893: 8888: 8883: 8882: 8881: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8860: 8859: 8849: 8843: 8841: 8835: 8834: 8832: 8831: 8826: 8821: 8816: 8811: 8806: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8775: 8774: 8769: 8764: 8754: 8749: 8744: 8739: 8738: 8737: 8727: 8722: 8717: 8715:Fire hardening 8712: 8707: 8705:Clovis culture 8702: 8697: 8696: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8674: 8672: 8666: 8665: 8662: 8661: 8659: 8658: 8657: 8656: 8645: 8643: 8639: 8638: 8636: 8635: 8630: 8628:Manis Mastodon 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8584: 8583: 8572: 8570: 8564: 8563: 8561: 8560: 8559: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8528: 8523: 8522: 8521: 8511: 8510: 8509: 8507:throwing stick 8499: 8493: 8487: 8481: 8480: 8478: 8477: 8472: 8467: 8462: 8457: 8452: 8447: 8446: 8445: 8440: 8430: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8414: 8413: 8403: 8398: 8392: 8390: 8386: 8385: 8383: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8362: 8357: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8336: 8335: 8330: 8319: 8317: 8307: 8306: 8294: 8293: 8291: 8290: 8285: 8284: 8283: 8273: 8272: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8240: 8237: 8236: 8229: 8228: 8221: 8214: 8206: 8197: 8196: 8194: 8193: 8188: 8186:Owasco culture 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8147:Related topics 8144: 8141: 8140: 8138: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8117: 8112: 8107: 8102: 8097: 8092: 8087: 8082: 8076: 8074: 8068: 8067: 8065: 8064: 8059: 8057:Leo Petroglyph 8054: 8049: 8044: 8038: 8036: 8032: 8031: 8029: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8008: 8002: 8000: 7996: 7995: 7988: 7986: 7984: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7957: 7955: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7945: 7943:Mound Builders 7940: 7934: 7931: 7930: 7916: 7915: 7908: 7901: 7893: 7884: 7883: 7881: 7880: 7875: 7873:Mound Builders 7870: 7865: 7860: 7859:Related topics 7856: 7853: 7852: 7849: 7848: 7846: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7824: 7823: 7821:Village bundle 7813: 7808: 7806:Platform mound 7803: 7801:Horned Serpent 7798: 7793: 7788: 7783: 7782: 7781: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7760: 7759: 7748: 7746: 7742: 7741: 7739: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7718: 7717: 7716: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7680: 7678: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7670: 7668:Stone statuary 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7639: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7618: 7612: 7610: 7606: 7605: 7603: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7551: 7549: 7542: 7538: 7537: 7534: 7533: 7531: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7518:Leo Petroglyph 7515: 7510: 7505: 7499: 7497: 7491: 7490: 7488: 7487: 7482: 7477: 7472: 7467: 7462: 7457: 7455:Moccasin Bluff 7452: 7447: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7427: 7422: 7417: 7412: 7407: 7405:Gentleman Farm 7402: 7397: 7392: 7390:Carcajou Point 7387: 7382: 7377: 7371: 7369: 7360: 7352: 7351: 7349: 7348: 7343: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7321:Caddoan Mounds 7318: 7313: 7308: 7303: 7298: 7292: 7290: 7282: 7281: 7279: 7278: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7240: 7239: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7143: 7141: 7133: 7132: 7130: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7107:Dauphin Island 7104: 7098: 7096: 7090: 7089: 7087: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7030: 7028: 7022: 7021: 7019: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6848: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6781:Bussell Island 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6742: 6740: 6730: 6729: 6726: 6725: 6723: 6722: 6717: 6716: 6715: 6710: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6679: 6678: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6612: 6610: 6604: 6603: 6601: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6533:Beasley Mounds 6530: 6524: 6522: 6516: 6515: 6513: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6447: 6441: 6439: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6384:Kincaid Mounds 6381: 6376: 6370: 6368: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6301:Horseshoe Lake 6298: 6293: 6288: 6286:Dickson Mounds 6283: 6278: 6277: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6246: 6241: 6235: 6233: 6222: 6216: 6215: 6213: 6212: 6207: 6201: 6198: 6197: 6183: 6182: 6175: 6168: 6160: 6151: 6150: 6148: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6135:Platform