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758:, she explains how a composer must know the full capabilities of each instrument and how they must complement each other, not compete. She gives an example of how in an earlier composition of hers, she had the tuba playing with the piccolo. This would clearly drown the piccolo out. Each instrument chosen to be in a piece must have a reason for being there that adds to what the composer is trying to convey within the work.
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938:'s performance of the composer or publisher's compositions. The license is "compulsory" because the copyright owner cannot refuse or set terms for the license. Copyright collectives also typically manage the licensing of public performances of compositions, whether by live musicians or by transmitting sound recordings over radio or the Internet.
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composer, and the lyricists if any. A musical composition may be in the form of a notated copy (for example sheet music) or in the form of a phonorecord (for example cassette tape, LP, or CD). Sending a musical composition in the form of a phonorecord does not necessarily mean that there is a claim to copyright in the sound recording."
707:(which consists of larger sections and greater diversity of woodwind, brass, and percussion instruments than are usually found in the orchestra), or a chamber group (a small number of instruments, but at least two). The composer may also choose to write for only one instrument, in which case this is called a
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In India The Copy Right Act, 1957 prevailed for original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic work until the
Copyright (Amendment) Act, 1984 was introduced. Under the amended act, a new definition has been provided for musical work which states "musical works means a work consisting of music and
538:
is a "general, non-technical term applied mainly to instrumental compositions from the 17th century onwards....other than when they are taken individually 'piece' and its equivalents are rarely used of movements in sonatas or symphonies....composers have used all these terms frequently in compound
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Even when music is notated relatively precisely, as in
Western classical music from the 1750s onwards, there are many decisions that a performer or conductor has to make, because notation does not specify all of the elements of musical performance. The process of deciding how to perform music that
343:
Although a musical composition often uses musical notation and has a single author, this is not always the case. A work of music can have multiple composers, which often occurs in popular music when all members of a band collaborate to write a song or in musical theatre, when one person writes the
954:
on
Copyright Registration of Musical Compositions and Sound Recordings, a musical composition is defined as "A musical composition consists of music, including any accompanying words, and is normally registered as a work of the performing arts. The author of a musical composition is generally the
392:
jingling in a breeze. The study of composition has traditionally been dominated by examination of methods and practice of
Western classical music, but the definition of composition is broad enough to include the creation of popular music and traditional music songs and instrumental pieces, and to
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of the melodies. Composers and songwriters who present their own music in a concert are interpreting their songs, just as much as those who perform the music of others. The standard body of choices and techniques present at a given time and a given place is referred to as
641:
headsets have also been used to create music by interpreting the brainwaves of musicians. This method has been used for
Project Mindtunes, which involved collaborating disabled musicians with DJ Fresh, and also by artists Lisa Park and Masaki Batoh.
683:, may be undertaken by the composer or separately by an arranger based on the composer's core composition. Based on such factors, composers, orchestrators, and arrangers must decide upon the instrumentation of the original work. In the 2010s, the
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has been previously composed and notated is termed "interpretation". Different performers' or conductor's interpretations of the same work of music can vary widely, in terms of the tempos that are chosen and the playing or singing style or
153:
885:
publishing companies themselves will temporarily assign their copyright interests to formal publishing companies, granting those companies a license to control both the publication and the further licensing of the composer's work.
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describing the composition and how it should be performed. Copyright requires anyone else wanting to use the composition in the same ways to obtain a license (permission) from the owner. In some jurisdictions, the composer can
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law, not copyright law, governs these composer–publisher contracts, which ordinarily involve an agreement on how profits from the publisher's activities related to the work will be shared with the composer in the form of
483:. Compositions comprise a huge variety of musical elements, which vary widely from between genres and cultures. Popular music genres after about 1960 make extensive use of electric and electronic instruments, such as
328:
to do the orchestration. In some cases, a pop or traditional songwriter may not use written notation at all and instead compose the song in their mind and then play, sing or record it from memory. In
203:
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and other performed words are considered part of the composition, even though they may have different authors and copyright owners than the non-lyrical elements. Many jurisdictions allow for
455:, a classical piece or popular song may exist as a recording. If music is composed before being performed, music can be performed from memory (the norm for instrumental soloists in
434:
consists in two things only. The first is the ordering and disposing of several sounds...in such a manner that their succession pleases the ear. This is what the
Ancients called
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910:. These agreements and corresponding body of law distinguish between the rights applicable to sound recordings and the rights applicable to compositions. For example,
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era (1600–1750), for example, used only acoustic and mechanical instruments such as strings, brass, woodwinds, timpani and keyboard instruments such as
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defines a musical work to mean "a work consisting of music, exclusive of any words or action intended to be sung, spoken or performed with the music."
