514:. These bluebirds benefited from the westward spread of logging and grazing in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the clearing of forest created open habitat for foraging. The subsequent waning of these industries, coupled with the deliberate suppression of wildfires, led to a dwindling of open acreage in the West and the decline of the species. More recently, as land-use practices have stabilized, so have Mountain Bluebird populations. Construction of nest boxes in suitable habitat has also provided a population boost. Populations are declining in areas where trees are too small to provide natural nesting cavities, and where forest and agricultural management practices have reduced the availability of suitable nest sites. Among birds that nest in cavities but cannot excavate them on their own, competition is high for nest sites. Mountain, Western, and more recently Eastern bluebirds compete for nest boxes where their ranges overlap. House Sparrows, European Starlings, and House Wrens also compete fiercely with bluebirds for nest cavities.
400:
build their nest themselves out of thin, dry material from the surrounding landscape while the male protects the area, defending against unwelcome visitors. It is true, though, that both males and females fiercely protect the nest. Once the nest is built, the female will lay an egg a day. Eggs are pale blue and unmarked, sometimes white. The clutch size is four or five eggs and she will incubate them for about two weeks. Young are naked and helpless at hatching and may have some down. The young will usually take about 21 days before they leave the nest, and it can take up to two months to raise fledglings to a stage of development at which they are able to fend and provide for themselves.
216:
389:
94:
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45:
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plumage, the female's throat and breast are tinged with red-orange which is brownish near the flank, contrasting with white tail underparts. Their call is a thin 'few' while their song is a warbled high 'chur chur'. The mountain bluebird is the state bird of Idaho and Nevada. This bird is an omnivore and it can live 6 to 10 years in the wild. It eats spiders, grasshoppers, flies and other insects, and small fruits. The mountain bluebird is a relative of the
69:
2925:
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31:
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2913:
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somewhat lighter blue underneath but with a white lower belly. An adult female has duller blue wings and tail, grey breast, grey crown, throat and back. In fresh fall plumage, the female's throat and breast are brownish near the flank, contrasting with white tail underparts. Their call is a thin 'few'; while their song is warbled high 'chur chur'.
489:
ground and fly down to catch insects, also flying from a perch to catch them. The first technique takes up to 8 times the energy of sitting on a perch and waiting. They may forage in flocks in winter, looking for grasshoppers. Mountain
Bluebirds will come to a platform feeder with live meal worms, berries, or peanuts.
488:
During the summer, the diet of
Mountain bluebirds predominately consists of insects; while, in the winter months they eat mostly berries (like Juniper berries, Russian-olive berries, elderberry, etc.) and fruit seeds (such as mistletoe seeds and grapes, just to name a few). These birds hover over the
399:
Mountain bluebirds nest in pre-existing cavities or in nest boxes. In remote areas, these birds are less affected by competition for natural nesting locations than other bluebirds. Mountain bluebirds are monogamous. After the couple decides together on an ideal nesting site, the female will typically
526:
and disease. Another study found that when nest boxes were set up in areas near industrial noise and in quiet control areas, there was a lower occupancy of the mountain bluebird at noisy sites, presumably because the noise reduces hatching success. Hatching success may be reduced in noisy areas as a
284:
that is found in mountainous districts of western North
America. It has a light underbelly and black eyes. Adult males have thin bills and are bright turquoise-blue and somewhat lighter underneath. Adult females have duller blue wings and tail, grey breast, grey crown, throat and back. In fresh fall
374:
Their breeding habitat is open country across western North
America, including mountainous areas, as far north as Alaska. Although mountain bluebirds can be found in some states year-round, their range is expansive — they generally migrate south to Mexico in the winter and north into western Canada
365:
The mountain bluebird is 15.5–18 cm (6.1–7.1 in) in length, weighs 24–37 g (0.85–1.31 oz), and has a wingspan of 11.0-14.2 in (28-36 cm). It is sexually dimorphic in the color of the plumage but the sexes are similar in size. An adult male is bright turquoise-blue above and
509:
Mountain bluebirds are fairly common, but populations declined by about 26% between 1966 and 2014, according to the North
American Breeding Bird Survey. Partners in Flight estimates the global breeding population of 4.6 million, with 80% spending some part of the year in the U.S., 20% breeding in
403:
Mountain bluebirds are cavity nesters and can become very partial to a nest box, especially if they have successfully raised a clutch. They may even reuse the same nest, though not always. These birds will not abandon a nest if human activity is detected close by or at the nest. Because of this,
531:
behavior by females. Female bluebirds that leave the nest more frequently expose their eggs to fluctuations in incubation time and temperature. This increases predation risk of these eggs and reduces incubation time, resulting in fewer eggs successfully hatching.