mound 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6106:Related topics 6103: 6100: 6099: 6097: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6055: 6053: 6049: 6048: 6046: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6027: 6022: 6016: 6010: 6007:Portage Mounds 6004: 5998: 5992: 5987: 5981: 5975: 5970: 5964: 5959: 5953: 5947: 5941: 5935: 5929: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5902: 5896: 5890: 5888: 5882: 5881: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5845:Sundown Mounds 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5800:Marsden Mounds 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5745:DePrato Mounds 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5720:Boone's Mounds 5717: 5712: 5706: 5704: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5696: 5691: 5685: 5682: 5681: 5663: 5662: 5655: 5648: 5640: 5631: 5630: 5628: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5591:Related topics 5588: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5530: 5528: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5422: 5417: 5415:Mound Builders 5411: 5408: 5407: 5393: 5392: 5385: 5378: 5370: 5361: 5360: 5358: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5345:Horned Serpent 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5306:Related topics 5303: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5260: 5258: 5254: 5253: 5251: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5238:Laurel complex 5235: 5230: 5228:Copena culture 5225: 5219: 5217: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5158: 5156: 5145: 5144: 5142: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5129:Lewiston Mound 5125: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5087: 5085: 5083:Miller culture 5079: 5078: 5076: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5054: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5043: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5026: 5024: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5014: 5009: 5004: 5002:Rockwell Mound 4999: 4994: 4992:Naples Mound 8 4989: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4962:Dickson Mounds 4959: 4953: 4951: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4941: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4877: 4875: 4869: 4868: 4861: 4859: 4857: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4779:Mound of Pipes 4776: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4680: 4678: 4674: 4673: 4671: 4670: 4665: 4663:Mound Builders 4660: 4655: 4649: 4646: 4645: 4631: 4630: 4623: 4616: 4608: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4595: 4584: 4581: 4580: 4578: 4577: 4571: 4569: 4565: 4564: 4562: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4505: 4503: 4499: 4498: 4496: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4473:Jim King Mound 4470: 4465: 4459: 4457: 4456:Kentucky sites 4453: 4452: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4343:Mound Cemetery 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4293:Hillside Haven 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4214: 4209: 4207:Mound Builders 4204: 4199: 4193: 4190: 4189: 4175: 4174: 4167: 4160: 4152: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4125: 4122: 4121: 4119: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4056:Mound Builders 4053: 4048: 4043: 4041:Medicine wheel 4038: 4033: 4031:Horned Serpent 4028: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3982: 3981: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3955: 3953: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3889: 3887: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3782: 3777: 3772: 3770:Roberts Island 3767: 3762: 3757: 3752: 3747: 3742: 3737: 3732: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3705:Old Stone Fort 3702: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3670:Moaning Cavern 3667: 3662: 3657: 3652: 3647: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3620:Kincaid Mounds 3617: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3500:Cuarenta Casas 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3457: 3455:Bluefish Caves 3452: 3447: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3421: 3419: 3416:Archaeological 3413: 3412: 3410: 3409: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3312: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3284: 3283: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3214:Caloosahatchee 3211: 3206: 3201: 3199:Caborn-Welborn 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3150: 3148: 3145:Archaeological 3142: 3141: 3139: 3138: 