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included any graphical notation of such work but does not included any words or any action intended to be sung, spoken or performed with the music."
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438:. The second is the rendering audible of two or more simultaneous sounds in such a manner that their combination is pleasant. This is what we call
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711:. Solos may be unaccompanied, as with works for solo piano or solo cello, or solos may be accompanied by another instrument or by an ensemble.
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The scope of copyright in general is defined by various international treaties and their implementations, which take the form of national
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577:, where the compositional technique might be considered the usage of a particular scale. Others are composed during performance (see
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1103:, first edition, 20 vols., edited by Stanley Sadie, Vol. 14: 735. London: Macmillan Publishers; New York: Grove's Dictionaries.
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of a musical piece or to the process of creating or writing a new piece of music. People who create new compositions are called
74:
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922:, but in most of the world, recordings of particular performances of that composition usually are not. For copyright purposes,
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parts in a symphony, where she is playing tutti parts, but then memorize an exposed solo, in order to be able to watch the
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475:), or through a combination of both methods. For example, the principal cello player in an orchestra may read most of the
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which, for a limited time, gives a composition's owner—such as a composer or a composer's employer, in the case of
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of certain uses of compositions. For example, copyright law may allow a record company to pay a modest fee to a
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and rock genre musicians may memorize the melodies for a new song, which means that they only need to provide a
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to which the composer or publisher belongs, in exchange for the right to make and distribute CDs containing a
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Even though the first US copyright laws did not include musical compositions, they were added as part of the
1397:. 1998. "Siamo tutti compositori. Alcune riflessioni sulla distribuzione sociale del processo compositivo".
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As technology has developed in the 20th and 21st century, new methods of music composition have come about.
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that explain or notate how the singer or musician should create musical sounds. Examples range from
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recitals), by reading written musical notation (the norm in large ensembles, such as orchestras,
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Composers are not limited to writing only for instruments, they may also decide to write for
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compositions and concerts, albeit to a lesser degree than in popular music. Music from the
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Arranging is composition which employs prior material so as to comment upon it such as in
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A piece of music can also be composed with words, images or, since the 20th century, with
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388:. A more commonly known example of chance-based, or indeterminate, music is the sound of
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melodies, a second person writes the lyrics and a third person orchestrates the songs.
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composer can virtually write for almost any combination of instruments, ranging from a
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forms ....In vocal music...the term is most frequently used for operatic ensembles..."
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by influential performers are given the weight that written or printed scores play in
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and is associated with contemporary composers active in the 20th century, such as
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1149:"Making Music With EEG Technology: Translate Brainwaves Into Sonic Soundscapes"
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In the 2000s, composition is considered to consist of the manipulation of each
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1992:
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1475:– online database to locations of musical manuscripts from around the world
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DJ Fresh & Mindtunes: A track created only by the mind (Documentary)
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272:, which is then performed by the composer or by other musicians. In
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1957:
1798:
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1428:– news, competitions, interviews and other resources for composers.
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1082:, third edition (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1979), p.1.
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which will play the different parts of music, such as the melody,
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2007:
2002:
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27:
An original musical piece, or the process of creating a new piece
1404:
Sorce Keller, Marcello. 2019 “Composition”, Janet
Sturman (ed.)
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employs compositions that are rigidly based on a specific mode (
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Internet
Concert Project: Album for the Young Student New Music
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1246:(first ed.). New York: Harper & Row. pp. 25–26.
