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20:
282:
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324:) appears to act as a deterrent against environmental destruction, up to a point. Indiscriminate felling, particularly of large trees, is generally eschewed owing to the belief that they are dwellings of tree spirits called
502:
regarded as the tutelary spirit in a local region within a local community, with familial custodians of the place and tradition and with royal sponsorship in ancient times, hence evocative of royal rituals, there are also
163:). Individual houses also have a shrine to a nat, usually a coconut is hung on a corner of the house or property, surrounded by perfume as an offering. One may inherit a certain member or in some instances two of the 37
1548:
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s are more of an urban phenomenon which evolved to satisfy the need of people who had migrated from the countryside to towns and cities but who wished to carry on their traditions or
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416:, held a week later in honour of Popa Medaw ("Mother of Popa"), who was the mother of the Taungbyone Min Nyinaung ("Brother Lords"), is also a popular nat festival.
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237:
Academic opinions vary as to whether
Burmese Buddhism and Burmese spirit worship are two separate entities, or merged into a single religion. As with a rise of
1378:
2600:
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are ascribed human characteristics, wants, and needs; they are flawed, having desires considered derogatory and immoral in mainstream
Buddhism. During a
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1676:
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193:) from one or both parents' side to worship depending on where their families originally come from. One also has a personal guardian deity called
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102:) which are humans that were deified after their deaths and all the other nats which are spirits of nature (spirits of water, trees etc.).
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408:, is another major site with the festival held each year starting on the eleventh waxing day and including the full moon in the month
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s where individuals would have a pavilion set up in a neighbourhood and the ritual is generally linked to the entire pantheon of
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241:, the importance of the nat religion on modern Myanmar and its people has been diminished. The formalizing of the official 37
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s as an independent profession made their appearance in the latter half of the 19th century as spirit mediums, and
347:
118:
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622:(Maung Po Tu) descent; illustrations of them show them in Burmese royal dress. Listed in proper order, they are:
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475:, and many are entranced. People come from far to take part in the festivities in various shrines called
388:, an extinct volcano with numerous temples and relic sites atop a 1300 metre-tall mountain located near
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The widespread traditional belief among rural communities that there are forest guardian spirits called
2639:
1763:
1651:
3149:
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1544:
The Thirty Seven Nats. A Phase of Spirit-Worship prevailing in Burma | Southeast Asia
Digital Library
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can be designated for a variety of reasons, including those only known in certain regions in Burma.
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and dance wildly in fits of ecstasy to the wild beat of the Hsaing waing music, possessed by the
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1358:'King Mae Ku: From Lan Na Monarch to Burmese Nat', in: Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David,
8:
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2011:
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profession was hereditary and passed from mother to daughter. Until the 1980s, few
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The official pantheon is made up predominantly of those from the royal houses of
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worship is less common in urban areas than in rural areas and is practised among
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in central Burma. The annual festival is held on the full moon of the month of
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Haunting the Buddha: Indian
Popular Religions and the Formation of Buddhism
1089:
1023:
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819:
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122:
1521:
An account of the
Taungbyone 2010 nat pwe spirit festival at Arcane Candy
1291:"Transgender, Transgression, and Translation: A Cartography of Nat Kadaws"
129:
Bamar that the most highly developed form of ceremony and ritual is seen.
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worship. His stratagem of incorporation eventually succeeded by bringing
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1965:
1948:
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1203:"Traditional Myanmar Folk Beliefs and Forest and Wildlife Conservation"
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appear to be directly associated with the life and times of
Anawrahta.