3133: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3103: 3100: 3099: 3092: 3091: 3084: 3077: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3053: 3047: 3041: 3028: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3011: 3002:Lost Race Myth 2997: 2996:External links 2994: 2993: 2992: 2981: 2966: 2957: 2954:Mark Jarzombek 2951: 2941: 2935: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2909: 2881:10.2307/496041 2855: 2842: 2814: 2794: 2774: 2767: 2747: 2734: 2712: 2692: 2681:. May 12, 2010 2670: 2648: 2642:Heifer Project 2609: 2581: 2569:The Commercial 2555: 2542: 2540:, pp. 259, 261 2529: 2512: 2499: 2486: 2473: 2460: 2441: 2428: 2409: 2399:Fawn M. Brodie 2391: 2367: 2361:978-0806164618 2360: 2342: 2336:978-0812213126 2335: 2317: 2302: 2293: 2284: 2275: 2271:Book of Mormon 2256: 2235: 2215: 2202: 2174: 2161: 2148: 2134: 2093: 2086: 2061: 2043: 2022: 2015: 1991: 1962: 1941: 1935:Nash, Gary B. 1928: 1921: 1890: 1869: 1842: 1820: 1813: 1791: 1770: 1761: 1748: 1735: 1719: 1702: 1676: 1656: 1643: 1630: 1617: 1602: 1592: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1584: 1583: 1582: 1576: 1573:Book of Mormon 1563: 1558: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1530: 1527: 1494: 1491: 1453:New York Times 1444:New York Times 1434: 1431: 1370:Licking County 1357: 1354: 1345:Tucker Carlson 1319:Garden of Eden 1314:Lafcadio Hearn 1284:Jason Colavito 1216:Book of Mormon 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1169: 1168: 1163: 1156: 1154: 1149: 1142: 1140: 1135: 1128: 1126: 1121: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1105: 1098: 1096: 1087: 1080: 1078: 1073: 1066: 1064: 1059: 1052: 1048: 1045: 1029:Indian removal 1025:trail of tears 1007:. In 1729 the 940: 937: 925:Western Siouan 900:, recorded by 861: 858: 822: 819: 802:Natchez people 757:Main article: 739: 736: 730:, and western 716:Main article: 702: 699: 670:Main article: 651: 648: 615:Main article: 597: 594: 524:Main article: 521: 518: 478:Ouachita River 436:Main article: 433: 430: 428: 425: 413:archaeologists 372: 369: 353:Natchez people 336: 287:, the Spanish 264: 261: 195:platform mound 186: 183: 113:Caloosahatchee 101:Archaic period 85:Mound Builders 55:Cahokia Mounds 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10156: 10145: 10142: 10140: 10137: 10135: 10132: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10115: 10112: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10076: 10074: 10049: 10046: 10045: 10044: 10041: 10039: 10036: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10017: 10014: 10013: 10012: 10009: 10005: 10002: 10001: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9969: 9968: 9965: 9961: 9958: 9957: 9956: 9953: 9951: 9948: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9935: 9934: 9931: 9930: 9928: 9924: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9902:Simple dolmen 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9887:Passage grave 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9862: 9861: 9858: 9856: 9853: 9851: 9848: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9835: 9834: 9833:Gallery grave 9831: 9829: 9826: 9822: 9819: 9818: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9795: 9792: 9791: 9790: 9787: 9783: 9780: 9779: 9778: 9775: 9771: 9768: 9767: 9766: 9763: 9759: 9756: 9754: 9751: 9750: 9749: 9748:Burial mounds 9746: 9745: 9743: 9741: 9737: 9731: 9728: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9715: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9708:Statue menhir 9706: 9704: 9701: 9697: 9696:Stone carving 9694: 9692: 9689: 9688: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9646: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9628: 9625: 9624: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9586: 9583: 9582: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9572: 9570: 9568: 9564: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9547: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9535:Sewing needle 9533: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9500: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9487: 9484: 9483: 9482: 9479: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9466: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9448: 9445: 9444: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9419: 9417: 9415: 9411: 9407: 9403: 9399: 9394: 9390: 9374: 9371: 9370: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9363:Timber circle 9361: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9342: 9339: 9338: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9325: 9322: 9321: 9320: 9317: 9313: 9312:Tor enclosure 9310: 9309: 9308: 9305: 9301: 