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Filleted Mignon: A New Recipe for
Analysis and Recomposition
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2256:
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703:(consisting of strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion),
329:
245:
192:
881:, in part, to another party. Often, composers who are not
264:, the act of composing typically includes the creation of
638:
2510:
1472:
1459:– Information, articles and music composition resources.
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1435:
553:
Composition techniques draw parallels from visual art's
184:
and the tempo or style of the song (e.g., "slow blues").
1408:. Los Angeles: SAGE Reference, 2019, Vol. II, 618–623.
1434:– an online performance and documentary feature from
1202:"Everything you need to know about: Musique concrète"
393:
include spontaneously improvised works like those of
316:
and so on) is typically done by the composer, but in
984:
699:. Some common group settings include music for full
573:, and others. Some pieces are composed around a set
2826:
Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
1372:, 4 vols. Paris: Ph.D. Pierres & Eugène Onfroy.
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1334:
491:. Electric and electronic instruments are used in
671:The task of adapting a composition for different
4579:
1519:
1297:. United States Copyright Office. Archived from
656:
1101:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1473:Répertoire International des Sources Musicales
1034:Répertoire International des Sources Musicales
397:performers and African percussionists such as
172:typically write out newly composed songs in a
2526:
2413:
1883:
1505:
815:The examples and perspective in this section
797:
691:, wind and brass sections used in a standard
600:musical composition. Similarly, music of the
442:and it alone merits the name of composition.
1225:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
557:. Sometimes, the entire form of a piece is
292:and chord progression. In classical music,
2533:
2519:
2420:
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2137:Bowed string instrument extended technique
1890:
1876:
1512:
1498:
1406:The SAGE Encyclopedia of Music and Culture
1341:. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. pp. 163–64.
833:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
776:and various contemporary classical works.
3175:Music technology (electronic and digital)
1267:
1200:June 2020, Future Music03 (3 June 2020).
1199:
849:Learn how and when to remove this message
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1452:A Practical Guide to Musical Composition
1399:Schweizer Jahrbuch für Musikwissenschaft
1370:Essai sur la musique Ancienne et moderne
1325:, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1988.
950:. According to a circular issued by the
187:
163:
133:
2387:Category:Musical performance techniques
1364:
1328:
1323:Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
1243:Listening Out Loud: Becoming a Composer
1120:
965:Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
424:
14:
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1897:
1239:
260:. In many cultures, including Western
3354:
2708:Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc
2514:
2401:
1871:
1493:
1080:Tonal Harmony in Concept and Practice
738:. Alternatively, as is the case with
296:(choosing the instruments of a large
1093:
801:
542:
252:; with songs, the person who writes
60:adding citations to reliable sources
31:
1281:Volume 13, Number 4, December 2007.
1124:Indian Theatre And Dance Traditions
1121:Narayan, Shovana (1 January 2004).
632:
24:
4389:Classical and art music traditions
2816:History of lute-family instruments
2633:Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat
1377:
1099:Tilmouth, Michael. 1980. "Piece".
695:to electronic instruments such as
507:. A 2000s-era pop band may use an
25:
4599:
1412:
1335:JATINDRA KUMAR DAS (1 May 2015).
779:
4561:
4560:
4547:
4533:
4105:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3580:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3180:Sound recording and reproduction
2628:Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta
2427:
2382:
2381:
1479:How to Compose for New Age Piano
987:
806:
730:). Composers can also write for
199:to guide improvising musicians.
36:
4409:Jazz and popular music glossary
1779:Political or revolutionary song
1442:A Beginner's Guide to Composing
1316:
1284:
1029:Music publisher (popular music)
362:, to text compositions such as
47:needs additional citations for
3650:Federated States of Micronesia
1468:How to compose Music (Wikihow)
1233:
1193:
1171:
1141:
1114:
1078:Translation from Allen Forte,
1072:
1047:
952:United States Copyright Office
941:
446:
13:
1:
2688:Philippine art songs—Kundiman
2608:Afghan classical music—Klasik
1155:. 19 May 2015. Archived from
1041:
657:Compositional instrumentation
4554:Record production portal
4399:Cultural and regional genres
2653:Indonesian art music—Gamelan
1446:Bloomingdale School of Music
1436:Bloomingdale School of Music
958:
761:
645:
493:contemporary classical music
459:performances and singers in
7:
3170:Music technology (electric)
2703:Thai classical music—Piphat
2658:Japanese court music—Gagaku
1127:. Harman Publishing House.