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predates
Buddhism in Burma. With the arrival of Buddhism, however, the
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The Thirty-seven Nats-A Phase of Spirit-Worship prevailing in Burma
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70:
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Counting to 37 Sir
Richard Carnac Temple and the Thirty Eighth Nat
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s were male. Since the 1980s, persons identified by outsiders as
334:; tree spirit) and that such an act would bring the wrath of the
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valley after the unification of the country and founding of the
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s are annual events celebrating a particular member of the 37
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to left of picture seen from a distance across a dry riverbed
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81:
when he formalized the official list of nats. Most of the 37
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of Bagan (1044–1077) designated an official pantheon of 37
1480:
Myanmar
Cyclone Brings Rise in Centuries-Old 'Nat' Worship
217:
27:
213:
Burmese folk religion § Relationship with
Buddhism
1366:
Salek, Kira (May 2006). "Myanmar's River of Spirits".
1138:"The Spirit-possession Cult in the Burmese Religion"
1807:
Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture (Myanmar)
595:, to head the pantheon above the Mahagiri nats as
539:Traditional offerings of bananas and coconut at a
348:Burmese folk religion § Nat-kadaw and nat-pwe
1443:Preview of a documentary film by Lindsey Merrison
3131:
1227:
1135:
69:and neighbouring countries in conjunction with
1491:Festival brings noise and colour to Taungbyone
1362:Volume 1. Chiang Mai, Cognoscenti Books, 2012.
146:) which essentially serves as a shrine to the
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471:("orchestra"), adds much to the mood of the
1487:, June 30, 2008, video and photo slideshows
1381:. Tun Institute of Learning. Archived from
1288:
1264:. Perspective (August 1997). Archived from
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2465:
1856:
1842:
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85:were human beings who met violent deaths.
464:have increasingly performed these roles.
273:were syncretically merged with Buddhism.
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571:after he had failed to enforce a ban on
546:
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527:tutelary deities of their native place.
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18:
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1436:The Nats - Online Burma/Myanmar Library
1180:. Transaction Publishers. p. 114.
314:) and mountain guardian spirits called
3132:
1396:
1377:U Kyaw Tun; et al. (2005-01-15).
1318:
1316:
1289:Ho, Tamara C.; Discourse (Fall 2009).
1200:
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1512:My House Nat Can Whip Your House Nat
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65:) are god-like spirits venerated in
1471:The Nat Spirits and Burmese Animism
1313:
1230:"Folk-Elements in Burmese Buddhism"
426:, which is a festival during which
368:Offerings of alcohol and liquor to
77:who were designated that status by
13:
1689:State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee
1499:Vol. 22 No. 430, August 4–10, 2008
1253:
1216:
1161:
1124:
125:society. However, it is among the
73:. They are divided between the 37
14:
3166:
1457:Dance theater in Mandalay, Burma.
1409:
1279:
1228:Maung Htin Aung (February 1958).
23:Burmese nat statues in the shrine
3114:
3113:
2081:
1818:
1817:
1136:Brac de la Perriere, Benedicte.
1100:
300:shrines atop to left of picture
1242:from the original on 2008-09-06
1150:from the original on 2009-03-04
1262:"The Taung Byone Nat Festival"
1194:
467:Music, often accompanied by a
1:
3048:Hammersmith Ghost murder case
1117:
1631:Dhammayutti Nikaya (Mahayin)
1432:Photo essay by Claudia Wiens
1369:National Geographic Magazine
1205:. Perspective (January 1999)
440:"wife of the spirit", i.e. "
384:pilgrimage site in Burma is
292:road, the smaller precipice
188:mother's side, father's side
132:Every Burmese village has a
119:ethnic minorities of Myanmar
16:Spirits venerated in Myanmar
7:
3155:Burmese legendary creatures
2946:Electronic voice phenomenon
2739:locations in United Kingdom
1699:Monastic schools in Myanmar
1073:
225:dressed as U Min Gyaw at a
10:
3171:
1652:Abhidhaja Maha Rattha Guru
1532:Myanmar's River of Spirits
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1475:Michigan State University
1323:DeCaroli, Robert (2004).
