89:
abnormal speech characteristics: hypernasal resonance, excessive nasal airflow including nasal air escape and nasal turbulence (also called nasal rustle), and absence of or weak intra-oral air pressure for oral pressure
111:
No absolute contraindications exist for nasoendoscopy; and, while the procedure is relatively safe, the exact risk of the procedure depends on the skill and experience of the endoscope operator.
224:
179:
Tabaee A., Hsu A. K., Kacker A. (2011.) "Indications, technique, safety, and accuracy of office-based nasal endoscopy with biopsy for sinonasal neoplasm",
217:
210:
155:
Makarawo T. P., Howe D., Chan S. K. (2011.) "Is routine nasoendoscopy warranted in epistaxis patients after removal of nasal packing?",
127:
Pegoraro-Krook M. I., Dutka-Souza J. C., Marino V. C. (2008.) "Nasoendoscopy of velopharynx before and during diagnostic therapy",
521:
196:
85:, routine nasoendoscopy is not necessarily indicated. However, widely accepted indications for nasoendoscopy include:
141:
64:. It can provide information to evaluate speech and velopharyngeal function or dysfunction, as in diseases such as
168:
511:
481:
314:
412:
370:
344:
202:
102:
patient is being considered for pharyngoplasty, maxillary advancement or speech prosthesis.
8:
96:
difficulty maintaining intra-oral air pressure and velopharyngeal closure during speech;
506:
309:
65:
468:
271:
233:
281:
452:
516:
500:
440:
435:
407:
286:
319:
249:
237:
99:
patient has known or suspected abnormality of palate or velopharynx; and,
57:
45:
385:
93:
limited progress with speech therapy to establish oral pressure sounds;
53:
463:
82:
41:
276:
357:
241:
61:
232:
424:
396:
298:
106:
331:
49:
143:
Anatomy & Physiology for Speech, Language, and
Hearing
260:
169:
Nasoendoscopy
Procedure - White Memorial Medical Center
140:Seikel J. A., King D. W., Drumright D. G. (2010.)
498:
218:
60:camera on a flexible tube passed through the
107:Contraindications, complications, and safety
225:
211:
81:After removal of nasal packing following
499:
206:
13:
36:In speech pathology and medicine,
14:
533:
190:
173:
162:
149:
134:
121:
76:
1:
522:Speech and language pathology
114:
71:
7:
146:, Cengage Learning, p. 290.
10:
538:
199:- Macmillan Cancer Support
482:Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
477:
449:
421:
393:
384:
354:
328:
295:
257:
248:
26:
21:
315:Genioglossus advancement
181:Int Forum Allergy Rhinol
413:Pharyngeal flap surgery
371:Template:Periodontology
345:Template:Endodontology
16:Endoscopic examination
66:sinonasal carcinomas
44:examination of the
310:Lingual frenectomy
512:Medical diagnosis
494:
493:
490:
489:
469:Uvulopalatoplasty
380:
379:
272:Labial frenectomy
34:
33:
529:
457:
429:
401:
391:
390:
362:
336:
303:
282:Lip augmentation
265:
255:
254:
236:relating to the
227:
220:
213:
204:
203:
184:
177:
171:
166:
160:
153:
147:
138:
132:
125:
30:exam of the nose
19:
18:
537:
536:
532:
531:
530:
528:
527:
526:
497:
496:
495:
486:
473:
450:
445:
422:
417:
394:
376:
355:
350:
329:
324:
296:
291:
258:
244:
231:
193:
188:
187:
178:
174:
167:
163:
154:
150:
139:
135:
126:
122:
117:
109:
79:
74:
52:, often with a
17:
12:
11:
5:
535:
525:
524:
519:
514:
509:
492:
491:
488:
487:
485:
484:
478:
475:
474:
472:
471:
466:
460:
458:
447:
446:
444:
443:
438:
432:
430:
419:
418:
416:
415:
410:
404:
402:
388:
382:
381:
378:
377:
375:
374:
365:
363:
352:
351:
349:
348:
339:
337:
326:
325:
323:
322:
317:
312:
306:
304:
293:
292:
290:
289:
284:
279:
274:
268:
266:
252:
246:
245:
230:
229:
222:
215:
207:
201:
200:
192:
191:External links
189:
186:
185:
172:
161:
157:Allergy Rhinol
148:
133:
131:, 16(3):181-8.
129:J App Oral Sci
119:
118:
116:
113:
108:
105:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
91:
78:
75:
73:
70:
32:
31:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
534:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
504:
502:
483:
480:
479:
476:
470:
467:
465:
462:
461:
459:
456:
454:
448:
442:
441:Adenoidectomy
439:
437:
436:Tonsillectomy
434:
433:
431:
428:
426:
420:
414:
411:
409:
406:
405:
403:
400:
398:
392:
389:
387:
383:
373:
372:
367:
366:
364:
361:
359:
353:
347:
346:
341:
340:
338:
335:
333:
327:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
307:
305:
302:
300:
294:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
269:
267:
264:
262:
256:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
228:
223:
221:
216:
214:
209:
208:
205:
198:
195:
194:
183:, 1(3):225-8.
182:
176:
170:
165:
158:
152:
145:
144:
137:
130:
124:
120:
112:
101:
98:
95:
92:
88:
87:
86:
84:
69:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
38:nasoendoscopy
29:
25:
22:Nasoendoscopy
20:
451:
423:
408:Palatoplasty
395:
369:
356:
343:
330:
297:
287:Cheiloplasty
259:
197:Nasendoscopy
180:
175:
164:
159:, 2(1):12-5.
156:
151:
142:
136:
128:
123:
110:
80:
37:
35:
320:Glossectomy
90:consonants;
77:Indications
58:fiber optic
46:velopharynx
501:Categories
386:Oropharynx
234:Procedures
115:References
54:CCD camera
48:, or the
42:endoscopic
507:Endoscopy
464:Uvulotomy
83:epistaxis
72:Procedure
277:Lip lift
358:gingiva
242:pharynx
62:nostril
40:is the
27:Purpose
425:tonsil
397:palate
299:tongue
453:uvula
332:teeth
250:Mouth
238:mouth
56:or a
517:Nose
368:see
342:see
240:and
50:nose
261:lip
503::
68:.
455::
427::
399::
360::
334::
301::
263::
226:e
219:t
212:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.