980:
971:
829:, discuss the issue on the
332:and popular music, notable
10:
4604:
2811:History of the harpsichord
2698:Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka
1358:
1273:BaileyShea, Matt (2007), "
1240:Swados, Elizabeth (1988).
798:Copyright and legal status
765:
660:
649:
627:
546:
324:, songwriters may hire an
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2638:Chinese traditional music
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2255:
2197:
2127:
2089:Piano extended techniques
2079:
2016:
1905:
1627:
1574:
1531:
1444:– an online feature from
1366:Laborde, Jean-Benjamin de
244:. Composers of primarily
3525:Central African Republic
3068:Computational musicology
2613:Andalusi classical music
2326:Extended vocal technique
2129:Bowed string instruments
1401:, Neue Folge 18:259–330.
1014:Dickinson classification
864:is a government-granted
722:works, some symphonies,
610:improvisational contexts
530:
4414:Music genres and styles
2713:Western classical music
2683:Persian classical music
2502:List of music theorists
663:Instrumentation (music)
451:Since the invention of
4394:Classical music genres
3470:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3011:Doctor of Musical Arts
2831:History of the trumpet
2643:Indian classical music
1384:Sorce Keller, Marcello
736:electronic instruments
732:percussion instruments
614:Indian classical music
596:note, is important in
444:
211:
185:
161:
4220:São Tomé and Príncipe
4095:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4075:Republic of the Congo
2836:History of the violin
1055:"Musical Composition"
948:Copyright Act of 1831
429:
364:Karlheinz Stockhausen
284:, which sets out the
191:
167:
137:
71:"Musical composition"
4290:United Arab Emirates
3355:
3063:Cognitive musicology
2283:Snare drum technique
2104:Three-hand technique
1463:How to compose music
1422:– artofcomposing.com
1420:How to Compose Music
1009:Developing variation
932:copyright collective
928:compulsory licensing
827:improve this section
817:may not represent a
792:performance practice
588:used, including the
521:synthesizer keyboard
369:Aus den sieben Tagen
176:, which notates the
56:improve this article
4588:Musical composition
4440:Aesthetics of music
4255:Trinidad and Tobago
3390:Antigua and Barbuda
2869:Band (rock and pop)
2793:Musical instruments
2668:Lao classical music
2051:Harmonica technique
2026:Saxophone technique
1943:Finger substitution
1592:Electronic libretto
1521:Musical composition
1279:Music Theory Online
750:, and so forth. In
667:Arrangement (music)
270:sheet music "score"
248:are usually called
215:Musical composition
168:Jazz, rock and pop
4502:Musical instrument
4470:Music and politics
3600:Dominican Republic
3348:By sovereign state
2663:Korean court music
2623:Azerbaijani Mugham
2031:Circular breathing
1933:Extended technique
1899:Musical techniques
1660:Sentimental ballad
1457:ComposersNewPencil
1004:BCM Classification
756:Listening Out Loud
584:The scale for the
513:electronic effects
386:Witold Lutosławski
256:for a song is the
212:
186:
162:
4575:
4574:
4460:Music and fashion
4455:Music and emotion
4357:
4356:
3625:Equatorial Guinea
3121:A-side and B-side
3026:Music archaeology
3001:Bachelor of Music
2844:
2843:
2778:Psychedelic music
2773:Progressive music
2693:Scottish Ceòl Mór
2508:
2507:
2395:
2394:
1865:
1864:
1561:Singer-songwriter
1426:Composition Today
1348:978-81-203-5090-8
1304:on 6 October 2015
1059:www.copyright.gov
883:doing business as
859:
858:
851:
673:musical ensembles
543:As a musical form
356:avant-garde music
349:computer programs
278:traditional music
182:chord progression
147:Alexander Borodin
139:Scherzo in A flat
132:
131:
124:
106:
18:Music Composition
16:(Redirected from
4595:
4564:
4563:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4540:Music portal
4538:
4537:
4536:
4492:Music technology
4480:Environmentalism
4433:Related articles
4040:Papua New Guinea
3905:Marshall Islands
3352:
3351:
3298:Central American
3036:Music psychology
2916:Backing vocalist
2753:Electronic music
2596:
2595:
2550:History of music
2535:
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2415:
2408:
2399:
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2384:
2362:Related articles
2341:Overtone singing
2142:Violin technique
2041:Flutter-tonguing
2018:Wind instruments
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1650:Execution ballad
1609:Musical notation
1514:
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1338:LAW OF COPYRIGHT
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1024:Music manuscript
1019:MIDI composition
997:
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879:assign copyright
854:
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834:
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752:Elizabeth Swados
740:musique concrète
633:Computer methods
559:through-composed
525:electronic drums
517:guitar amplifier
422:Jean-Benjamin de
420:), according to
412:, melody, form,
360:graphic notation
334:sound recordings
217:can refer to an
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4160:Solomon Islands
4005:North Macedonia
3357:
3343:
3205:
3203:regional genres
3202:
3194:
3160:Record producer
3104:
3093:Sociomusicology
3078:Ethnomusicology
3006:Master of Music
2986:
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2879:All-female band
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2012:
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1694:Christmas carol
1687:Repetitive song
1682:Cumulative song
1672:Children's song
1623:
1582:Instrumentation
1570:
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1484:Composing Music
1448:(February 2008)
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1378:Further reading
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661:Main articles:
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608:) often within
555:formal elements
551:
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509:electric guitar
485:electric guitar
453:sound recording
449:
406:aspect of music
374:aleatoric music
338:classical music
318:musical theatre
262:classical music
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3150:Audio engineer
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3083:New musicology
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2884:Rhythm section
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1998:Thumb position