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593:Buddhist protective deity
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330:
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121:as well as in mainstream
98:
44:
34:hung on a post in a house
2918:Ancient Egyptian culture
1514:Ethan Todras-Whitehill,
1307:10.1353/dis.2009.a402310
448:") dance and embody the
207:Nat worship and Buddhism
2941:Apparitional experience
2441:Shwe Kyunbin Maunghnama
2265:Shwesitthin Myinbyushin
1647:Burmese Buddhist titles
1503:Myanmar Nat Pwe in Bago
1484:The Wall Street Journal
1430:Nat belief and Buddhism
1417:"Images of the 37 nats"
1331:Oxford University Press
1177:Burmese Supernaturalism
551:Me Wunna with her sons
400:. Taungbyone, north of
277:Nat worship and ecology
88:There are two types of
2570:Procession of the dead
2037:Pareinma Shin Mingaung
1944:Aung Pinle Hsinbyushin
1551:By Sally Bamford 2019.
1441:Friends in High Places
1379:"Nat in My Classroom!"
976:Pareinma Shin Mingaung
760:Aung Pinle Hsinbyushin
599:. Seven out of the 37
583:portrayed worshipping
560:
544:
412:(August). Yadanagu at
377:
361:
338:upon the perpetrator.
301:
234:
35:
24:
3025:Paranormal television
2734:locations in Scotland
2181:Ayeyarwady Delta nats
1869:Burmese folk religion
1747:Burmese folk religion
1704:Monastic examinations
1397:Temple, R.C. (1906).
1080:Burmese folk religion
765:အောင်ပင်လယ်ဆင်ဖြူရှင်
550:
538:
531:List of official nats
367:
355:
342:Popular nat festivals
284:
220:
211:Further information:
30:
22:
3010:Stories about ghosts
2834:District of Columbia
2446:Pyelepyin Maunghnama
2261:Shwepyay Myinbyushin
2233:Pale Yin (Amay Pale)
1461:Spirit of Burma 2006
1422:NYPL Digital Gallery
1235:The Atlantic Monthly
981:ပရိမ္မရှင် မင်းခေါင်
969:ထီးဖြူဆောင်း မယ်တော်
610:, but also contains
525:mi hsaing hpa hsaing
523:of supplicating the
452:. Historically, the
263:First Burmese Empire
169:mi hsaing hpa hsaing
3145:Buddhism in Myanmar
3079:Kardecist spiritism
2923:Classical antiquity
2406:Four Heavenly Kings
2012:Shwe Hpyin Naungdaw
1802:Freedom of religion
1586:Religion in Myanmar
1537:National Geographic
1508:photos by Boonlong1
1372:. pp. 136–157.
921:ရွှေဖျင်း နောင်တော်
916:Shwe Hpyin Naungdaw
380:The most important
92:in Burmese Belief:
2993:Films about ghosts
2977:Spirit photography
2211:(Nankaraing Medaw)
2172:Taungdaw Thakhinma
2032:Htibyuhsaung Medaw
1466:Nat Pwè recordings
1360:Ancient Chiang Mai
1107:Myanmar portal
964:Htibyuhsaung Medaw
561:
545:
396:(December) of the
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362:
302:
235:
127:Theravada Buddhist
36:
25:
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3126:
2901:
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2560:Residual haunting
2525:Haunted locations
2515:Ancestral spirits
2454:
2453:
2391:Pakhan U Min Gyaw
2356:U Din Kyaw Khaung
2314:
2313:
2258:Kanni Myinbyushin
2255:Yamma Myinbyushin
2017:Shwe Hpyin Nyidaw
1876:Official pantheon
1831:
1830:
1735:
1734:
1657:Agga Maha Pandita
1496:The Myanmar Times
1473:Windows on Asia,
1340:978-0-19-516838-9
1260:Shwe Mann Maung.
1187:978-1-4128-1901-5
1143:. dhammaweb.net.