1324:
521:
levels in adults and nestlings, increased acute (stress-induced) corticosterone levels, and reduced fitness. The combined effect of decreased baseline and increased acute corticosterone may reduce the fitness of these birds by making them susceptible to
375:
and even Alaska in the summer. Depending on the time of year, they may be ubiquitous in mountain environments like grasslands or landscapes of sagebrush, where trees and shrubs are fairly spread out.
501:
of Idaho and Nevada. More generally, the bluebird has lived in writers' and poets' imaginations as age-old bearers of joy and reverie. The
Twitter bird is based on the mountain bluebird.
517:
Industrial noise from natural gas wells can have a negative effect on breeding mountain bluebirds. When mountain bluebirds were exposed to this noise, it caused decreased baseline
510:
Canada, and 31% wintering in Mexico. The species rates an 8 out of 20 on the
Continental Concern Score. Mountain Bluebird is a U.S.-Canada Stewardship species, and is not on the
921:
408:
while they are still in the nest. The threats of predation for those that dwell in nesting boxes are mostly from house cats, raccoons, and the parasitic blowfly,
3380:
1067:"Correction for Kleist et al., Chronic anthropogenic noise disrupts glucocorticoid signaling and has multiple effects on fitness in an avian community"
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3223:
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989:
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899:
735:
3241:
1137:"Sound settlement: noise surpasses land cover in explaining breeding habitat selection of secondary cavity-nesting birds"
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The male can be seen singing from bare branches. The singing takes place right at dawn, just when the sun rises.
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1311:
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1485:
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1037:
3370:
3288:
3166:
1821:
1803:
1316:
498:
438:
93:
3267:
1826:
442:
1500:
756:"A synopsis of the birds discovered in Mexico by W. Bullock, F.L.S. and Mr. William Bullock jun"
3228:
3089:
3005:
2917:
1793:
1605:
1555:
3254:
1135:
Kleist, Nathan J.; Guralnick, Robert P.; Cruz, Alexander; Francis, Clinton D. (January 2017).
336:
meaning "resembling". The mountain bluebird is now placed with the two other bluebirds in the
3189:
1630:
751:
634:
568:
346:
256:
188:
3319:
997:
946:"Winter feeding habits of the mountain bluebird (Sialia currucoides) in northern New Mexico"
3094:
3068:
3063:
2258:
1148:
1078:
822:
8:
1788:
1680:
1620:
1565:
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58:
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1595:
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329:
245:
88:
3314:
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2594:
1737:
1727:
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1405:
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1260:
1174:
1166:
1114:
1096:
953:
895:
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695:(in German). Vol. 3, Part 2. NĂĽrnberg: A.C. Weigels and Schneiders. p. 546.
3332:
755:
715:. Vol. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 85.
710:
690:
642:
3130:
2563:
1705:
1377:
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891:
644:
Fauna boreali-americana, or, The zoology of the northern parts of
British America
2993:
2981:
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2615:
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2476:
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1655:
1650:
1645:
1625:
1610:
1505:
1480:
1475:
1457:
1338:
1240:
823:"Mountain Bluebird Identification, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology"
518:
277:
796:
771:
388:
3349:
3249:
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2750:
2742:
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155:
78:
73:
1091:
649:
The title page bears the year 1831 but the volume did not appear until 1832.
44:
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1992:
1953:
1722:
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957:
350:
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846:
Johnson, L. Scott; Dawson, Russell D. (2020). Rodewald, P.G. (ed.).
427:
30:
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2005:
1752:
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125:
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2031:
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2455:
2395:
2279:
2217:
2100:
1767:
1762:
1640:
341:
115:
647:. Vol. Part 2. The Birds. London: J. Murray. p. 209.