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1948:Finger vibrato
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1818:Signature song
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1439:
1438:(January 2010)
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1413:External links
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1159:on 23 May 2015
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819:worldwide view
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780:Interpretation
778:
766:Main article:
763:
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689:string section
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382:Morton Feldman
298:music ensemble
266:music notation
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4497:Music therapy
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3210:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3201:Cultural and
3197:
3191:
3188:
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3178:
3176:
3173:
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3166:
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3151:
3148:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3128:Extended play
3126:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3099:
3098:Zoomusicology
3096:
3094:
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3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3073:Ecomusicology
3071:
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3059:
3058:Biomusicology
3056:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3031:Music history
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
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2993:
2989:
2983:
2980:
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2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2962:Improvisation
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2911:Lead vocalist
2909:
2908:
2907:
2906:Military band
2904:
2902:
2899:
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2894:
2892:
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2799:
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2790:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2758:Hip hop music
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2748:Country music
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2720:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2678:Ottoman music
2676:
2674:
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2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
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2649:
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2284:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2265:Prepared harp
2263:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
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2196:
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2167:
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2117:
2115:
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2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
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2097:
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2092:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2061:Slap tonguing
2059:
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2054:
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2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2009:
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1991:
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1843:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1823:Sporting song
1821:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1811:"I Want" song
1809:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1784:Campaign song
1782:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1755:Nonsense song
1753:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1706:Drinking song
1704:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1677:Campfire song
1675:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1655:Murder ballad
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1614:Orchestration
1612:
1610:
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1602:
1600:
1597:
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1270:
1255:
1253:0-06-015992-8
1249:
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1136:
1134:9788186622612
1130:
1126:
1125:
1117:
1110:
1109:1-56159-174-2
1106:
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1096:
1089:
1088:0-03-020756-8
1085:
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978:
969:
967:
966:
956:
953:
949:
939:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
920:public domain
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
894:
889:
884:
880:
875:
871:
870:work for hire
867:
863:
853:
850:
842:
839:December 2010
832:
828:
822:
820:
813:
804:
803:
795:
793:
788:
777:
775:
769:
759:
757:
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749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
681:orchestration
678:
674:
668:
664:
653:
643:
640:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
579:improvisation
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
550:
540:
537:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
497:Baroque music
494:
490:
489:electric bass
486:
482:
478:
477:accompaniment
474:
470:
469:concert bands
466:
462:
458:
454:
443:
441:
437:
433:
428:
426:
425:Laborde (1780
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
370:
365:
361:
357:
354:
350:
345:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
310:countermelody
307:
306:accompaniment
303:
299:
295:
294:orchestration
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:popular music
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
220:
216:
207:
198:
194:
190:
183:
179:
175:
171:
166:
157:
148:
144:
140:
136:
126:
123:
115:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73: –
72:
68:
67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
4559:
4545:
4531:
4320:Vatican City
4270:Turkmenistan
4170:South Africa
4140:Sierra Leone
4120:Saudi Arabia
3495:Burkina Faso
3155:Record label
3041:Music school
2935:
2896:Concert band
2806:Angular harp
2733:Circus music
2618:Arabic music
2454:
2429:Music theory
2352:Sprechgesang
2350:
2303:Stevens grip
2293:Cymbal choke
2242:Third bridge
2162:Bartók pizz.