945:မင်းသား မောင်ရှင်
928:Shwe Hpyin Nyidaw
587:and by enlisting
430:are propitiated,
3162:
3150:Tutelary deities
3117:
3116:
2585:
2584:
2530:Haunted highways
2481:
2474:
2467:
2458:
2457:
2436:Kayin Maunghnama
2274:Five Mother nats
2249:White Horse nats
2151:
2150:
2085:
2052:Myaukhpet Shinma
2022:Mintha Maungshin
1914:Taungoo Mingaung
1858:
1851:
1844:
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1621:Hngettwin Nikaya
1611:Thudhamma Nikaya
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1516:Student Traveler
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1012:Myaukhpet Shinma
1007:
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940:Mintha Maungshin
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933:ရွှေဖျင်း ညီတော်
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693:တောင်ငူမင်းခေါင်
688:Taungoo Mingaung
683:
682:
671:
670:
659:
658:
647:
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635:
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618:(Yun Bayin) and
581:Shwezigon Pagoda
439:
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398:Burmese calendar
333:
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202:
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148:village guardian
145:
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3042:Booty v Barnaby
3029:
2986:Popular culture
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2817:Day of the Dead
2765:
2756:Slavic religion
2717:
2606:
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2455:
2450:
2396:Shinma Aungphyu
2381:Mogaung Kyawzwa
2310:
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2248:
2242:
2224:Nine Towns nats
2219:
2197:
2193:Kwin Paing Ahpo
2176:
2142:
2086:
2077:
1871:
1867:and spirits of
1862:
1832:
1827:
1811:
1790:
1740:Other religions
1731:
1635:
1616:Shwegyin Nikaya
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1140:
1134:
1125:
1120:
1101:
1099:
1085:Deva (Buddhism)
1076:
1071:
909:မန္တလေးဘိုးတော်
861:မယ်တော်ရွှေစကား
608:Burmese history
533:
483:, get drunk on
406:Madaya Township
356:Mount Popa and
350:
344:
316:taung saung nat
279:
255:Bamar supremacy
249:(1044–1077) of
215:
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57:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3086:The Ghost Club
3083:
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3081:
3071:
3066:
3064:Fear of ghosts
3060:
3058:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2962:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2943:
2937:
2935:
2933:Parapsychology
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2800:Ghost sickness
2797:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2681:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2654:
2652:Ghost Festival
2649:
2648:
2647:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2620:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2599:South Africa (
2597:
2591:
2589:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2565:Vengeful ghost
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2540:Haunted trains
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2511:
2509:
2508:Manifestations
2505:
2504:
2501:List of ghosts
2499:
2496:
2495:
2484:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2461:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2366:Lay Kyun Maung
2363:
2358:
2353:
2351:Koe Thein Shin
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2157:
2155:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2088:
2087:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2007:Mandalay Bodaw
2004:
1999:
1993:
1988:
1986:Medaw Shwezaga
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1838:
1829:
1828:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1718:
1713:
1711:Burmese pagoda
1708:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1582:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1546:
1541:
1529:
1519:
1509:
1500:
1493:Zaw Win Than,
1488:
1477:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1455:Mintha Theater
1452:
1444:
1438:
1433:
1427:
1411:
1410:External links
1408:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1394:
1374:
1363:
1353:
1352:
1339:
1312:
1301:(3): 273–317.