3138:
2705:
2492:
2055:
337:
2681:
2048:
2011:
1981:
1395:
1361:
581:
135:
1134:
2803:
1660:
1422:
976:
Georgia State Bird
Mountain Bluebird Sialia currucoides
587:
2953:
787:
1952:
847:
633:
613:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22708556A137560639.en
915:
913:
911:
3347:
1245:"The Birds of North and Middle America, Part IV"
1071:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
860:. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
681:
908:
692:Johann Lathams allgemeine Uebersicht der Vögel
527:result of increased distraction and increased
345:that was introduced by the English naturalist
1346:
1249:Bulletin of the United States National Museum
845:
1860:
728:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
1301:Mountain Bluebird Information and Awareness
1206:"Nest site selection in mountain bluebirds"
943:
705:
456:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
369:
1353:
1339:
996:. Val-U-Corp Services, Inc. Archived from
944:Burnett, Kassidy; Fair, Jeanne M. (2008).
214:
67:
43:
29:
3381:Native birds of the Western United States
1160:
1108:
1090:
730:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 125.
611:
492:
476:Learn how and when to remove this message
392:Can be a powder blue or have a gray chest
750:
387:
1360:
725:
709:; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1964).
378:
3348:
885:
504:
3004:
3003:
1845:
1334:
1130:
1128:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1017:
919:
803:. International Ornithologists' Union
783:
781:
3203:mountain-bluebird-sialia-currucoides
2912:
994:Nevada State Bird, mountain bluebird
454:adding citations to reliable sources
421:
305:in 1798 by the German ornithologist
3376:Native birds of the Rocky Mountains
3356:IUCN Red List least concern species
2936:
839:
599:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
13:
1204:Herlugson, Christopher J. (1981).
1197:
1191:All About Birds: Mountain Bluebird
1125:
1054:
950:United States Department of Energy
778:
658:
535:
512:2014 State of the Birds Watch List
14:
3402:
1814:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
1294:
2987:
2975:
2963:
2935:
2923:
2911:
2900:
2899:
2790:(New World vultures and condors)
1018:Rehak, Melanie (8 August 2014).
801:IOC World Bird List Version 10.2
712:Check-List of Birds of the World
426:
313:. The specific epithet combines
92:
1325:Mountain bluebird photo gallery
1306:North American Bluebird Society
1030:
1011:
982:
964:
937:
879:
588:BirdLife International (2019).
311:Motacilla s. Sylvia currucoides
1846:
815:
744:
719:
699:
675:
652:
627:
360:
1:
1020:"Who Made That Twitter Bird?"
574:
497:The mountain bluebird is the
1327:at VIREO (Drexel University)
1193:, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
886:Sibley, David Allen (2016).
7:
2854:(woodpeckers and relatives)
562:
383:
296:
10:
3407:
2716:(cormorants and relatives)
1809:Extinct species since 1500
1257:Government Printing Office
933:: 1–4 – via OskiCat.
726:Jobling, James A. (2010).
687:Bechstein, Johann Matthäus
417:
301:The mountain bluebird was
3012:
2895:
2846:(kingfishers and rollers)
2778:
2733:
2700:(albatrosses and petrels)
2672:
2643:
2614:
2593:
2584:(swifts and hummingbirds)
2566:(nightjars and relatives)
2554:
2517:
2508:
2475:
2438:
2429:
2420:
2416:
2390:(pheasants and relatives)
2365:
2289:
2248:
2186:
2158:
2134:
2110:
2083:
2004:
1991:
1948:
1921:
1917:
1856:
1852:
1841:
1837:
1776:
1679:
1579:
1529:
1456:
1386:
1373:
1312:"Mountain bluebird media"
930:Canadian Wildlife Service
772:10.1080/14786442708674330
606:: e.T22708556A137560639.
307:Johann Matthäus Bechstein
254:Erythaca (Sialia) arctica
251:
244:
222:
213:
194:
187:
89:Scientific classification
87:
65:
56:
51:
42:
37:
28:
23:
2745:(seriemas and relatives)
2724:(pelicans and relatives)
1317:Internet Bird Collection
1077:(9): E2145. 2018-02-20.
370:Distribution and habitat
349:in 1827. The species is
3386:Birds described in 1798
2838:(hornbills and hoopoes)
2753:(falcons and relatives)
1141:Ecological Applications
1092:10.1073/pnas.1801328115
332:with the Ancient Greek
3366:Native birds of Alaska
2822:(trogons and quetzals)
2634:(cranes and relatives)
1904:(emus and cassowaries)
1794:Glossary of bird terms
1606:Confuciusornithiformes
960:– via EBSCOhost.