9300:fulacht fiadh 9298: 9297: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9282: 9280: 9276: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9246: 9244: 9240: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9222: 9219: 9218: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9191: 9190: 9187: 9185: 9182: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9168: 9165: 9164: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9146: 9143: 9142: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9104: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9096: 9095: 9093: 9089: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9067: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9052: 9050: 9046: 9042: 9038: 9033: 9029: 9013: 9010: 9009: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8986: 8983: 8982: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8924: 8921: 8920: 8919: 8916: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8903: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8880: 8877: 8876: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8858: 8855: 8854: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8844: 8842: 8840: 8836: 8830: 8827: 8825: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8815: 8812: 8810: 8807: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8760: 8759: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8736: 8733: 8732: 8731: 8728: 8726: 8723: 8721: 8718: 8716: 8713: 8711: 8708: 8706: 8703: 8701: 8698: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8680: 8679: 8676: 8675: 8673: 8671: 8667: 8655: 8652: 8651: 8650: 8647: 8646: 8644: 8640: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8582: 8579: 8578: 8577: 8574: 8573: 8571: 8569: 8565: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8536:spear-thrower 8534: 8533: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8520: 8517: 8516: 8515: 8514:Bow and arrow 8512: 8508: 8505: 8504: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8494: 8491: 8488: 8486: 8482: 8476: 8473: 8471: 8468: 8466: 8463: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8423:Grinding slab 8421: 8419: 8416: 8412: 8409: 8408: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8397: 8394: 8393: 8391: 8387: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8355:Domestication 8353: 8351: 8350:Digging stick 8348: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8328:Founder crops 8326: 8325: 8324: 8321: 8320: 8318: 8316: 8312: 8308: 8304: 8299: 8295: 8289: 8286: 8282: 8279: 8278: 8277: 8274: 8270: 8269:New Stone Age 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8246: 8245: 8242: 8241: 8238: 8234: 8227: 8222: 8220: 8215: 8213: 8208: 8207: 8204: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8156:Bone Mound II 8154: 8152: 8149: 8146: 8145: 8142: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8100:Fox Farm site 8098: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8077: 8075: 8069: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8039: 8037: 8033: 8027: 8026:Serpent Mound 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8003: 8001: 7997: 7992: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7950: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7935: 7932: 7928: 7923: 7914: 7909: 7907: 7902: 7900: 7895: 7894: 7891: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7858: 7857: 7854: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7822: 7819: 7818: 7817: 7816:Sacred bundle 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7780: 7777: 7776: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7758: 7755: 7754: 7753: 7750: 7749: 7747: 7743: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7715: 7712: 7711: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7681: 7679: 7675: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7637: 7636:Wulfing cache 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7623: 7622: 7621:Copper plates 7619: 7617: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7607: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7595:Three Sisters 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7565:Little barley 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7552: 7550: 7546: 7543: 7539: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7523:Serpent Mound 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7500: 7498: 7496: 7492: 7486: 7485:Summer Island 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7372: 7370: 7368: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7353: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7307: 7304: 7302: 7299: 7297: 7294: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7288:Mississippian 