1278:
1252:
1215:
1193:
1186:
1172:Spiro, Melford
1160:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1057:
1045:
1033:
1029:အနောက် မိဘုရား
1021:
1017:မြောက်ဘက်ရှင်မ
1009:
997:
985:
973:
961:
949:
937:
925:
913:
904:Mandalay Bodaw
901:
889:
877:
865:
856:Medaw Shwezaga
853:
841:
837:မင်းရဲအောင်တင်
829:
817:
805:
793:
781:
769:
757:
745:
733:
721:
709:
697:
685:
673:
661:
649:
637:
624:
585:Gautama Buddha
532:
529:
505:nat kannah pwè
343:
340:
321:တောင်စောင့်နတ်
278:
275:
208:
205:
200:ကိုယ်စောင့်နတ်
136:(နတ်ကွန်း) or
79:King Anawrahta
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3167:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3120:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3069:Spectrophilia
3067:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2960:Ghost hunting
2958:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:South America
2863:
2855:
2854:San Francisco
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2824:United States
2822:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2770:North America
2768:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2602:
2598:
2596:
2595:Madam Koi Koi
2593:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2577:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2545:Haunted ships
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2535:Haunted house
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2482:
2477:
2475:
2470:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2431:Mani Maykhala
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2371:Ma Ngwe Taung
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:Beikthano Nat
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2326:Shin Upagutta
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:Miscellaneous
2317:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2245:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2215:Ko Aung Naing
2213:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1976:Minye Aungdin
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1929:Shwe Nawrahta
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1854:
1852:
1847:
1845:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1826:
1825:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1769:Protestantism
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1716:Buddhābhiṣeka
1714:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1667:Thathanabaing
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1580:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1566:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1385:on 2012-12-03
1384:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1342:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1317:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1283:
1268:on 2004-07-17
1267:
1263:
1256:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1204:
1197:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1123:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1061:
1058:
1049:
1046:
1037:
1034:
1025:
1022:
1013:
1010:
1001:
998:
989:
986:
977:
974:
965:
962:
953:
950:
941:
938:
929:
926:
917:
914:
905:
902:
893:
890:
881:
878:
869:
866:
857:
854:
845:
842:
833:
832:Minye Aungdin
830:
821:
818:
809:
806:
797:
794:
789:မောင်မင်းရှင်
785:
782:
773:
770:
761:
758:
749:
746:
741:အောင်စွာမကြီး
737:
734:
725:
724:Shwe Nawrahta
722:
713:
710:
701:
698:
689:
686:
677:
674:
665:
662:
653:
650:
641:
638:
629:
626:
625:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
559:at Mount Popa
558:
554:
549:
542:
537:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
501:
497:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
375:
371:
366:
359:
354:
349:
339:
337:
327:
317:
307:
306:taw saung nat
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
274:
272:
268:
265:. Worship of
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
239:globalization
233:, August 1989
232:
228:
224:
219:
214:
204:
196:
174:မိဆိုင်ဖဆိုင်
170:
166:
156:
155:ywa saung nat
152:
149:
139:
135:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
95:
91:
86:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
63:
62:[naʔ]
55:
51:
41:
33:
29:
21:
3140:Burmese nats
3074:Spiritualism
3040:
2950:
2913:Mesopotamian
2849:Pennsylvania
2617:
2579:By continent
2550:Hungry ghost
2520:Ghost lights
2376:Medaw Lay Ba
2331:Shin Thiwali
2290:Amay Yay Yin
2057:Anauk Mibaya
2027:Htibyuhsaung
2002:Maung Minbyu
1981:Shwe Sitthin
1971:Tabinshwehti
1955:Maungminshin
1934:Aungzwamagyi
1905:(Naga Medaw)
1864:
1822:
1795:Other topics
1759:Christianity
1752:Nat (spirit)
1640:Other topics
1626:Dwara Nikaya
1535:
1534:Kira Salak,
1518:, 2006-11-24
1515:
1494:
1482:
1420:
1405:Hla Tha Mein
1398:
1387:. Retrieved
1383:the original
1367:
1359:
1344:. Retrieved
1325:
1298:
1294:
1270:. Retrieved
1266:the original
1255:
1244:. Retrieved
1233:
1207:. Retrieved
1201:Dr Sein Tu.