760:Philosophical Magazine
752:Swainson, William John
635:Swainson, William John
493:Relationship to humans
393:
233: Year-round range
2663:(kagu and sunbittern)
2626:(gulls and relatives)
1631:Songlingornithiformes
1596:Omnivoropterygiformes
1042:www.allaboutbirds.org
920:Scott, Lorne (1996).
866:10.2173/bow.moublu.01
827:www.allaboutbirds.org
569:Bluebird of happiness
391:
347:William John Swainson
239: Wintering range
2485:Phoenicopteriformes
849:"Mountain Bluebird (
450:improve this section
379:Behavior and ecology
227: Breeding range
2456:Mesitornithiformes
2450:(doves and pigeons)
1784:Families and orders
1646:Ichthyornithiformes
1621:Patagopterygiformes
1153:2017EcoAp..27..260K
1083:2018PNAS..115E2145.
1038:"Mountain Bluebird"
990:"Nevada State Bird"
922:"Mountain Bluebird"
661:"Mountain Bluebird"
505:Conservation status
404:they can be easily
309:and given the name
180:S. currucoides
59:Conservation status
3333:Sialia-currucoides
3069:Sialia_currucoides
3044:Sialia currucoides
3014:Sialia currucoides
2798:(eagles and hawks)
2698:Procellariiformes
2603:Opisthocomiformes
2572:Steatornithiformes
1799:List by population
1636:Hongshanornithidae
1561:Evolution of birds
972:"Idaho State Bird"
858:Birds of the World
851:Sialia currucoides
791:; Donsker, David;
592:Sialia currucoides
394:
330:lesser whitethroat
303:formally described
273:Sialia currucoides
198:Sialia currucoides
24:Mountain bluebird
3391:Symbols of Nevada
3343:
3342:
3315:Open Tree of Life
3190:mountain-bluebird
3006:Taxon identifiers
2951:
2950:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2684:(loons or divers)
2653:Phaethontiformes
2645:Phaethontimorphae
2595:Opisthocomiformes
2564:Caprimulgiformes
2504:
2503:
2493:Podicipediformes
2412:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2130:
2129:
1913:
1912:
1870:Struthioniformes
1738:Waterfowl hunting
1671:Gastornithiformes
1666:Aepyornithiformes
1656:Lithornithiformes
901:978-0-307-95792-4
888:Sibley Birds West
793:Rasmussen, Pamela
737:978-1-4081-2501-4
486:
485:
478:
326:Motacilla curruca
268:mountain bluebird
264:
263:
82:
3398:
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3322:
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3309:
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3296:
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3257:
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3082:97B870B4D154F7DB
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2939:
2938:
2927:
2915:
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2903:
2902:
2855:
2847:
2839:
2831:
2828:Leptosomiformes
2823:
2815:
2807:
2799:
2796:Accipitriformes
2791:
2770:
2769:(perching birds)
2762:
2754:
2746:
2725:
2717:
2709:
2701:
2693:
2690:Sphenisciformes
2685:
2664:
2656:
2635:
2627:
2624:Charadriiformes
2606:
2585:
2567:
2546:
2538:
2535:Musophagiformes
2530:
2515:
2514:
2496:
2488:
2467:
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2015:
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1858:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1706:Bird collections
1661:Dinornithiformes
1566:Darwin's finches
1556:Origin of flight
1496:Seabird breeding
1486:Sexual selection
1355:
1348:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1321:
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1236:
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1164:
1162:10.1002/eap.1437
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979:
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926:
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906:
905:
890:. New York, NY:
883:
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656:
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648:
631:
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622:
620:
615:
585:
552:Eastern bluebird
542:Western bluebird
481:
474:
470:
467:
461:
430:
422:
357:are recognised.
238:
232:
226:
218:
200:
97:
96:
76:
71:
70:
47:
33:
21:
20:
3406:
3405:
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3397:
3396:
3395:
3371:Birds of Canada
3346:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3331:
3326:
3318:
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3302:Observation.org
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2986:
2974:
2964:
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2947:
2859:
2853:
2845:
2837:
2836:Bucerotiformes
2830:(cuckoo-roller)
2829:
2821:
2813:
2805:
2797:
2789:
2788:Cathartiformes
2774:
2768:
2760:
2759:Psittaciformes
2752:
2744:
2729:
2723:
2722:Pelecaniformes
2715:
2707:
2699:
2691:
2683:
2668:
2662:
2661:Eurypygiformes
2654:
2639:
2633:
2625:
2610:
2604:
2589:
2583:
2565:
2550:
2544:
2536:
2528:
2500:
2494:
2486:
2471:
2465:
2464:Pterocliformes
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2376:
2361:
2285:
2244:
2182:
2147:
2146:
2139:
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1902:Casuariiformes
1895:
1894:Apterygiformes
1887:
1879:
1871:
1848:
1833:
1804:Lists by region
1772:
1682:
1675:
1616:Chaoyangiformes
1601:Jeholornithidae
1575:
1539:Origin of birds
1525:
1506:Brood parasites
1452:
1382:
1369:
1359:
1310:
1297:
1285:
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1241:Ridgway, Robert
1239:
1225:10.2307/1367317
1208:
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1200:
1198:Further reading
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894:. p. 344.