7283: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7238: 7235: 7234: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7144: 7142: 7140: 7139:Mississippian 7134: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7099: 7097: 7095: 7091: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7054:Corbin–Tucker 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7031: 7029: 7027: 7023: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6961:Roods Landing 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6901:Moccasin Bend 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6831:Hoojah Branch 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6739: 6738:Mississippian 6735: 6731: 6721: 6718: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6705: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6677: 6674: 6673: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6661:Menard-Hodges 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6613: 6611: 6605: 6599: 6598:Swallow Bluff 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6525: 6523: 6519:Tennessee and 6517: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6442: 6440: 6436: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6389:Marshall Site 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6363: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6251: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6230: 6226: 6223: 6221:Mississippian 6217: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6202: 6199: 6195: 6190: 6181: 6176: 6174: 6169: 6167: 6162: 6161: 6158: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6105: 6104: 6101: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6056: 6054: 6050: 6043: 6040: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6020: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6008: 6005: 6002: 5999: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5990:Morgan Mounds 5988: 5985: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5957: 5954: 5951: 5950:Gibson Mounds 5948: 5945: 5942: 5939: 5936: 5933: 5932:Clovelly Site 5930: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5906: 5903: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5883: 5876: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5860:Venable Mound 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5785:Insley Mounds 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5765:Flowery Mound 5763: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5701: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5686: 5683: 5679: 5675: 5670: 5661: 5656: 5654: 5649: 5647: 5642: 5641: 5638: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5595:Steuben point 5593: 5590: 5589: 5586: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5531: 5529: 5525: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5467:Clampitt Site 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5427: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5412: 5409: 5405: 5400: 5391: 5386: 5384: 5379: 5377: 5372: 5371: 5368: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5305: 5304: 5301: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5261: 5259: 5255: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5220: 5218: 5214: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5202:Yearwood site 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5126: 5124: 5122: 5118: 5112: 5111:Pinson Mounds 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5096:Ingomar Mound 5094: 5092: 5089: 5088: 5086: 5084: 5080: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5055: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5027: 5025: 5023: 5019: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4952: 4950: 4946: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4926:Goodall focus 4923: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4886:Cleiman Mound 4884: 4882: 4879: 4878: 4876: 4874: 4870: 4865: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4809:Pollock Works 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4714:Ety Enclosure 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4681: 4679: 4677:Ohio Hopewell 4675: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4650: 4647: 4643: 4638: 4629: 4624: 4622: 4617: 4615: 4610: 4609: 4606: 4594: 4586: 4585: 4582: 4576: 4573: 4572: 4570: 4568:Indiana sites 4566: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4544:Neibert Mound 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4500: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4460: 4458: 4454: 4449: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4219: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4194: 