2114:String piano
1993:Stopped note
1913:Articulation
1845:Tragedy song
1794:Protest song
1789:Freedom song
1750:Novelty song
1743:Breakup song
1604:Musical form
1520:
1405:
1398:
1369:
1337:
1330:
1318:
1306:. Retrieved
1299:the original
1286:
1278:
1269:
1257:. Retrieved
1242:
1235:
1209:. Retrieved
1205:
1195:
1184:, retrieved
1179:
1173:
1161:. Retrieved
1157:the original
1153:FAMEMAGAZINE
1152:
1143:
1123:
1116:
1100:
1095:
1079:
1074:
1062:. Retrieved
1058:
1049:
995:Music portal
975:
963:
962:
945:
916:9th Symphony
897:
860:
845:
836:
816:
783:
771:
755:
713:
705:concert band
697:synthesizers
685:contemporary
670:
652:Musical form
636:
616:in both the
583:
571:verse-chorus
552:
549:Musical form
535:
534:
519:, a digital
511:played with
450:
439:
435:
431:
430:
403:
399:Ewe drummers
367:
353:20th century
346:
342:
268:, such as a
234:instrumental
221:
214:
213:
149:(1833–1887)
143:Romantic era
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
4424:Terminology
4404:Instruments
4210:Switzerland
4180:South Sudan
4175:South Korea
4100:Saint Lucia
4055:Philippines
4000:North Korea
3980:New Zealand
3975:Netherlands
3780:Ivory Coast
3620:El Salvador
3365:Afghanistan
3332:Micronesian
3133:Compilation
3046:Composition
2936:Composition
2901:Disc jockey
2874:Backup band
2801:Arched Harp
2558:Prehistoric
2466:Mathematics
2455:Composition
2336:Death growl
2318:Human voice
2288:Burton grip
2217:Flatpicking
2212:Fingerstyle
2207:Downpicking
2174:Free bowing
2056:Overblowing
1968:Multiphonic
1928:Double stop
1762:Patter song
1716:Sleeper hit
1699:Advent song
1635:Answer song
1387: [
942:In the U.S.