892:Alfred A. Knopf
884:
880:
870:
868:
853:), version 1.0"
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795:, eds. (2020).
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659:Lepage, Denis.
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546:Sialia mexicana
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536:Similar species
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411:Apaulina stalia
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16:Species of bird
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11:
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3404:
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3373:
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3194:
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3135:
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2860:
2858:
2857:
2849:
2844:Coraciiformes
2841:
2833:
2825:
2820:Trogoniformes
2817:
2809:
2801:
2793:
2784:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2767:Passeriformes
2764:
2756:
2751:Falconiformes
2748:
2743:Cariamiformes
2739:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2719:
2711:
2706:Ciconiiformes
2703:
2695:
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2477:Mirandornithes
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2070:Stictonettinae
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1818:Notable birds
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1651:Hesperornithes
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1626:Ambiortiformes
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1295:External links
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2655:(tropicbirds)
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2617:
2613:
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2577:Podargiformes
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2568:
2562:
2561:
2559:
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2547:
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1886:Tinamiformes
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323:binomial name
320:
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41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3013:
2940:
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2916:
2904:
2814:(mousebirds)
2812:Coliiformes
2682:Gaviiformes
2674:Aequornithes
2582:Apodiformes
2543:Otidiformes
2519:Otidimorphae
2466:(sandgrouse)
2388:Phasianinae
2354:
2347:
2340:
2335:Odontophorus
2333:
2326:
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2230:
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2209:
2202:
2195:
2173:Oreophasinae
2119:
2099:
2092:
1997:(waterfowls)
1993:Anseriformes
1743:Cockfighting
1728:Conservation
1723:Bird feeding
1711:Birdwatching
1701:Ornithomancy
1641:Gansuiformes
1588:
1581:Fossil birds
1471:Intelligence
1315:
1284:. Retrieved
1252:
1248:
1216:
1212:
1144:
1140:
1074:
1070:
1045:. Retrieved
1041:
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1013:
1002:. Retrieved
998:the original
993:
984:
975:
966:
949:
939:
928:
887:
881:
871:11 September
869:. Retrieved
857:
850:
841:
830:. Retrieved
826:
817:
807:10 September
805:. Retrieved
800:
766:: 364–369 .
763:
759:
746:
727:
721:
711:
701:
691:
683:Latham, John
677:
667:11 September
665:. Retrieved
654:
643:
629:
617:. Retrieved
603:
597:
591:
583:
555:
545:
524:inflammation
516:
508:
496:
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472:
466:October 2018
463:
448:Please help
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166:
18:
3289:Neotropical
3263:NatureServe
3211:iNaturalist
3038:Wikispecies
2942:WikiProject
2852:Piciformes
2735:Australaves
2714:Suliformes
2632:Gruiformes
2487:(flamingos)
2396:Tetraoninae
2367:Phasianidae
2356:Rhynchortyx
2321:Dactylortyx
2188:Megapodidae
2178:Penelopinae
2136:Galliformes
1878:Rheiformes
1872:(ostriches)
1822:individuals
1696:Ornithology
1683:interaction
1438:Preen gland
1259:: 156–159.
978:. Netstate.
789:Gill, Frank
707:Mayr, Ernst
619:12 November
361:Description
293:bluebirds.