4191: 4187: 4186:Adena Culture 4182: 4173: 4168: 4166: 4161: 4159: 4154: 4153: 4150: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4126: 4123: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4016:Falcon dancer 4014: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3980: 3977: 3976: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3956: 3954: 3952:Miscellaneous 3950: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3923:Melbourne Man 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3913:La Brea Woman 3911: 3909: 3908:Kennewick Man 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3890: 3888: 3882: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3800:Serpent Mound 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3758: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3750:Pueblo Bonito 3748: 3746: 3745:Poverty Point 3743: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3730:Pinson Mounds 3728: 3726: 3723: 3721: 3720:Painted Bluff 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3601: 3600:Horr's Island 3598: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3530:Effigy Mounds 3528: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3495:Crystal River 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3414: 3408: 3407:Weeden Island 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3372:Safety Harbor 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3362:Poverty Point 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3342:Paleo-Indians 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3310: 3306: 3305: 3304: 3303:Mississippian 3301: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3281: 3277: 3276: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3151: 3149: 3143: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3122: 3119: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3110: 3105: 3104: 3101: 3097: 3090: 3085: 3083: 3078: 3076: 3071: 3070: 3067: 3061: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3042: 3039: 3035: 3034: 3029: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2989: 2988: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2973: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2952: 2949: 2945: 2944:Thomas, Cyrus 2942: 2938: 2932: 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The 987: 983: 979: 974: 972: 968: 967:Caleb Atwater 964: 960: 958: 954: 949: 947: 936: 934: 929: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 905: 903: 899: 895: 890: 887: 883: 878: 876: 872: 868: 857: 855: 851: 847: 843: 839: 834: 828: 821:Disappearance 818: 816: 812: 808: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 783: 778: 777:Emerald Mound 774: 770: 766: 760: 753: 749: 744: 735: 733: 732:West Virginia 729: 725: 719: 712: 707: 698: 696: 692: 688: 684: 679: 673: 665: 661: 656: 647: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 624: 618: 611: 607: 602: 593: 591: 587: 583: 582:Crystal River 578: 574: 570: 569:West Virginia 566: 562: 561:Adena culture 558: 553: 551: 544: 543:Adena culture 540: 536: 532: 527: 517: 515: 511: 510:Horr's Island 507: 504: 500: 494: 490: 488: 487:Poverty Point 484: 479: 475: 471: 465: 461: 460:Poverty Point 456: 449: 444: 439: 424: 422: 418: 414: 409: 405: 401: 398:, written by 397: 396: 388: 387: 382: 377: 368: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 335: 331: 329: 325: 317: 312: 308: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 278: 274: 269: 260: 258: 254: 253:Serpent Mound 250: 249:effigy mounds 242: 238: 237:Serpent Mound 233: 229: 227: 223: 219: 214: 212: 208: 204: 196: 191: 182: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 151: 149: 145: 140: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 105:Horr's Island 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 81:pre-Columbian 74: 70: 67: 66:pre-Columbian 63: 59: 56: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 9843:wedge-shaped 9828:Funeral pyre 9821:Great dolmen 9777:Chamber tomb 9764: 9758:Round barrow 9713:Stone circle 9585:Blombos Cave 9513:Grooved ware 9437:Chalcolithic 9341:Thornborough 9259:Flush toilet 9194:Blombos Cave 9189:Rock shelter 9145:Quiggly hole 9037:Architecture 9012:illustration 8654:Buffalo jump 8475:Storage pits 8438:Aşıklı Höyük 8428:Ground stone 8264:Subdivisions 8176:Oliver phase 8161:Cole culture 8080:Buckner site 8071:Madisonville 8021:Gartner site 8011:Baldwin site 7942: 7872: 7863:Chevron bead 7769:Burial mound 7663:Shell gorget 7631:Spiro plates 7626:Rogan plates 7445:Knoll Spring 7420:Hartley Fort 7380:Beattie Park 7264:Transylvania 7102:Bottle Creek 7064:Lake Jackson 6946:Pisgah phase 6876:Little