1196:
1176:
1152:. Retrieved
1090:Hungry ghost
1024:Anauk Mibaya
1005:မင်းကျော်စွာ
957:ထီးဖြူဆောင်း
952:Htibyuhsaung
897:မောင်မင်းဖြူ
892:Maung Minbyu
844:Shwe Sitthin
825:တပင်ရွှေထီး
820:Tabinshwehti
784:Maungminshin
736:Aungzwamagyi
640:Min Mahagiri
611:
605:
600:
576:
572:
568:
562:
540:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
495:
493:
488:
480:
476:
472:
469:hsaing waing
466:
457:
453:
449:
431:
427:
423:
419:
418:
409:
393:
381:
379:
376:in Amarapura
373:
357:
335:
325:
315:
311:တောစောင့်နတ်
305:
303:
297:
293:
290:Kyaukpadaung
270:
266:
242:
236:
226:
222:
195:ko saung nat
194:
168:
164:
160:ရွာစောင့်နတ်
154:
150:
137:
133:
131:
114:
110:
104:
93:
89:
87:
82:
74:
53:
39:
37:
31:
3034:Court cases
2581:and culture
2555:Poltergeist
2401:Ma Phae Wah
2386:Mya Nan Nwe
2301:Myauk Medaw
2296:Taung Medaw
2286:Anauk Medaw
2281:Ashay Medaw
2247:Lord of the
2230:Ko Myo Shin
2167:Koyin Maung
2113:Maha Peinne
2074:(Ma Hnelay)
2047:Min Kyawzwa
1991:Maung Po Tu
1898:Hnamadawgyi
1764:Catholicism
1727:Phongyibyan
1000:Min Kyawzwa
873:မောင်ဘိုးတူ
868:Maung Po Tu
729:ရွှေနော်ရထာ
657:နှမတော်ကြီး
652:Hnamadawgyi
645:မင်းမဟာဂီရိ
462:trans women
370:Min Kyawzwa
358:Taung Kalat
294:Taung Kalat
153:called the
3134:Categories
2970:Mediumship
2888:Polynesian
2829:California
2781:Caribbean
2713:Vietnamese
2426:Wathondare
2209:Bago Medaw
2188:U Shin Gyi
2163:(Me Wunna)
2161:Popa Medaw
2147:Other nats
2133:Thuyathadi
2127:Paramethwa
1966:Nyaunggyin
1957:(Shin Byu)
1951:(Shin Nyo)
1949:Taungmagyi
1924:Thandawgan
1909:Thonbanhla
1903:Shwe Nabay
1540:. May 2006
1389:2006-07-03
1346:2008-09-13
1272:2008-09-11
1246:2008-09-11
1209:2008-09-13
1154:2008-09-14
1118:References
885:ယွန်းဘုရင်
849:ရွှေစစ်သင်
813:ညောင်ချင်း
808:Nyaunggyin
777:တောင်မကြီး
772:Taungmagyi
753:ငါးစီးရှင်
748:Ngazi Shin
712:Thandawgan
676:Thonbanhla
664:Shwe Nabay
633:သိကြားမင်း
601:Great Nats
569:Great Nats
517:nat kannah
500:Great Nats
386:Mount Popa
346:See also:
286:Mount Popa
243:Great Nats
165:Great Nats
105:Much like
83:Great Nats
75:Great Nats
3015:Halloween
3003:Indonesia
2812:locations
2749:locations
2706:locations
2679:locations
2662:locations
2645:locations
2628:locations
2601:locations
2492:ghostlore
2361:Lawka Nat
2346:Bo Bo Gyi
2306:Amay Gyan
2202:Bago nats
2154:Popa nats
2103:Beikthano
2072:Shin Nemi
2042:Min Sithu
1996:Yun Bayin
1939:Ngazishin
1883:Thagyamin
1723:(Awgatha)
1672:Thilashin
1603:Theravada
1447:Nat Dance
1295:Discourse
1060:Shin Nemi
1041:ရှင်ကုန်း
993:မင်းစည်သူ
988:Min Sithu
880:Yun Bayin
681:သုံးပန်လှ
669:ရွှေနံဘေး
628:Thagyamin
597:Thagyamin
565:Anawrahta
513:nat kadaw
485:palm wine
458:nat gadaw
454:nat kadaw
432:nat kadaw
414:Amarapura
331:ရုက္ခစိုး
296:with its
259:Irrawaddy
247:Anawrahta
223:nat kadaw
107:sainthood
3119:Category
2872:Colombia
2674:Japanese
2640:Filipino
2416:Bhummaso
2411:Akathaso
2341:Ponmagyi
2138:Thukanda
1998:(Mekuti)
1893:Mahagiri
1824:Category
1776:Hinduism
1594:Buddhism
1240:Archived
1174:(1996).