3350:Categories
3328:Xeno-canto
2692:(penguins)
2545:(bustards)
2383:Perdicinae
2328:Dendrortyx
2300:Callipepla
2232:Megapodius
2197:Aepypodius
2075:Tadorninae
2057:true geese
1888:(tinamous)
1847:Neornithes
1758:Pheasantry
1733:Aviculture
1501:Incubation
1491:Lek mating
1286:2023-11-19
1273:sf83008059
1047:2016-04-15
1004:2014-07-31
832:2020-09-29
797:"Thrushes"
575:References
499:state bird
355:subspecies
3361:Bluebirds
2761:(parrots)
2605:(hoatzin)
2556:Strisores
2537:(turacos)
2529:(cuckoos)
2458:(mesites)
2377:(turkeys)
2349:Philortyx
2266:Agelastes
2259:Acryllium
2250:Numididae
2239:Talegalla
2149:gamebirds
2142:landfowls
2121:Anseranas
2085:Anhimidae
2044:Anserinae
1827:fictional
1549:dinosaurs
1544:Theropoda
1531:Evolution
1476:Migration
1458:Behaviour
1265:0096-2961
1171:1051-0761
1101:0027-8424
663:. Avibase
529:vigilance
437:does not
351:monotypic
278:migratory
206:Bechstein
174:Species:
112:Kingdom:
106:Eukaryota
3268:2.104039
3255:22708556
3229:10458363
3095:22708556
3090:BirdLife
3023:Wikidata
2906:Category
2780:Afroaves
2708:(storks)
2510:Passerea
2495:(grebes)
2431:Columbea
2342:Oreortyx
2314:Cyrtonyx
2204:Alectura
2168:Cracinae
2160:Cracidae
2037:Oxyurini
2027:Aythyini
2022:Anatinae
2006:Anatidae
1753:Falconry
1716:big year
1571:Seabirds
1481:Foraging
1428:Feathers
1243:(1907).
1179:28052511
1119:29463740
754:(1827).
689:(1798).
641:(1831).
563:See also
384:Breeding
328:for the
297:Taxonomy
257:Swainson
246:Synonyms
156:Turdidae
152:Family:
126:Chordata
122:Phylum:
116:Animalia
102:Domain:
79:IUCN 3.1
3180:2490935
3077:Avibase
3029:Q819825
2994:Biology
2982:Animals
2956:Portals
2918:Commons
2422:Neoaves
2307:Colinus
2273:Guttera
2211:Eulipoa
2032:Mergini
1896:(kiwis)
1880:(rheas)
1691:Ringing
1516:Hybrids
1511:Nesting
1466:Singing
1443:Plumage
1418:Dactyly
1388:Anatomy
1378:Outline
1368:: Aves)
1281:7347186
1233:1367317
1149:Bibcode
1110:5834744
1079:Bibcode
458:removed
443:sources
418:Feeding
317:, from
315:curruca
291:western
287:eastern
276:) is a
208:, 1798)
162:Genus:
142:Order:
132:Class:
77: (
52:Female
3320:431648
3294:moublu
3281:311369
3242:179811
3187:GNAB:
3164:FEIS:
3152:EURING
3144:moublu
3118:moublu
3057:moublu
2930:Portal
2806:(owls)
2280:Numida
2218:Leipoa
2101:Chauna
2094:Anhima
1789:Genera
1763:Imping
1681:Human
1521:Colony
1448:Vision
1433:Flight
1279:
1271:
1263:
1231:
1213:Condor
1177:
1169:
1117:
1107:
1099:
958:964973
956:
898:
734:
406:banded
342:Sialia
334:-oidēs
282:thrush
280:small
237:
231:
225:
167:Sialia
3307:75992
3224:IRMNG
3216:12936
3157:11320
3139:eBird
3131:4X5FW
3115:BOW:
3108:16844
2970:Birds
2050:swans
2012:ducks
1982:fowls
1777:Lists
1401:Brain
1366:class
1362:Birds
1229:JSTOR
1209:(PDF)
925:(PDF)
353:: no
338:genus
259:1832
38:Male
3276:NCBI
3250:IUCN
3237:ITIS
3175:GBIF
3167:sicu
3103:BOLD
1423:Eggs
1411:milk
1406:Crop
1396:Beak
1277:OCLC
1269:LCCN
1261:ISSN
1175:PMID
1167:ISSN
1115:PMID
1097:ISSN
954:OSTI
896:ISBN
873:2020
809:2020
732:ISBN
669:2020
621:2021
604:2019
441:any
439:cite
289:and
266:The
136:Aves
3198:IBC
3126:CoL
3064:ADW
3053:ABA
1221:doi
1157:doi
1105:PMC
1087:doi
1075:115
862:doi
768:doi
608:doi
452:by
321:'s
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1966:n
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1956:a
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1939:a
1937:h
1935:t
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