Egypt 6826:Garden Creek 6811:Dallas phase 6698:Tipton phase 6676:Nodena phase 6573:Mound Bottom 6558:Fewkes Group 6543:Brick Church 6445:Angel Mounds 6311:Kuhn Station 6306:John Chapman 6084:Maberry Site 6074:Dogtown Site 6059:Baytown Site 5995:Pecan Mounds 5984:Machias Lake 5840:Spanish Fort 5825:Raffman site 5559:Oliver phase 5503:Ormond Mound 5414: 5330:Effigy mound 5320:burial mound 5172:Leake Mounds 5106:Pharr Mounds 5058:Crooks Mound 4934:Goodall site 4764:Keiter Mound 4729:Fort Ancient 4709:Ellis Mounds 4689:Benham Mound 4662: 4519:Cresap Mound 4514:Cotiga Mound 4258:Coon Hunters 4233:Austin Brown 4206: 4116:Water glyphs 4071:Oasisamerica 4061:N.A.G.P.R.A. 4055: 4021:Folsom point 4011:Effigy mound 3991:Clovis point 3959:Aridoamerica 3860:Wickiup Hill 3815:Spiro Mounds 3795:Salmon Ruins 3790:Russell Cave 3585:Helen Blazes 3580:Grimes Point 3560:Fort Juelson 3550:Fort Ancient 3525:El Vallecito 3485:Chaco Canyon 3425:Angel Mounds 3387:Steed-Kisker 3337:Paleo-Arctic 3259:Glacial Kame 3244:Fort Ancient 3136:Post-Classic 3107: 3031: 2986: 2971: 2962: 2947: 2922: 2902:September 1, 2900:. 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Retrieved 1689:Archaeo News 1688: 1679: 1671: 1651: 1646: 1638: 1633: 1625: 1620: 1611: 1605: 1596: 1496: 1479:Cyrus Thomas 1471: 1466: 1452: 1442: 1436: 1423: 1407: 1367: 1342: 1323: 1312: 1296:Mesoamerican 1288: 1272: 1250: 1245: 1239: 1213: 1204: 1199: 1180: 994: 975: 970: 965: 961: 950: 942: 930: 917:Ofo language 912: 908: 906: 891: 879: 863: 853: 849: 845: 841: 830: 762: 721: 675: 620: 556: 554: 547: 514:Marco Island 508: 495: 491: 474:Watson Brake 472: 468: 448:Watson Brake 393: 391: 384: 343: 333: 321: 305:Cofitachequi 289:conquistador 282: 246: 243:, April 1890 240: 215: 200: 152: 144:Watson Brake 141: 97:Watson Brake 84: 78: 36: 9865:unchambered 9860:Long barrow 9850:Grave goods 9806:Court cairn 9801:Clava cairn 9753:Bowl barrow 9691:Rock cupule 9634:Golden hats 9627:Hill figure 9528:Unstan ware 9508:Cord-marked 9373:Sweet Track 9295:Burnt mound 9216:Stilt house 9204:Sibudu Cave 8997:Tally stick 8965:Quern-stone 8950:Hammerstone 8940:Fire plough 8911:Pesse canoe 8869:Bannerstone 8839:Other tools 8752:Lithic core 8700:Aurignacian 8588:Bare Island 8470:Quern-stone 8135:Turpin site 8110:Larkin site 8095:Clover site 8062:Hobson site 8035:Feurt Focus 7838:Thunderbird 7764:Black drink 7616:Emmons mask 7560:Chenopodium 7548:Agriculture 7470:Plum Island 7425:Hotel Plaza 7274:Winterville 7254:Scott Place 7192:Holly Bluff 7112:Fort Walton 6866:Lamar phase 6720:Walls phase 6616:Belle Meade 6609:Mississippi 6553:Dunbar Cave 6455:Annis Mound 6450:Angel phase 6424:Ware Mounds 6419:Twin Mounds 6269:Ramey state 6254:Monks Mound 6094:Roland Site 5820:Peck Mounds 5810:Mott Mounds 5760:Fisher site 5674:Coles Creek 5473:Fisher site 5469:(12-LR-329) 5462:Brokaw Site 5315:Black drink 5187:Pierce Site 5101:Miller Site 4967:Duncan Farm 4911:Wilson site 4891:Hubele site 4534:Grave Creek 4483:Mount Horeb 4428:Wolf Plains 4408:David Stitt 4363:Carl Potter 4328:Luthor List 4278:Great Mound 4101:Thunderbird 3969:Black drink 3933:Peñon woman 3870:Winterville 3850:Velda Mound 3830:Taos Pueblo 3725:Parkin Park 3710:Orwell site 3695:Nodena site 3590:Holly Bluff 3565:Four Mounds 3555:Fort Center 3480:Casa Grande 3430:Anzick site 3322:Monongahela 3249:Fort Walton 3224:Coles Creek 3189:Belle Glade 3174:Anishinaabe 2450:Squier 1849 1984:October 20, 1955:October 20, 1746:, pp. 73–74 1733:, pp. 69–76 1600:Squier p. 1 1395:monogenesis 1255:antiquarian 1220:Mesopotamia 1041:Nancy Raven 933:Beaver Wars 811:Chitimachan 786:Holly Bluff 782:Winterville 769:Medora site 664:Monks Mound 640:Mississippi 550:Fort Center 499:Bayou Macon 432:Archaic era 408:Smithsonian 322:The artist 273:Parkin site 241:The Century 218:Monks Mound 129:Great Lakes 73:Mesoamerica 44:Monks Mound 10073:Categories 10004:trepanning 9897:Ring cairn 9855:Jar burial 9838:transepted 9770:U.S. sites 9671:Petroglyph 9597:Bird stone 9555:wine press 9228:Stone roof 9211:Roundhouse 9103:long house 9080:Stonehenge 9048:Ceremonial 8992:Stone tool 8819:Tool stone 8789:Metallurgy 8693:Mousterian 8670:Toolmaking 8608:Cumberland 8581:Transverse 8551:Schöningen 8443:Qesem cave 8411:Earth oven 8365:Irrigation 8276:Technology 8244:Prehistory 8085:Clay Mound 7999:Baum Focus 7575:Marshelder 7460:Oak Forest 7430:Hoxie Farm 7244:Pocahontas 7137:Plaquemine 7074:Letchworth 7006:Town Creek 6941:Park Mound 6906:Moundville 6891:Mandeville 6881:Long Swamp 6841:Jere Shine 6693:Quigualtam 6641:Chucalissa 6528:Backusburg 6521:Cumberland 6510:Yankeetown 6495:Slack Farm 6470:Ellerbusch 6374:Adams site 6281:Cloverdale 6079:Hayes site 5453:(12 MA 61) 