1145:Archived
1095:Lên đồng
1074:See also
1065:ရှင်နဲမိ
801:ရှင်တော်
717:သံတော်ခံ
705:မင်းတရား
494:Whereas
481:nat naan
437:နတ်ကတော်
402:Mandalay
245:by King
99:နတ်စိမ်း
94:nat sein
71:Buddhism
3057:Related
3020:Samhain
2906:History
2881:Oceania
2839:Indiana
2807:Mexican
2791:Navajo
2761:Romania
2745:France
2729:English
2667:Bengali
2633:Tibetan
2623:Chinese
2618:Burmese
2588:African
2421:Yokkaso
2239:Hkuntha
2236:Hkuncho
2067:Shingwa
2062:Shingon
1961:Shindaw
1919:Mintara
1786:Judaism
1682:Kappiya
1662:Sayadaw
1450:YouTube
1048:Shingwa
1036:Shingon
796:Shindaw
700:Mintara
557:Min Lay
553:Min Gyi
496:nat pwè
477:nat kun
473:nat pwè
424:nat pwè
410:Wagaung
374:nat pwe
326:yokkazo
257:in the
227:nat pwè
182:
138:nat sin
134:nat kun
67:Myanmar
32:Nat oun
3101:Spirit
2965:Séance
2952:kaidan
2844:Oregon
2795:Chindi
2777:Canada
2722:Europe
2691:Korean
2657:Indian
2488:Ghosts
2108:Byamma
1694:Kyaung
1527:Part 2
1523:Part 1
1506:Flickr
1337:
1333:, US.
1184:
1053:ရှင်ကွ
543:shrine
511:. The
446:shaman
442:medium
394:Natdaw
231:Mingun
143:နတ်စင်
3091:Geist
2998:India
2893:Maori
2785:Duppy
2696:Malay
2684:Onryō
2611:Asian
2123:Thiwa
2118:Sandi
2092:Hindu
1887:Śakra
1781:Islam
1721:Okāsa
1148:(PDF)
1141:(PDF)
1112:Preta
589:Śakra
563:King
521:yo-ya
390:Bagan
372:at a
288:from
251:Bagan
123:Bamar
50:MLCTS
3096:Soul
2701:Thai
2490:and
2095:nats
1865:Nats
1677:Yogi
1525:and
1335:ISBN
1182:ISBN
620:Shan
616:Thai
612:nats
591:, a
577:nats
555:and
509:nats
489:nats
450:nats
428:nats
420:Nats
271:nats
267:nats
179:lit.
111:nats
90:nats
58:IPA:
40:nats
38:The
1303:doi
614:of
579:to
573:nat
541:nat
479:or
434:s (
404:in
382:nat
336:nat
318:s (
308:s (
298:nat
229:in
203:).
167:as
151:nat
115:Nat
54:nat
45:နတ်
3136::
1419:.
1329:.
1315:^
1299:31
1297:.
1293:.
1281:^
1238:.
1232:.
1218:^
1163:^
1126:^
924:)
491:.
444:,
221:A
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109:,
56:;
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2480:e
2473:t
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2125:(
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1885:(
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1850:t
1843:v
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1564:v
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1309:.
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