924:song lyrics
874:sheet music
768:Arrangement
744:typewriters
718:(including
602:Middle East
501:harpsichord
447:Terminology
432:Composition
390:wind chimes
300:such as an
250:songwriters
224:or work of
197:chord chart
170:songwriters
112:August 2018
4310:Uzbekistan
4230:Tajikistan
4135:Seychelles
4115:San Marino
3950:Mozambique
3940:Montenegro
3910:Mauritania
3875:Madagascar
3870:Luxembourg
3825:Kyrgyzstan
3800:Kazakhstan
3605:East Timor
3555:Costa Rica
3520:Cape Verde
3430:Bangladesh
3415:Azerbaijan
3337:Polynesian
3327:Melanesian
3109:Production
3088:Organology
3053:Musicology
2783:Soul music
2738:Folk music
2723:Vernacular
2486:Set theory
2481:Psychology
2476:Philosophy
2471:Musicology
2460:Definition
2440:Aesthetics
2331:Beatboxing
2275:Percussion
2119:Tack piano
2066:Split tone
2036:Embouchure
1963:Intonation
1855:Sea shanty
1840:Theme song
1828:Fight song
1738:Torch song
1721:Summer hit
1628:Song types
1619:Song cycle
1575:Components
1566:Hymnwriter
1556:Songwriter
1211:3 November
1206:MusicRadar
1064:26 January
1042:References
936:cover band
918:is in the
904:common law
693:orchestras
675:is called
618:Hindustani
612:, as does
515:through a
505:pipe organ
463:shows and
358:that uses
282:lead sheet
174:lead sheet
82:newspapers
4445:Album era
4325:Venezuela
4190:Sri Lanka
4145:Singapore
4030:Palestine
3985:Nicaragua
3915:Mauritius
3865:Lithuania
3750:Indonesia
3705:Guatemala
3405:Australia
3395:Argentina
3315:Caribbean
3269:Southeast
2994:and study
2992:Education
2982:Technique
2858:Ensembles
2768:Pop music
2600:Art music
2578:Religious
2346:Screaming
2298:Drum roll
2169:Col legno
2157:Pizzicato
2152:Bariolage
1978:Pizzicato
1958:Harmonics
1953:Glissando
1938:Fingering
1850:Work song
1806:Show tune
1772:Hymn tune
1767:Plainsong
1733:Love song
1728:List song
1308:6 October
1259:9 October
959:In the UK
912:Beethoven
902:, and in
893:royalties
862:Copyright
831:talk page
762:Arranging
701:orchestra
677:arranging
646:Structure
481:conductor
427:, 2:12):
395:free jazz
378:John Cage
322:pop music
302:orchestra
242:composers
238:structure
228:, either
145:composer
4582:Category
4566:Category
4379:Timeline
4350:Zimbabwe
4240:Thailand
4235:Tanzania
4200:Suriname
4155:Slovenia
4150:Slovakia
4065:Portugal
4045:Paraguay
4020:Pakistan
3935:Mongolia
3890:Maldives
3885:Malaysia
3810:Kiribati
3730:Honduras
3645:Ethiopia
3640:Eswatini
3595:Dominica
3590:Djibouti
3545:Colombia
3510:Cameroon
3505:Cambodia
3490:Bulgaria
3475:Botswana
3435:Barbados
3322:Oceanian
3276:European
3232:Southern
3165:Sampling
2957:Notation
2891:Big band
2853:Musician
2583:Biblical
2445:Analysis
2189:Two bows
2184:Spiccato
2071:Tonguing
2046:Growling
1988:Slapping
1983:Position
1973:Phrasing
1799:War song
1711:Hit song
1667:Car song
1640:Art song
1587:Libretto
1551:Lyricist
1539:Composer
1368:. 1780.
1221:cite web
981:See also
972:In India
908:case law
900:statutes
888:Contract
866:monopoly
825:You may
787:phrasing
774:mash-ups
728:musicals
624:system.