5451:Bowen Site 5294:Sea shells 5207:Yent Mound 4794:Oak Mounds 4529:Goff Mound 4493:Round Hill 4478:Mound Hill 4423:Williamson 4403:Spruce Run 4338:Miamisburg 4221:Ohio sites 4046:Metallurgy 4006:Eden point 3903:Buhl Woman 3775:Rock Eagle 3765:River Styx 3690:Mummy Cave 3685:Moundville 3665:Mesa Verde 3650:Marksville 3397:Tchefuncte 3357:Plaquemine 3293:Las Palmas 3209:Calf Creek 3204:Cades Pond 2925:. Athens: 2497:, pg. 179; 1911:. p. 1588:References 1499:Walam Olum 1493:Walam Olum 1259:earthworks 1193:, and the 886:Ohio River 825:See also: 724:Ohio River 687:Moundville 427:Chronology 133:Ohio River 10048:symbolism 9912:Tor cairn 9870:Grønsalen 9811:Cremation 9703:Sculpture 9681:Pictogram 9666:Petroform 9486:amber use 9454:Cosmetics 9264:Reservoir 9249:Check dam 9179:Pueblitos 9174:Pit-house 9157:Longhouse 9091:Dwellings 8960:Microlith 8891:Bow drill 8886:Bone tool 8879:prismatic 8688:Acheulean 8603:Cresswell 8576:Arrowhead 8502:Boomerang 8418:Granaries 8380:Terracing 8259:Stone Age 8016:Baum Site 7971:Kemp site 7966:Hine site 7704:Muskogean 7677:Languages 7590:Sunflower 7450:Mero site 7385:Blood Run 7039:Apalachee 6986:Summerour 6926:Nacoochee 6683:Owl Creek 6578:Riverview 6568:Link Farm 6460:Bone Bank 6414:Turk Site 6409:Towosahgy 6274:Woodhenge 6038:(16IV128) 6025:Sims site 5958:(16SMY10) 5946:(16IB123) 5940:(16VM112) 5710:Aden site 5488:Man Mound 5478:Hoye Site 5446:Book site 5436:Baum Site 5289:Pipestone 4896:Mann site 4684:Beam Farm 4468:Gaitskill 4378:D.S. Rose 4243:Beam Farm 4091:Stickball 3780:Rock Hawk 3610:Key Marco 3402:Troyville 3382:St. Johns 3367:Red Ocher 3126:Formative 2897:133844936 2741:April 14, 2226:" (1832) 1540:Petroform 1449:Wisconsin 1382:plumb-bob 1263:lost race 1236:Mulekites 1232:Lamanites 1224:Jaredites 1013:Chickasaw 921:Muskogean 913:Offogoula 898:Mosopelea 871:influenza 632:Louisiana 355:, as did 211:Louisiana 167:Mosopelea 69:earthwork 9686:Rock art 9649:painting 9622:Geoglyph 9447:timeline 9427:Beadwork 9167:Mehrgarh 9162:Mudbrick 9070:megalith 8945:Fire-saw 8767:debitage 8762:analysis 8730:Hand axe 8710:Cupstone 8288:Glossary 8249:Timeline 7952:Anderson 7811:Red Horn 7779:Chanunpa 7757:Northern 7745:Religion 7726:Timucuan 7694:Cherokee 7480:Schwerdt 7440:Juntunen 7415:Griesmer 7358:cultures 7311:Bluffton 7197:Jaketown 7162:Fitzhugh 7016:Wilbanks 6996:Tomotley 6971:Savannah 6936:Ocmulgee 6916:Mulberry 6851:Joe Bell 6771:Biltmore 6766:Bessemer 6631:Campbell 6593:Old Town 6399:Orr-Herl 6336:Orendorf 6331:Mitchell 6264:Mound 72 6259:Mound 34 6244:Big Eddy 6069:Coy Site 6032:(16SB50) 6021:(16IV13) 6015:(16TR82) 6003:(16AS16) 5997:(16SM37) 5980:(16SJ51) 5969:(16CM22) 5934:(16LF64) 5907:(16SMY7) 5901:(16TR78) 5549:Manahoac 5527:Cultures 5284:Obsidian 4593:Category 4333:McDaniel 4318:Karshner 4248:Clemmons 3979:Chanunpa 3964:Ballgame 3943:Vero man 3893:Anzick-1 3865:Windover 3825:SunWatch 3755:Rassawek 3575:Glenwood 3465:Brewster 3317:Mogollon 3288:La Jolla 3274:Hopewell 3234:Deptford 3147:cultures 3005:Archived 2825:(1953). 2638:Dan West 2629:July 25, 2598:July 25, 2228:Archived 2194:Archived 2113:(2005). 1901:(1995). 1529:See also 1519:Egyptian 1364:Keystone 1228:Nephites 1191:Atlantis 1037:Oklahoma 875:immunity 867:smallpox 860:Diseases 728:Kentucky 636:Oklahoma 628:chiefdom 577:Illinois 483:pyramids 417:Kentucky 337:— 161:and the 46:, built 10043:Symbols 9654:pigment 9540:Weaving 9503:Cardium 9498:Pottery 9493:Mirrors 9481:Jewelry 9422:Baskets 9402:culture 9254:Cistern 9060:Pyramid 9002:Weapons 8980:Scraper 8970:Racloir 8930:Cleaver 8918:Chopper 8824:Uniface 8735:Grooves 8725:Hafting 8683:Oldowan 8642:Systems 8593:Cascade 8556:woomera 8546:harpoon 8519:history 8485:Hunting 8465:Pottery 8406:Cooking 8315:Farming 8281:history 8254:Outline 7786:Chunkey 7731:Tunican 7709:Natchez 7684:Caddoan 7658:Pottery 7609:Artwork 7600:Tobacco 7580:Pumpkin 7541:Culture 7395:Fifield 7326:Gahagan 7301:Belcher 7286:Caddoan 7269:Venable 7232:Natchez 7217:Mazique 7172:Fosters 7167:Flowery 7157:Emerald 7034:Anhaica 6991:Taskigi 6956:Rembert 6931:Nikwasi 6896:McMahan 6871:Liddell 6746:Adamson 6656:Janet's 6646:Denmark 6621:Boone's 6583:Sellars 6490:Prather 6249:Cahokia 6239:Aztalan 6125:Natchez 6044:(16LF4) 6009:(16SM5) 5986:(16SB2) 5952:(16TR5) 5928:(16IV4) 5885:Coastal 4799:Orators 4438:Zaleski 4368:Raleigh 4358:Orators 4313:Jackson 4283:Hartley 4273:Fortner 4238:Arledge 4128:Related 3986:Chunkey 3886:remains 3875:Wupatki 3715:Paquime 3605:Huápoca 3470:Cahokia 3440:Bastian 3347:Patayan 3269:Hohokam 3254:Fremont 3229:Comondú 3184:Baytown 3179:Avonlea 3159:Alachua 3131:Classic 3121:Archaic 3109:Periods 2706:YouTube 2574:May 17, 2523:, 176; 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