622:Carnatic
620:and the
563:strophic
465:art song
457:concerto
326:arranger
314:bassline
258:lyricist
219:original
4475:Warfare
4374:Outline
4330:Vietnam
4315:Vanuatu
4305:Uruguay
4285:Ukraine
4260:Tunisia
4165:Somalia
4125:Senegal
4080:Romania
3995:Nigeria
3960:Namibia
3955:Myanmar
3945:Morocco
3925:Moldova
3850:Liberia
3845:Lesotho
3840:Lebanon
3785:Jamaica
3765:Ireland
3740:Iceland
3735:Hungary
3700:Grenada
3685:Germany
3680:Georgia
3660:Finland
3635:Estonia
3630:Eritrea
3610:Ecuador
3585:Denmark
3560:Croatia
3550:Comoros
3500:Burundi
3465:Bolivia
3445:Belgium
3440:Belarus
3425:Bahrain
3420:Bahamas
3410:Austria
3400:Armenia
3380:Andorra
3375:Algeria
3370:Albania
3249:Central
3217:Central
3212:African
2972:Singing
2590:Secular
2573:Martial
2563:Ancient
2450:Aspects
2308:Rimshot
2237:Tambour
2222:Picking
2179:Martelé
2099:Luthéal
2008:Vibrato
2003:Tremolo
1923:Damping
1906:General
1359:Sources
628:Methods
440:harmony
410:harmony
320:and in
96:scholar
4384:Albums
4345:Zambia
4280:Uganda
4275:Tuvalu
4265:Turkey
4225:Taiwan
4205:Sweden
4130:Serbia
4090:Rwanda
4085:Russia
4060:Poland
4035:Panama
4010:Norway
3930:Monaco
3920:Mexico
3880:Malawi
3835:Latvia
3820:Kuwait
3815:Kosovo
3795:Jordan
3770:Israel
3720:Guyana
3710:Guinea
3695:Greece
3675:Gambia
3665:France
3570:Cyprus
3515:Canada
3485:Brunei
3480:Brazil
3460:Bhutan
3450:Belize
3385:Angola
3356:
3286:Nordic
3281:Balkan
3116:Single
3021:Method
2967:Lyrics
2931:Theory
2491:Tuning
2199:Guitar
1918:Bowing
1645:Ballad
1599:Lyrics
1345:
1250:
1186:5 June
1163:5 June
1131:
1107:
1086:
1036:(RISM)
748:sirens
726:, and
724:operas
720:choral
473:choirs
436:melody
418:timbre
414:rhythm
290:lyrics
286:melody
254:lyrics
236:, the
180:, the
178:melody
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
4419:Songs
4369:Index
4362:Lists
4340:Yemen
4250:Tonga
4215:Syria
4195:Sudan
4185:Spain
4110:Samoa
4070:Qatar
4025:Palau
3990:Niger
3970:Nepal
3965:Nauru
3900:Malta
3855:Libya
3805:Kenya
3790:Japan
3775:Italy
3745:India
3725:Haiti
3690:Ghana
3670:Gabon
3615:Egypt
3540:China
3535:Chile
3455:Benin
3264:South
3244:Asian
3227:North
3190:Remix
3185:Cover
3143:Remix
2952:Genre
2821:Nafir
2743:Blues
2725:music
2568:Dance
2542:Music
2369:Étude
2081:Piano
1532:Roles
1395:]
1302:(PDF)
1295:(PDF)
716:voice
606:maqam
598:tonal
594:tonic
586:notes
575:scale
567:rondo
536:Piece
531:Piece
461:opera
246:songs
230:vocal
226:music
222:piece
103:JSTOR
89:books
4512:Folk
4245:Togo
4050:Peru
4015:Oman
3895:Mali
3830:Laos
3760:Iraq
3755:Iran
3655:Fiji
3565:Cuba
3530:Chad
3254:East
3237:West
3222:East
3138:Live
2977:Song
2947:Form
2763:Jazz
2257:Harp
1544:List
1525:song
1523:and
1343:ISBN
1310:2015
1261:2015
1248:ISBN
1227:link
1213:2020
1188:2015
1165:2015
1129:ISBN
1105:ISBN
1084:ISBN
1066:2019
709:solo
665:and
592:and
590:mode
523:and
503:and
487:and
471:and
416:and
384:and
330:jazz
276:and
205:Play
193:Jazz
155:Play
75:news
3016:PhD
1277:",
914:'s
734:or
679:or
639:EEG
366:'s
232:or
58:by
4584::
1393:de
1391:;
1389:it
1223:}}
1219:{{
1204:.
1151:.
1057:.
895:.
754:'
746:,
569:,
565:,
527:.
401:.
380:,
340:.
312:,
308:,
288:,
2534:e
2527:t
2520:v
2421:e
2414:t
2407:v
1891:e
1884:t
1877:v
1513:e
1506:t
1499:v
1351:.
1312:.
1263:.
1229:)
1215:.
1167:.
1137:.
1111:.
1090:.
1068:.
852:)
846:(
841:)
837:(
823:.
408:(
125:)
119:(
114:)
110:(
100:·
93:·
86:·
79:·
52:.
20:)
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